2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三六

Japanese commuters try new ways to deter gropers

日本通勤族尝试用新方法防止性骚扰

Victims are fighting back with apps,badges and invisible ink

受害者正在用应用程序、徽章和隐形墨水来反击

Throughout her20s,Yayoi Matsunaga was groped,almost daily,on packed rush-hour trains going to and from work.Three decades later,she discovered that her friend’s daughter was being molested on her commute to high school.

在松永弥生20多岁的时候，她几乎每天都会在上下班高峰拥挤的列车上被人骚扰。30年过去了，她发现她朋友的女儿仍会在上高中的通勤路上被人骚扰。

The teenager,after fruitless talks with the police and railway companies, decided to hang a sign from her bag that read:“Groping is a crime.I will not cry myself to sleep.”The groping stopped immediately.

在与警方和铁路部门交涉无果后，这名女孩决定在她的书包上挂一个牌子，上面写着：“性骚扰就是犯罪，我不会暗自哭泣的。”效果立竿见影。

Inspired,Ms Matsunaga launched a crowdfunding campaign in2015to create badges with the same message.They proved as effective as the sign: nearly95%of users stopped experiencing groping on public transport, according to a survey.

受此启发，松永弥生在2015年发起了一项众筹活动，制作带有相同信息的徽章。事实证明，这些徽章和牌子是同样有效的：一项调查显示，近95％的佩戴了徽章的用户在公共交通工具上不再受到骚扰了。

Recent years have seen a flurry of innovations in the fight against groping —chikan in Japanese—in addition to the many train services that offer carriages which only women can use,or have installed ceiling cameras in the hope of catching molesters on film.

近年来，日本掀起了一场反对性骚扰的革新浪潮，除了提供女性专用车厢的列车服务外，有些车厢还在车顶装了摄像头，以期能拍到骚扰者。

Nari Woo and Remon Katayama of QCCCA,a startup,have launched “Chikan Radar”,an app that enables users to report groping and thus see where it is common.Since its launch in August,981cases have been reported across Japan.

初创公司QCCCA的Nari Woo和Remon Katayama推出了一款名为“骚扰雷达”的应用程序，用户可以将自己受骚扰的情况上报至该应用上，从而让人们了解哪些地方的骚扰情况比较严重。该应用自今年8月份推出以来已在日本全国各地收到了981例报告。The Tokyo Metropolitan Police have also created an app,“Digi Police”, that,when activated,screams“Stop it!”and produces a full-screen message that says:“There is a molester.Please help.”

东京都警察局还开发了一款名为“数字警察”的应用程序，该应用程序在被激活时会大声发出“住手！”的声音，并会产生一条全屏信息，上面写着：“这里有一个性骚扰者，请帮帮我。”

Shachihata,a company that sells personal seals,has developed a stamp that allows victims to mark their attackers with invisible ink,which can be detected under ultraviolet light.A trial run of500anti-groping stamps, priced at¥2,500($23),sold out within30minutes.

旗牌公司（一家个人印章销售公司）开发了一款可以让受害者用隐形墨水标记性骚扰者的印章，这种隐形墨水只有在紫外线照射下才能被看到。500枚售价2500日元（约合23美元）的防狼印章在试售的30分钟内便售罄了。

There were2,943reported cases of groping in Japan in2017,mostly in Tokyo.The true number of victims is undoubtedly far higher.Surveys suggest that half or more of female commuters have experienced it, although only10%of victims report the crime to police.

2017年，日本共报告有2943起性骚扰案件，其中大部分都发生在东京。受害者的真实人数无疑要多得多。调查显示，尽管只有10％的受害者向警方报案了，但一半甚至更多的女性通勤者都有过类似的经历。

Some hold back out of fear and embarrassment;others because they do not want to be late for school or work.“We are socialised to think that groping is not a big deal,”says Ms Woo.

有些人因为害怕和尴尬而选择了退缩；另一些人则是因为不想上学或上班迟到。Woo说：“社会观念让我们认为，摸一下没什么大不了的。”

Groping has long been trivialised as a nuisance rather than a form of sexual assault,says Masako Makino of Ryukoku University.Offenders face up to six months in prison or fines of up to¥500,000.(The potential sentence rises to ten years if violence is involved.)