儿科造血系统2-kawasakidisease英文

川崎病

川崎病（Kawasaki Disease, KD）是一种病因不明，以急性发热、皮肤粘膜病损和淋巴结肿大为临床表现的全身性血管炎综合征。

该病于1967年由日本的Dr Tomisacu Kawasaki (川崎富作医生) 用日文首先报道(1974年用英文首次报告了50个病例)，因此国际上称之为川崎病。

自首次报告30余年来世界各地均有报道，目前已是5岁以下幼儿常见的发热性疾病之一。

由于其最危险病变发生在心脏，现已逐渐取代风湿热成为儿童获得性心脏病中最常见的疾病。

KD发病率存在明显的地区差别和种族差异。

新近资料显示，以5岁以下儿童为统计对象，KD在不同国家和地区的发病率从高到低排列依次为：日本、韩国、中国台湾地区和中国香港地区，中国大陆和欧美国家缺少全国性的调查网络，不同地区发病情况不尽相同。

但几乎所有报道均显示KD发病率呈逐年上升趋势。

病因及发病机制1. 目前并不清楚2. 可能与以下一些因素相关:a. 感染:各种病原体（如细菌、病毒、支原体、真菌等）均可能引起，但缺乏直接证据b. 免疫激活及细胞因子:介导免疫反应或自身免疫反应，引起细胞因子分泌增加，血管内皮细胞激活，血管内皮功能障碍和细胞间质基质金属蛋白酶表达异常等，造成血管壁损伤。

c. 遗传学背景：存在易感人群。

因为KD在亚裔人群发病率显著高于白种人群;家族发病率1%，双胎发病率13% 。

临床表现•发热:100%患者热程10-14天.至少>5天少数病人≥3周或<10天>39℃可有体温退后1-2天复升,或3次反•眼结膜炎:89-100%患者,急性期发热后24-48小时之内出现，球结膜充血重于睑结膜充血。

无水肿及分泌物。

1-2周消退，自限性。

•口腔黏膜病变:发病后24-48小时出现,持续9-12天,与眼充血时间相近,草莓舌,口唇黏膜及皮肤交界处皲裂•四肢变化:急性期：手足末梢出现红斑/硬肿,恢复期：指趾端脱屑•多形性皮疹:发热后数天,于手足硬肿周期出现,多形性红色皮疹:播散性红斑、丘疹、斑丘疹、偶有小,脓疱；可相似于荨麻疹、多形性红斑和猩红热。

医学儿科相关词汇中英对照

医学儿科相关词汇中英对照儿科是研究儿童生长发育的规律及其影响因素，不断提高儿童在体格、智力和社会适应性方面的生长发育水平。

接下来小编为大家整理运动医学相关词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!儿科学Pediatrics活动过少Lack of Movement家族遗传Inheritance神经、精神因素Nervous and Mental Factors继发性肥胖Secondary Obesity膝外翻Genu Valgum扁平足Fallen arch性发育较早Early Sexual Development实验室检查Laboratory Examinations胆固醇Cholesterol甘油三酯Triglycerideβ脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein胰岛素Insulin生长激素Growth Hormone诊断标准Standard of Diagnosis轻度Mild制度Moderate重度Severe儿童保健Child care疾病防治Disease prevention营养基础Basal nutrition婴儿喂养Infants' feeding营养不良Malnutrition小儿肥胖obesity in Childhood解剖Anatomy生理生化Physiology and biochemistry 营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism 免疫Immunity病理Pathology疾病的种类Variety of Disease临床表现Clinical Situation诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预后Prognosis预防Prevention胎儿期Fetal Stage胚卵期Ovigerm Stage胚胎期Embryo Stage新生儿期Neonatal Period脐带Omphalus足月儿T erm Infant早产儿Premature过期产儿Post term Infant围产期Perinatal stage婴儿期Infancy幼儿期Toddler Period学龄期School age青春期Adolescence遗传inheritance性别sex内分泌endocrine孕母情况mother's condition营养nutrition 。

儿科诊断英文缩写

维生素A缺乏病（vitamin A ddficiency disorder）营养性维生素D缺乏佝偻病（rickets of vitamin D deficiency）骨质软化症（Osteomalacia）蛋白质-能量营养不良（proteln-energy malnutrition，PEM）小儿单纯性肥胖（obesity）肥胖-换氧不良综合征（Pickwickian syndrome）肥胖生殖无能症（Fröhlich syndrome）肠病性肢端皮炎（acrodermatitis enteropathica）是一种常染色体隐性遗传病，因小肠缺乏吸收锌的载体，故可表现为严重缺锌。

碘缺乏病（Iodine Deficiency Disorders, IDD）痤疮（acne）支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonarydysplasia, BPD），即慢性肺疾病（chronic lung disease，CLD）持续胎儿循环（persistent fetalcirculation，PFC），即新生儿持续肺动脉高压（persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn，PPHN）早产儿视网膜病（retinopathy of prematurity，ROP）宫内生长迟缓（intrauterine growth restriction/retardation, IUGR）新生儿窒息（asphyxia of newborn）原发性呼吸暂停（primary apnea）继发性呼吸暂停（secondary apnea）新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，HIE）新生儿颅内出血（intracranial haemorrhage of the newborn）脑室周围-脑室内出血（periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage，PVH-IVH）原发性蛛网膜下腔出血（primary subarachoid haemorrhage，SAH）脑实质出血（intraparenchymal haemorrhage，IPH）硬膜下出血（subdural hemorrhage，SDH）小脑出血（eerebellar hemorrhage，CH）胎粪吸入综合征（meconium aspiration syndrome，MAS）新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（respiratory distress syndrome，RDS）又称肺透明膜病（hyaline membrane disease，HMD）糖尿病母亲所娩的婴儿（infant of diabetic mother，IDM）湿肺（wet lung）亦称新生儿暂时性呼吸增快（transient tachypnea of newborn，TTN）B组链球菌肺炎（group B streptococcal pneumonia）膈疝（diaphragrnatic hernia）新生儿黄疸（neonatal jaundice）新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of newborn, HDN）新生儿败血症（neonatal septicemia）感染性肺炎（infectious pneumonia）新生儿破伤风（neonatal tetanus）巨细胞病毒感染（cytomegalovirus infection）先天性梅毒（congenital syphilis）新生儿寒冷损伤综合征（neonatal cold injury syndrome）又称新生儿硬肿症（sclerema neonatorum）新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis，NEC）新生儿出血症（hemorrhagic disease of the newborn，HDN）新生儿低血糖（neonatal hypoglycemia）新生儿高血糖（neonatal hyperglycemia）新生儿低钙血症（neonatalhypocalcemia）脐疝（umbilical hernia）脐肉芽肿（umbilical granuloma）新生儿产伤（birth injury）染色体畸变综合征（chromosomal aberration syndrome）21-三体综合征又称Down’s综合征，以前也称先天愚型先天性卵巢发育不全综合征为Turner综合征先天性睾丸发育不全综合征又称Klinefelter综合征（Klinefelter syndrome）苯丙酮尿症（phenylketonuria, PKU）肝豆状核变性（hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD）又称Wilson病糖原累积病（glycogen storage disease, GSD）黏多糖病（mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS）免疫缺陷病（immunodeficiency，ID）原发性免疫缺陷病（primary immunodeficiency，PID）继发性免疫缺陷病（secondary immunodeficiency, SID）联合免疫缺陷病（combined immunodeficiency，CID）严重联合免疫缺陷病（severe combined immunodeficiency，SCID）X连锁无丙种球蛋白血症（X-Linked agammaglobulinaemia，XLA）常见变异型免疫缺陷病（commonvariable immunodeficiency，CVID）湿疹血小板减少伴免疫缺陷（Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome，WAS）共济失调毛细血管扩张综合征（ataxia-telangiectasia，AT）胸腺发育不全（DiGeorge anormaly，DA）白细胞黏附分子缺陷（1eukocyte adhesion defects，LAD）慢性肉芽肿病（chronic granulomatous，CGD）风湿热（rheumatic fever）幼年特发性关节炎（juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA）幼年类风湿性关节炎（juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, JRA）幼年慢性关节炎（juvenile chronic arthritis, JCA）幼年型关节炎（juvenile arthritis, JA）银屑病性关节炎（JpsA）幼年强直性脊柱炎（JAS）过敏性紫癜（anaphylactoid purpura）又称亨-舒综合征（henoch-schonlein syndrome，henoch -schonlein purpura, HSP）川崎病（Kawasaki disease，KD）麻疹（measles）亚急性硬化性全脑炎（subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE）脊髓灰质炎（poliomyelitis）又称小儿麻痹症急性感染性多发性神经根神经炎（Guillain-Barre综合征）水痘（chichenpox, varicella）水痘-带状疱疹病毒（varicella-zoster virus, VZV）传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis, IM)全身炎症反应综合征（systemic inflammatory response syndrome, SIRS）代偿性抗炎反应综合征(Compensated anti-inflammatory response syndrome，CARS)胃食管反流病（GERD）赫什朋病（Hirschsprung disease，HD）进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积症（PFIC）急性上呼吸道感染（acute upper respiratory infection，AURI）咳嗽变异型哮喘（CVA）社区获得性肺炎（community acquired pneumonia，CAP）院内获得性肺炎（hospital acquired pneumonia，HAP）抗利尿激素异常分泌综合征（syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretichormone，SIADH）革兰阴性杆菌肺炎（Gram-negative bacillary pneumonia，GNBP）先天性心脏病（congenital heart disease，CHD，先心病）肺动脉瓣狭窄（pulmonary stenosis，PS）法洛四联症（tetralogy of Fallot，TOF）是婴儿期后最常见的青紫型先天性心脏病完全性大动脉转位（complete transposition of the great arteries，c-TGA）是新生儿期最常见的发绀型先天性心脏病急性肾小球肾炎（acute glomerulonephritis，AGN）急进性肾小球肾炎（rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis，RPGN）肾病综合征（nephrotic syndrome，NS）原发性肾病综合征（primary nephritic syndrome，PNS）乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎（hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis，HBV-GN）泌尿道感染（urinary tract infection，UTI）反流性肾病（reflux nephropathy，RN）肾小管酸中毒（renal tubular acidosis，RTA）远端肾小管酸中毒（distal renal tubular acidosis，dRTA）近端肾小管酸中毒（proximal renal tubular acidosis，pRTA）溶血尿毒综合征（hemolytic uremic syndrome，HUS）血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（thromboic thrombocytopenic purpura，TTP）阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿（paroximal nocturnal hemoglobinuria，PNH）急性肾衰竭（acute renal failure，ARF）急性肾小管坏死（acute tubular necrosis，ATN）缺铁性贫血（iron deficiency anemia，IDA）遗传性球形红细胞增多症（hereditary spherocytosis，HS）特发性血小板减少性紫癜（idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura，ITP）又称自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜（immune thrombocytopenic purpura，ITP）弥散性血管内凝血（disseminated intravascular coagulation，DIC）中枢神经系统白血病（central nervous system leukemia，CNSL）睾丸白血病（testic leukemia，TL）造血干细胞移植（HSCT）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis，LCH）本症分为三型：勒-雪病（Letterer-Siwe disease，LS）、韩-薛-柯病（Hand-Schuller-Christian disease，HSC）和骨嗜酸细胞肉芽肿（eosinophilic granuloma of bone，EGB）全面性癫痫伴热性惊厥附加症（generalized epilepsies with febrile seizures plus，GEFS）热性惊厥（febrile seizure，FS）热性惊厥附加症（FS+）常染色体显性遗传热性惊厥附加症（ADFS+）吉兰-巴雷综合征（Guillain-BarréSyndrome，GBS）又称急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经根病急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病（AIDP）急性运动轴索性神经病（AMAN）急性运动感觉轴索性神经病（AMSAN）Miller-Fisher综合征（MFS）重症肌无力（myasthenia gravis，MG）Duchenne和Becker肌营养不良（Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy，DMD/BMD）生长激素缺乏症（growth hormone deficiency，GHD）尿崩症（diabetes insipidus，DI）中枢性性早熟(centralprecociouspuberty，CPP)先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（congenital adrenal hyperplasia，CAH）糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）胰岛素依赖性糖尿病（insulin dependent diabetes mellitus，IDDM）非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病（noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus，NIDDM)青年成熟期发病型糖尿病（maturity-onset diabetes of youth，MODY）。

