植物生理学名词中英文对照

植物生理学名词中英文对照
（按汉字笔画排序）
一画
乙醛酸体glyoxysome
乙醛酸循环glyoxylate cycle，GAC
乙醇酸glycolate，glycolic acid
乙醇酸氧化酶glycolate oxidase
乙醇酸氧化途径glycolic acid oxidation pathway
乙醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase
乙烯ethylene
乙烯利ethrel
二画
二型性别dimorphism
二苯脲diphenylurea
二酰甘油diacylglycerol，DG，DAG
二硝基酚dinitrophenol，DNP1
1,3-二磷酸甘油酸1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
二氧化碳猝发CO2outburst
二氧化碳饱和点CO2saturation point
二氧化碳补偿点CO2compensation point
二氨丙烷diaminopropane
2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,2,4-D
二氢玉米素dihydrozeatin
二氢吡咯pyrroline
二氢红花菜豆酸dihydrophaseic acid
二羟丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate，DHAP
人工种子artificial seeds
儿茶酚氧化酶catechol oxidase
三画
三十烷醇1-triacontanol
三碘苯甲酸2，3，5-triiodobenzoic acid，TIBA
三氯苯氧乙酸trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
三重反应triple response293
三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle，TCAC
干旱drought
干旱胁迫drought stress
土壤—植物—大气连续体soil-plant-atmosphere continuum,SPAC 下调作用down regulation
大纤丝macrofibril
大量元素major element，
微量元素macroelement
小孔扩散律small pore diffusion law
尸胺cadaverine299
己糖磷酸途径hexose monophosphate pathway，HMP
己糖激酶hexokinase
马来酰肼maleic hydrazide,MH
四画
开放体系open system
天然单性结实natural parthenocarpy
天冬氨酸aspartate,Asp
天冬氨酸转氨酶aspartate amino transferase
天线色素antenna pigment
无土栽培soilless culture
无融合生殖apomixis
无辐射退激radiationless deexcitation
无氧呼吸anaerobic respiration1
无氧呼吸消失点anaerobic respiration extinction point 无籽果实seedless fruit
无限生长indeterminate growth
无孢子生殖apospory
无丝分裂amitosis
木酮糖5磷酸xylulose-5-phosphate
木质素lignin
支链淀粉amylopectin
区域化compartmentation
瓦伯格效应Warburg effect
日中性植物day neutral plant
中日照植物intermediate day length plant
中央液泡central vacuole
Ｃ3－Ｃ4中间植物Ｃ3－Ｃ4intermediate plant
中间丝intermediate filament
中层middle lamella
水培hydroponics
水培法water culture method
水势water potential
水杨基氧肟酸salicylhydroxamate，SHAM
水杨酸salicylic acid,SA
水生植物hydrophytes
水氧化钟water oxidizing clock
水合补偿点hydration compensation point
水分亏缺water deficit
水分平衡water balance
水分临界期critical period of water
水分代谢water bolism
水溶清蛋白albumin
水通道蛋白water channel protein
水孔蛋白aquaporins
内吞endocytosis
内聚力cohesion
内聚力学说cohesion theory
内在蛋白intrinsic protein
内酯酶lactonase
内转换internal conversion
内向K +通道inward K +channel，
内质网endoplasmic reticulum,ER
内膜endomembrane
内能internal energy
贝壳杉烯kaurene
气培法aeroponics
气相色谱gas chromatography
气腔网络air space netwotk
气穴现象cavitation
气孔开度stomatal aperture
气孔运动stomatal movement
气孔蒸腾stomatal transpiration
气孔下腔substomatal cavities
气孔频度stomatal frequency
毛管水capillary water
毛细作用capillarity
长日植物long day plant
长短日植物long short day plant
片层lamellae
化学势chemical potential
化学信号chemical signal
化学渗透学说chemiosmotic theory
反向传递antiport
反馈抑制feedback inhibition
反馈调节feedback regulation
反应中心reaction center，
反应中心色素分子reaction center pigment
介电常数dielectric constant
分支酶branching enzyme
分化differentiation
分泌囊泡secretory vesicles
比热容specific heat
比集运转速率specific mass transfer rate，SMTR
比久B9,二甲胺基琥珀酰胺酸 dimethyl aminosuccinamic acid
巴斯德效应Pasteur effect
双“S”形生长曲线double sigmoid growth curve
双光系统two photosystem
双向运输bidirectional transport
双受精double fertilization
五画
末端氧化酶terminal oxidase
玉米素zeatin，ZT
玉米素核苷zeatin riboside
玉米素顺反异构酶zeatin cistrans isomerase
