第三周限时训练(含答案)
七年级语文上册期末复习：积累与运用限时训练(三)(含答案)
2022-2023学年七年级语文上册期末复习积累与运用限时训练（三）时间：40分钟满分：70分一、字词综合(共5分)1．(本题5分)阅读下面的文字，回答后面的问题。
【甲】有一天，他的京城来了两个骗子，自称是织工，说能织出人间最美丽的布。
这种布不仅色彩和图案都分外美观，而且缝出来的衣服还有一种奇怪的特性：任何不称职的或者（yú chǔn）______得_____（病已重到无法用药医治的程度。
比喻已经到了无法挽救的地步）的人，都看不见这衣服。
【乙】他们向皇帝建议，用这新的、美丽的布料做成衣服，穿着这衣服去参加快要举行的游行大典。
“这布是华丽的！精致的！无双的！”每人都随声附和着。
每人都有说不出的快乐。
皇帝赐给骗子“御聘织师”的头衔，封他们为爵士，并授予一枚可以挂在扣眼上的（xūn zhāng）_________。
(1)给【甲】【乙】两段文字中加着重号的词语注音。
①称职___________ ②附和__________(2)根据【甲】【乙】两段文字中的拼音写出相应的词语。
①（yú chǔn）___________ ②（xūn zhāng）___________(3)结合【乙】文中括号里的内容提示，写出相应的成语。
成语：______________________二、选择题(共14分)2．(本题2分)下列各句标点符号使用不规范的一项是（）A．城市图书馆是城市的文化“加油站”，它们以开放、包容、共享的姿态，为书迷留下一方天地，为城市文化点亮一盏灯。
B．国之殇，未敢忘！举行国家公祭就是要让后代和国际社会了解真相、铭记历史。
C．思路是指一番话，一篇文章中思想所走过的路。
作者的思想从什么地方出发，怎样一步一步往前走，最后达到这条路的终点，都要踏踏实实摸清楚。
D．精读指向细腻的感受、透彻的理解和广泛的联想，便于准确地理解；跳读则是主动地舍弃、有意的忽略，以求更高的效率。
3．(本题2分)下列各句中有语病的一项是（）A．我国脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利，困扰中华民族几千年的绝对贫困问题画上了句号。
九年级语文限时训练及答案
九年级语文周测11月23日姓名分数一、基础·运用“自强不息”是中华民族生生不息的力量源泉。
某校初三年级开展以“君子自强不息”为主题的综合实践活动，诚挚邀请你参与到活动中来!【追本溯源明“自强”】“天行健，君子以自强不息。
”这是《易传》开篇中的一句话，讲的是天道刚健，周而复始，永无止息，启示人们应效法天道，自强不息。
自强不息，首先强调的是刚健有为，积极进取。
孔子曰：“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。
”他为了自己的人生追求，“学而不厌，诲人不倦”“【甲】”，成为坚忍刚毅、奋斗不止精神的典范。
图强求变、创新超越也是自强不息精神应有之义。
“刚健笃实，辉光日新”“【乙】”，这些(zhēn)言都体现出古人对创新的追求，而中华民族发展史上的一个个发明创造、一次次革故鼎新，则是自强不息精神在创新实践中结出的累累硕果。
自强不息的精神还表现为无私忘我的人生境界。
古代文人恪．守孔孟之道，将“君子以自强不息”的内涵诠释得生动而透彻。
尽管仕途多舛，他们也依旧高洁自守不同流合污；虽然身遭贬谪，他们却依然高声吟唱“【丙】”；即使身居偏远的江湖，他们也要尽其所能造福一方百姓。
1.文段中画横线字的笔顺、根据拼音写的汉字、加点字的读音，全都正确的一项是( )A. “匹”的第二笔为“”箴言kèB. “匹”的第二笔为“”箴言kèC. “匹”的第二笔为“”真言gèD. “匹”的第二笔为“”真言gè2.小明要向同学们解释“自强不息”的意思，他从字典中查阅了“息”的词义。
下面是其中的三个解释：①呼吸时进出的气：②停止；③休息。
请你帮助他解释“自强不息”的意思。
(限15字以内)答：3.将下面三句话分别填入文中【甲】【乙】【丙】处，正确的一项是（）①苟日新，日日新，又日新②发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至③欲为圣明除弊事，肯将衰朽惜残年A.③②①B.①③②C.③①②D.②①③4.根据语境，下列选项中不属于“他们”行列的一项是（）A.张岱B.范仲淹C.苏轼D.欧阳修【树立榜样学“自强”】三代北斗人始终把党的事业作为最大事业，把国家利益作为最高利益，把民族梦想作为最终梦想，用“献了青春献终身，献了终身献子孙”的家国情怀书写了中国北斗光耀全球的不朽传奇。
2022-2023学年八年级上册英语第三单元限时训练 (含答案)
八年级上学期英语Unit 3 限时训练第一卷选择题部分(共60分)I.单项选择(每小题1.5分，共15分)1.It’s raining hard outside, but there is only one umbrella left here. We have to _____ it.A．send B．show C．search D．share2. ---How can I get some ________ about the famous writer?---Why don’t you search the Internet? It’s easy and fast.A．ideas B．trouble C．message D．information3. ---Tony, ________ is my good friend, Alice. ---Hello, Alice.A．this B．that C．she D．he4. Do you look _______ Tom?A. the same asB. same asC. the sameD. the same so5. ---Tim, do you think time is money?---Yes, but I think it is _________ money.A. very important asB. the same asC. more important thanD. not important as6. Tom is _______than any other student in our class.A. tallerB. the tallestC. tallD. tallest7. That book is not so ______ as this one.A. interestingB. more interestingC. most interestingD. the most interesting8. Jack is 160cm,and Tom is 190cm, so we can see Tom is ____taller than Jack.A. veryB. muchC. soD. too9. The sunshine gets in ________ the big window every morning.A．over B．across C．below D．through10. It is terrible! It’s raining so ________ that we can ________ go out.A．hard; hardly B．hard; hard C．hardly; hardly D．hardly; hardII.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)If you want to have true friends,you should be a true friend yourself.Wonder 11you can do?Here are some tips.12and cry togetherLaughing with a friend is the best, 13sometimes crying brings you closer together.Don’t be 14to be yourself when you stay with your friends.Share your15feelings with yourfriends.Then friends will know each other16better.Be a nice gift giverGift-giving isn’t just for birthdays or holidays—it can be a fun way of making your friends 17special!But you don’t need to buy18gifts.Making things by yourself19 your care,becauseyou put time and ideas into your 20 .Stand up for him or herIf someone 21your friend,don’t just stand there quietly.Do 22about it!You can try to 23 a smart way to solve the problem and make others look at your friend differently.Sometimes it’snecessary 24you to make him or her feel better. It may not be 25,but it’s what a good friendshould do!( ) 11. A.who B.when C.what D.how( ) 12.A.Think ugh C.Sing D.Dance( ) 13.A.because B.but C.if D. or( ) 14.A.bored B.tired C.surprised D.afraid( ) 15.A.true B.difficult C.funny D.boring( ) 16.A.so B.very C.much D.quite( ) 17.A.keep B.feel C.look D.get( ) 18.A.expensive B.interesting eful D.real( ) 19.A.lets B.wishes C.helps D.shows( ) 20.A.friends B.birthdays C.gifts D.holidays( ) ughs at B.looks at C.thinks about D.talks to( ) 22.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing( ) 23.A.find B.ask C.start D.teach( ) 24.A.of B.for C.to D.with( ) 25.A.strict B.sorry C.easy D.smartII I. 补全对话（5分）A:Excuse me!Are you Mary?B:26_____________.I’m Ann. I’m her sister.A:I’m sorry.I’m Bruce.27__________________.B:But we also have many differences.A:28________________________.B:She is taller and has longer hair than me.And we like different things.A:29___________________________________.B:I like sports.And my mother also says I am talented in sports.A:What about Mary?Does she like sports?B:No, she doesn’t.She is quieter than me.30_____________________.()26. A.Yes, I am. B.Yes, I do.C.No, I’m not.D.No, I don’t.( ) 27.A. I think you two are very different. B.You work as hard as Mary.C.Are you more outgoing than Mary?D.I think that Mary looks like you.( ) 28.A.What are they? B.What is it?C.Who’s more outgoing?D.Are you as friendly as Mary?( ) 29.A.What can you do? B.What do you like?C.Do you like sports?D.What do you often do on weekends?( )30.A.She likes playing soccer. B.She likes reading books.C.She likes running in the morning.D.She likes going out with her friends.IV. 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共25分)ARaquel is 25 years old. She’s from London and she lives in New York now. She works and goes to an evening school, and she also does housework. She makes her meals（餐）and cleans her room, but she doesn’t wash her clothes. Her roommate（室友）, Sarah, does it. And Raquel makes dinner for Sarah.Sarah comes from Miami. She works in a hospital. She walks to work. There is a health club near the hospital. Sarah and Raquel often exercise there in the evening.Raquel’s friend, Marco, lives near her. Marco is from Paris. He works in a middle school and he teaches math. The school is far from his home. It takes him about 40 minutes to drive there, but he likes his job a lot. On weekends, Marco and Raquel sometimes ride their bikes to the school —just for fun.31．Where does Raquel come from?A．Miami.B．New York.C．London.32．Sarah helps Raquel ________.A．wash her clothes B．make dinner C．clean her room33．Where does Sarah work?A．In a hospital.B．In a health club.C．In a middle school.34．What’s Marco’s job?A．A doctor.B．A worker.C．A teacher.35．How does Marco go to work?A．By bus.B．By car.C．By bike.BI have a lot of friends. My best friend is Sally. She is 16 years old. She is 2 years older than me. We live in the same town and we began to know each other when we were young. Now we are classmates.Sally is tall and thin with long black hair. She has an oval(椭圆形的)face with big eyes, a high nose and a small mouth. Sally is helpful. When her friends have difficulties, she always tries her best to help them. Sally is one of the best students in our class. I like studying with her. She always helps me with my studies.Though we have the same hobbies and interests, we also have some differences. I am active and like telling jokes. Sally, however, is serious and quiet. We believe in each other, so we are good friends. I hope we can keep our friendship forever.36.How old is the writer according to this passage?A.16.B.14.C.12.D.10.37.When did the writer and Sally begin to know each other?A. At the age of 16.B. At the age of 14.C. When they became classmates.D. When they were young.38.Sally to do what I like to do.A. likesB. dislikesC. hatesD. has39.Which of the following is TRUE?A. Sally is heavy and tall.B. Sally is outgoing and likes talking.C. Sally and the writer are in the same class.D. The writer often helps Sally with her studies.40.What does the writer think of Sally?A. She is sociable.B. She is outgoing.C. We don’t know.D. She is serious, quiet and helpful.第二卷非选择题部分(共40分)V. 语篇填空(每小题2分,共20分)As the old 1. (say) goes, “A true friend reaches for your hand and 2. (touch) your heart.” Here is my story.Tara is my good friend. 3. we are in different primary schools, we often share some information from school to make each other laugh. She is similar 4. me. We are both talented in music. But we are different in some ways. I'm more outgoing than 5. (she). She is more serious than me.Tara is like my arm or hand. And she 6. (true) cares about me and she always helps to bring 7. the best in me. Last term, I took part in a fantastic singing 8. (compete). To get better grades, it's necessary for me to sing more loudly and clearly. When I practiced, Tara sat there quietly listening as long as she was free. Then she told me which was the best, and what I should do next. In fact, she is like a mirror of me. She sings 9. (well) than me and she is more hardworking than me.With Tara's help, I 10. (win) the competition. Now I don't care whether my friends are the same as me or are different from me.VI. 情景应用（10分）1. Who is older？____________________________________________________2. Is Lily shorter than Lucy?____________________________________________________3. Do they have the same hobby?____________________________________________________4.Who does well in sports?____________________________________________________5.What is Lucy’s character?____________________________________________________VII. 七选五 (每题2分.共10分)Friends become an important part of our daily life.1. _______ However,there are four kinds of friends that everyone should have.First,there is the school or work friend.This is the person who helps you get through the school or workday. But you never really go out with them outside of these places.However,they are important in your life as you will spend a lot of time with them. 2. _______ You can’t really discuss anything important with them.But if you are feeling sad,they’re great to go out with. 3. _______The next kind of friend is really unusual and having one makes you very lucky.They are very kind4. _______. Finally,there is the best friend.This is the person who reaches for your hand and touches your heart and the person you would have no problem spending the whole day with. Friends are one of the most important parts in your life. 5. _______[1._________2._________3._________4.________5.________参考答案：I.单项选择1-5 DCAAC 6-10 AABDAII.完形填空11-15 CBBDA 16-20 CBADC 21-25 AAABCII I. 补全对话26-30 CDABBIV. 阅读理解31-35 CAACB 36-40 BDACDV. 语篇填空1-5 saying touches Although to her 6-10 truly out competition better wonVI. 情景应用1. Lily is older.2. No, she isn’t.3. Yes, they do.4. Lily does well in sports.5. Lucy is calm.VII. 七选五1-5 FABED。
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练(含答案)