儿科全英文名解(含中文注释)

儿科全英文名解（含中文注释）鸣谢两位美丽可爱的童鞋：黑天鹅和(ಡωಡ)第二章：生长发育1.Physiological loss of body weight（生理性体重下降）The body weight of the infant declines to the lowest point 5-6 days after delivery, resulting from the fluid loss after birth. The body weight of the infant can recover to the birth weight 7-10days later.2.Neonate(新生儿):From birth to 28 days after birth.3.Perinatal period（围产期）:From 28 gestational weeks to 7 days after birth. 第三章：儿童疾病诊治原则1.Hypotonic dehydration低渗性脱水Hypotonic dehydration is usually due to a combination of sodium and water loss and water retention（保留） to compensate for the volume depletion, witha sodium concentration less than 130mmol/L.2.Isotonic dehydration 等渗性脱水isotonic dehydration usually due to a combination of sodium and water loss with the normal proportion, the fluid lost is mainly composed of extra cellular fluid, with a sodium concentration between 130mmol/l and 150mmol/l.第四章：营养与营养障碍疾病1.Underweight体重低下Body weight be lower than normal mean weight -for-age minus（减去）two standard deviations （标准差），the same sex (moderate 中度:means -3sD to means -2SD,severe重度：body weight <-3SD ) this index indicated （指示）that the children has acute or chronic malnutrition （急慢性营养不良）2.Stunting（生长迟缓）Height be lower than abnormal mean height-for-age minus（减去）two standard deviations（标准差），the same sex (moderate: means -3sD to means-2SD,severe: height <-3SD) this index indicated (指示）that the children has chronic malnutrition (慢性营养不良)3.Colostrum(初乳)：Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mom which contain antibodies immunoglobulins (免疫球蛋白)which provide infants with immunity (passive immunity). There is no transfer of immunoglobulins across the placenta（胎盘）and neonatal（新生的）infants are not capable of producing their own antibodies. They must rely on their passive immunity for the first few weeks of life. This makes colostrum essential to the health of any cria. A cria who does not receive enough is hyperinflammation.4.Substitutional nursing (代授法)：When the breast milk is enough but the mother can’t food the baby in time , the baby can be feed with other nutrition like milk for some times.5.Malnutrition(营养不良)：It is a disease caused by lacking of energy and protein . It often happens to the baby within 3 years old with symptoms of weight-losing , fat-losing , edema and functional disorders. （功能障碍）6.Obesity(肥胖症)：Obesity is defined as on excessively （过度的）high amount of body fat or adipose（脂肪）tissue in relation to lean body mass（去脂体重）7.Harrison’s groove(郝氏沟)：The distal 末梢end of the ribs are weak and may be depressed 压低的by the intrathoracic 胸廓内的pressure developed during respiration with a resultant 结果的semicoronal impression being found at the costal 肋attachment of the diaphragm膈膜 , leading to the formation of Harrison’s groove.8.Rachitic rosary(佝偻病串珠)：a radiographic 射线appearance of the contraction 收缩 junctions of the middle ribs in rickets. 佝偻病 This appearance results from the presence of bulky庞大的 growth plates at the bone or cartilage junctions.9.Chvostek’s sign (Chvostek’s 征，佛氏征)： Chvostek’s sign is contraction of the muscles of the eye , mouth or nose , elicited引出 by tapping 轻敲along the course of the facial nerve. 面部神经的行径The examiner taps gently over the facial nerve in front of the ear. This is a sign of a latent tetany. 潜在的手足抽搐10.Trousseau sign (Trousseau 征，陶瑟征)：It is carpal 腕骨spasm 肌肉痉挛 after 5 minutes of inflation 膨胀of a pressure cuff 袖口between the patient’s systolic pressure 收缩压and diastolic pressure舒张压. This measure assesses 评定 nerve irritability 兴奋性and is more specific for tetany 手足抽搐of vitamin D deficlency. 缺乏第七章：新生儿与新生儿疾病1. （1）Low birth weight neonate (LBW) (低出生体重儿)：Neonate whose BW is less than 2500g.（2） Normal birth weight neonate (正常体重儿):Neonate whose BW isbetween 2500g and 4000g.（3）Macrosomia neonate(巨大儿): Neonate whose BW is over 4000g.2.（1）Early new born (早期新生儿): Newborn less than 1 week. （2）Late newborn (晚期新生儿): Newborn aging from 2 weeks to 4 weeks.3.（1）Postterm infanct （过期儿）Those born after 42 weeks of gestation,calculated.（计算）from mother's first day of last menstrual period（月经期）,regardless of weight at birth. （2）Term infant （足月婴儿）livebom infant delivered before 42 wk form the first day of the last menstrual period and after 37 wk form that day（3）Premature (preterm infant)（早产儿）Liveborn infanct delivered before 37 weeks from the last menstrual period.4.（1）Small for gestational age （小于胎龄儿）The new born with the birth weight lower than the 10% of the birth weight of the new borns with the same gestational age（孕龄）.（2）Large for age （大于胎龄儿）The new born with the birth weight higher than the 90% of the birth weight of the new borns with the same gestational age.（3）Appropriate for gestational age（适于胎龄儿）The newborn with the birth weight bctween the 1oth and the 90th percentile of the birth weight of the newborns with the same gestational（妊娠期） age5.HIE （新生儿缺血性脑病）Hypoxic-ischemic（血管病变） damage of the brain resulting form perinatal asphyxia （围产期窒息）, primary cause of permanent（永久性） damage to CNS(cerebral palsy, mental deficiency, death)6.physiological jaundice （生理性黄疸）（1）appear after 1st day（2）Level of Bili.<13-15mg/dl (term<13,preterm<15) and bill increase<5mg/dl/day（3）Unconjugated bili. Mainly（4）Disappear in 2 weeks (term)or in 3 -4weeks (preterm)（5）No other symptoms7.Pathological jaundice （病理性黄疸）（1）appear within 24hours after birth.（2）level of Bili >13-15mg/dl (term >13,pretem >15 )or Bili increase >5mg/dl/day（3）increased conjugated Bili >2mg/dl（4）last longer,>2weeks in term or < 4weeks in pretem（5）Bili increase pro gressively or jaundice reappear after disappearing just one of the above five can make the diagnosis of pathological jaundice. 8.Maconilum aspiration syndrome 胎粪吸入综合征The infanct presents the symptoms of airway obstruction（呼吸道梗阻）,lung inflammation and some general symptoms,resulting from the aspiration of the amniotic fluidstained by meconium（羊水粪染）,most frequently happen in term and post term（过期）infanct.9.Apnea（呼吸暂停）A cessation（中断）of spontaneous（自发的）respiration(>20sec) accompanied by hear rate e<100bpm and cyanosis resuiting form the immaturity of the breath centre of the premature(（早产儿）.10.High risk infant（高危儿）An infant who should be under close observation by experienced doctors and nurses because of his severe disease or his high probability of severe disease which is caused by the health problem of his mother, the obstetric （产科）factors or the infant’s own problem.11.Hyaline membrane disease（新生儿肺透明膜病）A disease resulting form the lack of pulmonary surfactant in infant stortly after delivery, with the Manifestation（显示表明） of progressing dyspnea（呼吸困难）and respiratory failure, most frequently happen in preterm（早产儿）infant.12.wasting（消瘦）body weight be lower than normal mean weight-for-height minus two standard deviations, the same sex(moderate:mean-3sd<bodyweight<mean-2SD,severe:boby weight<mean-3SD). This inder indicate that the child has acute malnutrition（营养不良）13.Neutral Thermal Environment(neutral temperature)（中性温度） The ambient（环境）temperature at which oxygen consumption（氧耗量）and energy expenditure of the infant are at a minimum to maintain vital activities. For term infant with coating it is 24 C14.Apgar assement:（Apgar评分）A simple clinical scoring system for assessing the asphyxial severity of the newborn babier. Including heart rate, respiration, reaction to stimulate, muscal tention and appearance, 0-2 point each, tjotally 10 point.第九章：免疫性疾病1.Project Immunity (计划免疫): According to characteristics特有的of children’s immunity and he conditions of communicable 有传染性的diseases , people had drawn up a kind of immunity programs , namely project immunity . People inoculate接种some organico-product in order to progress the level of immunity , control and eliminate消除the communicable diseases.2.Aschoff body(风湿小体)：It is a one of the tiny lumps in heart muscle that are typical of rheumatic 风湿heart disease and consist of swollen , collagen cells 胶原生成细胞and fibrils.纤维3.Digeorge syndrom（先天性胸腺发育不良）Digeorge syndrome is the classic example of T-cell deficiency （缺乏）that is the result of dysmorphogenesis（畸形发生）of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches（咽囊） . it is classically characterizd by abnormal facies, thymic hypopiasia（胸腺发育不全） ,hypocalcemia（低血钙症）, cardiac anomalies （异常）and palate.第十章：感染性疾病1.Primary pulmonary tuberculosis （原发性肺结核）The major type of pulmonary tuberculosis developed in children during initial infection.（初发感染） Two clinical types:primary complex （原发综合征）and hilar lymph node tuberculosis. （肺门淋巴结结核） Manifestation: （表现）irritative cough（刺激性咳嗽）,nonproductive cough（干咳）,wheezing and mild dyspnea.