被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法归纳总结
被动语态的用法归纳总结一、概念和基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构,表示主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
通常由以下形式构成:be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词。
二、被动语态的用途1. 突出某个动作或事件的接收者,强调对象。
2. 强调对主语造成影响或结果的行为,而非行为本身。
3. 当无须提及或不知道执行者时使用。
4. 在科学研究和实验报告中经常使用被动语态。
三、被动语态的时态变化1. 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词例:The car is washed every week.每周都会给这辆车清洗。
2. 现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词例:The house is being painted by the workers.工人正在油漆这座房子。
3. 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词例:The book was written by Mark Twain.这本书是马克·吐温写的。
4. 过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词例:The crops were being harvested when the storm hit.暴风雨袭击时农作物正在收割。
5. 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词例:The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹明天将被送到。
6. 现在完成时:has/have been + 过去分词例:The problem has been solved by our team.这个问题已经被我们的团队解决了。
四、主动语态和被动语态的转换1. 主动语态变被动语态把主动句的宾语移到前面作为被动句的主语,谓语动词改为相应形式的be动词,原主语成为介词by后的短语(可省略)。
例:Active: They built a new bridge last year.被动:A new bridge was built by them last year.2. 被动语态变主动语态将被动句的主语转化为主格作为主句的主语,谓语使用与原句中be表达时态、人称和数一致的动词原形。
被动语态用法
被动语态用法被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,它用来表达句子的主语是动作的接受者,而不是执行者。
被动语态在各种语境中都有应用,从叙述事件到科学研究,在正式文书和日常交流中都非常常见。
本文将介绍被动语态的用法和结构,并提供一些例句来帮助理解。
一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构由be动词的不同时态形式和过去分词构成。
下面是主要的be动词时态形式:1. 现在时态:am/is/are(与主语的人称和数保持一致)+ 过去分词2. 过去时态:was/were(与主语的人称和数保持一致)+ 过去分词3. 将来时态:will be + 过去分词4. 完成时态:have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的接受者被动语态常用来强调动作的接受者,而不是执行者。
这种用法常见于报道新闻、描述事件或者提及一般事实。
例句:- The new shopping mall was opened last week.(新的购物中心上周开业了。
)- The cake was made by my mother.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)- The message has been received.(信息已经收到。
)2. 隐藏或省略动作的执行者有时候,在句子中故意省略动作的执行者。
这种用法常见于强调动作本身,而无须关注执行动作的人或事物。
例句:- The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。
)- The car was stolen last night.(车昨晚被偷了。
)- The book has been misplaced.(这本书被错放了。
)3. 无需或不必指明动作的执行者有时候,在句子中并无需或不必指明动作的执行者。
这种用法常见于科学研究、书面报告或一般陈述中。
例句:- It is believed that the Earth is round.(普遍认为地球是圆的。
)- Wine is made from grapes.(葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。
被动语态用法
• • • •
示主语是动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的构成 1. 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词 ” 构成。具体为: (1)一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去 分词 . (2) 一般过去时: was/were +及物动词的过 去分词 .
5. I passed him a book.
was passed me A book ____ ____ ___ to him by ____.
6. The boss made his little brother work 18 hours
a day.
was ____ His little brother ____ made ___ to _____ work 18 hours a day.
3. 含有宾语补足语的句子,如果宾语补足语是不带to的 动词不定式,变成被动语态后则要加上to.
I often see them play football on the playground. —— They are often seen to play football (by me) on the playground. 常见的动词有:see、hear、make等。
