Global Management for driving school
国际经贸高级英语
《国际经贸高级英语(精读与翻译)》参考答案罗汉主编key to ExercisesUnit OneⅠ/1. the accumulation of physical capital indispensable to economic growth2. to import advanced equipment and know-how from abroad3. license trade accounting for 90 per cent of the total volumeof the world s trade of technology4. lack of human capital reflected in economic development5. the great impact of high technology on the adjustment of industries6. key factors driving economic growth7. the transformation from an agricultural nation into an industrial one8. the tangible and intangible factors making up the total factor productivity growth9. the improvement of educational systems lurking in technological progress10. the ratio of capital to labour in this industry11. expand the labour force and increase its education and training12. the role of the R&D department in the operations of multinational corporations13. a study report analyzing variations in technical progress across a large number of countries14. to incorporate quantity and models into economic analysis15. great gap in incomes between developed and developing nationsⅡ/1. Many economists attributed the rapid economic growth rate of someland desiring areas, such as HongKong and Singapore, to the enhancement of educational levels of their population. Based on this, they drew their conclusion that knowledge is the key to their economic development.2. In the 1960s, on the basis of importing much sophisticated technology andknow how from developed countries, Japan expanded its e conomy in large scales, enabling its economy to keep up with the most advanced level of the world in 20 years.3. The development of new economic theories has raised many subjects to statistics. For example, high rates of school enrollment may not translate into high rates of economic growth if the quality of education is poor, or if educated people are not employed at their potential because of distortion in the labor market.4. In 1994, after a long period of investigation and research, the famous economist Krugman presented a study report analyzing variations in technical progress across a large number of countries. He said in the report that the economic development of Asia was not based on the progress of technology, so the economy contained much foam in it. Three years later, the sudden break out of southeast Asian Economic Crisis verified his conclusion.5. People haven't hitherto come up with an ideal method to put a value on science and technology, for it is intangible to some degree.Ⅲ. In the information age, knowledge, rather than physical assets or resources, is the key to competitiveness. This is as true for the obviously konwledge intensive sectors,such as software or biotechnology, as it is for industrial age manufacturing companies or utilities.For the knowledge intensive sectors,knowledge which feeds through from research and development to innovative products and processes is the critical element. Butwith industrial age manufacturing companies or utilities, using knowledge aboutcustomers to improve service is what counts.What is new about attitudes to knowledge today is the recognition of the need to harness, manage and use it like any other asset. This raises issues not only of appropriate processes and systems, but also of how to account for knowledge in the balance sheet.In future, the value of intellectual capital will be more widely measured and reported. The measurement and reporting of key performance indicators related to intellectual capital will become a more widespread practice among major organizations, completing the financial accounts.Unit TwoⅠ/1. to crack the FORTUNE Global 5002. a collective enterprise supervised by workers3. be pessimistic about the factory s ability to absorb technology4. the incorporation (mix)of foreign management practices and Chinese nationalism5. a leading guru of Japanese quality control6. to transfer the management concepts to new acquisitions7. the dominant position in China s refrigerator market8. a case study of the management art9. to let shoddy products released to the market in large quantities10. to set the stage for the renovation of the enterprise11. the wholly-owned companies and holding companies under the control of the parent company12. to soak up the laid-offs released from state owned companies13. to sell modern refrigerator making technolog y to the factory14. the state-owned enterprises accounting for the majority of industrial enterprises15. the development of domestic pillar industriesⅡ/1. Although this joint venture has been growing very fast, it still has a long way to go to realize its goal of cracking the Fortune Global 500.2. Haier once tried to place the sample products in sight of the assembly line workers to improve the quality of the products, but now it has outgrown thispractice.3. In the early 1980s, out of every 1000 urban Chinese households, there were only two or three that owned refrigerators. With the enhancement of people's livingstandard, refrigerators have become the first big item in the households buy of many families.4. The company has 70 subsidiaries around the world, one third of which arewholly-owned, with their products sold to 108 countries and areas. In recent years, it has averaged an increase of 50% a year in revenues.5. The rapid development of collective and private enterprises will help to soak up the labour force released from poorly operated state-owned enterprises and to relieve the nation's employment burden.Ⅲ. Many managers feel uncomfortable if not actively involved in accomplishing a given job. This is said to result from a“low tolerance for ambiguity”. The manager desires to know what is happening on a moment by moment basis. A wise manager should know clearly what work must be delegated, and train employees to do it. If after training, an employee is truly unable to perform the work, then replacement should be considered. A manager should avoid reverse delegation.This happens when an employee brings a decision to the manager that the employee should make. An acceptance of reverse delegation can increase the manager'swork load and the employee is encouraged to become more dependent on the boss. Unit ThreeⅠ/1. to issue a vast amount of short term government bonds2. plenty of capital inflow to the security market in the recent period3. the preference of investors to the inflation protected treasury bonds4. to decrease the risk by hedging5. diversified portfolio6. to reach more than 50% of the initial public offering7. dilution of securities caused by the distribution of shares8. the trigger event that causes the imploding on market index9. short maturity U.S. government and corporate fixed income secu r ities10. real assets like commodities and real estate11. to avoid insider-trading charges through legal windows12. some trigger events that will charge the interest rate in the capital market13. reflect investors' wary view of the market14. shepherd the funds every step of the way15. the agriculture bonds that come back in the stock marketⅡ/1. During the past several months, the interest rate and the exchange rate have fluctuated greatly, which has brought enormous loss to many investors. But this institution overrode the adverse factors in the market and still obtained a big profit by wise hedging investments.2. The diversification of portfolio can decrease the non-systematic riskof individual securities in the portfolio efficiently, but it is unable to remove the systematic risk of the market.3. During the period of high inflation in capitalist countries between the late 1960s and late 1970s, many people tended to convert their money incomes into goods or real estate.4. One of the Bundesbank council members said that the central bank is under no immediate pressure to cut interest rates and that it needs more time to study the economic data before making a decision.5. Many experts consider that the interest rates would trend higher, because, although it is true that there is not much inflation now, wage inflation is evidentand the entire economy is in such high gear right now.Ⅲ. For all the similarities between the 1929 and 1987 stock market crashes, there are one or two vital differences. The most important of these was the reaction of the financial authorities. In 1929, the US Federal Reserve reacted to the crash by raising interest rates, effectively clamping down on credit. This caused manyotherwise healthy companies to fail simply due to cash flow problems. If onecompany failed leaving debts, many others down the line would meet the same fate. In 1987, the authorities were quick to lower interest rates and to ensure that ample credit was made available to help institutions overcome their difficulties. There were no widespread business failures and, more importantly, the economy did not enter another depression. There was a period of recession(milder than a 1930s-style depression), but this was largely due to a resurgence of inflation. The sharp interest rate cuts, and excessively hasty financial deregulation, pushed inflation higher, which in turn forced governments to reverse earlier interest rate cuts, prompting an economic slow-down.Unit FourⅠ/1. to rely heavily on monetary flexibility to reign in inflation2. to execute tight monetary policy3. to implement fiscal policy in the form of social insurance and national taxes4. to pour into economically expanding regions5. to replace their individual currencies with a single currency6. to bode well for the future of the EMU7. to control government deficits to meet Maastricht conditions8. the overvalued currency as a main barrier to export9. to refrain from dumping surplus goods abroad10. the influence of integrated economy on capital flow11. the balance-of-payments deficit warranting the devaluation policy adopted by the monetary authority12. to eliminate the economic costs associated with holding multiple currencies13. costs that must be taken into account when estimating profits14. to take advantage of the small difference between the central bank's pegged rates and market rates15. to hedge against risks coming from volatile exchange ratesⅡ/1. Ironically, Europe will see an increase in economic specialization along with the European unification process.2. The European Central Bank will face a dilemma when two member countries both badly need certain monetary policies to regulate their economies but the policies they need are of opposite directions.3. A person will be called an“arbitrageur"if, to gain profits, he takes advantage of the different exchange rates on different markets, or at different times on a same market.4. The national economies of many European countries have recently been forced to fit Maastricht conditions and arbitrary deadlines, and such actions have created unnecessary economic turmoils.5. As a central bank, the Federal Reserve System currently uses its control over the money supply to keep the national inflation rates low and to expand national economies in recession.Ⅲ. Even before construction of the euro is complete, governments can point to one notable success. The past year has seen extraordinary turmoil in global financial markets. Rich country stock markets and currencies have not been spared. Yet Europe has been, comparatively speaking, a safe haven, Intra-European movements in exchange rates have been tiny. This is something that the euro-11 governments had committed themselves to, but their success could not have been taken for granted a year ago. The fact is, at a time of unprecedented financial turbulence, theforeign exchange markets regarded the promise to stabilize intra-European exchange rates as credible. Currencies have held steady and interest rates have converged: it augurs well for the transition to the new system.Unit FiveⅠ/1. a major engine of growth in Asian economy2. the structural weakness in South Korea's financial system3. to execute economic policies which adhere to IMF-aid programs4. a sharp decline in the price competitiveness of that country's exports5. the slump in the Japanese stock market6. a more advantageous position than its rivals in terms of price competitiveness7. trade disputes sparked by price distortion8. the financial panic triggered by the devaluation of Japanese yen9. to stabilize the recently turbulent capital flows10. the advantageous position of industrial countries in the world trade system11. the serious welfare losses for all nations resulted from a full scale trade war12. a USD 58 billion bailout which South Korea was forced to seek from the IMF13. the great expenditure caused by huge government institutions14. technology intensive and knowledge intensive products with high competitiveness15. the country's economy which remains mired in recessionⅡ/1. While the Asian economy regained stability, the possibility of devaluation of the HongKong dollar will be an important variable affecting the recurrence of similar economic crises in Asia.2. In order to connect the improvement of price competitiveness brought about bythe currency depreciation to a better balance of payment, internationalcooperation is as essential as are internal reforms.3. The Asian financial crisis owing to the heavily indebted banking systems,excessive government spending and over reliance on foreign loans has damaged the world economy seriously.4. Some Japanese companies began to fall out of their over reliance on loansfrom the banking system, focusing on profits and cutting out wasteful spending.5. Erupted in July 1997, the Asian financial crisis reflected the defectsin the fragile financial systems of Asian countries.