2019年6月CET4阅读选词填空题解析：啤酒篇

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2019年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析(5)

2019年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析(5)Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. Peoplethink a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you willfind the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in theright. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properlyto each other in daily life --- nations and countries havenot learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinio n, the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that ________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be Remembered 参考答案：BDABC。

英语四级考试：2019年06月考试真题和答案解析[第3套]

英语四级考试：2019年06月考试真题和答案解析[第3套]Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the first place you would like totake him/her to see and why?_________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________Part IIListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be apause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, anddecide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.1.A.It was mainly meant for cancer patients.B.It might appeal more to viewers over 40.C.It was frequently interrupted by commercials.D.It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer.2.A.The man admires the woman's talent in writing.B.The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest.C.The woman is a photographer.D.The man is fond of traveling.3.A.The man placed the reading list on a desk.B.The man regrets being absent-minded.C.The woman saved the man some trouble.D.The woman emptied the waste paper basket.4.A.He has left the army recently.B.He quit teaching in June.C.He has taken over his brother's business.D.He opened a restaurant near the school.5.A.She read only part of the book.B.She is interested in reading novels.C.She seldom reads books from cover to cover.D.She was eager to know what the book was about.6.A.She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized.B.She was absent all week owing to sickness.C.She was seriously injured in a car accident.D.She had to be away from school to attend to her husband.7.A.The man lives two blocks away from the Smiths.B.The woman is not sure if she is on the right street.C.The Smiths' new house is not far from their old one.D.The speakers want to rent the Smiths' old house.8.A.The man couldn't find his car in the parking lot.B.The man had a hard time finding a parking space.C.The woman found they had got to the wrong spot.D.The woman was offended by the man's late arrival.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.The hotel clerk couldn't find his reservation for that night.B.The hotel clerk tried to take advantage of his inexperience.C.The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name.D.The hotel clerk insisted that he didn't make any reservation.10.A.A grand wedding was being held in the hotel.B.It was a busy season for holiday-makers.C.The hotel was undergoing major repairs.D.There was a conference going on in the city.11.A.It was free of charge on weekends.B.It was offered to frequent guests only.C.It had a 15% discount on weekdays.D.It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels.12.A.Demand compensation from the hotel.B.Find a cheaper room in another hotel.C.Ask for an additional discountplain to the hotel manager.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A.Secretary of Birmingham Medical School.B.Head of the Overseas Students Office.C.Assistant Director of the Admissions Office.D.An employee in the city council at Birmingham.14.A.A small number are from the Far East.B.A large majority are from Latin America.C.About fifteen percent are from Africa.D.Nearly fifty percent are foreigners.15.A.She will have more contact with students.B.She will be more involved in policy-making.C.It will be less demanding than her present job.D.It will bring her capability into fuller play.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.Her parents immigrated to America.B.Her parents set up an ice-cream store.C.Her parents left Chicago to work on a farm.D.Her parents thrived in the urban environment.17.A.He was born with a limp.B.He taught English in Chicago.C.He worked to become an executive.D.He was crippled in a car accident.18.A.She was fascinated by American culture.B.She was very generous in offering help.C.She was highly devoted to her family.D.She was fond of living an isolated life.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.He was seriously injured.B.He was wrongly diagnosed.C.He developed a strange disease.D.He suffered a nervous breakdown.20.A.He raced to the nursing home.B.He was able to talk again.C.He could tell red and blue apart.D.He could not recognize his wife.21.A.Two and a half months.B.Twenty-nine days.C.Fourteen hours.D.Several minutes.22.A.They released a video of his progress.B.They avoided appearing on television.C.They welcomed the publicity in the media.D.They declined to give details of his condition.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A.For farmers to exchange their daily necessities.B.For people to share ideas and show farm “products.C.For officials to educate the farming community.D.For farmers to celebrate their harvests.24.A.By offering to do volunteer work at the fair.B.By bringing an animal rarely seen on nearby farms.C.By bringing a bag of grain in exchange for a ticket.D.By performing a special skill at the entrance.25.A.They help to increase the state governments' revenue.B.They contribute to the modernization of American farms.C.They remind Americans of the importance of agriculture.D.They provide a stage for people to give performances.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.Students' pressure sometimes comes from their parents.Most parents are (26) __________,butsomeofthemaren'tveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein(27) __________college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children'sdifficulties.For one thing, parents are often not (28) __________the kinds of problems their children face.They don't realize that the (29) __________is keener, that the required standards of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change.(30)__________to seeing A's andB's on high school report cards, they may be upset when their children's first semester college gradesare below that level.At their kindest, they may (31) __________inquire why John or Mary isn'tdoing better, whether he or she is tryingas hard as he or she should, and so on.At their worst, theymay (32) __________to take their children out of college, or (33)__________funds.Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves and think it only right and naturalthattheydeterminewhattheirchildrendowiththeirlives. Intheirinvolvementand(34)__________with their children, they forget that everyone is different and that each personmust develop in his or her ownway. They forgetthattheirchildren,whoarenowyoung(35)__________, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.You may not use any ,of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world.Part of the warming isnatural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice____36____away.However, we have already reached temperatures that are in____37____with other minimum-iceperiods, so continued warming is likely not natural.We are____38____to a predicted worldwide increase intemperatures____39____between 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years.The warming will be more____40____insome areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off.Likewise, the____41____of this warming　will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels,while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable (益居的) and____42____for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on____43____, everywhere.Scientists are in　general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the resultof a human-induced global warming trend.Some scientists_____44____that the changes we are seeing fallwithin the range of random (无规律的) variation--some years are cold, others warm, and we have justhad an unremarkable string of warm years____45____but that is becoming an increasingly rareinterpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.A.appealingB.averageC.contributingD.dramaticE.frequentlyF.impactG.line H.maintainI.melted J.persistK.ranging L.recentlyM.resolved N.sensibleO.shockSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?A.Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling morebooks in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format.That is remarkable,considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years.E-books now account for 14 percentof all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales.E-book salesare up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacksdecreased 8 percent.B.Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all.What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade orso more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type inthe 1450s.C.Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace.Mass market paperbacks, whichhave been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries,thrillers,“omance fiction,”etc.Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections,either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years.Hardback andtrade paperbacks for“serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer.Perhaps it will becomethe mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is Still published in hard copy.D.As for children's books, who knows? Children's_ books are like dog food in that the purchasers arenot the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.E.For clues to the book's future, let's look at some examples of technological change and see whathappened to the old technology.F.One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both.Thegreater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old.Printingwith moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with theold-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin.A Bible--to be sure, a longbook--required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor.Before printingarrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house.There were perhaps 50,000 books in all ofEurope in 1450.By 1500 there were 10 million.G.But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, handwriting lingered on(继续存在)well into the 16th century.Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they areone-of-a-kind show pieces.H.Sometimes a new technology doesn't drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the restto evolve.The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but theydidn't, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce.Equally, TV wassupposed to replace movies but, again, did not. I.Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater.And while TV didn't kill movies, it didkill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J.Nor did TV kill edy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”)all migrated to television.But because you can't drive a car and watch television at the same time,rush hour became radio's prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged theiraudiences.Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K.Sometimes old technology lingers for centtmes because of its symbolic power.Mounted cavalry (骑兵)replaced the chariot(二轮战车) on the battlefield around 1000 BC.But chariots maintained theirplace in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later.Thesword hasn't had a militaryfunction for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer's full-dressuniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”L.Sometimes new technology is a little cranky(不稳定的) at first.Television repairman was a commonoccupation in the 1950s, for instance.And so the old technology remains as a backup.Steamshipscaptured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greaterspeed.But steamships didn't lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had anasty habit of breaking down.Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mounttwo engines side by side, they needed to keep sails.(The high cost of steam and the lesser need forspeed kept the majority of the world's ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)M.Then there is the fireplace.Central heating was present in upper- and middle-class home by thesecond half of the 19th century.But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling pointin a house or apartment.I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of fire.Fire was one of theearliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest).Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a millionyears) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect ofhuman life.N.Books--especially books the average person could afford--haven't been around long enough toproduce evolutionary change in humans.But they have a powerfulhold on many people nonetheless,a hold extending far beyond their literary content.At their best, they are works of art and there is atactile (触觉的) pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions.The ability to quickly thumbthrough pages is also lost.And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling notdissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter's night.O.For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product thansome currently predict.Like swords, books have symbolic power.Like fireplaces, they induce a senseof comfort and warmth.And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lightsgo out.46.Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47.Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48.The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49.Contrary to many people's prediction of itsdeath, the film industry survived.50.Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51.Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52.The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen.for centuries.53.A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54.Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55.A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage .is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal artsin higher education isn't an either/or proposition (命题), although the current emphasis on preparingyoung Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths) -related fields can make it seem thatway.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but alsoasserts that the study of the humanities (人文科学) and social sciences must remain central componentsof America's educational system at all levels.Both areas are critical to producing citizens who canparticipate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit fromthe spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' jobprospects as technological advances and changes in domestic andglobal markets transform professions inways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what mayappear to be the most“practical” way out of the problem:“Major in a subject designed to get you ajob” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in thehumanities characterized as“soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received abroadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, andcommunicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, asthere's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play manydifferent roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environmentwill be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to draw upon everyavailable tool and .insight--picked up from science, arts, and technology--to solve the problems of thefuture, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and theUnited States.56.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B.The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life.D.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A.Their interest in relevant subjects.B.The academic value of the courses.C.The quality of education to receive.D.Their chances of getting a good job.58.What does the author say about the so-called soft subjects?A.They benefit students in their future life.B.They broaden students' range of interests.C.They improve students' communication skills.D.They are essential to students' healthy growth.59.What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A.Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B.Those who are good at solving practical problems.C.Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D.Those who have received a well-rounded education.60.What advice does the author give to college students?A.Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B.Try to take a variety of practical courses.C.Prepare themselves for different job .options.D.Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence.It has a nice ring to it, doesn't it? If you think so, you're not alone, becauseenergy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than inthe past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off thegreat recession.“Energy independence” and its rhetorical(修辞的) companion “energy security', are, however, slipperyconcepts that are rarely thought through.What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want tobe independent from imported oil.But there arereasons that we buy all that off from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running.Yes, there is a trickle (涓涓细流)of biofuel (生物燃料) available, and more may become available, but most biofueis cause economic wasteand environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their Own oil.They value the environmental quality they preserve, over their off imports from abroad.Vast areas of theUnited States are off-limits to off exploration and production in the name of environmental protection.Towhat extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energyproduction in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade.It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buythings fromplaces that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit.And although you don't read about thismuch, the United States is also a large exporter of off products, selling about 2 million barrels ofpetroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies onthat steady flow to maintain its economy.When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in shortsupplies and higher prices.At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy themost affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61.What does the author say about energy independence for America?A.It sounds very attractive.B.It ensures national security.C.It will bring oil prices down.D.It has long been everyone's dream.62.What does the author think of biofuels?A.They keep America's economy running healthily.B.They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C.They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D.They cause serious damage to the environment63.Why does America rely heavily on off imports?A.It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B.Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C.It wants to keep its own environment intact.D.Its own oil production falls short of demand.64.What does the author say about oil trade?A.It proves profitable to both sides.B.It improves economic efficiency.C.It makes for economic prosperity.D.It saves the cost of oil exploration.65.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To justify America's dependence on oil imports.B.To arouse Americans' awareness of the energy crisis.C.To stress the importance of energy conservation.D.To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设旋和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education).这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使l6万多所中小学受益.资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材.现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课.一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读.试题答案一、写作If l were to recommend the must-see city for a visitor to China．1 would undoubtedly come up with“Beijing”．Several reasons may account for my choice．First，as the capital city of China for over 700 years，Beijing is blessed with numerous tourist destinations of tremendous historical importance．These include the Great Wall，a famous line of defense；the Forbidden City，an enormous palace compound；the Temple of Heaven，a fascinating site of imperial worship；the Summer Palace，a wonderful imperial garden etc．Second，standing side by side with those brilliant symbols of the imperial past are artistic modern buildtngs such as the olympic Village，the Bird’S Nest Stadium and the Water Cube，as well as the characteristic Siheyuans and Hutongs，the very windows to Betjin9’S old ways of life．Third，home to Bering opera--a well-known traditional form of+art treasure--and thefamousspecialty PekingRoast Duck，Bering is ready to entertain any traveler’S eyes，ears and stomach．To summarize，Beijing is a city that a visitor to China should not miss．二、选择1.B2.A3.C4.B5.A6.D7.C8.B9.A 10.D 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.C三、运用26.well-meanin927.adjusting to28.aware ofpetition30.Accustomed31.gently32.threaten33．cut off34.identification35.adults。