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练一、阅读理解（一）The Huaqing Palace Heritage SiteStar PoolIt was built in 644 A．D．for Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907). It is said that at first there was no cover for the pool so that he could enjoy the shining stars of the night while taking a bath.Tang WellIt has a long history of over 1,300 years and measures 1.9 meters long, 1.26 meters wide and 8.3meters deep. It was used just by Yang Yuhuan for drinking water.Huaqing Hot SpringsThey were named “The Fi Hot Springs in the World” in the Tang Dynasty by Emperor Xuanzong.The water temperature stays at 43℃ all year round. It was first used as an imperial pool during the Zhou Dynasty (1036B．C．-256 B．C．).Imperial Concubine Pool (贵妃池)It was built in 747A．D．for the famous beauty Yang Yuhuan. It takes the shape of a Chinese crabapple (海棠) flower, and is where Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Yuhuan took baths together every winter.Address: At the foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong, 30 kilometers east of Xi’an. Opening hours: From March to November: 7:00-18:00;From December to February: 7:30-18:30.Bus routes: 914, 915, U5, and 306.1. Which of the following has the longest history?A．Star Pool. B．Tang Well.C．Huaqing Hot Springs. D．Imperial Concubine Pool.2. What is special about Imperial Concubine Pool?A．It is half-divided. B．It is flower-shaped.C．It is for drinking. D．It has no cover.3. Where is this text most likely from?A．A diary. B．A guidebook.C．A news report. D．A story book.（二）During the COP27 climate conference (会议) in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, an important deal on “loss and damage” was reached. This was a big step forward because at COP26 conference in Glasgow, Scotland, there were no talks on loss and damage at all. The plan is that richer countries will pay money into a special fund that will be used to help poor countries.Loss and damage means the damaging impact of climate change on developing countries. For nearly 30 years, poorer countries have been asking richer countries formoney to help to protect communities from the effects of climate change. Richer countries have produced the most greenhouse gases, but poorer countries are often the worst affected by extreme weather conditions because they are less well equipped to face extreme climate events.Brazil’s newly elected President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva made a speech about preserving the largest rainforest on Earth, the Amazon. During the last 50 years, more than 17% of the Amazon rainforest has been destroyed to make way for farms and towns. However, in his speech, Lula promised that there would be zero deforestation (伐树) in the Amazon by 2030. The conference didn’t just focus on world leaders. It brought together more than 45,000 people to discuss how climate change is affecting their lives. Climate refugees (难民) also had their voices heard. Tshilombo from the Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya said, “Refugees don’t only flee becaus e of war or conflict. It’s also about drought, the effects of climate change.”Some countries weren’t happy with the overall outcome of COP27 because decisions weren’t made on cutting the use of fossil fuels, such as coal, gas and oil, etc. The UK Governme nt’s Alok Sharma said, “I’m incredibly disappointed.”However, this deal was a great achievement for developing countries. Sherry Rehman, the climate minister for Pakistan, said, “I am confident we have tuned a comer in how we work together to achieve clim ate goals.”；4. What is a successful outcome of the COP27 climate conference?A．The deal on loss and damage.B．The deal on using fossil fuels.C．The deal on rainforest preservation.D．The deal on helping climate refugees.；5. What has made it difficult for developing countries to fight against climate change? A．More greenhouse gases.B．Massive deforestation.C．Shortage of money and supplies.D．Terrible weather conditions.；6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A．Climate change is influencing people’s live s.B．17% of the Amazon rainforest was destroyed.C．Many factors lead to the appearance of refugees.D．There will be less deforestation in the Amazon by 2030.；7. What would Sherry Rehman probably agree with?A．Never put off till tomorrow.B．Many hands make light work.C．Knowledge starts with practice.D．No way is impossible to courage.（三）What are you doing this weekend? Perhaps you're spending time with family, hanging out with friends, or maybe you're going to play a sport. All around the world, people chill out at the end of the working week and take part in leisure activities. In many countries, the weekend consists of Saturday and Sunday, while in others Friday and Saturday are the days of rest. In Afghanistan, Thursday and Friday form the weekend, while in one country, Brunei, Friday and Sunday are the days off.Have you ever stopped to wonder, though, exactly where it originated? And how is the concept going to change? The modern weekend took shape during the Industrial Revolution. In the early 19 century, in areas such as the north of England, people began to leave the countryside to work in towns and cities. There, new factories were springing up. Their working lives were once ruled by nature, with the amount of work depending on the changing seasons. Now, their employers demanded a different rhythm-a six-day week of up to 12 hours a day, followed by one day of rest.Campaigns for workers' rights appeared. By the end of the century they had managed to reduce the working week to five and a half days. This meant that working people could take an interest in hobbies such as photography, which was very new at the time. In the US in the 1920s, the industrialist Henry Ford helped to create the weekend. He gave all his workers Saturday and Sunday off work. His factories manufactured cars, and he wanted to allow his employees time to purchase and enjoy the cars they were producing.These days, in many countries, working a 40-hour week is normal. Many people have a nine-to-five job, but even that is rapidly changing. Technology enables more people to work from home and plan their own use of time. This means that an official period away from work is becoming less important. Perhaps in the future we will work fewer hours altogether. If we become more productive, we should be able to afford the same lifestyle by working fewer hours. It has been estimated, for example, that a worker in the US can achieve a 1950s standard of living by working just 1l hours a week. Some people have recommended a 21-hour working week to help with unemployment, climate change and inequality. However, a change like that may mean more leisure time but it will probably limit people's ability to earn money to enjoy it.8. What does the underlined word “originated” in the second paragraph me an? A．Relaxed. B．Started. C．Appeared suddenly. D．Stopped. 9. What happened as a result of campaigns on behalf of workers?A．People became more inventive.B．People worked fewer hours per day.C．People worked fewer hours overall.D．People found employment in leisure industries.10. The writer says an American businessman gave his workers time off so that A．he could produce more cars.B．they could spend money on cars.C．he didn’t have to pay them to drive.D．they would enjoy working with him.11. Why does the writer suggest the weekend may be less important now? A．Because we start work later than we used toB．Because nobody works over 40 hours a week.C．Because technology empowers individuals to arrange their own time. D．Because people are out control of their working week.二、七选五阅读Mondays are kind of annoying. 12 A recent survey says that most people get the pre-work “Sunday blues”. Starting your Monday feeling sad, anxious and unorganized is hardly the way to kick off a healthy week.The solution? Set aside a little time on Sunday to purposefully prepare yourself for the five days ahead, suggests women’s health expert Marsha Hudnall. 13Do some meal preparations.Figuring out what to have for dinner on weeknights can be surprisingly stressf ul. Stretching out a menu plan on Sunday and swinging by the grocery store for ingredients will help you eat well. Go a step further by chopping and cooking vegetables and a protein (like a roast chicken or scrambled eggs). 14 Or finally attempt a di fferent diet you’ve been meaning to try. For easy dinner planning, just order, and you’ll have a week’s worth of raw materials for delicious and healthy meals.Start a Sunday stress-relief habit.“To be healthy, we have to take care of body and mind,” says Hudnall. Stress has a major impact on health and our ability to concentrate. 15 Four ideas to try: a guided meditation with the help of an app; forest bathing－a practice known as shinrin-yoku in Japan, which basically means taking a long walk or hik e in a wooded area; gentle exercise like yoga; or time cuddling and playing with your pet.16Why not prepare your favorite clothes for Monday? Studies show that what you wear can have a significant effect on your mood. So make Monday the day you wear your favorite clothes or show the latest addition to your wardrobe (衣橱). It’s also a good idea to get some nice coffee or music ready, which will give you something to look forward to on your Monday commute.A．Give yourself something to look forward on Monday.B．Even Sunday afternoons turn sour as we think of the workweek ahead.C．Then all you have to do is heat and plate when you come home from work. D．Therefore, starting a Sunday stress-relieving habit can begin a week feeling strong and focused.E．Try creating a relaxing and winding down Sunday night so that you can recharge and get ready for Monday.F．Taking on just a few of these simple tips every Sunday will help you launch a productive, less stressful week.G．Wailing until the last moment to do weekend chores like paying bills or doing laundry can leave you anxious and stressed on Sunday.三、完型填空The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly 17 . It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep 18 as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my 19 , the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important 20 in a dancer’s life as it pays respect to all the factors in one’s life that 21 the dance form: one’s culture and family.The performance is undertaken only by the most 22 and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much 23 . For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day 24 these dances. Many times, I 25 myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to 26I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my 27 . Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something28 me on, forcing me not to give up.Fortunately, I made it. What I had done 29 the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer 30 is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I 31 out to do.17. A．pulled back B．set off C．reached out D．broke away18. A．sleep B．thought C．breath D．sorrow19. A．career B．understanding C．response D．performance20. A．routine B．lesson C．accident D．event21. A．develop B．purchase C．introduce D．promote22. A．focused B．beautiful C．intelligent D．considerate23. A．talent B．strength C．devotion D．cooperation24. A．recording B．practicing C．discussing D．designing25. A．applied B．addicted C．treated D．pushed26. A．forget B．design C．learn D．research27. A．explanation B．expectation C．expense D．