元音部分

元音部分前元音[i:]英语元音和汉韵母表中的i 的发音相似。

发这个音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，但比汉语普通话的“i”音稍低，没有摩擦。

嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。

[i:]在英语单词中常见字母组合:ee — bee deed need feed speed screen cheese steel knees green breezee — be me he she these completeea — tea each read clean cream neat meal leave breathe mean peace pleaseie — piece field thief chief grief beliefi — machine police suite前元音[i]将舌的前部向硬颚抬起，位置比发[i:] 时略低。

牙床开得比[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一小食指尖。

舌、唇、頬要放松，唇形扁平。

[i]在英语单词中常见的字母组合:i — it fish dish sit kick did pick win kill limit miss milk give whichy — city pity chilly simply snowy rainy silly ready partye — wanted needed basket kindness careless classes boxes expect become音素比较。

[i:] [i] [i:] [i] [i:] [i] [i:] [i]leave live feel fill wheat wit reach richpeak pick meal mill beat bit least list前元音[e]发这个音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低，牙床开得地[i] 宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指，唇形中常，发短音。

[e] 在英语单词中常见的拼法e —set pet bed egg went web net get beg deck kept left neck nestea — head dead breast breath spread bread heavy measure healtha — any many Thames音素比较：[i] [e] [i] [e] [i] [e]pit pet fill fell wit wetwin when will well till tell前元音[æ]舌尖抵下齿，舌身平放，双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形。

张开牙床直至上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。

[æ] 在英语单词中常见的拼法a — hat bag back has glad catch thank planned fact bat flat map carry happy音素比较[e] [æ] [e] [æ] [e] [æ]set sat ate at head hadbed bad mess mass guess gas[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [i:] [i] [e] [æ]seat sit set sat lead lid led ladeat it ate at keep kick kept capheed hid head had feet fit fetch fat后元音[ɑ:]发音时，口张大，发似汉语“啊”的音，但舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿。

发长音。

[ɑ:] 在英语单词中常见的拼法：a — father pass past ask after plant classar — car park dark bark march staral — calm palm half calfau — aunt laughear — heart hearth音素比较[ɑ:] [æ] [ɑ:] [æ] [ɑ:] [æ]cart cat bark back heart hathard had art at harm hammarch match lark lack master matter后元音[ʌ]舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿，开口程度[æ]相似，双唇向两旁平伸。

舌身在口内下部呈放松状，舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿，发短音。

[ʌ] 在英语单词中常见的拼法：u —cut up much must dull hurry punish duck trusto —son love front come color mother nothing noneou — touch couple young cousin trouble courage southernoo — blood flood音素比较[ɑ:] [ʌ] [ɑ:] [ʌ] [ɑ:] [ʌ]cart cut heart hut fan funmarch much card cud ran runcalf cuff harm hum mad mud后元音[ɔ]口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆。

[ɔ] 在英语单词中常见的拼法：o —dog dot gone not shop soft song knock boss box fonda —（在w之后）want wash what watch wander swampou, ow — cough knowledgeau — because cauliflower sausage Australia Austria音素比较[ɔ] [ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɑ:]hot heart god guard; hop harpshop sharp dot dart; cod cardcough calf lost last; gloss glass后元音[ɔ:]舌后部抬得比[ɔ]略高，双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出。

发长音。

[ɔ:] 在英语单词中常见的拼法：or, ore — short born corn horse storm morning before shoreaw, au — saw lawn straw yawn fault cause daughter taughtough, augh — ought bought thought sought fought taughta, al — water warm all wall talk chalk walk salt falseoor, oar, our — door floor board hoarse four court音素比较[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:]cart cot caught lard lot lorddarn don dawn card cod cordpart pot port sharp shop short后元音[u]发[u]音时，舌后部向软颚抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。

双唇收圆，稍向前突出。

[u]在英语单词中常见的拼法：u —put push pull bush push fulloo — look book took cook good wood stood foot brooko — woman wolf bosomou — could would should后元音[u:]发[u:]音时，双唇较[u]收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比[u]抬得更高，口腔肌肉要始终保持紧张状态。

发长音。

[u:]在英语单词中常见的拼法：oo — food goose loose tooth cool tool spoon shooto — do who move lose prove tombu — rude rule June July nude attitude instituteou — soup group woundue, ui, oe — true blue juice fruit shoeew — chew grew flew screw blew crew音素比较[u:] [u] [ɑ:] [ʌ] [ɔ:] [ɔ]shoot should shark shut short shotnoon nook nasty none non northcool could carve cut cot courtwound wood vase won ward what中元音[ə]半张嘴，不圆唇。

舌身在口中处放松状态，发似汉语“e”音。

发短音。

[ə]在英语单词中常见的拼法：a, ar — again about China gentleman breakfast forwarde, er — pavement government modern better father personi —horrible possibleo, or, oar, our — method Europe effort doctor cupboard colorou, ur — famous murder murmur purposeu, ure — column support figure nature treasure pleasure中元音[ə:]发[ə:]音时，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起，比[ə]略高，牙床开得较窄。

发长音。

[ə:]在英语单词中常见的拼法：ir — bird girl first dirty thirsty shirt birder — her serve jerk stern term prefer personear — earth heard pearl search research learn earnur — hurt turn nurse church return nurse disturbor — word short work worse worth world worship音素比较[ə:] [ɔ:] [ʌ] [ə:]word ward cut curtwork walk cub kerbworm warm cud curdbird board gull girl双元音[ei]发单元音时，发音器官采取某一固定位置，自始置终保持同样的位置，直至发音结束。

但双元音是一个“滑音”，由发音器官从一个元音位置移动到另一个元音位置而构成。

发双元音时，发音器官以一个元音位置为起点，立刻朝着另一个元音位置的方向移动，构成一个音素。

从一开始到结束，中间存在着一个变化阶段，这就不同于单元音。