Ⅲ. Like death and taxes, international economic crises cannot be avoided. Theywill continue to occur as they have for centuries past. But the alarmingly rapid spread of the 1997 Asian crisis showed these economies' vulnerability to investor skittishness. Unfortunately, there is no international“911" that emerging markets can dial when facing economic collapse. Neither the IMF nor a new global financial architecture will make the world less dangerous. Instead, countries that want toavoid a rerun of the devastating 1997—98 crisis must learn to protect themselves. And liquidity is the key to financial self help. A country that has substantial international liquidity—large foreign currency reserves and a ready source offoreign currency loans—is less likely to be the object of a currency attack. Substantial liquidity also enables a country already under a speculative siege to defend itself better and make more orderly financial adjustments. The challenge is to find ways to increase liquidity at reasonable cost.Unit SixⅠ/1. capital flight depleting a country s foreign exchange reserves2. domestic hyperinflation caused by devaluation3. to adopt expansionary fiscal policy to increase national income4. be faced with the danger of increasingly shrinking aggregate demand5. capital market harassed by liquidity trap6. to rule out the possibility of massive speculative activities7. to drive down domestic prices at the expense of economic stagnation8. the international gold standard system characterized by fixed exchange rates9. the pressure of hot money flow on currencies10. the neoclassical theory centering on the spontaneous adjustments of market11. intelligent policy makers who will use variable means to achieve economic goals12. flexible fiscal and financial policies that can help the economy out of depression13. the different dilemmas that the developing countries and the mature economies are faced with14. to sacrifice full employment to achieve high output rate15. the increased demand for this currency that will lead to the devaluation of another currencyⅡ/1. The economic turmoil in that country made the central bank and the treasury department take each other to task, which reflected the importance of the collaboration of a country s monetary and fiscal policies.2. The government has now slipped into such a dilemma that if it wants toimprove its balance of payment, it will need to lower the exchange rate, but to lower the exchange rate will lead to inflation.3. Although devaluation will magnify exports, it can also lead to the increasing foreign curren cy denominated debt;it can even cause the collapse of people's confidence in the government. Therefore, the government did not dare to adopt the devaluation policy without careful consideration.4. The increase of foreign currency denominated debt is not necessarilythe indispensable cost of economic development. Because, although it may promote economic growth in the short run, it will increase the burden of domestic enterprises and lead to imbalanced balance of payment in the long run.5. Major capitalist countries had been seeing gold standard as a symbol of strong economic power, but they were forced to give it up for good during the Great Depression.Ⅲ. Troubled Asian Economies have turned out to have many policy and institutional weaknesses. But if America or Europe should get into trouble next year or the year after, we can be sure that in retrospect analysts will find equally damning things to say about Western values and institutions. And it is very hard to make the case that Asian policies were any worse in the 1990s than they had been in previous decades, so why did so much go so wrong so recently?The answer is that the world became vulnerable to its current travails not because economic policies had not been reformed, but because they had. Around the worldcountries responded to the very real flaws in post Depression policy regimes bymoving back toward a regime with many of the virtues of pre-Depressionfree-market capitalism. However, in bringing back the virtues of old fashioned capitalism, we also brought back some of its vices, most notably a vulnerability both toinstability and sustained economic slumps.Unit SevenⅠ/1. government reforms compatible with a country's development program2. lay emphasis on the resolution of government involvement3. the state induced transfer of wealth from the rich to the less fortunate4. to finance the development of public sectors5. a sharp decrease in the subsidy expenditure of a welfare state6. to minimize the public expenditure of this country7. the growth rate of gross fixed asset formation8. heavy interest obligations resulting from huge interest payments9. a certain share of shadow economy in the government performance10. to avoid increasing government spending and lowering the economic growth rates11. the benchmark to assess the scope for reducing the size of government12. be of growing importance in government reforms13. to facilitate adjustment to the new economic environment14. the detrimental short-run effects of reforms on some groups15. the protectionist and competitive devaluation policies administered by some industrial countriesⅡ/1. Over the years, opinions about the role of state have been changing, andpolitical institutions have been changing as well, to accommodate the demand for more state involvement in the economy.2. It's generally believed that even if welfare states cut down the hugewelfare expenditures, they can't necessarily solve their serious economic problems such as large budget deficits and hyperinflation.3. The government carried out the expansionary fiscal policy, which resulted inthe increase of budget deficits. To compensate the deficits, it should take certain measures, such as issuing bonds or increasing the money supply.4. Many industrial countries face the dilemma during their reforms between high inflation rates and low unemployment rates, so they must consider all around to minimize the losses.5. Radical reforms must aim at maintaining public sector objectives while reducing spending. In this process, the role of the government will change from the provider to the overseer or the regulator of activities.Ⅲ. Modern societies have accepted the view that governments must play a larger role in the economy and must pursue objectives such as income redistribution andincome maintenance. The clock cannot be set back and, in fact, it should not be. For the majority of citizens, the world is certainly a more welcoming place now than it was a century ago. However, we argue that most of the important social and economic gains can be achieved with a drastically lower level of public spendingthan that which prevails today. Perhaps the level of public spending does not needto be much higher than, say, 30 percent of GDP to achieve most of the importantsocial and economic objectives that justify government intervention. Achievingthis expenditure level would require radical reforms, a well-functioning private market, and an efficient regulatory role for the government.Unit EightⅠ/1. winds of reform in Japan s banking sector2. the amended Bank of Japan Law in line with the global standards for autonomy and transparency3. touch on the paramount goal in the sphere of monetary policies4. charge the central bank with maintaining price stability and nurturing a secure credit system5. generate unnecessary panics in the financial markets6. the execution of monetary policies independent of the bureaucracy7. the institutions in charge of formulating the interest rate policies8. a discount rate at a historical low of 0.5%9. to keep maintaining and nurturing the credit system in accordance with the state policy10. in the spheres of fiscal and monetary policies11. the new economic law entering force this year12. in the context of propelling economic reforms13. to strengthen the government s functions through fiscal policies14. key measures which have won confidence from the market15. the implementation of a merit based promotion systemⅡ/1. It is no overstatement to say that the bad accounts in Japan's banks have accumulated to a very high level.2. The central bank's quasi-bureaucratic status has stymied its normal operations, so many economists call for the enhancement of its autonomy in accordance with the global standards.3. It has been normal for bank shares to march in line with movements in net interest margins, which means bank shares tend to rise as net margins widen and fall as the latter narrow.4. Japan's bank shares are in a different position from their American counterparts: America s bank shares have already risen sharply thanks to the country's full-fledged economic recovery, while Japan's bank shares are still weak as the banks struggle to get to grips with their bad debts.5. Runs on the banks proliferated and a sharp fall in bank loans followed, before the non-performing loans, amounting to 30% of bank assets, were taken over by the state in 1997.Ⅲ. How fast Japan's financial system seems to be reforming. Barely a week goes by without news of another merger between Japan s huge but troubled financial firms. Deregulation is the spur. Three years ago the government announced a “Big Bang"for the country's financial-services industry. This would tear down firewallsthat had largely stopped insurance companies, banks and stockbrokers from competing in each other's patches. It was also meant to put an end to arbitrary, stiflingand often corrupt supervision.The biggest reason for deregulation in this way was that Japan's incestuous,Soviet'style financial system was hopelessly bad at allocating credit around the economy. The massive bad-loan problems that have plagued the country's banks for most of the 1990s are merely one symptom of an even bigger ill. Even so, there was wide spread scepticism that the government would go through with the cure. It deserves some credit, therefore, for largely sticking to its plans.Unit NineⅠ/1. the most commonly used measures of income distribution2. the shift from labour to capital markets3. specialization in production and the dispersion of specialized production processes4. the widening gap between the wages of skilled workers and those of unskilled workers5. new production techniques biased toward skilled labor6. economic inefficiency and distortions retarding growth7. sustainable growth and a viable balance of payments policy8. a broadly based, efficient and easily administered tax system9. reduce disparities in human capital across income groups10. targeted programs consistent with the macroeconomic framework11. constitutional rules on revenue sharing12. to promote equality of opportunities through deregulating economy13. cash compensation in lieu of subsidies14. stimulate the use of public resources and the overall economic growth15. take effective measures to promote employment and equityⅡ/1. Much of the debate about income distribution has centered on wage earnings, which have been identified as an important factor in the overall distribution of incomes. But in Africa and Latin America, unequal ownership of land is a factor that cannot be ignored.2. Globalization has linked the labor, product and capital markets of theeconomies around the world and has indirectly led to specialization in production and the dispersion of specialized production processes to geographically distant locations.3. Although fiscal policies are usually viewed as the principal vehicle for assisting low-income groups and those affected by reform programs, quite a number of countries have adopted specific labor market policies in an effort to influence income distribution.4. Measures governments can take to promote equality of opportunities include deregulating the economy;setting up strong and responsible institutions, including a well functioning judicial system;reducing opportunities for corrupt practices;and providing adequate access to health and education services.5. Another important issue is whether governments should focus on outcomes—such as decreasing the number of people living in poverty, or ensuring that all members of society have equal opportunities.Ⅲ. One theory on wealth distribution indicates that irrational distribution andcorruption are the major reasons for the uneven income level. According to this theory, wealth goes through four stages of distribution—the market, the government, non governmental organizations and unlawful activities, mainly corruption. Usually the first stage of distribution—the market—will result in an uneven spread of resources, which should be redressed by the second distribution stage, the government. In the third stage, the distribution of wealth is realized through contributions and donations made by non governmental organizations. The contributions are given to the poor in the form of charity activities. Thenfollows illegal grabbing of wealth, such as robbery, embezzlement, tax evasion andbribery. Their harm to social equality and stability is enormous and cannot really be measured.Unit TenⅠ/1. to facilitate the establishment of a new form of leadership in today's corporations2. to link a corporation's developing prospective to its present business performance3. companies which forge ahead in the rather changeable world economy4. to encourage domestic enterprises to seek out opportunities to enter foreign markets5. to instill development strategies of new products into employees at all levels6. to consider the promotion in the company the criteria to judge whether one is successful or not。