impression28. A．driving B．competing C．benefiting D．representing29. A．increased B．deserved C．expanded D．exposed30. A．completely B．mainly C．truly D．distantly31. A．put B．carry C．turn D．set四、语法填空Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I am speaking to you at what I know is an increasingly challenging time. A time of disruption in the life of our country; a disruption that has brought grief to some, financial difficulties to many, and enormous changes to the daily lives of us all.I want to thank everyone on the NHS front liens, 32 care workers and those carrying out essential rules, who selflessly continue 33 day-to-day duties outside the home in support of as all.I am sure the nation will join me in assuring you that what you do 34 (appreciate) and every hour of your hard work brings us 35 (close) to a return to more normal times.I also want to thank these of you who are staying at home, thereby helping to protect the vulnerable and sparting many family the pain already 36 (feel) by those who have lost loved ones.Together we are tackling this disease, and I want to reassure you that if we remain united and resolute, we will overcome it.I hope in the years to come everyone will be able to take pride in 37 they responded to this challenge. And those who come after us will say the Britons of this generation were as strong as any.The moments when the United Kingdom has come together to applaud its care and essential workers will be remembered 38 an expression of our national spirit; and its symbol will be the rainbows drawn by children.Across the Commonwealth and around the world, we have seen heart-warming stories of people 39 (come) together to help others, be it through delivering food parcels and medicines, checking on neighbours, or converting businesses to help with the relief effort.And though self-isolating at times 40 be hard, many people of all faiths, and of none, are discovering that it presents an opportunity to slow down, pause and reflect, in prayer or meditation.But now, as then, we know, deep down, that it is the right thing to do.We will succeed - and that success will belong to every one of us.We should take comfort that while we may have more still 41 (endure), better days will return: we will be with our friends again: we will be with our families again: we will meet again.But for now, I send my thanks and warmest good wishes to you all.五、写作42. 假如你是李华，近段时间以来政府加大了文物保护的力度。
高三语文限时训练(含参考答案)
高三语文限时训练一、阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
(9分)有着5000多年历史的中国传统艺术是一条璀璨星河，它的精神和血脉对世界文化艺术的发展起到了极其重要的涵养作用，对世界众多艺术家产生过直接或间接的影响。
尤其是当西方传统写实绘画的发展处于困境之时，中国传统艺术更是以其独具特色的艺术魅力和表现形式启迪了一大批现代艺术家，他们从中汲取营养，摸索前行，在很多西方艺术史论家眼里，中国传统艺术是世界艺术的高峰。
中国传统艺术对西方的影响可以追溯到14世纪的欧洲，当时中国的瓷器、丝绸和国画等商品一直流行于欧洲的上层社会中。
在法国，中国的龙凤图案常被运用于各类织物中。
在15世纪的意大利和法国瓷器制作中，盛行模仿中国青花瓷器造型。
18世纪法国“罗可可”绘画大师让·安东尼·华托青年时期曾研究中国的《百戏图》，他的作品《发舟西苔岛》具有明显的中国意味和东方艺术特色。
著名的评论家雷文曾说：“凡于中国宋代之风景画研究有素者，一见华托此作，必讶其风景之相似，其画中远山犹保持作者之生命。
青峰缥缈，用单色作烟云。
华托所惯为者，亦中国山水画最显著之特色也。
”日本学者小林太市郎认为应该将17～18世纪流行于欧洲的“罗可可”艺术称为“中国—法国式”。
世纪新古典主义大师安格尔则因为具有浓郁东方意味的艺术语言，被当时的人们称为“误生在19世纪雅典废墟上的中国画家”。
19世纪中叶，摄影术的发明，对西方传统写实绘画带来了巨大的冲击，西方绘画艺术的发展陷入了困境，艺术家开始寻求新的出路。
此时，博大精深的中国传统艺术思想和独具特色的艺术表现形式，给了西方艺术家以启迪，使得西方艺术在现代主义道路上继续前行。
一些杰出的画家诸如梵·高、高更、毕加索、马蒂斯、克里姆特、大卫·霍克尼等，分别从不同的方面和角度吸取中国艺术的养分，探索出全新的艺术风格，创作出一大批具有划时代意义的艺术杰作，对世界艺术史的发展产生了深远的影响。
高中数学经典试题解析版-限时规范训练(二十四)
限时规范训练(二十四)A级基础落实练1.与－2023°终边相同的最小正角是()A.137°B.133°C.57°D.43°解析：A因为－2023°＝－360°×6＋137°，所以与－2023°终边相同的最小正角是137°.2.下列与角9π4的终边相同的角的表达式中正确的是()A.2kπ＋45°(k∈Z)B.k·360°＋9π4(k∈Z)C.k·360°－315°(k∈Z)D.kπ＋5π4(k∈Z)解析：C对于A，B，2kπ＋45°(k∈Z)，k·360°＋9π4(k∈Z)中角度和弧度混用，不正确；对于C，因为9π4＝2π＋π4与－315°是终边相同的角，故与角9π4的终边相同的角可表示为k·360°－315°(k∈Z)，C正确；对于D，kπ＋5π4(k∈Z)，不妨取k＝0，则表示的角5π4与9π4终边不相同，D错误.3.已知角θ的顶点与原点重合，始边与x轴非负半轴重合，若A(－1，y)是角θ终边上一点，且sinθ＝－31010，则y＝()A.3B.－3C.1D.－1解析：B因为sinθ＝－31010＜0，A(－1，y)是角θ终边上一点，所以y＜0，由三角函数的定义，得yy2＋1＝－31010，解得y＝－3(正值舍去).4.(2024·鹰潭期中)点A(sin1240°，cos1240°)在直角坐标平面上位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限解析：D1240°＝3×360°＋160°，160°是第二象限角，所以sin1240°＞0，cos1240°＜0，P点在第四象限.5.(2023·河东一模)在面积为4的扇形中，其周长最小时半径的值为()A.4B.22C.2D.1解析：C设扇形的半径为R(R＞0)，圆心角为α，则12αR2＝4，所以α＝8R2，则扇形的周长为2R＋αR＝2R＋8R≥22R·8R＝8，当且仅当2R＝8 R，即R＝2时，取等号，此时α＝2，所以周长最小时半径的值为2.6.给出下列命题：①第二象限角大于第一象限角；②三角形的内角一定是第一象限角或第二象限角；③不论是用角度制还是用弧度制度量一个角，它们与扇形的半径的大小无关；④若sinα＝sinβ，则α与β的终边相同；⑤若cosθ＜0，则θ是第二或第三象限的角.其中正确命题的序号是()A.②④⑤B.③⑤C.③D.①③⑤解析：C①由于120°是第二象限角，390°是第一象限角，故第二象限角大于第一象限角不正确，即①不正确；②直角不属于任何一个象限，故三角形的内角是第一象限角或第二象限角错误，即②不正确；③不论是用角度制还是用弧度制度量一个角，它们与扇形的半径的大小无关，即③正确；④若sinα＝sinβ，则α与β的终边相同或终边关于y轴对称，即④不正确；⑤若cosθ＜0，则θ是第二象限角或第三象限角或θ的终边落在x轴的负半轴上，即⑤不正确.其中正确命题的序号是③，故选C.7.(多选)已知角α的顶点为坐标原点，始边为x轴的非负半轴，终边上有一点P(1，2sinα)，且|α|＜π2，则角α的可能取值为()A.－π3B.0C.π6D.π3解析：ABD因为角α的终边上有一点P(1，2sinα)，所以tanα＝2sinα，所以sinαcosα＝2sinα，①若α＝0，则sinαcosα＝2sinα成立；②若α≠0，则cosα＝12，因为|α|＜π2，所以α＝π3或α＝－π3.8.已知角α的终边过点P(－8m，－6sin30°)，且cosα＝－45，则m的值为.解析：因为r＝64m2＋9，所以cosα＝－8m64m2＋9＝－45，所以4m264m2＋9＝125，因为m＞0，解得m＝12.答案：1 29.α为第二象限角，且|cosα2|＝－cosα2，则α2在象限.解析：∵α为第二象限角，∴α2为第一或第三象限角，又|cos α2|＝－cos α2，∴cos α2＜0，∴α2在第三象限.答案：第三10.若角α的终边与函数5x ＋12y ＝0(x ＜0)的图象重合，则2cos α＋sin α＝.解析：∵角α的终边与函数5x ＋12y ＝0(x ＜0)的图象重合，∴α为第二象限角，且tan α＝－512，即sin α＝－512cos α.∴sin 2α＋cos 2α＝(－512cos α)2＋cos 2α＝1，解得cos α＝－1213.∴sin α＝－512cos α＝－512×(－1213)＝513.∴2cos α＋sin α＝2×(－1213)＋513＝－1913.答案：－191311.用弧度制表示终边落在如图所示阴影部分内(含边界)的角θ的集合是.解析：由题图，终边OB 对应角为2k π－π6且k ∈Z ，终边OA 对应角为2k π＋3π4且k ∈Z ，所以阴影部分角θ的集合是[2k π－π6，2k π＋3π4]，k ∈Z .答案：[2k π－π6，2k π＋3π4]，k ∈Z12.已知扇形的圆心角为23π，扇形的面积为3π，则该扇形的周长为.解析：设扇形的半径为R，利用扇形面积计算公式S＝12×23πR2＝3π，可得R＝3，所以该扇形的弧长为l＝23π×3＝2π，所以周长为l＋2R＝6＋2π.答案：6＋2πB级能力提升练13.(多选)在平面直角坐标系xOy中，角α以Ox为始边，终边经过点P(－1，m)(m＞0)，则下列各式的值一定为负的是()A.sinα＋cosαB.sinα－cosαC.sinαcosαD.sinαtanα解析：CD因为角α终边经过点P(－1，m)(m＞0)，所以α在第二象限，所以sinα＞0，cosα＜0，tanα＜0，如果α＝23π，所以sinα＋cosα＝32－12＞0，所以选项A不满足题意；sinα－cosα＞0；sinαcosα＜0；sinαtanα＜0，故CD正确.14.(2023·长治模拟)水滴是刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体Ⅱ·黑暗森林》中提到的由三体文明使用强相互作用力(SIM)材料所制成的宇宙探测器，因为其外形与水滴相似，所以被人类称为水滴.如图所示，水滴是由线段AB，AC和圆的优弧BC围成，其中AB，AC恰好与圆弧相切.若圆弧所在圆的半径为1，点A到圆弧所在圆的圆心的距离为2，则该封闭图形的面积为()A.3＋2π3 B.23＋2π3C.23＋π3D.3＋π3解析：A 如图，设圆弧所在圆的圆心为O ，连接OA ，OB ，OC ，依题意得OB ⊥AB ，OC ⊥AC ，且OB ＝OC ＝1，OA ＝2，则AB ＝AC ＝3，∠BAC ＝π3，所以∠BOC ＝2π3，所以该封闭图形的面积为2×12×3×1＋12×(2π－2π3)×12＝3＋2π3.15.(2024·牡丹江模拟)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知点A (35，45)，将线段OA绕原点顺时针旋转π3得到线段OB ，则点B 的横坐标为.解析：易知A (35，45)在单位圆上，记终边在射线OA 上的角为α，如图所示，根据三角函数定义可知，cos α＝35，sin α＝45；OA 绕原点顺时针旋转π3得到线段OB ，则终边在射线OB 上的角为α－π3，所以点B 的横坐标为cos(α－π3)＝cos αcos π3＋sin αsin π3＝3＋4310.答案：3＋431016.若点P (sin α－cos α，tan α)在第一象限，则在[0，2π)内α的取值范围是.解析：由题意可得α－cos α＞0，α＞0，∈[0，2π），α＞0，∈[0，2π），可得α∈(0，π2)或α∈(π，3π2)，当α∈(0，π2)，即α为第一象限角，则sin α＞0，cos α＞0，∵sin α－cos α＞0，则tan α＞1，∴α∈(π4，π2)；当α∈(π，3π2)，即α为第三象限角，则sin α＜0，cos α＜0，∵sin α－cos α＞0，则0＜tan α＜1，∴α∈(π，5π4)；综上所述，α∈(π4，π2∪(π，5π4).答案：(π4，π2)∪(π，5π4)。
限时训练刷题练习册
限时训练刷题练习册一、选择题1. 下列哪个选项是正确的数学表达式？A. 2 + 3 = 5B. 3 × 4 = 12C. 4 ÷ 2 = 6D. 5 - 1 = 3答案：A2. 请从下列选项中选出正确的英语单词拼写。
A. colerB. colorC. collerD. cooler答案：B3. 以下哪个历史事件标志着第二次世界大战的结束？A. 珍珠港事件B. 诺曼底登陆C. 广岛原子弹爆炸D. 柏林墙倒塌答案：C二、填空题1. 地球的自转周期是 ________ 小时。
答案：242. 请填写下列化学元素的符号：铁 ________，氧 ________。
答案：Fe，O3. 根据题目要求，以下句子中缺少的单词是 ________。
- 句子：I am ________ to help you.答案：willing三、简答题1. 请简述牛顿第三定律的内容。
答案：牛顿第三定律指出，对于两个相互作用的物体，它们之间的作用力和反作用力大小相等，方向相反。
2. 请解释什么是光合作用，并简述其过程。
答案：光合作用是植物、藻类和某些细菌利用光能将水和二氧化碳转化为葡萄糖和氧气的过程。
这个过程主要发生在叶绿体中，分为光反应和暗反应两个阶段。
光反应产生ATP和NADPH，暗反应则利用这些能量和还原力将二氧化碳固定并转化为有机物。
四、计算题1. 如果一个圆的半径是5厘米，求这个圆的面积。
答案：圆的面积公式是A = πr²，代入 r = 5 厘米，得到 A = π × 5² = 25π ≈ 78.54 平方厘米。
2. 一个班级有40名学生，其中25名男生和15名女生。
如果随机选择一名学生，求选中男生的概率。
答案：选中男生的概率是男生人数除以总人数，即 P(男生) = 25/40 = 5/8。
结束语本练习册旨在帮助学生通过限时训练提高解题速度和准确率。
希望同学们能够认真完成每一道题目，不断提升自己的学习水平。
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练(含答案)
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练一、阅读理解AParis is the most wooded city in Europe, and around one quarter of its area is taken up by parks, gardens and other green spaces.Jardin des Plantes: over 28 hectaresThis impressive botanical garden is home to four museums, including the Natural History Museum, which houses a variety of African animals. The gardens themselves boast thousands of species of plants. This is a lovely place to relax and explore the beautiful surroundings.Parc des Buttes-Chaumont: over 24 hectaresIf you want to get off the tourist trail and hang out with true Parisians, this park is the perfect spot for a relaxing picnic or a leisurely wander. It is in the 19th district and is one of the largest parks in Paris. Cross its lake on the suspension bridge, or admire the waterfalls and attractive temples.Jardin du Luxembourg: over 25 hectaresThese beautiful gardens were first laid out in 1612 as the gardens of the Luxembourg Palace. They include a geometric forest, French and English style gardens, as well as a large pond. There is so much to see and do with activities especially for children, such as slides, rides and puppet shows, as well as leisure and sporting activities for adults. The gardens are home to more than one hundred sculptures.Le Parc de la Villette: 55 hectaresThis urban cultural park is so much more than just a park as it is home to numerous music venues, exhibition spaces and cafes. It is also home to no less than 12 gardens, which all follow different themes. The Passenger Gardens, for example, which are built on what was once the sheep market, support a variety of ecosystems, demonstrating the importance of biodiversity.1. Which green space probably suits students who are interested in botany?A．Jardin des Plantes. B．Parc des Buttes-Chaumont.C．Jardin du Luxembourg. D．Le Parc de la Villette.2. Which is special about Jardin du Luxembourg?A．They used to be royal gardens. B．They are Parisian favourite gardens. C．They feature American style gardens. D．They house a variely of African animals.3. What can visitors do in Le Parc de la Villette?A．Visiting museums. B．Attending concerts.C．Admiring waterfalls. D．Watching puppet shows.BA team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object.The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up-by up to 8℃.Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires solittle that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear. However, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.；4. How does the new coating work to remove fog?A．By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.B．By keeping cool air away from the object.C．By creating a thin film of water on the surface.D．By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.；5. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products?A．To stress the advantages of the new coating.B．To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.C．To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.D．To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular .；6. What is the limitation of the new coating?A．It is considerably expensive.B．It depends on sunlight to work.C．It takes too much time to produce.D．It is difficult to clean and maintain.；7. What do the researchers plan to do next?A．Apply for a patent for the invention.B．Develop the product for more practical uses.C．Explore the environmental impact of the coating.D．Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.CAn exhibition of vivid photographs and a restored documentary give fresh insight into the Antarctic explorer, who died a century ago.One hundred years ago, the leader of the last great expeditio n of the heroic age of polar exploration died from a heart attack as his ship, Quest, headed for Antarctica. The announcement of the death of Ernest Shackleton on 30 January 1922 was greeted with an outpouring of national grief.This was the man, after all, who had saved the entire crew of his ship Endurance —which had been crushed and sunk by ice in 1915 — by making a daring trip in a tiny open boat over 750 miles of polar sea to raise the alarm at a whaling station in South Georgia.It remains one of the greatest rescue stories of modern history and led to the idolising of Shackleton in the United Kingdom, a reputation that survived undamaged for the rest of the century. As his contemporary Raymond Priestley, the geologist and Antarctic explorer, later put it: “When disaster strikes and all hope is gone, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton.”And here and now in 2022, his death is being marked with an elaborately illustrated exhibition —Shackleton’s legacy and the power of early Antarctic pho tography — which opens at the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), and which includes a range of images and artefacts from his expeditions. Additionally, a digitally remade version of South, a documentary film of Shackleton’s 1914-16 Endurance expedition, is being screened at the British Film Institute.The film and most of the exhibition’s finest images are the handiwork of Frank Hurley, who sailed with Shackleton and who was one of the 20th century’s greatest photographers and film-makers. Both film and exhibition feature striking camera work and provide vivid accounts of the hardships that Shackleton and his men endured as they headed off to explore Antarctica.Even after he survived the great expedition, he still longed for another trip to Antarctica, and after long negotiations set sail in Quest, from England, with the aim of circumnavigating (环航) Antarctica, Shackleton was by now very ill and had suffered at least one heart attack. On 2 January 1922, he wrote in his diary: “I grow old and tired but must a lways lead on.” Three days later he had a major heart attack and died a few hours later. He is buried on South Georgia, scene of his greatest triumph.“Shackleton was an inspirational leader. He had an innate sense of what was possible and achievable. He also had a huge personality but led by example. At the same time, he was sensitive to the needs of the individuals he was leading. For example, after Endurance broke up, his men had lost their protection and shelter. Their social fabric had been destroyed. There would have been disagreement. Yet Shackleton succeeded in keeping them together and made sure they survived.”8. People were overcome with grief when Ernest Shackleton died because .A．it was a huge pity that such a brave explorer should ha ve died from a heart attack B．he was the man that wrote about one of the greatest rescue stories of modern history C．he came to his entire crew’s rescue and symbolised hope in extreme circumstances D．there was no one to pray to anymore when disaster came and there was no hope9. What can we learn about the exhibition?A．It presents Shackleton’s 1914-16 Endurance expedition with powerful Antarctic photos.B．It celebrates the 100th anniversary of the great explorer Ernest Shackleton’s birth. C．It consists of vivid photographs, artefacts, and documentaries of Ernest Shackleton.D．It is created by Frank Hurley, who witnessed Shackleton’s heroic acts with his own eyes.10. Which of the following is NOT true about Ernest Shackleton according to the passage? A．He was the leader of a heroic exploration to the South pole, who died from a heart attack off shore.B．He saved the crew members of the sunken Endurance by travelling to raise the alarmin a tiny boat.C．He is universally recognised as the greatest Antarctic explorer who has enjoyed enduring fame.D．He was inspirational, practical, responsible, sensitive towards his men, but had a strong character.11. What does “Their social fabric had been destroyed. ” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A．What they wore would not be accepted by others upon returning.B．They could no longer socialise with others even if they went back.C．The ship could not keep them together even if they survived.D．They could not function socially as they had when there was shelter.二、七选五阅读Do you want lots of success in school and in your friendship? If you want to learn how to balance your friendship and study, read on.• Talk about your goals for school.Share what academic success looks like for both of you. 12 Before the semester starts, sit down and discuss what you’d both like to achieve.• Share tips and tricks with each other.Exchange study techniques to learn how to be more successful. Maybe you know some learning methods like making a list of key ideas and reviewing them one hour a day. Chat about how you’ll both try to master your subjects. 13• Remind each other to take your health seriously.Put your wellness above everything else to succeed in school. 14 Get at least 8 hours of rest. Make sure to eat nutritious meals that will keep you energized. When you take care of yourselves, you’ll both reduce stress and improve your academic performances.• 15Remember that you both can overcome any challenge s with enough effort. In orderto get the most out of your studies, keep a “growth mindset”, an optimistic outlook that lets you see any difficult topic or task as an opportunity to learn.• Prioritize (优先安排) exams and finals.16 When you and your friend are in the middle of a finals week or have a huge assignment to prepare for, that should come first. Block out times on your schedules that need all your focus.A．Keep positive attitudes about school.B．Fight for any challenges enthusiastically.C．Your methods will be always encouraging.D．Give each other space during more intense periods.E．It’s important to be clear about what your goals are.F．You’ll lift each other up and get an extra edge in class.G．So you can both be at your best physically and mentally.三、完型填空When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain near my home. I was overweight thenand 17 when I reached the top. But I loved the 18 .Two years ago, my friend Mel Olsen and I drove to Oregon to climb 11,240-foot Mount Hood.As we went higher, the trail (山路) grew 19 and steeper. At around 9 a.m., we reached an ice step. Confident I was safe, I put my full 20 on it. Suddenly, I heard a 21 , and the ice broke off the step, right under my foot.In a second, I fell backward. Soon, I came to a stop on a flat slope. I 22 my whole body, feeling 23 that I was fine, except that I was suffering from a sharp painin my left 24 and couldn’t move.I 25 for help, and immediately Mel and other climbers came to assist me and called Mountain Rescue. Then I was loaded into a(n) 26 and taken to a hospital,27 I stayed for four days. The doctors told me it would be a year before I could 28 again, but I was back on the trails within six months.The fall has made me more 29 . One slip (滑倒) on a mountain can change everything. But the experience also made me 30 as a person. Since the accident, I’ve climbed another 60 mountains. I’m not going to let one fall 31 me from doing my favorite thing.17. A．out of danger B．out of trouble C．out of balance D．out of breath18. A．opportunity B．memory C．challenge D．mountain19. A．wider B．flatter C．narrower D．nearer20. A．body B．strength C．foot D．weight21. A．cry B．crack C．crash D．call22. A．calmed B．looked C．tested D．checked23. A．fortunate B．satisfied C．grateful D．confident24. A．arm B．shoulder C．leg D．eye25. A．yelled B．asked C．begged D．arranged26. A．car B．ambulance C．truck D．shelter27. A．which B．that C．where D．when28. A．jump B．move C．drive D．climb29. A．positive B．cautious C．frightened D．anxious30. A．grow B．develop C．feel D．act31. A．protect B．ban C．addict D．keep四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
物理第三次限时训练(有答案)
灵宝实高 2020届高三物理第三次限时训练试题一、选择题：在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1~8题只有一个选项正确；第9~12题有多个选项正确，每小题4分，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分。
1.下列说法正确的是（ ）A.研究“天宫一号”在轨道上的飞行姿态时，“天宫一号”可看作质点B.月亮在云中穿行，是以月亮为参考系C.合外力对物体做功为零，则物体的动能不变D.枪筒里的子弹在扣动扳机火药爆发瞬间仍处于静止状态2.“西电东送”为我国经济社会发展起到了重大的推动作用。
如图是部分输电线路。
由于热胀冷缩，铁塔之间的输电线夏季比冬季要更下垂一些，对输电线和输电塔的受力分析正确的是（ ） A.夏季输电线对输电塔的拉力较大B.夏季与冬季输电线对输电塔的拉力一样大C.夏季与冬季输电塔对地面的压力一样大D.冬季输电塔对地面的压力大3.一项新的研究表明，由于潮汐引力，地球的自转速度在变慢，月球也以每年3.8cm 的速度远离地球，若不考虑其他变化，则在遥远的未来（ ） A.月球绕地球运行的周期将变短 B.月球表面的重力加速度将变大 C.地球的第一宇宙速度将变小 D.地球的同步卫星的高度将变大4.如图所示，某同学用绳子拉木箱，使它从静止开始沿粗糙水平路面运动至某一速度的过程，下列分析正确的是（ ） A.动能的增量等于拉力做的功 B.机械能增量等于拉力做的功C.摩擦产生的热量等于克服摩擦力做的功D.拉力越大该同学做的功越多5.河宽d ，一小船从A 岸到B 岸。
已知船在静水中的速度v 大小不变，航行中船头始终垂直河岸，水流的速度方向与河岸平行，若小船的运动轨迹如图所示，则 A.越接近河岸船的速度越大 B.越接近河岸水的流速越小 C.各处水的流速相同 D.船渡河所用的时间小于d t v=6．一辆质量为m 的汽车在平直公路上，以恒定功率P 行驶，经过时间t ，运动距离为s ，速度从v 1增加到v 2，已知所受阻力大小恒为f ，则下列表达式正确的是( ) A ．s ＝v 1＋v 22t B ．P ＝fv 1 C.P v 1－P v 2＝m (v 2－v 1)t D ．Pt －fs ＝12mv 22－12mv 21 7.如图所示，用三根细线a b c 、、将两个小球1和2悬挂起来，静止在竖直面内，已知两球重力均为G ，细线a 与竖直方向的夹角为30°，细线c 水平。
麓山国际实验学校2014年初三第三次限时训练语文试卷含答案
麓山国际实验学校2014—2015—1初三第三次限时训练语文试卷总分：150分时量：150分钟一、积累与运用（30分）1、下列各组词语字形或加点字注音全对的一项是（）（2分）A.怄．气（òu）窥．望（g uī）聒．噪（guō）怨怅．（chàng）簇新B.麾．军（huī）鸡肋．（lèi）趱．行（zǎn）谮．害（zèn）蓬蒿C.拙．病（zhuō）作揖．（qǐ）名讳．（huì）桑梓．（zī）慰藉D.害臊．（sào）憔．悴（jiāo）胡诌．（zhōu）啐．在脸上（cuì）干瘪2.下列句子中加点的成语使用不正确的一项是（）（2分）A.我的学习成绩并不拔尖，不敢在这里班门弄斧．．．．地谈什么学习方法。
B.这些孩子发现自己“吊篮子”惹了祸，在老师面前面面相觑．．．．，手足无措。
C.小红上课递纸条，被老师发现了，其实这纸条是别人递过来的，但小红舍生取义．．．．，承担了全部的责任。
D.俗话说，得道多助．．．．。
美国在世界上的朋友和盟友虽然是最多的，但是如果不继续秉持正义，．．．．，失道寡助照样可能陷入孤立，变成孤家寡人。
3.下列对病句的修改不正确的一项是（）（2分）A.中学生之所以喜欢网络小说的原因，在于这些作品大多思想感情丰富细腻，而且叙述方法自由活泼。
（语意重复，“之所以”和“的原因”去掉其中之一。
）B.我认为，应该尽可能使用简化字，不要滥用繁体字，这样会给汉字规范和青少年学习增加困难。
（表意不清，“这样”一词指代不明。
）C.望着白云缭绕的香炉峰和飞流直下的庐山瀑布，无不使游览者感受到大自然的壮美雄奇和神功伟力。
（缺主语，去掉“使”，并将“游览者”移到“无不”之前。
）D.他们在遇到困难的时候，并没有消沉，而是在大家的依赖和关怀中得到了力量，树立了克服困难的信心。
（用词不当，将“依赖”改为“依靠”。
）4.下列句子用语得体的一项是（）（2分）A.班长带同学们参观了新建的汽车站后，对站长说：“真不好意思，我们的光临给您带来了不少的麻烦！”B.我相信你读了我的文章后，一定会受益匪浅。
【37-A-综合应用能力】3天限时刷题-教师参考P17
参考答案限时刷题一【训练一】作用-乡村新闻官假设你是 H 县融媒体中心办公室主任助理，请根据背景材料完成下列任务：根据给定材料，请简要说明“乡村新闻官”在推动农业农村发展中的作用。
要求：概括准确，条理清晰，语言简洁，不超过250 字。
【2021 广东一】【参考答案】一是宣传人居环境整治政策。
利用大喇叭宣传门前三包、垃圾分类、动物圈养等政策，改善农村生活环境。
二是带动乡村休闲旅游。
通过拍摄系列视频，把当地的风景、民族文化、特色节日、手工艺品、美食等推介出去，吸引游客。
三是拓宽销售渠道。
协助电商平台推广优质农特产品，促进电商交易，提高产品价格和销量，助力农民增收致富。
四是推广农业技术。
和农科院技术人员合作，拍摄农业技术相关短视频，联系专家解决农业生产问题。
五是促进乡风文明。
改编村规民约并通过社交媒体进行宣传，推进形成勤俭节约、尊老爱幼的文明风尚。
【训练二】专利申请-问题+对策假设你是M 市知识产权发展研究中心工作人员赵刚，请根据背景材料完成任务：“材料1~3”中反映出某市专利申请过程中存在的一些问题，请就此提出改进建议。
要求：问题概括准确，条理清晰，针对性强；不超过400 字。
【参考答案】专利申请过程中存在企业申请专利“唯利是图”；专利代理包办包过；专利审查制度存在漏洞；买卖沟通渠道不畅；维持专利费用高、专利产业化难的问题。
针对以上问题，建议采取以下措施：第一，改变现有的专利补贴政策。
政府在进行专利补贴时应有一定的区分度，不能任何专利都享受补贴奖励，防止企业为“利”申请专利。
第二，规范专利代理机构。
政府相关部门应该出台相关的政策、法律，规范、管理专利代理市场，对专利代理机构进行必要的资格审查，整治代理乱象。
第三，搭建专利展示交易平台。
政府搭建专利展示交易平台，给买卖双方一个直接交流的机会，方便开展合作事宜。
第四，进行专利审查制度改革。
增加“实质审查”的比例，防止不具有专利性的专利申请被通过。
第五，减免维持专利费用，完善专利产业化的渠道和方式。
2020届中考物理重点专题力学限时训练03(含答案)
（4）工人最多能够提起多重的同种物体？
21.
一辆汽车为 50km 长的新建大桥进行通车测试，如图所示。汽车总质量为
1.5t，以 1
00km/h 的速度匀速通过大桥，受到的阻力是总重的
0.08 倍，全程消耗了 4kg 的汽油。 g 取 10
N / kg，求汽车通过大桥；
（ 1）所需的时间；
（ 2）牵引力所做的功；
力 f 的示意图。
G 和摩擦
（1）实验步骤的合理顺序是 ______，步骤 C 和 ______可以测出物块浸没在水中时受到的浮力 F 浮=______ N，步骤
B 和______可以测出物块排开的水所受重力 G 排；比较 F 浮与 G 排，可以得到结论是 ______。
（2）图乙是物块缓慢浸入水中时，弹簧测力计示数
烧杯中搅匀后，实验情形如图丁所示。比较丙、丁两次实验，小强得出了：在同一深度，液体的密度越大，其内部
的压强越大的结论。小宇认为他的结论是不可靠。原因是：
______。
19.
如图甲是 “探究浮力大小 ”的实验过程示意图。
17.