2019年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案(四).doc

2019 年 6 月英语四级阅读练习及答案(四)Henry III didn’t know much about biology. He went throughsix wives back in the 1500s, looking for one whocould bearhim a son. Scientists now know that it ’s the father ’s sperm, not the mother ’s egg, which determines whether a baby is aboy or a girl. And last week researchers at the Genetics andIVF Institute, a private fertility( 生育水平 )center inVirginia, announced a new technique that will allow parentsto choose the sex of their baby-to-be, before it has evenbeen conceived. The scientist used a tiny laser detector tomeasure the DNA in millions of sperm cells as they passsingle file through a narrow tube, like cattle being herdedthrough a corral( 牲口栏 ). In a study published last week,"girl sperm," which has more DNA —the genetic material — in each cell, was collected, while "boy sperm" was discarded.And when purified girl sperm was used to impregnate( 使受孕 )a group of mothers, 15 of 17 resulting babies turned out to begirls.The researchers say that "sex selection" can also doublea mother ’s chance of hav ing a son and can be usedto avoidgenetic diseases that affect only one gender, such ashemophilia( 血友病 ). But some experts, like New YorkUniversity fertility specialist Dr. Jamie Grifo, worry thatsex selection could lead to a kind ofin uteri(子宫)discrimination, especially in cultures where sons areconsidered superior to daughters. "It’s valuing one gender’over another," Grifo says. "I don’t think that’s something we should be doing." So far, patients at the institute havebeen asking for both boys and girls, in order to "balance"their families. And some ethics experts say that’s fine, as long as parents are just looking for a little gender variety."If you have three boys, and you want a girl," saysUniversity of Texas reproductive-law professor John Robertson, "that ’s not gender bias at all."练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.The DNA in the sperm cells can be measured ______.A.in the same way how the cattle are herdedB.when they pass through a tube one behind the otherC.after they pass through a laser tubeD.when they are scanned by a laser detector all at a time2.The gender of the baby is decided by ______.A.the father’s DNAB.the mother ’s DNAC.the father’s spermD.the mother ’s egg3.According to this passage, the practice of "sexselection" ______.A.can help to prevent all genetic problemsB.is totally unacceptable to ethics expertsC.was already realized five hundred years agoD.will benefit families with certain inheritable diseases4.Girl sperm was preferred to boy sperm in the research most probably because____A.girl sperm contains more genetic materialB.more mother want to have girl babiesC.girl sperm is healthier and more activeD.girl sperm is more easily purified5.It can be concl toward ”sex selection uded from the passage thatauthor ”is____’sA.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.favorable1.[B]推理判断题。

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(4)

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(4)Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing.B) disaster.C) tragedy.D) accident.63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.参考答案：ACBBD。

2019年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案：选词填空

2019年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案：选词填空Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a 26 , to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar 27 up.The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been 28 by clean-eating experts.But now a 29 review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been 30 in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates.“The study found that pasta didn’t 31 to weight gain or increase in body fat,” said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. “In 32 the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an 33 effect on body weight outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern.” In fact, analysis actually showed a small weight loss. So 34 to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet.Those involved in the 35 trails on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.A) adverse I) minimumB) championed J) radiatingC) clinical K) rationD) contrary L) shootingE) contribute M) subscribeF) intimate N) systematicG) lumped O) weighingH) magnified26. K) ration【语法分析】keep something to a ration把某物保持在某个比率。

2019年6月英语四级阅读答案：选词填空

2019年6月英语四级阅读答案：选词填空26 G preserving marine habitats27 M A300 was stripped of everything28 A Not only will the sunken plane create the perfect skeleton29 L the plane stretches a total length of 54 meters30 C scuba drivers will eventually be able to31 N around the plane’s territory32 J see a return on that investment33 O has been the victim of several deadly terrorist attacks34 I this airbus A300 is the largest intentionally sunk aircraft ever35 E taking a trip underwater and exploring the inside of a sunken A300卷二：26 H it has migrated from Detroit to silicon valley27 A in a bid to take production back to detroit28 G lawmakers have introduced legislation that could29 D Michigan’s dominance in auto research30 I countries which desire to replace our leadership31 N the lead sponsor of four bills32 J they would represent a substantial update33 E set up on-demand fleets of self-driving cars34 B in contrast35 K far mor restrictive rules that卷三：26. C As one of the most brutal predators27. I may not fit the image of a cultured creature28. K a vast range of highly refined behaviors29. J which literally means "to cultivate"30. A it refers to anything that is acquired or learnt31. B have developed certain genetic adaptations that...32. 0 thereby allowing them to thrive in their cold climate33. G a range of different habitats across the globe34. F with an empire that extends from pole to pole35. M leading scientists to speculate that...温馨提示：考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。

