2021届菏泽市曹县一中高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案

2021届菏泽市曹县一中高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.
A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."
Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.
The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.
Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.
Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.
Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.
1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"
A. on one's own
B. at no time
C. at the same time
D. by accident
2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .
A. saving time
B. a shortened attention span
C. lower grades at school
D. depression and anxiety
3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Media multitasking is becoming more popular
B. Multitasking shrinks the brain
C. Multitasking may shorten attention span
D. People are worried about their memories.
B
People saved a 20-foot orca (虎鲸) that was stuck between rocks on an Alaskan shore by continuously pouring water over it and protecting it from birds who circled above the defenseless whale.
The whale was ultimately saved after a six-hour, labor-intensive life-saving operation. Someone spotted the large whale on the Prince of Wales Island near the coast of British Columbia on the morning of July 29th. The Coast Guard was called around 9 a.m. local time. Chance Strickland, the captain of a private yacht in Alaska, and his crew anchored and began life-saving action that were videoed by Aroon Melane and posted on the Internet.
Strickland could hear the orca calling out to killer whales swimming in the area. People on other boats stopped with water and buckets to pour water over the animal. “There were tears coming out of its eyes,” Mr. Strickland told the local newspaper. “It was pretty sad.”
The group of people formed a chain that passed buckets of seawater back and forth and poured the water on the orca, which seemed to liven it up. It made a noise and raised its tail when it got water.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) was called in, which can be seen on the video using a machine to spray amist of seawater on the orca, which doubled as a way to keep the whale cool and scare the large group of birds that were hoping to feast on the beast.
Melane said in her video that the orca was stranded (搁浅) for about six hours until the tide came in andswept it back into the ocean. The group efforts of Strickland’s crew and the NOAA saved the 13-year-old killer whale.
4. Why did birds circle above the orca?
A. They were eager to eat it.
B. They wished to protect it.
C. They were attracted by the people.
D. They wanted to find a place to rest.
5. What did Strickland do immediately after finding the whale?
A. Posted pictures online.
B. Called friends for help.
C. Took action to save it.
D. Videoed the trapped animal.
6. Why did the whale make a noise and raise its tail?
A. To express its eager for water.
B. To extend its thanks to people.
C. To call out to its fellow whales.
D. To show its power and sadness.
7. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Killer Whale Got Saved
B. The Orca Inspired Kindness
C. Combined Efforts Wanted
D. Animals and Humans United
C
There is an old army joke about an officer who asks some soldiers whether any of them are interested in music. When four hands go up, the officer says, “Right, men. You can carry this grand piano down to the officers mess.”
Job recruitment has become more complicated since that story first did the rounds. Today's careers require a lot more than just raw music but that sometimes makes jobs hard to define. An unfortunate result is a form of “adjective inflation” in recruitment ads as employers attempt to make routine tasks sound exciting.
Candidates must sometimes wonder whether they are applying for a 9-to-5-role or to become a member of the Marvel “Avengers”. On Indeed, a job-bunting website, a bar was recently looking for "bartenders who are people focused, quality-driven, and have superhero hospitality powers". The ability to give customers the correct change was not mentioned.
Another British company advertised for “a call-centre ninja, a superhero in people", a Job description which sounds a little over-the top for what was in fact a role at an insurance company in Isleworth. In case you think that ad was not typical. Indeed also had jobs demanding “ninja-like attention to detail". Short of turning up for the interview dressed head-to-toe in black, and then sneaking up behind the managing director at his desk, it is hard to see how candidates could show their ninja qualities.
Not all companies require candidates to possess the qualities of a ninja, of course. Some require applicants to be passionate. The Bluewater shopping mall in southeastEnglandwas looking for “passionate sales-driven brand ambassadors” while “passionate crew members” were needed at a bakery in westLondonfor a wage of just £8. 23 an hour. In fact, passion is pretty hard to keep consistently for 40 hours a week, month after month. Job applicants should find some information from the kind of ads that companies place. If a job ad talks about passion or superheroes, run away faster than a speeding Batmobile. Being a ninja should be reserved for teenage mutant
ninja turtles.
8. Why does the author mention the joke in Paragraph 1?
A. To show that officers enjoy playing tricks on soldiers.
B. To introduce the topic of overstated job ads.
C. To explain the origin of complex job ads.
D. To describe soldiers' everyday life.
9. Which of the following offers a job demanding ninja qualities?
A. The bar.
B. The bakery.
C. The insurance company.
D. The Bluewater shopping mall.
10. What does the author say about the ads requiring passion?
A. They are unrealistic.
B. They are typical of want ads.
C. They are appealing to applicants.
D. They are uncommon on Indeed.
11. How does the author sound when talking about today’s job ads?
A. Curious.
B. Hesitant.
C. Humorous.
D. Sympathetic.
D
Happiness is not a warm phone, according to anew study exploring the link between young life satisfaction and screen time. The study was led by professor of psychology Jean M. Twenge at San Diego State University (SDSU).
To research this link, Twenge, along with colleagues Gabrielle Martin at SDSU and W. Keith Campbell at the University of Georgia, dealt with data from the Monitoring the Future (MtF) study, a nationally representative survey of more than a million U. S. 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders. The survey asked students questions about how often they spent time on their Phones, tablets and computers, as well as questions about their face-to-face social interactions and their overall happiness.
On average found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices — playing computer games, using social media, texting and video chatting — were less happy than those who invested more time in non-screen activities like sports, reading newspapers and magazines, and face-to-face social interactions.
