河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
(精品文档)浙教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
浙教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body was. I got different answers atdifferent ages.When I was young, I thought sound was very important to us, so I said, "My ears, Mum. "But she shookher head and said no. Several years passed, and she asked me a gain. I believed that I got the right answer after thinking it over. So I told her，"Sight is very important to everyone, so it must be our eyes."But she told me I was wrong. I tried many times after that, but her answer was always the same. Tilllast year, my grandma died. Everybody was crying, and everybody was hurt. My mom looked at me and askedme with tears in her eyes，"Do you know the answer now？"I was surprised when she asked me this question then. "My son, the answer is your shoulder. Everyone needs a shoulder to cry on. "Finally, I realized (意识到)all she hoped is that I can have enough love and friends so that I willhave a shoulder to cry on when I need it.（1） According to the passage, ________ are the most important part of the body.A . eyesB . earsC . feetD . shoulders（2） The writer gave ________ to the same question at different ages.A . the same answerB . different answersC . four answersD . the right answer（3） ________ gave the right answer to the question at last.A . The writer's fatherB . The writer's motherC . The writerD . The writer's grandma（4） The writer got the right answer on the day when ________.A . his grandma diedB . somebody was hurtC . his mother was surprisedD . he was young2. （12分）阅读理解Art, as we know, is subjective. What one person considers a priceless masterpiece others might see as nothing more than a giant black square. But there's one very specific kind of painting that almost everyone sees the same way-the kind with the" "strange" eyes that seem to follow you around the room.So what causes this optical illusion (视觉错觉) and how do artists achieve this effect?It turns out, for even a moderately skilled artist, this effect isn't a difficult thing to achieve,In fact, the artists need to use a little illusion of depth, making the person depicted on the canvasappears somewhat 3D on a 2D canvas, and to adjust .the gaze (凝视) of the eyes so that they would be looking at someone standing right in front of the picture.So what exactly is going on here in our brains that then makes it seem like the eyes follow you evenif you move away from being front and center? As demonstrated by a team of researchers from Ohio StateUniversity, as you move to the side, the "near? and "far" points of the 2D image don't really change.These near and far points are defined as visible points that, if the image was 3D, would appear nearestand furthest away from the viewer at a given angle.The idea is simple. No matter what angle you look at a paining from, the painting itself doesn'tchange. You're looking at a flat surface. The key is that the near points and far points of the pictureremained the same no matter the angle the picture was viewed from. When observing real surfaces in thenatural environment the near and far points vary when we change viewing direction. When we observe apicture on the wall, the visual information that defines near and far points is unaffected by viewingdirection. Still, we willingly accept and interpret the thing in the painting as if it were a real object.Thus, because the perspective, shadows, and light on the painting don't change as you move around,if the eyes in the painting would be staring directly at the observer who is standing in front of thepainting, it creates something of an optical illusion in your brain so that the eyes will continue toseem to stare at you as you move to the side.In contrast to the eyes following you trick, if the artist tweaks the painting a bit, for examplethe artist adjusts the gaze of the eyes so that the eyes are looking off somewhere else instead of directly looking at a potential observer, no matter where you stand, the eyes will never seem to be looking atyou.The technique first began popularly showing up in art around the 14th century when the artist andarchitect Fillipo Brunelleshi introduced the art world to the idea of "linear perspective", being painting with the idea of everything in the picture converging (聚集) on a specific point on the horizon, creating the illusion of depth. Linear perspective, combined with skilled use of light and shadow, allows artists to create masterfully realistic paintings, including sometimes of people that stare at you creepily nomatter where you stand.（1） What's the writer's purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A . To lead in the question why staring eyes seem to follow us in a painting,B . To make a comparison between a priceless masterpiece and a black square.C . To introduce the topic that the optical illusion can make the painting look real.D . To prove that people can think alike when they admire a certain kind of painting.（2） What can we learn from the passage?A . The visible points of the image won't change in the natural environment.B . The near and far points of a painting are affected by our viewing direction.C . The viewing direction of viewers can make the image in the painting look tealD . The optical illusion in our brain makes us feel the eyes in the painting staring at us.（3） The 3rd paragraph is mainly about __________.A . who took part in the research.B . how long the research lasted.C . what was found in the research,D . how the research was performed.（4） What's the meaning of the underlined word "tweak" in the passage?A . changeB . decorateC . moveD . turn3. （10分） (2017八下·萧山期中) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
冀教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
冀教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·深圳) 阅读理解Sending packets, shopping for everyday goods and even building a house, these are new skills that new robots show at the World Robot Exhibition.（1） How tall is the RoBohoN?A . 0.1 meterB . 1 meterC . 1.8 meterD . 101 meters（2） Which Robot is the best helper to the old people's homes?A . RoBohoNB . Human Support RobotC . HRP-5PD . CarriRo（3） How does the owner of the package open the CarriRo?A . by working as a postmanB . by rolling around the streetC . by following the GPSD . by using the code（4） In which part of a newspaper can we find this passage?A . cultureB . sportsC . scienceD . people2. （12分）阅读理解Last year, a special kind of glove came out. It was invented to help blind people to learn Braille, which is a special system for the blind to read by touching. Shaking motors (震动马达) are put on each finger of the glove. They can make different sounds to tell a user which letter he is touching. Recently, two British college students have invented another special glove for the blind. It can make the user feel small and quick movements. An ultrasonic sensor (超声波传感器) with a battery is put on the back of the glove. When the user wearing the glove is close to an object(物体), ultrasonic waves (超声波) from the glove are sent out (发出). As soon as they hit the object in front, the waves will return to the glove. Then the waves cause the glove to shake. And the ultrasonic sensor makes different kinds ofsounds. The sounds make the user know how far he is from the object.In the college invention competition, the two students got first prize and won 1,540 pounds. One of the designers said, "Now the ultrasonic sensor on the glove is quite large. We're going to use the money to develop a smaller and lighter ultrasonic sensor."（1） The underlined word "Braille" in the passage means " " in Chinese.A . 盲文B . 口语C . 手语（2） The glove with an ultrasonic sensor .A . can make only one kind of soundB . can make the user feel small and quick movementsC . was designed by two American college students（3） Picture shows how the glove with an ultrasonic sensor works according to the passage.A .B .C .（4） Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A . The sounds from the ultrasonic sensor make the user know what the object is.B . The two college students wanted to use 15,400 pounds to develop the glove.C . The glove with shaking motors was invented for blind people.（5） What is the best title for this passage?A . The Way to Make GlovesB . Two Kinds of Special GlovesC . An Ultrasonic Sensor and Shaking Motors3. （10分）阅读理解A▲How nosebleeds happen：Nosebleeds are very common among children and often result from activities such as blowing the nose too hard or getting hit on the nose during play.Catching colds or the flu can also cause (引起) ually，bleeding isn't very serious andit will stop in less than ten minutes.▲When nosebleeds happen：Your child may be frightened that there is something seriously wrong.Crying may make the bleeding worse, so it is important for you to tell him that he will befine.▲How to give first aid：Let your child sit upright(直立) and tell him to put his head down.Help your child press the sides of the nose for ten minutes.Do not stop to seeif the bleeding has stopped.▲If first aid works：Rest your child for the next 12—24 hours.Tell him to do quiet activities suchas drawing，reading a book or watching TV.Tell him not to take a hot shower for at least 24 hours after a nosebleed.Tell him not to touch or blow his nose for 24 hours.▲If first aid doesn't work：You'd better take him to hospital.（1） The writer gives reason(s) for nosebleeds.A . oneB . twoC . threeD . four（2）The underlined word “frightened” has the same meaning as “ ”．A . scaredB . surprisedC . shyD . smart（3） After a nosebleed, one should not ．A . draw picturesB . read booksC . watch televisionD . play basketball（4） From the passage, we can learn that ．A . one should often stop giving first aid to see if the bleeding has stoppedB . one should take a hot shower as soon as the bleeding stopsC . it's wrong to blow the nose as soon as the bleeding stopsD . one should go to hospital right away if he has a nosebleed（5） This passage is for ．