2019大学英语四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析(4).doc

2019 大学英语四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析(4) Passage TwoQuestions 61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage.Here’s a case study for would -be MBAs to consider ：thesuccess of H Mart.an international supermarket chain based inNew Jersey(the “H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum.whichmeans“one arm full of groceries ”in Korean).Tlle first HMart opened in Queens ，New York in 1982 ，as a corner shop.Nowthere are stores in 11 states ，Canada and Britain.A new onerecently opened in Cambridge.Massachusetts ，an affluent city outside Boston.The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like HMart.Eamings of Asian-American households outpace theAmerican average.Their spending exceeds all other groups ，too ，according to Geoscape ，a consultancy.And they spend more oftheir money on groceries than the average Americahousehold.But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by ：fewAmericans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in theirlocal shop.Some specialty ingredients are only to be found ata premium( 高价)in up-market grocery stores ，or miles away,inethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods.Americans have developed greater appetite for cookingand eating Asian foods ，t00.In 2012 non.restaurant sales ofAsian foods topped $1.5 billion ，according to Mintel Group.amarket.research firm.Though Latin foods are a bigger market ，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster.Oncestrange.seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are nowfashionable eats.Though the rate of growth is expected tofall ，sales are likely to keep rising.Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reachnew customers ，says Jeffrey Cohen ，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher.Many shops are located inminority enclaves ，and do little to market themselves toother Americans.Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fendoff customers used to the bright fluorescence( 荧光)of mainstream supermarkets.Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed.A few Asian grocery chains have caught on ，opening stores in more diverse suburbs ，paying attention to cosmetic niceties( 细节)and marketing more widely.Other than H Mart ，there are Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket ，which have been expanding to the American southwest.The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide —“Asians Eat Weird Things ”—which has attracted more than 900 ，000 hits.Those weird things may not seem so weird after all.61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls.B. High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods inlocal American shops.C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery.D.Low earnings of the other groups.62.What are the benefits ofAmericans ’growing appetite for Asian foods?A. The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods.B.The expansion of Latin food market.C.The growing fondness of cooking.D.The AmeriCans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods.63.Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?A. AmeriCans ’dislike to Asian foods.B. Asians ’unwillingness to do business with AmeriCans.C. The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods.D. Americans ’dislike to the English introduction of the goods.64.What do Asian do to develop their groceries?A. Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment.B. Market shops to more AmeriCans.C. Make use of the mass media.D.All ofthe above.65.What call be inferred fi'om this passage?n supermarkets will become more and more popular.B. Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods.C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians ’.D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain.61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?什么因素使得亚洲超市的未来一片光明?A.High income and spending ofAsian —Americans. 亚裔美国人的高收入及高开支。

2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析(卷三新东方版)

2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析（卷三新东方版） 2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析（卷三新东方版）选词填空部分历来被看作是阅读部分中最难的一部分，但是并没有同学们想象的那样高不可攀，因为如果大家研读过考纲就会发现，该部分考查词汇的侧重点不在单词意思本身，而在词性的考查，考查语法的重点也不是什么高难度的句型和语法，而在实词成分的判定。

而这两部分都是大家能够提前准备的，也是南京新东方老师们课堂上已经给大家总结好的。

只要大家按照课上所讲的答题步骤和技巧去练习，严格控制答题时间，该部分拿个不错的分数也不是很难。

下面我们先回顾一下课我们课堂上所讲的选词填空的解题步骤吧。

解题步骤真题解析Physical activity does the body goodand there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlandsreport that children who get more exercise,whether at school or on their own,_26_to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a_27__of 14 studiesthat looked at physical activity and academic _28_, investigators found thatthe more children moved, the better their grades were in schools,__29_in the basic subjects of math, Englishand reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schoolsstruggleto _30_on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in theU.S __31_in recent years, some administrators believestudents need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be _32_ exclusive . Physical activity can improve blood _33__to the brain, fueling memory, attentionand creativity , which are _34__to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve __35__and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising thei r bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.A )attendance B)consequently C) currentD)depressingE)dropping F)essential G)feasible H)flow I)moodJ)mutually K)particularly L)performance M)reviewN)survive O)tend答案速查：26.O）tend27.M) review28.L) performance29.K)particularly30.N)survive31.E)dropping32.J)mutually33.H)flow34.F)essential35.I)mood题目详解：首先，我们读下首段首句。

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1)