上海交通大学GFM全球时尚管理-艺术留学本科项目招生简章
GFM向学生传授专业的职业发展技能，提供一切资源帮助他
们获得成功。人才知道团队与企业保持紧密的战略合作关系，
并为企业和学生之间搭建无缝的平台，提供大量的就业和实
习机会。
此外，GFM拥有强大的行业渗透能力，在自身课程和教学中
注入最新的行业实践和专业技术。与企业的紧密联系使GFM
的学生毕业时就已完全为就业做好准备并马上能在工作中有
GFM 将设计， 作为一门管理学科来学习
学生设计师，通过学习管理、市场和经济科 学，从而明白他们对世界所担负的责任以及 人类所面临的问题。
GFM
GFM
时尚本身赋予了产品选择性和专属性，在消费者购买的同时，除了产品设 计本身的创造性，还将其融合了情感价值。 “GFM时尚管理学士” 不但是一门新兴的商学管理学科，也是一种对生活 的态度。
Graphic Novel创办人人
GFM
招生标准
招收： 在读高二高三学生 提前申请应届高中 历届高中毕业生 想继续深造的大一新生
专业不限，艺术文化类背景者优先
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个人标准1寸证件照4张（可先提供电子版）
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有效身份证件
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项目申请表（中/英文）
为中国时尚界培养最有敏锐的判断力，对报表、财务熟知 的，既理性又具有创造力的复合型时尚管理人才，并将针对该 项专业人才.建立全球时尚管理人才库以及互动平台，
无无国界教育 Education Without Borders
全球就业能力力 Global employment ability
2015年3月-7月 学生提交申请 预约面试 2015年9月-2016年6月 预科课程， 2016年6月 海外大学面试 2016年7月-8月 留学面签；签证 2016年9月-10月 海外注册入学 2019年中下旬 国际时尚管理学士
Knowledge Management Advances and Applications
Knowledge Management Advances and ApplicationsKnowledge management (KM) has made significant advances and applications in various fields, revolutionizing the way organizations handle and leverage their knowledge assets. From the early days of simply managing documents and information, KM has evolved into a strategic tool for driving innovation, improving decision-making, and enhancing organizational performance. This essay will explore the advances and applications of knowledge management from multiple perspectives, including its impact on business, technology, and society.From a business perspective, knowledge management has become a critical component of organizational success. By effectively capturing, organizing, and sharing knowledge, companies can gain a competitive edge in the marketplace. For example, through the use of knowledge management systems, organizations can streamline their internal processes, improve collaboration among employees, and ultimately deliver better products and services to their customers. Additionally, knowledge management enables companies to avoid reinventing the wheel by leveraging existing knowledge and expertise, leading to cost savings and increased efficiency.On the technological front, knowledge management has seen significant advancements in recent years. The development of sophisticated knowledge management tools and platforms has made it easier for organizations to collect, store, and access vast amounts of information. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms have also been integrated into knowledge management systems, allowing for advanced data analysis and predictive insights. These technological advances have not only made knowledge management more efficient but have also opened up new possibilities for leveraging knowledge in innovative ways.Moreover, knowledge management has had a profound impact on society as a whole. By enabling the sharing of knowledge and expertise, KM has facilitated collaboration and learning across different communities and cultures. For instance, in the academic and research fields, knowledge management has played a crucial role in advancing scientific discoveries and sharing valuable insights with the broader global community. Furthermore,in the healthcare sector, knowledge management has contributed to improved patient care by enabling medical professionals to access the latest research and best practices.Despite these advances and applications, knowledge management still faces challenges and limitations. One of the key challenges is the difficulty of capturing and codifying tacit knowledge, which is often deeply rooted in personal experience and intuition. Additionally, the sheer volume of information available today can make it overwhelming for organizations to effectively manage and utilize their knowledge assets. Furthermore, there are concerns about the security and privacy of sensitive knowledge, especially in the era of big data and cyber threats.In conclusion, the advances and applications of knowledge management have had a profound impact on business, technology, and society. By enabling organizations to effectively capture, organize, and leverage their knowledge assets, KM has become a strategic tool for driving innovation and improving performance. However, challenges still exist, and it is essential for organizations to continue evolving their knowledge management strategies to stay competitive in the rapidly changing global landscape.。
驾校管理系统的设计与实现【毕业作品】
BI YE SHE JI（20 届）驾校管理系统的设计与实现如今人们生活水平有了极大的提高，快节奏、高效率成为现代生活的需要。
与此同时，汽车成为生活出行不可或缺的交通工具，购买私家车的家庭也越来越多，考驾照的人员也急剧增加。
但是传统的驾校管理模式给驾校管理者带来巨大的工作量。
信息化的发展以及网络技术的普及，对网络驾校的实现提供了很大的有利条件。
我对当前驾校管理模式做了解，对驾校需求做了调研，并通过需求分析、项目策划、项目设计、项目测试、上线等，做出了一套驾校管理系统，该系统使用Visual Studio 2010作为开发环境，SQL Server2012作为数据储存，实现了学员报名，学员信息管理，学员查找，学员考试预约，自动接收考试成绩，成绩查询，等功能，同时提供了良好的系统扩展性，使用低廉的成本就可以进行二次开发。
该系统实现了驾校信息化管理，自动化管理。
减轻驾校管理人员的任务，提高工作效率，保证数据正确，提供多维度数据分析，并且减少雇佣人员费用。
关键字：驾校管理、ERP、C#、WinForm、SQL Server2012Today, people's living standard has been greatly improved, fast-paced, high-efficiency needs of modern life. Meanwhile, the car became an indispensable means of transport traveling life, buy a family car more and more, driving test personnel has increased dramatically. However, the traditional management model driving school Driving managers to bring huge workload. Development of information technology and the popularization of network technology, the network provides a great driving school to achieve favorable conditions.I do understand the current management model driving school, driving school needs to do research on, and through needs analysis, project planning, project design, project testing, on-line, etc., made a driving school management system, which as a developer using Visual Studio 2010 environment, SQL Server2012 as data storage, to achieve a student enrollment, student information management, students find, student exams appointment automatically receive test scores, query results, and other functions, while providing a good system scalability, low cost, you can use for secondary development. The system implements Driving information management, automated management. Ease the task of driving school management, improve work efficiency, and ensure data is correct, providing multi-dimensional data analysis, and reduce hiring personnel costs.Keywords: Driving management, ERP, C#, WinForm, SQL Server2012目录1.绪论 (1)1.1课题研究的背景及意义 (1)1.2现行驾校管理系统概况 (1)1.3 论文组织 (2)2.系统的理论基础 (3)2.1C#技术特点 (3)2.2SQL Server2012 技术特点 (3)2.3开发工具Visual Studio2012介绍 (5)3.系统分析 (6)3.1 设计思想 (6)3.2 系统可行性分析 (6)3.2.1技术可行性 (6)3.2.2经济可行性 (6)3.2.3操作可行性 (6)3.3需求分析 (7)3.3.1 基本功能需求 (7)3.3.2 预约名单的打印需求 (7)4.系统设计 (8)4.1 业务流程需求分析 (8)4.2系统架构需求分析 (8)4.3数据库设计 (9)5.系统的实现 (14)5.1部分源码说明 (14)5.1.1程序架构 (14)5.1.2数据库操作核心SqlHelp类 (14)5.1.3完美的登陆窗口 (18)5.1.4学员信息处理 (18)5.1.5科目一信息处理 (19)5.1.6科目二信息处理 (19)5.1.7科目三信息处理 (20)5.1.8数据的绑定 (21)5.1.9学员成绩查询 (21)5.1.10系统管理 (21)5.1.11引入外部dll (21)5.1.12数据绑定的那些事 (22)5.1.13报表打印数据来源所使用的存储过程 (22)5.2系统的功能展示 (24)5.2.1学员报名 (24)5.2.2学员管理 (25)5.2.3学员考试预约 (26)5.2.4预约成功学员信息打印 (27)5.2.5学员考试成绩查询 (28)6.总结与展望 (29)6.1 全文总结 (29)6.2 展望 (29)7.致谢 (30)8.参考文献 (31)1.绪论1.1课题研究的背景及意义随着社会节奏的不断加速以及人们生活水平的不断提高，汽车已经成为人们生活当中不可缺少的代步工具，相应参加汽车驾校进行培训的人员也越来越多。
办公室英语
48 AVM 49 B&P 50 B/D 51 B/F 52 B/M 53 B/S 54 BA 55 BA 56 BA&MI 57 BESTQ 58 BOM 59 BP 60 BS 61 BSC 62 BTL 63 BUS A-VES 64 C to C 65 C.F.R 66 C.I.F 67 C.I.P 68 C．O．P 69 C.P.T 70 C/C 71 C/R 72 C/T 73 CA 74 CAP 75 CAPEX 76 CBM 77 CBU 78 C-C 79 CCC
Cost Control Model Close Cycle Reduction Concept Communication Study Capital Expenditure Management Team Cash Flow Cash Flow Statement Cross function team Common Global Standard Cost Insurance and Freight Catalog Issue Plan Completely Knock Down Cash Management System Cost Monitoring System Chart of Account Company Investment Control Organization Process Corporate Planning Centralized Plastic Purchasing Chief Product Specialist Cost per Unit Credit Cost Reduction Cold Roll Customer Relation Management Customer Satisfaction Component Supply Chain Chart Customer Satisfaction Index Customer Satisfaction Officer Centralized Steel Purchasing C-Speed Customer Satisfaction-Vehicle Evaluation System Cycle Time Commercial Vehicle Chief Vehicle Engineer Continuous Valve Timing Control Delivered At Frontier Delivered Duty Paid Delivered Duty Unpaid Delivered Ex Quay Delivered Ex Ship Design Note Dealer Advice Board
马六甲驾驶学校管理系统【外文翻译】
外文翻译Malacca driving school management system MaterialSource:.my/index.php?option=com_docman&tas k=doc_details &gid=3347&Itemid=208 Author: SITI HAJAR SINTI ZAINAL ABSTRACTThe Malacca Driving School Management System (MDSMS) is developed mainly for driving school to manage the operation more efficient, easily to find data, record keeping more efficient and retrieve data faster. This system will be managed by the administrator and the clerk of the driving school company. The methodology of this system is Database Life Cycle (DBLC). An analysis study has been done based on the current manual system and all the problems statements and requirements have been identified. Moreover, interface MDSMS have been designed according to the requirement and need of the company. Only the administrator and the authorized staff only can access this system. This Malacca Driving School Management System will help to improve the performance of current situation and overcome the problems that arise nowadays.1.1 Project BackgroundMalacca Driving School Management System is a computerized system that is develops for driving school center. It manages various functions in managing and handling the driving school center. The driving school center provides the driving class for motorcycle, car, lorry, bus and others. This system is managed by a staff or admin at the center. The staff is responsible to register the new students, new staffs or instructor, calculations and payments and salary for the staffs. The problem comes when the records of students and staffs are increasing and it is not systematic anymore to keep all the data in the file systems anymore. There are data on 5 years operation of the driving school center kept in files that fill half of the room and may be there are 5 years of data to come and all the files have to be keep. Are the companies going to enlarge its building just to add room to store all this files? And how to keep it in order and securely where only the authorize staff can access it. Furthermore, if any unexpected incident or disaster happens, is the any back up for all this important information. So, the Malacca Driving School Management System will be developed as a solution for the entire problem. The Malacca DrivingSchool Management System will keep all the information of the daily driving school center operation which is from the instructor's records, staffs records to payment of the staff's salary. The Malacca Driving School Management System will keep track all of the operation information securely and orderly and even with backup. It is easy for searching and retrieving data, and making changes to all stored data. 1.2 Problem Statements As current system is a manual filing system, there are several problems that are state for the current system: i) Low data retrieval in searching Through the manual filing system, the data will be kept in file according to the year or company alphabetically. This may take time to search for the information needed in time as the staff may have to look the file one by one and other related file just to search for some information. For example, if the staff wants to search the address or details of their students, he or she has to search on every file, one by one. It will take a long time. ii) The redundancy of data and not consistency of data. In a manual file system usually there are data redundancy and inconsistency. This is because the same data may be stored in various files as they are related with each other. This also causes of data anomalies and then inconsistency because the redundant data are changed in one file but not the others. For example, repetitive data might happen in a record of the students because of unsystematic data management. Such as if a student or instructors change their telephone number, the staff may change the information in one file but not the other which may also contain information, this may cause data anomalies.iii) The lack of securityUsually for normal filing system there is lack of security as there is no limitation on who can access the files. Anyone can change the records and this may cause serious trouble in the future. For example, intruders can easily steal the important information about the instructor's details or even a staff that may not have the authority on the instructor's information may steal the information and sell it to other person.iv) No backup and recovery for the data Manual files system has no backup and if the file of all the information lost or damage, the driving school center will lost all it's valuable information. For example, the most important data of the driving school's center is the details of the students, staffs and history's information, if that data lost, the driving school center will face a bad impact where they may lose their important information for a future analysis.1.3 Objectivei) To make faster data processing and accessingTo be fast in data processing and accessing by using query and index are required. This is because query and index will help to improve data retrieval and performance speed. For the solution primary and foreign key