A . childrenB . parentsC . nursesD . doctors4. （10分）阅读理解Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Hiroyuki's bed will solve your problem! Here is how it works.The bed is connected to an alarm clock. First, the alarm clock rings. You have a few minutes to wake up. Next, a tape recorder in the bed plays soft music. The tape recorder in Hiroyuki's bed plays a recording of his girlfriend. She whispers in a sweet voice, “Wake up, darling, please.” A few minutes later, Hiroyuki hears a recording of his boss. His boss shouts, “Get up at once, or you'll be late!”If you don't get up after the second recording, a mechanical “foot” in the bed will kick you on the head. The bed waits a few more minutes. What! You're still in bed! Slowly the top of the bed rises higher and higher. The foot of the bed goes lower and lower. Finally you slide off the bed and onto thefloor. You are out of bed and awake!Hiroyuki's bed is not in stores. There is only one bed－the bed Hiroyuki made for a contest. Maybe someday a company will make Hiroyuki's bed and sell it in stores. Maybe people will buy millions of beds. Then Hiroyuki will be rich. If the bed makes Hiroyuki rich, he won't need to go to work and he won't need to get up early!（1） The bed is useful to the people .A . who can't sleep wellB . who can't get up earlyC . who go to bed earlyD . who go to bed late（2） The bed is not connected to .A . an alarm clockB . a tape recorderC . a TVD . a mechanical foot（3） What will finally happen to Hiroyuki if he doesn't get up?A . He will slide onto the floor.B . A tape recorder will play a recording of his boss.C . A mechanical foot will kick him on the head.D . The bed will rise higher and higher.（4） Which of the following is true?A . Hiroyuki's company has made such beds.B . Hiroyuki's bed is the only one made for a contest.C . Hiroyuki has made a lot of money.D . Hiroyuki needn't get up early now.（5）The underlined word “whispers” in the second paragraph means “”.A . speaks loudlyB . speaks sadlyC . speaks angrilyD . speaks quietly5. （10分） (2017九上·安庆期末) 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语训练专题—阅读理解(人生百味类)D卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语训练专题—阅读理解（人生百味类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共42分)1. （10分）阅读理解It's not easy to be an astronaut's son. Everybody expects you to be special or perfect. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he's so special and so good at everything he does. Even in middle school he was the class president and captain of the football team.Well, to be honest, I often dream about being some kind of hero or doing something special-like saving a child from a burning building or discovering a new star. I was daydreaming at school one morning when my teacher said there would be a Father's Day writing competition for the whole school. "I hope we have a winner right here in my class, "she said.When I got home, I started to think about what to write .My father is an astronaut. No, I wouldn't start like that. That was the way others saw him. What did I think of my father?I saw him sitting with me in the dark when I had a terrible dream. I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was killed by a car. Yes, these were the things I was going to write. To me, he wasn't just a world-famous astronaut. He was my dad.My parents and I went to school on Thursday night. There were so many people in the big hall！My dad looked at me, and I shrugged(耸肩).The third prize was announced and it was not me. I was relieved(释然的)and disappointed at the same time. The second prize was announced. It was me.I went up to the stage and read what I had written "My father's son..."When I finished, the people stood up and cheered. I saw my father blowing his nose. Tears were running down my mother's face. Dad cleared his throat and put his hand on my shoulder. He said, "Son, this is the proudest moment of my life."It was the proudest moment of my life too. Maybe I'll never be a great hero or win a Nobel Prize,but it is enough just to be my father's son.（1） The writer felt it to be the son of a famous person.A . luckyB . naturalC . hardD . pleasant（2） In order to , the writer would like to save a child from a burning building.A . become an astronautB . become a great heroC . be made the school team captainD . be made the class president（3） What did the writer probably write in his composition?A . A lot of special things he had done.B . The story of his father as an astronaut.C . The unforgettable time he spent with his father.D . The experiences his father had in middle school.（4） What is the best title for the passage?A . My daydreamB . My father's sonC . My famous fatherD . My happy family2. （6分）(2018·江北模拟) 阅读理解New York is 3 hours ahead of California, but it does not make California slow.Someone graduated at the age of 22, but waited 5 years before finding a good job!Someone became a CEO at 25, and died at 50.While another became a CEO at 50, and lived to 90 years.Someone is still single, while someone else got married.Obama retires at 55, but Trump starts at 70.Absolutely everyone in this world works based on their Time Zone.People around you might seem to go ahead of you, .But everyone is running their own RACE, in their own TIME.Don't envy them or mock them.They are in their TIME ZONE, and you are in yours!Life is about waiting for the right moment to act.So, RELAX.You're not LATE. You're not EARLY.You are very much ON TIME, and in your TIME ZONE Destiny set up for you.（1） What's the author's attitude towards time?A . We should save the time.B . We should wait for the time.C . We should have our own time to act.D . We should chase after the time.（2） Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank?A . some might seem to be behind you.B . and you can never catch up with them.C . but it doesn't mean that you're slow.D . and they are more hard-working than you.（3） What kind of text is it?A . A story.B . A play.C . A poem.D . A letter.3. （6分）(2019·泉州模拟) 阅读理解If you put a buzzard in a pen six to eight feet square and open at the top, the bird will be a prisoner, though it can fly. The reason is that a buzzard always begins a flight from the ground with a run of ten to twelve feet. Without space to run, as its habit, it will not even try to fly, but remain a prisoner for life in its small buzzard prison with no top.The bat that flies around at night cannot take off from the ground. If it is placed on the ground all it can do is to walk slowly about helplessly and no doubt, painfully. If it reaches a higher place, it will be able to throw itself into the air. Then it takes off immediately. But on flat(平的）ground, it will never fly.A bee dropped into a cup will be there until it dies, unless it is taken out. It never sees the means of escape at the top, but keeps trying to find some way out through the sides near the bottom. It will look for a way where none exists(存在), until it completely destroys itself.In many ways, there are lots of people like the buzzard, the bat and the bee. They are struggling about with all their problems and difficulties, not realizing that the answer is right there above them.（1） Which of the following is a "pen" according to Paragraph 1?A .B .C .D .（2） Why can't a buzzard fly through the top of a pen?A . It is too big and heavy to fly up.B . The space is too small for it to start flying.C . It is too hungry and weak to get outD . The place is comfortable for it to live.（3） What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the bat?A . It prefers walking to flying.B . It can take off at once on flat ground.C . It flies only at night.D . It takes off only from a higher place.（4） What can a bee do if it drops into a cup?A . It'll escape from the top.B . It'll stay at the bottom without moving.C . It'll lose the ability to fly.D . It'll die of tiredness at last.（5） What can we learn from the story?A . Many people like the buzzard, the bat and the bee.B . Animals will also give up when in trouble.C . We should try new ways to deal with difficulties.D . We should solve problems by ourselves.4. （10分） I have made a time machine. It can take people to the past or the future for five hours. I thought that it would be fun to see what my father was like when he was 10 years old.I got into my time machine and keyed in the wor ds, “1981, 11 Niven Road, New York ” then pressed the button … In a moment, I was in front of a house, 11 Niven Road.I saw four children looking for a lost dog. They were my father, my uncle Tom, my aunts Peek and Janet. I went up to them and helped them look for their dog, Jack.We wanted to climb a hill and looked for Jack. When we reached the top, we heard a dog barking. “Jack!” my father shouted . Then we saw Jack was standing in front of a man.We asked the man to return Jack to us. The man had to give Jack back to us.Happily, We went back to 11 Niven Road and I said goodbye to them . My five hours were almost up. I ran to the machine and soon I was back in my time . What an unusual experience!（1）Which of the following is TRUE ?A . The time machine can take people to the past or the future for five hours.B . I wanted to see what my father was like ten years ago.C . I couldn't see what my father was like ten years ago.（2）When was my father born ?A . In 1971.B . In 1981.C . In 1991.（3）Why did we climb to the top of the hill ?A . Because we wanted to play games there .B . Because we wanted to look for the dog .C . Because we wanted to look for the man .（4）How long did I travel to the past ?A . 10 hoursB . 5 hoursC . 2 hours（5）Which is the best title ?A . An unusual experienceB . A lovely dog called JackC . An experience to the future5. （10分）阅读理解My daughter Becky graduated from Washington High School in June. During the graduation ceremony, one of her classmates gave a simple speech that I will always remember. She talked about the "givers" of this world. She said, "You will be a success if you make another person smile. If you are friendly to someone who needs a little help, you will get an ‘A'!"After the ceremony, when all of the students were outside the hall trying to find their parents and friends, a man and his wife came to me and asked if I was Becky's mom. I said yes and the man handed me a gift and began to tell me how much they appreciated Becky's kindness to their daughter, Jessica, during the school sports meeting the week before.Jessica's left leg was hurt and she was unable to finish the uphill race. Becky was worried about her and kept going back to check on her leg. Jessica's dad told me that Becky had shown more concern for his daughter than the coach, and that he and his wife would never forget her kindness. Of course, I had tears in my eyes. I was so proud of my daughter.I asked him, "So, does Becky get an 'A'?" He just smiled and said," She gets an 'A'!"