2021年牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit7 Grammar精品课件

C. is taught D. are taught
2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago.
A. hold
B. was held
C. were held D. is held
3. The thief ________ by the police last night.
Toys and CDs __a_r_e_s_o_l_d__to__r_a_is_e__m_o__n_ey
(sell/to raise money).
What they did last week
New books _w_e_r_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_c_h_i_l_d_re_n__i_n_p_o_o_r_ _a_r_e_a_s_b_y__th_e__C_l_a_s_s_1_,_G_r_a_d_e__8_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_s_ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).
Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really? Please tell me about it.
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___w_a_s_s_e_t_u__p(set up) in
the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam
把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态, 或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。
1. Tome often helps Jenny when she is in trouble. Jenny is often helped by Tom when she is in trouble.
2. I bought a computer last week. A computer was bought by me last week.
需要强调动作的承受者时。
The problem was talked about just now. 这个问题刚才被讨论过。
出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
Mr Wu is liked by all of his students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。
在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指 出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。
注意:
有些动词常用于被动语态。如： He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 The mobile phone was made in China. 这部手机是中国制造的。
1. Today English _______ all over China.
A. teach
B. teaches
还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如: read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean 等。 The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很顺滑。 2. 在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式
was made the story
the teacher.
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但是在被动 语态中要加上to。
主动 语态
主语
The teacher
谓语(主动 式)
made
宾语 him
不带to的 不定式
retell the story.
被动 语态
原宾语 (改为主 格)
谓语(被动 式)
带to的 不定式
to retell
by
原主语 (改为宾 格)
He
shop _w_a__s_o_p_e_n_e_d(open) in 1948. Now
it has about 15,000 shops in all over the
world. A lot of things ______a_r_e_s(osledll) in
Oxfam shops, including books. The
1. The cake was eaten by Daniel. 2. Nancy bought a book yesterday. 3. The little dog is looked after very well
by Simon. 4. He is reading English. 5. The computer is bought by my uncle. 6. I am woken up by my father every
help, millions of poor children all
over the country __a_r_e__g_iv_e_n_ (give) basic
education.
Amy: Yea. Many schools _a_r_e__b_u_il_t__ (build) in poor areas each year.
2. The plane is also used as a training center.
3. Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations.
4. …, 150 patients are operated on.
3. The whole cake was eaten by Eddie yesterday. Eddie ate the whole cake yesterday.
4. Many trees are planted by students and teachers every year. Students and teachers plant many tress every year.
(hold/the Students’ Union).
Amy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.
by
被动 A book was passed语态原间宾 (改为来自 格)谓语(被动 式)
I
was passed
原直 宾
by a
book
原主语(改 为宾 格)him.
原主语(改 为宾格) him.
注意:
1. 有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意 义。如: 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。 The dish smells good. 这道菜闻起来很香。 The music sounds nice. 这段音乐听起来不错。
Warm clothes _w_e_r_e_c_o_l_le_c_t_e_d_f_o_r_p_o_o_r__p_e_o_p_le_ (collect/for poor people).
A charity show
_w_a_s__h_e_ld__b_y__th__e_S_t_u_d_e_n_t_s_’_U__n_io_n_
5. She takes good care of the children. The children are taken good care of by her.
A. caught
B. is caught
C. was caught D. were caught
4. The photos _______ when I was young.
A. were taken
B. was taken
C. are taken
D. is taken
5. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to her
被动语态的基本构成
主语
I
一般现在 时
You/We/They
He/She/It
I
一般过去
时
You/We/They
He/She/It
be动词 过去分词 am are supported. is was were supported. was
Underline the passive voice in the following sentences.
party.
A. is invited
B. am invited
C. are invited
D. was invited
6. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm.
A. is hit
B. were hit
C. will be hit
D. was hit
主动语态和被动语态的句式转换
主动 主语 语态 She
谓语(主动式) hurt
宾语 me.
被动 语态
原宾语(改 为主格)
I
谓语(被动式) was hurt
原主语(改 by 为宾格)
her.
主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换
主动 主语 语态 He
谓语(主动 式)
passed
间宾 me
直宾 a book.
原直宾
谓语(被动 式)
to me
morning.
被动语态的基本用法
None of the books was taken away. 没有一本书被拿走。
动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
The toy is designed for children. 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。
在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。
Passive voice in the simple present and past tenses
hand out the leaflet 分发, 提出 n. 传单, 散页印刷品
Translate the following sentence into Chinese.
1. …, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented and cured.
What they do every year
1. Charity activities _a_re__p_la_n__n_e_d_t_o_h_e_l_p__th_e__p_o_o_r_ (plan/to help the poor).
Leaflets _a_r_e_h_a_n_d_e_d__o_u_t_t_o_p__eo_p__le__ _in__t_h_e_s_t_re_e_t_b__y_v_o_l_u_n_te_e_r_s_____ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).
money ______is_u(usesde) by Oxfam to help
poor people.
Daniel: That’s good. There are also some
charity projects in China. One of
them _i_s_c_a_l_l_e_d (call) Project Hope. It w__a_s_s_t_a_r_t_e_d (start) in 1989. With its
语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓 语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动 语态和被动语态。 当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当 主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：
We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。