"The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use," Twenge said. "Aim to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media, and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face-to-face and exercising — two activities reliably linked to greater happiness."
Looking at historical trends from the same age groups since the 1990s, it's easy to find that the increase of screen devices over time happened at the same time as a general drop-off in reported happiness inU. S.teens. Specifically, young peopled life satisfaction and happiness declined sharply after 2012. That's the year when the percentage of Americans who owned a smartphone rose above 50 percent. By far the largest change in teens' lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media, and the following decline in in-person social activities and sleep.
12. Which method did Twenge's team use for the study?
A. Calculating students' happiness.
B. Asking students certain questions.
C. Analyzing data from a survey.
D. Doing experiments on screen time.
13. How does the author develop the finding of the study in paragraph 3?
A. By making a comparison.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making an argument.
D. By introducing a concept.
14. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To draw a conclusion from the study.
B. To offer some advice to the readers.
C. To prove social activities' importance.
D. To support the researchers' finding.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Quitting Phones Equals Happiness
B. Screen Time Should Be Banned
C. Teens' Lives Have Changed Sharply
D. Screen-addicted Teens Are Unhappier
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项When you're meeting someone for the first time, you're eager to make a good impression.____16____
★Shake hands firmly
Weak handshakes can make you seem shy and anything but confident. Your handshake should be firm but not too tight. You won't impress anyone by giving them a painful hand.
★____17____
Stand up straight, but don'ttighten up, or you may look nervous. Make sure to check your posture and straighten up as needed.
★Keep a suitable amount of eye contact
____18____. Not only are you paying attention, but you're interested as well. Whenever there is a natural pause in theconversation, feel free to casually glance at something else. Eye contact is good, but nonstop staring can be a little unsettling!
★Nod and smile when appropriate
Try nodding three times to show that you're really absorbing what he is saying.____19____,make sure it reaches your eyes! If you turn up the comers of your mouth but your eyes remain neutral, you could leave a bad impression.
★Laugh genuinely
Even if you're in a formal setting ,if he has clearly said something that was intended to encourage alaugh, laugh!____20____, and you're listening to what he is saying. If you're in a worrying or nervous situation, laughter is a great way to help you look cheerful.
A.Keep your posture relaxed
B. When it comes to smiling
C. Keep your feet close together
D. This applies to both sitting and standing
E. Show him that you have a sense of humor
F. Your body language can make a great difference
G. It is important to keep eye contact in a conversation
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Burdon decided to host an improvised(临时安排的)graduation ceremony (典礼) for her daughter Angela in their backyard. After hers was___21___due to COVID-19(新冠病毒)，Burdon wanted to make it up to his sorrow-stricken daughter in some way. Best of all, his daughter didn't___22___about it beforehand.
Angela wasn't the only one___23___by the cancellation; her father Burdon could hardly___24___his
daughter's sadness. The devoted dad___25___to host his own graduation ceremony for Angela in her___26___in Memphis rather than see his daughter's sorrow.
Over six weeks, Burdon___27___to reserve a photographer and a stage when his daughter knew nothing about it, which___28___her greatly.
When the___29___day finally came, Angela was shocked to find a full-sized stage waiting for her in her yard.
40 people____30____the ceremony, and it met COVID-19 prevention guidelines (防疫要求), all sitting six feet apart with____31____on, and her father even played sacred(神圣的)music as she walked up to get her ____32____.
"Angela never saw anything until she came out to____33____," Burdon said. "At that moment, I didn't have any worries. I was____34____. To see my baby walk across the____35____and all her friends, family, neighbors and people that we don't even know____36____in the street to witness this. I couldn't____37____anything better. "
"My daughter couldn’t have her official____38____due to the pandemic(流行病)so I____39____one for her !" "Now I am____40____that I made it happen!"
21. A. arranged B. celebrated C. cancelled D. delayed
22. A. know B. argue C. think D. care
23. A. spoiled B. upset C. frightened D. confused
24. A. believe B. sense C. know D. bear
25. A. determined B. promised C. hesitated D. preferred
26. A. classroom B. dormitory C. home D. hospital
27. A. claimed B. managed C. attempted D. failed
28. A. disappointed B. troubled C. annoyed D. surprised
29. A. busy B. final C. big D. common
30. A. attended B. expected C. admired D. hosted
31. A. dresses B. masks C. uniform D. make-up
32. A. cake B. prize C. offer D. diploma
33. A. wander B. walk C. greet D. examine
34. A. anxious B. cautious C. helpless D. satisfied
35. A. stage B. room C. street D. campus
36. A. travelled B. volunteered C. stopped D. waited
37. A. give away B. ask for C. agree with D. work out
38. A. welcome B. organization C. treatment D. graduation
39. A. created B. registered C. joined D. accepted
40. A. guilty B. confident C. proud D. optimistic
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Threatened by Arctic changes
Climate change may wipe out polar bears by the end of this century,___41.___recent report in the journalNature Climate Changesaid. However, unless more is done, their extinction is likely___42.___(come) earlier as their home may disappear.
According to Science Daily, theArctic, the only natural habitat for polar bears,___43.___(be) in danger. Sea ice in the area could disappear___44.___(complete) by 2035. This is undoubtedly bad news for this animal, as they use the___45.___(float) sea ice to hunt.
Scientists made this___46.___(predict) by using theUKclimate model. According to Science Daily, this model allowed researchers to compare Arctic sea ice conditions during the last interglacial period(间冰期)___47.___present day conditions. Researchers found that during the last interglacial period many shallow___48.___(pool) of water formed on the surface of the Arctic sea ice during spring and summer. These pools, known as melt ponds, played a key role in the melting of the sea ice. This is because___49.___there are larger areas of melt ponds, more heat is absorbed by sea ice, which causes it to melt___50.___(far). To save the northern-most region of Earth, what we should be doing is "focusing all our minds on achieving a low-carbon world".
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.改正下面句子中的错误。