如图所示，一物体以某一速度冲上表面粗糙的固定斜面，请画出物体在上滑过程中所受的重力
a、b、c 三个容器中，
发现三容器中液面相平，用 pa、pb、pc 分别表示杯内液体对容器底的压强，用 pA、pB、 pC 分别表示容器对桌面的压
强（容器重忽略不计），则下列说法正确的是（
）
A. pa＞ pb＞ pc， pA=pB=pC
B. pa=pb=pc，pA＜ pB＜ pC C. pa=pb=pc，pA＞ pB＞ pC
13.
甲、乙、丙三辆小车同时、同地向同一方向运动，它们运动的图象如图所示，由图象可
高中数学章节限时训练基础题全套(含答案)
高中数学限时训练全套（基础含答案）1.1 集合的含义与基本关系时间：20分钟分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知集合M＝{x|－3<x≤5}，N＝{x|－5<x<5}，则M∩N等于()A．{x|－5<x<5} B．{x|－3<x<5}C．{x|－5<x≤5} D．{x|－3<x≤5}2．已知集合M＝{0,1}，则满足M∪N＝{0,1,2}的集合N的个数是()A．2 B．3 C．4 D．83．如图J1-1-1，U是全集，M，N，S是U的子集，则图中阴影部分所示的集合是()图J1-1-1A．(∁U M∩∁U N)∩S B．(∁U(M∩N))∩SC．(∁U N∩∁U S)∪M D．(∁U M∩∁U S)∪N4．下列集合表示同一集合的是()A．M＝{(3,2)}，N＝{(2,3)}B．M＝{(x，y)|x＋y＝1}，N＝{y|x＋y＝1}C．M＝{4,5}，N＝{5,4}D．M＝{1,2}，N＝{(1,2)}5．集合M＝{y|y＝x2－1，x∈R}，集合N＝{x|y＝9－x2，x∈R}，则M∩N等于() A．{t|0≤t≤3} B．{t|－1≤t≤3}C．{(－2，1)，(2，1)} D．∅6．下列各式中，正确的个数是()①{0}∈{0,1,2}；②{0,1,2}⊆{2,1,0}；③∅⊆{0,1,2}；④∅＝{0}；⑤{0,1}＝{(0,1)}；⑥0＝{0}A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．设U＝R，A＝{x|x>0}，B＝{x|x>1}，则A∩∁U B＝________.8．已知集合A＝{1,3，a}，B＝{1，a2－a＋1}，且B⊆A，则a＝________.9．设集合A＝{－1,1,3}，B＝{a＋2，a2＋4}，A∩B＝{3}，则实数a＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．集合A＝{x|x2＋5x－6≤0}，B＝{x|x2＋3x>0}，求A∪B和A∩B.1.2命题、量词与简单的逻辑联结词 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．下列语句中是命题的是( )①3>2；②π是有理数吗？③sin30°＝12；④x 2－1＝0有一个根为x ＝－1；⑤x >2.A ．①②③B ．①③④C ．③D ．②⑤ 2．下列命题中的假命题是( )A ．∃x ∈R ，lg x ＝0B ．∃x ∈R ，tan x ＝1C ．∀x ∈R ，x 3>0D ．∀x ∈R,2x >03．命题“∃x ∈R ，x 2－2x ＋1<0”的否定是( )A ．∃x ∈R ，x 2－2x ＋1≥0B ．∃x ∈R ，x 2－2x ＋1>0C ．∀x ∈R ，x 2－2x ＋1≥0D ．∀x ∈R ，x 2－2x ＋1<0 4．与命题“若a ∈M ，则b M ”等价的命题是( ) A ．若a M ，则b M B ．若b M ，则a ∈M C ．若a M ，则b ∈M D ．若b ∈M ，则a M5．已知命题p ：∀x ∈R ，ax 2＋2x ＋3>0，如果命题綈p 是真命题，那么实数a 的取值范围是( ) A ．a <13 B ．a ≤13 C ．0<a ≤13 D ．a ≥136．若“x >y ，则x 2>y 2”的逆否命题是( ) A ．若x ≤y ，则x 2≤y 2 B ．若x >y ，则x 2<y 2 C ．若x 2≤y 2，则x ≤y D ．若x <y ，则x 2<y 2 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分) 7．下列四个命题中：①∀x ∈R,2x 2－3x ＋4>0；②∀x ∈{1，－1,0},2x ＋1>0； ③∃x ∈N ，使x 2<x ；④∃x ∈N ，使x 为29的约数． 其中正确的为________．8．命题“存在x ∈R ，使得x 2＋2x ＋5＝0”的否定是________________．9．已知p (x )：x 2＋2x －m >0，如果p (1)是假命题，p (2)是真命题，则实数m 的取值范围为________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知命题p ：方程x 2＋mx ＋1＝0有两个不等的负实数根；命题q ：方程4x 2＋4(m －2)x ＋1＝0无实数根．若“p 或q ”为真命题，“p 且q ”为假命题，求m 的取值范围．1.3充分条件与必要条件 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．“a >0”是“|a |>0”的( )A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件 2．“x >0”是“x ≠0”的( )A ．充分而不必要条件B ．必要而不充分条件C ．充分必要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件 3．“x ，y 均为奇数”是“x ＋y 为偶数”的( ) A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件4．集合A ＝{x ||x |≤4，x ∈R }，B ＝{x |x <a }，则“A ⊆B ”是“a >5”的( ) A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件5．若条件p ：(x －1)(y －2)＝0，条件q ：(x －1)2＋(y －2)2＝0，则p 是q 的( ) A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件6．设x ，y ∈R ，则“x ≥2且y ≥2”是“x 2＋y 2≥4”的( ) A ．充分而不必要条件 B ．必要而不充分条件 C ．充分必要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．“x 1>0且x 2>0”是“x 1＋x 2>0且x 1x 2>0”的________条件．8．已知条件p ：x ≤1，条件q ：1x ＜1，则p 是綈q 成立的____________条件．9．“a ＝2”是“直线ax ＋2y ＝0平行于直线x ＋y ＝1”的__________________条件． 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知条件p ：|x －4|≤6，条件q ：x 2－mx －4－n 2≤0(n ＞0)．若p 是q 的充要条件，求m ，n 的值．2.1函数与映射的概念 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．函数f (x )＝4－xx －1的定义域为( ) A ．(－∞，4) B ．[4，＋∞) C ．(－∞，4] D ．(－∞，1)∪(1,4] 2．与函数y ＝x ＋1相等的函数是( )A ．y ＝x 2－1x －1B ．y ＝t ＋1C ．y ＝x 2＋2x ＋1D ．y ＝(x ＋1)23．设集合A 和B 都是平面上的点集{(x ，y )|x ∈R ，y ∈R }，映射f ：A →B 把集合A 中的元素(x ，y )映射成集合B 中的元素(x ＋y ，x －y )，则在映射f 下，象(2,1)的原象是( )A ．(3,1) B.⎝⎛⎭⎫32，12 C.⎝⎛⎭⎫32，－12 D ．(1,3) 4．已知函数f (x )的定义域为[－1,2)，则f (x －1)的定义域为( ) A ．[－1,2) B ．[0，－2) C ．[0,3) D ．[－2,1) 5．下列各图形中，是函数图象的是( )A B C D6．下列函数中，与函数y ＝1x有相同定义域的是( ) A ．f (x )＝ln x B ．f (x )＝1x C ．f (x )＝|x | D ．f (x )＝e x二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分) 7．函数y ＝16－x －x 2的定义域是________．8．函数y ＝lg (4－x )x －3的定义域是______________．9．若函数y ＝f (x )的定义域是[0,2]，则函数g (x )＝f (2x )x －1的定义域是________．三、解答题(共15分)10．若函数f (x )＝1x ＋1，求函数y ＝f [f (x )]的定义域．2.2函数的表示法 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．已知f (x )＝π(x ∈R )，则f (π2)等于( ) A ．π2 B ．π C.π D ．不确定 2．设f (x )＝x 2－1x 2＋1，则f (2)f ⎝⎛⎭⎫12＝( )A ．1B ．－1 C.35 D ．－353．下列函数中，值域为(0，＋∞)的是( ) A ．y ＝x B ．y ＝1xC ．y ＝1x D ．y ＝x 2＋14．汽车经过启动、加速行驶、匀速行驶、减速行驶之后停车，若把这一过程中汽车的行驶路程s 看作时间t 的函数，其图象可能是( )A B C D5．已知函数f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x ＋1，x ＜1，x 2＋ax ，x ≥1，若f (f (0))＝4a ，则实数a 等于( )A.12B.45C ．2D ．9 6．已知函数f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －2 (x ≥2)，－2 (x ＜2)，则f (lg20－lg2)＝( )A ．2B ．0C ．－1D ．－2 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分) 7．设函数f (x )＝41－x，若f (a )＝2，则实数a ＝________. 8．设f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 3x ＋1(x ≥0)，x 2(x <0)，g (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2－x 2(x ≤1)，2(x >1)，则f (g (3))＝________，g ⎝⎛⎭⎫f ⎝⎛⎭⎫－12＝________. 9．设f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧lg x ，x ＞0，10x ，x ≤0，则f (f (－2))＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．(1)若f (x ＋1)＝2x 2＋1，求f (x )的表达式； (2)若2f (x )－f (－x )＝x ＋1，求f (x )的表达式．一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．下列函数中，其中是偶函数的是( )A ．f (x )＝x ＋1xB ．f (x )＝x 3－2xC ．f (x )＝1x2 D ．f (x )＝x 4＋x 32．函数f (x )是偶函数，最小正周期为4，当x ∈[0,2]时，f (x )＝2x ，则f (11)＝( ) A ．－2 B ．2 C ．4 D ．8 3．若函数f (x )＝x(2x ＋1)(x －a )为奇函数，则a ＝( )A.12B.23C.34D ．1 4．若f (x )是R 上周期为5的奇函数，且满足f (1)＝1，f (2)＝2，则f (3)－f (4)＝( ) A ．－1 B ．1 C ．－2 D ．3 5．函数y ＝x －1x的图象( )A ．关于原点对称B ．关于直线y ＝－x 对称C ．关于y 轴对称D ．关于直线y ＝x 对称6．设f (x )是R 上的任意函数，则下列叙述正确的是( ) A ．f (x )f (－x )是奇函数 B ．f (x )|f (－x )|是奇函数 C ．f (x )－f (－x )是偶函数 D ．f (x )＋f (－x )是偶函数 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．已知f (x )是奇函数，当x ＜0时f (x )＝x 2＋3x ，则f (2)＝________.8．已知f (x )＝ax 2＋bx 是定义在[a －1,2a ]上的偶函数，那么a ＋b ＝________. 9．设函数f (x )＝(x ＋1)(x ＋a )x 为奇函数，则a ＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．奇函数f (x )在定义域(－1,1)上是减函数，且f (1＋a )＋f (1－a 2)＜0，求实数a 的取值范围．一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．函数f (x )＝x 2－4x ＋3的减区间是( ) A ．(－∞，－2)B ．(－∞，4)C ．(2，＋∞)D ．(－∞，2)2．下列函数在(0,1)上是增函数的是( )A ．y ＝1－2xB ．y ＝x －1C ．y ＝－x 2＋2xD ．y ＝5 3．函数f (x )＝x 3－3x 2＋1是减函数的区间为( ) A ．(2，＋∞) B ．(－∞，2) C ．(－∞，0) D ．(0,2) 4．函数f (x )＝1－1x在[3,4)上( )A ．有最小值无最大值B ．有最大值无最小值C ．既有最大值又有最小值D ．最大值和最小值皆不存在5．下列函数中，既是偶函数又在(0，＋∞)单调递增的函数是( ) A ．y ＝x 3 B ．y ＝|x |＋1 C ．y ＝－x 2＋1 D ．y ＝2－|x |6．若函数y ＝ax 与y ＝－bx 在(0，＋∞)上都是减函数，则y ＝ax 2＋bx 在(0，＋∞)上是( )A ．增函数B ．减函数C ．先增后减D ．先减后增 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．函数y ＝1－x 2的值域是____________．8．已知二次函数f (x )＝x 2＋ax －3在区间(2,4)单调，则a 的取值范围是____________． 9．函数y ＝x ＋1的单调递增区间为________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知函数f (x )＝1a －1x (a ＞0，x ＞0)．(1)判断函数f (x )在(0，＋∞)上的单调性； (2)若f (x )在⎣⎡⎦⎤12，2上的值域是⎣⎡⎦⎤12，2，求a 的值．一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．下列运算中，正确的是( )A ．a 2·a 3＝a 6B ．(－a 2)3＝(－a 3)2C ．(a －1)0＝0D ．(－a 2)3＝－a 6 2．当1<x <3时，化简(x －3)2＋(1－x )2的结果是( ) A ．4－2x B ．2 C ．2x －4 D ．4 3．计算212＋12－1－(1－5)0的结果是( ) A ．1 B ．2 2 C. 2 D ．2－124．化简－x 3x的结果是( )A ．－－x B.x C ．－x D.－x 5．下列各式错误的是( )A ．30.8>30.7B ．0.50.4>0.50.6C ．0.75－0.1<0.750.1 D ．(3)1.6>(3)1.46．若点(a,9)在函数y ＝3x 的图象上，则tan a π6的值为( )A ．0 B.33C ．1 D. 3 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分) 7．已知a ＝5－12，函数f (x )＝a x ，若实数m ，n 满足f (m )>f (n )，则m ，n 的大小关系为 ． 8．函数xx f )31()(=，x ∈[－1,2]的值域为________．9．指数函数f (x )＝a x (a ＞0，且a ≠1)在[1,2]上的最大值与最小值的差为a2，则a ＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．若函数f (x )＝a x －1(a >0，且a ≠1)的定义域和值域都是[0,2]，求实数a 的值．一、选择题(每小题5分，共25分) 1．log 22的值为( )A ．－ 2 B. 2 C ．－12 D.122．下列四个命题中真命题的个数是( ) ①若log x 3＝3，则x ＝9；②若log 4x ＝12，则x ＝2；③若＝0，则x ＝3；④若log 15x ＝－3，则x ＝125.A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个3．