2011年4月自考英语翻译试题

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2011年4月山东省自考英语(二)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2011年4月山东省自考英语（二）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Word Spelling 13. Translation from Chinese into English 14. Translation from English into ChineseV ocabulary and Structrue1．The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.A．could loseB．would have lostC．might loseD．ought to have lost正确答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。

句意：所涉及的数百万次的计算，若用手工进行，等到完成时恐怕早就失去一切实用价值了。

在本句中，从句省略了if，把had提到了前面，变成了倒装句式。

由于本句是与过去事实相反的假设，条件句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句的谓语动词用“would have done”。

故选B。

2．I’ d just as soon______rudely to her.A．that you won’t speakB．you not speakingC．you not speakD．you didn’ t speak正确答案：D解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。

句意：我真希望你别对她那么粗鲁地讲话。

在“would rather(wouldsooner，would as soon)+宾语从句”的句型中，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

它表示的是一种尚未实现的愿望，其从句谓语动词用一般过去时，故选D。

3．He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he______a Chinese.A．wereB．had beenC．isD．has been正确答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。

2011年4月高等教育自学考试英语全国统一命题试题及答案加翻译

2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷Vocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)Ⅰ从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.You may use bike provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A. unlessB. providedC. thoughD. because2.He could not hold back his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the universityA. hold upB. hold backC. get overD. get through3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth with their childrenA. onB. forC. withD. to4.The teacher required that all errors should be eliminated eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A. deportedB. eliminatedC. deprivedD. implemented5.A person is lucky if his career coinciders with his interest and hobby.A. concernsB. competesC. coincidersD. compares6.Out sleep influences our mood. our mood, in return affects our performance.A. in returnB. in vainC. in shortD. in turn7.It was considerate of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A. considerateB. consideringC. considerableD. considered8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some remarks on my recent article at the conference.A. requestsB. referencesC. remarksD. restrictions9.He is so absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A. soB. eachC. veryD. much10.No sooner had I reached had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A. did I reachB.I had reachedC. had I reachedD.I reachedⅡ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。