玉米赤霉烯酮zearaienone
正常性种子orthodox seed
正化学信号positive chemical signal
正向重性positive gravitropism
正效应物positive effector
去春化作用devernalization
去极化depolarization
去镁叶绿素pheophytin，Pheo
甘氨酸甜菜碱glycine betaine
甘油三酯triacylglycerols,TAG
甘油3磷酸glycerol-3-phosphate
甘油3磷酸脱氢酶glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
甘油醛3磷酸glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate，GAP
甘油醛3磷酸脱氢酶ghyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 甘油酸激酶glycerate kinase
可溶性氧化酶soluble oxidase
可溶性淀粉合成酶soluble starch synthase
丙酮酸pyruvate
丙酮酸磷酸二激酶pyruvate phosphate dikinase PPPk
丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体pyruvic acid dehydrogenase complex
丙酮酸脱羧酶pyruvic acid decarboxylase
丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase
丙氨酸甜菜碱alaninebetaine
丙糖磷酸异构酶triose phosphate isomerase
戊糖磷酸途径pentose phosphate pathway，PPP
平衡压力balance pressure
平衡石statolith
平衡溶液balance solution
平衡细胞statocyles
灭光信号light off signal
卡尔文循环Calvin cycle
叶黄素xanthophyll
叶面营养foliar nutrition
叶面积系数leaf area index，LAI
叶肉细胞mesophyll cell
叶绿素chlorophyll,Chl
叶绿体chloroplast
叶绿体被膜chloroplast envelope
5′-甲硫基核苷5′-methylthioribose
甲硫氨酸methionine
甲瓦龙酸甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid
电中性electroneutrality
电化学势electrochemical potential
电负性electronegative
田间持水量field capacity
四氢吡喃苄基腺嘌呤 tetrahydropyranyl benzyladenine 生理碱性盐physiologically alkaline salt
生理酸性盐physiologically acid salt
生理中性盐physiologically neutral salt
生理钟physiological clock
生理休眠physiological dormancy
生殖生长reproductive growth
生殖细胞无孢子生殖generatine apospory
生物大分子biomacromolecule
生物固氮biological nitrogen fixation
生物钟biological clock
生物氧化biological oxidation
生物分子biomolecule
生物膜biomembrane
生长growth
生长素auxin
生长素梯度学说auxin gradient theory
生长素 赖氨酸合成酶IAA lysinesynthetase
生长素结合蛋白auxin binding protein
生长抑制剂growth inhibitor
生长大周期grand period of growth
生长呼吸growth respiration
生长延缓剂growth retardant
生长的周期性growth periodicity
生长效率growth efficiency
生长发育growth and development
生命周期life cycle
生色团chromophore
代谢bolism
代谢库bolic sink
代谢源bolic source
外排exocytosis
外植体explant
外在蛋白extrinsic protein
外连丝ectodesmata
外向K＋通道outward K +channel
外膜outer membrane
饥饿基因famine gene
主动转运active transport
主动吸水active absorption of water
主动吸收active absorption
主宰酶master enzyme
主导库dominant sink
半醌semiquinone
半支莲醛potulai
半透膜semipermeable membrane
半自主性细胞器semiautonomous organelle
半月苔酸lunlaric acid
半纤维素hemicellulose
它感化合物allelochemical
必需元素essential element
永久萎蔫permanent wilting
永久萎蔫系数permanent wilting coefficient
皮孔蒸腾lenticular transpiration
发酵fermentation
发育development
对氯汞苯磺酸parachloro-mercuribenzene sulfonate
幼年期juvenile phase
丝状亚基fibrous subunits
丝氨酸serine
丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶 serine glyoxylate aminotransferase
六画
动作电位action potential，AP
动力蛋白dynamin
老化aging
共振传递resonance transfer
共价键covalent bond
共向传递体symport
共质体symplast
共质体运输symplastic transport
共质体装载symplastic phloem loading
共质体途径symplast pathway
亚硝酸还原酶nitrite reductase，NiR
亚胺环已酮cycloheximide
亚麻酸linolenic acid
亚精胺spermidine
亚油酸linoleic acid
过氧化氢酶catalase，CAT
过氧化物酶peroxidase，POD
过氧化物体peroxisome
过敏反应hypersensitive reaction
再春化现象revernalization
再生阶段regeneration phase
再分配redistribution
再分化redifferentiation
扩散作用diffusion，
协助扩散facilitated diffusion