对数式log a －2(5－a )＝b 中，实数a 的取值范围是( ) A ．(－∞，5) B ．(2,5) C ．(2，＋∞) D ．(2,3)∪(3,5) 4．函数y ＝2＋log 2x (x ≥1)的值域为( )A ．(2，＋∞)B ．(－∞，2)C ．[2，＋∞)D ．[3，＋∞) 5．函数y ＝2－log 2x 的定义域是( )A ．(4，＋∞)B ．[4，＋∞)C ．(0,4]D ．(0,4) 二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)6．比较大小：log 0.2π________log 0.23.14(填“<”“>”或“＝”)． 7．函数f (x )＝log a ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x －12(a ＞0，a ≠1)的定义域是______． 8．设g (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧e x ，x ≤0，ln x ，x ＞0，则g ⎝⎛⎭⎫g ⎝⎛⎭⎫12＝________. 9．设2a ＝5b ＝m ，且1a ＋1b ＝2.则m ＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．已知函数f (x )＝log a (x ＋1)－log a (1－x )，a >0且a ≠1. (1)求f (x )的定义域； (2)判断f (x )的奇偶性并予以证明．一、选择题(每小题5分，共25分)1．若关于x 的方程x 2＋mx ＋1＝0，有两个不相等的实数根，则实数m 的取值范围是( ) A ．(－1,1) B ．(－2,2) C ．(－∞，－2)∪(2，＋∞) D ．(－∞，－1)∪(1，＋∞) 2．已知二次函数y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋c (a ≠0)的图象如图J2-7-1，则下列结论正确的是( )图J2-7-1A ．a ＞0B ．c ＜0C ．b 2－4ac ＜0D ．a ＋b ＋c ＞03．若一次函数y ＝kx ＋b 的函数值y 随x 的增大而减小，且图象与y 轴的负半轴相交，那么对k 和b 的符号判断正确的是( )A ．k ＞0，b ＞0B ．k ＞0，b ＜0C ．k ＜0，b ＞0D ．k ＜0，b ＜0 4．f (x )＝ax 2＋ax －1在R 上恒满足f (x )＜0，则a 的取值范围是( ) A ．a ≤0 B ．a ＜－4 C ．－4＜a ＜0 D ．－4＜a ≤05．已知函数f (x )＝－x 2＋4x ＋a ，x ∈[0,1]，若f (x )的最小值为－2，则f (x )的最大值为( ) A ．－1 B ．0 C ．1 D ．2 二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)6．若二次函数的图象经过点(0,1)，对称轴是x ＝2，最小值为－1，则它的解析式为_______． 7．二次函数y ＝f (x )满足f (3＋x )＝f (3－x )(x ∈R )且f (x )＝0有两个实根x 1，x 2，则x 1＋x 2＝________. 8．已知函数f (x )＝4x 2－mx ＋5在区间[－2，＋∞)上是增函数，则f (1)的范围是________． 9．函数f (x )＝(k 2－3k ＋2)x ＋b 在R 上是减函数，则k 的取值范围是__________． 10．幂函数f (x )＝23mmx 的图象关于y 轴对称，且在()0，＋∞递减，则整数m ＝______.三、解答题(共15分)11．f (x )＝－x 2＋ax ＋12－a4在区间[0,1]上的最大值为2，求a 的值．2.8幂函数时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．下列函数是幂函数的是( ) A ．y ＝2x B ．y ＝2x－1C ．y ＝(x ＋1)2D ．y ＝32x2．设α∈⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫－1，1，12，3，则使函数y ＝x α的定义域为R 且为奇函数的所有α值为( )A ．1,3B ．－1,1C ．－1,3D ．－1,1,3 3．下列幂函数中，定义域为R 的是( ) A ．y ＝x －2B ．y ＝x 12C ．y ＝x 13D ．y ＝x12-4．如图J2-8-1中曲线是幂函数y ＝x n 在第一象限的图象．已知n 取±2，±12四个值，则相应于曲线C 1，C 2，C 3，C 4的n 值依次为( )A ．－2，－12，12，2B ．2，12，－12，－2C ．－12，－2,2，12D ．2，12，－2，－125．已知点⎝⎛⎭⎫33，3在幂函数f (x )的图象上，则f (x )( ) A ．是奇函数 B ．是偶函数 C ．是非奇非偶函数 D ．既是奇函数又是偶函数 6．已知幂函数y ＝x n 的图象如图J2-8-2，则n 可能取的值是( )图J2-8-2A ．－2B ．2C ．－12 D.12二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分) 7．如果幂函数y ＝(m 2－3m ＋3)21mm x --的图象不过原点，则m 的取值是________．8．已知幂函数f (x )的图象过点(4,2)，则f ⎝⎛⎭⎫18＝________. 9．幂函数f (x )＝23mmx -的图象关于y 轴对称，且在()0，＋∞递减，则整数m ＝______.三、解答题(共15分) 10．已知f (x )＝(m 2＋2m )21m m x +-，m 为何值时，f (x )是(1)正比例函数； (2)反比例函数； (3)幂函数．2.9函数的图象一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－x ＋1(x ∈[－1，0))，x 2＋1(x ∈[0，1])，则下列函数图象正确的是( )2．要得到y ＝2·4－x 的图象，只需将函数y ＝23－2x的图象( )A ．向左平移2个单位B ．向右平移2个单位C ．向左平移1个单位D ．向右平移1个单位 3．函数f (x )＝4x ＋12x 的图象( )A ．关于原点对称B ．关于直线y ＝x 对称C ．关于x 轴对称D ．关于y 轴对称 4．下列图象中能表示函数y ＝f (x )的是( )5．一次函数y ＝ax ＋b (a ≠0)与二次函数y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋c (a ≠0)在同一坐标系中的图象大致是()A B C D 6．函数y ＝ln|x －1|的图象大致是( )二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．函数xy ⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛=21的图象关于直线y ＝x 对称的图象的解析式为________．8．把f (x )＝(x －2)2＋2的图象向左平移1个单位，再向上平移1个单位，所得图象对应的函数解析式是___． 9．设奇函数f (x )的定义域为[－5,5]．若当x ∈[0,5]时，f (x )的图象如图J2-9-1，则不等式f (x )＜0的解集是________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．直线y ＝1与曲线y ＝x 2－|x |＋a 有四个交点，求a 的取值范围．2.10函数与方程一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．如图J2-10-1所示的函数图象与x 轴均有交点，其中不能用二分法求图中交点横坐标的是( )① ② ③ ④A ．①②B ．①③C ．①④D ．③④2．用二分法研究函数f (x )＝x 3＋3x －1的零点时，第一次经计算得f (0)<0，f (0.5)>0，可得其中一个零点x 0∈________，第二次应计算________．以上横线上应填的内容分别为( )A ．(0,0.5)，f (0.25)B ．(0.1)，f (0.25)C ．(0.5,1)，f (0.25)D ．(0,0.5)，f (0.125) 3．函数f (x )＝2x ＋3x 的零点所在的一个区间是( )A ．(－2，－1)B ．(－1,0)C ．(0,1)D ．(1,2) 4．方程2x ＝2－x 的解的个数为( )A ．0个B ．1个C ．2个D ．3个5．函数f (x )＝log 2x ＋2x －1的零点所在的区间为( )A.⎝⎛⎭⎫0，12B.⎝⎛⎭⎫14，12C.⎝⎛⎭⎫12，1 D ．(1,2) 6．根据上图表格中的数据，可以判定函数f (x )＝e x －x －2的一个零点所在的区间为(k ，k ＋1)(k ∈Z )，则k 的值为( )A.－1 B ．0 C ．1 D ．2 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．用二分法求方程x 3－2x －5＝0在区间[2,3]内的实数根时，取区间中点x 0＝2.5，那么下一个有根区间是________．8．若f (x )＝x ＋b 的零点在区间(0,1)内，则b 的取值范围为________．9．函数f (x )＝3ax －2a ＋1在(－1,1)上存在x 0使f (x 0)＝0，则实数a 的取值范围是_________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．关于x 的方程mx 2＋2(m ＋3)x ＋2m ＋14＝0有两实根，且一个大于4，一个小于4，求实数m 的取值范围．x －1 0 1 2 3 e x 0.37 1 2.72 7.39 20.09 x ＋2123452.11抽象函数时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．若方程f (x )－2＝0在(－∞，0)内有解，则y ＝f (x )的图象是( )2．如果开口向上的二次函数f (t )对任意的t 有f (2＋t )＝f (2－t )，那么( ) A ．f (1)<f (2)<f (4) B ．f (2)<f (1)<f (4) C ．f (2)<f (4)<f (1) D ．f (4)<f (2)<f (1) 3．已知f (x ＋y )＋f (x －y )＝2f (x )·f (y )，且f (x )≠0，则f (x )是( ) A ．奇函数 B ．偶函数 C ．非奇非偶函数 D ．不确定4．f (x )满足f (m ＋n )＝f (m )·f (n )，若f (4)＝256，f (k )＝0.0625，则k 的值为( ) A ．－4 B ．－2 C.116 D.125．已知函数f (x )是定义在区间[－a ，a ](a >0)上的奇函数，F (x )＝f (x )＋1，则F (x )的最大值与最小值之和为( )A ．0B ．1C ．2D ．不能确定6．定义在R 上的函数f (x )的图象关于点⎝⎛⎭⎫－34，0成中心对称，对任意的实数x 都有f (x )＝－f ⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋32，且f (－1)＝1，f (0)＝－2，则f (1)＋f (2)＋…＋f (2 011)＝( )A ．－2B ．－1C ．0D ．1 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．已知函数y ＝f (x ＋1)的图象过点(3,2)，则函数f (x )的图象关于x 轴的对称图形一定过点________． 8．已知函数f (x )的定义域是[－1,2]，函数f [log 12(3－x )]的定义域为________________．9．设f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数，且y ＝f (x )的图象关于直线x ＝12对称，则f (1)＋f (2)＋f (3)＋f (4)＋f (5)＝______.三、解答题(共15分)10．已知函数y ＝f (x )对任意x ，y ∈R 均有f (x )＋f (y )＝f (x ＋y )，且当x ＞0时，f (x )＜0，f (1)＝－23.(1)判断并证明f (x )在R 上的单调性； (2)求f (x )在[－3,3]上的最值．2.12函数模型及其应用 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知A 、B 两地相距150千米，某人开汽车以60千米/时的速度从A 地前往B 地，到达B 地停留1小时后再以50千米/时的速度返回A 地，把汽车离开A 地的距离x (单位：千米)表示为时间t (单位：小时)的函数，则下列正确的是( )A ．x ＝60t ＋50t (0≤t ≤6.5)B ．x ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧60t ，0≤t ≤2.5150，2.5＜t ≤3.5150－50t ，3.5＜t ≤6.5C ．x ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧60t ，0≤x ≤2.5150－50t ，t ＞3.5 D ．x ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧60t ，0≤t ≤2.5150，2.5＜t ≤3.5150－50(t －3.5)，3.5＜t ≤6.52．某厂日产手套总成本y (单位：元)与手套日产量x (单位：副)的函数解析式为y ＝5x ＋4000，而手套出厂价格为每副10元，则该厂为了不亏本，日产手套至少为( )A ．200副B ．400副C ．600副D ．800副3．某工厂6年来生产某种产品的情况是：前三年年产量的增长速度越来越快，后三年年产量保持不变，则该厂6年来这种产品的总产量C 与时间t (单位：年)的函数关系图象正确的是( )A B C D4．按复利计算利率的储蓄，在银行整存一年，年息8%，零存每月利息2%，现把2万元存入银行3年半，取出后本利和应为人民币( )A ．[2(1＋8%)3.5]万元B ．[2(1＋8%)3(1＋2%)6]万元C ．[2(1＋8%)3＋2×2%×5]万元D ．[2(1＋8%)3＋2(1＋8%)3(1＋2%)6]万元5．下列函数中随x 的增大而增大且速度最快的是( ) A ．y ＝1100e x B ．y ＝100ln x C ．y ＝x 100 D ．y ＝100·2x6．某公司在甲、乙两地销售一种品牌车，利润(单位：万元)分别为L 1＝5.06x －0.15x 2和L 2＝2x ，其中x 为销售量(单位：辆)．若该公司在这两地共销售15辆车，则能获得的最大利润为( )A ．45.606B ．45.6C ．45.56D ．45.51 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．用一根长为12 m 的铝合金条做成一个“目”字形窗户的框架(不计损耗)，要使这个窗户通过的阳光最充足，则框架的长与宽应分别为__________________．8．由于电子技术的飞速发展，计算机的成本不断降低，若每隔5年计算机的价格降低13，则现在价格为8100元的计算机15年后的价格应降为________元．9．将进货单价为8元的商品按10元一个销售，每天可卖出100个．若每个涨价1元，则日销售量减少10个．为获得最大利润，则此商品日销售价应定为每个________元．三、解答题(共15分)10．为了尽快改善职工住房困难，鼓励个人购房和积累建房基金，决定购房的职工必须按基本工资的高低缴纳住房公积金，办法如下：2.13导数的概念及运算一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．函数f (x )＝x ，则f ′(3)等于( )A.36 B ．0 C.12 xD.32 2．设y ＝x 2·e x ，则y ′等于( )A ．x 2e x ＋2xB ．2x e xC ．(2x ＋x 2)e xD ．(x ＋x 2)·e x3．已知函数f (x )＝ax 2＋3x －2在点(2，f (2))处的切线斜率为7，则实数a 的值为( )A ．－1B ．1C ．±1D ．－24．过曲线y ＝1x上一点P 的切线的斜率为－4，则点P 的坐标为( )A.⎝⎛⎭⎫12，2B.⎝⎛⎭⎫12，2或⎝⎛⎭⎫－12，－2C.⎝⎛⎭⎫－12，－2D.⎝⎛⎭⎫12，－2 5．已知函数f (x )＝3x 3－5x ＋1，则f ′(x )是( )A ．奇函数B ．偶函数C ．非奇非偶函数D ．既奇又偶函数 6．曲线y ＝x 3＋11在点P (1,12)处的切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标是( )A ．－9B ．－3C ．9D ．15 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．函数f (x )＝ln x －x 2的导数为____________．8．