工程硕士英语unit10完型答案及翻译

Unit 10

Cloze Test B

The girl in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys. But researchers says, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of what the researchers call a major mew gender gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women says, “Girls tend to be less comfortable than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which to understand information.”

After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University Women researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls consistently rate themselves significantly lower than boys in their strength and confidence in using computers. And they use computers more often than boys outside the classroom.

An instructor of a computer lab says he’s already noticed some difference. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid they might do something that will harm the computer, whereas girls are afraid they might break it somehow.”

Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls’ computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould says, “The number one reason girls told us they don’t like computer games is not that they’re too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they’re incredibly boring.”

Purple Moon says it found what girls want: characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what’s going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, “What we definitely found from girls is that there is no intrinsic reason why they wouldn’t want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing.”

The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this: the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys must be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21 century.

1. A. passage通行 B. access有权力或机会进入

C. onset(坏事)开始

D. entrance入口

2. A. with B. at C. by D. on

3. A. that B. which C. this D. what

4. A. rather B. other C. except D. but

5. A. make up(组成) B. compose of C. comprise(包括) D. consist of

6. A. strength力量 B. ability 能力 C. idea 想法 D. advantage好处，优点

7. A. less often B. more often C. least often D. lesser often

8. A. caught B. got C. noticed D. diagnosed(诊断病症)

9. A. enhance提高，增加 B. change 改变 C. hurt 伤害 D. harm伤害;危害

10.A. anyway B. definitely C. somehow D. nevertheless

11.A. short B. after C. behind D. out

12.A. not that B. never C. but that D. however

13.A. incredulously不轻信地 B. incredibly难以相信地、十分地

C. credulously轻信地

D. credibly 可信地

14.A. possess B. dislike C. want D. give

15.A. what’s B. its C. that’s D. it is

16.A. self B. owe C. own D. kind

17.A. that B. why C. how D. what

18.A. up B. till C. on D. down

19.A. closed B. removed C. broken D. opened

20.A. efficiently B. effectively C. exactly D. surely

在加里福尼亚东Polo Alto地区，六年级的女孩都像男孩一样有机会接触计算机，但是研究者们说当她们学到高中的时候，她们是研究者称之为科技领域一个主要新的性别缺陷的牺牲品。美国大学妇女协会的简.韦曼说：“女孩不如男孩在使用计算机方面感到轻松自如，她们使用计算机多用于文字处理，而不是解决问题，也不是发现新方法去理解信息。”

经过对1000个研究的再次调查，美国大学妇女协会研究者发现女孩在计算机学科的班级中人数仅占小部分比例，女孩们一贯评价她们在应用计算机的能力和信心上大大低于男孩，她们在课外使用计算机通常少于男孩。

一个计算机实验室的指导说他已经注意到一些不同。Cesar Chavez学校的查尔斯说：“男孩不害怕做某些事可能会伤害到电脑，而不知为什么女孩害怕她们可能会破坏电脑。”

六年前，软件公司的Purple注意到女孩们对电脑的使用低于男孩，凯伦说：“第一个原因女孩说她们不喜欢电脑游戏，不是因为它们太暴力或对抗性。女孩们只是说它们非常令人厌烦。

Purple说通过女孩们不喜欢电脑游戏的原因，可以找到女孩所想的东西，她们能将游戏里的人物、台词和自己将来的生活联系起来。Purple Moon软件公司的凯伦说：“我们从女孩初确切地发现她们不喜欢电脑游戏没有固有的理由，它只是愉快的东西。”

这项研究的倡导者说，所有的这项研究都归纳为：如果在21世纪妇女能同男人有效地竞争，那么女孩与男孩之间有关科技方面性别的差异可以停止。