（喘息和轻微的呼吸困难）It's prognosis（预后） includes improve or dissolve（溶解；解散；消失） (completely resolution,induration,calcification完全溶解,硬化、钙化),local progress and exacerbation（进展和恶化）.2.Primary complex （原发综合征）A clinical type of primary pulmonary tuberculosis with the characters of initial focus,lymphadenitis. It's prognosis（预后）includes improve or dissolve (completely resolution,induration,calcification),local progress and exacerbation.3.Tuberculin test 结核菌素试验A test based on the delayed type hypersensitivity.（迟发的过敏反应） Intradermal （皮内的）1 injection of 0.1ml containing 5 tuberculin units of PPD and measure the induration 48-72 hours after administration. Positive result means previous infection with TB, previous vaccination （疫苗接种）with BCG or active tuberculosis. Negative result means not infected with TB or false-negative.4.Koplik spots 柯氏斑点A pathognomonic sign of measles（麻疹）. Tend to occur over the bucca（口腔的）mucosa opposite the lower molars 1-2 days before eruption（出疹）.Grayish（带灰的，灰色的）white dots(as smali as grains of sands) with slight reddish areola.（红色的乳晕） It will disappear after eruption. 5.Tuberculous infection(结核感染)：It is an infection of tubercle bacillus. In this condition , the patient’s test of tubercalin and the test of serum PPD-lgM or lgG autibody are positive. But the tubercle focus can not be found in patient’s body.第十一章：消化系统疾病1.Severe diarrhea （重症腹泻）Diarrhea（腹泻） not only with severe gastrointestinal symptoms（严重的胃肠道症状）but also with dehydration（脱水）,eletrolyte-acid-base imbalance and systemic toxic symptom,（系统毒性症状）most frequently caused by intra-intestinal infection （肠内感染）.2.Secretory diarrhea （分泌性腹泻渗出性腹泻）Caused by a secretagogue （促分泌素）such as E. coli.enterotoxin（大肠杆菌肠毒素）,activating（激活）intracellular Ca 2+ which stimulate （刺激）active Cl- secrection from the crypt(隐窝) cells and inhibit（抑制；禁止）the neutral coupled （中性点耦合）NaCl absorption. It tend to be watery and of large volume.3.Osmotic diarrhea渗透性腹泻Osmotic diarrhea is caused by the presence of nonabsorbed solute （不被吸收的电解质）in the GI tract（胃肠道）. the solute may be one that is normally not well absorbed or one that is not well absorbeb because of a disorder of the small bowel.（小肠） This form of diarrhea is usually of lesser volume than a secretory diarrhea（分泌性腹泻）， and stops with fasting.4.Endogenous infection(内源性感染)：when the patient eat too much or the components 成份of the food are not balanced , the process of the digestion will be slowed down. And the food which can not be fully digested will stay in the upper part of the small intestine. ] 小肠Then the PH of the intestinal carvity will decreased. It leads to a result that the bacteria from the lower part of the intestine will move up and multiply繁殖. The food then will be fennent 发酵and rot 腐烂by those bacteria.第十二章：呼吸系统疾病1.Severe pneumonia （重症肺炎）Pneumonia with not only severe respiratory symptoms,but also systemic toxic symptoms （全身中毒症状）and disturbance（紊乱）in other systems,such as brain edema,respiratory failure,heart failure,gastrointestinal bleeding and acidosis.（消化道出血和酸中毒）2.Bronchiolitis（毛细支气管炎）Infection of the bronchiole, mainly occurs in children less than 2 yeara old, especially infants 2-6 months old . it is mainly caused by RSV and happen in cold seasons, usually with no fever or only mild to moderate fever. Characterized by irritative（刺激性） dry cough, expiratory dyspnea（呼气性呼吸困难）, wheezing rale （哮鸣音）and emphysema（肺气肿） in X-ray.3.The Division of Respiratory tract(上下呼吸道分界)：The respiratory tract is divided into 2 parts , the upper respiratory and the lower respiratory , by the ring-fonned gristle.环状软骨4.Severs asthma(重症哮喘)：including acute serious asthma attack , lasting status of asthma and deterioration恶化 of intractable asthma. 难治性哮喘5.Persistant asthma(哮喘持续状态)：It is a condition of severe acute attack of asthma which can not be released by proper适当的 drug in 24 hours.6.Pharyngo-conjunctival fever(咽结合膜热)：It’s disease which is caused by virus and is on epidemie 流行in spring and summer , with the feature of fever , pharyngitis咽炎 and conjunctivitis结膜炎. High fever , pharyngodynia咽痛 , tingle 刺痛感in eyes and pharyngeal congestion咽充血. Conjunctivitis emerged 出现in one or two sides and lymph nodes of cervix颈部 and behind the car are common and sometimes accompanied by gastrointestinal 胃肠的symptoms. It’s process is one to two weeks.7.Herpangina(疱疹性咽峡炎)：It is caused by Coxackie 柯萨奇group A virus and often seen in summer and spring. It can spread in children collective organization 集体. It is characterized by fever , pharyngitis咽炎, tingling刺痛in eyes , pharyngeal congestion咽充血.，herpes 疱疹 with flush大量的 around about 2 to 4 mm , in diameter . 直径can be found on phuryngepalatal arch uvula悬雍垂 , soft palate软腭 , ulceration 溃疡formed after splitting裂开 , the course is about 1 weeks.第十三章：心血管系统1.Discrepant Cyanosis(差异性紫绀)：Discrepunt Cyanosis occurs in PDA ,动脉导管未闭，the blood moves from the aorta to the pulmonary artery. If this abnormality lasted so long that the pressure of pulmonary is higher than the aorta , there will lead to right-to-left shunts and appear cyanosis in the second half of the body.2.Eisenmenger syndrome艾森曼格综合症Those patients with left-to-right shunts(ASD.VSD.PDA)whose shunts have became partially or totally right-to-left as a result of the development of pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension第十四章：泌尿系统疾病1.Nephrotic syndrome （肾病综合征）The Nephrotic syndrome is defined by a consultation （会诊；讨论会）of clinical and laboratory findings that includes severe proteinia（严重蛋白尿）( >50mg/kg/24h ),hypoalbuminenia （低蛋白血症）(<30g/L,),hyperlipidemia（高脂血症）(cholesterol胆固醇 >5.72mmol/L),edema.第十五章：造血系统疾病1.Physiological anemia （生理性贫血）In infants 2-3 months after birth ,the RBC decrease to 3*10^12/L and the Hb decrease to 110g/L as a result of the decreased level of EPO,the increase of circulation volume and the physiological hemolysis.（生理性溶血）The process is self-limited. It usually has no clinical manifestations（临床表现） and will recover within 6 months.2.Physiological hemolysis （生理性溶血）Normal newborns have higher hemoglobin （血红蛋白）and hematocrit（血细胞比容）levels and a shortened survival of the fefel RBCs contributes to the development of physiologic anemia.（生理性贫血）3.Extramedullary hematopoiesis（骨髓外造血）When hematopoietic（造血，自我造血） demand increases after birth , especially in the infant period, the liver, spleen and lymph nodes come back to the status to produce blood cells, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenectasis appears, and there are immature erythrocytes（红细胞）and granulocytets in circulating blood.It is the specific phenomena only appearing in infant and toddler（学步的小孩，学步儿童）.it will recover to normal when infection and anemia are cured.4.Anemia(贫血)：The numbers of erythrocytes 红细胞or the concentration 浓度 of hemoglobin（Hb） per volume in the tipping circulation外周循环 is under normal. According to the data from WHO , the lower limit of hemoglobin in 6 months to 6-year old children is 110g/L. 6 to 14 years old is 120g/L , the hemoglobin increases 4 percent as altitude高度 raises every 1000 meters; lower than these numbers is called anemia.5.Iron Deficiency Anemia(缺铁性贫血)：A minocytic hypochromemia caused by inadequate iron supply for erythropoiesis.第十七章：内分泌疾病1.syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti diuretic hormone (抗利尿激素)SIADH （抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征）In bacterial meningitis (细菌性脑膜炎),when hypothalamus (下丘脑)or posterior pituitary gland (垂体后叶)is involved (影响）,ADH secretion(分泌）abnormal,resulting in hyponatremia（低钠血症）,hyposmolality（低渗透压）and aggravating brain edema（加重脑水肿）,conscious disturbance （意识障碍）and convulsion（惊厥.）2.Cortieoid sensitivity(激素敏感)referring to proteinuria 蛋白尿became negative , edema disappeared within 8 weeks after corticoid therapy.3.Partial corticoid sensitivity(激素部分敏感)：Edema disappeared within 8 weeks after corticoid therapy 肾上腺皮质激素but proteinuria is still”～”.4.Corticoid dependent(激素依赖)：Sensitive to corticoid relieved 解除rapidly after treatment but relapse复发 occurs when the dose 剂量reduced or stopped within 2 weeks , again relieved when resuming重新开始 full doses or restart treatment and this repeated 2 to 3 times.5.Corticoid resistant(激素耐药)：Referring to the protein the urine is still over “when” the treatment has been for full 8 weeks.6.Relapse (复发) and repetition (反复) ：proteinuria has been become negative and the hormone treatment has stopped for morethan 4 weeks , again the protein in the urine is over is called relapse; If the above symptoms during treatment is defined as repetition.7.Frequent relapse (频复发) and frequent repetition (频反复)：Refers to relapse or repetition occurs not less-than twice within 6 months.8.Tripod sign(十字架征)：Positive sign is when child sits up , he has to push the bed behind himself with whose hands to keep his position.简答打印店的儿科试卷后面，已经有详细而准确的全英文简答，且字迹相对也比较清楚，故此处不再整理。