（1） The speech that the writer will always remember is about _______.A . how to succeedB . helping othersC . how to study wellD . making friends（2） After the ceremony, Jessica's parents looked for the writer to _______.A . give her a gift from BeckyB . ask her how to get an "A"C . learn about Jessica's characterD . thank her for Becky's concern for Jessica（3） According to the passage, we know that Becky was a person who _______.A . liked to help othersB . studied very wellC . was popular with her classmatesD . couldn't go to the graduation ceremony（4） We can learn from the passage that _______.A . people should show their kindness to othersB . students should get an "A" in every subject at schoolC . parents should educate their children properlyD . a gift should be given to people who offer to help参考答案一、阅读理解 (共5题；共42分)1、答案：略2、答案：略3、答案：略4、答案：略5、答案：略。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)B卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）B卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解Can you imagine a pair of shoes that could tie themselves? All you have to do is put them on and push a button. Well, this idea is becoming a reality. The shoe company Nike created the self-tying shoe! This idea first came from the film Back to the Future II, Nike has been working for years to create a shoe that can do this in real life. They have finally done it with Nike HyperAdapt 1.0.So how does it work? According to Nike, the shoe is “powered by an underfoot-lacing mechanism(脚下系带装置) small motor that has the power to lace the shoes, All you have to do is put them on, and at first, the shoes are very loose(松的). But then you can push the "+" perfect fit for you. To take them off, all you have to do is push the "-" button, and the shoes will be easily off.They haven't been widely released to the public yet, and the price of the shoes is quite high.（1） The best title to describe the main idea of the passage is "__________"A . Shoes of the future are now a realityB . Shoes of the future are coming themselvesC . The shoe company Nike and its filmD . Shoes and films are doing their work（2） When did the shoe company Nike start creating the self-tying shoe?A . Not until the imagination came into being.B . Soon after the shoe company Nike was formed.C . After the film Back to the Future Ⅱ was shown.D . Before the film Back to the Future Ⅱ was formed.（3） What makes the self-tying shoe work?A . The power from Nike.B . An underfoot-lacing mechanism.C . Nike HyperAdaPt 1.0D . Setting a small button with a motor.（4） The first thing for the wearer to do after putting the shoes on is __________.A . make them looseB . make the perfect fitC . push the "-" bottonD . push the "+" botton2. （12分） (2019九下·宿豫期中) 阅读理解Solar storms shake Earth's magnetic field(磁场). They not only influence human technology, but also animals, reported Forbes.Studies show that many animals use changes in Earth's magnetic field to find directions. These changes provide the animals a general compass(指南针) for south and north. Animals can also use them as landmarks.For example, scientists have found special cells in part of a bird's eye nervous system(神经系统). They seem to react to changes in the magnetic field.Some fish species, like the common trout，have cells with magnetic sensors in their nasal cavity(鼻腔). In 1994 "magnetic sense" was also discovered in sea turtles.Some whale species may use magnetic sense to navigate (导航) the oceans. A dysfunction of this sense may explain the still mysterious beachings (动物搁浅). Sometimes several hundred animals, such as whales and dolphins, are driven out of water along beaches. They usually can't breathe under their own weight and die slowly.（1） What do many animals use to find directions?A . Solar storms.B . Magnetic field.C . Changes in magnetic fieldD . General compass（2） Which of the following animals is mentioned in the passage?A . DogB . Trout.C . Wolf.D . Panda.（3） What does the underlined word "dysfunction" in paragraph 5 mean in Chinese?A . 机能正常B . 机能失调C . 机能更新D . 机能优化（4） Why whales and dolphins die after being driven out of water?A . Because they are too heavy.B . Because there is no water.C . Because they have no magnetic senseD . Because they are hungry.3. （10分）(2016·福州) 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)(I)卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）（I）卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解Art, as we know, is subjective. What one person considers a priceless masterpiece others might see as nothing more than a giant black square. But there's one very specific kind of painting that almost everyone sees the same way-the kind with the" "strange" eyes that seem to follow you around the room. So what causes this optical illusion (视觉错觉) and how do artists achieve this effect?It turns out, for even a moderately skilled artist, this effect isn't a difficult thing to achieve, In fact, the artists need to use a little illusion of depth, making the person depicted on the canvas appears somewhat 3D on a 2D canvas, and to adjust .the gaze (凝视) of the eyes so that they would be looking at someone standing right in front of the picture.So what exactly is going on here in our brains that then makes it seem like the eyes follow you even if you move away from being front and center? As demonstrated by a team of researchers from Ohio State University, as you move to the side, the "near? and "far" points of the 2D image don't really change. These near and far points are defined as visible points that, if the image was 3D, would appear nearest and furthest away from the viewer at a given angle.The idea is simple. No matter what angle you look at a paining from, the painting itself doesn'tchange. You're looking at a flat surface. The key is that the near points and far points of the picture remained the same no matter the angle the picture was viewed from. When observing real surfaces in the natural environment the near and far points vary when we change viewing direction. When we observe a picture on the wall, the visual information that defines near and far points is unaffected by viewing direction. Still, we willingly accept and interpret the thing in the painting as if it were a real object.Thus, because the perspective, shadows, and light on the painting don't change as you move around, if the eyes in the painting would be staring directly at the observer who is standing in front of the painting, it creates something of an optical illusion in your brain so that the eyes will continue to seem to stare at you as you move to the side.In contrast to the eyes following you trick, if the artist tweaks the painting a bit, for example the artist adjusts the gaze of the eyes so that the eyes are looking off somewhere else instead of directly looking at a potential observer, no matter where you stand, the eyes will never seem to be looking at you.The technique first began popularly showing up in art around the 14th century when the artist and architect Fillipo Brunelleshi introduced the art world to the idea of "linear perspective", being painting with the idea of everything in the picture converging (聚集) on a specific point on the horizon, creating the illusion of depth. Linear perspective, combined with skilled use of light and shadow, allows artists to create masterfully realistic paintings, including sometimes of people that stare at you creepily no matter where you stand.（1） What's the writer's purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A . To lead in the question why staring eyes seem to follow us in a painting,B . To make a comparison between a priceless masterpiece and a black square.C . To introduce the topic that the optical illusion can make the painting look real.D . To prove that people can think alike when they admire a certain kind of painting.（2） What can we learn from the passage?A . The visible points of the image won't change in the natural environment.B . The near and far points of a painting are affected by our viewing direction.C . The viewing direction of viewers can make the image in the painting look tealD . The optical illusion in our brain makes us feel the eyes in the painting staring at us.（3） The 3rd paragraph is mainly about __________.A . who took part in the research.B . how long the research lasted.C . what was found in the research,D . how the research was performed.（4） What's the meaning of the underlined word "tweak" in the passage?A . changeB . decorateC . moveD . turn2. （12分）阅读理解Around the world, there are about 7,000 National Parks. Most of them cover huge areas of land where nobody lives. However, the National Parks in England include places where people live and work, as well as wild areas where there are few human activities.The National Parks in England are called "England's Breathing Spaces" because they are places where people can go to be in the open air, away from the dirt and noise of cities. They provide wonderful scenes of mountains, woods, grasslands and wetlands. And there are plenty of activities to do in all of the National Parks in England. Visitors can walk or ride bikes for fun. Many of the parks put on activities for families.Every year there are about 110 million visitors to the parks, bringing many benefits(益处) to the areas. At the same time, it creates problems, too.First, life can be difficult for local people. Car parks and roads are too crowded. Gift shops and cafes take the place of many everyday shops. Even house prices in some areas can become too high. Besides, country roads can be damaged, for too many people walk, cycle or ride horses on them. Roads can be rebuilt, but then they look less natural. Another big problem to the National Parks is litter. In the parks it is a danger to wild animals. Broken glass can also cause fires by focusing the rays of the sun. Such fires in wild places can be out of control._______All National Parks in England are making more rules, which tell people how to take good care of their environment. If these rules are followed, the National Parks will be well kept and continue to give pleasure to many people for a very long time.（1） Visitors to the National Parks in England can _______.A . give food to wild animalsB . drive cars on the grasslandsC . enjoy fresh air and peaceful timeD . have fun farming with local people（2） The third paragraph mainly tells us _______.A . the problems of the National ParksB . the pollution caused by visitorsC . the development of the National ParksD . the benefits brought by visitors（3） Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank inParagraph 4?A . What can people get?B . How can people help?C . What are the National Parks like?D . How are the National Parks set up?（4） The passage is probably taken from the _______ part of a magazine.A . transportB . wildlifeC . historyD . geography3. （10分） (2017八下·句容期中) 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析