3. We can do it in one hour.
be _____ It can ____ ___ in one hour. done by _____ us
4. He has learned English for five years.
has been him for five years. English ____ ____ learned ______ by ____
被动语态的用法
被动语态的⽤法被动语态的⽤法学习被动语态的⼏个问题被动语态是动词的⼀种特殊形式,表⽰句⼦中的主语是动作的承受者,汉语往往⽤“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表⽰被动意义。
1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态(The Passive Voice)是动词的⼀种形式,表⽰主语是谓语动词的承受者。
被动语态便于论述客观事实,故常⽤于科技⽂章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。
被动语态没有将来进⾏时、过去将来进⾏时和完成进⾏时形式。
1)⼀般现在时The boy is called Johnson.2)⼀般过去时Where were you educated?3)⼀般将来时The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock.4)现在进⾏时The road is being repaired.5)过去进⾏时He was being looked after by his sister.6)现在完成时She hasn’t been told about it yet.7)过去完成时She told me that the factory had been closed down.8)将来完成时This project will have been completed by the end of this year.2. 主动语态变被动语态需要注意的⼏个问题.(1)时态保持⼀致。
The teacher punished him many times for his lateness.He has been punished many times for his lateness.(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend.(3)主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中⼀个宾语变为被动句的主语,另⼀个宾语不变。
被动语态的用法归纳
被动语态的用法归纳被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
被动语态的构成由助动词"be"加上动词的过去分词形式组成。
以下是被动语态的用法归纳:1. 当动作的执行者不重要或不知道时,使用被动语态。
例如:The book was written by Shakespeare.(这本书是莎士比亚写的。
)2. 当重点要放在承受动作的对象上时,使用被动语态。
例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(汽车被修理师傅修好了。
)3. 当主动语态的动作执行者已知,但并不想透露时,使用被动语态。
例如:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。
)4. 当一般陈述中,主语是物而不是人时,使用被动语态。
例如:The flowers were watered yesterday.(花昨天被浇水了。
)5. 当上下文中已提到动作的执行者,但在句子中并不重要时,使用被动语态。
例如:The ring was lost.(戒指被弄丢了。
)6. 当需要避免使用主动语态时,使用被动语态。
例如:Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。
)7. 当主语是“they”,并且在被动语态中不需要注明动作的执行者时,使用被动语态。
例如:They were given a surprise.(他们受到了惊喜。
)被动语态可以提供句子的变换和灵活性,并且在语言表达中常常被使用。
然而,需要根据具体的上下文和句子结构来使用被动语态,以确保语句的清晰和准确。
英语被动语态的用法
英语被动语态的用法英语被动语态是一种用来描述动作或状态的语法结构,其中主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
被动语态常常用来强调动作的接受者或者将行动者置于次要位置。
被动语态的构成通常是“be”动词加上动词的过去分词形式。
例如,主动语态句子'John ate an apple.'可以转换为被动语态句子'The apple was eaten by John.'其中,'was'是be动词的过去式,'eaten'是动词'eat'的过去分词形式。
被动语态的使用有以下几个方面:1. 强调句子的接受者:通过使用被动语态,可以将动作的接受者放在句子的主要位置,以突出其重要性。
例如,'The cake was made by my grandmother.'这个句子中,被强调的是'my grandmother'。
2. 避免指责:有时候,使用被动语态可以避免将责任归咎于特定的行动者。
例如,'Mistakes were made.'这个句子可以在不指明具体责任人的情况下,描述错误的发生。
3. 无法确定行动者:在某些情况下,行动者无法确定或者不重要,这时候使用被动语态更合适。
例如,'The window was broken.'这个句子中,并没有指定是谁打碎了窗户。
4. 礼貌用语:在正式场合或者文学作品中,使用被动语态可以显得更为礼貌和客气。
例如,'Your presence is requested.'这个句子中,使用被动语态可以使请求更加婉转。
需要注意的是,不是所有的动词都可以转换为被动语态。
一些及物动词,如'eat'和'break'可以转换为被动语态,而一些不及物动词,如'run'和'sleep'则不能。
被动语态的用法归纳 -回复
被动语态的用法归纳 -回复被动语态是英语中的一种句式结构,用来表示动作的承受者或对象而不是执行者。
被动语态由"be"动词的不同形式加上过去分词构成。
被动语态的用法:1.当执行者未知或不重要时:例如:“The book was publishedin 2020.”(这本书是在2020年出版的)2.当强调动作承受者时:例如:“The cake was made by my grandmother.” (这个蛋糕是由我奶奶做的)3.当避免指责或责任时:例如:“Mistakes were made.”(犯了错误)4.当描述自然现象或普遍真理时:例如:“Roses are grown in many countries.”(玫瑰在许多国家种植)5.当使用某些特定动词时:例如:“The car was washed.”(这辆车被洗了)被动语态还可以通过不同的时态和情态动词来表示不同的时态和语气。
例如:-现在时态被动:am/is/are +过去分词(The letter is written.)(这封信被写了)-过去时态被动:was/were +过去分词(The car was repaired.)(这辆车已经修好了)-将来时态被动:will be +过去分词(The project will be completed tomorrow.)(这个项目明天将会完成)-情态动词被动:情态动词+ be +过去分词(The book should be read carefully.)(这本书应该被仔细阅读)被动语态在英语中被广泛使用,可以有效地转变句子结构、改变语气和突出重点。
但在使用被动语态时需要注意主动句子的主语和动作执行者被动句子中的承受者。
语法讲解:被动语态的用法
【导语】以下是整理的《语法讲解:被动语态的⽤法》,⼀起来看看吧!1. ⼀般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努⼒学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. ⼑是⽤来切东西的。
2. ⼀般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了⼀座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. ⼀般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建⼀家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进⾏时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的⾃⾏车。
They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那⾥种植的树⽊。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被成多种⽂字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多⼈造卫星被送上了太空。
被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成为:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们的教室每天都被打扫。
我被要求努力研究。
刀子用于切割物品。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成为:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:去年建了一家新商店。