儿科英文名解

儿科英文名解1．Classification of Neonate（新生儿分类）1)Full term infant（足月儿）:Neonate whose gestational age(GA) is between 37 weeks and42 weeks2)Preterm infant(早产儿):Neonate whose GA is less than 37 weeks3)Post-term infant（过期儿）:Neonate whose GA is more than 42 weeks4)Low birth weight neonate(LBW)（低出生体重儿）:Neonate whose BW is less than 2500g5)Very low birth weight neonate(VLBW)（极低出生体重儿）: Neonate whose BW is lessthan 1500g6)Normal birth weight neonate（正常体重儿）: Neonate whose BW is between 2500g and4000g7)Macrosomia neonate（巨大儿）: Neonate whose BW is over 4000g8)Small for gestational age(SGA)（小于胎龄儿）:Infants whose BW are under P10 of thesame GA infants’BW9)Appropriate gestational age(AGA)（适于体重儿）: Infants whose BW are ranging fromP10 to P90 of the same GA infants’BW10)Large gestational age(LGA)（大于胎龄儿）: Infants whose BW are above P90 of the sameGA infants’BW11)Early newbore（早期新生儿）:Neoborn less than 1 week12)Late newbore（晚期新生儿）:Neoborn aging from 2 weeks to 4 weeks2.Neutral temperature（中性温度）:An appropriate environmental temperaturewhich can keep a neoborn’s normal temperature and can keep the least oygen cousuming,the least metabolism rate ,the least energy evaporated, so is called neutral temperature .3. Apnea（呼吸暂停）: when asphyxia of fetal or neoborn occurs, the respirate inhabitated and reflexal heart rate decreased because of lack of oxygen ,so is called apnea.4. Physiological body weight decline（生理性体重下降）: Intatedeficiency, fatal stool paused and water losed after birth can make physical body weight decline (3%--9%), and it reaches its lowest point in3 or 4 day and returns to its birth weight in 7 to 10 days .5. Physiological anemia（生理性贫血）: When neonate of 2—3 months, RBC drops to 110g/L, neonate occurs mild anemia .It will take 3 months to recover .6. Physiological diarrhea（生理性腹泻）: Physiological diarrhea usuallyoccurs in infants little than 6 months .They appear puffy and often have eczema .Soon after delivery , they may have diarrhea, whose times are increasing .However, there is no other symptoms and the infants have good appetites. Physical diarrhea does not affect the growth. Recent researches found that the diarrhea is a particular type of intolerance of lactose. The stool may recover normality after appending the complements.7. Project Immunity（计划免疫）: According to characteristics of children’simmunity and the conditions of communicable diseases ,people had drawn up a kind of immunity programs, namely project immunity. People inoculate some organico-product in order to progress the level of immunity , control and eliminate the communicable diseases.8.Serious Pneumonia（重症肺炎）:Serious Pneumonia is a kind of pneumonia.Respiratory system together with other systems are invaded,meanwhile,the general toxic symptom is also apparent.9.The Division of Respiratory tract（上下呼吸道分界）: Therespiratory tract is divided into 2 parts,the upper respiratory and the lower respiratory, by the ring-formed gristle.10.Discrepant Cyanosis（差异性紫绀）: Discrepant Cyanosis occurs in PDA.Because of PDA, the blood moves from the aorta to the pulmonary artery. If this abnormality lasted so long that the pressure of pulmonary is higher than the aorta, there will lead to right-to-left shunts and appear cyanosis in the second half of the body.11.Colostrum（初乳）: Colostrum is the first milk produced by the dam which containsantibodies (immunoglobulins) which provide crias with immunity (passive immunity). There is no transfer of immunoglobulins across the placenta and neonatal crias are not capable of producing their own antibodies. They must rely on their passive immunity for the first few weeks of life. This makes colostrum essential to the health of any cria. A cria who does not receive enough.12. Eisenmenger syndrome（Eisenmenger 综合征）: Eisenmengersyndrome occurs in patients with large congenital cardiac or surgically created extracardiac left-to-right shunts. These shunts initially cause increased pulmonary blood flow. Subsequently, usually before puberty, pulmonary vascular disease causes pulmonary hypertension, ultimately resulting in reversed or bidirectional shunt flow with variable degrees of cyanosis.13.Additional nursing（补授法）: When the breast milk is not enough, the babywithin 6 months can be feed partly with breast milk and partly with other nutritions each time.14.Substitutional nursing（代授法）: When the breast milk is enough but themother can’t feed the baby in time, the baby can be feed with other nutritions like milk for some times.15.Malnutrition（营养不良）: It is a disease caused by lacking of energy andprotein. It often happens to the baby within 3 years old with symptoms of weight-losing, fat-losing, edema and functional disorders.16. Obesity（肥胖症）: Obesity is defined as an excessively high amount of body fator adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass.17. Koplik spots（麻疹黏膜斑）: ulcerations on buccal mucosa around Stensenduct; spotty enanthema in oral cavity, may precede rash18. Harrison's groove（郝氏沟）: The distal end of the ribs are weak and may bedepressed by the negativeintrathoracic pressure developed during respiration with a resultant semicoronal impression being found at the costal attachment of the diaphragm, leading to the formation of Harrison's groove.19. Rachitic rosary（佝偻病串珠）: a radiographic appearance of thecostochondral junctions of the middle ribs in rickets. This appearance results from the presence of bulky growth plates at the bone or cartilage junctions.20. Chvostek's sign（Chvostek's 征）: Chvostek's sign is contraction of themuscles of the eye, mouth or nose, elicited by tapping along the course of the facial nerve. The examiner taps gently over the facial nerve in front of the ear. This is a sign of a latent tetany.21. Trousseau sign（Trousseau 征）: It is carpal spasm after 5 minutes ofinflation of a pressure cuff between the patient’s systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.This measure assesses nerve irritability and is more specific for tetany of vitamin D deficiency.22.Severe asthma（重症哮喘）including acute serious asthma attack , lastingstatus of asthma and deterioration of intractable asthma.23. Persistant asthma（哮喘持续状态）: It is a condition of severe acuteattack of asthma which can not be released by proper drug in 24 hours.24. Tuberculous infection（结核感染）: It is an infection of tubercle bacillus.In this condition, the patient’s test of tuberculin and the test of serum PPD-IgM or IgG antibody are positive. But the tubercle focus can not be found in patient’s body.25. Endogenous infection（内源性感染）: When the patient eat too much orthe components of the food are not balanced ,the process of the digestion will be slowed down. And the food which can not be fully digested will stay in the upper part of the small intestine. Then the PH of the intestinal carvity will decreased. It leads to a result that the bacteria from the lower part of the intestine will move up and multip;y . The food then will be ferment and rot by those bacteria.26 Aschoff body（风湿小体）:It is aone of the tiny lumps in heart muscle that aretypical of rheumatic heart disease and consist of swollen collagen ,cells and fibrils.27 Primary complex:（原发综合征）It is a combination of primary focus ofinfection in the lung parenchyma and caseous involvement of the regional lymph nodes ,usually hilar nodes.28 Corticoid sensitivity（激素敏感）referring to proteinuria became negative ,edema disappeared within 8 weeks after corticoid therapy.,29 Partial corticoid sensitivity（激素部分敏感）: Edema disappeared within 8 weeks after corticoid therapy but proteinuria is still + ～ ++.30 Corticoid dependent（激素依赖） : Sensitive to corticoidrelieved rapidly after treatment but relapse occurs when the dose reduced or stopped within 2 weeks ,again relieved when resuming full doses or restart treatment and this repeated 2 to 3 times.31 Corticoid resistant（激素耐药） : Referring to the protein in the urine is still over ++ when the treatment has been for full 8 weeks.32 Relapse（复发） and repetition（反复） : Proteinuria hasbeen become negative and the hormone treatment has stopped for morethan 4 weeds ,again the protein in the urine is over ++ is called relapse ;If the above symptoms during treatment is defined as repetition.Frequent relapse（频复发） and frequent repetition （频反复） : Refers to relapse or repetition occurs not less than twice within 6 months.33 Extra-medulla hemopoiesis（髓外造血） :In order to adaptto the anemia caused by infection or hemolysis and so on. After birth especially at infant stage , the live is enlarged for regaining the hemopoietic state. In fetal state this may accompanied by splenolymphomegaly ,nucleated red cells and premature neutrophils can be found in peripheral blood . This specific reaction of infant’s hemopoietic organs is called extra-medullar hemopoiesis.34.Physiological hemolysis（生理性溶血）: Fetal is in theenvironment of low PO2, so the quantity of RBC is large. After birth, PO2 rises. The quantity of RBC is relatively surplus, so many of them are vulnerable to be destroyed. The life of neonatal RBC is short, too.35 Anemia（贫血） : The numbers of erythrocytes or the concentration ofhemoglobin per volume in the tipping circulation is under normal. According to the data from WHO, the lower limit of hemoglobin in 6 months to 6-year old children is 110g/L.6 to 14 years old is 120g/L,the hemoglobin increases 4 percent as altitude raises every 1000 meters; lower than these numbers is called anemia .36 Tripod sign（十字架征） : Positive sign is when child sits up ,hehas to push the bed behind himself with whose hands to keep his position.37.Physiological jaundice（生理性黄疸）: Because of the featureof neonatal bilirubin metabolism ,approximately 50%-60% mature baby and more than 80% premature baby will emerge jaundice within 2 or 3 days after birth and reach the peak at the fourth or the fifty day . If the body is in good heath, jaundice will vanish within 2 weeks in mature baby and prolong to 3 or 4 weeks in premature baby.38.Pathological jaundice（病理性黄疸）:1) The jaundice emerges during the 1st 24hours on the new born.2) The bilirubin in the serum is higher than from 205.2 to 256.5 umol/L or raise 85 umol/L per day.3) The jaundice of term delivery lasts more than 2 weeks. The jaundice of premature lasts more than 4 weeks.4) The jaundice relapses.5) The conjunctive bilirubin is more than 24 umol/L.39.Pharyngo-conjunctival fever（咽结合膜热）: It’s adisease which is caused by virus and is on epidemic in spring and summer, with the feature of fever, pharyngitis and conjunctivitis. High fever, pharynache, tingle in eyes and pharyngeal congestion. Conjunctivitis emerged in one or two sides and lymph nodes of cervix and behind the ear are common and sometimes accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms . Its process is one to two weeks .40 Herpangina（疱疹性咽峡炎）: It is caused by Coxackie group Avirus and often seen in summer and spring. It can spread in children collective organization. It is characterized by fever, pharyngitis, tingling in eyes, pharyngeal congestion ,herpes with flush around about 2 to 4 mm in diameter can be found on pharyngepalatal arch uvula , soft palate ,ulceration formed after splitting ,the course is about 1 weeks .。