（英语）英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Supercomputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to become seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express.The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen "at risk" patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said: "I am so excited about this form of technology." Instead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. "I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare."The technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London. He used AI to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years. Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.He found the technique forecast outcomes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 per cent accuracy. Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16 percent of patients who went on to die. "This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient." Prof Young said, "Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier."（1）What does the underlined phrase "screen" in Paragraph2 mean?A. comfortB. treatC. spotD. nurse（2）How do supercomputers help save lives?A. By storing blood samples.B. By analyzing patients' cases.C. By observing changes in blood cells.D. By assisting doctors with their operations.（3）Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution?A. To show the influence of AI.B. To stress the importance of health care.C. To introduce the topic of supercomputers.D. To present the achievement he has accomplished.（4）What do we know about the new technology?A. It helps patients recover earlier.B. It has helped save thousands of lives.C. It will promote the health service greatly.D. It is intended for patients with kidney diseases.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病，每年可以挽救数万人的生命。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)(II )卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）（II ）卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·杭州模拟) 阅读理解Using iPads to Make Learning FunPaper, pencil, whiteboard, textbook are the tools you need if you want to go to school. But recently, you can add another one to the list: an iPad.Because the popular Apple tablet is not only useful for searching the Internet and watching videos, but it is also being used to make learning fun.Scientists now know that we learn better when we are enjoying ourselves, so recently software developers have made iPad applications(应用程序) that look like video games, but have strong educational content. One of the best examples of this new form of teaching application is Futaba, game in which up to four children try to recognize a spinning旋转的）object, and then identify what it is. The game can be used to teach English, math, foreign languages, or just about anything, and students love it. Teachers can even make their own questions. The important thing is that children enjoy the game, and don't even realize how much they are learning!So the next time you have to choose between making your child study or letting them play game, justremember——they could do both at the same time!（1） What can be added to the school thing list according to the passage?A . An ipad.B . An English textbook.C . A pencil.D . A whiteboard.（2） What does the underlined word "tablet" probably mean in Chinese in this passage?A . 药片B . 掌上电脑C . 牌匾D . 桌子（3） Futaba is _______.A . an old kind of classroomB . a new outdoor activityC . a new educational applicationD . a very old tool of teaching（4） Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A . Scientists think that we learn better when we are enjoying ourselves.B . Futaba can only be used to teach languages.C . Teachers can make their own questions usingD . The writer thinks children can study and have fun playing games at the same time.2. （12分）阅读理解When on the go or traveling, a Disposable(一次性) Toothbrush might be just the product for you, Typically, a Disposable Toothbrush is made out of a plastic material, with toothpaste already on the brush head. Just add water while you are using it. In some new Disposable Toothbrush models, the toothpaste comes automatically(自动地) as you squeeze (挤) the handle of the toothbrush.Colgate has upped the competition in the Disposable Toothbrush market by creating a Disposable Toothbrush that you can use at your desk at work, in your car, or after eating at a restaurant. This toothbrush is called the Colgate Wisp, and is about the size of an index finger. The toothbrush can get to those places that are hard to reach just like a regular toothbrush. No water is necessary when using this toothbrush, making it very useful and convenient. A pack of four of the Colgate Wisp's run at about $2.99. If you are one of those people that like to brush your teeth throughout the day but hate the hassle of carrying a toothbrush and toothpaste around, this is perfect! is a website that allows different people to share their thoughts and experiences on a certain product. The website gives a general review on the Colgate Wisp，and following the review, people are able to share their first-hand feelings with readers. This is helpful if you are interested in purchasing the Wisp. Visit their website here: .However, people throw them away after using them only once. It is a kind of waste and is very bad for the environment. If you travel to Beijing， remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposable goods.（1） What do you need to do when you use a typical Disposable Toothbrush?A . Use my index finger.B . Add water to the toothbrush.C . Brush my teeth three times,D . Buy it from gadgets. .（2） What does the underlined word "hassle" in Paragraph 2 mean?A . Trouble.B . Habit.C . Time.D . Idea.（3） What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?A . We should try to avoid using the disposable goods.B . Hotels in Beijing don't like the disposable goods.C . Travelers like the disposable goods very much.D . The disposable goods are made out of plastics.（4） What is the best title for the passage?A . Environment protectionB . The Disposable ToothbrushC . Colgate WispD . 3. （10分）根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)C卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）C卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws. Hong Kong officers once found 131, 000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste or e-waste. Dealing with e-waste is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury(汞)and lead(铅)can be found in e-waste. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as" the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1. 5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers. An environmental group has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.The Chinese government wants to develop, but in a way that doesn't do harm to the environment and people's life. China passed a new environmental protection law in 2015, the strictest one we have ever ha D. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the companies that make computers know how to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.（1） The e-waste found in Hong Kong was from __________.A . FranceB . JapanC . GermanyD . Australia（2）The underlined word “buried” probably means __________ in Chinese.A . 焚烧B . 降解C . 回收D . 掩埋（3） The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province__________.A . is the e-capital of the worldB . has serious e-waste pollutionC . deals with the e-waste safelyD . spends much money on e-waste（4） The passage is mainly about __________.A . the ways to deal with e-wasteB . the cost of burning e-wasteC . the e-waste problem in ChinaD . the need to pass a law against e-waste2. （12分）(2019·靖江模拟) 阅读理解You can not see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light. Such things are luminous. Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous bodies moon. For example, does not give off any light of its own. It is non-luminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in our direction. So moon light is only second hand sunlight.When you look at a book, it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open.Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380 000 kilometers away, in only a little more than a second.（1） You can see the book because ________ .A . your eyes are close to itB . it reflects some of the sunlightC . it has light of its ownD . your eyesight can get to it（2） The underlined word "luminous" means ________ .A . VisibleB . all colorsC . giving off lightD . sunlight（3） Light traces about ________ kilometers per second.A . 380 000B . 300000C . 400000D . 190000（4） Which of the following is true?A . The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes.B . Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.C . All the things you can see give off light.D . Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.（5） What is the main idea of the passage?A . You can see and read a book because you open your eyes.B . Some objects are luminous, some not.C . You can see things because of light.D . Light travels very fast so you cannot notice it.3. （10分）(2019·紫金模拟) 阅读理解Many people know Shanghai's beautiful night view(景色), especially the colorful lights from the buildings. Light helps us see and makes the environment more beautiful. However, too much light becomes a kind of pollution but many of us pay little attention to this pollution or even ignore it. In fact, it causes a lot of problems. Light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution.Too much light can do harm to our health. First, it can make us feel bad and we can't sleep well. Second, lights need electricity, and creating electricity will give off greenhouse gases. This affects the air and causes breathing problems. Third, study shows people living under bright light for long can have cancer more easily.Too much light may be even harmful to wild animals. Thousands of birds die from it each year. Some hit into the light buildings, because they can't see clearly in the strong light. Some birds sometimes lose their ways in the bright light Sea turtles(海龟) can't find the dark beaches to lay their eggs.To protect humans and wildlife, we should take measures to reduce the use of lights at night.（1） Shanghai's night is beautiful because of the ____.A . tall buildingsB . colorful lightsC . nice seaD . wild animals（2） The underlined word "ignore" means _____ in Chinese.A . 