高中英语 虚拟语气讲解 课件
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高中语法虚拟语气(64张PPT)
真实条件句中主从句的时态关系 条件从句：一般现在时
主句：shall / will + 动词原形
— Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? — If it doesn’t rain.
非真实条件句: 在非真实条件句即虚拟条件 句中主从句的谓语部分构成：
从 句 动词的过去式(be 与现在事 的过去式一般用 实相反 were) 与过去事 实相反 主 句
2. 祈使语气
用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等。
Be quiet, please. Go and wash your hands.
Look out！Danger！
No parking.
3. 虚拟语气
用于表示主观愿望或假设的虚拟情况。虚拟
语气中说话者所讲的内容往往是与事实相反 的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微, 甚至没 有实现的可能性, 但是有时为了使说话的语 气客气、缓和、委婉, 也使用虚拟语气。
If you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.
If you had been in Korea with me last year, you would have attended a wedding ceremony.
(与过去事实相反)
If he had known her address, he would had gone to visit her.
(与过去事实相反)
If I should have a chance, I would try my best.
(与将来事实相反)
高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇)ppt课件
The teacher asked (that) our homework __(_sh__o_u_ld_)__b_e_f_in_i_s_h最_e新_d版整_理i_pnp_t t_i_m_e_________ . 29
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
It is ord(e一r)e.d主/语c从o句mmanded /
should/would/could/mig ht + do
最新版整理ppt
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1) If he has time,he will go shopping tonight.
与事实相反！
2) If I had time,I would visit you.
最新版整理ppt
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与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
最新版整理ppt
♥பைடு நூலகம்27
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
3. were to do 最新版整理ppt
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If虚拟句的省略和倒装
最新版整理ppt
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如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略 if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
如If果I w我er是e 你yo，u, 我I w会ou再ld试try一it次ag。ain.
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
It is ord(e一r)e.d主/语c从o句mmanded /
should/would/could/mig ht + do
最新版整理ppt
7
1) If he has time,he will go shopping tonight.
与事实相反！
2) If I had time,I would visit you.
最新版整理ppt
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与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
最新版整理ppt
♥பைடு நூலகம்27
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
3. were to do 最新版整理ppt
15
If虚拟句的省略和倒装
最新版整理ppt
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如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略 if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
如If果I w我er是e 你yo，u, 我I w会ou再ld试try一it次ag。ain.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49张PPT)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
高中英语虚拟语气课件(共49张)
If he had come ten minutes earlier, he could have met that famous film star.
3.I didn’t take a taxi, for it is five minutes’ walk.
If it___w_e_r_e_n_’t_ five minutes’ walk, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n_ a taxi
C 目录 ONTENTS
1
课堂导入
2
知识梳理
3
典型例题
4
课堂练习
5
课堂小结
6
课后作业
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气？
虚拟语气
Ｉ.概念: 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示 所说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可 能性很小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假 设的语气叫虚拟语气。
II.英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在 事实相反
if 从 句
动词过去式 did （be用were）
主句
would (should, could, might)＋动词原形
1.I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I __h_a_d___(have)a car, I __w_o__u_ld__b_e__(be)very happy
( B )1. _______he come , the problem would be settled. A Would B Should C. Shall D. If
(C
)2._____ you ________last Wednesday, you might know it well now.
3.I didn’t take a taxi, for it is five minutes’ walk.
If it___w_e_r_e_n_’t_ five minutes’ walk, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n_ a taxi
C 目录 ONTENTS
1
课堂导入
2
知识梳理
3
典型例题
4
课堂练习
5
课堂小结
6
课后作业
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气？
虚拟语气
Ｉ.概念: 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示 所说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可 能性很小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假 设的语气叫虚拟语气。
II.英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在 事实相反
if 从 句
动词过去式 did （be用were）
主句
would (should, could, might)＋动词原形
1.I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I __h_a_d___(have)a car, I __w_o__u_ld__b_e__(be)very happy
( B )1. _______he come , the problem would be settled. A Would B Should C. Shall D. If
(C
)2._____ you ________last Wednesday, you might know it well now.