儿科诊断英文缩写

维生素A缺乏病（vitamin A ddficiency disorder）营养性维生素D缺乏佝偻病（rickets of vitamin D deficiency）骨质软化症（Osteomalacia）蛋白质-能量营养不良（proteln-energy malnutrition，PEM）小儿单纯性肥胖（obesity）肥胖-换氧不良综合征（Pickwickian syndrome）肥胖生殖无能症（Fröhlich syndrome）肠病性肢端皮炎（acrodermatitis enteropathica）是一种常染色体隐性遗传病，因小肠缺乏吸收锌的载体，故可表现为严重缺锌。

碘缺乏病（Iodine Deficiency Disorders, IDD）痤疮（acne）支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonarydysplasia, BPD），即慢性肺疾病（chronic lung disease，CLD）持续胎儿循环（persistent fetalcirculation，PFC），即新生儿持续肺动脉高压（persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn，PPHN）早产儿视网膜病（retinopathy of prematurity，ROP）宫内生长迟缓（intrauterine growth restriction/retardation, IUGR）新生儿窒息（asphyxia of newborn）原发性呼吸暂停（primary apnea）继发性呼吸暂停（secondary apnea）新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，HIE）新生儿颅内出血（intracranial haemorrhage of the newborn）脑室周围-脑室内出血（periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage，PVH-IVH）原发性蛛网膜下腔出血（primary subarachoid haemorrhage，SAH）脑实质出血（intraparenchymal haemorrhage，IPH）硬膜下出血（subdural hemorrhage，SDH）小脑出血（eerebellar hemorrhage，CH）胎粪吸入综合征（meconium aspiration syndrome，MAS）新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（respiratory distress syndrome，RDS）又称肺透明膜病（hyaline membrane disease，HMD）糖尿病母亲所娩的婴儿（infant of diabetic mother，IDM）湿肺（wet lung）亦称新生儿暂时性呼吸增快（transient tachypnea of newborn，TTN）B组链球菌肺炎（group B streptococcal pneumonia）膈疝（diaphragrnatic hernia）新生儿黄疸（neonatal jaundice）新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of newborn, HDN）新生儿败血症（neonatal septicemia）感染性肺炎（infectious pneumonia）新生儿破伤风（neonatal tetanus）巨细胞病毒感染（cytomegalovirus infection）先天性梅毒（congenital syphilis）新生儿寒冷损伤综合征（neonatal cold injury syndrome）又称新生儿硬肿症（sclerema neonatorum）新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis，NEC）新生儿出血症（hemorrhagic disease of the newborn，HDN）新生儿低血糖（neonatal hypoglycemia）新生儿高血糖（neonatal hyperglycemia）新生儿低钙血症（neonatalhypocalcemia）脐疝（umbilical hernia）脐肉芽肿（umbilical granuloma）新生儿产伤（birth injury）染色体畸变综合征（chromosomal aberration syndrome）21-三体综合征又称Down’s综合征，以前也称先天愚型先天性卵巢发育不全综合征为Turner综合征先天性睾丸发育不全综合征又称Klinefelter综合征（Klinefelter syndrome）苯丙酮尿症（phenylketonuria, PKU）肝豆状核变性（hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD）又称Wilson病糖原累积病（glycogen storage disease, GSD）黏多糖病（mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS）免疫缺陷病（immunodeficiency，ID）原发性免疫缺陷病（primary immunodeficiency，PID）继发性免疫缺陷病（secondary immunodeficiency, SID）联合免疫缺陷病（combined immunodeficiency，CID）严重联合免疫缺陷病（severe combined immunodeficiency，SCID）X连锁无丙种球蛋白血症（X-Linked agammaglobulinaemia，XLA）常见变异型免疫缺陷病（commonvariable immunodeficiency，CVID）湿疹血小板减少伴免疫缺陷（Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome，WAS）共济失调毛细血管扩张综合征（ataxia-telangiectasia，AT）胸腺发育不全（DiGeorge anormaly，DA）白细胞黏附分子缺陷（1eukocyte adhesion defects，LAD）慢性肉芽肿病（chronic granulomatous，CGD）风湿热（rheumatic fever）幼年特发性关节炎（juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA）幼年类风湿性关节炎（juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, JRA）幼年慢性关节炎（juvenile chronic arthritis, JCA）幼年型关节炎（juvenile arthritis, JA）银屑病性关节炎（JpsA）幼年强直性脊柱炎（JAS）过敏性紫癜（anaphylactoid purpura）又称亨-舒综合征（henoch-schonlein syndrome，henoch -schonlein purpura, HSP）川崎病（Kawasaki disease，KD）麻疹（measles）亚急性硬化性全脑炎（subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE）脊髓灰质炎（poliomyelitis）又称小儿麻痹症急性感染性多发性神经根神经炎（Guillain-Barre综合征）水痘（chichenpox, varicella）水痘-带状疱疹病毒（varicella-zoster virus, VZV）传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis, IM)全身炎症反应综合征（systemic inflammatory response syndrome, SIRS）代偿性抗炎反应综合征(Compensated anti-inflammatory response syndrome，CARS)胃食管反流病（GERD）赫什朋病（Hirschsprung disease，HD）进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积症（PFIC）急性上呼吸道感染（acute upper respiratory infection，AURI）咳嗽变异型哮喘（CVA）社区获得性肺炎（community acquired pneumonia，CAP）院内获得性肺炎（hospital acquired pneumonia，HAP）抗利尿激素异常分泌综合征（syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretichormone，SIADH）革兰阴性杆菌肺炎（Gram-negative bacillary pneumonia，GNBP）先天性心脏病（congenital heart disease，CHD，先心病）肺动脉瓣狭窄（pulmonary stenosis，PS）法洛四联症（tetralogy of Fallot，TOF）是婴儿期后最常见的青紫型先天性心脏病完全性大动脉转位（complete transposition of the great arteries，c-TGA）是新生儿期最常见的发绀型先天性心脏病急性肾小球肾炎（acute glomerulonephritis，AGN）急进性肾小球肾炎（rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis，RPGN）肾病综合征（nephrotic syndrome，NS）原发性肾病综合征（primary nephritic syndrome，PNS）乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎（hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis，HBV-GN）泌尿道感染（urinary tract infection，UTI）反流性肾病（reflux nephropathy，RN）肾小管酸中毒（renal tubular acidosis，RTA）远端肾小管酸中毒（distal renal tubular acidosis，dRTA）近端肾小管酸中毒（proximal renal tubular acidosis，pRTA）溶血尿毒综合征（hemolytic uremic syndrome，HUS）血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（thromboic thrombocytopenic purpura，TTP）阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿（paroximal nocturnal hemoglobinuria，PNH）急性肾衰竭（acute renal failure，ARF）急性肾小管坏死（acute tubular necrosis，ATN）缺铁性贫血（iron deficiency anemia，IDA）遗传性球形红细胞增多症（hereditary spherocytosis，HS）特发性血小板减少性紫癜（idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura，ITP）又称自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜（immune thrombocytopenic purpura，ITP）弥散性血管内凝血（disseminated intravascular coagulation，DIC）中枢神经系统白血病（central nervous system leukemia，CNSL）睾丸白血病（testic leukemia，TL）造血干细胞移植（HSCT）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis，LCH）本症分为三型：勒-雪病（Letterer-Siwe disease，LS）、韩-薛-柯病（Hand-Schuller-Christian disease，HSC）和骨嗜酸细胞肉芽肿（eosinophilic granuloma of bone，EGB）全面性癫痫伴热性惊厥附加症（generalized epilepsies with febrile seizures plus，GEFS）热性惊厥（febrile seizure，FS）热性惊厥附加症（FS+）常染色体显性遗传热性惊厥附加症（ADFS+）吉兰-巴雷综合征（Guillain-BarréSyndrome，GBS）又称急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经根病急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病（AIDP）急性运动轴索性神经病（AMAN）急性运动感觉轴索性神经病（AMSAN）Miller-Fisher综合征（MFS）重症肌无力（myasthenia gravis，MG）Duchenne和Becker肌营养不良（Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy，DMD/BMD）生长激素缺乏症（growth hormone deficiency，GHD）尿崩症（diabetes insipidus，DI）中枢性性早熟(centralprecociouspuberty，CPP)先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（congenital adrenal hyperplasia，CAH）糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）胰岛素依赖性糖尿病（insulin dependent diabetes mellitus，IDDM）非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病（noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus，NIDDM)青年成熟期发病型糖尿病（maturity-onset diabetes of youth，MODY）。

小儿科常用英语单词

小儿科常用英语单词小儿科，是指医院中治疗儿童各种疾病的一个科室，也可以细分为各个二级科室，如小儿呼吸科、小儿感染科、小儿口腔科等。

下面是我整理的小儿科常用英语单词，仅供参照。

Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma 支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇2小儿科相关英语单词Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐3精神科常用英语单词Mental retardation 智能不够autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimers dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾 substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感。

儿科学英语词汇

The newborn infant and diseases of the newborn infant 新生儿和新生儿疾病Fullterm normal infant 足月正常新生儿Pre-term infant 早产儿Premature infant 未成熟儿Small for gestational age infant 小于胎龄儿，小样儿Lowbirth weight infant 低出生体重儿Large for gestational age infant 大于胎龄儿，巨大儿Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征Hyaline membrane disease 新生儿肺透明膜病~Pneumonia of the newborn 新生儿肺炎Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病Aspiration pneumonia of newborn 新生儿吸入性肺炎Congenital malformations of the alimentary tract 先天性消化道畸形Meconium peritonitis 胎粪性腹膜炎Scleredema neonatorum 新生儿硬肿症Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn 新生儿出血症Intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血Neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸Breast milk jaundice 母乳性黄疸*Hemolytic disease of the newborn 新生儿溶血症Neonatal hepatitis 新生儿肝炎Congenital atresia of the bile duct 先天性胆道闭锁Kernicterus of the newborn 新生儿核黄疸Physiological jaundice of the newborn 新生儿生理性黄疸Sepsis of the newborn (neonatal septicemia) 新生儿败血症Omphalitis of the newborn 新生儿脐炎Neonatal pyogenic meningitis 新生儿化脓性脑膜炎Convulsion of the newborn 新生儿惊厥Tetanus neonatorum(neonatal tetanus) 新生儿破伤风-Hypoglycemia of the newborn 新生儿低血糖症Neonatal dehydration fever 新生儿脱水热Nutritional disorders(diseases of nutritional deficiency) 营养缺乏性疾病Vitamin D deficiency 维生素D缺乏症Rickets of vitamin D deficiency 维生素D缺乏性佝偻病Hypophosphatemic vitamine D resistant rickets 低血磷抗D性佝偻病Infantile tetany 婴儿手足搐搦症Tetany of vitamin D deficiency 维生素D缺乏性手足搐搦症Vitamin D intoxication 维生素D中毒症Vitamin A deficiency 维生素A缺乏症,Vitamin B1 deficiency(Beriberi) 维生素B1缺乏症(脚气病) Vitamin C deficiency(Scurvy) 维生素C缺乏症(坏血症)Zine deficiency 锌缺乏症Protein-energy malnutrition 蛋白质-能量营养不良Malnutritional edema 营养不良性浮肿Simple obesity 单纯性肥胖Diseases of the digestive system 消化系统疾病Catarrhal stomatitis 单纯性口炎Ulcerative stomatitis 溃疡性口炎Herpetic stomatitis 疱疹性口炎。