熟悉B . 忽视C . 消除D . 防治（3） According to the passage, light pollution can be almost as bad as ______pollutionA . airB . waterC . noiseD . soil（4） Which of the following is wrong?A . Too much light can do harm to wild animals.B . Birds can't see clearly because the light is too brightC . Birds sometimes lose their way because of the bright light.D . Sea turtles can't find the dark beaches to rest.（5） The main idea of the passage is _____.A . the measures to reduce the use of lights at nightB . the reasons why thousands of birds die each yearC . the harm of light pollutionD . how to protect ourselves from the bright light4. （10分） Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends upon ourselves.” In other word s, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future —for example, getting into college or getting a good job —that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life's simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as swimming. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.（1）The best title（标题）of the passage is ________.A . Money Makes You HappyB . The Secrets of HappinessC . Ideas for Helping Other People to Be HappyD . Good Friends Make You Happy（2）The second paragraph tells us that ________.A . the more friends you have, the happier you will beB . we shouldn't think about our futureC . happiness is to enjoy the simple things in lifeD . some people fail to live a happy life（3）The passage gives us ________ pieces of advice on happiness.A . oneB . twoC . threeD . four（4）The writer thinks that ________.A . everyone knows how to live a happier lifeB . it's wrong to spend time on workC . hobbies take up too much timeD . doing good things for someone can make you happier（5）Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A . Reading a good book.B . Traveling to a foreign country.C . Playing a sport.D . Spending time with close friends.5. （10分）阅读A篇短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题练习(及答案)及解析
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题练习(及答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。
人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·泉州模拟) 阅读理解We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak. Grass doesn't cry when you cut it; flowers don't shout when they're picked. But this view of the world couldn't be more wrong. Plants talk to each other all the time. Their language is one of chemicals.Over the years, scientists have found that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, send compounds(复合物)into the air to help neighboring plants. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still a mystery.Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects. To start out, they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube(管子). One plant had been bitten by insects. The other was not bitten.They found that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants don't sit quietly. They send a chemical called "hexvic" into the air. Humans can't notice it, but these chemicals carry a smell that neighboring plants can notice. This way, neighboring plants realize the danger and begin to give off more "hexvic" to protect themselves.The same scientists continued their research by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten. The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders, much more than their neighbor.It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn't send the chemical until the received a warning message from their infested(受侵的)neighbor, the scientists said. These findings could be used to help farmers with the control of the insects which do harm to their plants.（1） When bitten by insects, the tomato plant __________ .A . stayed quiet without doing anythingB . died immediately after thatC . sent out a chemical to warn othersD . wouldn't be hurt again by the same insects（2） What does the underlined word "invaders" in Paragraph 5 refer to?A . ScientistsB . Insects.C . Compounds.D . Farmers.（3） What can we learn from the research?A . Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects.B . The smell of hexvic is a kind of warning message.C . Hexvic can help plants kill all the insects near them.D . Plants won't give off chemicals until they are hurt.（4） Which of the following is True according to the passage?A . Plants don't communicate with each other.B . Scientists did the research with two plants bitten by insects.C . The findings of the research help farmers to protect their plants.D . Communication among plants is no longer a mystery.（5） What's the best title of the passage?A . Growing TomatoesB . Talking PlantsC . Harmful ChemicalsD . Scientific Researches2. （12分）阅读理解As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.Scientists have found out that radiation(辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The damage(危害) done by radiation won't be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really helpful medicine has been.Space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there are 9, 000man﹣made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk. An explosion(爆炸) in 1996made a cloud of 300, 000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size, and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage. Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working on helpful ways to do with space junk.Although space is really dangerous, it interests everyone on the earth. In the near future, it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.（1）shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.A .B .C .D .（2） Space junk and radiation in space are dangerous to .A . spacemen working in spaceB . people only on the earthC . all the people except childrenD . the old people on the earth（3） The underlined word "fragments" means " ".A . 烟雾B . 泡沫C . 云块D . 碎片（4） Which of the following about the passage (短文) is TRUEA . The passage tells us that radiation in space comes from the sun and other stars.B . Every one of us can make a trip to space now.C . Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.D . People are afraid to travel to space because it's too dangerous.（5） The best title(标题) of the passage is .A . Space RadiationB . Space DangerC . Space JunkD . Space Travel3. （10分） In the most southern part of our planet, there's a place that's covered with snow and ice all year round. But it has the clearest and cleanest air. Amazingly, in this place, the sun sometimes hangs even in the midnight sky. This place is Antarctica (南极洲): the coldest, windiest and harshest (恶劣的) place on the Earth.As the world's least-known place, Antarctica is of great interest to scientists around the world. In 1983, China joined the Antarctic Treaty (《南极条约》). The treaty made Antarctica a peaceful place for member countries to do scientific research. During 30 years, China has sent many scientists to Antarctica. They mostly look at the resources under the icy land and do research about climate change and marine (海洋的) biology.Antarctica is a place with fantastic views. However, life there is very hard. Food is one of the biggest problems. Frozen food which can be heated easily is people’s daily food. Fresh vegetables are hard to grow in the cold weather. Therefore, scientists often eat dried or canned vegetables.Sleep is also troublesome. In Antarctica, summer lasts from November to March. During this period, Antarctica points to the sun and receives sunlight 24 hours a day. In order to get some sleep, scientists cover the windows with black plastic cloth to create “night”.Working in Antarctica is dangerous, especially when meeting gale-force(七级以上的)winds.Sometimes the wind is even stronger than a typhoon.It can easily blow people away.So there are ropes that connectbuildings of some research stations.People can hold these ropes to keep their balance in forceful winds.What's more, communicating with others is difficult. Without cables and Internet in some research stations, two-way radios are the only tools to communicate. If people want to say hello to friends and relatives, they can use satellite phones.Although it is challenging（挑战） to work in Antarctica, scientists' passion to learn about this mysterious land will never end. It is hopeful that one day they will step every corner of this icy land.（1）Scientists from China go to Antarctica to _____.A . find out ways to control water pollutionB . research climate change and marine biologyC . grow plants and vegetables in special conditionD . stop the hunters from killing the marine biology（2）In order to sleep well in Antarctica, the scientists have to _____.A . wear more clothes to keep warmB . cover the windows with black clothC . connect research stations with ropesD . eat more fried and canned vegetables（3）We can replace (替换) the underlined word passion in the last paragraph with .A . strong loveB . full preparationC . pleasant introductionD . amazing imagination（4）The passage is mainly about .A . view of the AntarcticaB . exploring the AntarcticaC . how to survive in the AntarcticaD . climate changes of the Antarctica4. （10分） What might the future be like? Here are some predictions(预言).Returning home during the Spring Festival is difficult for many Chinese people. More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making buying travel tickets and the journey difficult. But 28 years later, Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all. China plans to build more railways and a fast transportation network that will serve 90% of the population by 2020. And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so it will no longer be a problem.Oil is running out faster than expected. But scientists have found something else for oil as fuel(燃料). Coal, natural gas, sun power, nuclear power(核能) and even water can take the place of oil as energy.Schools will go electronic. Computers will be important and popular among the students. Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school. They will find information on the Internet. A computer will be the students’ library, schoolbag and connection to the outside world. Ther e will be robot teachers, they will check homework on computers and communicate with the students’ parents through e-mail. And school buses will be like spaceships, comfortable and safe.（1）More than 2 billion people have a hard time returning home during according to the passage.A . Christmas DayB . National DayC . the Spring FestivalD . the Mid-autumn Festival（2）In 2020, China will build a fast transportation network that will serve of the population.A . 60%B . 70%C . 80%D . 90%（3）is not mentioned in the passage as energy.A . CoalB . WindC . Nuclear powerD . Water（4）From the passage we can know in the future.A . the Spring Festival travel may still be a problem in ChinaB . 90% of the population will live in the cityC . robot teachers will check students’ homeworkD . readers can discuss topics with each other face to face（5）What's the main idea of the last paragraph?A . Schools will go electronic.B . Computers will be important.C . There will be robot teachers.D . School buses will be like spaceships.5. （10分）根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