全国2011年04月自学考试综合英语(二)真题

全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题课程代码：00795I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYComplete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)1. The idea of traveling through _________ space to other planets interests many people today.A. aB. theC. /D. one2. I'd get the book for you _________ I could remember who last borrowed it.A. only ifB. if onlyC. except thatD. in case that3. We had to get him to the hospital right away. Otherwise, it _________ too late.A. isB. will beC. wasD. would be4. I think your sister should know _________ to spend her money on fancy goods.A. other thanB. rather thanC. better thanD. more than5. If negotiations for the new trade agreement take _________ , serious food shortage will develop in several countries.A. too much longerB. the longestC. much too longD. the longer6. He was a man of ready advice. He _________ advise anyone on anything on the spur of the moment.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. might7. I didn't go to his party last night, because _________ I changed my mind.A. on a second thoughtB. on the second thoughtC. on second thoughtsD. on the second thoughts8. _________ we do, it must conform to the interests of the people.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第1页（共11页）A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WheneverD. Wherever9. We must make young smokers realize the harm of cigarettes to their health and help them_________ smoking.A. ridB. leaveC. quitD. cancel10. You can do what you like, but I do not want you to be_________.A. on the wayB. along the wayC. by the wayD. in the way11. It is hard to act according to the _________ which you don't believe in.A. principlesB. judgementsC. proceduresD. attitudes12. John was _________ leaking information to a foreign company.A. suspected ofB. suspicious ofC. doubted aboutD. doubtful about13. The _________ physicist has been challenged by his colleagues.A. respectingB. respectfulC. respectiveD. respected14. Newly woven baskets of this kind often _________ a strange smell.A. give awayB. give overC. give offD. give up15. I'm rather confused; would you please _________ your proposal to me again?A. exposeB. expandC. explainD. exploreII. CLOZEFill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)Most living things undergo two types of biological change during their lifetime. One is 16 , an increase in the size or efficiency of an organism. The other is aging, which involves a decrease in size or efficiency.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第2页（共11页）Signs of aging begin to 17 in most people between the age of 30 and40. Heredity determines most of the ways a person changes while aging, but environment also 18 . Graying hair is probably the most common sign of aging. All the senses decline with age. For example, the eyes lose their ability to adapt 19 darkness, and they require brighter light for reading.Movement becomes harder with age. By age 80, about half the muscle cells have been replaced by other kinds of tissue. In women 20 , bones lose calcium and become more likely to 21 . As a person ages, the body's ability to combat infection declines. This change occurs because the white blood cells of 22 is called the body's immune system lose their 23 function.Many people believe that with advancing age, an individual loses the ability to learn, remember, and make decisions. But 24 disease or injury damages the brain, a healthy elderly person who 25 active probably suffers no serious decline in 26 ability.No one completely understands the aging process. Some scientists 27 that human aging will ever be controlled. Others believe that aging can be 28 . Usually, normal human cells can be kept 29 in a laboratory for only a limited time. But 30 cells, such as various kinds of cancer cells, can live for a long time. If scientists can determine how such cells survive, they may gain an insight into the process of cell aging.16. A. to grow B. growth C. to be born D. birth17. A. take place B. get worse C. appear D. drop18. A. plays a role B. leads a way C. makes a decision D. offers a chance19. A. in B. with C. for D. to20. A. especially B. specially C. exceptionally D. specifically21. A. split B. hurt C. crack D. break22. A. which B. what C. that D. it23. A. protective B. productive C. selective D. detective24. A. till B. if C. besides D. unless25. A. extends B. expands C. remains D. maintains26. A. mental B. physical C. visual D. social27. A. suspect B. fear C. doubt D. regret28. A. suppressed B. mastered C. ignored D. conquered29. A. lively B. alive C. living D. life浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第3页（共11页）30. A. inhuman B. irregular C. abnormal D. unusualⅢ. PARAPHRASINGChoose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)31. Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I had learned more back then about what really matters.A. Sometimes I feel happy that I was taught what is important at school.B. Sometimes I feel sorry that I didn't learn what is important at school.C. At times I feel resentful that I was not taught anything useful at school.D. At times I feel I should be thankful for those things I learned at school.32. In the way they all glared I could see how they'd come to hate my guts.A. I could see from their angry look that they disliked me very much.B. I could see from their quick look that they were impatient with me.C. I could see from their steady look that they were very curious about me.D. I could see from their confused look that they were shocked at my words.33. Only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip back home to bring one back to reality.A. A trip back home can help one remember his / her heritage.B. A trip back home can help one understand what life really is abroad.C. A trip back home can make one realize that home is the best place.D. A trip back home can make one realize the difficulties and problems there.34. You painters are a heartless lot.A. You painters are people with no mercy.B. You painters are people with no emotions.C. You painters are people unable to love anybody.D. You painters are people unable to understand others.35. Seeing me having a good time in repose, she was powerless to hide her disgust.A....she was unable to keep calm.B.... she was hopeless in self control.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第4页（共11页）C.... she couldn't help feeling powerless.D....she couldn't suppress her disapproval.36. The small hours found Mr. Maydig and Mr. Fotheringay outside under the moon.A. Towards morning, Mr. Maydig and Mr. Fotheringay walked outside to stay in the moonlight.B. Before midnight, people found Mr. Maydig and Mr. Fotheringay looking at the moon outside.C. After midnight, Mr. Maydig and Mr. Fotheringay were outdoors, with the moon above them.D. Late at night, Mr. Maydig and Mr. Fotheringay went outside to appreciate the beautifulmoonlight.37. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.A. I never do anything which is not good for health,...B. Whatever is good for health never comes to my mind,...C. I never do anything because it is said to be good for health,...D. Whatever I do is always decided by whether it is good for health,...38. There is a great deal to be said for the suburb.A. The suburb is much talked about.B. The suburb has a considerable advantage.C. It is a great deal better to live in the suburb than in the city.D. It is a great deal easier to talk about the suburb than to live there.39. Meeting after a long interval, friends are like a couple who began to dance again when the orchestra strikes up after a pause.A....their friendship will continue where it is left off.B....their friendship will turn into a romantic relationship.C. ... friends behave in a way as if they were dancing partners.D. ... friends become closer to each other as if they were a happy couple.40. I decided to give her a treat.A. I decided to treat her kindly.B. I decided to give her a day off.C. I decided to offer her some medical care.D. I decided to buy her something she liked.