厦门大学《国际经济学》课程试卷B及答案
国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx
《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。
《国际经济学》试卷B(D国贸08)
淮海工学院2010- 2011学年第一学期国际经济学试卷(B开卷)一、名词解释（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）1．重叠需求2．斯脱尔波——萨谬尔森定理3.外部规模经济4．外汇储备5．对外贸易乘数二、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1．A国X产品的劳动生产率aX，Y产品的劳动生产率aY；B国X产品的劳动生产率bX，Y产品的劳动生产率bY。
如果A国X产品生产上有比较优势，则有（ C ）A．aX>bX B．aY>bY C．aX/aY>bX/bY D．aX/aY< bX/bY 2．如果A国拥有的资本数量为KA，劳动数量为LA；B国拥有的资本数量为KB，劳动数量为LB。
如果A国为资本丰富的国家，B国为劳动力丰富的国家，则有（D ）。
A．KA>KB B．LB>LA C．KA/LA<KB/LB D．KA/LA>KB/LB 3．不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长方式有( C )A.偏向进口的生产要素增长B.偏向出口的生产要素增长C.生产要素等比例增长D.悲惨的增长4．在开放条件下，如果小国要素积累导致经济增长偏向出口部门，那么可能会导致（ B ）。
A．国民福利恶化；贸易条件恶化B．国民福利改善；贸易条件不变C．国民福利改善；贸易条件改善D．国民福利恶化；贸易条件不变5．在垄断竞争模型中（B）A．如果两国拥有相同的总体资本—劳动比例，它们之间就不会发生贸易。
B．贸易导致了商品品种的增多和规模经济效应的扩大，进而可以带来收益。
C．从产气来看，厂商可以获益D．要素禀赋并不能决定产业间贸易的发生6．初级产品价格发生显著摸顶的原因是（D ）A．随着收入增加，需求显著增加B．供给对价格的弹性很大C．需求对价格的弹性很大D．需求和供给对价格缺乏弹性7．跨国公司进行国际合资可能出于以下原因，除了（C ）A．获得更先进技术和管理技巧B．服从东道国政府的限制规定C．更有效地融合不同国家的语言和文化D．实现全球生产工厂之间的密切协调8．开放经济下的均衡收入决定理论要求（C ）A．储蓄等于投资B．出口等于进口C．储蓄减投资等于出口减进口D．投资减储蓄等于出口减进口9．如果微软公司的全部投入品都来自于美国国内，且以美元计价，则美元升值将（ B ）A．提高微软的国际竞争力B．降低微软的国际竞争力C．对微软的国际竞争力没有影响D．是提高还是降低微软的国际竞争力取决于需求弹性10．如果某国边际消费倾向为0.8，边际进口倾向为0.05，则直接投资增加100美元将使（ C ）１A．收入增加500美元，进口增加25美元B．收入增加100美元，进口增加5美元C．收入增加400美元，进口增加20美元D．收入增加400美元，贸易赤字削减20美元三、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1．关税同盟的建立可能促成新的垄断的形成。
国际经济学复习题答案
厦门大学网络教育2011-2012学年第二学期《国际经济学》复习题一、单项选择题1.下列哪些行业最有可能具有内部规模经济（D）。
A.好莱坞的电影业B.加州硅谷的半导体产业C.北京中关村的电脑城D.美国的大型农场2. 如果两国在商品的生产中具有不同的机会成本，那么两国能够从专业化与交换中（B ）A 均遭受损失B 均获得收益C无法确定 D 既不受损，也不受益3.进口关税的分类不包括是（B）A.从价税B.营业税C.复合税D.滑准税4.按进口商品的价值征收一定比例税收的关税税种是（B）A.从量税B.从价税C.复合税D.滑准税5.在比较优势模型中，发生国际贸易后两种商品的国际相对价格( C )A.在贸易前两国的两种商品的相对价格之上B.在贸易前两国的两种商品的相对价格之下C.在贸易前两国的两种商品的国内相对价格之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的相对价格相同6.征收关税后，大国的社会福利水平（D）A.上升B.稍微下降C.下降很多D.都有可能7.赫克歇尔—俄林理论认为，国际贸易产生的根本动因是国际间的（B）A劳动生产率不同 B 资源禀赋不同C 绝对优势不同D 资源使用效率不同8. 在特定要素模型中，如果X、Y两种商品的价格上升同样的幅度，则名义工资和劳动力在两部门之间的分配情况应当是（C ）。
A. 名义工资上升，劳动力从X流向YB. 名义工资上升，劳动力从Y流向XC. 名义工资上升，劳动力的分配不变9.比较优势理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是( A )A劳动生产率的差异B技术水平的差异C产品品质的差异D价格的差异10.对于一个小国（价格接受国）来说，最优关税为（A ）A.零B.禁止关税C.毫无疑问的是正值D.随着国家需求弹性的增加而增加11．美国出口豪华型汽车、进口经济型汽车的贸易现象叫（B）。
A 产业间贸易B 产业内贸易C 公司内贸易D 公司间贸易12.各国实行贸易保护对国际分工的影响是（B ）。
A 促进B阻碍 C 无关 D 不确定13.在李嘉图模型中，我们假定（B ）是各个国家产业部门唯一的生产要素A 资本B 劳动C 土地D 矿产14.斯密绝对优势模型的基本假设不包括：（D）A.只有一种要素投入B.规模报酬不变C.无运输成本D.规模报酬递减15．出口偏向型增长的本国会（C）A提高本国的贸易条件B积极推行自由贸易C降低本国的经济福利D提高外国的贸易条件二、名词解释1. 外部规模经济指产业规模经济，即某一产业大量的企业集中在一个小的国家或者集中在一个国家的一个地区，出现较大的产业规模，能提高效率，降低成本，增加收入。
厦门大学期末试卷国经习题1.doc
反门火蚩《国际住济修》镖程期彳试塞检济蚩沆金融系主考教师：陈爱贞试卷类型：（A卷）一、单项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）I.如果一个劳动力丰富的国家与另一资本丰富的国家进行自由贸易，那么将出现（）趋势。
A.两国工资水平都会相对资本成本上升。
B.两国工资水平都会相对资本成本下降。
C.前一国家的工资会相对后一国家上升。
D.前一国家的工资会相对后一国家下降。
2.如果机会成本递增，国际贸易将导致（）。
A.每个国家不完全专业化，而旦出口的生产成本不变。
B.每个国家完全专业化，而且出口的生产成本下降。
C.每个国家不完全专业化，而且出口的生产成本下降。
D.每个国家不完全专业化，而且出口的生产成本上升。
3.内部规模经济容易发生于（）A.小规模的纺织业B.飞机制造业C.制鞋业D.小企业。
4.根据比较优势原理的政策经验，一国从国际贸易中获益的条件是（）。
A.制造大量出口顺差B.以较低的机会成本进口商品而不是在国内生产C.本国比贸易伙伴强大D.本国相对于贸易伙伴具备绝对效率优势5.两个大国贸易，一国对进口产品征收等于其价值20%的税，则正确的是：（）A.该国贸易条件改善20%B该国进口产品相对于出口产品的价格比世界市场高20%C.该国进曰产品相对于出曰产品的价格比征收关税前高20%D.该国贸易条件恶化三、计算题分析题（本大题共4小题，共65=J 二、判断说明题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）先判断命题正误，然后简要说明正确或错误的理由。
1. 根据外部规模经济理论，国内市场规模大的国家将比国内市场规模小的国家 更有效率。
2. 倾销会使进口国福利受损。
3. 一国发生出口偏向型经济增长，由于贸易条件恶化，福利下降。
4. 如果一国生产要素在部门之间完全不可流动，只要该国贸易条件改善也能获 得福利增加。
5. 具有相同技术、禀赋和需求偏好的两个国家也能发生国际贸易。
1 .假设A 国拥有600个单位的劳动力，B 国拥有1000个单位的劳动力，两国均 生产布匹和小麦。
2006国际经济学期末考试答案
主考教师 龚敏、李晶 试卷类型：（A 卷）经济学院 经济系 2004年级 经济学专业厦门大学《国际经济学》课程试卷I. Multiple choice questions (40 points, 1 point for each). For each question, circle only one letter that indicates the correct answer .1. An important insight of international trade theory is that when countries exchange goods and services one with the other itA. is always beneficial to both countries.B. is usually beneficial to both countries.C. is typically beneficial only to the low wage trade partner country.D. is typically harmful to the technologically lagging country.2. Countries trade with each other because they are _______ and because of ______. A. different, costsB. similar, economies of scaleC. different, economies of scaleD. similar, costs3. In the Ricardian model, if a country's trade is restricted, this will cause all except which?A. Limit specialization and the division of labor.B. Reduce the volume of trade and the gains from tradeC. √Cause nations to produce inside their production possibilities curvesD. May result in a country producing some of the product of its comparativedisadvantage4. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find its consumption bundleA. inside its production possibilities frontier.B. on its production possibilities frontier.C. √outside its production possibilities frontier.D. inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.5. If two countries have identical production possibility frontiers, then trade between them is likely ifA. their supply curves are identical.B. their cost functions are identical.C. √their demand functions differ.D. their incomes are identical.6.If the world terms of trade equal those of country F, thenA.√country H but not country F will gain from trade.B.country H and country F will both gain from trade.C.neither country H nor F will gain from trade.D.only the country whose government subsidizes its exports will gain.7.In an economy described by the Specific Factors Model, the production possibility frontier willbeA.linear.B.√concave to the origin.C.convex to the origin.D.parabolic with one root.8.If the price of the capital intensive product rises, wages willA.√rise but by less than the price of the capital-intensive product.B.rise by more than the rise in the price of the capital-intensive product.C.remain proportionally equal to the price of the capital-intensive product.D.fall, since higher prices cause less demand.9.Groups that lose from trade tend to lobby the government toA.shift the direction of comparative advantage.B.abolish the Specific Factor model from practical application.C.provide public support for the relatively efficient sectors.D.