kawasaki disease2013

未经治疗的病例，发热一般持续1-2周，
有时可长达3-4周。持续的发热，往往提示有可能发生冠状动脉病变。
The
duration of fever without atment is generally 1-2 wk, but it may persist for 3-4 wk. Prolonged fever is prognostic for the development of coronary artery disease.
第Ⅲ期
28～31天，炎症逐渐消退，血栓（thrombosis）及肉芽（granulation）形成，纤维组织增生（fibroplasia），内膜（endomembrane）明显增厚，导致冠状动脉部分或完全阻塞（blockage）；
第Ⅳ期
长达数年，病变逐渐愈合，心肌瘢痕（myocardial scar）形成，阻塞可能再通（recanalization）。
which main pathological change is the middle
and small arteritis in human body.
对儿童最严重的损害是冠状动脉受
损导致的冠状动脉扩张和冠状动脉瘤。
The
most severe damage to the children is the dilatation of the coronary artery and the coronary aneurysms), which is caused by injury of the coronary artery.
CCRS编码对炎症趋化因子CCL.3， CCL3L1有高亲和力的受体。
Genetic

中英文--西医儿科术语英文翻译

西医儿科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医儿科术语英文翻译：1. 儿科：Pediatrics2. 儿童生长发育：Child Growth and Development3. 新生儿：Neonate4. 婴儿：Infant5. 学龄前儿童：Preschool Child6. 学龄儿童：School-aged Child7. 青春期：Adolescence8. 儿童营养：Child Nutrition9. 母乳喂养：Breastfeeding10. 配方奶喂养：Formula Feeding11. 断奶：Weaning12. 幼儿急疹：玫瑰疹：Rubella13. 水痘：Varicella14. 手足口病：Hand-foot-mouth Disease (HFMD)15. 流行性感冒：Influenza16. 中耳炎：Otitis Media17. 急性上呼吸道感染：Acute Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)18. 支气管肺炎：Bronchopneumonia19. 支原体肺炎：Mycoplasma Pneumonia20. 百日咳：Pertussis21. 儿童哮喘：Asthma in Children22. 过敏性鼻炎：Allergic Rhinitis23. 肠道寄生虫病：Intestinal Parasitic Diseases24. 微量元素缺乏症：Trace Element Deficiency25. 维生素缺乏症：Vitamin Deficiency26. 新生儿黄疸：Neonatal Jaundice27. 新生儿窒息：Neonatal Asphyxia28. 新生儿败血症：Neonatal Sepsis29. 肠套叠：Intussusception30. 小儿肺炎：Pneumonia in Children31. 小儿腹泻病：Diarrhea in Children32. 小儿营养不良：Malnutrition in Children33. 小儿肥胖症：Childhood Obesity34. 小儿糖尿病：Diabetes Mellitus in Children35. 小儿先天性心脏病：Congenital Heart Disease in Children36. 风湿热：Rheumatic Fever37. 川崎病：Kawasaki Disease38. 幼年特发性关节炎：Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)39. 儿科重症监护病房（PICU）：Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU)40. 新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）：Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)41. 儿童生长发育评估：Child Growth Assessment42. 儿童免疫接种计划：Child Immunization Schedule43. 儿童心理咨询与治疗：Child Psychological Counseling and Therapy44. 儿童康复治疗：Child Rehabilitation Therapies45. 儿童行为问题咨询与治疗：Child Behavioral Issues Counseling and Therapy46. 儿童疫苗接种咨询与指导：Child Vaccination Counseling and Guidance47. 新生儿筛查项目：Neonatal Screening Programs48. 小儿危重症管理技术：Critical Care Management in Children49. 儿科药理学和药物治疗学：Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics50. 小儿外科手术技术：Pediatric Surgical Techniques。

儿科专业英语

A adolescence 青春期anaphylactoid shock 过敏性休克aneuploidy 非整倍体性anterior fontanel 前囟aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣关闭不全aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血asphyxia 窒息atelectasis 肺不张atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损atrium 心房autosomal dominant inheritance 常染色体显性遗传autosomal recessive inheritance 常染色体阴性遗传azotemia 氮质血症BBantis syndrome 班替氏综合征beading of ribs 肋骨串珠benign recurrent hematuria 良性反复血尿bilirubin encephalopathy 胆红素脑病birth date 出生日期birth injury 产伤bladder tuberculosis 膀胱结核body build 体格body conformation 体态body length 身高body weight 体重bone age 骨龄bone marrow aspiration 骨髓穿刺bone tuberculosis 骨结核bow-leg, genu varum 弓型腿，膝内翻brain abscess 脑脓肿breast milk jaundice 母乳性黄疸bronchial pneumonia 支气管肺炎bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症Ccalciferol 化醇caput quadrates 方颅carbon dioxide retention 二氧化碳储留cardiac arrest 心脏停搏cardiac arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac failure 心力衰竭cardiogenic shock 心源性休克caseous pneumonia 干酪性肺结核cd(clusters of differentiation) 分化抗原决定族cerebral edema 脑水肿cerebral hernia 脑疝cerebral spinal fluid 脑脊液chest circumference 胸围chronic renal failure 慢性肾功能衰竭chylous urine 乳糜尿congenital biliary atresia 先天性胆道闭锁congenital heart disease 先天性心脏病congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭Cooleys anemia(thalassemia) 库利氏贫血cranial suture 颅骨缝craniotabes, craniomalacia 颅骨软化cyanosis 青紫cyanosis 紫绀cystitis 膀胱炎cytogenetics 细胞遗传学cytogenetics 细胞遗传学Ddeciduous teeth 乳牙dehydration therapy 脱水疗法development 发育developmental quotient 发育指数direct coombs, test 直接抗人球蛋白实验distention 膨隆dieresis 多尿dyspnea 呼吸困难EEisenmengers syndrome 森曼氏格综合征encephalitis 脑炎endocarditis 心内膜炎enterohepatic circulation bilirubin 肠肝循环erythema induratum 硬红斑erythroleukemia 红白血病event free survival(efs) 无病生存率exchange transfusion 换血疗法FFanconis anemia 范可尼贫血febrile convulsions 高热惊厥fetal hydrops 胎儿水肿focal glomerulonephritis 局灶性肾炎fontanel 囟门free erythrocyte protoporphyrin 红细胞游离Ggalactosemia 半乳糖血症genotype 基因型glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency 酶缺乏glycogen storage disease 糖原累积征HHarrisons groove 郝氏沟hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis 血行播散性肺结核hemolytic anemia 溶血性贫血hemolytic disease of the newborn 新生儿溶血症hepato-glycogenosis 肝糖元累积症hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆状核变性hereditary spherocytosis 遗传性球型红细胞增多症hilum tuberculosis 肺门结核hydrocephalus 脑积水hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症hypoxia 缺氧Iidiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood 儿童特发性肾病综合征indirect bilirubin 间接胆红素infantile period 婴儿期infantile tetany 婴儿手足畜溺症inherited metabolic disorders 遗传代谢病intelligence quotient 智力商interstitial pneumonia /7int[5stiF([)l nju:5m[uni[/ 间质性肺炎intracranial hemorrhage 颅内出血iron deficiency anemia / 缺铁型贫血ischemia 缺血Kkaryotype 核型kernicterus 核黄疸kyphosis 脊柱后凸Lleukemia 白血病lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎lordosis 脊柱前凸lumber puncture 腰穿lymphoblastic 淋巴细胞lymphoma 淋巴病MMCH 红细胞平均血红蛋白量MCHC 红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度MCV 红细胞平均容积meconium aspiration 胎粪吸入megaloblastic anemia 巨幼细胞性贫血meningococcemia 脑膜炎球菌菌血症meningo-encephalitis 脑膜脑炎mesenteric tuberculosis 肠系膜结核metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒miliary tuberculosis 粟粒性肺结核minimal residual disease 微小残留病mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄monocytic leukemia 单核细胞白血病moro-reflex 拥抱反射morphology 形态学mycoplasmal pneumonia 支原体肺炎myelocytic 细胞myocardiopathy 心肌病Nnasal flaring 鼻翼扇动neonatal convulsions 新生儿惊厥neonatal hepatitis 新生儿肝炎neonatal period / 新生儿期neonatal septicemia 新生儿败血症nephrotic syndrome 肾病综合征nutritional anemia 营养性贫血Ppancytopenia 全血细胞减少papulonecrotic tubercalid 丘疹坏死结核疹paralysis 瘫痪paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria 阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿paroxysmal tachycardia 阵发性心动过速patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭pathologic jaundice 病理性黄疸pericarditis 心包炎perinatal period 围产期permanent teeth 恒牙pernicious anemia 恶性贫血persistent fetal circulation 持续性胎儿循环phenotype 表型phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis 疱疹性角膜结膜炎pneumonia of the newborn 新生儿肺炎Rrespiratory distress 呼吸窘迫respiratory failure 呼吸衰竭Ttachypnea 呼吸急促term infant 足月儿tuberculosis in children 小儿结核病Xx-linked inheritance 性连锁遗传。