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第5页（共11页）IV. READING COMPREHENSIONRead the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)Passage 1A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may believe that he is not capable of accomplishing something even though there is no reason for it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make use of the most of his mental abilities, or he may accept another person's mistaken estimate of his ability. People advanced in years may be handicapped by the mistaken belief that they are incapable of learning anything new because of their age.A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be futile. He won't go at a job (尽全力工作) with the confidence necessary for success, and he won't work hard, even though he may think he is doing so. He is, therefore, likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence.Alfred Adler, a famous psychiatrist (精神病医生) , had an experience that illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic (算术) . His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought so that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they, too, developed the idea, "Isn't it too bad that Alfred can't do arithmetic?" He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, felt that it was useless to try, and ended up very poor at arithmetic, just as was expected.One day, however, he became very angry at the teacher and other students because they laughed when he said he knew how to do a problem, which none of the other students had been able to work out.Alfred succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn't do arithmetic and was determined to show others that he could. His anger and his newly found confidence stimulated him to be at arithmetic problems with a new vigor. He worked with interest, determination, and purpose. Before long he became extraordinarily good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he could do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with all his heart he may astonish himself as well as others with his ability.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第6页（共11页）This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have. Lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one's ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.41. The word "futile" in Paragraph 2 probably means________.A. unnecessaryB. uselessC. unimportantD. aimless42. Both Alfred's teacher and his parents thought Alfred________.A. had no confidence in himselfB. was lazy in studyC. had no interest in arithmeticD. was slow in arithmetic43. Why did Alfred become angry one day?A. Because he couldn't work out the arithmetic problem.B. Because the teacher didn't show him the arithmetic problem.C. Because he was challenged to solve a difficult arithmetic problem.D. Because no one believed that he could solve the arithmetic problem.44. According to the passage, a person is likely to fail if________.A. he doesn't work hardB. he is too old to learn anythingC. he doesn't have enough knowledgeD. he has accepted a mistaken belief of his ability45. What does Alfred Adler's story tell us?A. Our failures are often caused by our lack of ability.B. Arithmetic is actually not as hard as it seems to be.C. Some teachers expect too much from their students.D. Our self-judgement may have a negative effect on our success.Passage 2When the French Institute in Haiti (海地) asked me to speak on a subject of my own choice, I picked heroism. It's a subject I know well. I've read many books about it.I spoke of some well-known heroes. I suggested that I was something of a hero myself. Then I told how the hero, in the face of danger, discovers all the great, lasting values of life.When I left the platform, a gentleman came to me. "Great lecture," he said. "I'm Doctor浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第7页（共11页）Bonbon. I've been asked to make your stay here as pleasant as possible. Would you like to go hunting sharks with me? You seem to enjoy facin danger."I accepted gladly. I saw myself struggling with a huge fish on my rod ...I was to speak again the next afternoon. So we agreed to start early in the morning."By the way," the doctor said as we set out, "you should try out your coucteau.”"My... what？""Your snorkel (潜水呼吸管) . You need to breathe. I'll show you how to work the underwater gun too. What's the matter? Something wrong?"I had to sit down. I tried to tell myself it wasn't so. But there was no doubt about it. I wasn't to fish with a rod. I was to go right down into the water. I opened my mouth to protest ..."You know," the doctor said, "I can't tell you how much we all enjoyed your lecture on courage."I said nothing. There are times when you have to protect your means of earning a living. I was known as a good speaker. If I had to be eaten by sharks to keep my reputation, I was ready. I put on my mask."Now put on the lead belt. It will get you down there instantly," the doctor said. "They'll go down with you." He pointed to the four big men on board.Bodyguards, I thought with relief."They're the beaters (轰赶猎物的人) ," the doctor said. "They'll go ahead and drive the sharks toward you. Then all you have to do is shoot." I didn't have the courage to object. They helped me over the side.At the bottom the first thing I saw was a big fish. I screamed.I can't quite remember what followed. All I know is that, contrary to what I had said in my lecture, in the face of danger the hero does not discover the great values of life. At last I opened my eyes again. The big fish was gone.I tried to retum to the surface. Then I saw a huge form above my head. I seized my gun. I closed my eyes and pressed the trigger.The gun was torn from me.In seconds I was at the surface. Luckily, the boat was near. I was on board in an instant."Where's your gun?" asked the doctor.浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第8页（共11页）I explained that I had hit a shark. The beast had torn the weapon from my hands.The four big men were climbing back into the boat now. One of them had my gun. He spoke to the doctor in his native language."It seems," the doctor said to me, "that you shot at the hull of the boat."He was trying to suggest that I had mistaken the boat passing over my head for a shark. The very idea!When I stepped to the platform that afternoon, Doctor Bonbon was sitting in the front row. But I didn't let his mocking stare disturb me. I was determined to rise once more to the level of my subject."Ladies and gentlemen," I began, "when the hero finds himself facing danger, the first thing he discovers ..."46. When he was told that he was to go down into the water, the writer had to sit down probably because ________ .A. he could not control his shaking legsB. he wanted to have a better look at the waterC. he wanted to get ready for the underwater adventureD. he could not help asking Doctor Bonbon some questions47. What happened under the water?A. He shot at a shark.B. He shot at the boat.C. He was attacked by a shark.D. His gun was torn away by a shark.48. In the sentence "But I didn't let his mocking stare disturb me." the word "mocking" could be replaced by ________ .A. amusingB. sneeringC. concerningD. encouraging49. The afternoon speech probably opened in this way, "When the hero finds himself facing danger, the first thing he discovers ________ ."A. is his true selfB. is the life valueC. is his wrong concept of heroismD. is the challenge from other people浙00795#综合英语(二)试卷第9页（共11页）50. The story was told in the tone of ________ .A. seriousnessB. admirationC. humourD. criticismV. WORD DERIV ATIONComplete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. Write your word on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all) 51. The young speaker smiled to the audience ________ as he walked into the lecture hall. (humble)52. When I replied that I did not have any aptitude for salesmanship, she turned her eyes away from me, greatly ________ . (disappoint)53. After they had worked a few miracles, their imagination increased, and their ambition________ . (large)54. My mother believed that I was blessed with a rare ________ to make something of myself. (determine)55. Alex was almost ________ with anger and despair when our team lost the game. (speech)56. The local government gained ________ control of the area after the UN peace-keeping forces left. (effect)57. What caused the ________ of the first world war? (break, out)58. Some newspapers often fail to respect pop icons' right to ________ . (private)59. The homeless child was once treated as a ________ by the owner of a restaurant in the town. (beg)60. The airport control tower kept postponing the ________ of our plane, which annoyed us greatly. (depart)VI. SENTENCE TRANSLATIONTranslate the following sentences into English and write your sentenceson the answer sheet. (3 points each, 15 points in all)6 1．我的计算机肯定有问题了，今天我得请人把它修好。