√provide protection for the relatively inefficient sectors.10.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ inA.tastes.B.size.C.√relative availabilities of factors of production.bor productivities.11.Which of the following is false (for the Heckscher-Ohlin model)?A.If tastes are not identical in both countries, wages may still equalize.B.√Differences in technologies could be the source of gains from trade.C.Some groups may gain and some may lose due to trade.D.Gains for the trade-related winners will tend to be larger than losses of losers.12.The Leontieff ParadoxA.√refers to the finding that U.S. exports were more labor intensive than its imports.B.refers to the finding that US. Exports were more capital intensive than its exports.C.refers to the finding that the U.S. produces outside its Edgeworth Box.D.still accurately applies to today's pattern of U.S. international trade.13.The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except:A. which country will export which product.B. which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.C. √the volume of trade.D. that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries.14.Intra-industry trade is most common in the trade patterns ofA.developing countries of Asia and Africa.B.√industrial countries of Western Europe.C.all countries.D.North-South trade.15.In industries in which there are scale economies, the variety of goods that a country canproduce is constrained byA. the size of the labor force.B. anti-trust legislationC. √the size of the market.D. the fixed cost.16.Internal economies of scaleA. may be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.B. √cannot be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.C.are associated only with sophisticated products such as aircraft.D.cannot form the basis for international trade .17.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a countryduty free, this generally results in a(an)A.effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B.√nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C.rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D.fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates.18.The most common form of price discrimination in international trade isA.non-tariff barriers.B.V oluntary Export Restraints.C.√dumping.D.preferential trade arrangements.19.The main redistribution effect of a tariff is the transfer of income fromA.domestic producers to domestic buyers.B.√domestic buyers to domestic producers.C.domestic producers to domestic government.D.domestic government to domestic consumers.20.If a good is imported into (large) country H from country F, then the imposition of a tariff incountry HA.raises the price of the good in both countries ("the "Law of One Price").B.raises the price in country H and cannot affect its price in country F.C.√lowers the price of the good in H and could raise it in F.D.raises the price of the good in H and lowers it in F.21.Sophisticated theoretical arguments supporting import-substitution policies includeA.Terms of trade effects.B.Scale economy arguments.C.Learning curve considerations.D.√The problem of appropriability.22.Historically those few developing countries which have succeeded in significantly raising theirper-capita income levelsA.√Did not accomplish this with import-substituting industrialization.B.Did accomplish this with import-substituting industrialization.C.Tended to provide heavy protection to domestic industrial sectors.D.Favored industrial to agricultural or service sectors.23.In the Brander-Spencer model the subsidy raises profits by more than the subsidy because ofA.The "multiplier" effect of government expenditures.B.The military-industrial complex.C.The forward and backward linkage effects of certain industries.D.√The deterrent effect of the subsidy on foreign competition.24.The existence of positive externalities due to the impossibility of full appropriabilityA.Supports the conclusions of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B.Rejects the usefulness of government protectionism.C.Supports the concept that the government should support only high tech industries.D.√Provides support for government protectionism.25.How many dollars would it cost to buy an Edinburgh Woolen Mill sweater costing 50 Britishpounds if the exchange rate is 1.25 dollars per one British pound?A.50 dollarsB.70 dollarsC.√62.5 dollarsD.40 British pounds26.The exchange rate between currencies depends onA.the interest rate that can be earned on deposits of those currencies.B.√the expected future exchange rate.C.the interest rate that can be earned on deposits of those currencies and the expectedfuture exchange rate.D.national output.27.The CA is equal toA.Y – (C-I+G).B.Y + (C+I+G).C.√Y – (C+I+G).D.Y – (C+I-G).28.Every international transaction automatically enters the balance of paymentsA. once either as a credit or as a debit.B. √twice, once as a credit and once as a debit.C. once as a credit.D. twice, both times as debit.29.An open economyA.can save only by building up its capital stock.B.can save only by acquiring foreign wealth.C.cannot save either by building up its capital stock or by acquiring foreign wealth.D.√can save either by building up its capital stock or by acquiring foreign wealth.30.An appreciation of a country’s currencyA.decreases the relative price of its exports and lowers the relative price of its imports.B.raises the relative price of its exports and raises the relative price of its imports.C.lowers the relative price of its exports and raises the relative price of its imports.D.√raises the relative price of its exports and lowers the relative price of its imports.31.If the dollar interest rate is 10 percent, the euro interest rate is 12 percent, and the expectedreturn on dollar depreciation against the euro is negative 4 percent, thenA.