西罗血红素sirohaem
压力探针pressure probe
压力势pressure potential
压力流学说pressure flow hypothesis
压力室法pressure chamber
有氧呼吸aerobic respiration
有益元素beneficial elements
有限生长determinate growth
有丝分裂reduction mitosis
灰分ash
灰分元素ash element
死亡激素death hormone
成花素florigen
成花决定态floral determinated state
成花启动floral evocation
成花诱导floral induction
成膜体phragmoplast
成熟maturation
光形态建成photomorphogenesis
光呼吸photorespiration
光呼吸碳氧化循环photorespiration carbon oxidation cycle 光敏色素phytochrome，PHY
光保护作用photoprotection
光化学烟雾photochemical smog
光反应light reaction
光合速率photosynthetic rate
光合有效辐射photosynthetically active radiation，PAR
光合碳还原循环photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle
光合磷酸化photophosphorylation
光合链photosynthetic chain
光合午睡现象midday depression of photosynthesis
光合作用photosynthesis
光合作用的光抑制photoinhibition of photo synthesis 光合膜photosynthetic membrane
光合产物photosynthetic yield
光合单位photosynthetic unit
光合滞后期lag phase of photosynthesis
光合细菌photosynthetic bacteria
光受体photoreceptor
光周期photoperiod
光周期现象photoperiodism
光周期诱导photoperiodic induction
光饱和点light saturation point
光系统ⅠphotosystemⅠ，PSⅠ
光系统ⅡphotosystemⅡ，PSⅡ
光亲和标记photoaffinity labling
光滑性内质网smooth endoplasmic reticulum
光补偿点light compensation point
光调节因子light regulated element
光能利用率efficiency for solar energy utilization 早熟发芽precocious germination
早前期带preprophase band，PPB，
吐水guttation
同型二聚体homodimer
同化物assimilate
同化物运输assimilate transportation
同化作用assimilation
同化力assimilatory power
同源异型基因homeotic gene
同源异型突变homeotic mutation
吸胀吸水imbibing absorption of water
吸胀作用imbibition，
吸收光谱absorption spectrum
吸附作用absorption
回补机制replenishing mechanism
传递体transporter
休眠dormancy
休眠素dormin
伤呼吸wound respiration
伤流bleeding
伤流液bleeding sap
自动催化作用autocatalysis
自花授粉self pollination
自由基free radical
自由水free water
自由空间free space
自由能free energy
自交不亲和性self incompatibility
自交不育self infertility
自养性autotropism
自溶作用autolysis
向光性phototropism
向重性gravitropism
向化性chemotropism
向触性thigmotropism
向性运动tropic movement
后熟作用after ripening
近似昼夜节奏circadian rhythm
杀粉蝶菌素A piericidin A
合子zygote
肌动蛋白actin
肌醇三磷酸inositol-1,4,5-triphophate，IP3
肌醇磷脂lipositol
负化学信号negative chemical signal
负向重性negative gravitropism
负效应物negative effector
多元酚氧化酶polyphenol oxidase
多聚核糖体polyribosome
多聚化截留机理polymerization trap mechanism 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶polygalacturonase
多克隆抗体polyclonal antibody
多胺ployamines,PA
色素pigment
色素蛋白复合体pigment protein complex
色氨酸tryptophan
色氨酸单加氧酶thyphophan monooxygenase
色胺tryptamine
交替氧化酶alternative oxidase
交替途径alternative pathway
交叉适应现象cross adaptation
交叉忍耐cross tolerances
次生壁secondary wall
次级共运转secondary cotransport
次级电子供体secondary electron donor
次级电子受体secondary electron acceptor
次级库subordinate sinks
异花授粉allogamy
异构酶isomerase
异柠檬酸裂解酶isocitratelyase
异柠檬酸脱氢酶isocitric acid dehydrogenase
异戊烯基腺苷isopentenyl adenosine,iPA 异戊烯基腺嘌呤isopentenyladenine,ip
异戊烯转移酶isopentenyl transferase 异戊烯焦磷酸isopentenyl pyrophosphate 异化作用disassimilation
阳生植物sun plant
阴生植物shade plant
红花菜豆酸phaseic acid
红光red light
红降red drop
纤维素cellulose
纤维素酶cellulase
七画
麦芽糖酶maltase
形态发生morphogenesis
远红光far red light
运动反应motor response
运转器translocator
韧皮部装载phloem loading
韧皮部卸出phloem unloading
韧皮蛋白P 蛋白phloem protein
坏死性死亡necrosis death