恐龙蛋很久以前就被放置了。
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成为:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:这本书已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
很多国家已经发射了许多人造卫星。
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成为:will + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们城市将会建造一家新医院。
明年将会种更多的树。
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成为:情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:年轻的树必须经常浇水。
你的错误应该立即纠正。
门可能被从里面锁上了。
你的作业可以明天交。
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成为:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:___正在修理我的自行车。
现在我的自行车正在被___修理。
他们正在那里种树。
现在树正在被他们种植。
1.不及物动词没有被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years。
Dinosaurs disappeared about 65 n years ago.2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
___.3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式。
在主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。
例如:make somebody do something → somebody + be + made to do something。
see somebody do somethi ng → somebody + be + seen to do something。
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by。
被动语态构成及用法
被动语态构成及用法一、什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中的一种语态,用来表示句子的主语是动作的承受者,而非执行者。
在被动语态中,谓语动词由be动词加上过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的构成1. 一般现在时被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:The cake is made by my mother.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态:was/were + 过去分词例如:The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信昨天已经寄出了。
)3. 现在进行时被动语态:am/is/are being + 过去分词例如:The house is being painted by the workers.(工人正在给这个房子刷漆。
)4. 过去进行时被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词例如:The book was being read by the boy when his father came in.(当他父亲进来的时候,这个男孩正在读这本书。
)5. 现在完成时被动语态:has/have been + 过去分词例如:The work has been finished by the team.(这项工作已经完成了。
)6. 过去完成时被动语态:had been + 过去分词例如:The book had been read by many people before it was published.(这本书在出版之前已经被很多人读过了。
)7. 将来时被动语态:will be + 过去分词例如:The room will be cleaned by the maid tomorrow.(明天房间将会被女佣打扫。
)8. 将来完成时被动语态:will have been + 过去分词例如:By next year, the bridge will have been repaired for 10 years.(到明年,这座桥已经修好十年了。
被动语态的用法总结归纳
被动语态的用法总结归纳被动语态是英语中常用的一种句式,它强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
在许多情况下,使用被动语态可以使文章更加客观、生动,并减少重复使用主动语态。
本文将总结和归纳被动语态的使用方法及其注意事项。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由be 动词(am, is, are, was, were)和过去分词组成。
其中,be 动词根据主语的数与时态变化,而过去分词则保持不变。
1. 时态变化:- 现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时:was/were + 过去分词- 将来时:will be + 过去分词2. 主语变为宾语:主动语态中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,即由接受者(receiver)取代执行者(doer)。
这样可以突出接受者并使句子更加直接。
举例说明:主动语态:The cat chased the mouse.被动语态:The mouse was chased by the cat.二、被动语态的用途及意义1. 重点强调接受者:被动语态用于强调动作的接受者,而非执行者。
这样可以使句子中的重点内容突出,并增加表达的准确性。
举例说明:主动语态:Tom planted the trees in the park.被动语态:The trees were planted in the park by Tom.2. 避免指责:在某些情况下,使用被动语态可以避免直接指责或暗示特定执行者。
这样可以使句子更加客观和中立。
举例说明:主动语态:Someone broke the window last night.被动语态:The window was broken last night.3. 对不知道执行者的情况描述:当我们不知道或不关心执行者是谁时,可以使用被动语态来描述一些事件或行为。
举例说明:主动语态:They have found a lost wallet.被动语态:A lost wallet has been found.三、注意事项1. 动词形式的变化:在构成被动句时,be 动词根据主语的数与时态进行变化,而过去分词保持不变。
被动语态的用法讲解
被动语态的用法讲解一、什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中一种常用的句式结构,它强调主语受到动作的影响或承受了某种行为。
在被动语态中,主动词的对象变成了句子的主语,而原来的主语则变成了介词by短语中使用。
被动语态特别适用于当我们不知道或者不关心谁执行了动作时。
二、构造被动语态被动语态由“be”(根据时态和人称变化)+过去分词构成。
下面是各种时态下的例子:1. 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词主动:She eats an apple.被动:An apple is eaten by her.2. 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词主动:They opened the door.被动:The door was opened by them.3. 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词主动:He will write a book.被动:A book will be written by him.4. 现在完成时:has/have been + 过去分词主动:We have finished the project.被动:The project has been finished by us.5. 现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词主动:She is reading a book.被动:A book is being read by her.6. 过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词主动:They were painting the house.被动:The house was being painted by them.三、被动语态的用法1. 强调行为受害者被动语态用于突出行为或事件的受害者,使其成为句子的重点。
例如:主动:The dog bit John.被动:John was bitten by the dog.在这个例子中,主语从"dog"变成了"John",强调了John受到了咬伤。