浙教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
浙教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）阅读理解My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body was. I got different answers at different ages.When I was young, I thought sound was very important to us, so I said, "My ears, Mum. "But she shook her head and said no. Several years passed, and she asked me again. I believed that I got the right answer after thinking it over. So I told her，"Sight is very important to everyone, so it must be our eyes. "But she told me I was wrong. I tried many times after that, but her answer was always the same. Till last year, my grandma died. Everybody was crying, and everybody was hurt. My mom looked at me and asked me with tears in her eyes，"Do you know the answer now？"I was surprised when she asked me this question then. "My son, the answer is your shoulder. Everyone needs a shoulder to cry on. "Finally, I realized (意识到)all she hoped is that I can have enough love and friends so that I will have a shoulder to cry on when I need it.（1） According to the passage, ________ are the most important part of the body.A . eyesB . earsC . feetD . shoulders（2） The writer gave ________ to the same question at different ages.A . the same answerB . different answersC . four answersD . the right answer（3） ________ gave the right answer to the question at last.A . The writer's fatherB . The writer's motherC . The writerD . The writer's grandma（4） The writer got the right answer on the day when ________.A . his grandma diedB . somebody was hurtC . his mother was surprisedD . he was young2. （12分）阅读理解Art, as we know, is subjective. What one person considers a priceless masterpiece others might see as nothing more than a giant black square. But there's one very specific kind of painting that almost everyone sees the same way-the kind with the" "strange" eyes that seem to follow you around the room.So what causes this optical illusion (视觉错觉) and how do artists achieve this effect?It turns out, for even a moderately skilled artist, this effect isn't a difficult thing to achieve, In fact, the artists need to use a little illusion of depth, making the person depicted on the canvas appears somewhat 3D on a 2D canvas, and to adjust .the gaze (凝视) of the eyes so that they would be looking at someone standing right in front of the picture.So what exactly is going on here in our brains that then makes it seem like the eyes follow you even if you move away from being front and center? As demonstrated by a team of researchers from Ohio State University, as you move to the side, the "near? and "far" points of the 2D image don't really change. These near and far points are defined as visible points that, if the image was 3D, would appear nearest and furthest away from the viewer at a given angle.The idea is simple. No matter what angle you look at a paining from, the painting itself doesn't change. You're looking at a flat surface. The key is that the near points and far points of the picture remained the same no matter the angle the picture was viewed from. When observing real surfaces in the natural environment the near and far points vary when we change viewing direction. When we observe a picture on the wall, the visual information that defines near and far points is unaffected by viewing direction. Still, we willingly accept and interpret the thing in the painting as if it were a real object.Thus, because the perspective, shadows, and light on the painting don't change as you move around, if the eyes in the painting would be staring directly at the observer who is standing in front of the painting, it creates something of an optical illusion in your brain so that the eyes will continue to seem to stare at you as you move to the side.In contrast to the eyes following you trick, if the artist tweaks the painting a bit, for example the artist adjusts the gaze of the eyes so that the eyes are looking off somewhere else instead of directly looking at a potential observer, no matter where you stand, the eyes will never seem to be looking at you.The technique first began popularly showing up in art around the 14th century when the artist and architect Fillipo Brunelleshi introduced the art world to the idea of "linear perspective", being painting with the idea of everything in the picture converging (聚集) on a specific point on the horizon, creating the illusion of depth. Linear perspective, combined with skilled use of light and shadow, allows artists to create masterfully realistic paintings, including sometimes of people that stare at you creepily nomatter where you stand.（1） What's the writer's purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A . To lead in the question why staring eyes seem to follow us in a painting,B . To make a comparison between a priceless masterpiece and a black square.C . To introduce the topic that the optical illusion can make the painting look real.D . To prove that people can think alike when they admire a certain kind of painting.（2） What can we learn from the passage?A . The visible points of the image won't change in the natural environment.B . The near and far points of a painting are affected by our viewing direction.C . The viewing direction of viewers can make the image in the painting look tealD . The optical illusion in our brain makes us feel the eyes in the painting staring at us.（3） The 3rd paragraph is mainly about __________.A . who took part in the research.B . how long the research lasted.C . what was found in the research,D . how the research was performed.（4） What's the meaning of the underlined word "tweak" in the passage?A . changeB . decorateC . moveD . turn3. （10分） (2017八下·萧山期中) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·泉州模拟) 阅读理解We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak. Grass doesn't cry when you cut it; flowers don't shout when they're picked. But this view of the world couldn't be more wrong. Plants talk to each other all the time. Their language is one of chemicals.Over the years, scientists have found that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, send compounds(复合物)into the air to help neighboring plants. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still a mystery.Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects. To start out, they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube(管子). One plant had been bitten by insects. The other was not bitten.They found that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants don't sit quietly. They send a chemical called "hexvic" into the air. Humans can't notice it, but these chemicals carry a smell that neighboring plants can notice. This way, neighboring plants realize the danger and begin to give off more "hexvic" to protect themselves.The same scientists continued their research by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten. The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders, much more than their neighbor.It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn't send the chemical until the received a warning message from their infested(受侵的)neighbor, the scientists said. These findings could be used to help farmers with the control of the insects which do harm to their plants.（1） When bitten by insects, the tomato plant __________ .A . stayed quiet without doing anythingB . died immediately after thatC . sent out a chemical to warn othersD . wouldn't be hurt again by the same insects（2） What does the underlined word "invaders" in Paragraph 5 refer to?A . ScientistsB . Insects.C . Compounds.D . Farmers.（3） What can we learn from the research?A . Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects.B . The smell of hexvic is a kind of warning message.C . Hexvic can help plants kill all the insects near them.D . Plants won't give off chemicals until they are hurt.（4） Which of the following is True according to the passage?A . Plants don't communicate with each other.B . Scientists did the research with two plants bitten by insects.C . The findings of the research help farmers to protect their plants.D . Communication among plants is no longer a mystery.（5） What's the best title of the passage?A . Growing TomatoesB . Talking PlantsC . Harmful ChemicalsD . Scientific Researches2. （12分）阅读理解As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.Scientists have found out that radiation(辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The damage(危害) done by radiation won't be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really helpful medicine has been.Space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there are 9, 000man﹣made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk. An explosion(爆炸) in 1996made a cloud of 300, 000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size, and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage. Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working on helpful ways to do with space junk.Although space is really dangerous, it interests everyone on the earth. In the near future, it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.（1）shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.A .B .C .D .（2） Space junk and radiation in space are dangerous to .A . spacemen working in spaceB . people only on the earthC . all the people except childrenD . the old people on the earth（3） The underlined word "fragments" means " ".A . 烟雾B . 泡沫C . 云块D . 碎片（4） Which of the following about the passage (短文) is TRUEA . The passage tells us that radiation in space comes from the sun and other stars.B . Every one of us can make a trip to space now.C . Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.D . People are afraid to travel to space because it's too dangerous.