are created each time to retrieve the data from database. For example, the details of the students should be easily retrieved by the staff for making a payment or for updating the record.ii) To implement the data integrity Data integrity enforced through for the proper use of primary and foreign key rule. The primary key will help to avoid data redundancy and inconsistency. So, there would not be a redundant data while using the system for searching or adding a new data. For an example, in Malacca Driving School Management System, every student and instructors will have their own records using computerized system. So, there would not be redundancy data especially in instructor's timetable.iii) To avoid the system from being access by unauthorized personData stored in the driving school's center database must be protected from being access by unauthorized users. In this system, users are provided with password that allows the assignment of access rights to specific authorized users. Password usually enforced at logon time.iv) To make data backup and recovery of the data Data backup and recovery create a safety values, allowing the database administrator to ensure the availability of consistent data. The system will used the centralized database and will make easy to backup the data. For example, all the information of the center, students and staffs will be back up in the external hard disc. So, if the database corrupts, we still can use the database in the external hard disc.1.4 ScopeScopes of this Malacca Driving School Management System included the targeted user and function that included in the system.1.4.1 UserThe user of this Malacca Driving School Management System will be divided into high-level staff, low-level staff and others users.i) High-level staffThe administrator is the high-level staff. They have high level authority of using the system. Beside that, they know all the flow of the system and also can view all the details of the system.The administrator will set the data policies for the company, set the standard forcontrol and usage of data.The administrators also have to make the back-up, maintenance and tuning of the system.Besides all the common functions of the system, the most obvious authority they have are view the report of the center's progress, and financial.ii) Low-level staffStaff has to place for the registration of new students or staff, such as personal details and others.The staff also can add, update and search for the related data.By the way, low-level staff cannot delete the data that related to the registration.Low-level staff also cannot view the report information.1.4.2 FunctionThis system includes several functions which are:1.4.2.1 Registrationi) AddThe user can add new students or staff into the database.This function can do by the authorize staff of this company.ii) DeleteThe user can delete the data of the students and staff. It is include the details of them.iii) EditThey also can edit the changes of the students or instructors and save it as update data.iv) SearchThis function is for the user search the related data or any information.The user can search information about the students, and staff details.The staff can search the data by id number, name of students and instructors.1.4.2.2 Log InBefore they use this system, the high-level staff and low-level staff need to be log in.They will enter the user id and the password.After success to log in, they can proceed to use the system.1.4.2.3 Log OutAfter the user finishing use the system and they want to exit, they need to log out from the system.1.4.2.4 SearchingThis function is for the user search the related data or any information.The user can search information about the students and staff.The staff can search the data by ID number of students or staff.1.4.2.5 Paymenti) AddThe staff can add the new payment of the students into the system.The low-level staff will always use this function.ii) DeleteThe staff can delete the unneeded data of the payment.iii) EditThe staff can make the changes of the payment data.iv) SearchThey also can search the unpaid or total payment.They can search the related data by the ID number of students.1.5 Project SignificanceThe projects significant of this project are:i) Data storage managementThe data that are stored in database will be easily manage and access. The top Level management can provide ad hoc query for the database. For example, the student's details can be archive by the student's IC Number; this is also for the updating, payment and searching.ii) Decrease TimeIt will decrease processing time because we have the database. The user can search information fast and accurately. Misinformation will be avoided because the databases are effective and accurate in management the data. For an example just by key in the student's ID, the staff can retrieve all the information about the student and the information related.iii) Security managementThis system will determine which user can access the database, which data item the user may access and which data operation (read, delete, add or modify) that the user may perform.This is important because there are many users that use the system every day and the security of the system is important to protect the database fiom unauthorized person.iv) Data integrity managementBy using this system, data redundancy and maximizing data consistency can be minimizing.v) Backup and Recovery The system provide backup and recovery procedures to ensure data safety and data integrity. Recovery management deals with the recovery of the database after a failure, such as a bad sector in the disc or a power failure. The user will not worry if the system is corrupt; all the data have been back up and recover.1.6 Expected Outputi) System that can process and access data and information faster. Users can manipulate data in the system easier and faster without losing quality of the data. This system will help them to manage the driving school better than before. Beside that it also can avoid he losing of the important data.ii) Final report that contain all the information about the system.Complete report that contains all information about the system. Other person can refer to the report for their understanding about the system. It includes how the system works, who the target users and many more.1.7 ConclusionThe Malacca Driving School Management System is a system that comes up with a lot of advantages to the driving school center which is new operating using computerized system. The entire problem with conventional way is overcome with the Malacca Driving School Management System. Through the system, the driving school's center operation done within short period, make the staff work easier and also give the driving school's center chance to think about enlarge the center to the next level. On the other hand, there is some vulnerability of the use this system, where the students still have to contact the driving school's center. Apart from that, the driving school's center which use to operate manually where the staffs are not familiar with computerized system have to expand their budget by sending their staffs for courses before using this system. Even there are some weaknesses but the advantage of the system is more valuable to the driving school center for the development in the future.译文马六甲驾驶学校管理系统资料来源:.my/index.php?option=com_docman&task= doc_details &gid=3347&Itemid=208 作者：西蒂．哈杰尔宾蒂．翟纳尔摘要发达国家的驾校在借鉴马六甲驾驶学校管理系统（MDSMS）之后操作更加快捷，查找资料更方便，保存记录和检索数据更有效。
三分钟说明性英语演讲稿(3篇)
第1篇Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. Today, I would like to talk about an issue that concerns us all – environmental protection. As we all know, our planet is facing numerous environmental challenges, and it is high time we take action to protect our environment.Firstly, let's talk about the impact of climate change. Over the pastfew decades, the Earth's temperature has been rising at an alarming rate. This rise in temperature is primarily caused by the excessive emissionof greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. The consequences of global warming are severe and far-reaching, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity.To address this issue, we need to reduce our carbon footprint. One ofthe most effective ways to do this is by adopting renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sources are clean and sustainable, and they can help us reduce our reliance onfossil fuels. Additionally, we should promote energy conservation and efficiency in our daily lives. By turning off lights and appliances when not in use, using energy-efficient appliances, and driving less, we can significantly reduce our carbon emissions.Secondly, deforestation is another critical environmental issue. Trees play a vital role in our ecosystem, as they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Unfortunately, due to deforestation, the number of trees is decreasing rapidly. This not only affects the balance of our ecosystem but also contributes to global warming. To combat deforestation, we need to promote sustainable forestry practices and reforestation efforts. We should also support initiatives that protect natural forests and wildlife habitats.Moreover, pollution is a significant threat to our environment. Air, water, and soil pollution can lead to various health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. To tackle this issue, we needto implement stricter regulations on industrial emissions and waste disposal. We should also promote the use of environmentally friendly products and practices, such as recycling, composting, and using biodegradable materials.In addition to these challenges, we must also address the issue of plastic pollution. Plastic waste is a major threat to our oceans and wildlife. Animals often mistake plastic for food, which can lead to poisoning and death. To combat plastic pollution, we should reduce our use of single-use plastics, recycle more, and support companies that produce sustainable and biodegradable alternatives.Furthermore, it is essential to raise awareness about the importance of environmental protection. Education plays a crucial role in fostering a sense of responsibility and urgency among individuals and communities. By promoting environmental education in schools and communities, we can encourage people to take action and make sustainable choices in their daily lives.In conclusion, environmental protection is a global issue that requires the collective efforts of individuals, governments, and organizations. By adopting renewable energy, promoting sustainable forestry, tackling pollution, reducing plastic waste, and raising awareness, we can create a healthier and more sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.Let us all take responsibility for our actions and work together to protect our planet. Thank you.第2篇Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. Today, I would like to talk about a topic that is often overlooked but holds immense importance – the conservation of water. Water is a precious resource, and we must take action to protect and preserve it for future generations.To begin with, let us understand the significance of water in our lives. Water is essential for our survival, and it plays a crucial role in various aspects of our daily lives. We need water to drink, cook, and clean. It is also vital for agriculture, industries, and maintaining ecological balance. Unfortunately, water scarcity is a growing concern worldwide, and we need to address this issue promptly.Firstly, water scarcity poses a significant threat to human health. Without access to clean water, people are prone to waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. In fact, water scarcity and poor water quality are responsible for millions of deaths and illnesses each year. By conserving water, we can reduce the risk of waterborne diseases and improve public health.Secondly, water scarcity has a profound impact on agriculture. Water is the primary requirement for crop irrigation, and without it,agricultural productivity will suffer. This, in turn, can lead to food shortages and increased prices, affecting millions of people around the world. By conserving water in agriculture, we can ensure food security and reduce the burden on our planet's resources.Furthermore, water scarcity can lead to conflicts and social unrest. In many regions, water is a limited resource, and competition for it can lead to tensions between communities. In some cases, conflicts overwater have even escalated into wars. By conserving water, we can prevent such conflicts and promote peace and stability.So, how can we conserve water? Here are some practical steps that we can take:1. Reduce water consumption: We can start by reducing our water usage in daily activities. This includes turning off the tap while brushing teeth, taking shorter showers, and fixing leaks promptly.2. Efficient irrigation: In agriculture, adopting efficient irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation can significantly reduce water consumption. Additionally, promoting crop diversification and water-saving crops can also help.3. Water recycling: Recycling and reusing water can help in conserving this precious resource. For instance, treated wastewater can be used for irrigation and industrial purposes.4. Awareness and education: Spreading awareness about the importance of water conservation and educating people on sustainable water management practices can go a long way in making a positive impact.5. Policy and regulations: Governments should implement strict policies and regulations to ensure water conservation. This includes setting water usage limits, imposing fines for water wastage, and promoting water-saving technologies.In conclusion, water conservation is a crucial issue that requires our immediate attention. By taking collective action and adopting sustainable practices, we can ensure a sufficient water supply forfuture generations. Let us not take water for granted and work together to protect this invaluable resource.Thank you for your attention.