被动语态的用法(有例句)
一、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。
如:The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有据报道It is reported that…据说It is said that…大家相信It is believed that…有人建议It is suggested that…二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:by Tom.Tom killed him. → He was killed(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意:They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。
英语语法被动语态的用法
英语语法被动语态的用法被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化。
被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变。
1、各种时态的被动语态结构如下:(1)一般现在时的被动语态:主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词(2)一般过去时的被动语态:主语+was / were +过去分词(3)现在完成时的被动语态:主语+have / has +been +过去分词(4)一般将来时的被动语态:主语+will +be +过去分词(5)过去将来时的被动语态:主语+would / should + be +过去分词(6)过去进行时的被动语态:主语+was / were + being +过去分词(7)过去完成时的被动语态:主语+had + been +过去分词(8)情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词2、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语。
Football is played widely all over the world。
全世界都广泛地踢足球。
(2)强调动作的承受者。
The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon。
昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。
(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型。
It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA。
据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。
3、主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语。
(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词。
(3)原来的主语,如果需要的话,放在by后面;如果没必要,可省略。
被动语态用法
还有一些动词构成的被动形式也表示主动意义。 这类词组有: be used to(习惯于), be born(出生), be determined(决心,决定), be prepared(准备)等。
hour.
7、现在完成时的被动语态: have / has + been + 动词的过去分词 Some new factories have been built in the city since last year. Your watch has been mended already.
8、过去完成时的被动语态: had + been + 动词的过去分词 He said that some new factories had been built in the city. I didn’t know that my watch had been m在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China.
2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928.
6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词. She said that some new factories would be built soon in our
被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法被动语态的用法一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:Many people speak English.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
一般现在时:am/is/are+done一般过去时:was/were+done一般将来时:will/shall be+done过去将来时:would+be+done现在进行时:am/is/are being+done过去进行时:was/were being +done现在完成时:have/has been+done三、被动语态的用法1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如:1) Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)2) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
2 强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
例如:1) This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
2) Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
记忆歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2 把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词),根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。
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被动语态的用法学习被动语态的几个问题被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者,汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态(The Passive V oice)是动词的一种形式,表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。
被动语态便于论述客观事实,故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。
被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时形式。
1)一般现在时The boy is called Johnson.2)一般过去时Where were you educated?3)一般将来时The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock.4)现在进行时The road is being repaired.5)过去进行时He was being looked after by his sister.6)现在完成时She hasn’t been told about it yet.7)过去完成时She told me that the factory had been closed down.8)将来完成时This project will have been pleted by the end of this year.2. 主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.(1)时态保持一致。
The teacher punished him many times for his lateness.He has been punished many times for his lateness.(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend.(3)主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
动词make/buy/mend/get用for;动词give/show/pass/send/lend/bring/take用to)Vivian gave me a book.(被动1) I was given a book by Vivian.(被动2) A book was given to me by Vivian.(4)主动语态若有复合宾语,(即句子结构为主+Vt+宾+宾补),将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,宾补不变。