√an investor should invest only in dollars.B.an investor should invest only in euros.C.an investor should be indifferent between dollars and euros.D.It is impossible to tell given the information.32.Which of the following statements is the most accurate?A. A rise in the interest rate offered by dollar deposits causes the dollar to appreciate.B. A rise in the interest rate offered by dollar deposits causes the dollar to depreciate.C. A rise in the interest rate offered by dollar deposits does not affect the U.S. dollar.D.√For a given euro interest rate and constant expected exchange rate, a rise in theinterest rate offered by dollar deposits causes the dollar to appreciate.33.The exchange rate between currencies depends onA.the interest rate that can be earned on deposits of those currencies.B.√the expected future exchange rate.C.the interest rate that can be earned on deposits of those currencies and the expectedfuture exchange rate.D.national output.34.An increase in a country’s money supply causesA.its currency to appreciate in the foreign exchange market, while a reduction in themoney supply causes its currency to depreciate.B.√its currency to depreciate in the foreign exchange market, while a reduction in themoney supply causes its currency to appreciate.C.no effect on the values of its currency in international markets.D.its currency to depreciate in the foreign exchange market, while a reduction in themoney supply causes its currency to further depreciate.35.After a permanent increase in the money supply,A.√the exchange rate overshoots in the short run.B.the exchange rate overshoots in the long run.C.the exchange rate smoothly depreciates in the short run.D.the exchange rate smoothly appreciates in the short run.36.An economy’s long-run equilibrium isA.the equilibrium that would occur if prices were perfectly flexible.B.the equilibrium that would occur if prices were perfectly flexible and alwaysadjusted immediately.C.√the equilibrium that would occur if prices were perfectly flexible and alwaysadjusted immediately to preserve full employment.D.the equilibrium that would occur if prices were perfectly fixed to preserve fullemployment.37.Which of the following statements is the most accurate?A.In the long run, national price levels play a minor role in determining both interestrates and the relative prices at which countries’ products are traded.B.In the long run, national price levels play a key role only in determining interestrates.C.In the long run, national price levels play a key role only in determining the relativeprices at which countries’ products are traded.D.√In the long run, national price levels play a key role in determining both interestrates and the relative prices at which countries’ products are traded.38.If people expect relative PPP to hold,A.√the difference between the interest rates offered by dollar and euro deposits willequal the difference between the inflation rates expected, in the United States andEurope, over the relevant horizon.B.the difference between the interest rates offered by dollar and euro deposits willequal the difference between the inflation rates expected in Europe and the UnitedStates.C.the difference between the interest rates offered by dollar and euro deposits willequal the difference between the inflation rates expected, over the relevant horizon,in the United States and Europe, in the short run.D.the difference between the interest rates offered by dollar and euro deposits will beabove the difference between the inflation rates expected, over the relevant horizon,39.The monetary approach makes the general prediction thatA.√The exchange rate, which is the relative price of American and European money, isfully determined in the long run by the relative supplies of those monies.B.The exchange rate, which is the relative price of American and European money, isfully determined in the short run by the relative supplies of those monies and therelative demands for themC.The exchange rate, which is the relative price of American and European money, isfully determined in the short- and long run by the relative supplies of those moniesand the relative demands for themD.The exchange rate, which is the relative price of American and European money, isfully determined in the long run by the relative supplies of those monies and therelative demands for them40.In the short runA.√the interest rate can rise when the domestic money supply falls.B.the interest rate can decrease when the domestic money supply falls.C.the interest rate stays constant when the domestic money supply falls.D.the interest rate rises in the same proportion as the domestic money supply falls.II. True/False（10 points, 1 point for each）. Please indicate your answer byplacing T or F in the blank.1. The distribution of the gains from trade depends on the relative prices of the goods countries produce. ( T )2. In the specific factors model, factors specific to import-competing sectors in each country gain from trade, while factors specific to export sectors lose. Mobile factors may either gain or lose. ( F )3. An increase in the supply of one factor of production expands production possibilities in a strongly biased way at changed relative goods prices. ( F )4. Economies of scale normally lead to a breakdown of perfect competition, so that trade in the presence of economies of scale must be analyzed using models of imperfect competition. ( T )5. The current account equals the country’s net lending to foreigners. An open economy can save by domestic and foreign investment. National saving therefore equals domestic investment plus the current account balance. ( T )6. Equilibrium in the foreign exchange market requires interest parity; that is, deposits of all currencies must offer the same interest rate. ( F )7. By increasing the domestic price level, an increase in the money supply causes the domestic currency to depreciate in the foreign exchange market in the