函数f (x )＝ax 3＋3x 2＋2，若f ′(－1)＝4，则a 的值等于____________________． 9．曲线y ＝9x 在点M (3,3)处的切线方程是________．三、解答题(共15分)10．求曲线f (x )＝x 3－3x 2＋2x 过原点的切线方程．2.14导数的应用-单调性、极值、最值一、选择题(每小题5分，共25分) 1．函数y ＝x 2(x －3)的递减区间是( )A ．(－∞，0)B ．(2，＋∞)C ．(0,2)D ．(－2,2) 2．函数y ＝x 3－x 2－x ＋1在闭区间[－1,1]上的最大值是( )A.3227B.2627 C ．0 D ．－32273．函数f (x )＝x 3＋ax 2＋3x －9，已知f (x )在x ＝－3时取得极值，则a ＝( )A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．54．已知函数f (x )＝x 3＋ax 2＋(a ＋6)x ＋1有极大值和极小值，则实数a 的取值范围是( )A ．(－1,2)B ．(－∞，－3)∪(6，＋∞)C ．(－3,6)D ．(－∞，－1)∪(2，＋∞) 5．已知a >0，函数f (x )＝x 3－ax 在[1，＋∞)上是单调递增函数，则a 的最大值是( )A ．0B ．1C ．2D ．3 二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)6．函数y ＝f (x )在其定义域⎝⎛⎭⎫－32，3内可导，其图象如图J2-14-1，记y ＝f (x )的导函数为y ＝f ′(x )，则不等式f ′(x )≤0的解集为________．图J2-14-17．函数f (x )＝x 3－3x 2＋1在x ＝________处取得极小值． 8．函数f (x )＝x ln x 的单调递增区间是________．9．f (x )＝x 3－3x 2＋2在区间[－1,1]上的最大值是________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．设函数f (x )＝6x 3＋3(a ＋2)x 2＋2ax .(1)若f (x )的两个极值点为x 1，x 2，且x 1x 2＝1，求实数a 的值；(2)是否存在实数a ，使得f (x )是(－∞，＋∞)上的单调函数？若存在，求出a 的值；若不存在，说明理由．2.15导数在生活中的应用一、选择题(每小题5分，共25分)1．函数y ＝1＋3x －x 3有( )A ．极小值－1，极大值1B ．极小值－2，极大值3C ．极小值－2，极大值2D ．极小值－1，极大值32．炼油厂某分厂将原油精炼为汽油，需对原油进行冷却和加热，如果第x 小时，原油温度(单位：℃)为f (x )＝13x 3－x 2＋8(0≤x ≤5)，那么，原油温度的瞬时变化率的最小值是( ) A ．8 B.203C ．－1D ．－83．设曲线y ＝ax 2在点(1，a )处的切线与直线2x －y －6＝0平行，则a ＝( )A ．1 B.12 C ．－12D ．－14．曲线y ＝e x 在点(2，e 2)处的切线与坐标轴所围三角形的面积为( )A.94e 2 B ．2e 2 C ．e 2 D.12e 2 5．方底无盖水箱的容积为256，则最省材料时，它的高为( )A ．4B ．6C ．4.5D ．8 二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)6．若f (x )＝x 3，f ′(x )＝3，则x 0的值为________．7．已知f (x )＝2x 3－6x 2＋m (m 为常数)，在[－2,2]上有最大值3，那么此函数在[－2,2]上的最小值为________． 8．有一长为16 m 的篱笆，要围成一个矩形场地，则矩形场地的最大面积是________m 2. 9．如图已知函数y ＝f (x )的图象在点P 处的切线方程是y ＝－x ＋8，则f (5)＋f ′(5)＝________. 三、解答题(共15分)10．在边长为60 cm 的正方形铁皮的四角切去相等的正方形，再把它的边沿虚线折起，做成一个无盖的方底箱子，箱底边长为多少时，箱子容积最大？最大容积是多少？3.1任意角、弧度制和任意角的三角函数值一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知角α终边上一点的坐标是(3，－4)，则sinα＝()A.35B．－35 C.45D．－452．圆内一条弦长等于半径，这条弦所对的圆心角为()A.π6弧度 B.π3弧度 C.12弧度D．以上都不对3．若sinθ>0且sinθcosθ<0，则角θ的终边所在象限是()A．第一象限B．第二象限C．第三象限D．第四象限4．sin2cos3tan4的值()A．小于0 B．大于0 C．等于0 D．不存在5．在下列各组角中，终边不相同的是()A．60°与－300°B．230°与950°C．1050°与－300°D．－1000°与800°6．若一扇形的圆心角为72°，半径为20 cm，则扇形的面积为()A．40π cm2B．80π cm2 C．40 cm2D．80 cm2二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．写出－720°到720°之间与－1068°终边相同的角的集合________________．8．已知α的顶点在原点，始边与x轴非负半轴重合，点P(－4m,3m)(m＞0)是α终边上一点，则2sinα＋cosα＝________.9．已知点P(tanα，cosα)在第三象限，则角α的终边在第________象限．三、解答题(共15分)10．设90°＜a＜180°.角α的终边上一点为P(x，5)，且cosα＝24x，求sinα与tanα的值．3.2同角三角函数及诱导公式一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．cos300°＝( )A ．－32B ．－12 C.12 D.32 2．已知sin α＝35，则sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π2＋α的值为( )A ．±45B ．－45 C.45 D ．－353．α是第四象限角，tan α＝－34，则sin α＝( )A.35 B ．－35 C.45 D ．－454．sin 2(π＋α)－cos(π＋α)cos(－α)＋1的值为( )A ．1B ．2sin 2αC ．0D ．25．已知sin α＝55，则sin 4α－cos 4α的值为( )A ．－15B ．－35 C.15 D.35 6．若sin α＋cos α2sin α－cos α＝2，则tan α＝( )A ．1B ．－1 C.34 D ．－43 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．已知tan α＝3，则sin α＋cos αsin α－2cos α＝______.8.cos (－585°)sin495°＋sin (－570°)的值是______．9．若sin θ＝－45，tan θ>0，则cos θ＝________. 三、解答题(共15分)10．求证：cos (θ＋π)·sin 2(θ＋3π)tan (π＋θ)·cos 3(－π－θ)＝tan θ.3.3三角函数的图象与性质 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分) 1．函数f (x )＝2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π2－x 是( )A ．最小正周期为2π的奇函 数B ．最小正周期为2π的偶函数C ．最小正周期为π的奇函数D ．最小正周期为π的偶函数 2．使cos x ＝1－m 有意义的m 值为( )A ．m ≥0B ．m ≤0C ．0≤m ≤2D ．－2≤m ≤0 3．函数y ＝4sin(2x ＋π)的图象关于( )A ．x 轴对称B ．原点对称C ．y 轴对称D ．直线x ＝π2对称4．函数y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x ＋π3图象的对称轴方程可能是( ) A ．x ＝－π6 B ．x ＝－π12 C ．x ＝π6 D ．x ＝π125．函数y ＝2－sin x 的最大值及取最大值时x 的值为( ) A ．y max ＝3，x ＝π2 B ．y max ＝1，x ＝π2＋2k π(k ∈Z )C ．y max ＝3，x ＝－π2＋2k π(k ∈Z )D ．y max ＝3，x ＝π2＋2k π(k ∈Z )6．下列关系式中正确的是( )A ．sin11°＜cos10°＜sin168°B ．sin168°＜sin11°＜cos10°C ．sin11°＜sin168°＜cos10°D ．sin168°＜cos10°＜sin11° 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．函数y ＝sin 2x ＋sin x －1的值域为________．8．设M 和m 分别是函数y ＝13cos x －1的最大值和最小值，则M ＋m ＝________.9．函数y ＝tan ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x ＋π4的图象与x 轴交点的坐标是________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．设函数f (x )＝sin(2x ＋φ)(－π＜φ＜0)，y ＝f (x )图象的一条对称轴是直线x ＝π8.(1)求φ；(2)求函数y ＝f (x )的单调增区间．3.4函数y ＝A sin(ωx ＋φ)的图象 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．函数y ＝3sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋π3的图象的一个对称中心是( ) A ．(0,0) B.⎝⎛⎭⎫π3，0 C.⎝⎛⎭⎫－π3，0 D ．(3,0) 2．要得到函数y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x －π4的图象，可以把函数y ＝sin2x 的图象( ) A ．向左平移π8个单位 B ．向右平移π8个单位C ．向左平移π4个单位D ．向右平移π4个单位3．函数y ＝sin(2x ＋φ)(0≤φ≤π)是R 上的偶函数，则φ的值是( ) A ．0 B.π4 C.π2D ．π4．下列函数中，图象的一部分如图J3-4-1的是( )图J3-4-1A ．y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋π6B ．y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x －π6C ．y ＝cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫4x －π3D ．y ＝cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x －π6 5．函数y ＝2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫3x －π4的图象的两条相邻对称轴之间的距离是( ) A.π3 B.2π3 C ．π D.4π36．若函数f (x )＝2sin(ωx ＋φ)，x ∈R ⎝⎛⎭⎫其中ω＞0，|φ|＜π2的最小正周期是π，且f (0)＝3，则( ) A ．ω＝12，φ＝π6 B ．ω＝12，φ＝π3C ．ω＝2，φ＝π6D ．ω＝2，φ＝π3二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．将函数y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋π3的图象向右平移π6个单位，再向上平移2个单位所得图象对应的函数解析式是________．8．函数f (x )＝A sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫ωx ＋π3(A >0，ω>0)在一个周期内，当x ＝π12时，函数f (x )取得最大值2，当x ＝7π12时，函数f (x )取得最小值－2，则函数解析式为________．9．对于函数f (x )＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x ＋π3，有下列四个结论： ①f (x )的图象关于直线x ＝π3对称；②f (x )的图象关于点⎝⎛⎭⎫π4，0对称；③把f (x )的图象向左平移π12个单位，得到一个偶函数的图象；④f (x )的最小正周期为π，且在⎣⎡⎦⎤0，π6上为增函数． 其中正确命题的序号是________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知函数y ＝sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x ＋π4＋1. (1)用“五点法”画出函数的草图；(2)函数图象可由y ＝sin x 的图象怎样变换得到？3.5两角和与差及二倍角的三角函数公式时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．若tan α＝3，tan β＝43，则tan(α－β)等于( )A ．－3B ．－13C ．3 D.132．下列各式中，值为32的是( ) A ．2sin15°cos15° B ．cos 215°－sin 215° C ．2sin 215° D ．sin 215°＋cos 215° 3．已知sin α＝35⎝⎛⎭⎫0<α<π2，则cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫α＋π4＝( ) A.7 210 B.210 C ．－7 210 D ．－210 4．已知sin α＝55，则sin 4α－cos 4α＝( ) A.35 B.15 C ．－35 D ．－155．函数f (x )＝sin2x －cos2x 的最小正周期是( ) A.π2B ．ΠC ．2πD ．4π 6．已知x ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫－π2，0，cos x ＝45，则tan2x 等于( ) A.724 B ．－724 C.247 D ．－247 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．计算sin43°cos13°－cos43°sin13°的结果等于________8．已知sin(π＋α)＝－13，且α是第二象限角，那么sin2α＝________.9．函数f (x )＝2cos 2x ＋sin2x 的最小值是________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知tan(π＋α)＝－13，求sin2⎝⎛⎭⎫π2－α＋4cos 2α10cos 2α－sin2α的值．3.6简单的三角恒等变换 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知sin α＝35，则sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π2＋2α的值为( ) A ．±1225 B ．－725 C.725 D.12252．已知α是第二象限角，且cos α＝－35，则cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫π4－α的值是( ) A.210 B ．－210 C.7 210 D ．－7 2103．sin α＋cos α＝35，则sin2α＝( )A.1625 B ．－1625 C ．－825 D ．±825 4.1－3tan75°3＋tan75°的值等于( )A ．2＋ 3B ．2－3C ．1D ．－1 5.2－sin 22＋cos4＝( )A ．sin2B ．－cos2 C.3cos2 D ．－3cos2 6．若cos2αsin ⎝⎛⎭⎫α－π4＝－22，则sin α＋cos α的值为( )A ．－72 B ．－12 C.12 D.72二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．若cos α＝17，α∈⎝⎛⎭⎫0，π2，则cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫α＋π3＝________. 8．设tan(α＋β)＝25，tan ⎝⎛⎭⎫β－π4＝14，则tan ⎝⎛⎭⎫α＋π4＝______. 9．若sin θ2－2cos θ2＝0，则tan θ＝________.三、解答题(共15分)10．已知α为第二象限角，且sin α＝154，求sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫α＋π4sin2α＋cos2α＋1的值．