儿科案例课件---川崎病.ppt

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该假说最新研究提出：
川崎病免疫系统异常活化导致的血管炎性损伤，须经下述两个步骤：
微生物毒素类超抗原引起循环中TCR2Vβ制性的T细胞多克隆
激活
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由超抗原活化的T 细胞循
环池中的自身反应性T 细胞表达
针对靶器官(血管组织) 的归巢受体。
这些表达归巢受体的自身反应性T
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治疗
• 阿斯匹林
抗炎、抗凝
发热 30-50mg/kg/d 热退 3-5mg/kg/d
（血沉、血小板恢复）
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治疗
阿司匹林(ASA) :具有抗炎、抗血小板作用,为治疗本病的首选药物。日本学者推荐中等剂量:
即口服剂量为30～50 mg/ (kg·d) 热退后10～30 mg/ (kg·d) 一般持续用药达3 个月。
无水肿及分泌物 1-2周消退，自限性
2血 27
5.口腔黏膜病变
发病后24-48小时出现持续9-12天与眼充血时间相近草莓舌口唇黏膜及皮肤交界处皲裂
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川崎病
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结合膜炎
草莓舌
肢端硬性肿胀
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二维超声心动图是诊断和随访CAA的主要工具，对近段冠状动脉的CAA而言其敏感性达100％，特异性93～97％。Arjuman 等观察3～16岁小儿，2DE所见左右冠状动脉直径从2mm缓慢增长到5mm，略大于冠状动脉造影所见。国内研究认为，各年龄组小儿冠状动脉直径主动脉内径的0.3倍可认为有冠状动脉扩大。

儿科常见疾病中英文对照(最简化)

儿科常见疾病中英文对照早产儿(未成熟儿) Preterm infant; Premature infant足月儿Term infant过期产儿(过熟儿) Post-term infant (Postmature infant) 小于胎龄儿Small for gestational age infant足月小样儿Small for date infant超低出生体重儿extremely birth weight，ELBW极低出生体重儿very low birth weight infant;VLBWI 低出生体重儿low birth weight infant巨大儿Macrosomia新生儿窒息Neonatal asphyxia缺氧缺血性脑病hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy新生儿颅内出血intracranial hemorrhage of newborn羊水及胎粪吸入综合征aspiration of amniotic fluid and meconium syndrome新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, NRDS新生儿黄疸neonatal jaundice新生儿高胆红素血症Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia；hyperbilirubinemia of newborn新生儿生理性黄疸Neonatal physiologic jaundice新生儿溶血病hemolytic disease of the newborn 新生儿出血症hemorrhagic disease of newborn新生儿肺出血Neonatal pneumorrhagia新生儿感染Neonatal infection新生儿败血症Neonatal septicemia新生儿感染性肺炎Neonatal infectious pneumonia脐炎Omphalitis巨细胞病毒感染cytomegalovirus infection新生儿呕吐Vomiting in newborn鹅口疮Thrush新生儿硬肿症scleredema neonatorum新生儿水肿edema neonatorum新生儿低钙血症neonatal hypocalcemia;NHC新生儿低血糖症neonatal hypoglycemia脐疝exumbilication;UH;umbilical hernia 新生儿红斑erythema neonatorum婴幼儿营养不良infantile malnutrition蛋白质－能量营养不良protein-energy malnutrition, EPM 维生素D缺乏性佝偻病rickets of vitamin D-deficiency维生素D缺乏性手足搐搦症tetany of vitamin D-deficiency支气管哮喘bronchial asthma 急性荨麻疹acute urticaria丘疹样荨麻疹papular urticaria药疹drug rash;风湿热RF;;rheumatic fever幼年型类风湿病Juvenile rheumatoid disease,JRD;Still disease系统性红斑狼疮SLE;systemic lupus erythematosus 过敏性紫癜Henoch-Schonlein syndrome; AP;anaphylactic purpura; allergicpurpura,皮肤粘膜淋巴结综合征Kawasaki's disease; muco-cutaneouslymphnode syndrome; MLNS麻疹Measles风疹Rubella; German measles幼儿急疹exanthem subitum; roseolainfantilis; roseola infantum单纯疱疹herpes simplex水痘chicken pox;chickenpox;varicella流行性感冒epidemic influenza;流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps病毒性脑炎VE;viral encephalitis病毒性脑膜脑炎viral meningocephalitis流行性乙型脑炎epidemic type B encephalitis;病毒性肝炎VH;viral hepatitis;virus hepatitis急性感染性多发性神经根炎acute infectious polyradiculoneuritis 传染性单核细胞增多症infectious monocytosis,infectiousmononucleosis急性传染性淋巴细胞增多症acute infectious lymphocytosis;AIL 细菌性痢疾bacillary dysentery伤寒typhoid; typhoid fever副伤寒paratyphoid; paratyphoid fever破伤风tetanus百日咳pertussis; whooping cough;WC化脓性脑膜炎purulent meningitis;suppurative meningitis流行性脑脊髓膜炎epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis 猩红热scarlet fever;SF败血症septicemia; septicoemia; sepsis脓毒败血症septicopyaemia; septicopyemia原发性肺结核primary pulmonary tuberculosis原发综合征primary complex支气管淋巴结结核tuberculosis of bronchial lymphnodes结核性胸膜炎tuberculous pleurisy亚急性血行播散型肺结核subacute hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis结核性脑膜炎TBM;TM;tubercular meningitis;tuberculous meningitis蛔虫病ascariasis蛲虫病enterobiasis;oxyuria; pinworm;钩虫病ancylostomiasis; hookworm diseas 疟疾malaria; Cameroon fever;急性鼻窦炎acute sinusitis急性上呼吸道感染acute upper respiratory infections 疱疹性咽峡炎Herpangina；HA; herpetic angina 咽结膜热Pharyngoconjunctival fever, PCF 急性鼻咽炎acute nasopharyngitis急性咽炎acute pharyngitis急性扁桃体炎acute tonsillitis先天性喉喘鸣congenital laryngealstridor哮吼综合征Croup syndrome急性感染性喉炎acute infectious laryngitis急性支气管炎Acute bronchitis喘息样支气管炎asthmatoid bronchitis毛细支气管炎bronchiolitis大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia支气管肺炎bronchopneumonia间质性肺炎interstitial pneumonia支原体肺炎(原发性非典型肺炎) mycoplasmal pneumonia (primary atypical pneumonia)喘憋性肺炎(流行性毛细支气管炎) epidemic asthmatic suffocating pneumonia( epidemic bronchiolitis)巨细胞病毒肺炎cytomegalovirus pneumonia鹅口疮Thrush; muguet; mycotic stomatitis；疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis急性球菌性口炎acute coccus stomatis消化功能紊乱disorders of digestive function神经性厌食anorexia nervosa再发性(周期性)呕吐recurrent vomiting（cyclic vomiting）再发性腹痛recurrent abdominal pain，RAP肠痉挛colic；enterospasm婴幼儿腹泻infantile diarrhea秋季腹泻rotavirus enteritis迁延性腹泻persistent diarrhea慢性细菌性腹泻chronic bacillary diarrhea消化不良dyspepsia; indigestion; maldigestion 生理性腹泻physical diarrhea胃肠功能紊乱gastrointestinal dysfunction 肠胃炎enterogastritis胃肠炎gastroenteritis;gastroenterocolitis 细菌性肠炎bacterial enteritis致病性大肠杆菌肠炎enteropathogenic E.coli enteritis 真菌性肠炎Mycetes enteritis; fungous enteritis 病毒性肠炎Viral enteritis轮状病毒肠炎rotavirus enteritis坏死性肠炎necrotic enteritis水电解质紊乱Water-Electrolyte disturbances脱水Dehydration；anhydration代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis低钾血症kaliopenia低钙血症hypocalcemia高钠血症hypernatremia急性胃炎acute gastritis先天性肥大性幽门狭窄congenital hypertrophic pyloricstenosis肠梗阻intestinal obstruction;IO; ileus机械性肠梗阻mechanical ileus麻痹性肠梗阻paralytic ileus肠套叠intussusception急性肠系膜淋巴结炎Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis肝肿大hepatomegalia; hepatomegaly药物性肝损害（炎）drug-induced liver injury；Drug-induced hepatitis巨细胞病毒肝炎Cylomegalovirus肝脓疡liver abscess急性胰腺炎acute pancreatitis;AP房间隔缺损ASD; atrial septal defect;卵圆孔未闭acleistocardia; open foramen ovale 室间隔缺损ventricular septal defect;VSD动脉导管未闭patent ductus arteriosus;PDA;法乐四联症tetralogy of Fallot; (F4; TOF)先天性二尖瓣关闭不全congenital mitral insufficiency二尖瓣脱垂综合征mitral valve prolapse syndrome,MVPS;心律失常arrhythmia; arhythmia;CA窦性心动过速sinus tachycardia;ST窦性心动过缓sinus bradycardia,SB窦性心律不齐sinus arrhythmia;SA游走心律wandering rhythm房性早搏atrial premature beats交界性早搏junctional premature beat室性早搏ventricular premature contraction阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia;PST;PSVT;PSUT心房颤动atrial fibrillation完全性房室传导阻滞Complete atrioventricular block 病态窦房结综合征sick sinus syndrome;SSS预激综合征pre-excitation syndrome;W-P-W syndrome不完全性左束支传导阻滞incomplete left bundle branch block,ILBBB充血性心力衰竭congestive cardiac failure; congestive heart failure心源性休克cardiac shock;cardiogenic shock 感染性心内膜炎Infective endocarditis心肌病cardiomyopathy; myocardiopathy 心肌炎myocarditis,MC感染性心肌炎infective myocarditis病毒性心肌炎viral myocarditis;VM支原体性心肌炎mycoplasma myocarditis扩张型心肌病dilated cardiomyopathy肥厚性心肌病hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HC 限制性心肌病restrictive cardiomyopathy急性心包炎acute pericarditis化脓性心包炎purulent pericarditis;pyopericarditis; suppurative pericarditis病毒性心包炎Viral pericarditis肾性高血压renal hypertension;RH先天性尿路畸形congenital urinary tract deformity 婴儿型多囊肾infantile polycystic kidney包皮过长redundant prepuce鞘膜积液hydrocele of tunica vaginalis睾丸下降不全incomplete orchiocatabasis; cryptochidism肾小球肾炎glomerulonephritis; GN 急性肾小球肾炎acute glomerulonephritis急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis;APSGN肾病综合征nephrotic syndrome;NS 单纯性肾病综合症simple type NS肾炎性肾病综合征nephritis NS孤立性血尿isolated hematuria 孤立性蛋白尿isolated proteinuria复发性血尿recurrent hematuria持续性血尿persistent hematuria溶血尿毒综合征hemolytic uremic syndrome泌尿道感染urinary tract infection;UTI急性肾盂肾炎acute pyelonephritis急性肾功能衰竭acute renal failure;ARF肾小管性酸中毒renal tubular acidosis;RTA小儿贫血infantile anemia小细胞低色素性贫血microcytic hypochromic anemia 营养性贫血nutritional anemia缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia;IDA;sideropenic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血megaloblastic anemia,MA营养性混合性贫血nutritional anemia;mixed type 再生不良性贫血hypoplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血aplastic anemia感染性贫血Anemia of chronic infection铁粒幼红细胞性贫血sideroblastic anemia,SA骨髓增生异常综合征myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS 溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia,HA蚕豆病fabism;favism感染性溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia,infectious失血性贫血Blood loss anemia中性粒细胞增多症neutrophilia中性粒细胞减少症Neutropenia免疫性粒细胞减少症immunologic neutropenia感染性粒细胞减少症infective Granulocytopenia血小板减少性紫癜thrombocytopenic purpura;thrombopenic purpura;TP特发性血小板减少性紫癜idiopathic thrombocytopenicpurpura继发性血小板减少性紫癜thrombocytopenic purpura,secondary感染性血小板减少性紫癜infectious thrombocytopenicpurpura药物性免疫性血小板减少性紫癜drugs induced immunethrombocytopenic purpura血栓性血小板减少性紫癜thrombotic thrombocytopenicpurpura血友病 A hemophilia A血友病 B hemophilia B (plasma thromboplastin component, PTC)血友病 C hemophilia C (plasma thromboplastin antecedent, PTA)低凝血酶原血症Hypoprothrombinemia先天性凝血酶原缺乏症congenital prothrombin deficiency 维生素K缺乏症vitamin K deficiency脾脏增大（脾肿大）hypersplenotrophy;splenectasis;sple nomegalia;splenomegaly脾功能亢进hypersplenism;hypersplenia急性淋巴结炎acute lymphadenitis急性颌下淋巴结炎acute submaxillary lymphadenitis 急性肠系膜淋巴结炎acute adenomesenteritis惊厥convulsion;eclampsia;hyperspasmia 癫痫epilepsy癫痫发作seizure婴儿痉挛症infantile spasm;IS(West syndrome) 癫痫持续状态epileptic state;SE惊厥持续状态convulsive status急性中毒性脑病acute toxic encephalopathy;ATE蛛网膜下腔出血SAH;subarachnoid hemorrhage脑室内出血intraventricular hemorrhage先天愚型Down's disease;Down's syndrome；Mongolism脑积水hydrencephaly;hydrocephalus 小儿急性偏瘫acute hemiplegia in childhood 脑白质营养不良LD;leukodystrophy肾上腺脑白质营养不良adrenoleukodystrophy; Addison-Schilder disease呼吸暂停症（屏气发作）breathing holding (breath holding spell)癔病hysteria; hysterism尿崩症diabetes insipidus单纯性乳房早发育simple premature thelarche散发性甲状腺功能减低症sporadic hypothyroidism; sporadic cretinism地方性甲状腺功能减低症endemic hypothyroidism; endemic cretinism亚急性甲状腺炎subacute thyroiditis,SAT 慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis;CLT 糖尿病diabetes酮症酸中毒ketoacidosis急性淋巴细胞性白血病acute lymphocytic leukemia;ALL急性非淋巴细胞性白血病acute nonlymphocytic leukemia;ANL;ANLL慢性粒细胞白血病chronic myelocytic leukemia; CML;chronic granulocytic leukemia; CGL 淋巴瘤lymphoma; lymphadenoma;霍奇金病Hodgkin disease;Hodgkin's disease 脓疱疮crusted tetter脊柱侧弯scoliolosis脊柱裂cleft spine; spina bifida先天性手足畸形congenital extremities abnormality 先天性髋关节半脱位Congenital subluxation of hip,CDH 流行性肌痛epidemic myalgia渗出性中耳炎exudative otitis; OME; otitis mediawith effusion急性化脓性中耳炎acute purulent otitis media; APOM 小儿眩晕vertigo; circumgyration; dinus化脓性结膜炎purulent conjunctivitis滤泡性结膜炎follicular conjunctivitis咽结膜热pharyngoconjunctival fever,PCF疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis鹅口疮thrush; muguet; mycotic stomatitis 口角炎angular cheilitis;angular chilitis感染性口角炎perleche地图舌geographic tongue食物中毒food poisoning; food poison细菌性食物中毒bacterial food poisoning农药中毒pesticide intoxication有机磷农药中毒organophosphorus pesticide感染性休克septic shock急性呼吸衰竭acute respiratory failure;ARF颅内高压征acute intracranial hypertension消化道大出血massive hemorrhage ofgastrointestinal tract。