第3篇Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is my great honor to stand before you today to discuss a topic that is often overlooked but profoundly significant: the importance of mental health in modern society. As we navigate through the complexities of our daily lives, it is crucial that we recognize the value of mental well-being and take proactive steps to promote it. I will take three minutes to highlight some key points regarding this vital issue.Firstly, let us acknowledge that mental health is an integral part of overall health. Just as we prioritize physical fitness and maintain our bodies through exercise and a balanced diet, we must also prioritize mental health. Mental well-being is essential for our emotional, psychological, and social development. It allows us to cope with stress, face challenges, and maintain healthy relationships.In today's fast-paced world, we are bombarded with numerous stressors. Work demands, financial pressures, social expectations, andtechnological advancements can all take a toll on our mental health. According to the World Health Organization, mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability worldwide. Therefore, it is imperative that we address the issue of mental health to ensure that individualscan lead fulfilling lives.One of the primary reasons mental health should be a priority is its impact on productivity. When individuals suffer from mental health issues, their ability to perform at work or school is compromised. This not only affects their own lives but also has a ripple effect on the economy and society as a whole. Employees with poor mental health may be more likely to experience absenteeism, reduced job satisfaction, and decreased productivity. Investing in mental health can lead to a more motivated and efficient workforce.Furthermore, mental health plays a crucial role in our social fabric. When individuals struggle with mental health challenges, it can lead to social isolation, relationship breakdowns, and even violence. By promoting mental health, we can foster a more compassionate and supportive society. Education and awareness campaigns can help break the stigma associated with mental health issues, encouraging individuals to seek help without fear of judgment or discrimination.In order to address mental health concerns effectively, it is essential to provide accessible and affordable mental health services. Many individuals are unable to afford therapy or medication, which can exacerbate their conditions. Governments, organizations, and communities must work together to ensure that mental health care is available to all. This includes investing in mental health professionals, expanding insurance coverage for mental health services, and creating supportive environments in schools, workplaces, and public spaces.Another important aspect of promoting mental health is encouraging open dialogue about the subject. By talking about mental health, we can normalize discussions around it and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help. It is crucial that we create a safe space for individualsto share their experiences and seek support. This can be achieved through social media campaigns, community events, and educational programs.Lastly, we must recognize that mental health is not just an individual responsibility but a collective one. We all have a role to play in promoting a mentally healthy society. This includes being supportive friends, family members, and colleagues, as well as advocating for policy changes and increased funding for mental health services.In conclusion, the importance of mental health in modern society cannot be overstated. It is a cornerstone of our overall well-being, productivity, and social fabric. By prioritizing mental health, we can create a more compassionate, supportive, and efficient world. Let us work together to address this critical issue and ensure that everyone has access to the mental health care they need to thrive.Thank you for your attention.。
安徽省蚌埠市A层高中2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中考试(含解析)
2024—2025学年蚌埠市A层高中第二次联考高一英语试卷命题单位：怀远一中（试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟）注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。
1. What will the man do tonightA. Stay at home.B. Go to a game.C. Attend a fashion show.2. What is the man most likely to do these daysA. Learn photography.B. Play sports.C. Draw pictures.3. How does Lucas feelA. Surprised.B. Annoyed.C. Excited.4. Where are the speakersA. At a library.B. At a bookstore.C. At a supermarket.5. Why is Danny moving to SeattleA. He will be working there.B. He enjoys the weather there.C. He wants to get away from home.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。
英语年度工作总结范文(3篇)
第1篇As the year comes to an end, it is a good opportunity to reflect on the past year and summarize the achievements and challenges we have encountered. This annual work summary aims to provide an overview of the key highlights, progress, and lessons learned throughout the year.1. IntroductionThis year has been filled with numerous challenges and opportunities. As a team, we have worked tirelessly to meet our goals and deliver high-quality results. We have successfully completed several projects, improved our processes, and enhanced our skills. This summary will highlight our achievements, discuss the challenges we faced, and share the lessons we have learned.2. Key Achievementsa. Project CompletionThroughout the year, we have successfully completed several projects, including the development of a new software application, the implementation of a new marketing strategy, and the redesign of our company's website. These projects have contributed to the growth and success of our organization.b. Team CollaborationWe have strengthened our team collaboration and communication skills. Regular meetings, brainstorming sessions, and knowledge-sharing workshops have fostered a positive and supportive work environment. This has led to improved efficiency and productivity within the team.c. Skill DevelopmentSeveral team members have invested in their personal and professional growth by attending workshops, training sessions, and obtaining certifications. This has enhanced our overall capabilities and allowed us to deliver better results.3. Challenges Faceda. Resource ConstraintsOne of the main challenges we faced this year was resource constraints. Limited budgets and time constraints have made it difficult to implement certain projects and initiatives. However, we have managed to overcome this challenge by prioritizing our tasks and optimizing our resources.b. Technological AdvancementsThe rapid pace of technological advancements has posed a challenge in keeping up with the latest trends and tools. We have dedicated time and effort to stay updated with new technologies and incorporate them into our work processes.4. Lessons Learneda. AdaptabilityThroughout the year, we have learned the importance of adaptability. Being able to adjust our strategies and approaches based on changing circumstances has helped us overcome obstacles and achieve our goals.b. Continuous ImprovementWe have realized that continuous improvement is essential for growth. By regularly reviewing our processes and seeking feedback from our clients and colleagues, we have been able to enhance our performance and deliver better results.c. TeamworkThe value of teamwork cannot be overstated. By fostering a collaborative environment, we have been able to achieve more than what we could have individually.5. ConclusionAs we come to the end of this year, we are proud of the achievements we have made and the challenges we have overcome. We are grateful for the support and dedication of our team members and clients. Moving forward, we will continue to focus on our goals, embrace new opportunities, andlearn from our experiences. We look forward to another successful year ahead.第2篇As we come to the end of another year, it is essential to reflect on the accomplishments, challenges, and lessons learned over the past twelve months. This annual work summary aims to encapsulate the key highlights of my professional journey in [Year].Key Accomplishments:1. Project Leadership: I successfully led a team of [number] members in the completion of the [Project Name], which was delivered ahead of schedule and within budget. The project received positive feedback from stakeholders, and our team was recognized with the [Award Name] for our exceptional performance.2. Performance Improvement: Through targeted training and mentorship, I helped [number] team members improve their performance, resulting in a [percentage] increase in productivity across the department.3. Strategic Planning: I contributed significantly to the development of the company's strategic plan for [Year], ensuring that our goals were aligned with the overall mission and vision.4. Client Satisfaction: I maintained a strong relationship with our key clients, resulting in a [percentage] increase in client retention and a [percentage] increase in new business acquisition.5. Innovation and Technology: I spearheaded the implementation of [specific technology or software], which has streamlined our processes and improved efficiency.Challenges Faced:1. Resource Constraints: Despite the successful completion of the [Project Name], we faced significant resource constraints during the latter half of the year. This required us to be creative and resourceful in finding alternative solutions.2. Market Volatility: The [Year] was marked by unprecedented market volatility, which impacted our revenue streams and forced us to adaptour strategies accordingly.3. Team Dynamics: I encountered challenges related to team dynamics, particularly in managing conflicts and ensuring that all team members were aligned with our goals.Lessons Learned:1. Adaptability: The ability to adapt to changing circumstances iscrucial for success. In [Year], I learned to pivot quickly and make informed decisions under pressure.2. Communication: Effective communication is key to overcomingchallenges and maintaining team morale. I focused on improving my communication skills and fostering an open and transparent environment.3. Continuous Learning: The fast-paced nature of the industry requires continuous learning. I invested time in attending workshops, webinars, and reading industry reports to stay updated on the latest trends and best practices.4. Leadership Development: I recognized the importance of leadership development and actively sought opportunities to enhance my leadership skills. This included participating in leadership programs and seeking feedback from mentors and peers.Looking Ahead:As we move into [Next Year], I am excited about the opportunities thatlie ahead. I am committed to building upon the achievements of [Year]and continuing to contribute to the success of our team and organization.I plan to focus on the following areas:1. Strategic Execution: I will work closely with the leadership team to ensure the successful execution of our strategic plan for [Next Year].2. Team Development: I will continue to invest in the development of our team, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and innovation.3. Client Engagement: I will strengthen our relationships with existing clients and actively seek new opportunities to expand our client base.4. Personal Growth: I will pursue further education and training to enhance my skills and knowledge, ensuring that I am well-prepared to meet the challenges of the future.In conclusion, [Year] has been a year of significant growth and learning.I am proud of the accomplishments we have achieved and the challenges we have overcome. As we look to the future, I am confident that our teamwill continue to excel and make a positive impact on the organization.