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1)There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell youit’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close瞮ps. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. T he TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws： the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in frontof him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. Andthis involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.A. the different tastes of people for sportsB. the different characteristics of sportsC. the attraction of footballD. the attraction of baseball2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that______.A. it is only to the taste of the oldB. it involves fewer players than footballC. it is not exciting enoughD. it is pretentious and looks funny3. The author admits that ______.A. baseball is too peaceful for the youngB. baseball may seem boring when watched on TVC. football is more attracting than baseballD. baseball is more interesting than football4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence)：A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.A. likes footballB. hates footballC. hates baseballD. likes baseball词汇与短语1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地方2. pitcher n. 投手3. symphony n. 交响乐4. chamber n. 室内5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视长难句解析①【解析】此句的主干是“Baseball?means?watching?”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing?”和“staring”用来做“grown men”的定语。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题与答案解析完整版

2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing(30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on avolunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .Youshould write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.【范文】Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraisedby the elderly there.Upon the students ’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors ’ eyes when the young students presewell-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth andthe aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it wastime for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteersexpressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had fortheir future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “ we make a living by what we get, but we makea life bywe give. ” The visit not only enriches the seniors ’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learnimportant life lessons from the elderly residents. By Aria, school newspaper【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力，四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。

2019年6月英语四级阅读选词填空真题及答案【含解析】

【导语】2019年6⽉英语四级考试已结束，©⽆忧考⽹四六级频道在考后特别整理了2019年6⽉英语四级阅读选词填空真题及答案【含解析】，仅供⼤家参考，祝⼤家顺利通过四级考试！ Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs(暗礁)perfect for scuba diving(⽔肺式潜泳)and preserving marine ___26___.Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was ___27___ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane ___28___the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area. The plane ___29___ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will ___30___ be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's ___ 31___. Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under USS100,000 but they hope to see a return on that ___32___ through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the ___33___ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest___34___. sunk aircraft ever. Taking a trip underwater and ___35___ the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make peoplethink. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise(天堂). A) create I) intentionally B) depressed J) investment C) eventually K) revealing D) experiences L) stretches E) exploring M) stripped F) exterior N) territory G) habitats O) victim H) innovate 答案： GMALC FJOIE 解析： Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs(暗礁)perfect for scuba diving(⽔肺式潜泳)and preserving marine __26G___. 26题，先判断词性，需要填名词，habitats，栖息地。

2019年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析(1)

2019年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案解析(1)There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell youit’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close瞮ps. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. T he TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws： the third baseman goes up on histoes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. Andthis involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.A. the different tastes of people for sportsB. the different characteristics of sportsC. the attraction of footballD. the attraction of baseball2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that______.A. it is only to the taste of the oldB. it involves fewer players than footballC. it is not exciting enoughD. it is pretentious and looks funny3. The author admits that ______.A. baseball is too peaceful for the youngB. baseball may seem boring when watched on TVC. football is more attracting than baseballD. baseball is more interesting than football4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence)：A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.A. likes footballB. hates footballC. hates baseballD. likes baseball词汇与短语1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地方2. pitcher n. 投手3. symphony n. 交响乐4. chamber n. 室内5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视长难句解析①【解析】此句的主干是“Baseball?means?watching?”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing?”和“staring”用来做“grown men”的定语。

2019四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析(11)