医药儿科相关词汇英语翻译

医药儿科相关词汇英语翻译儿科学Pediatrics儿童保健Child care疾病防治Disease prevention营养基础Basal nutrition婴儿喂养Infants’ feeding营养不良Malnutrition小儿肥胖obesity in Childhood解剖Anatomy：生理生化Physiology and biochemistry：营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism：免疫Immunity：病理Pathology：疾病的种类Variety of Disease：临床表现Clinical Situation：诊断Diagnosis治疗：Treatment预后：Prognosis预防：Prevention胎儿期：Fetal Stage胚卵期Ovigerm Stage胚胎期Embryo Stage新生儿期：Neonatal Period脐带Omphalus足月儿Term Infant早产儿Premature过期产儿Post term Infant围产期Perinatal stage婴儿期：Infancy幼儿期：Toddler Period学龄期：School age青春期：Adolescence遗传inheritance：性别sex：内分泌endocrine：孕母情况mother’s condition：营养nutrition：。

生活环境living environment：急性感染acute infection慢性疾病chronic disease消化道疾病disease of digestive tract内分泌疾病endocrine disease先天性疾病congenital disease体格生长：Physique growth摄入不足insufficiency of intake胎粪排出excretion of meconium水分丢失loss of moist生长高峰summit of growth卧位clinostatasm站立位erect position头顶vertex耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis 耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis 足底sole脐nave头围：Head Circumference胸围：Chest Circumference颅骨：Cranium颅缝cranial sutures：前囟anterior fontanel：后囟posterior：脊柱：Rachis ——生理弯曲的形成长骨：Long Bone干骺端Metaphysis软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification乳牙deciduous teeth恒牙permanent teeth(乳牙)萌出eruption神经系统nervous system脊髓spinal cord：运动发育：Motor development发音器官organs of voicing听觉sense of hearing大脑语言中枢cerebral language center语言交流communication护理：Nursing计划免疫：Planned Immunity心理卫生：Mental Health生活习惯living habit：社会适应能力social adaptation：亲情parent-child relationship健康查体：Physical Examination随访follow-up户外活动open field activity：身体抚触stroking massage：窒息apnea：中毒intoxication外伤trauma预防接种：Vaccination主动免疫Active immunity：被动免疫passive immunity：预防接种vaccination小儿传染病infectious disease卡介苗Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine脊髓灰质炎疫苗Polimyelitis Vaccine麻疹疫苗Measles Vaccine百白破三联疫苗Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine 乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine初种primary vaccination：复种revaccination：不良反应reaction：热量的需要：Caloric Requirement基础代谢：Basal Metabolism排泄Excretion蛋白质：Protein碳水化合物：Carbohydrate脂肪：Fat维生素：Vitamins水溶性维生素：Water-soluble Vitamin脂溶性维生素：Fat-soluble Vitamin矿物质：Mineral膳食纤维：Dietary Fiber母乳喂养：Breast Feeding母乳的成分：Component of Mother’s Milk免疫物质：immune material免疫球蛋白：Immune Gloulin补体：Complement乳铁蛋白：Lactoferrin溶菌酶：Lysozyme双歧因子：Bifidus Factor细胞成分：Components of Cells慢性消耗性疾病：Chronic consumptions精神障碍：Mental disorders急性传染病：Acute infectious diseases断奶：Weaning人工喂养：Bottle-Feeding稀释：Dilution加糖：Add Sugar煮沸：Boiling定时定量：Time and rationed Feeding个体差异：Individual Difference混合喂养Mixed Feeding大小便：Defecation代授法：Breast-bottle-feeding补授法：Supplemental Feeding辅食添加：The Introduction of solid food营养不良Malnutrition代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder临床分型：Clinical typing消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition浮肿型Edema Malnutrition消瘦－浮肿型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition病因：Etiological Factor摄入不足：Deficiency of Intake辅食添加不及时：Introduction of Solid Food饮食结构不合理：Incorrect Components of Diet不良饮食习惯：Bad Eating Habit消化吸收障碍：Disorder of Digestion and Absorption消化道先天畸形：Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract先天性代谢障碍：Congenital Dysbolism消化功能紊乱：Disorder of Digestive Function需求增多：Requirement Increases生长发育迅速的时期：The period when children grow rapidly 疾病恢复期：Recovery Phase of diseases双胎或多胎：Twins or Multiplets早产：Premature消耗性疾病Consumptions病理生理：Pathophysiology代谢异常：Dysbolism体温调节：Thermoregulation机体各系统功能低下：Incapacity of Body Systems消化系统：Digestive System循环系统：Circulatory System泌尿系统：Urinary System神经系统：Nervous System免疫系统：Immune System临床表现：Clinical Situation皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat腹Abdomen躯干Trunk臀Breech四肢Extremities面颊Cheeks皮肤Skin干燥Dehydration苍白Pale；肌肉Muscles松弛Laxity萎缩Atrophy；精神状态Mental Status萎靡Dispirited反应差Low Response；全身症状General Symptoms并发症：Complication营养性贫血：Nutritional Anemia各种维生素缺乏症：Various Kinds of Avitaminosis感染：Infections低血糖：Hypoglycemia诊断标准：Standard of Dignosis分型：Types分度：Degrees实验室检查：Laboratory Examination鉴别诊断：Differential Diagnosis治疗原则：Therapeutic Principle综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment治疗方法：Therapeutic Method积极治疗原发病：Cure the Primary Disease饮食治疗：Diet Therapy药物治疗：Drug Treatment支持治疗：Supporting Therapy危重症处理：Treatment in Crises度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea：营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema：蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor添加辅食：Instruction of solid food睡眠充足：Sufficient Sleeping防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病：Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases andAcute Infectious Diseases孕期保健与产前诊断：Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis新生儿筛查：Neonatal Screening治疗先天性疾病：Cure Congenital Diseases按时预防接种：Vaccination on time定期体格检查：Regular Physical Examination营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy病因及病理生理：Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology单纯性肥胖：Simple Obesity摄入过多：Excessive Intake活动过少：Lack of Movement家族遗传：Inheritance神经、精神因素Nervous and Mental Factors 继发性肥胖Secondary Obesity膝外翻Genu Valgum扁平足Fallen arch性发育较早：Early Sexual Development实验室检查：Laboratory Examinations胆固醇Cholesterol甘油三酯Triglyceride：β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein胰岛素Insulin生长激素Growth Hormone：诊断标准Standard of Diagnosis轻度Mild制度Moderate重度Severe。