short-run (even when expectations of future exchange rates do not change). ( F )8. The competitive advantage of an industry depends not only on its productivity relative to the foreign industry, but also on the domestic wage rate relative to the foreign wage rate. ( T )9. External economies are economies of scale that occur at the level of the industry instead of the firm. When external economies are important, developing countries may lose from trade. ( T ) 10. All else equal, a country’s currency undergoes a long-run real appreciation against foreign currencies when the world relative demand for its output rises. In this case the country’s real exchange rate rises. ( F )III.Quantitative/Graphing Problems (20 points)1. The nation of Acirema is “small”, unable to affect world prices. It imports peanuts at the price of $10 per bag. The demand curve is 40010S P=+. (10 points)=−. The supply curve is 505D PDetermine the free trade equilibrium. Then calculate and graph the following effects of an import quota that limits imports to 50 bags.1)The increase in the domestic price.2)The quota rents.3)The consumption distortion loss.4)The production distortion loss.200100 1503002. Assume that the euro interest rate is constant at 5 percent, and that the expected exchange rate is1.05 dollars per one euro. Find the expected dollar return on euro deposits for the following cases:(2 points for each)Case Today’sDollar/EuroExchange RateInterest Rate on Euro Deposits Expected DollarDepreciation Rate Against EuroE xpected Dollar Return on Euro Deposits (1.05-E)/ER EURO +(1.05-E)/E 1 1.070.05-0.018690.03132 1.060.05-0.009430.04063 1.050.0500.054 1.040.050.009610.05965 1.030.050.019420.0694IV . Essay Questions: (30 points)1. Discuss the effects of government deficits on the current account. (7 points)2. “A good cannot be both land- and labor-intensive.” Discuss. (7 points)3.Explain why price levels are lower in poorer countries. (7 points)4.Explain the effects of a permanent increase in the U.S. money supply on the interest rate, theprice level and exchange rate in the short run and in the long run. Assume that the U.S. real national income is constant. (9 points)。
国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx
《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。
厦门大学期末试卷国际经济学.doc
多选题5道，每题2分判断说明题，5道，每题4分，要说明对错的原因计算分析题，4大题，共计55分（今年不是这样出题.............. ）先说选择题掌握的内容1.如果两国在商品的生产中具有不同的机会成本，那么两国能够从专业化与交换中是否都能受益？李嘉图模型中，在两国生产两种商品情形下，其中一国在两种商品生产商均有绝对优势，另一国均有绝对劣势，则优势国可以专门生产优势较大的那种商品，劣势国可以生产劣势较小的那种商品，通过专业化和国际交换，双方仍然可以从中获利。
〃两利相权取其重，两弊相权取其轻〃。
两国在商品生产中具有不同的机会成本，那么一国生产某种产品上的机会成本低于他国生产该商品的机会成本，则该国在该产品的生产上具有比较优势。
如果一国出口本国具有比较优势的商品，则两国的贸易可以使两国受益。
国的工资水平会发生什么变化呢？2.如果一个劳动力丰富的国家与另一资本丰富的家进行自由贸易, 要素价格均等化是H-0模型的重要观点之一，是指各国的生产要素价格将因国际贸易而趋于相等。
根据H-0模型，一国倾向于生产并出口充裕要素密集型的产品，而进口稀缺要素密集型的产品，但贸易的深入必然导致不同生产要素充裕程度的变化，并引起其价格的相应变化。
充裕要素逐渐相对稀缺，价格由低到高，稀缺要素逐渐充裕，价格由高变低。
l=i 作为贸易对象的他国，也发生类似反向的变化，最终导致生产要素价格 的趋同。
要素价格均等化的实现前提是：两国的资源状况及其相似，生 产技术水平相同以及产品价格完全趋同（无贸易壁垒）。
3. 不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长方式有哪些?要素同比增长、技术同步进步、关税水平的普遍降低（按古典贸易理论 和新古典贸易理论，建立在要素禀赋基础上的产业结构决定了比较优势 结构，比较优势结构又决定了贸易增长方式。
如果不改变贸易结构而改 变贸易规模，只能是在要素禀赋比没有改变的情况下，才会不出现偏向 增长而改变贸易结构）（不确定啊）4. 可能会导致贫困化（福利恶化型）增长的因素有哪些呢?福利恶化性增长的条件是RS 和RD 曲线非常陡峭，经济增长对出口产品的 偏向非常强，以至于贸易条件的恶化足以抵消生产能力的提高所带来的 正面效果。
《国际经济学》课程知识 复习 学习材料 试题与参考答案
《国际经济学》课程知识复习学习材料试题与参考答案一、单选题1、国际经济学的研究对象是（C）。
A国际关系B经济关系C国际经济关系D国与国的关系2、世界贸易组织：是GATT的产物和继承者，于（C）正式成立。
它是多边贸易体制的法律基础和组织基础，通过规定各成员国政府所应承担的主要契约义务来规范各国国内贸易立法与规章制度的制定和实施。
A1996年1月1日B1997年1月1日C1995年1月1日D1994年1月1日3、只有（C）才能在总体上反映一国自主性交易的状况。
A经常项目B资本项目C贸易收支D官方结算4、（A）是指期限为一年或一年以内的国际资本流动。
A短期资本流动B长期资本流动C国际资本流动D不定期资本流动5、实际汇率表示剔除什么价格变动后的市场汇率（B）A国际市场价格B国内市场价格C出口价格指数D进口价格指数6、发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是( C )A固定汇率制 B浮动汇率制 C钉住汇率制 D联合浮动制7、比较优势理论的提出者是（B）A斯密B李嘉图 C奥林D赫克歇尔8、随着信息技术的发展，各类外汇市场上的汇率差异变动的趋势是（B）A扩大B缩小C不变D变化不确定9、国际贸易通过一系列刺激效应和传递机制作用于经济部门，最终推动经济增长的动态机制。
这种最终推动经济增长的贸易利益称为（C），也称贸易间接利益。
A静态贸易利益B贸易直接利益C动态贸易利益D静止利益10、利用本国货币对外（A）的机会，向外倾销商品和争夺市场的行为称为外汇倾销。
A贬值B保值C增值D倾销11、国际经济学主要研究（D）产生的原因、利益分配机制以及国际贸易政策和措施的影响和作用机制，以促进国家和世界经济的增长。
A国家B经济学C贸易D国际贸易12、要素密集只是一个相对的概念，当某一要素比重超过社会常规或平均水平时,我们即可以说是某要素密集型的生产类型。
所以，要素密集度是指某一要素在成本中比例（B）社会平均水平的程度。
A等于B超过C低于D无法比较13、(B)，促进了的形成和发展。
厦门大学计统系 国际经济学试卷
Mid-term Examination for International EconomicsMajor ______ Class ______ Name ____________ No.__________I.Multiple choices: 30%1.Mercantilists believedA.That trade can only benefit a country at the expense of all other countries.B.That maintaining a balance of trade surplus was best.ernment should have no control over trade.D.Amassing large quantities of gold and silver were damaging to the health of a country.2.Specialization in production is _______ with _______.A.Incomplete; constant costsB.Incomplete; increasing costsC.Variable; constant costsplete; increasing costs3.China is relatively labor-abundant and Australia is relatively land-abundant.Textiles are relatively more labor-intensive than the production of wool According to Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) theory, Australia will have:A. A comparative advantage in textiles.B. An absolute advantage in textiles.C. A comparative advantage in wool.D. An absolute advantage in wool.4. Considering a world economy with two goods, two countries.Suppose country 1 specializes in and exports commodity x in exchange of commodity y. Which of the following is the possible basis for international trade according the absolute advantage theory ?A. The unit labor requirment in x production is less in Country 2 than that in Country 1.B. The relative price of x in Country 1 exceeds the relative price of x in country 1C. Country 1 can produce a unit of x with less labor than country 2D. All of the above.5.Which of the following is not the assumption generally used in the study of classical international trade theory?A.perfect competitionB.difference in factor endowmentplete specializationD.pefect internaional moility of factors6.Gains from trade can be demonstrated in the neoclassical model by noting thatA.trade leads to