They call him Louis.被动语态:He is called Louis.(5)主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to,feel等变成被动语态时,后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes.被动语态:He was made to wash the dishes.(6)主动形式表被动.The poem reads well.(7)有些动词不能用于被动语态take place/happen/e true/break down/break out等。
All your dreams will e true if you try your best.3.不同时态的被动句(1) 一般现在时的被动语态I am not so easily deceived. 我不会轻易上当受骗的。
Computers are widely used in the world.计算机在世界范围内得到广泛应用。
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态The car was seriously damaged. 汽车受到严重损坏。
Printing was introduced into Europe from .印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。
(3) 现在进行时的被动语态The question is being discussed at the meeting.这个问题现在正在会上讨论。
The children are being taken care of by their aunt.孩子们现在正由其姑妈照看。
(4) 过去进行时的被动语态When I called, tea was being served.当我来访时,正值上茶之际。
When they arrived,the experiments were being made.他们到达时,实验正在进行。
(5) 现在完成时的被动语态The meeting has been put off. 会议已被推迟了。
The party has been planned since the new year.这次聚会自新年起就已筹划了。
(6) 过去完成时的被动语态By the end of last month,he had been robbed at least three times.到上月底,他已被抢了至少三次。
(7) 将来完成时的被动语态It is said that the building will have been pleted before September.据说大楼将于九月前竣工。
This class will have been taught by Mr Brown for two years by next summer.到明年夏天,布朗先生在这两个班执教已有两年了。
2. 含有情态动词的被动语态Water mustn't be wasted. 绝不能浪费水。
Electric energy can be changed into light enery.电能可以转变成光能。
Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down.过马路时要特别小心,要往两边看,不然会被撞倒。
3. Get+过去分词构成的被动语态Get+过去分词也可以构成被动语态,用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。
如:the man got hurt on his way home. 那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。
Mary is going to get married. 玛丽准备结婚了。
How did the glass get broken? 杯子怎么破了?4. 短语动词的被动语态(1) 动词+介词This matter has been talked about recently.这件事近来一直被谈论着。
Such a thing has never been heard of before.这样的事从未被听说过。
The old man was looked after carefully. 那位老人被精心照顾着。
He has never been listened to. 人家从不听他的话。
(2) 动词+副词The sports meeting was put off. 运动会被推迟了。
A short play will be put on by them at the party.一个短剧将要由他们在晚会上演出。
What he said must be thought over. 他说的话必须仔细思考。
(3) 其他短语动词Privileges must be done away with. 特权必须被取消。
The light has just been turned off. 灯刚被关上。
Their plans are being carried out. 他们的计划正在执行中。
5. “主+动+宾+宾补”句型变为被动结构这种句型有两个宾语,一般地说一为间接宾语,一为直接宾语。
变为被动结构时,只将主动结构中的一个宾语变为被动结构中的主语,另一宾语不变。
We call him Xiao Wang. 我们叫他小王。
(主动句)He was called Xiao Wang. 他被叫做小王。
(被动句)He painted the table green. 他把桌子漆成了绿色。
(主动句)The table was painted green. 桌子被漆成了绿色。
(被动句)6. “主+动+that从句”句型的被动句有些以that从句作宾语的主动句可以转换成两种形式的被动句。
如:People say that he is the richest man in the city.人们说他是全市头号富翁。
→It is said that he is the richest man in the city.据说他是全市头号富翁。
→He is said to be the richest man in the city.据说他是全市头号富翁。
当说话人认为主动句的主语无关紧要,或者不清楚谁是谓语动作的发出者时,便常常使用上述形式的被动句。
如:It was reported that the boy had been found.据报道,男孩已被找到。
The boy was reported to have been found.据报道,男孩已被找到。
常用于上述被动句型的动词有:acknowledge, assume, believe, claim, consider, declare, estimate, expect, find, know, presume, report, say, think等。
7. 含有被动意义的主动语态英语中有一些表示被动意义的主动句,其谓语所表示的不是主语的动作,而是其内在的性能。
这种句子的特点是:主语为无生命名词,谓语动词为一般现在时;肯定句必须带方式状语;否定句的谓语可以带情态动词。
如:She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。
The house is to rent. 这个房子要出租。
Food can keep fresh in a fridge. 食物放在冰箱里能保鲜。
The pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔很好写。
The cloth feels soft. 这布摸上去很柔软。
The cake tastes good. 这蛋糕很好吃。
练习题:1.The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ________(blow) the earth away.2.Mr Smith kept on _____ (ask) the players to remember-----TEAMWORK3. didn't hear what the teacher said just now,so she doesn't know how ____ (do) the problem.4.The policeman asked the old granny to put down her heavy box and let him ______ (carry) it for her.5.用help,happen,listen,have,ask,be,plant,miss,leave,look的适当形式填空:(1).WangHai is a good rade.He always does his best ________others.(2).Dig the hole big enough,or the trees can’t ___________well .(3).It's time for class.Let's stop _______to the teacher.(4).Her face turned red when she _______ to sing a song for all of us.(5).She is older than Mary but ________much younger.(6).--I can't find my keys.--Maybe you ___________ them in the pocket.句型转换练习题将下列主动句转换成被动句。