赤藓糖4磷酸erythrose-4-phosphate
赤霉素gibberellin，GA
赤霉烷gibberellane
抑制剂depressant
抗坏血酸氧化酶ascorbate oxidase
抗盐性salt resistance
抗热性heat resistance
抗蒸腾剂antitranspirant
抗旱性drought resistance
抗虫性pest resistance
抗氰呼吸cyanide resistant respiration 抗氰氧化酶cyanide resistant oxidase 抗冻性freezing resistance
抗冷性chilling resistance
抗病性disease resistance
抗性resistance,hardiness
抗涝性flood resistance
抗张强度tensile strength
壳梭孢菌素fusicoccin，FC
拟核体nucleoid
拟脂体lipid body
芽休眠bud dormancy
花芽分化flower bud differentiation
花的发端initiation of flower
花熟状态ripeness to flower state
花粉pollen
花粉粒pollen grain
6-苄基腺嘌呤6-benzyl adenine，BA
克隆clone
极性polarity
极性运输polar transport
极性分子polar molecule
束缚型赤霉素conjugated gibberellin
束缚型生长素bound auxin
束缚水bound water
两极光周期植物amphophotoperiodism plant
还原阶段reduction phase
旱害drought injury
旱生植物xerophytes
吲哚丁酸indole-3-butyric acid，IBA
吲哚丙酮酸indole pyruvic acid
吲哚丙酸indole propionic acid
吲哚乙醛indole acetaldehyde
吲哚乙酰天冬氨酸indole acetyl aspartic acid
吲哚乙酰葡萄糖indole acetyl glucose
吲哚乙酰肌醇indole acetyl inositol
吲哚乙酸indole-3-acetic acid，IAA
吲哚乙酸氧化酶IAA oxidase
吲哚乙腈indole acetonitrile
别藻蓝蛋白allophycocyanin
延胡索酸酶fumarase
体细胞无孢子生殖somatic apospory
体细胞胚somatic embryo
伸展蛋白extensin
低温诱导蛋白low temperature induced protein
希尔氧化剂Hill oxidant
希尔反应Hill reaction
谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase，GS
谷氨酸合酶glutamate synthase,GOGAT
谷氨酸脱氢酶glutamate dehydrogenase，GDH
谷氨酸乙醛酸转氨酶glutamate glyoxylate aminotransferase 谷胱甘肽glutathione
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione peroxidase，GPX
谷胱甘肽还原酶glutathione reductase，GR
邻香豆酸ocoumaric acid
邻近细胞neighbouring cell
免疫immune
角质蒸腾cuticular transpiration
系统获得性抗性systemic acquired resistance 系统肽systemin
冻害freezing injury
库sink
库强sink strength
应变素allergens
冷击蛋白cold shock protein
冷响应蛋白cold responsive protein
冷害chilling injury
间质stroma
泛醌ubiquinone,UQ
泛醌氧化还原酶ubiquinone oxidoreductase
完熟ripening
初生壁primary wall
初级共运转primary cotransport
识别recognition
层积处理stratification
张力tension
阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白arabinogalactan protein
阿斯匹林aspirin
驱动蛋白kinesin
纺锤体spindle
八画
环式光合磷酸化cyclic photophosphorylation 环式电子传递cyclic electron transport
环境污染environmental pollution
环腺苷酸cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP 环脂肪酸cyclic fatty acid
环割试验girdling experiment
表面张力surface tension，
表异构酶epimerase
表观光合速率apparent photosynthetic rate
表观库强apparent sink strength
顶端优势apical dominance
茉莉酸jasmonic acid，JA
茉莉酸甲酯methyl jasmonate，MeJA
茉莉酸类jasmonates
苯丙氨酸phenylalanine
苯丙氨酸解氨酶phenylalanine ammonia lyase 苯乙酸phenylactic acid
苹果酸malate,Mal
苹果酸酶malic enzyme
苹果酸代谢学说malate bolism theory
苹果酸合成酶malate synthetase
苹果酸脱氢酶malic acid dehydrogenase，
直链淀粉amylose
板块镶嵌模型plate mosaic model
刺激感受stimulus perception
刺激性单性结实stimulative parthenocarpy
矿质元素mineral element
矿质营养mineral nutrition
转运肽transit peptide
转基因植物transgenic plant
转醛醇酶transaldolase
转酮酶transketolase
转移细胞transfer cell,TC
转化酶invertase，
转录因子tranion factors
非环式光合磷酸化non cyclic photophosphorylation
非环式电子传递noncyclic electron transport
非堆叠区nonappressed region
果胶pectin
果胶物质pectic substances
果胶酶pectinase
果胶酸pectic acid
果糖1，6二磷酸fructose-1,6-bisphosphate,FBP
果糖1，6二磷酸酯酶fructose-1,6-bispho sphate phosphatase 果糖-6-磷酸fructose-6-phosphate,F6P
果糖激酶fructokinase
固氮酶nitrogenase