specializationB.trade brings out diversity in consumptionC.trade results in more consumption above the production possbility frontierD.trade allows a country to learn new technology7.Which of the following is not long-run results of free trade:A. Commodity prices equalize between countries.B. Countries specialize more.C. One country gains while the other loses.D. Factor prices equalize between countries.8.In a labor-abundant country:A. Wage rates will fall with the opening of free trade.B. Wage rates will rise with the opening of free trade.C. Wage rates will stay the same with the opening of free trade.D. The change of wage rates is ambiguous.9.Which of the following would be winners when trade breaks out in a land abundant country:A. LandownersB. workersC. capital ownersD. all of them10.If the U.S.has a comparative advantage in the production of corn (land-intensive. and has a comparative disadvantage inthe production of textiles (labor-intensive., in the short-run, landowners in which sectors would gain?A. cornB. textilesC. bothD. neither11.Before trade, Australia is relatively abundant in capital and China is relatively abundant in labor.We would expect that the incomes of _________ in China and of _________ in Australia would increase.A. capital owners; workersB. workers; capital ownersC. nobody; capital ownersD. workers; nobody12.Heckscher-Ohlin theory can also be called:A. The theory of comparative advantage.B. Factor-endowment theory.C. The theory of absolute advantage.D. The factor-proportions theory.13.Gains from trade can be broken down into two components:A. From exchange;from specializationB. From specialization; from progress in producitivityC. From the technology change;from specializationD. From factor transition; from exchange14.Which of the following is one of the assumptions of the H-O Model:A. Nations use difference technology in productionB. Both commodities are produced under increasing returns to scaleC. Tastes are equal in both nationsD. There is imperfect factor mobility within each nation and no international factor mobility15.Equilibrium Relative Commodity Price with trade determined byA. Mutual demand and supply in the world marketB. Trade neogiation between the two countriesC.The international unit labor requirments of the commodityD. The management by both governments16.Which of the following can lead to international tradeA. differences in tasteB. differences in resourcesC. differences in productivityD. all of the above17.The Leontief Paradox found fault with:A. The theory of absolute advantage.B. The theory of comparative advantage.C. Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) theory.D. The Factor Price Equalization theorem.18.If Y production uses 80 workers and 200 units of capital, while X production uses 20 workers and 20 units of capital, thenA. Y production is Capital intensiveB. X production is Capital intensiveC.If country 1 is labor aboundant, she should specialize in and export X.D. All of the above are false.19.In a specific factors model, the increase of price of manufactures will not leads toA. labor shifts from the food sector to the manufacturing sectorB. output of manufactures rises while that of food falls.C. Workers are definitely better offD.The wage rate rises in both sectors.20.Only doubling labor with trade in a large labor-abundant country ______.A. deteriorate the country’s terms of tradeB. can increase or reduces the volume of tradeC.reduces the country’s social welfareD.all of the above.21.The Rybczynski theorem postulates that doubling labor at constant relative commodity price ______.A. doubles the output of the labor-intensive commodityB.reduces the output of the capital-intensive commodityC.keeps the output of the capital-intensive commodity unchangedD.any of the above.22.If a nation exports a differentiated product twice more than it imports, its intra-industry index is ______.A.1B.0.75C.0.5D. 0.2523.A monopoly firm engaged in international trade will ______.A. equate average to local costsB.equate marginal costs with foreign marginal revenuesC.equate marginal costs with the highest price the market will bearD.equate marginal costs with marginal revenues in both domestic and foreign markets.24.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we should NOT expect to see ______.A. intra-industry trade between countriesB.perfect competition in these industriesC.inter-industry trade between countriesD.high levels of specialization in both countries25.In the domestic monopolistically competitive market, as the number of varieties increases, the price ______ and the unit cost ______.A.increases; increasesB.increases; decreasesC.decreases; increasesD.decreases; decreases26.A product is produced in a monopolistically competitive industry with scale economies.If this industry exists in two countries, and these two countries engage in trade one with the other, we would expectA. the country in which the price of the product is lower will export the product.B.the country with a relative abundance of the factor of production in which production ofC.the product is intensive willexport this product.D.each of the countries will export different varieties of the product to the other.27.International trade based on internal scale economies in both countries is likely to be carried out by a ______.A. relatively large number of price competing firmsB.relative small number of price competing firmsC.relative small number of competing oligopolistsD.monopoly firms in each country/industry.28.Which of the following is not correct about the intraindustry trade and intraindustry trade:A The basis for trade in interindustry trade is comparative advantage, and that in intraindustry trade is not comparative advantageB The pattern of inteeindustry trade itself is unpredictable, and the pattern of interindustry can be predicted through the pretrade relative price of commodites.C If Home and Foreign are similar, there will be more interindustry trade.D Intraindustry trade