每句有且仅有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在原句中缺词处加一个漏字符号（★）；在该句右边横线上写出应增加的词。

删除：在原句中把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉；在该句右边横线上写出应删除的词，并且也用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线；在该句右边横线上写出改正后的词。

例如：
增加I will pay attention★this problem next time. to
删除Because Linda studied very hard,soshe ranked first in the exam. so
改正Bob isahonest boy. an
Mental strength can truly make difference when our determination is tested.
My dad and I are both looking forward to see the Terracotta Army.
Studying hard isn’t always fun, but we shouldn’t lose the heart.
It is of great useful to us to learn from our failures.
Spending too much time online makes it difficult for teenagers to focus in other things in life.
There are many places of interest that we can visit them inChina.
As usually, my adviser helped me make a workable schedule.
Beijing Opera can date back Emperor Qianlong.
It was the first time that I have done cool experiments in the science lab.
Workers built shelters for those which lost their homes in the tsunami.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你叫李华，你和几位英语爱好者在互联网上建了一个叫easyenglish的网站。

请用英语写一篇推介信，向你校学生介绍这个网站。

要点如下；
1．创立网站的目的；
2．网站内容及功能(英语材料，聊天，展示交流等)；
3．感谢关注和号召使用。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好。

Dear fellow students,
My name is Li Hua and I'd like to introduce to you a new website--easyenglish. com.____________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
16. F 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. E
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32.
D 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. a 42. to come
43. is 44. completely
45. floating
46. prediction
47. to 48. pools
49. if 50. further
51.(1). make后加a
(2). see→seeing
(3). 去掉the (4). useful→use
(5). in→on (6). 去掉them
(7). usually→usual
(8). back后加to
(9). have→had
(10). which→who
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：当我们的决心受到考验时，精神力量真的会起作用。

make a difference有影响，这是一个固定短语，故在make 后加a。

【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。

句意：我爸爸和我都期待着看兵马俑。

look forward to doing 期待做某事，to是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故将see改为seeing。

【58题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我们不应该失去信心。

lose heart失去信心，这是一个固定短语，故去掉the。

【59题详解】
考查名词。

句意：从失败中吸取教训对我们是很有用的。

固定用法of +形容词+名词，这是一个固定用法，故将useful改为use。

【60题详解】
考查介词。

句意：花太多时间上网使青少年很难集中精力在生活的其他事情上。

focus on 集中注意力于......这是一个固定短语,故将in改为on。

【61题详解】
考查代词。

句意：在中国有许多我们可以参观的名胜古迹。

分析句子结构，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为places of interest，关系词在从句中作宾语，them多余，故将them去掉。

【62题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：像往常一样，我的导师帮我制定了一个可行的计划。

as usual像往常一样，这是一个固定短语,故将usually改为usual。

【63题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：京剧可以追溯到乾隆皇帝。

date back to 追溯到…，这是一个固定短语,故在back后加to。

【64题详解】
考查固定句型和时态。

句意：这是我第一次在科学实验室做很酷的实验。

It was +第几次+that从句，表示“某
人第几次做某事”，这是一个固定句型，that从句用过去完成时，故将have 改为had。

【65题详解】
考查定语从句的关系词。

句意：工人们为那些在海啸中失去家园的人建造了避难所。

分析句子结构，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为those，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，先行词为指人的those时，只能用who，不能用that，故将which改为who
52.略。