固定化细胞immobilized cells
呼吸速率respiratory rate
呼吸电子传递链respiratory electron transport chain
呼吸跃变respiratory climacteric
呼吸链respiratory chain
呼吸作用respiration
呼吸系数respiratory coefficient
呼吸底物respiratory substrate
吸呼效率respiratory ratio
呼吸商respiratory quotient，RQ
岩棉栽培rockwool culture
罗汉松内酯podolactone
物理信号physical signal
物候期phenological period
质蓝素plastocyanin，PC
质体plastid
质体醌plastoquinone，PQ，
质体小球plastoglobulus
质壁分离plasmolysis，
质壁分离复原deplasmolysis
质子动力proton motive force，pmf
质子泵proton pump
质外体apoplast
质外体运输apoplastic transport
质外体装载apoplasmic phloem loading
质外体途径apoplast pathway
受体receptor，，
受精作用fertilization
乳酸脱氢酶lactic acid dehydrogenase
乳酸发酵lactate fermentation
胁迫stress
胁迫激素stress hormone
胁变strain
周期性growth periodicity
鱼藤酮rotenone
饱和蒸气压saturation vapor pressure
夜间断night break
底物水平磷酸化substrate level phosphorylation 放热呼吸thermogenic respiration
放氧复合体oxygen evolving complex，
放射免疫检测法radioimmunoassay
放线菌素actinomycin D
净光合速率net photosynthetic rate
净同化率net assimilation rate,NAR，
育性转化fertility change
性别表达sex expression
单“S”形生长曲线single sigmoid growth curve 单盐毒害toxiciy of single salt
单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody
单酚氧化酶monophenol oxidase
单倍体无配子生殖haploid apogamr
单倍体孤雄生殖haploid androgenesis
单倍体孤雌生殖haploid parthenogenesis
单向传递体uniport
单性结实parthenocarpy
法呢基焦磷酸farnesyl pyrophosphate，
油菜素brassin
油菜素内酯brassinolide，BR
油菜素甾体类化合物brassinosteroids
油酸oleic acid
油体oil body
油体蛋白oleosins
泥炭培养peat culture
空种皮技术empty seed coat technique
衬质matrix
衬质势matrix potential
衬质水势matrix water potential
降解breakdown
线性期linear phase
线粒体mitochondria，
细菌叶绿素bacteriochlorophyll
细胞克隆cell clone
细胞板cell plate
细胞松弛素B cytochalasin B
细胞融合cell fusion
细胞浆cytosol
细胞器cell organelle
细胞骨架cytoskeleton
细胞繁殖cell reproduction
细胞质环流cyclosis
细胞质基质cytoplasmic matrix
细胞质膜plasma membrane
细胞全能性totipotency
细胞分裂素cytokinin，CTK
细胞分裂素氧化酶cytokinin oxidase
细胞分化cell differentiation
细胞膜cell membrane
细胞周期cell cycle
细胞色素cytochrome，Cyt
细胞色素氧化酶cytochrome oxidase
细胞衰老cellular aging
细胞液cell sap
细胞学说cell theory
细胞壁cell wall
孤立体系isolated system
孢粉素pollenin
孢子体型不亲和sporophyric self incompatibility,SSI
九画
春化素vernalin
春化作用vernalization
封闭体系closed system
指数期logarithmic phase
草酰乙酸oxaloacetic acid，OAA
荧光fluorescence
荧光猝灭剂fluorescence quencher，
胡萝卜素carotene
枯斑necrotic spot
相互竞争allelospoly
相生相克它感作用allelopathy
相关性correlation
相对生长速率relative growth rate，RGR
相对自由空间relative free space,RFS
柠檬酸循环citric acid cycle
柠檬酸合成酶citrate synthase
砂培sand culture
砂基培养法sand culture method
砂砾栽培gravel culture
临界日长critical daylength
临界暗期critical dark period
钙调蛋白钙调素calmodulin,CaM，
氢醌hydroquinone
氢化酶hydrogenase
选择吸收selective absorption
种子劣变seed deterioration
种子生活力seed viability
种子休眠seed dormancy
种子的寿命seed longevity
种子活力seed vigor
秋水仙素colchicine，
重力势gravitational potential
重力水gravitational water
复种指数multiple crop index
复合脂类complex lipids
顺乌头酸酶aconitase
保卫细胞guard cell
信号转导signal transduction，
信息传递message transportation
胚芽鞘coleoptile
胚柄suspensor
胚状体embryoid
胚胎萌发viviparous germination，vivipary
胚胎晚期丰富蛋白late embryogenesis abundant protein,LEA 胚胎发生embryogenesis
胞间连丝plasmodesma
胞间层intercellular layer
亲和性compatibility
亲和力affinity
类胡萝卜素carotenoid
类胡萝卜素途径carotenoid pathway
类囊体thylakoid
前质体proplastid，
前馈活化feedforward activation