can make all factors better off .29.Which of the following factors would NOT be likely to contribute to a worsening of the terms of trade of developing countries?A. Heavy reliance on primary production exports.B.The differing price effects of technological change compared to developed countries.C.Developing countries’attempts to diversify their exports and include more manufactured goods in their export commoditiesD.Differences in the demand characteristics of the developing countries’ exports and imports.30.Assume a country that produces cloth and coal.Assume that cloth production requires significant amounts of labor and capital, but relatively little land.Assume that coal production requires relatively little labor and capital, but relatively large amounts of coal-rich land.Given increases in the country’s endowments of capital and labor, we can expect thatA. both cloth and coal production will increase.B.cloth production will increase, but coal production will remain constant.C.coal production will increase, but cloth production will remain constant.D.cloth production will increase, but coal production will decline.II.True or False:10%31. To increase one country’s wealth, the country must sell more to strangers than consume of theirs in value yearly.32. If one nation is less efficient than the other country in the production of both commodities, there is not a basis for mutuallybeneficial trade.33.The Ricardian model explains why abosulute advantage is not nessecarily for international trade.34.Countries A and B have two factors of production, capital and labor, with which they produce two goods, X and Y.Technology is the same in the two countries. Good X is capital intensive; Country A is capital abundant. An increase in A’s labor induces an increase in B’s terms of trade.35. Increasing opportunity cost arise when resources are perfect substitutes for each other or used in fixed proportion in theproduction.36. Small Country have no effects on the relative price on the world market37. The Heckscher-Ohlin model with two factors of production, labor and capital, shows that free trade between the US andMexico would lower US wages to the level of Mexican wages that prevails prior to the opening to trade.38. In a specific factors model, where labor is the mobile factor, trade is beneficial for the workers of the export sector.39.Foreign competition is unfair and hurts other countries when it is based on low wages.40. Free trade is beneficial only for strong economies.III.Essay questions: 20%41. Consider an economy where the factors of production are labor (mobile) and capital (sector-specific in the Specific Factors model and mobile in the Heckscher-Ohlin model). Contrast the welfare effect of trade on the capital owners in the Specific Factors and the Heckscher-Ohlin models.42. What is the Leontief Paradox? Give two explanations to it.43. Many theoretical trade models assume that all goods are perfect substitutes and that all goods are traded. There are also many models that specify the existence of non-traded goods or that traded goods are imperfect substitutes. What are the implications for the H-O model with non-traded goods and/or goods that are imperfect substitutes?IV.Graphic problems or quantitative problems: 40%44. Specific model.Suppose that the United States produces only food and manufactures. Land is a specific factor input in food production and capital is a specific factor input in manufactures while labor is freely allocated across both sectors of the economy. All of a sudden, agricultural policy in the European Union induces an increase in the world food supply and reduces the international price of food. Illustrate the impact of the reduction in the price of food on the US labor demand curves for food and manufactures. What is the impact on labor allocation in the US and what is the impact on the wage rate?45. Ricardian model.Suppose the unit labor requirements (the number of hours of labor required to produce one unitcommodity) for country 1 and 2 are the following:Country 1 Country 2corn 2 20banana 6 48tomato 5 20apples 7 20wheat 12 645.1 Suppose that all residents in both countries merely consume tomato and wheat. Then which goods will country Aproduce and export? Which goods will country B produce and export?45.2 This problem is based on 29.1. Suppose that every country has 120 hours of labors. Prove that each country canbenefit from trade under such assumptions.45.3 If the wage rate in A is five times that of B, which goods will country A export? which goods will country Bexport?46. A free-trade equilibrium exists in a two-region, two-product world. The United States trade with theRest-of-the-World, exporting manufacturing and importing energy. Suppose that environmental consciousness has reduced the demand for energy in the US.46.1. At given international price, what is the effect in the US of this change in demand on the desired levels of importsand of exports?46.2. Illustrate this result on a graph showing the impact of this decline in the demand for energy on the US offercurve.46.3 Assume that the United States is large enough to influence international prices, show on the previous graph howthis reduction in the demand for energy in the US affects the equilibrium international price ratio and volume of trade.46.4 Show on a PPF graph and explain the effect of this change in the terms of trade in the Rest of the World on Rest ofthe World’s welfar47．Monopolistic competition and international trade. Imagine an industry consisting of a number of firms producing differentiated products. The particular equation for the demand and the for the cost facing a firm are:Q = S ×[1/n – b ×(P – P*)]AC = F/Q + cwhere:Q is the firm’s sales, S is the total sales of the industry,n is the number of firms in the industry,b is a constant term representing the responsiveness of a firm’s sales to its price,P is the price charged by the firm itself，and P* is the average price charged by other competitors.Assume the following: b = 1/30000, F = $750,000,000, c = $5000 .And assume there are two countries (Home and Foreign) that have the same costs of automobile production. Annual sales of automobiles are 1600 million at Home and 4900 million at Foreign.47.1 Show the equilibrium price and numbers of firms of Home and Foreign in the absence of trade.47.2 Show the equilibrium price and numbers of firms of Home and Foreign in open economies.一．单项选择：BBCCDCCBABBDACADCACABBDBCDDCCD二．判断对错××√√× ×√×××三．简答1．7分要点：1）特定要素模型中的资本属于特定要素，在国际贸易后，资本相对丰裕的国家出口特定被特定使用的产品，并从中获益；反之，资本相对稀缺的国家资本受损。