（5） The best title(标题) of the passage is .A . Space RadiationB . Space DangerC . Space JunkD . Space Travel3. （10分） In the most southern part of our planet, there's a place that's covered with snow and ice all year round. But it has the clearest and cleanest air. Amazingly, in this place, the sun sometimes hangs even in the midnight sky. This place is Antarctica (南极洲): the coldest, windiest and harshest (恶劣的) place on the Earth.As the world's least-known place, Antarctica is of great interest to scientists around the world. In 1983, China joined the Antarctic Treaty (《南极条约》). The treaty made Antarctica a peaceful place for member countries to do scientific research. During 30 years, China has sent many scientists to Antarctica. They mostly look at the resources under the icy land and do research about climate change and marine (海洋的) biology.Antarctica is a place with fantastic views. However, life there is very hard. Food is one of the biggest problems. Frozen food which can be heated easily is people’s daily food. Fresh vegetables are hard to grow in the cold weather. Therefore, scientists often eat dried or canned vegetables.Sleep is also troublesome. In Antarctica, summer lasts from November to March. During this period, Antarctica points to the sun and receives sunlight 24 hours a day. In order to get some sleep, scientists cover the windows with black plastic cloth to create “night”.Working in Antarctica is dangerous, especially when meeting gale-force(七级以上的)winds.Sometimes the wind is even stronger than a typhoon.It can easily blow people away.So there are ropes that connectbuildings of some research stations.People can hold these ropes to keep their balance in forceful winds.What's more, communicating with others is difficult. Without cables and Internet in some research stations, two-way radios are the only tools to communicate. If people want to say hello to friends and relatives, they can use satellite phones.Although it is challenging（挑战） to work in Antarctica, scientists' passion to learn about this mysterious land will never end. It is hopeful that one day they will step every corner of this icy land.（1）Scientists from China go to Antarctica to _____.A . find out ways to control water pollutionB . research climate change and marine biologyC . grow plants and vegetables in special conditionD . stop the hunters from killing the marine biology（2）In order to sleep well in Antarctica, the scientists have to _____.A . wear more clothes to keep warmB . cover the windows with black clothC . connect research stations with ropesD . eat more fried and canned vegetables（3）We can replace (替换) the underlined word passion in the last paragraph with .A . strong loveB . full preparationC . pleasant introductionD . amazing imagination（4）The passage is mainly about .A . view of the AntarcticaB . exploring the AntarcticaC . how to survive in the AntarcticaD . climate changes of the Antarctica4. （10分） What might the future be like? Here are some predictions(预言).Returning home during the Spring Festival is difficult for many Chinese people. More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making buying travel tickets and the journey difficult. But 28 years later, Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all. China plans to build more railways and a fast transportation network that will serve 90% of the population by 2020. And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so it will no longer be a problem.Oil is running out faster than expected. But scientists have found something else for oil as fuel(燃料). Coal, natural gas, sun power, nuclear power(核能) and even water can take the place of oil as energy.Schools will go electronic. Computers will be important and popular among the students. Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school. They will find information on the Internet. A computer will be the students’ library, schoolbag and connection to the outside world. Ther e will be robot teachers, they will check homework on computers and communicate with the students’ parents through e-mail. And school buses will be like spaceships, comfortable and safe.（1）More than 2 billion people have a hard time returning home during according to the passage.A . Christmas DayB . National DayC . the Spring FestivalD . the Mid-autumn Festival（2）In 2020, China will build a fast transportation network that will serve of the population.A . 60%B . 70%C . 80%D . 90%（3）is not mentioned in the passage as energy.A . CoalB . WindC . Nuclear powerD . Water（4）From the passage we can know in the future.A . the Spring Festival travel may still be a problem in ChinaB . 90% of the population will live in the cityC . robot teachers will check students’ homeworkD . readers can discuss topics with each other face to face（5）What's the main idea of the last paragraph?A . Schools will go electronic.B . Computers will be important.C . There will be robot teachers.D . School buses will be like spaceships.5. （10分）根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)
英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆树) seed.The sizes of similarly named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south.Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet.At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely, which would mean that from May 20th2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell usA.Pound went before libra in measurement.B.Different things used to be adopted as measures.C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.（2）How does the author develop the second paragraphA.In time order.B.By analysis.C.In space order.D.By comparison.（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurementA.France.B.Liberia.C.America.D.Myanmar.（4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in VersaillesA.They will come up with seven new SI units.B.They will set May 20th as a new international festival.C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会，将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。
苏教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解(科普环保类)D卷
苏教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·苏州模拟) 阅读理解Most of us spend a third of our lives sleeping. Scientists have been studying the brain to learn what happens while we sleep. Scientists tell us that there are four stages(阶段)of sleep. During each stage our brain behaves differently, and so does our body. Each stage is marked by changes in the pattern of brain waves, which can be recorded by machines.In the first stage, we drift off to sleep. Our muscles(肌肉)begin to relax. Our heartbeat and breathing slow down. Body temperature and blood pressure(压力)begin to drop. Stage-two sleep is a time of small, fast brain waves. Our eyes move quickly from side to side as if watching a movie. This is known as rapid eye movement, or REM sleep. During REM sleep, dreaming takes place. In stage three the brain wave becomes slower again.Within about 45 minutes after falling sleep, we progress into the fourth stage – deep sleep. As this happens, our brain sends out slower but larger brain waves. This is the most restful kind of sleep, but it is also the time when sleepers are most likely to change positions or sleepwalk. After deep sleep we return to stage two. As the hours pass, we repeat the sleep cycle four or five times. Then we wake up.（1） How many stages of sleep do we repeat several times during a night?A . Two.B . Three.C . Four.D . Five.（2） When does a person most likely change his positions?A . When first falling asleep.B . During stage three.C . During REM sleep.D . During deep sleep.（3） Which of the following statements is TRUE?A . We can dream in all the stages of sleep, especially during REM sleep.B . It is impossible to record the pattern of our brain waves with machines.C . Our body, like our brain, behaves differently during each stage of sleep.D . It takes about 45 minutes to complete the sleep cycle after we fall asleep.2. （12分） (2019八下·天台期末) 阅读理解As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.Scientists have found out that the radiation(辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won't be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far. Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion(爆炸) in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000fragments, each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage(损坏).Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. People may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So scientists are doing everything they can to help improve the space environment.（1） How many kinds of dangers in space does the passage mention?A . One.B . Two.C . Three.D . Four.（2） Which of the following is TRUE?A . Scientists have found out many ways to solve problems in space.B . People can have a travel to space or even live in space in ten years.C . The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen's children.D . Space is really dangerous, so it only interests scientists on the earth.（3） ______ shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.A .B .C .D .（4） The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A . introduce what the space environment is like nowB . warn us the dangers in the space environment nowC . tell us spacemen are working hard to improve the space environmentD . explain why space rubbish has caused lots of damage to the environment3. （10分） (2018八上·裕安期中) 阅读理解Traveling can be expensive. But there are some ways to save money when traveling.Look for city tourism cards. With the card, you can pay less at restaurants and shops. You don't have to wait for a long time at busy attractions. You might even get free tickets to top tourist attractions.Don't get the best room. How long will you stay in your room? Will you just be sleeping there? Do you really need a bigger room with a good view? （景色）Find a hotel outside a city. It can help you save money by choosing a hotel away from big tourist attractions.Book(预定) a room with a kitchen. Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation, I don't mind making breakfast in my room. I'd rather eat breakfast and lunch at the hotel and then spend much money on a delicious supper.（1） With ____________, you can pay less at restaurants and shops.A . ID cardsB . tourism cardsC . bank cardsD . phone cards（2）The underlined words “tourist attractions” in Paragraph 2 mean ___________.A . 旅游方式B . 旅游设施C . 旅游手册D . 