逆境environmental stress
逆境逃避stress avoidance
逆境乙烯stress ethylene
逆境蛋白stress protein
逆境忍耐stress tolerance
总光合速率gross photosynthetic rate
活化酶activase
活性氧active oxygen，
染色体chromosome
染色质chromatin
染色单体chromatid
穿梭运动shuttle streaming
诱导酶induced enzyme，
诱导性单性结实induced parthenocarpy
昼夜节律circadian rhythm
昼夜周期性daily periodicity
结构酶constitutive enzyme
结合态淀粉合成酶granule bound starch synthase 结合蛋白binding protein
绝对生长速率absolute growth rate，AGR
十画
顽拗性种子recalcitrant seed
载体carrier
载色体chromatophore
盐碱土saline and alkaline soil
盐逆境蛋白salt stress protein
盐溶清蛋白globulin
盐害salt injury
热电偶thermocouple
热休克蛋白热激蛋白heat shock proteins,HSPs
热害heat injury
热力学thermodynamics
莽草酸shikimic acid
真核生物eukaryote
真核细胞eukaryotic cell
真光合速率true photosynthetic rate
核基质nuclear matrix
核酮糖1，5二磷酸ribulose BF-1,5-bisphosphate,BFQ RuBP
核酮糖1，5二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶BFQ ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxyla se/oxygenase，Rubisco
核酮糖-5-磷酸ribulose-5-phosphate,Ru5P
核酮糖-5-磷酸表异构酶 ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase
核酮糖-5-磷酸激酶ribulose-5-phosphate kinase,Ru5PK
核小体nucleosome
核仁nucleolus
核质nucleoplasm
核膜nuclear membrane
核糖=5-磷酸ribose-5-phosphate,R5P
核糖-5-磷酸异构酶ribose-5-phosphate isomerase
核糖体ribosome
核液karyolymph
核孔nuclear pore
根压root pressure
根冠比root top ratio,R/T
砾培gravel culture
原核生物prokaryote
原核细胞prokaryotic cell
原果胶protopectin
原生质protoplasm
原生质体protoplast
原初电子供体primary electron donor
原初电子受体primary electron acceptor1
原初反应primary reaction
原初主动运转primary active transport
原发优势primigenic dominance
配子体型不亲和gametophytic self incompatibility,GSI
致电泵electrogenic pump
圆球体spherosome
铁硫黄素蛋白iron sulfur flavoprotein
铁硫蛋白iron sulfur protein
铁氧还蛋白ferredoxin,Fd
铁氧还蛋白-NADP+还原酶 ferredoxin-NADP+reductase，FNR
氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation
氧自由基oxygen free radical
氧饱和点oxygen saturation point
1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid,ACC
氨基酮戊酸aminolevulinic acid
氨基氧乙酸aminooxyacetic acid,AOA
氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸 aminoethoxyvinyl glycine,AVG
缺绿症chlorosis
敌草隆Diuron,DCMU
爱默生增益效应Emerson enhancement effect
脂氧合酶lipoxygenase,
脂肪酸fatty acid
胶体colloid
胼胝质callose
衰老senescence
衰老相关基因senescence associated gene
衰老特定基因senescence specific gene
衰减期senescence phase
高尔基体Golgi body
高效液相层析high performance liquid chromatography 高温胁迫high temperature stress
病原菌disease producing germ
病原相关蛋白pathogenesis related proteins,PRs，
病原物causal organism
病害disease
离区abscission zone
离层abscission layer
离子载体抑制剂ionophore depressant
离子颉颃ion antagonism
离子交换ion exchange
离子通道ion channel
凋亡apoptosis
凋亡小体apoptotic body
涝害flood injury
酒精发酵alcohol fermentation
流动镶嵌模型fluid mosaic model
被动运输passive transport
被动吸水passive absorption of water
被动吸收passive absorption
能荷energy charge
能量梯度energy gradient
通道channel
继代培养subculture
十一画
堆叠区appressed region
授粉pollination
培养基medium
接触态建成thigmomorphogenesis
接触交换contact exchange
基态ground state
基因组genomes
基质matrix
基质片层stroma lamella
基质类囊体stroma thylakoid
基粒granum
基粒片层grana lamella
基粒类囊体grana thylakoid
基细胞basal cell
黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide,FAD
黄素单核苷酸flavin mononucleotide,FMN
黄化现象etiolation
黄质醛xanthoxin,
萘基邻氨甲酰苯甲酸naphthyphthalamic acid
萘氧乙酸naphthoxyacetic acid