2019四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析(11)Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Until recently,I had liale idea what palm oil(棕榈油)is and why some people consider it one of the most controversial ingredients found in nearly half of our supermarket products.But when I found out why people were upset，1 was moved to take action.The Southeast Asian country of Indonesia is the world’s biggest exporter of palm oil，which has been both a blessing and a curse.It's a massive industry,providing income for thousands of workers，but palm oilis also the largest driver of the mass destruction of Indonesia’s rain forests.The consequences of this destruction are significant：the loss of biodiversity,conflicts with communities who depend on the forest for their own livelihoods，and increasing emissions of greerthouse gases that cause climate change.Forests are home to countless species.There are as few as 400 Sumatran tigers left in Indonesia,and their time on earth is running out.Greenpeace has released research showing that the expansion of oil palm and pulpwood plantations was responsible for nearly two-thirds of the destruction of Sumatran tiger habitat from 2009 to 20 11.Sumatran tigers，forced to flee from the destruction of their homes,also find themselves in direct contact with humans.Many are killed or maimed as local residents try to protect themselves from the scared animals. The decline of Sumatlan tigers is a measure of the loss of rain forest，biodiversity and alsoclimate stability.If the tigers disappear,then we are facing all environmentA. tragedy.If you eat chocolate，wash your hair or your clothes，there’s a good chance you are being made a part of this cycle of destruction.And not by choice.Palm oil can and must make a genuine contribution to Indonesia and its people.And part of the solution rests with global brands that make the products we consume daily.Palm oil that results from forest destruction is traded around the world.But together we can say enough is enough.It’s time big brands guarantee you and me that forest destruction is not a part of their products.We are all a part of the future，and together we can ensure these magnificent animals are.too.56.Why is the great export of palm oil both a blessing and a curse?A.Because every coin has two sides，without the exception of export of palm oil.B.Because it is both a stimulation of economy increase and climate warming.C.Because it both makes contribution to climate improvement and economy decline.D.Because it is both the driver of large income and huge destruction of forests.57.Which one is not included in the negative consequences of rain forests destruction?A.The dramatic decrease of biological diversity in rain forests.B.Huge profits benefit from the great exportation of palm oil.C.Frequent clashes with people who live on those rain forests.D. Increasing release of a great deal of greenhouse gases.58.What is responsible for the destruction of Sumatlan tiger habitat?A. People who killed or maimed those scared animals.B.People who cut down the rain forests in abundance.C.The extension of oil palm and pulpwood cultivation.D. The loss of lain forests owing to palm plantations.59.What advice does the author give to the productive process of global brands?A.Global brands should not be at cost of forest destruction.B.They should guarantee the protection of lain forests.C.They should pay attention to law materials of products.D、They should not demand anything from rain forests.60.What is the attitude of author to plentiful palm oil production?A.Critical.B.Positive.C.Partial.D.Negative.56.Why is the great export ofpalm oil both a blessing and a curse?为什么说棕榈油的出口既是福音又是诅咒?A.Because every coin has two sides，without the exception ofexport ofpalm oil.因为事物都具有两面性，棕榈油也不例外。

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(13)

2019四级阅读理解练习题及解析(13)Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s goldenage were H.A.W.Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin WarnerTabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wifeand two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known asCalifornia Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco.『It washis custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or“grub”,while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.』①He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’tmake any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor inreturn for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.1. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT ______.A. because Tabor became its leading citizenB. because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC. because it could bring good fortune to TaborD. because it was renamed2. The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means ______.A. to supply miners with food and suppliesB. to open a general storeC. to do one’s contribu tion to the development of the mineD. to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered3. Tabor made his first fortune ______.A. by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB. because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC. by buying the shares of the otherD. as a land speculator4. The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is______.A. purely accidentalB. based on the analysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC. through the help from his second wifeD. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step5. If this passage is the first part of an article ,who might be introduced in the following part?A. Tabor’s life.B. Tabor’s second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.C. Other colorful characters.D. Tabor’s other careers.。