2011年4月自学词汇学真题及答案

2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题课程代码:00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. The development of English vocabulary can be divided into the following particular historical period EXCEPT ______. ( C )2.2-25A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. New EnglishD. Modern English2. The definition of a word comprises the following points ______ . ( D )1.1-7(1) a minimal free form of a language(2) a sound unity(3) a unit of meaning(4) a form that can function alone in a sentenceA. (1) and (2)B. (1) (2) and (3)C. (2) (3) and (4)D. (1) (2) (3) and (4)3. Words of the basic word stock can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes, e.g. foot is the father of football, footage and footprint. This demonstrates that one ofthe characteristics of the words of the basic stock is ______ .( A )1.5.1-12A. productivityB. polysemyC. stabilityD. collocability4. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East, and ______ . ( A )2.1-23A. IndiaB. the Far EastC. the West AsiaD. America5. In the early period of Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient Greek and ______ classics. This is known in history as the Renaissance. ( C )2.2.3-28A. IndiaB. GermanC. RomanD. Chinese6. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( B )2.2-33-34A. Old English was a highly inflected language.B. In early Middle English period, English, Latin and Celtic existed side by side.C. The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of modern English period.D. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word-formation.7. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is______.( A )3.1-38A. morphemeB. affixesC. rootD. stem8. There is/are ______ monomorphemic word(s) in the following words: hot, dog, feet, matches.( B )3.2-38A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 49. The plural morpheme "-s" is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT ______.( B )3.2-38A. packsB. bagsC. cheatsD. ships10. 30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English vocabulary are produced through ______ .( A )4-45A. affixationB. clippingC. compoundingD. shortening11. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called ______. ( D )4.3-56A. prefixationB. suffixationC. acronymyD. conversion12. The method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes is called ______. ( A )4.7-67A. back-formationB. clippingC. blendingD. suffixation13. ______ accounts for the connection between the linguistic symboland its meaning. ( B )5.2-83A. SenseB. MotivationC. ConceptD. Reference14. By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a particular word is related to its origin.( D )5.2.4-85A. onomatopoeicB. morphologicalC. semanticD. etymological15. In English there are ______ types of motivation that concerns the relationship between the sign and meaning. ( C )5.2-83A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 516. What is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages?( D )6.1-95A. Suffixation.B. Variation.C. Allomorph.D. Polysemy.17. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the ______ field of ‘colours’. ( B )6.6-120A. stylisticB. semanticC. ellipticD. syntactic18. What is applicable to contradictory terms of some antonyms may NOT be applicable to their ______ terms? ( C )6.4.1-114A. connotativeB. collocativeC. relativeD. negative19. When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is______ accordingly.( B )7.1.2-137-138A. relatedB. narrowedC. createdD. suggested20. Which of the following words was used during the American Civil War to refer to those northerners who were secretly aiding the South? ( D )7.2.1-143A. Rattlesnake.B. Villain.C. Informer.D. Copperhead.21. People change word-meaning owing to various ______ motives: love, respect, courtesy, suspicion, pessimism, sarcasm, irony, contempt, hatred, etc. ( A ) 7.2.1-143A. psychologicalB. socialC. communicativeD. lexical22. In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as ______ context. ( B )8.1-149A. non-linguisticB. linguisticC. grammaticalD. lexical23. Which of the following is one of the main functions of verbal context? ( D ) 8.2-154A. Elimination of ambiguity.B. Indication for referents.C. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D. All the above.24. Which of the following is NOT true about extra-linguistic context? ( A )8.1-149A. It can be subdivided into grammatical context and non-linguistic context.B. It refers to physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C. It embraces the people, time and place.D. It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.25. The idiom "fall into good hands" is a ______ as far as figures of speech are concerned.( A )9.3.2-175A. synecdocheB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification26. "Flesh and blood" is an idiom ______ in nature. ( B )9.2.1-166A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial27. The change of idiom "velvet paws" from the original form is______.( D )9.3.3-177A. replacementB. position-shiftingC. additionD. shortening28. American dictionaries generally use ______ to mark the pronunciation. ( D )10.2.2-192A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster's Phonetic Alphabet29. Which of the following dictionaries is NOT a specialized dictionary? ( B )10.1.4-188A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopaedic English DictionaryC. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms30. Usage notes of the dictionary explain ______. ( D )10.2.2-193A. the slight difference between words of similar meaningsB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. important British and American differencesD. all the aboveII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15 % )31. The general estimate of the present-day English vocabulary is over one __million_______ words.1.4-1032. At the end of 6th century, Latin-speaking missionaries under St. Augustine came to spread Christianity in Britain. It brought many new ideas and customs and also many __religious_______ terms such as abbot, candle, altar, etc.2.2.1-2533. The forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function are __affixes_______.3.3.2-4034. The process of changing the word "possible" into "impossible" is called ___prefixation______.4.1-4635. The synonymous pair "die —pass away" has the same __concept_______ but different stylistic values.5.1.2-8336. Semantically, all __words_______ are related in one way or another.6-9537. Fortuitous formerly denoted 'happening by chance', 'accidental' and later took on the meaning 'fortunate' probably by __analogy_______ because the two words look similar.7.2.2-14538. The sentence "He is a hard businessman" is ambiguous due to___polysemy______.8.2.1-15539. The characteristic of idioms —__semantic_______ unity can be reflected by the understanding of such idiom as "rain cats and dogs".9.1.1-16340. Definition, extra column and usage __examples_______ are the unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary(1987).10.3.2-199III. Define the following terms. (15%)41. jargon 1.5.1-13答案：Jargon refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves.42. derivational affix 3.3.2-41答案：Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. Derivational affixes can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes.43. grammatical meaning5.3.1-86答案：Grammatical meanings refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs), singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms (forget, forgets, forgot, forgotten, forgetting ).44. associated transfer 7.1.4-140答案：A term used in relation to changes in word in which the meaning is transferred through association.45. variations of idioms 9.3.3-176答案：When idioms are used in actual context, they do experience grammatical changes such as different forms of verbs, agreement of personal pronouns and number and so on. Occasionally, we may find changes in constituents of idioms: addition, deletion, replacement,position-shifting, dismembering, etc.IV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )46. leorn→ian→lern→en→learnAbove is the change of "learn" from Old English through Middle English to Modern English.What can you conclude from the viewpoint of the development of English vocabulary?2.2.3-29答案：In modern English, word endings were mostly lost with just a few exceptions. It can be concluded that English has evolved from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present analytic language.47. Both initialisms and acronyms are formed to a certain extent from initial letters. Is there any difference between them? Illustrate your point with examples.4.6-65答案：Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms,depending on the pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter. Such as OA,BBC,TV. British Broadcasting Corporation, Acronyms are words formed from initial letters but pronounced as a normal word, for example AIDS(acquired immune deficiency syndrome), TERL(teaching English as a foreign language),N-bomb(nuclear bomb), G-man(Government man).48. What is the appropriate antonym for acute in the following statement?6.4.2-114She got an acute pain in her back.答案：The appropriate antonym for acute in “She got an acute pain in her back” is dull.49. What are contextual clues?Guess the meaning of the word underlined in the following sentence and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning.8.2.3-157(a) Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor B irdwhistell.(b) It's just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors — those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as "silicon chips".答案：Context may prove extremely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. In many cases, when a new word (thought to be) appears for the first time, the author generally manages to give hints which might help the readers to grasp the concept or understand the idea.(a) Definition . the study of body movement(b) Explanation . the tiny parts of a computer commonly known as “silicon chips”V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )50. Comment on the following groups to illustrate the difference between partial and full conversion.Group 1: "white — a white, final — finals"Group 2: "rich — the rich, wounded — the wounded" 4.3-58答案：It is not unusual to have nouns converted from adjectives. Unlike verbs, not all adjectives which are converted can achieve a full noun status. Some are completely converted，thus known as full conversion, others are only partially converted, hence partial conversion.Group 1: A noun fully converted from an adjective has all the characteristics of nouns. It can take an indefinite article or -(e) sto indicate singular or plural number. "white —a white, final —finals" arecommon adjectives.Group 2: Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with definite articles. What's more, they retain some of the adjective features, for example, the poor, the rich , the youngs the -wounded, the poorer, the more affluent , the most corrupt . the young = young people, the wounded = wounded soldiers.51. Analyze and comment on the meanings of the following sentences and then find out the right antonyms for each fast respectively.[A] My god, look, this clock is one hour fast, as if we were at Tokyo.[B] The colors aren't fast, so be careful when you wash this shirt.[C] The delegation paid a fast visit to the United Kingdom last month.6.4.2-114答案：A word which has more than one meaning can have more than one antonym.Sentence [A] means the clock is one hour ahead of the local time, and the right antonym of fast is slow.Sentence [B] means the colors are resistant to destruction of fading, and the right antonym of ward fast is loose.Sentence [C] means the visit was accomplished in relatively little time, and the right antonym of fast is long.。

