自考高级英语下Lesson 11 On Human Nature and Politics
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young nurse who befriends her... • 电影讲述的是一位老太太和一个待她友善
的年轻护士的故事。
Esthonia
• a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea
• 爱沙尼亚
starvation
• a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period
vanity
• feelings of excessive pride • the quality of being valueless or futile • A man's vanity is actually in proportion to
his ignorance. • 一个人的虚荣心实际上是和他的愚蠢程度
Lesson Eleven On Human Nature
and Politics
Bertrand Russell
infinite
• having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude
• "the infinite ingenuity of man" • "infinite wealth"
late. – 这绝不是你第一次迟到了。
Muhammadan
• of or relating to the Arabian prophet Muhammad or to the religion he founded
• （伊斯兰教创始人）穆罕默德的伊斯兰教 （徒）的，回教的
come to grief
psychoanalysis
• a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud;
elude
• if something that you want eludes you, you fail to find or achieve it
– The appropriate word eluded him. – 他找不到合适的字眼
• to escape from someone or something, especially by tricking them SYN avoid
gratified
• having received what was desired
• He was gratified to hear that his idea had been confirmed...
• 听到自己的想法得到了认可，他感到很开心。
• They were gratified that America kept its promise. • 美国政府信守承诺，这使他们感到高兴。
• 心理分析
satiety
• the state of being satisfactorily full and unable to take on more饱足；满足
• synonym： repletion，satiation • There is no satiety in study. • 学无止境。
to sell... • 印第安人带了精美的珠饰来卖。 • Mr Zhang's photography is exquisite. • 张先生的摄影作品非常精美。
viands
• a stock or supply of foods • Greek slaves supplied them with exquisite
and save their money... • 他们已经存钱并开始贮藏食物和汽油。
infancy
• the early stage of growth or development 婴儿期；幼年；初期
• synonym： babyhood，early childhood • Computing science was still in its infancy. • 计算科学仍然处于初期阶段。
city. • 他们住在乡下，但在城里工作。
on that account
• 由于这个[那个]缘故 • I hope you will not on that account reject
what evidence I place before you. • 我希望你不要因此而拒绝我向你提供的证
据。
chieftains
• the head of a tribe or clan • ...the legendary British chieftain, King
Arthur. • 传说中的不列颠部落首领——亚瑟王
silken
• having a smooth, gleaming surface; • ...her long silken hair. • 她那丝滑的长发 • ...a silken nightshirt. • 丝绸睡衣
engineering groups. • 最贪得无厌的公司往往是工程队
rivalryБайду номын сангаас
• the act of competing as for profit or a prize 竞争，敌对
– There has always been intense rivalry between New Zealand and Australia.
viands at the slightest nod. • 只要他们轻轻点点头希腊奴隶就会供奉给
他们精美的食品。 • The family sat down to table, and a frugal
meal of cold viands was deposited before them. • 一家老少，都围着桌子坐下．几样简单的 冷食，摆在他们面前。
• Over three hundred people have died of starvation since the beginning of the year.
• 从年初起，已有 300 多人饿死。
famine
• a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death饥荒
• to fail, or to be harmed or destroyed in an accident遭到灾难， 出事； 以失败告终； 吃亏
成正比。
title
• an established or recognized right权利 • He never had title to the property. • 他从来就不具有这项财产的所有权
befriend
• become friends with待 ... 如友；帮助 • The film's about an elderly woman and a
inactive
• not active or exerting influence • Some animals are inactive during the
daytime. • 有些动物白天不活动。
exquisite
• of delicate composition and artistry; • of extreme beauty; • The Indians brought in exquisite beadwork
adequate
• enough to meet a purpose; • "an adequate income" • "the food was adequate"
sparingly
• to a meager degree or in a meager manner;节俭地；保守地
• "these voices are meagerly represented at the conference"
• Thousands of refugees are trapped by war, drought and famine...
• 成千上万的难民陷于战争、旱灾和饥荒之 中。
hoard
• a secret store of valuables or money • They've begun to hoard food and gasoline
boa constrictor
• n. 大蟒蛇； 王蛇 • In matters of finance, Monsieur Grandet
combined the characteristics of the tiger and the boa constrictor. • 讲起理财的本领，葛朗台先生是只老虎， 是条巨蟒。
acquisitiveness
• strong desire to acquire and possess • We live in an acquisitive society... • 我们生活在一个物欲横流的社会。 • The most acquisitive firms tend to be
Byzantine
• 1. of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church or the rites performed in it;
• 2. of or relating to or characteristic of the Byzantine Empire or the ancient city of Byzantium
– He eluded his pursuers by escaping into a river.
mainspring
• the most important spring in a mechanical device (especially a clock or watch); as it uncoils it drives the mechanism主要原因； 主要推动力
• 拜占庭风格的
divans
• a long backless sofa (usually with pillows against a wall)
• Lord Henry stretched himself out on the divan and laughed.
• 亨利勋爵伸手摊脚地躺在沙发椅上，笑着。
Paradise
• any place of complete bliss and delight and peace
• According to some religions, paradise is a wonderful place where people go after they die, if they have led good lives
– You begin to understand what actions were the mainspring of the story.