2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题精解

2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题精解(第一套)(总81页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）音频Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words._________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _______________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section， you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) He set a record by swimming to and from an island.B) He celebrated the ninth birthday on a small island.C) He visited a prison located on a faraway island.D) He swam around an island near San Francisco.2. A) He doubled the reward.B) He cheered him on all the way.C) He set him an example.D) He had the event covered on TV.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) To end the one-child policy.B) To encourage late marriage.C) To increase working efficiency.D) To give people more time to travel.4. A) They will not be welcomed by young people.B) They will help to popularize early marriage.C) They will boost China’s economic growth.D) They will not come into immediate effect.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B) Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.C) A new company to clean up the mess after parties.D) Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.6. A) It takes a lot of time to prepare.B) It leaves the house in a mess.C) It makes party goers exhausted.D) It creates noise and misconduct.7. A) Hire an Australian lawyer.B) Visit the US and Canada.C) Settle a legal dispute.D) Expand their business.Section BDirections: In this section， you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation， you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He had a driving lesson.B) He got his driver’s license.C) He took the driver’s theory exam.D) He passed the driver’s road test.9. A) He was not well prepared.B) He did not get to the exam in time.C) He was not used to the test format.D) He did not follow the test procedure.10. A) They are tough.B) They are costly.C) They are helpful.D) They are too short.11. A) Pass his road test the first time.B) Test-drive a few times on highways.C) Find an experienced driving instructor.D) Earn enough money for driving lessons.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Where the woman studies.B) The acceptance rate at Leeds.C) Leeds’ tuition for international students.D) How to apply for studies at a university.13. A) Apply to an American university.B) Do research on higher education.C) Perform in a famous musical.D) Pursue postgraduate studies.14. A) His favorable recommendations.B) His outstanding musical talent.C) His academic excellence.D) His unique experience.15. A) Do a master’s degree.B) Settle down in England.C) Travel widely.D) Teach overseas.Section CDirections: In this section， you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. A) They are larger than many other species.B) They can cause damage to people’s homes.C) They can survive a long time without water.D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.18. A) Deny them access to any food.B) Keep doors and windows shut.C) Destroy their colonies close by.D) Refrain from eating sugary food.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) The function of the human immune system.B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.D) The change in people’s immune system as they get older.20. A) Report their illnesses.B) Offer blood samples.C) Act as research assistants.D) Help to interview patients.21. A) Strengthening people’s immunity to infection.B) Better understanding patients’ immune system.C) Helping improve old people’s health conditions.D) Further reducing old patients’ medical expenses. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.23. A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.B) Join the school’s chess team.C) Participate in a national chess competition.D) Receive training for a chess competition.24. A) Most of them come from low-income families.B) Many have become national chess champions.C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. A) Actions speak louder than words.B) Think twice before taking action.C) Translate their words into action.D) Take action before it gets too late.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section， there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2，000 miles away. It has 26from Detroit to Silicon Valley， where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a 27 to take production back to Detroit， Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country， if not the world， to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road.“Michigan’s 29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30 our leadership in transportation. We can’t let that happen，” says Senator Mike Kowall， the lead 31 of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written， they would 32 a substantial update of Michigan’s 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips，and even set up on-demand 33 of self-driving cars， like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34， California，home of Silicon Valley， recently proposed far more 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel， and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.A) bidB) contrastC) deputyD) dominanceE) fleetsF) knotsG) legislationH) migratedI) replaceJ) representK) restrictiveL) rewardM) significantN) sponsorO) transmittedSection BDirections: In this section， you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72，000 centenarians(百岁老人). Worldwide， probably 450，000. If current trends continue， then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers， 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK， Germany， France， Italy and Canada， and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.B) Understandably， there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real， and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity(长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life， not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer， and are healthier for longer， then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer， they are not only older for longer， but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period， then you are in some sense younger for longer.D) But the changes go further than that. Take， for instance， the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house，getting married， having children， or starting a career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962， 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014， that milestone(里程碑) had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts， one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer， then options become more valuable， and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed， and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement， and not only for financial reasons. Yes， unless people are prepared to save a lot more， our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s，then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s， there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65， over thirty years of potentialinactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life， but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills， vitality， happiness， and friendship.H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education， administered in childhood and early adulthood， will be able to support a sustained， 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change， either your skills will become unnecessary， or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will， at some point in their life， have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely， then， that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two， three， or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement， in another on creating a better work/life balance， still another on exploring and understanding options more fully， or becoming an independent producer， yet another on making a socialcontribution. These stages will span sectors， take people to different cities， and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health， re-invest in their relationships， or improve their skills. At times， these breaks and transitions will be self-determined， at others they will be forced as existing roles， firms， or industries cease to exist.K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career， but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions， while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware， investing in broader networks of friends， and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M) With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life， people leave university at the same time and the same age， they tend to start their careers andfamily at the same age， they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time， and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life， you could be an undergraduate at 20， 40， or 60; a manager at 30， 50， or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.N) Current life structures， career paths， educational choices，and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education， followed by continuous work， and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents， but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer， being older later， and being younger longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37. Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.38. Nowadays， many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan， young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约)， couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife—not the husband—becomes seriously ill.“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce，” said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2，717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview， at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that， overall， 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence ofnew chronic(慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well， with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness，” Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed， and if they’re the ones who become ill， they’re more likely to get divorced.”While the study didn’t assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill， Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses，” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets， especially in older ages， divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population， Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages，” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorcemay be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50. What does Karraker think is also important?A) Reducing marital stress on wives.B) Stabilizing old couples’ relations.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children， you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的) name. How could she not know you Did it mean she loved you lessProbably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on， misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的) error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study， published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition， found that the “wrong” name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children，siblings， friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake， says psychologist David Rubin，“but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.”The study also found that within that group， misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds， like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1，700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects aboutincidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren， friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general， the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often， but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also， mothers may call on their children more often than fathers， given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated， tired or angry.51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A) Unwanted.B) Unhappy.C) Confused.D) Indifferent.52. What did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming?A) It is related to the way our memories work.B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D) It often causes misunderstandings among people.53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.54. What did the surveys of more than 1，700 subjects find about misnaming?A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They become worn out more often.C) They communicate more with their children.D) They generally take on more work at home.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。