全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语及答案

全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语及答案全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语及答案课程代码：05844Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese. (10%)1. in a detour 迂回2. competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值3. consignor 寄售人4. customer mobility 客户流动性5. escape clauses 豁免条款6. share holders 股东7. potential loss 潜在损失8. carrying vessel 运载船只9. negligent 粗心大意10. specific duty 从量税Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English. (10%)11.债权国 The credit country12.国际合同 International contract13.定期付款/分阶段付款 Term payment14.被保险人 The insured15.人口计划 The population plan16.特惠税 The preferential duty17.基础设施项目 Infrastructure construction project18.装箱单 Shipping list19.破产 Disrupted20.土地和劳动力 Land and labor forceⅢ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. (10%)21. facilities( d )a. the price or cost of transportation22. premises( g ) b. easily to go bad23. middleman( f ) c. not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon24. perishable ( b ) d. something designed, built or installed to serve a specificfunction or perform a particular service25. access( j ) e. the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26. controversy( i ) f. trader through whom goods pass between the producer andthe customer27. carriage( a ) g. a tract of land including its buildings28. settlement( e ) h. an official group of persons who direct or supervise someactivities of a firm29. board( h ) i. public argument about something which many peopledisagree with30. cancel( c ) j. a way by which a place, esp. property can be reached orentered or usedⅣ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English. (10%)31. term draft 远期汇票A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32. transferable credit 可转让信用证Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.33. direct quote 直接报价A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.34. acquisition 收购Buying existing facilities35. GATT 关税和贸易总协定The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V. Answer the following questions in English. (20%)36. What are thefive major modes of the modern freight transportation system?Water, air, road, rail, pipeline37. What do “valued” policies mean?Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.38. What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive.Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese. (15%)40. The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promotethe cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.国际结算银行是一个独特的机构。