旅游景点（3） To save money, the writer advises tourists to ____________.A . get the best roomB . live near big tourist attractionsC . live away from big tourist attractionsD . take a map with them when traveling（4） The writer prefers to make breakfast and lunch in the hotel because ______________.A . they are healthier and more deliciousB . he likes cookers in the hotelC . there are not any restaurants in the neighborhoodD . he'd rather spend much money on a delicious supper（5） What does the passage mainly talk about?A . How to save money when traveling.B . How to get a tourism card.C . How to find a hotel outside a city.D . How to book a room on the Internet.4. （10分）阅读短文，下列问题BFather's Day has a very short history. It was started because there was a mother's Day,and just because some Americans thought that if we had a Mother's Day, we should also have a Father's Day. Father's Day has become important in North America. And businessmen found it was a good way to get people to buy a present for the fathers from their shops.By the way, very few countries have a Father's Day, though some have Children's Day, or a special day for boys and another for girls. More and more countries are having Mother's Day, so maybe Father's Day will become popular before too long. Now, what do people in North America do on Father's Day? The newspapers, radios, and TV tell children what they should buy Father's Day presents for their fathers. They even tell a wife to buy a Father's Day present----not for her father but for her husband, even if(即使) he is not a father. And they tell grandchildren to buy a present for their grandfathers.（1）Father's Day was started just because .A . there was a Mother's Day.B . there was a Children's Day.C . businessmen wanted to get a lot of money.D . people liked their father very much.（2）In North America, people have a Father's Day to .A . buy some presents only for their fathers.B . help their fathers do something.C . let their fathers have a good restD . show their love for their fathers or husbands.（3）On Father's Day, businessmen always want .A . people to buy as many presents as they can.B . children to buy presents only for their fathers.C . women to buy presents only for their husbands.D . only men with children to have presents.（4）We know from the passage that .A . the writer doesn't like Father's Day.B . many countries have a Father's Day.C . businessmen can get more money on Father's Day.D . Father's Day will become more important than Mother's Day.5. （10分） (2019八上·黔南期末) 阅读理解Robots are playing an important role in our life. They help us a lot.In factories, robots can help people do lots of work. They work faster and do not need a rest. People will feel bored if they do the same job again and again, but robots will not. And they can work in same dangerous places. Usually people cannot.In our homes, robots are useful, too. They can help us do some cooking. They can help blind people read newspapers and help the old people move some heavy things. They are our best friends. They are clean and do not need to eat food.However, robots are not as clever as people. They cannot think like us. If we do not "'teach" them how to do things first, they can do nothing.（1） From the passage we know that ________ are playing an important role in our life.A . newspapersC . computersD . telephones（2） Robots will not feel ________ if they do the same job again and again?A . relaxedB . happyC . boredD . dangerous（3） In our homes, robots can help peopleA . do some cookingB . have a restC . do homeworkD . do dangerous work（4） Robots are ________ than people. They can't think like us.A . mole cleverB . less cleverC . more dangerousD . less dangerous（5） If we don't "teach" robots how to do things, they can do ________.A . somethingB . everythingC . nothing参考答案一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1、答案：略2、答案：略3、答案：略4、答案：略5、答案：略。
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题练习(及答案)含解析
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题练习(及答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析
英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, D.C, has been studying language learning for more than 20 years.Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or co-opted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancient-older even than humans themselves."This study examines the theoretical framework (准则) that language is learned, stored and' processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain."Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process."Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory', such as, 'Oh, remember what you said last night' or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory' such as how you learn to ride a bicycle." Or, Ullman adds, "These procedural memory skills become so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them."However, Ullman explains that the two long-term memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child's brain. "Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may come more naturally. They don't have to think about the grammar rules before speaking."In addition to language learners, Ullman's study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (阅读障碍). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human's memory systems?A. By examining the brain with his team.B. By studying language learning over years.C. By comparing different languages year after year.D. By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of "motor memory"?A. Learning to make a model plane.B. Remembering the grammar patternsC. Repeating what you heard.D. Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word "it" refer to?A. Declarative memory.B. An adult language learner.C. Using grammar patterns.D. A second language.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B. A new research helps people learn a new language.C. Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D. Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述Michael Ullman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、阅读理解 (共5题；共52分)1. （10分）(2019·无锡) 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In 1845, a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the death of single crop species (物种) might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine(饥荒). Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider scale.Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. Each species has special qualities. Some can be grown in very hot or cold climates. Others are not affected by certain diseases. However, you won't find many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.For example, in the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In China, 90 percent of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past century, we have allowed more than half of the world's food varieties to disappear.One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds (种子) as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five contients. More recently, others are continuing the work he began.In the U.S. state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like theseeds her great –grandfather brought to the U.S. from Germany more than a hundred years ago. She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds.More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm don't just store the seeds; they plant them. By doing this, they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that haven't been grown for years. These food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.（1） What is this passage mainly about?A . The need to protect different food species.B . How to increase the number of food species.C . The fact that many food species are dying out.D . How to prevent food species from disappearing.（2） Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again?A . Because people depend on certain species of food crops.B . Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.C . Because the world's population is larger than that in 1845.D . Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.（3） The following sentence would best be placed at the end of ________.Meanwhile, thousands of other species are dying out.A . Paragraph 1B . Paragraph 2C . Paragraph 3D . Paragraph 4（4） What can we learn from the passage?A . The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.B . Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.C . People have been storing seeds to save plane varieties for less than 100 years.D . Heritage Farm is the first place in the U.S. for people to store and trade seeds.2. （12分）(2019·舟山模拟) 阅读理解Sheridan is a town in Indiana, USA. There are lots of trees near the public schools in the town. Their leaves turn sunlight into energy（能量）.In Sheridan, the sun not just provides energy for plants. It keeps schools running, too. The schools use solar panels（太阳能电池板） to turn sunlight into energy.The science behind solar energy is not new. But Sheridan Community Schools is the first school district(学区) in Indiana to be completely solar-powered. The district finished putting in solar panels for all three of its schools in 2016. Some of the panels can turn to follow the sun across the sky.In 2008, fewer than 1. 000 schools used solar power. By 2014, there were 3, 727 schools with solar panels in the USA. These numbers come from a report by the Solar Foundation. Roxie Brown, a program director there said that the number of schools with solar panels has continued to go up since 2014.Solar energy has some advantages over other energy sources(来源). Sunlight is a renewable source, which means it won't run out. Solar panels don't harm the environment. Also, sunlight is free. So by using solar power, schools can save money on energy costs.Brown thinks more schools should run on solar energy. "The sun is Earth s energy source," she says. "We're trying to make it the energy source for our houses cars and schools, too."But using solar energy isn't always easy. Solar panels can be expensive to put in. The panels also take up space. But for many schools, going solar is worth it.（1） What does the underlined word "It" refer to?A . A plant.B . The sun.C . A district.D . The solar panel.（2） Sheridan Community Schools put in solar panels .A . in 2008B . for all its schoolsC . with the help of the Solar FoundationD . together with other 1, 000 schools in the USA（3） What does the underlined word "renewable" mean in Chinese?A . 可开发的B . 可替代的C . 可再生的D . 可加工的（4） Which of the following is the writer's opinion?A . Solar panels will take up less space.B . It may cost a lot to put in solar panels.C . It will never be difficult to use solar energy.D . Going solar is a wise choice for every school.3. （10分）根据短文理解，完成下列各题。