国际经济学试题及答案(题库)
国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。
2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。
3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。
4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。
5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。
6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。
7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。
第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。
3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。
7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。
选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。
2、要素禀赋理论由H-O定理、要素价格均等化定理和罗伯津斯基定理、斯托伯-萨缪尔森定理等构成3、要素价格均等化理论指出国际贸易通过商品价格的均等化会导致要素价格的均等化，从而在世界范围实现资源的最佳配置。
厦大《国际经济学》课程试卷试卷答案(三套).doc
第一套试卷答案一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1-5 DDCDB 6-10 DBCAA二、名词解释（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）1.生产可能性曲线：生产可能性曲线（Production Possibility Curves,简称PPC）表明一个国家在充分和有效地使用其所有资源时能生产的各种商品数量的组合。
2.要素禀赋：指一个国家或经济体所拥有的可利用的经济资源的总供给。
包括自然存在的资源，如土地、矿产等，也包括社会积累资源，如技术、资本。
3.价格支持：所谓价格支持，是政府通过稳定价格来支持生产者的一种手段。
为了稳定生产和保证生产者的收入，政府设立一个不由市场供求变动决定的“支持价格”或“保证价格”。
4.外部规模经济：指单位产品成本取决于行业规模而非单个厂商的规模。
一个只存在外部规模经济的行业一般由许多小厂商构成，而且是完全竞争的。
5.自由贸易区：是划在关境以外的一个区域，对进岀口商品全部或大部分免征关税, 并且准许在港内或区内进行商品自由储存、展览、加工和制造等业务活动，以促进地区经济及本国对外贸易的发展。
6.自愿岀口限制：非关税贸易保护的一种手段，即出口国“自愿”限制其出口量，对进口国来说，由于对方自愿限制，其进口量也就自然减少。
三、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1~5 X V X X V 6" 10 V X X V X四、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题14分，共28分）1.答：美国经济学家里昂惕夫想要通过美国的数据来检验赫克歇尔一俄林的理论，即他要同时验证两个命题：（1）赫克歇尔一俄林的理论是正确的；（2）与其贸易伙伴相比，美国是一个资木充裕的国家，美国应该岀口资本密集型产品进口劳动密集型产品。
然而，里昂惕夫的计算结果向他和其他人提供了一个令人困惑的“谜”：在1947年, 美国向世界其他国家出口的是劳动密集型产品，而换取的是相对资本密集的进口产品！这就是里昂惕夫之谜.理论上对里昂惕夫之谜的解释包括（1）生产要素密集性逆转，例如在美国由于资 本充裕而劳动相对稀缺，资本便宜和劳动力昂贵，美国可能在玩具生产中使用更多的资 本而非劳动。
国际经济学试题及答案解析
国际经济学试卷(A)
一、选择题（2x15=30，每题只有一个正确答案）
1、如果dx、sx、dm和sm分别代表出口产品的需求弹性、出口产品的供给弹性、进口产品的需求弹性和进口产品的供给弹性，则马歇尔—勒纳条件用公式表示为（）A．｜dx+dm｜>1 B．｜dx+sx｜>1
C．｜dm+sm｜>1 D．｜sx+sm｜>1
2. “贫困化增长”的一个必要条件为：（）
A．国家的增长偏向于出口产业。
B．外国对该国的出口需求具有价格弹性。
C．国家的消费偏好高度偏向于出口商品。
D．贸易在国民经济中比重不大。
3、从国际贸易对生产要素收入分配的短期影响来看，自由贸易会导致（）
A．生产进口竞争品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
B．生产进口竞争品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平下降
C．生产出口品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平提高
D．生产出口品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
4、在商品的国际比价保持不变的情况下，偏向出口的生产要素增长会（）
A．扩大出口品生产规模 B．扩大进口品生产规模
C．使贸易规模保持不变 D．使贸易规模缩减
5、在货币主义的汇率决定理论中，与本币价值负相关的变量是（）
A．本国国民收入 B．外国国民收入
C．外国的利息率 D．外国货币供给
6、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论是（）
A．重叠需求理论 B．规模经济理论
C．要素禀赋理论 D．相互倾销理论
范文范例指导参考学习资料整理分享。
厦门大学 国际经济学习题 带答案
1、一个小国和一个大国发生贸易，哪一个国家的福利水平提高的幅度更大一些？画图说明。
思路：一般来说，小国福利水平提高的幅度更大一些。
以大国向小国进口为例。
从下图中可以看出虽然贸易后的价格均为PW,但是大国价格变动幅度小于小国,所以大国福利仅提高ABE ，而小国福利提高A ’B ’E ’。
大国原来福利水平为OMEN ，福利提高幅度为ABE/OMEN ，而小国福利原来水平为O ’M ’E ’N ’，福利提高幅度为A ’B ’E ’/O ’M ’E ’N ’，显然小国的福利水平提高幅度要比大国大。
2、某国是个小国，资源存量：劳动L 为200单位，资本K 为4单位，土地T 为16单位。
生产汽车的生产函数为Q m = K 0.5L 0.5，国内需求函数为P m =mQ 392；生产粮食的生产函数为Q f = T 0.5L 0.5，国内需求函数为P f =fG 8。
国际市场上汽车的价格为8，粮食的价格为4。
（1）求封闭经济情况下的均衡工资水平，以及汽车和粮食的产量和价格。
（2）求贸易后的均衡工资以及两部门的产量和贸易量。
（3）假如由于一场严重的自然灾害使该国可耕作土地存量短期内减少，请结合图形分析，灾害将带给该国经济均衡的短期和长期影响分别是什么？ （4）如果该国开垦了大量土地，使得土地存量由16单位增加到784单位。
求贸易后均衡工资和两部门的产量。
并说明土地增加对经济的影响。
QP11112222,239219621,28,14,8,1M M M MG G GMGM M G G W W W W W M P Q L L M P L L P P W Q P Q P --=∴===∴======同理综合上面两式得1122,,2100,0.88420,49,29;40,2,38;M G MG M G MGM M M M M G G G M M W W W W M P M P L L L L W P P f Q IM Q f f Q EX f Q --==∴========-====-=即11122214,568,196,4,4,4,49445392,3922390G G GMG M M MG G M P L W L L L L W f IMf E X ---========-===-=很显然,巨大石油储量的发现,使汽车部门大量萎缩,经济更加依赖进口；同时出口部门得到极大的壮大。
《国际经济学》章节测试答案
《国际经济学》章节测试答案国际贸易理论（一）1.答案哪位经济学家为开放的宏观经济学做出主要贡献？（）A、庇古B、凯恩斯C、李嘉图D、亚当·斯密正确答案：B2.国际经济学的主要内容包括（）。
A、国际金融理论及其对策B、开放经济下的宏观经济学C、国际贸易理论及其对策D、企业利润最大化的产量决定正确答案：ABC3.在资源稀缺条件下，如何对资源进行有效配置是西方经济学研究的主要问题。
（）正确答案：√4.马克思主义经济学的分支之一是国际经济学。
（）正确答案：×国际贸易理论（二）1.答案宏观经济学主要讨论的内容不包括( )。
A、经济增长B、物价稳定C、生产要素D、充分就业正确答案：C2.答案宏观经济学是( )创立的。
A、亚当·斯密B、凯恩斯C、大卫·李嘉图D、大卫·威尔兹正确答案：B3.萨伊认为生产要素包括( )。
A、资本B、价值C、劳动D、土地正确答案：ACD4.1355年的美国,就已存在有关国际贸易的统计资料。
( )正确答案：×5.国际经济学理论的基本着眼点是价格、交换、均衡、效益和福利。
( )正确答案：√国际贸易理论（三）1.答案经济学与国际经济学两者在经济运行机制层面的异同不包括( )。
A、要素流动的自由程度B、经济交往的媒介C、经济运行的主体D、经济调控手段程度与范围正确答案：C2.答案现代经济学最大的难点问题在于( )。
A、形而上学B、不确定性C、抽象能力D、稳定性正确答案：B3.答案曾成功预测亚洲金融危机的经济学家是( )。
A、罗伯特·蒙代尔B、格林斯潘C、亚当·斯密D、克鲁格曼正确答案：D4.国际经济学是在传统的国际贸易和国际金融理论基础上发展起来的。
( )正确答案：√5.大卫·李嘉图在古典经济模型中的经典假设是要素在国与国之间是可以充分流动的。
( )正确答案：×国际贸易理论（四）1.答案( )的观点认为“国际经济学与国内区际经济学所研究的问题存在程度上的不同”。
10套 《国际经济学》期末试卷及答案
《国际经济学》模拟试卷（1）一、单项选择（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）：在四个备选答案中选择一个最适合的答案。
1．关于一般均衡分析的新古典模型，说法不正确的是（）。
A.国际贸易理论的标准模型B.采用2 2 1模型进行阐述C.将技术、要素禀赋、需求偏好集于一体D.由哈伯勒、勒纳、里昂惕夫和米德等人提出2．国际金融理论的发展一直是围绕着（）这一十分重要的问题而展开的。
A.外部平衡B.内部平衡C.外部平衡与内部平衡D.规模经济3．生产可能性曲线的假设条件有（）。
A.两种生产要素的总供给都是可变的B.生产要素可在两个部门间自由流动C.两种生产要素没有充分利用D.两种商品的生产技术条件是可变的4．要素密集度可借助于（）来说明。
A.社会无差异曲线B.需求曲线C.等产量曲线D.供给曲线5．国际贸易会（）贸易国出口部门特定要素的实际收入。
A.提高B.降低C.不影响D.可能影响6．在产品生命周期的产品成熟阶段，产品属于（）。
A.研究与开发密集型B.资本密集型C.劳动密集型D.土地密集型7．属于国际收支账户中服务项目的有（）。
A.证券投资B.商品修理C.计算机和信息服务D.非货币黄金8．购买力平价论（the theory of purchasing power parity），简称PPP理论，是（）在其1922年出版的《1914年以后的货币与外汇》（money and foreign exchange after 1914）中第一次系统阐述的。
A.勒纳B.卡塞尔C.凯恩斯D.多恩布什9．假设某国的边际消费倾向为0.80，边际进口倾向为0.30，试问该国的对外贸易乘数是（）。
A.1B.2C.3D.410．假设即期汇率l英镑=2美元，在欧洲市场美元一年期的利率为15%，英镑为10%，求一年后的远期汇率1英镑等于（）美元。
A.2.091B.2C.1.913D.3二、判断题（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）：若判断正确，在小题后的括号内填上“√”号；若判断不正确，则在小题后的括号内填上“×”号。
国际经济学习题参考答案..