自考英语翻译的试题及答案

自考英语翻译的试题及答案自考英语翻译试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. The book is said ________ a best-seller.A. to writeB. to beC. writingD. being答案：B解析：本题考查固定搭配 be said to be，表示“据说是”。

2. He is ________ to win the first prize.A. likelyB. probableC. possiblyD. perhaps答案：A解析：本题考查形容词的用法，likely 表示“有可能的”，常用于人作主语的句子中。

3. The teacher asked the students ________ during the exam.A. not to cheatB. to not cheatC. not cheatD. don’t cheat答案：A解析：本题考查否定词的位置，not to do 在ask之后的否定祈使句中表示“不要做某事”。

4. She ________ the window and went out.A. closedB. was closingC. has closedD. had closed答案：A解析：本题考查时态的用法，根据句中的and连接的并列结构went out，可知前面的动作是先发生的，因此使用一般过去时。

5. The letter is said ________ to you this week.A. to sendB. to be sentC. sendingD. being sent答案：B解析：本题考查被动语态的构成，be said to be done 表示“据说将被”。

二、阅读理解（每题3分，共15分）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

In the small town of Greenfield, there is a beautiful park where people often go to relax. The park has a large lake, and around the lake, there are many benches where people cansit and enjoy the view. The park is also home to a variety of animals, including ducks, squirrels, and rabbits. Every morning, the park comes to life with the sound of birds singing.The local government has recently decided to improve the facilities in the park. They have built a new children's playground and have also installed new exercise equipment for the elderly. These changes have been welcomed by the residents of Greenfield.However, there has been some controversy over the decision to cut down some trees to make space for the new playground. Some residents feel that the trees are an important part of the park's natural beauty and should be preserved. The local government has promised to plant more trees in other parts of the park to compensate for the loss.6. What is the main purpose of the park in Greenfield?A. To provide a place for children to play.B. To offer a place for relaxation and enjoyment.C. To serve as a habitat for animals.D. To host community events.答案：B7. What has the local government done to improve the park?A. They have built a new children's playground.B. They have removed all the benches.C. They have filled the lake with water.D. They have banned animals from the park.答案：A8. What has caused controversy among the residents?A. The construction of the new playground.B. The installation of exercise equipment.C. The cutting down of some trees.D. The singing of birds in the morning.答案：C9. How has the local government responded to the controversy?A. They have stopped the construction.B. They have promised to plant more trees.C. They have decided to move the playground.D. They have ignored the residents' concerns.答案：B10. What is true about the park according to the passage?A. It has no benches around the lake.B. It is not visited by any animals.C. It is a silent place in the morning.D. It is a place where people can sit and enjoy the view.答案：D三、翻译题（英译汉，每题5分，共20分）11. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:"Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm."答案：成功是从一个失败走向另一个失败，却不失去热情的能力。

2011年4月自考英语翻译试题

2011年4月自考英语翻译试题全国2011年4月自学考试英语翻译试题课程代码:00087I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best translation of the original statement in terms of meaning and expressiveness. (Please write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.)1. A nation's greatest wealth is the industry of its people.(A)A.一个国家最大的财富就是民族工业。

B.一个国家最大的财富就是人民的勤劳。

C.一个民族最大的财富就是人民的工业。

D.一个民族最大的财富就是民众的兴旺。

2. Scientists are confident about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil.(D)A.科学家们确实知道煤是怎样形成的，但要是问他们石油是怎样形成的，他们似乎就不那么有把握了。

B.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油的形成时，他们好像没有那么确信。

C.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油是怎样形成的，似乎就不那么确信了。

B. It is mutual understanding which makes it possible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with one another.C. Only mutual understanding can be one way for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with one another.D. Mutual understanding is one way only for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with one another.7.这20年间，世界发生了翻天覆地的变化。

全国2011年4月自学考试综合英语(二)试题

全国2011年4月自学考试综合英语(二)试题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)一、课程代码：00795 (总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The idea of traveling through _________ space to other planets interests many people today. （分数：1.00）A.aB.theC./ √D.one解析：[解析] 本题考查冠词的用法。

space表示宇宙空间时，前面不加冠词。

2.I'd get the book for you _________ I could remember who last borrowed it.（分数：1.00）A.only ifB.if only √C.except thatD.in case that解析：[解析] 本题考查短语辨析。

if only要是……就好了；only if只要，只有；except that除……之外；in ease that如果。

根据句意可知，B项符合题意。

3.We had to get him to the hospital right away. Otherwise, it _________ too late.（分数：1.00）A.isB.will beC.wasD.would be √解析：[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。

otherwise在此相当于“if we didn't get...”，从句的动词为过去式，主句动词用“would+动词原形”，表示与现在事实相反。

4.I think your sister should know _________ to spend her money on fancy goods.（分数：1.00）A.other thanB.rather thanC.better than √D.more than解析：[解析] 本题考查固定搭配。