萘乙酸naphthalene acetic acid,NAA,
萌发germination
萝卜酰胺raphanusamide
萝卜宁raphanusanin
萎蔫wilting
菊芋素heliangint
营养转移nutrient diversion
营养生长vegetative growth
营养膜技术nutrient film technique,NFT
梅勒反应Mehler's reaction
副卫细胞subsidiary cell
酚氧化酶phenol oxidase
辅酶A coenzyme A,CoA
辅助色素accessory photosynthetic pigments
悬浮培养suspension culture
甜菜碱betaines
第二信使second messenger
敏感性sensitivity
偶联因子coupling factor
偶联部位coupled site
偏向受精preferential fertilization
假环式光合磷酸化pseudocyclic photopho sphorylation 假环式电子传递pseudocyclic electron transport
脯氨酸proline,Pro，
脯氨酸甜菜碱prolinebetaine
脱落abscission
脱落素abscisin
脱落酸abscisic acid,ABA
脱支酶debranching enzyme
脱分化dedifferentiation
脱羧作用decarboxylation
阈时presentation time
羟基丙酮酸还原酶hydroxypyruvate reductase
羟脯氨酸hydroxyproline，Hyp
粘性plasticity
粘附力adhesion
JP粗糙型内质网rough endoplasmic reticulum,RER JP
烯醇化酶enolase
液晶态liquid crystalline state
液泡膜tonoplast
淀粉酶amylase
淀粉磷酸化酶starch phosphorylase
淀粉体amyloplast，
淀粉合成酶starch synthase
淀粉粒starch grain
渗透势osmotic potential
渗透吸水osmotic absorption of water
渗透作用osmosis
渗透胁迫osmotic stress
渗透调节osmotic adjustment
寄主host
寄主特异毒素host specific toxin
密度density
弹性胁变elastic strain
蛋白磷酸酯酶protein phosphatase
蛋白激酶protein kinase，
隐花植物cryptogamia
隐花色素cryptochrome，
维持呼吸maintenance respiration
维管束鞘细胞bundle sheath cell，BSC
绿色荧光蛋白green fluorescent protein
绿色硫细菌green sulfur bacteria
十二画
琥珀酸硫激酶succinic thiodinase
琥珀酸脱氢酶succinic dehydrogenase
琥珀酸:泛醌氧化还原酶 succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase 超氧化物歧化酶superoxide dismutase,SOD
颉颃作用antagonism
插入蛋白integral protein
葡聚糖ployglucosan
葡萄糖-6-磷酸glucose-6-phosphate,G6P
葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
植醇phytol
植物生长物质plant growth substance
植物生长调节剂plant growth regulator
植物激素plant hormone
植物组织培养plant tissue culture
植保素phytoalexin
硝酸还原酶nitrate reductase，NR
硫氧还蛋白thioredoxin
硫胺素焦磷酸thiamine pyrophosphate
硫脂sulpholipid
硫辛酸lipoic acid
雄性素androecious line
雄性生殖单位male gerem unit，MGU
暂时萎蔫temporary wilting
紫黄质violaxanthin
紫外线诱导蛋白UV induced protein
紫色硫细菌purple sulfur bacteria
紫色非硫细菌purple nonsulfur bacteria
量子需要量quantum requirememt
量子效率quantum efficiency
量子产额quantum yield
喷灌spray irrigation
景天科酸代谢crassulacean acid bolism,CAM
景天庚酮糖-1，7-二磷酸sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate，SBP
景天庚酮糖-1，7-二磷酸酯酶sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase，SBPase
景天庚酮糖-7-磷酸sedoheptulose-7-phosphate，S7P
蛭石栽培vermiculaponics
短日植物short-day plant
短 长日植物short-long day plant
氰化物cyanide
氯丁唑多效唑，PP333,paclobutrazol
4-氯吲哚乙酸4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid
氯氟代烃chlorofluorocarbous
2-氯乙基膦酸2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid
稀土元素rare earth element
筛管sieve tube
筛管装载sieve loading
筛管分子sieve element
筛管分子 伴胞复合体sieve element companion cell，CC
集光色素light harvesting pigment
集体效应group effect
集流mass flow
焦磷酸磷酸果糖激酶 pyrophosphate phosphofructokinase
湿害waterlogging
温周期现象thermoperiodicity
温度补偿点temperature compensation point
游离型生长素free auxin270
富含羟脯氨酸的糖蛋白hydroxyproline rich glycoprotein，HRGP
强迫休眠epistotic dormancy
十三画
蓝光效应blue light effect
蒸气压梯度vapor pressure gradient
蒸腾拉力transpirational pull
蒸腾速率transpiration rate
蒸腾作用transpiration
蒸腾系数transpiration coefficient
蒸腾效率transpiration ratio