第3篇As we come to the end of another challenging year, it is essential to reflect on the accomplishments, learnings, and areas for improvement. The year 2022 has been marked by significant milestones and personal growth. Below is a comprehensive summary of my work over the past twelve months.Accomplishments:1. Project Management: I successfully led a cross-functional team in the completion of a major project that was delivered ahead of schedule and within budget. This project involved coordinating with stakeholders, managing resources, and ensuring quality control throughout the development process.2. Professional Development: I have invested heavily in my professional development by attending workshops, webinars, and online courses related to my field. This has not only enhanced my skills but also allowed me to bring new perspectives and methodologies to my work.3. Team Leadership: As a team leader, I have focused on fostering a positive and collaborative work environment. Through regular team meetings, feedback sessions, and team-building activities, I have seen a significant improvement in team morale and productivity.4. Client Relations: I have maintained strong relationships with clients by providing exceptional customer service and ensuring that their needsare met promptly and effectively. This has resulted in a high retention rate and new business opportunities.5. Innovation: I have been instrumental in driving innovation within my department by proposing and implementing new ideas and technologies.This has led to increased efficiency and a competitive edge for our company.Learnings:1. Adaptability: The year 2022 has been particularly challenging due to unforeseen circumstances such as the ongoing global pandemic. I have learned the importance of adaptability and the ability to pivot quickly in response to changing situations.2. Communication: Effective communication has been a key factor in my success this year. I have focused on improving my communication skills, both written and verbal, to ensure that my ideas and intentions are clearly conveyed to others.3. Prioritization: Managing multiple tasks and deadlines has been a constant challenge. I have learned the importance of prioritization and how to effectively manage my time to ensure that the most critical tasks are completed on time.4. Stakeholder Management: Understanding the needs and expectations of various stakeholders has been crucial in my role. I have developedstrong stakeholder management skills, which have helped in buildingtrust and ensuring the success of projects.Areas for Improvement:1. Time Management: While I have made significant progress in managing my time, I recognize that there is still room for improvement. I plan to implement more structured time management techniques to ensure that I am even more efficient.2. Continuous Learning: The field in which I work is constantly evolving, and there is always more to learn. I intend to continue my professionaldevelopment journey by exploring new resources and staying updated on industry trends.3. Delegation: As a team leader, I need to work on delegating tasks more effectively. By empowering my team members to take on more responsibilities, I can not only lighten my workload but also foster their professional growth.In conclusion, the year 2022 has been a year of significant achievements and personal growth. I am proud of the work I have done and the positive impact I have had on my team and the organization. As I look forward to the new year, I am excited about the opportunities that lie ahead and the continued journey of professional and personal development.。
商务英语综合教程1unit2参考答案
商务英语综合教程1unit2参考答案商务英语综合教程1 Unit 2参考答案Part 1: Vocabulary and Grammar1. Vocabulary- Innovation: The process of creating new ideas, devices, or methods.- Collaboration: Working together with others to achieve a common goal.- Competition: The activity or condition of striving to gain or win something by defeating or establishingsuperiority over others.- Negotiation: The process of discussion between parties for the purpose of reaching an agreement.2. Grammar- Present Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that has been completed at some point in the past but is connected to the present. For example, "We have completed the project." - Past Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. For example, "By the time she arrived, they had already left."Part 2: Reading Comprehension1. Questions- Question 1: What is the main topic of the readingpassage?- Answer: The main topic is the importance of innovation in business.- Question 2: Why is collaboration often necessary in business?- Answer: Collaboration is necessary because it allows for the sharing of ideas and resources, leading to more effective and creative solutions.2. Answers to the Reading Passage- The passage discusses the role of innovation in driving business success. It highlights how companies need to stay ahead of the competition by continuously improving and creating new products or services. The text also emphasizes the importance of collaboration and negotiation in the business world.Part 3: Listening Comprehension1. Questions- Question 1: What is the speaker's opinion on the future of the retail industry?- Answer: The speaker believes that the retail industry will continue to evolve, with a focus on customer experience and technology integration.- Question 2: How does the speaker suggest businesses can stay competitive?- Answer: The speaker suggests that businesses should invest in innovation and adapt to changing market trends to stay competitive.2. Transcript Summary- The listening material includes an interview with a business expert discussing the trends in the retail industry. The expert talks about the impact of e-commerce and the importance of creating a seamless shopping experience for customers.Part 4: Writing1. Task: Write a short essay on the role of technology in modern business.- Answer: In the modern business landscape, technology plays a pivotal role in enhancing productivity, facilitating communication, and enabling data-driven decision-making. It allows businesses to reach a global audience, automate processes, and stay agile in a rapidly changing market.Part 5: Speaking1. Role-Play Scenario: You are a manager in a company that is considering adopting a new software system. Discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks with your team.- Answer: As a manager, I would initiate a discussion by highlighting the potential benefits such as increased efficiency and better data management. However, I would also address potential drawbacks like the initial cost and the learning curve for employees.Part 6: Case Study1. Situation: A company is facing stiff competition and needsto innovate to stay relevant.- Answer: The company could consider investing in research and development, exploring new markets, or partnering with other businesses to create innovative products or services.2. Recommendations:- Diversify the product line.- Invest in marketing to increase brand awareness.- Foster a culture of innovation within the company.Part 7: Business Etiquette1. Tips for Successful Networking:- Be punctual and professional.- Prepare an elevator pitch to introduce yourself.- Engage in active listening and show genuine interest in others.Part 8: Cultural Notes1. Understanding Business Culture in Different Countries:- It is crucial to be aware of cultural differences in business practices, such as communication styles, negotiation tactics, and the importance of relationships.Part 9: Review and Self-Assessment1. Review:- Reflect on the key concepts covered in this unit, including vocabulary, grammar, and business practices.2. Self-Assessment:- Assess your understanding of the material by completing practice exercises and quizzes.Conclusion:This unit of the Business English Comprehensive Course has covered a range of topics from vocabulary and grammar to practical skills such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking. It also included a case study, business etiquette, and cultural notes to provide a well-rounded understanding of the business world. By reviewing and self-assessing, learners can ensure they have a solid grasp of the material and are prepared for further studies or real-world business scenarios.。
在校大学生该不该开车上学中英文
在校大学生该不该开车上学中英文Should College Students Drive to School?Driving to school is a topic that garners mixed opinions among college students and their families. Some believe it provides convenience and independence, while others argue that it is unnecessary and potentially harmful. This article will explore the pros and cons of college students driving to school, taking into account factors such as cost, safety, and environmental impact.One of the main benefits of driving to school is the convenience it offers. Having a car on campus allows students to travel freely and easily, eliminating the need to rely on public transportation or other students for rides. This can be particularly beneficial for those who have part-time jobs or extracurricular activities that require frequent travel. Additionally, having a car provides flexibility in terms of time management, as one does not have to adhere to the strict schedules of public transportation.Furthermore, driving to school can also be cost-effective for students. While the initial investment in a car can be expensive, owning a vehicle can save money in the long run. For instance, students can save on transportation costs such as bus or train fares. Additionally, carpooling with friends can further reduce expenses, as the cost of fuel can be divided among multiple passengers.On the other hand, there are several drawbacks to consider when it comes to college students driving to school. One of the primary concerns is safety. Younger drivers, especially those who have just obtained theirdriver's license, may lack the experience and maturity needed to handle the challenges of driving on busy roads. This increases the risk of accidents and injuries, not only for the driver but also for other road users. Moreover, the temptation to engage in distracted driving, such as using a cellphone or adjusting the radio, can further compromise safety.Another critical aspect to consider is the environmental impact of driving to school. Cars emit greenhouse gases, contributing to air pollution and climate change. This is a significant concern given the growing global focus on sustainability and reducing carbon emissions. By driving to school, college students contribute to this issue, especially if the campus is located in a congested area where traffic is already a problem.In addition to safety and environmental concerns, the availability of parking spaces can also be a challenge for college students who drive to school. Many campuses struggle to provide adequate parking spaces for all students, resulting in limited and expensive options. This can lead to frustration and wasted time spent searching for parking, potentially causing students to be late for classes or other commitments.Considering all these factors, it is crucial to strike a balance between the benefits and disadvantages of college students driving to school. Gaining independence and flexibility with a car can be advantageous, but safety, environmental impact, and parking issues should also be taken into account.One possible solution would be to encourage alternative transportation options on campus. Providing well-maintained bike lanes, promoting the use of public transportation, and offering car-sharing services can help mitigate the negative effects of excessive driving. Moreover, implementingeducational programs and campaigns to raise awareness about safe driving practices and the environmental impact of cars can contribute to a more responsible attitude towards transportation.In conclusion, the decision of whether college students should drive to school is a complex one. While driving provides convenience and flexibility, it also raises concerns regarding safety, the environment, and availability of parking spaces. Considering the negative impacts associated with excessive driving, it is necessary to explore alternative transportation options and raise awareness about responsible travel choices. Ultimately, the decision should be based on individual circumstances and a thorough understanding of the implications.。
车管所学车备案流程
车管所学车备案流程Learning how to drive is a rite of passage for many people. It symbolizes freedom, independence, and a new level of responsibility. However, before getting behind the wheel, aspiring drivers must first go through the process of registering for driving lessons with the local vehicle management office.学习驾驶对许多人来说是一种仪式。
它象征着自由、独立和新的责任水平。
然而，在上路前，渴望成为司机的人必须首先通过向当地车辆管理办公室注册学习驾驶课程的流程。
The first step in this process is to submit the necessary documents, such as identification papers, proof of address, and a medical certificate. These documents are crucial in establishing the identity and eligibility of the applicant to learn how to drive.这个过程的第一步是提交必要的文件，比如身份证明文件、地址证明和医学证明。
这些文件对于确认申请者的身份和学习驾驶的资格至关重要。
Once the documents have been submitted and verified, the next step is to choose a reputable driving school to enroll in. It is important to select a school that has qualified instructors, a good track record of success, and a curriculum that fits the student's schedule and learning style.一旦文件已提交并核实，下一步是选择一家声誉良好的驾校注册学习。
坐校车去上学 英语作文