自考英语翻译历年真题

目录全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试 (10)全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 (12)全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试 (16)全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试 (18)全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试 (20)全国2009年4月自学考试英语翻译 (23)全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试 (26)全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试 (28)全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试 (31)全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试 (33)2000年4月全国英语英语翻译试卷、答案本试题分两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题，选择题20分，非选择题80分，满分100分。

考试时间150分钟。

全部题目用英文作答（英文翻译题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。

PART ONEⅠ.Multiple Choice Questions（20 points, 2 points for each）A、Directions:This part consists of five sentences, each followed by four different translations labeled A、B、C and D. Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.1.In the years that followed, Bill learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words.A.在以后的岁月里，比尔就这样学着拼写，并且学会了拼写许多单词，真叫人难以理解。

B.在往后的几年里，比尔就这样学着拼写，虽然不理解意思，却也学会了拼写许多单词。

C.在尔后的年月里，令人不解的是，比尔就这样学着拼写，居然也学会了拼写许多单词。

2011年4月自考真题文学类英语翻译

2012年考研英语翻译常见误区10课程代码：00087请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.(Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.)1. If machines really thought as men do, there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men.A. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕它们的理由就没有比怕人的理由多。

B. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。

C. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕人的理由就没有比怕它们的理由多。

D. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕人，正如没有理由怕它们一样。

2. James Bringley of Straffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village.A. 1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。

因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭，17岁那年，他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。

英语翻译试题及答案自考

英语翻译试题及答案自考英语翻译试题及答案（自考）一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. The word "phenomenon" can be translated into Chinese as:A. 现象B. 现象学C. 现象论D. 现象界答案：A2. The sentence "The company is undergoing a major restructuring." should be translated as:A. 公司正在进行重大改组。

B. 公司正在进行重大重建。

C. 公司正在进行重大重组。

D. 公司正在进行重大重建。

答案：C3. The phrase "to break the ice" is commonly used to mean:A. 打破冰层B. 打破僵局C. 打破沉默D. 打破纪录答案：B4. The idiom "to turn a blind eye" means:A. 睁一只眼闭一只眼B. 视而不见C. 转过头去D. 闭目塞听答案：B5. The expression "to hit the nail on the head" is equivalent to saying:A. 打中要害B. 打中目标C. 打中钉子D. 打中中心答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）根据所给中文，填写适当的英文单词或短语。

6. 他总是能够_________（一针见血）。

答案：hit the nail on the head7. 她_________（视而不见）了这个问题。

答案：turned a blind eye to8. 我们_________（打破僵局）之后，会议才得以顺利进行。

答案：broke the ice9. 这个_________（现象）引起了科学家们的极大兴趣。

2011年4月英语二试题参考答案

2011年4月英语二试题参考答案（部分试题）1. 1、You may use my bike( )you give it back to me tomorrow morning A:unless B:provided C:though D:because选Aunless2.He could not ( )his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to tluniversityA:hold up B:hold back C:get over D:get through选B，hold back 意思是“当他听到自己没有被大学录用的消息时他无法抑制自己的泪水”3.Good parents have the abiity to communicate messages of love,trust,an self-worth ()their childrenA:on B:for C:with D:to选Ccommunicate with 趋向于双方的互动4.The teacher required that all errors should be ()before the studenturn in their term paper A;deported B;eliminated C:deprived D:implemented选 B eliminated5.A person is lucky if his career ()with his interest and hobbyA:concerns B:competes C;coincides D:compares选C;coincides一个人的职业如果与兴趣和爱好一致是幸运的6.Our sleep influences our mood ,Our mood,()affects on performanceA;in return B:in vain Cin short D:in turn选 D in turn7.It was ()of you not to disturb us while we were sleepingA:considerate B:considering C:considerable D:considered答案：A。

2011年4月江苏自考英语2 答案解析

2011年4月江苏自考英语2 试题解析答案单选题：括号内的为选项单词请牢记单词并理解句子意思1.you may use my bike (A.unless) you give it back tomorrow morning2.he couldn't (B.hold back) his tears...3.good parents have the ability to coummunicate messages of love, trust, and self worth (C.with) their children.4.the teachers required that all errors should be (B.eliminated) before the....5.a person is lucky if his career (c.coindides) with his interest and hobby.6.our sleep influence our mood, our mood, (D.in turn), affects our performance.7. it was (A.considerate) of you not to disturbe us ....8. i'd appreciate it very much if you could make some (c.remarks) on my recent article.9. he is (A.so) absorbed in his own thoughts that ....10. No sooner (c.had I reached) home then Michael arrived with Jane in his car.II 完型填空本部分题目顺序不会换只有可能换选项顺序，请记住单词并注意考点和上下文。

全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题

全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码：00794请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I．用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其代码填写在答题纸上。