蒸腾流-内聚力-张力学说 transpiration-cohesion tension theory
蒸发vaporization
α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合体α-ketoglutaric acid dehydrogenase complex 酪氨酸酶tyrosinase
感震性seismonasty
感受perception
感受蛋白sensor protein
感夜性nyctinasty
感性运动nastic movement
感温性thermonasty
4-碘苯氧乙酸4-iodo phenoxy acetic acid
雾培spray culture
暗呼吸dark respiration
暗反应dark reaction
跨膜蛋白transmembrane protein
蜂蜡醇myricylalcohol
嵴cristae
锯木培sawdust culture
矮壮素氯化氯胆碱chlorocholine chloride，CCC
微量元素minorelement
微团micell
微管microtubule
微管蛋白tubulin
微体microbody
微注射法microinjection technique
微梁系统microtrabecular system
微纤丝microfibril
微丝microfilament
愈伤组织callus
腺苷三磷酸酶adenosine triphosphatase，ATPase
腺苷酸激酶adenylate kinase
解偶联剂uncoupler
新黄质neoxanthin
2羧基3酮基阿拉伯糖醇1，5二磷酸2-carboxy-3-ketoarabinitol-1,5-bispho sphate
2羧基D阿拉伯糖醇1磷酸 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol1phosphate
羧化效率carboxylation efficiency
羧化阶段carboxylation phase
塑性胁变plastic strain
源source
源-库单位source-sink unit
源强source strength
溶酶体lysosome
溶质势solute potential
溶胶sol
溶液培养法solution culture method
叠氮化物azide
十四画
聚光色素复合体light harvesting pigment complex
蔗糖磷酸磷酸酯酶sucrose phosphate phosphatase
蔗糖磷酸合成酶sucrose phosphate synthase,SPS
蔗糖－质子共运输蛋白sucrose-H＋symporter,
蔗糖合成酶sucrose synthase,SS
碱土alkaline soil
碳酸酐酶carbonic anhydrase,CA
碳同化carbon dioxide assimilation
酶联免疫吸附检测法enzyme linked immunoso rbent assay
酶复合体enzyme complex198
酶放大的免疫鉴定法enzyme amplified immunoassay
酸生长理论acid growth theory
酸化作用acidification
需水量water requirement
雌蕊pistil
雌雄同株同花植物hermaphroditic plant
雌雄同株异花植物monoecious plant
雌雄异株植物dioecious plant
雌性生殖单位female germ unit
雌性系gynoeciousline
锻炼hardening
膜动转运cytosis
膜不饱和脂肪酸指数unsaturated fatty acid index
膜片钳patch clamp,PC
膜间空间intermembrane space
腐胺putrescine
精胺spermine
漫灌wild flooding irrigation
滴灌drip irrigation
滴漏式hourglass
寡霉素oligomycin
寡糖素oligosaccharin
缩合酶condensing enzyme
十五画
增效作用synergism
醇溶谷蛋白prolamin
潜在库强potential sink strength
缬氨霉素valinomycin
十六画
操纵子operon
燕麦试法avena test
薄层层析thin layer chromatography
整形素morphactin
整合integration
醛缩酶aldolase
膨压turgor pressure
膨压素turgorins
膨压运动turgor movement
凝聚condensation
凝集素lectins
凝胶gel
糖酵解glycolysis
糖脂glycolipid
激素受体hormone receptor
激动素kinetin，KT
激发态excited state
激发子elicitor
激子传递exciton transfer
十七画
磷酸运转器pi translocator，PT
3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase 磷酸甘油酸phosphoglycerate，PGA
磷酸甘油酸变位酶phosphoglyceromutase
磷酸甘油酸激酶phosphoglyceric kinase,PGK
磷酸葡萄糖酸phosphogluconate
6-磷酸葡萄糖酸内酯6-phosphogluconolactone
6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
磷酸葡萄糖变位酶phosphoglucomutase
磷酸蔗糖合成酶sucrose phosphate synthetase,SPS
磷酸丙糖运转器triose phosphate translocator
磷酸丙糖异构酶phosphotrioseisomerase
磷酸酯酶phosphatase
磷酸水解酶phosphorhydrolase
磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸phosphenolpruvate，PEP
磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase，PEPC 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶PEP carboxykinase
磷酸乙醇酸磷酸脂酶phosphoglycolate phosphatase
磷酸己糖异构酶phosphohexoseisomerase
磷光phosphorescence
磷脂phospholipid
磷脂酰甘油phosphatidylglycerol
磷脂酰胆碱phosphatidylcholine
磷脂酰肌醇phosphatidylinositol,PI
磷脂酰乙醇胺phosphatidylethanolamine
磷脂酰丝氨酸phosphatidylserine
磷脂酶phos pholipase
十九画
藻蓝蛋白phycocyanin
藻胆素phycobilin
藻红蛋白phycoerythrin
二十二画
囊腔lumen。