高中英语语法课件-虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
实战练习 5
2001年1月大学英语四级题目： Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made
解题思路
这是一道错综时间虚拟条件句。 在本句中，从句是对过去发生的事情进 行假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯 子下面把你接住，恐怕你现在就不会笑 了。选A
实战练习 2
If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you ___ well now. A. are B. had been C. would be D. were 正确答案: C
祈使语气主要用于祈使句。 e.g. Get out of here! 虚拟语气
II. 什么是虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人 所说的话不是事实，而是想象、假设、建议、 打算、意见、愿望、怀疑、推测、喜悦等等。 e.g. If we had met her last night, we would have told her what had happened. 如果我们昨晚见到她，我们就会告诉她发生了 什么事。 （实际上，我们并没有见到她，也没有告诉她 所发生的事。）
注意！！！
如果条件从句是否定式，倒装时只能把 not 放在主语之后，不能用缩写式把not 放在主语之前。 e.g. Had you not told me about the matter, I should never have known the whole thing. (不能说：Hadn’t you told me…)
虚拟语气-(共51张)PPT课件
A. Were B. should C. would D. will
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If you had followed my advice, you would be
able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份 工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
现在
将来
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一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
had done
would should could might
+have done sth
现在
would
助动词 be用 were should 实义动词 do 用 did could
might
+ do sth
Without your help, we D____ such rapid progress.
A. couldn’t make B. wouldn’t make
C. will not have made D. wouldn’t have made
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名词性从句中的虚拟句
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宾语从句中的虚拟语气
句式一：wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示
与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓
语动词退后一个时态。例如:
1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)
I wish I were as healthy as you.
A.could take B.would take
C.will have taken D.would- have taken
高中英语语法专题复习课件--虚拟语气(共36张PPT)-经典通用课件资料
help. (浙江2014)
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
A
Байду номын сангаас2021/10/10
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9. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I
wouldn’t
have
D believed
it.
(北京2015)
1. 在if条件句中的用法
Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
D
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2. 特殊用法
2021/10/10
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★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中谓语用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时， 从句中谓语用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中谓语用“would / could / might+动词原形”。如：
How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.
worlAd. (福建2014)
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been
高考英语虚拟语气(23张ppt)
A.could take B.would take C.will have taken D.would have taken
2.Without your help, we _D___ such rapid progress.
A. couldn’t make
B. wouldn’t make
C. will not have made D. wouldn’t have made
you.
3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call, please take
a message.
What would have happened, _C____ as far as the river bank?
(01 上海)
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
2021/10/10
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C. would , ask
D. did, ask
典型例题
注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气
1) The volleyball match will be put off if it ___B__. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实 条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。
2) --- Would you have called her up ___A__ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework.
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
2.Without your help, we _D___ such rapid progress.
A. couldn’t make
B. wouldn’t make
C. will not have made D. wouldn’t have made
you.
3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call, please take
a message.
What would have happened, _C____ as far as the river bank?
(01 上海)
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
2021/10/10
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C. would , ask
D. did, ask
典型例题
注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气
1) The volleyball match will be put off if it ___B__. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实 条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。
2) --- Would you have called her up ___A__ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework.
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
高中英语虚拟语气(共24张PPT)
进行虚拟时,主句和if从句的谓语动词形式 如下: 1.与现在事实相反时,其表现形式为: if+主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might, could,
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
高中英语虚拟语气课件课件(共71张ppt)
• A. will allow
B. should allow
• C. would have allowed D. had allowed
3.If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we ____ at the airport.
过去式(did) be were
①did / were ②should +do ③were to do
would should could might
+have done sth
would should could might
+ do sth
would should + do sth could might
如果他当时用功学习的话，他可能就得到奖学 了。
if he H__a_d_s_t_u_d_i_e_d(study) hard, he _c_o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__w_i_n_(win) the scholarship. 如果昨天他见到你，他就可能问你这个问题。
If he h_a_d__s_ee_n_(see) you yesterday, he _W__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__a_sk_e_d__(ask) you about it.
不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜 测、怀疑、愿望、要求、命令、建 议等 。
• I have a car. • 我有一部车。（指现在有）
• I had a car. • 我有一部车。（指过去有）
• I wish I had a car. • 但愿我有一部车。（实际没有，表
愿望）
一、if 条件句中的虚拟语气
高中英语语法--虚拟语气课件(36张)
连词if之外，尚有下列连词： Otherwise否则,不然… in case 假如 But that 要不是… on condition (that)条件是.. Unless 除非 suppose/supposing (that)假如 So long as 只要 provide/providing (that)如果.. 例：I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. = I was busy last week. If I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you.
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now. (08, 52) A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 4. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand ? (04,54) A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised
If you heat ice, If he doesn’t hurry up,
过去时
it turns(=will turn) to water。 he will miss the bus.