(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1. The general manager had his secretary ______ a joint conference yesterday.A. arrangeB. arrangingC. to arrangeD. arranged2. His brother doesn’t want ______ he’s going away from home.A. to be known thatB. it that to be knownC. it to be known thatD. that it to be known3. I didn’t know Jennie’s telephone number; otherwise I ______ her.A. had telephonedB. would have telephonedC. telephonedD. would telephone4. The question ______ tomorrow is whether this highway should be built.A. debatedB. to debateC. debatingD. to be debated5. Until then, Peter ______ from his family for more than six months.A. didn’t hearB. hadn’t heardC. hasn’t heardD. doesn’t hear6. So much ______ about her future job that she can’t sleep at night.A. she worriesB. that she worriesC. as does she worryD. does she worry7. He resented ______ the discussion that directly concerned his future.A. to be excluded fromB. to exclude fromC. being excluded fromD. excluding from8. ______ last week that they finished their report on the project.A. UntilB. It was untilC. Not untilD. It was not until9. Mary’s parents ______ to the movies without doing her homework.A. objected to her goingB. objected her to goC. were objected to her goingD. were objected her to go10. It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made.A. will not be startedB. is not startedC. not be startedD. not to be started11. It’s difficult to tell the twins ______ because they look exactly the same.A. apartB. alikeC. asideD. across12. The quality of life had improved ______ and there was a marked change in life style.A. consideratelyB. considerablyC. desperatelyD. essentially13. That Christmas Eve, he was too excited to sleep, and just pretended to, hoping to catch a ______ of Father Christmas.A. sightB. glimmerC. glimpseD. glare14. She turned down the invitation to the party as she had a(n) ______ at the office with a new client.A. appointmentB. arrangementC. assignmentD. promise15. Something in her had changed and this kept me from recognizing her ______ first glance.A. throughB. atC. withD. in16. This woman devotes herself ______ experimenting with new ways of teaching retarded children.A. toB. atC. intoD. over17. When she heard that her husband was killed in a gas explosion, she ______ tears.A. broke outB. ran intoC. burst intoD. came with18. For your safety and the safety of others, always ______ the traffic signals.A. take care ofB. pay attention toC. be aware ofD. look out19. The village head was criticized because he did not ______ immediate action to put the bird-flu under control.A. findB. produceC. takeD. use20. Resentment against your work seems to ______ from the fact that people don’t understand it.A. riseB. raiseC. arouseD. ariseII．认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

2011年4月高等教育自学考试《外贸英语写作》试题及参考答案范文大全

2011年4月高等教育自学考试《外贸英语写作》试题及参考答案范文大全第一篇：2011年4月高等教育自学考试《外贸英语写作》试题及参考答案2011年4月高等教育自学考试《外贸英语写作》试题及答案（课程代码：00097）请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Part One: Questions 1-20Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.（在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。

）20%1.Selling appliances and ______ them keep him busy.A.to repair C.repairingB.repaired D.repair2.Customers are very angry ______ the delay of the ordered goods.A.with C.toB.at D.from3.The television set that I ordered two months ago arrived today badly ______.A.breaking C.damagingB.broke D.damaged4.The foreign partner did not fulfill our order, ______.A.so did it intend to C.nor it intended toB.nor did it intend to D.so it intended to5.______ it is wise to invest in the new project is being discussed.A.Whether C.WeatherB.If D.What6.We regret ______ you that our research department will no longer provide rmed C.to informrm rming7.A resolution on employee representation is ______ for a vote tomorrow afternoon.A.presented C.presentingB.to present D.to be presented8.In socialist and capitalist economies ______, increasing numbers of highly qualified workers are unable to find jobs that require their skills and training.A.alike C.likelyB.like D.liking9.The turnover of the company in the second quarter was ______ that of the corresponding periodlast year.A.the same as C.more asB.as much than D.the same with10.It is not advisable that one ______ beyond one’s means.A.lived C.livesB.is living D.live11.______, the more likely you may come to a right solution.A.You more thoroughly consider a problem B.Most thoroughly a problem you consider C.The most thoroughly you consider a problem D.The more thoroughly you consider a problem12.Doctors recommend that everyone exercise every day, particularly those who spend many hours ______ sedentary work.A.to do C.doB.doing D.done13.If Mr.Li ______ Managing Director, the company would have been collapsed.A.would be C.isB.were D.had been14.We have till now ______ as many as 30 anti-dumping suits against foreign exporters.A.aroused C.raisedB.rose D.risen15.______ you mentioned in your letter in connection with the question of agency has had our attention.A.What C.WhenB.That D.Which16.We wish to know the port ______ the transhipment will be made.A.which C.whereB.at that D.when17.The company is making a market investigation in order to obtain ______ as possible.A.as many information C.as much informationB.as many informations D.as much informations18.______ generalists, business also needs specialists.A.BesideC.ExceptB.Besides D.Except for19.The computer will ______ in this department.A.remain permanently C.remind permanently20.The engine of your car needs ______.A.to clean C.cleaningPart Two: Questions 21-30There is one mistake in each of the following questions.Detect and correct the mistakes.Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the answer sheet.（下列每句各有一个错误，找出错误并改正。