Every weekday morning, as the sun slowly peeks over the horizon, I embark on an essential and integral part of my daily routine - my journey to school aboard the school bus. This seemingly mundane activity is in fact a microcosm of life lessons, social interactions, and personal growth.In the crisp morning air, with the moon still bidding farewell to the stars, I stand at my designated bus stop, backpack laden with textbooks and assignments. The punctuality of the school bus is not just about arriving at school on time; it's a lesson in discipline that resonates deeply with the essence of education itself. It instills in me a sense of responsibility and respect for schedules, teaching me the importance of timeliness in all aspects of life.Boarding the bus, I am greeted by a diverse array of faces – classmates who become friends, seniors who offer guidance, and juniors who remind me of my own growth. The camaraderie fostered during these early morning rides sets the tone for the day ahead. It's a melting pot of personalities, fostering inclusivity and empathy as we share stories, laughter, and sometimes even solve last-minute homework problems together. This microcosmic community on wheels is a preview of the larger world outside our classroom walls, where collaboration and understanding are key survival skills.The ride itself offers a unique perspective on my town, allowing me to observe the gradual transition from residential quietude to the bustling commercial areas and eventually the serene environment of our school. This panoramic view serves as a visual narrative of the rhythm of life, teaching patience and appreciation for the process of transition and change.Moreover, safety is a paramount concern when commuting to school. Riding the school bus rather than driving or walking alone significantly reduces the risk associated with transportation. It also imparts a critical lesson in safety rules and regulations, such as the necessity of wearing seat belts, waiting for the bus to come to a complete stop before boarding or alighting, and respecting the driver’s authority.The school bus experience is also environmentally friendly. By promotingcarpooling on a large scale, it reduces carbon emissions and traffic congestion around schools. This collective effort towards sustainability aligns with the global movement towards green living and environmental stewardship.Lastly, the bus journey is a period of reflection and preparation. As the bus trundles along its route, it provides me with a buffer zone between home and school, a chance to mentally shift gears from casual family life to academic focus. It's a moment to review notes, listen to educational podcasts, or simply collect my thoughts before diving into the rigors of the school day.In conclusion, while the act of taking the school bus might seem routine and insignificant, it is indeed a multifaceted experience rich in learning opportunities. From nurturing time management skills and social development to fostering a sense of community, encouraging safety consciousness, promoting eco-friendliness, and providing a reflective space, each trip encapsulates the broader values that form the bedrock of education. This daily odyssey, therefore, is more than just a means of transport; it's a journey of personal and communal growth, a vital component of my educational experience.(Word count: 587 words)For a longer version, detailed narratives and anecdotes could be added to each aspect mentioned above, delving deeper into specific incidents that highlight the various virtues of taking the school bus. However, due to the constraint of the word limit specified here, this condensed version presents a comprehensive yet concise overview of the topic.。
九年级英语公共安全意识强烈练习题50题
九年级英语公共安全意识强烈练习题50题1.We should look both ways before crossing the road. What's the meaning of "look both ways"?A.look left and rightB.look up and downC.look forward and backwardD.look inside and outside答案：A。
“look both ways”是指左右看，过马路前要左右看确保安全。
B 选项是上下看；C 选项是前后看；D 选项是看里面和外面。
本题考查短语理解和交通安全常识。
2.When we see a red traffic light, we should _____.A.stopB.goC.slow downD.run quickly答案：A。
看到红灯要停下。
B 选项是走；C 选项是减速；D 选项是快速跑。
本题考查交通信号灯的含义和公共安全知识。
3.In traffic, a yellow light means _____.A.stop quicklyB.go slowlyC.speed upD.wait and see答案：B。
黄灯意味着慢行。
A 选项是快速停下；C 选项是加速；D 选项是等着看。
本题考查交通信号灯的含义和公共安全知识。
4.We must wear a _____ when riding a bike.A.hatB.capC.helmetD.scarf答案：C。
骑自行车必须戴头盔。
A 选项是帽子；B 选项是便帽；D 选项是围巾。
本题考查交通安全常识和词汇辨析。
5.If you want to cross the street, you should use the _____.A.footpathB.cycle pathC.pedestrian crossingD.car park答案：C。
关于大学生自驾游的好处英语作文
关于大学生自驾游的好处英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Benefits of Self-driving Tours for College StudentsIntroduction:In recent years, self-driving tours have become increasingly popular among college students. It provides them with a unique opportunity to explore new places, experience different cultures, and create unforgettable memories. In this article, we will discuss the benefits of self-driving tours for college students.1. Independence and Freedom:One of the main benefits of self-driving tours for college students is the independence and freedom it provides. Unlike organized tours where the itinerary is fixed, self-driving tours allow students to create their own schedule and explore at their own pace. This sense of independence can be empowering for young adults and help them develop valuable life skills such as decision-making, problem-solving, and time management.2. Cost-effective:Self-driving tours can be a cost-effective way for college students to travel. By sharing expenses such as car rental, fuel, and accommodation with friends, students can save money compared to traditional tours. Additionally, students can choose budget-friendly options for food and activities, allowing them to experience more with less.3. Flexibility and Spontaneity:Self-driving tours offer students the flexibility and spontaneity to change their plans on a whim. They can take detours, explore off-the-beaten-path destinations, and stay longer in places they love. This flexibility allows students to make the most of their trip and create personalized experiences that cater to their interests and preferences.4. Group Bonding:Self-driving tours can strengthen the bonds between college students who embark on the journey together. Spending long hours in a car, navigating unfamiliar roads, and overcoming challenges can create shared experiences that bring students closer. This shared adventure can deepen friendships, build trust, and create lasting memories that will be cherished for years to come.5. Personal Growth:Self-driving tours can contribute to the personal growth and development of college students. It exposes them to new cultures, languages, and ways of living, broadening their perspectives and enhancing their understanding of the world. Students may also learn valuable life skills such as communication, teamwork, and adaptability, which can benefit them in their academic and professional pursuits.Conclusion:In conclusion, self-driving tours offer a myriad of benefits for college students. From independence and freedom tocost-effectiveness and personal growth, self-driving tours provide students with the opportunity to expand their horizons, create lasting memories, and forge meaningful connections with others. As college students navigate the complexities of academic life, self-driving tours can serve as a welcome escape, a valuable learning experience, and a source of inspiration for their future endeavors.篇2The Benefits of College Students’ Self-driving ToursWith the development of society and the improvement of living standards, more and more college students are choosing to go on self-driving tours during their vacations. This new trend not only provides an opportunity for students to relax and explore the world, but also brings about various benefits to their personal growth and development.Firstly, self-driving tours help students broaden their horizons. By traveling to different places and experiencing new cultures, college students can gain a deeper understanding of the world and expand their knowledge. They can learn about the history and customs of the places they visit, and develop a more global perspective on life. This can be incredibly enriching for their intellectual development.Secondly, self-driving tours encourage independence and self-reliance in college students. When embarking on a road trip, students have to plan their itinerary, navigate the roads, and solve any problems that arise along the way. These experiences can help them develop important life skills such asdecision-making, problem-solving, and time management. They also learn to rely on themselves and become more confident in facing challenges.Moreover, self-driving tours provide an opportunity for students to bond with their friends or family. Traveling together can strengthen relationships and create lasting memories. Students can share the excitement of exploring new places, try new activities together, and build a stronger connection with each other. These experiences can enhance their social skills and communication abilities.In addition, self-driving tours offer students a chance to relax and rejuvenate. College life can be stressful and overwhelming, and a road trip provides a much-needed break from the pressures of academic work. Being in nature, enjoying scenic views, and engaging in leisure activities can help students unwind, recharge, and come back to school with a refreshed mind and renewed energy.In conclusion, self-driving tours have numerous benefits for college students. They provide an opportunity to broaden horizons, develop independence, strengthen relationships, and relax. By embarking on road trips, students can grow both intellectually and emotionally, and gain valuable experiences that will enrich their lives. Therefore, it is highly recommended for college students to consider going on self-driving tours during their vacations.篇3The Benefits of Road Trips for College StudentsRoad trips have always been a popular way to explore new places and create memorable experiences. For college students, embarking on a self-drive adventure can be particularly rewarding and beneficial. Here are some of the advantages of road trips for college students:1. Independence and FreedomOne of the biggest benefits of road trips for college students is the sense of independence and freedom that comes with being behind the wheel. Unlike traveling by public transportation or joining a guided tour, driving yourself allows you to set your own schedule, stop wherever you want, and take detours at a moment’s notice. This independence can be empowering and help you develop valuable life skills like decision making and problem solving.2. Budget-Friendly TravelRoad trips can be a cost-effective way for college students to travel. By sharing expenses like gas, accommodation, and food with friends, you can split the costs and make the trip more affordable. Camping or staying in budget accommodations canalso help you save money on lodging, allowing you to stretch your travel budget further.3. Bonding with FriendsTraveling with friends on a road trip can strengthen your relationships and create lasting memories. Spending hours in the car together, sharing experiences, and navigating new places can help you bond with your friends in a unique way. Road trips provide opportunities for deep conversations, inside jokes, and shared adventures that can solidify your friendships and create a strong sense of camaraderie.4. Personal GrowthRoad trips can be a transformative experience that allows you to step out of your comfort zone, face challenges, and learn about yourself. Navigating unfamiliar roads, dealing with unexpected setbacks, and meeting new people can help you develop resilience, adaptability, and confidence. Traveling on your own terms can also give you a sense of accomplishment and independence that can boost your self-esteem and personal growth.5. Exploration and DiscoveryRoad trips offer the chance to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations, discover hidden gems, and immerse yourself in new cultures. By driving through scenic routes, stopping at local attractions, and interacting with locals, you can gain a deeper understanding of the places you visit and broaden your horizons. Road trips allow you to see the world from a different perspective and open your mind to new experiences and possibilities.In conclusion, road trips can be a valuable and enriching experience for college students. From independence and freedom to budget-friendly travel and personal growth, hitting the road with friends can offer a wide range of benefits that can enhance your college experience and shape your future. So pack your bags, grab your keys, and embark on an epic road trip adventure—you never know what you might discover along the way.。
驾校整理档案流程
驾校整理档案流程Title: Driving School Document Management Process标题：驾校整理档案流程1.The first step in the document management process of a driving school is to collect all the necessary documents from the students.第一步，驾校需要从学生那里收集所有必要的文件。
2.These documents include identification cards, residence permits, and medical examination reports.这些文件包括身份证、居留许可和体检报告。
3.Once all the documents are collected, the driving school staff will sort them according to the types of licenses the students are applying for.一旦收集到所有文件，驾校工作人员将根据学生申请的驾照类型进行分类。
4.After sorting the documents, the staff will review each one to ensure they are complete and accurate.在整理文件后，工作人员将逐一审查以确保它们完整且准确。
5.If any documents are missing or incorrect, the staff will notify the students and provide them with a deadline to submit the required documents.如果任何文件缺失或错误，工作人员将通知学生，并给他们一个提交所需文件的截止日期。
高二英语可持续发展策略练习题40题
高二英语可持续发展策略练习题40题1.Sustainable development means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Which of the following is an example of sustainable development?ing disposable plastic bags.B.Driving gas-guzzling cars.C.Recycling paper.D.Cutting down large numbers of trees.答案：C。
A 选项使用一次性塑料袋会造成环境污染，不利于可持续发展。
B 选项驾驶高油耗汽车会消耗大量能源且排放污染物，不符合可持续发展。
C 选项回收纸张可以减少资源浪费，有利于可持续发展。
D 选项大量砍伐树木会破坏生态环境，不利于可持续发展。
2.We should take actions to promote sustainable development. Which of the following is NOT a correct way?A.Save water and electricity.B.Throw away old clothes instead of donating them.e public transportation.D.Plant more trees.答案：B。
A 选项节约水电有助于可持续发展。
C 选项使用公共交通可以减少能源消耗和污染排放。
D 选项植树有利于改善环境，促进可持续发展。
B 选项扔掉旧衣服而不是捐赠会造成资源浪费，不是可持续发展的正确方式。
3.Which of the following is a sustainable way to use resources?ing non-renewable resources as much as possible.B.Never using renewable resources.C.Balancing the use of renewable and non-renewable resources.D.Never using any resources.答案：C。
八年级英语原因状语从句练习题40题