– 你开始体会到是什么样的行动在推动这个故事 的发展。
by no means
• definitely not;
– "the prize is by no means certain" – This by no means the first time you have been
date
• n. （北非和西亚常见的海枣树的）海枣
dwell in
• 住在（某地）； 保留，存在 • As for him, the marriage clause did not
dwell in his mind. • 至于他，并没有把结婚这个条款放在心上。 • They dwell in the country but work in the
的年轻护士的故事。
Esthonia
• a republic in northeastern Europe on the Baltic Sea
• 爱沙尼亚
starvation
• a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period
vanity
• feelings of excessive pride • the quality of being valueless or futile • A man's vanity is actually in proportion to
his ignorance. • 一个人的虚荣心实际上是和他的愚蠢程度
Lesson Eleven On Human Nature
and Politics
Bertrand Russell
infinite
• having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude
• "the infinite ingenuity of man" • "infinite wealth"
late. – 这绝不是你第一次迟到了。
Muhammadan
• of or relating to the Arabian prophet Muhammad or to the religion he founded
• （伊斯兰教创始人）穆罕默德的伊斯兰教 （徒）的，回教的
come to grief
psychoanalysis
• a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud;
elude
• if something that you want eludes you, you fail to find or achieve it
– The appropriate word eluded him. – 他找不到合适的字眼
• to escape from someone or something, especially by tricking them SYN avoid
gratified
• having received what was desired
• He was gratified to hear that his idea had been confirmed...
• 听到自己的想法得到了认可，他感到很开心。
• They were gratified that America kept its promise. • 美国政府信守承诺，这使他们感到高兴。
• 心理分析
satiety
• the state of being satisfactorily full and unable to take on more饱足；满足
• synonym： repletion，satiation • There is no satiety in study. • 学无止境。
to sell... • 印第安人带了精美的珠饰来卖。 • Mr Zhang's photography is exquisite. • 张先生的摄影作品非常精美。
viands
• a stock or supply of foods • Greek slaves supplied them with exquisite
and save their money... • 他们已经存钱并开始贮藏食物和汽油。
infancy
• the early stage of growth or development 婴儿期；幼年；初期
• synonym： babyhood，early childhood • Computing science was still in its infancy. • 计算科学仍然处于初期阶段。
city. • 他们住在乡下，但在城里工作。
on that account
• 由于这个[那个]缘故 • I hope you will not on that account reject
what evidence I place before you. • 我希望你不要因此而拒绝我向你提供的证
据。
chieftains
• the head of a tribe or clan • ...the legendary British chieftain, King
Arthur. • 传说中的不列颠部落首领——亚瑟王
silken
• having a smooth, gleaming surface; • ...her long silken hair. • 她那丝滑的长发 • ...a silken nightshirt. • 丝绸睡衣
engineering groups. • 最贪得无厌的公司往往是工程队
rivalryБайду номын сангаас
• the act of competing as for profit or a prize 竞争，敌对
– There has always been intense rivalry between New Zealand and Australia.
viands at the slightest nod. • 只要他们轻轻点点头希腊奴隶就会供奉给
他们精美的食品。 • The family sat down to table, and a frugal
meal of cold viands was deposited before them. • 一家老少，都围着桌子坐下．几样简单的 冷食，摆在他们面前。
• Over three hundred people have died of starvation since the beginning of the year.
• 从年初起，已有 300 多人饿死。
famine
• a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death饥荒
• to fail, or to be harmed or destroyed in an accident遭到灾难， 出事； 以失败告终； 吃亏
成正比。
title
• an established or recognized right权利 • He never had title to the property. • 他从来就不具有这项财产的所有权
befriend
• become friends with待 ... 如友；帮助 • The film's about an elderly woman and a
inactive
• not active or exerting influence • Some animals are inactive during the
daytime. • 有些动物白天不活动。
exquisite
• of delicate composition and artistry; • of extreme beauty; • The Indians brought in exquisite beadwork
adequate
• enough to meet a purpose; • "an adequate income" • "the food was adequate"
sparingly
• to a meager degree or in a meager manner;节俭地；保守地
• "these voices are meagerly represented at the conference"
• Thousands of refugees are trapped by war, drought and famine...
• 成千上万的难民陷于战争、旱灾和饥荒之 中。
hoard
• a secret store of valuables or money • They've begun to hoard food and gasoline
boa constrictor
• n. 大蟒蛇； 王蛇 • In matters of finance, Monsieur Grandet
combined the characteristics of the tiger and the boa constrictor. • 讲起理财的本领，葛朗台先生是只老虎， 是条巨蟒。
acquisitiveness
• strong desire to acquire and possess • We live in an acquisitive society... • 我们生活在一个物欲横流的社会。 • The most acquisitive firms tend to be
Byzantine
• 1. of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church or the rites performed in it;
• 2. of or relating to or characteristic of the Byzantine Empire or the ancient city of Byzantium
– He eluded his pursuers by escaping into a river.
mainspring
• the most important spring in a mechanical device (especially a clock or watch); as it uncoils it drives the mechanism主要原因； 主要推动力
• 拜占庭风格的
divans
• a long backless sofa (usually with pillows against a wall)
• Lord Henry stretched himself out on the divan and laughed.
• 亨利勋爵伸手摊脚地躺在沙发椅上，笑着。
Paradise
• any place of complete bliss and delight and peace
• According to some religions, paradise is a wonderful place where people go after they die, if they have led good lives
– You begin to understand what actions were the mainspring of the story.
– 你开始体会到是什么样的行动在推动这个故事 的发展。
by no means
• definitely not;
– "the prize is by no means certain" – This by no means the first time you have been
date
• n. （北非和西亚常见的海枣树的）海枣
dwell in
• 住在（某地）； 保留，存在 • As for him, the marriage clause did not
dwell in his mind. • 至于他，并没有把结婚这个条款放在心上。 • They dwell in the country but work in the