过去时或过去将来时
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now. (08, 52) A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 4. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand ? (04,54) A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised
If you heat ice, If he doesn’t hurry up,
过去时
it turns(=will turn) to water。 he will miss the bus.
过去时或过去将来时
高中英语——虚拟语气(69张PPT)
insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法
(c)与将来事实相反
从句的谓语用If I (we, you, he, they) ＋ 动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句谓语用should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might ＋ 动词原形。
If the god should give/ were to give/ gave me a chance, I would tell that girl that I love her.
If he got up early, he would be on time.
PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks
a. If there s_h_o_u_l_d__b_e (be) no natural resource any more, we s_h_o_u_l_d__m_a_k_e_ (make) use of nuclear power.
•
12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。02:28:3902:28:3902:28Saturday, August 28, 2021
13、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。21.8.2821.8.2802:28:3902:28:39August 28, 2021
(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形 式为 “ would＋动词原形”。
注意: 主句的主语与从句的主语不能相 同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作 能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意 愿(非动物名词除外)。 但愿你立刻来。
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would / could / might / should +have done
would / could / might / should + do
15
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
[例句] 1. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you
would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过
• If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,…
• If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment… If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come a few…. 18
但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省 略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩 略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而 不能说 Weren't I to do.
19
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在复合句中的应用：
三、错综时间的条件句（交叉虚拟）
即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需 要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如：
3
关于陈述语气 1
4
关于陈述语气 2
5
语气
祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)用来
表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等。 Let me do it. Please keep quiet in the reading room.
6
关于祁使语气 1
7
关于祁使语气 2
8
关于祁使语气 3
12
1 真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生， 其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型： 条件从句 主句 一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin. The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用 shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现 在时的动词形式。
14
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
一、在条件从句中 (叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反 的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：
9
关于祁使语气 4
10
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
1) 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一 是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事 实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条 件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示 说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在 宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
11
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句， 一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示 的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故 采用虚拟语气。
表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示现在情况 表示过去情况
过去式(did) (be常用 were)
过去完成式(had +done)
表示将来情况
①过去式 (did)(were) ②should + do ③were to + do
would / could / might / should +动词原形(do)
典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some
other day. A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I
17
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
二、省略if 的条件从句
当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ， 而把它们放在句首。
A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
13
注意：
1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
去事实相反) 2. If it were(were to be/should be) sunny
tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可
能相反) 3. If I were you, I would go now.
假如我是你的话，我现在就走。(与现在事实相反， 事实上我不可能是你)
16
注意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用
"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
虚拟语气 Subjunctive
1
语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：
陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2
语气
陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)用来陈述一
个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定，否定， 疑问或感叹等形式。 People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV. Her mother did not know that she had AIDS until after Xiaohua was born. How should we act towards people who have AIDS? What a brave girl!
would / could / might / should + do
15
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
[例句] 1. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you
would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过
• If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,…
• If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment… If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come a few…. 18
但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省 略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩 略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而 不能说 Weren't I to do.
19
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在复合句中的应用：
三、错综时间的条件句（交叉虚拟）
即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需 要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如：
3
关于陈述语气 1
4
关于陈述语气 2
5
语气
祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)用来
表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等。 Let me do it. Please keep quiet in the reading room.
6
关于祁使语气 1
7
关于祁使语气 2
8
关于祁使语气 3
12
1 真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生， 其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型： 条件从句 主句 一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin. The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用 shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现 在时的动词形式。
14
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
一、在条件从句中 (叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反 的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：
9
关于祁使语气 4
10
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
1) 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一 是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事 实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条 件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示 说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在 宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
11
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句， 一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示 的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故 采用虚拟语气。
表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示现在情况 表示过去情况
过去式(did) (be常用 were)
过去完成式(had +done)
表示将来情况
①过去式 (did)(were) ②should + do ③were to + do
would / could / might / should +动词原形(do)
典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some
other day. A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I
17
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
二、省略if 的条件从句
当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ， 而把它们放在句首。
A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
13
注意：
1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
去事实相反) 2. If it were(were to be/should be) sunny
tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可
能相反) 3. If I were you, I would go now.
假如我是你的话，我现在就走。(与现在事实相反， 事实上我不可能是你)
16
注意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用
"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
虚拟语气 Subjunctive
1
语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：
陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2
语气
陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)用来陈述一
个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定，否定， 疑问或感叹等形式。 People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV. Her mother did not know that she had AIDS until after Xiaohua was born. How should we act towards people who have AIDS? What a brave girl!