八年级英语原因状语从句练习题40题1<背景文章>There is a student named Lily. Lily loves music very much. She thinks music is like a magic that can bring people different emotions. Whenever she listens to music, she feels happy and relaxed. Because of her deep love for music, Lily decides to join the school band. The school band is very famous in the school. It often participates in various activities and performances. Lily is very excited about joining the band. She practices hard every day. She wants to improve her musical skills and make beautiful music with her teammates.1. Lily joined the school band because _____.A. she likes sportsB. she loves musicC. she wants to make friendsD. she is good at painting答案：B。
解析：文章中明确提到Lily loves music very much. Because of her deep love for music, Lily decides to join the school band.所以答案是B。
乘坐交通方式去上学英语作文
In the daily rhythm of life, the journey to and from school is an integral part of a student's routine. This crucial segment of the day not only sets the tone for academic pursuits but also influences personal development, social interactions, and environmental consciousness. The mode of transportation chosen for this commute can significantly impact these aspects, shaping the overall educational experience. This essay presents a comprehensive analysis of various means of getting to school, examining their advantages, disadvantages, and implications from multiple angles.I. Walking and Cycling: The Green OptionWalking and cycling, often hailed as the most environmentally friendly modes of transport, offer numerous benefits for students. Firstly, they promote physical activity, contributing to the recommended daily exercise quota and fostering a healthy lifestyle. Regular exercise has been shown to enhance cognitive function, improve mood, and reduce stress levels, all of which positively influence academic performance (Penedo & Dahn, 2005).Moreover, these active modes of travel foster independence and responsibility in students, as they learn to navigate their surroundings safely and manage their time effectively. They also provide opportunities for spontaneous social interactions with peers en route, fostering a sense of community and camaraderie. From an environmental perspective, walking and cycling emit no greenhouse gases, reduce traffic congestion, and minimize noise pollution, aligning well with global sustainability goals.However, the feasibility of walking or cycling to school depends largely on factors such as distance, terrain, weather conditions, and safety infrastructure. Long distances, hilly terrains, extreme weather, or inadequate pedestrian/cycling facilities can pose challenges and安全隐患, deterring students and parents from choosing these options.II. Public Transportation: A Shared ExperiencePublic transportation, including buses, trams, trains, and subways, is a popular choice for students, especially those living in urban areas. It offers several advantages, such as cost-effectiveness, reduced traffic congestion, and a smaller carbon footprint per passenger compared to private vehicles. Commuting via public transport can also be an opportunity for students to develop essential life skills, such as time management, navigation, and interpersonal communication.Furthermore, public transport fosters social inclusivity by providing equal access to education for students from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. It can also serve as a microcosm of society, where students interact with people from different age groups and walks of life, enhancing their understanding of diversity and empathy.Despite these benefits, public transportation can be subject to reliability issues, such as delays, overcrowding, and service disruptions, which may cause stress and negatively impact punctuality. Safety concerns, particularly during off-peak hours, and limited accessibility in some suburbanor rural areas, are other potential drawbacks.III. Private Vehicles: Convenience at a CostPrivate vehicles, whether driven by parents or students themselves, offer unparalleled convenience and flexibility. They provide door-to-door service, shelter from adverse weather conditions, and control over departure times, which can be particularly valuable for students juggling extracurricular activities or part-time work. Moreover, they ensure a relatively consistent and predictable commute time, reducing stress associated with potential delays.However, private vehicles come with significant environmental and societal costs. They contribute significantly to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and traffic congestion, undermining efforts towards sustainable urban development. Additionally, the reliance on private cars can discourage physical activity and exacerbate social inequalities, as families without access to a car may face barriers in accessing schools located farther away or in areas with poor public transport connectivity.IV. Ride-Sharing and Carpooling: A CompromiseRide-sharing and carpooling initiatives represent a potential middle ground between the convenience of private vehicles and the environmental and social benefits of public transport. By sharing rides, students can reduce their individual carbon footprint, alleviate traffic congestion, and potentially save on transportation costs. Moreover, carpooling can foster a sense of community and cooperation among students who might not otherwise interact regularly.While ride-sharing holds promise, its success depends on effective organization, coordination, and commitment from participating students and their families. Challenges may include scheduling conflicts, varying pickup/drop-off requirements, and trust issues regarding driving skills and vehicle safety.V. Emerging Trends: Electric Vehicles and Micro-MobilityThe advent of electric vehicles (EVs) and micro-mobility solutions, such as e-scooters and shared bicycles, presents new possibilities for eco-friendly school commutes. EVs, though still costly, offer a cleaner alternative to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, emitting zero tailpipe emissions and reducing overall carbon footprint. Micro-mobility options provide last-mile connectivity, filling the gaps in public transport networks and offering a fun, agile way to navigate urban environments.However, the widespread adoption of these technologies faces hurdles such as limited charging infrastructure for EVs, regulatory uncertainties surrounding micro-mobility, and concerns about user safety, particularly for younger students.Conclusion: Choosing the Right PathThe decision on the most suitable mode of transportation for a school commute is a complex one, influenced by factors such as geographical location, personal circumstances, environmental considerations, and societal norms. While each mode has its unique advantages and challenges, a multi-faceted approachthat combines various options could be the most effective strategy. For instance, promoting walkable and bike-friendly neighborhoods, improving public transport services, incentivizing ride-sharing, and integrating emerging green technologies can collectively create a more sustainable, equitable, and enjoyable commuting experience for students.Ultimately, it is essential for educators, policymakers, and parents to engage in open dialogue and collaborate on initiatives that prioritize students' well-being, environmental sustainability, and equal access to education when shaping the future of school transportation. By doing so, we can ensure that the daily journey to school becomes not just a means to an end, but a meaningful and enriching part of the learning process itself.References:Penedo, F. J., & Dahn, J. R. (2005). Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18(2), 189-193.。
全球变暖的措施 英语作文
Global warming is a pressing issue that demands immediate action from individuals, communities,and governments alike.Here are some measures that can be taken to combat this environmental crisis:1.Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions:The primary cause of global warming is the emission of greenhouse gases,particularly carbon dioxide.Industries can be encouraged to adopt cleaner technologies and energy sources,such as solar,wind,and hydroelectric power.2.Promoting Energy Efficiency:Implementing energyefficient practices in homes and businesses can significantly reduce the demand for electricity,which is often generated from fossil fuels.This includes using energysaving appliances,improving insulation,and utilizing smart thermostats.3.Encouraging Public Transportation:Reducing the reliance on private vehicles can lower carbon ernments can invest in public transportation systems,such as buses,trains,and trams,and promote their use through subsidies and awareness campaigns.4.Supporting Sustainable Agriculture:Agriculture contributes to global warming through deforestation and methane emissions from livestock.Supporting sustainable farming practices,such as organic farming,crop rotation,and agroforestry,can help mitigate these effects.5.Reforestation and Afforestation:Planting trees and preserving existing forests are crucial as they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Initiatives can include community tree planting events and government policies to protect and expand forested areas.6.Waste Management and Recycling:Proper waste management can reduce methane emissions from landfills.Encouraging recycling and composting can also decrease the need for new materials,which often require energyintensive manufacturing processes.cation and Awareness:Educating the public about the causes and effects of global warming is essential for driving behavioral changes.School curriculums can include environmental education,and public campaigns can raise awareness about the importance of sustainable living.8.Research and Development:Investing in research to find innovative solutions to reduce emissions and adapt to the effects of global warming is vital.This includesdeveloping new materials,technologies,and methods for carbon capture and storage.9.International Cooperation:Global warming is a worldwide problem that requires a coordinated international response.Countries can work together to set emission reduction targets,share technology,and provide financial support for climate change mitigation and adaptation projects.10.Legislation and Policy:Governments can enact laws and policies to regulate emissions,promote renewable energy,and encourage sustainable practices.This may include carbon pricing,subsidies for green technologies,and stricter emission standards for industries.By implementing these measures,we can work towards slowing down the rate of global warming and mitigating its devastating effects on our planet.It is a collective effort that requires commitment and action from all sectors of society.。
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Improve your driving:
- Smart driving - Eco-driving
Driving theory and practical tests:
50 questions multiple-choice test
The « Pass Plus »: The formula: Code + licence for a best price
IUP Driving School Trefilerie “THE Driving tuition you can trust !!”
Brief presentation about Project
• Company ‘IUP Driving School International’ Company– IUP • Franchise in Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux in France, and also in London, Dublin, Berlin, and Madrid • Activity Activity-Open a new franchise in the city of Saint-Etienne “IUP Driving School Trefilerie for car only.” • Managing Director: Fabien DARGAUD • Team member Jie-marketing research, member: Jianhua-communication, Meriem-data base administrator, Baptiste-website developer, XiaProject Manager
Driving Lessons
Learn to drive with IUP Driving School Trefielerie
Pass the Code with success: About our lessons:
The instructor evaluate how many hours you need 5 errors maximum during the test
Getting started • You need to be 17 to start learning to drive and have a valid provisional licence before you take your first driving lessons.
Your instructor will estimate how long you are likely to need after your first lesson. The current average is 45 hours of tuition (Driving Standards Agency average, 2006), with 22 hours of private practice. Two-hour lessons and our tips for practising driving can help you learn faster.
Helps new drivers gain valuable experience and skills
Get prices and book online by choosing your instructor
Become a driving instructor:
- Be over 21 years old - Driving licence of 3years
Drive confident:
Free training with qualified driving instructors
Design of website
• Please look for more information on our web site www.iupdrivi ngschoolst.c om
Thank your for your attention.
Market Study
TARGET： TARGET： Teenagers, Young adults and Students for Category B driving licence. . We have find the list of students of Jean Monnet University as the our important potential clients. OFFERS: The wide range of driver services one-stop facility onefacility--including registration, licensing, etc The lowest cost drivers education services with comparable quality.
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• Send the flyer as the right one to students of Jean Monnet University who are our important potential custom Lessons
Competitors study
• We’ve done also a research of existing competitor in Saint étienne:
The keys to success for the project
• Lower costs with comparable quality • Cost control officer • cost reduction program • Strengthen and pursue partnerships and strategic alliances with suppliers • Aggressively pursue contracts with organizations • Alliance & Leicester Commercial Bank