一、单项选择题[请自己谨慎核对，防止答案序号排列有误！！！！！！]1. C2. B3. A4. A5. B6. A7. D8. B9. A 10. D 11. B12. A 13. A14.B 15.B 16.B 17.C 18. C 19． C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23.C 24.D25.A 26.B 27. A 28. B 29.C 30. C 31.D 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C 36.C 37.B 38.C 39.D 40. B41B 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. D 48.A 49A 50. D 51.C 52.B 53.C 54.D 55. A 56. A 57. D 58. B59. B60.A 61. A 62. A 63.B 64. D 65. D 66. B 67. B 68. B 69. B 70.D71. A 72．D 73.B 74. A 75.B 76.A 77.C 78.C 79.D 80. A 81.B 82. D 83.C 84. C 85.D 86. C 87. C 88. C 89. A90. C 91. B92. A 93. C 94.A 95. C 96.C 97. C 98. C 99. B 100. A 101. D 102.A 103. A 104．C 105. A 106. C 107. D 108. D 109. A110.B 111. C112．D 113. A 114. A 115. C 116. D 117. C 118. B 119. B 120. D 121.D 122. C123. B 124. B 125. C 126. C 127. B 128.B二、判断改错题1.（√）2.（×）在李嘉图模型中，比较优势和比较成本这两个概念可以任意替换使用，但在更广泛的范围内，比较优势不等同于比较成本，前者是根据商品相对价格的比较确定的，而后者是指生产成本的相对差异。
12国际经济学B卷(集美)
C．出口额与GDP的比值
D．还本付息额与GDP的比值
7．当货币的远期汇率高于即期汇率时，我们称之为( )
A.贴水B.升水C.平价D.差价
8.在布雷顿森林体系下，与黄金挂钩的货币是( )
A.日元B.美元C.欧元D.港元
9．如果dx,dm分别代表出口的需求弹性和进口的需求弹性，则马歇尔—勒纳条件用公式表示为（ ）
D接受外国无偿援助E私人汇出的侨汇
得分
三、填空题(本大题共9小题，每小题0.5分，共17分)。
1、国际资本市场的构成①②
③
20、三种贸易收益、。
2、世界资本市场的结构包括
、、、
3、外汇市场的主要参与者包括：、、、。
8、冲销性外汇干预是指央行有时进行的数量相等但的国外和国内资产交易，以抵消外汇交易对的影响。
得分
六、计算题15分
1、三角套汇：以下是即期汇率
纽约外汇市场美元1=瑞士法郎2.5347-2.5351
苏黎世外汇市场英镑1=瑞士法郎3.2330-3.2342
伦敦外汇市场英镑1=美元1.3147-1.3155
试判断套汇机会，若套汇者用187万美元套汇，可盈利多少？（7分）
2、抵补套利：伦敦市场年利率5.3%，伦敦外汇市场即期1英镑/美元=2.0321-2.0336
1.基本项目收支差额包括( )
A.商品贸易收支B.服务贸易收支C.资本项目收支
D.官方结算收支E.金融资产变动项目收支
2.一国在实现外部平衡的过程中，可供选择的政策措施有( )
A.融通资金B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动
D.调整经济E.限制进口
3.金本位制是一种以黄金作为货币本位的货币制度，其主要特点为( )
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一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共 20分)
1. 如果两国在商品的生产中具有不同的机会成本，那么两国能够从专业化与交换中（ ）
A 均遭受损失
B 均获得收益
C 无法确定
D 既不受损，也不受益
2. 赫克歇尔—俄林理论认为，国际贸易产生的根本动因是国际间的（ ） A 劳动生产率不同 B 资源禀赋不同
C 绝对优势不同
D 资源使用效率不同
3.新西兰的养牛业的土地－劳动比例高于其种植业相应比例。
那么对于新西兰而言，种植业属于（ ）。
A 土地密集型
B 劳动密集型
C 视各自进出口情况而定
D 视同贸易对手的比较而定
4. 在赫克歇尔—俄林模型中，国际贸易主要基于各国在以下方面的差别（ ）
A.技术
B.要素禀赋
C.规模经济
D.产品差异化
5. 对每单位进口商品征收固定税额的关税税种是（ ）。
A.从价税
B.从量税
C.复合税
D.滑准税
6. 以下关于GATT 和WTO 的说法不正确的是（ ）
A.GATT 是一个临时协定
B.WTO 是一个正式的国际组织
C.WTO 仅适用于货物贸易
D.WTO 包含一套新的争端解决机制
7. 征收关税后，大国的社会福利水平（ ）。
A.上升
B.稍微下降
C.下降很多
D.都有可能
厦门大学《国际经济学》课程试卷 命题人： 试卷类型：（B 卷）
8.下列贸易现象中不能用规模经济加以解释的是（）。
A. 法国和意大利相互出口汽车
B. 香港作为亚洲的金融中心
C. 中国已经成为电视机和其他家电的主要出口国
D. 中东国家的石油占据了世界石油市场的巨大份额
9. 对于一个小国（价格接受国）来说，最优关税为（）。
A.零
B.禁止关税
C.毫无疑问的是正值
D.随着国家需求弹性的增加而增加
10. 从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是( ) 。
A.商品
B.资本
C.人员
D.技术
二、名词解释(本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分)
（解释每个名词的含义）
1.相机保护措施
2. 绝对优势理论
3. 要素禀赋
4. 生产要素价格均等化定理
5. 进口替代型增长
6. 倾销
三、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
（判断下列命题正误,正确的打√，错误的打×。
）
1. 只有当一个国家的生产率达到足以在国际竞争中立足的水平时，它才能从自由贸易中获益。
（）
2. 若乙国的资本总量与劳动总量的比率(TK/TL)高于甲国，则乙国劳动相对丰裕，甲国资本相对丰裕。
( )
3. 规模经济决定了各国的比较优势。
（）
4. 内部规模经济指单位产品成本取决于行业的规模而不是单个厂商的规模。
（）
5.如果存在外部规模经济，即便不存在比较优势，也可以导致国际贸易的发生。
( )
6.实行贸易制裁，被制裁者利益受损，制裁者一定会增加利益。
（）
7. 产品周期理论认为，一个新产品的技术发展大致有新产品阶段、成熟阶段和标准化阶段等三个阶段。
( )
8. GATT 是一个临时协定, 而WTO 是一个正式的国际组织。
( )
9.进口配额和关税的福利的一个差别是制定配额时政府没有关税收入。
（）
10. 国产化程度要求是指要求最终产品中必须有一明确规定的比例是本国生产的。
（）
四、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）
1. 比较出口补贴与对出口行业的生产补贴造成的社会福利影响有什么不同。
2. 结合学过的比较优势模型、H-O模型以及规模经济理论，谈谈国家之间进行国际贸易主要基于哪些基本原因？
五、计算题分析题（本大题共2小题，共27分）
1.假定本国有2500单位劳动，外国有800单位劳动，均用来生产网球拍和网球两种产品。
在本国，生产1单位网球需要2个单位的劳动力，生产1单位网球拍需要15个单位的劳动力。
而在外国，生产1单位网球需要1个单位的劳动力，生产1单位网球拍需要4个单位的劳动力。
（11分）
（1）哪个国家具有生产网球的绝对优势？（2分）
（2）对本国和外国而言，用网球表示的网球拍的机会成本是多少？（3分）
（3）哪个国家应出口网球拍，为什么？（3分）
（4）在贸易均衡的状态下，网球拍的价格区间是多少？（3分）
2. 下表列出了加拿大和中国生产1单位计算机和1单位小麦所需的劳动时间。
假定生产计算机和小麦都只用劳动，加拿大的总劳动为600小时，中国总劳动为800小时。
（13分）
（1）哪个国家具有生产小麦的绝对优势？（2分）
（2）计算不发生贸易时各国生产计算机的机会成本。
（2分）
（3）哪个国家只有生产计算机的比较优势？（3分）
（4）在自由贸易情况下，两国应各生产什么产品？数量是多少？（3分）（5）如果给定世界价格是1单位计算机交换22单位小麦，加拿大参与贸易可以从每单位的进口中节省多少劳动时间？中国可以从每单位进口中节省多少劳动时间？（3分）。