3.7正弦定理和余弦定理 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知△ABC 中，a ＝2，b ＝3，B ＝60°，那么角A ＝( ) A ．135° B ．90° C ．45° D ．30°2．已知a ，b ，c 是△ABC 三边之长，若满足等式(a ＋b －c )(a ＋b ＋c )＝ab ，则角C 的大小为( ) A ．60° B ．90° C ．120° D ．150°3．若△ABC 的三个内角满足sin A ∶sin B ∶sin C ＝5∶11∶13，则△ABC ( ) A ．一定是锐角三角形 B ．一定是直角三角形 C ．一定是钝角三角形D ．可能是锐角三角形，也可能是钝角三角形 4．在△ABC 中，若b ＝2a sin B ，则A 等于( ) A ．30°或60° B ．45°或60° C ．120°或60° D ．30°或150° 5．有下列判断：①△ABC 中，a ＝7，b ＝14，A ＝30°，有两解； ②△ABC 中，a ＝30，b ＝25，A ＝150°，有一解； ③△ABC 中，a ＝6，b ＝9，A ＝45°，有两解； ④△ABC 中，b ＝9，c ＝10，B ＝60°，无解． 不正确的结论有( )A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个6．在△ABC 中，已知sin A cos B ＝sin C ，那么△ABC 一定是( ) A ．直角三角形 B ．等腰三角形 C ．等腰直角三角形 D ．正三角形 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．若在△ABC 中，A ＝60°，b ＝2，△ABC 的面积为2 3，则a ＝________. 8．在△ABC 中，若b ＝1，c ＝3，C ＝2π3，则a ＝________.9．在△ABC 中，若a ＝14，b ＝7 6，B ＝60°，则C ＝________. 三、解答题(共15分)10．在△ABC 中，B ＝120°，AC ＝7，AB ＝5，求△ABC 的面积．3.8解三角形应用举例 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．从A 处望B 处的仰角为α，从B 处望A 处的俯角为β，则α，β的关系为( ) A ．α＞β B ．α＝βC ．α＋β＝90°D ．α＋β＝180°2．两灯塔A ，B 与海洋观察站C 的距离都等于a (km)，灯塔A 在C 北偏东30°，B 在C 南偏东60°，则A ，B 之间距离为( )A.2a kmB.3a km C ．a km D ．2a km3．如图J3-8-1，设A ，B 两点在河的两岸，一测量者在A 的同侧，在所在的河岸边选定一点C ，测出AC 的距离为50 m ，∠ACB ＝45°，∠CAB ＝105°后，就可以计算出A ，B 两点的距离为( )A ．50 2 mB ．50 3 mC ．25 2 m D.25 22m4．渡轮以15 km/h 的速度沿与水流方向成120°角的方向行驶，水流速度为4 km/h ，则渡轮实际航行的速度为(精确到0.1 km/h)( )A ．14.5 km/hB ．15.6 km/hC ．13.5 km/hD ．11.3 km/h5．甲、乙两楼相距20 m ，从乙楼底望甲楼顶的仰角为60°，从甲楼顶望乙楼顶的俯角为30°，则甲、乙两楼的高分别是( )A ．20 3 m ，40 33 mB ．10 3 m,20 3 mC ．10(3－2) m,20 3 m D.15 32 m ，20 33m 6．一船以每小时15 km 的速度向东航行，船在A 处看到一个灯塔B 在北偏东60°，行驶4 h 后，船到达C 处，看到这个灯塔在北偏东15°，这时船与灯塔的距离为( )A ．20 kmB ．30 kmC ．20 2 kmD ．30 2 km 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．某人从A 处出发，沿北偏东60°行走3 3 km 到B 处，再沿正东方向行走2 km 到C 处，则A ，C 两地距离为________km.8．在200 m 高的山顶上，测得山下一塔的塔顶与塔底的俯角分别是30°，60°，则塔高为________m. 9．江岸边有一炮台高30 m ，江中有两条船，船与炮台底部在同一水面上，由炮台顶部测得俯角分别为45°和60°，而且两条船与炮台底部连线成30°角，则两条船相距________m.三、解答题(共15分)10．隔河看两目标A 与B ，但不能到达，在岸边先选取相距3千米的C ，D 两点，同时，测得∠ACB ＝75°，∠BCD ＝45°，∠ADC ＝30°，∠ADB ＝45°(A ，B ，C ，D 在同一平面内)，求两目标A ，B 之间的距离．4.1平面向量及其线性运算 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．如图J4-1-1，在平行四边形ABCD 中，下列结论中错误的是( ) A.AB →＝DC → B .AD →＋AB →＝AC → C.AB →－A D →＝BD → D .AD →＋CB →＝0 2．△ABC 中，BC →＝a ，CA →＝b ，则AB →等于( ) A ．a ＋b B ．－(a ＋b ) C ．a －b D ．b －a 3．化简AC →－BD →＋CD →－AB →得( ) A.AB → B.DA → C.BC →D ．04．设P 是△ABC 所在平面内的一点，BC →＋BA →＝2BP →，则( ) A.P A →＋PB →＝0 B.PC →＋P A →＝0 C.PB →＋PC →＝0 D.P A →＋PB →＋PC →＝0 5．如图J4-1-2，D 是△ABC 的边AB 上的中点，则向量CD →＝( )A ．－BC →＋12BA →B ．－BC →－12BA → C.BC →－12BA → D.BC →＋12BA →6．若|OA →＋OB →|＝|OA →－OB →|，则非零向量OA →，OB →的关系是( ) A ．平行 B ．重合 C ．垂直 D ．不确定 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．将4(3a ＋2b )－2(b －2a )化简成最简式为______________．8．在▱ABCD 中，M 是BC 的中点，且AB →＝a ，AD →＝b ，AN →＝3NC →，则MN →＝______________. 9．若AB →＝3a ，CD →＝－5a ，且|AD →|＝|BC →|，则四边形ABCD 的形状是______________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．如图J4-1-3，在△ABC 中，D ，E 为边AB 的两个三等分点，CA →＝3a ，CB →＝2b ，求CD →，CE →.图J4-1-34.2平面向量基本定理及坐标表示 时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．设平面向量a ＝(3,5)，b ＝(－2,1)，则a －2b ＝( ) A ．(7,3) B ．(7,7) C ．(1,7) D ．(1,3)2．已知向量a ＝(x ，y )，b ＝(－1,2)，且a ＋b ＝(1,3)，则|a |等于( ) A. 2 B.3 C. 5 D.103．已知向量a ＝(－3,2)，b ＝(x ，－4)，若a ∥b ，则x ＝( ) A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．74．已知四边形ABCD 的三个顶点A (0,2)，B (－1，－2)，C (3,1)，且BC →＝2AD →，则顶点D 的坐标为( ) A.⎝⎛⎭⎫2，72 B.⎝⎛⎭⎫2，－12 C ．(3,2) D ．(1,3) 5．已知a ＝(1,2)，b ＝(－3,2)，当k a ＋b 与a －3b 平行时，k ＝( ) A.14 B ．－14 C ．－13 D.136．在平行四边形ABCD 中，AC 为一条对角线，若AB →＝(2,4)，AC →＝(1,3)，则BD →等于( ) A ．(－2，－4) B ．(－3，－5) C ．(3,5) D ．(2,4) 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．若A (0,1)，B (1,2)，C (3,4)，则AB →－2BC →＝________.8．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，四边形ABCD 的边AB ∥DC ，AD ∥BC .已知A (－2,0)，B (6,8)，C (8,6)，则D 点的坐标为________．9．已知向量a ＝(3,1)，b ＝(1,3)，c ＝(k,7)，若(a －c )∥b ，则k ＝________. 三、解答题(共15分)10．已知a ＝(1,2)，b ＝(－3,2)，当实数k 取何值时，k a ＋2b 与2a －4b 平行？时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．已知向量a ＝(2,1)，b ＝(－1，k )，a ·(2a －b )＝0，则k ＝( ) A ．－12 B ．－6 C ．6 D ．122．已知向量a ，b ，满足|a |＝1，|b |＝4，且a·b ＝2，则a 与b 的夹角为( ) A.π6 B.π4 C.π3 D.π23．已知a ，b 均为单位向量，它们的夹角为60°，那么|a ＋3b |＝( ) A ．4 B.10 C.13 D ．134．若向量a ＝(1,2)，b ＝(1，－1)，则2a ＋b 与a －b 的夹角等于( ) A ．－π4 B.π6 C.π4 D.3π45．若平面向量a ＝(1，－2)与b 的夹角是180°，且|b |＝3 5，则b 等于( ) A ．(－3,6) B ．(3，－6) C ．(6，－3) D ．(－6,3)6．设向量a ＝(1,0)，b ＝⎝⎛⎭⎫12，12，则下列结论中正确的是( ) A ．|a |＝|b | B ．a ·b ＝22C ．a ∥bD ．a －b 与b 垂直 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．已知向量a 和向量b 的夹角为30°，|a |＝2，|b |＝3，则向量a 和向量b 的数量积a·b ＝______. 8．若|a |＝3，|b |＝2，且a 与b 的夹角为60°，则|a －b |＝______.9．已知向量a ，b 满足(a ＋2b )·(a －b )＝－6，且|a |＝1，|b |＝2，则a 与b 的夹角为________． 三、解答题(共15分)10．设向量a ，b 满足|a |＝|b |＝1及|3a －2b |＝7. (1)求a ，b 夹角的大小；(2)求|3a ＋b |的值．时间：20分钟 分数：60分一、选择题(每小题5分，共30分)1．人骑自行车的速度是v 1，风速为v 2，则逆风行驶的速度为( ) A ．v 1－v 2 B ．v 1＋v 2 C ．|v 1|－|v 2| D.⎪⎪⎪⎪v 1v 22．若向量OF 1→＝(1,1)，OF 2→＝(－3，－2)分别表示两个力F 1，F 2，则|F 1＋F 2|为( ) A.10 B ．2 5 C. 5 D.153．一艘船以5 km/h 的速度在行驶，同时河水的流速为2 km/h ，则船的实际航行速度范围是( ) A ．(3,7) B ．(3,7] C ．[3,7] D ．(2,7)4．在边长为1的正六边形ABCDEF 中，则AC →·BD →等于( ) A.52 B.32 C ．1 D.125．已知P 是△ABC 所在平面内一点，若CB →＝λP A →＋PB →，其中λ∈R ，则点P 一定在( ) A ．△ABC 的内部 B ．AC 边所在直线上 C ．AB 边所在直线上 D ．BC 边所在直线上 6．已知点A (－2,0)，B (3,0)，动点P (x ，y )满足P A →·PB →＝x 2，则点P 的轨迹是( ) A ．圆 B ．椭圆 C ．双曲线 D ．抛物线 二、填空题(每小题5分，共15分)7．平面上有三个点A (－2，y )，B ⎝⎛⎭⎫0，y 2，C (x ，y )，若AB →⊥BC →，则动点C 的轨迹方程为________． 8．已知A ，B 是圆心为C ，半径为5的圆上的两点，且|AB |＝5，则AC →·CB →＝________.9．用两条成120°角的等长绳子悬挂一个灯具，已知灯具重量为10 N ，则每根绳子的拉力大小为________．三、解答题(共15分)10．已知向量a ＝(sin θ， 3)，b ＝(1，cos θ)，θ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫－π2，π2. (1)若a ⊥b ，求θ的值； (2)求|a ＋b |的最大值．。
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练(含答案)
2023届高三英语晚自习限时训练一、阅读理解AWhether you want to absorb yourself in luxury (奢华) or make memories thatwill last a lifetime, consider South Carolina for your next beach vacation!Folly BeachSometimes called one of America last true beach towns, Folly Island is charming, with clothing shops and seafood restaurants of every kind along Center Street. There’s something for everyone, whether you’re a surfer, cyclist, boater, you love fishing, or you’re interested in the island’s rich sea-wildlife, complex history, Folly Beach is a great place for culture too.Hilton HeadFamous for its luxury accommodations, low country-beaches, and 30 world-class golf courses, and 300 tennis courts, Hilton Head was the first eco-planned destination in the United States. While Hilton Head is famous for its expensive offerings, there’s plenty of exploring for families and nature lovers.Edisto BeachEdisto Beach is a great place for nature lovers. A vacation at Edisto beach includes adventure in the great outdoors. Hike, fish, and explore the beach. Edisto Beach provides affordable beach fun, like oceanfront and forest campsites.Bull IslandBull Island is known for its bird-life, with more than 293 species recorded there. Kids love spotting an American Bald Eagle. Naturalist-guided tours are great for all ages if observing black foxes is on your bucket list.1. Which beach best suits those who are eager to get experience in various activities as well as local culture?A．Folly Beach. B．Hilton Head. C．Edisto Beach. D．Bull Island.2. What is probably the major concern for tourists before going to Hilton Head? A．Safety. B．Cost. C．Location. D．Activities.3. What might make people choose Bull Island rather than Edisto Beach?A．Its sea-wildlife. B．Its golf-course. C．Its bird-life. D．Its campsites.BMost young, single Singaporeans live with their parents. But some are moving into their own places as social norms (规范) develop.When Alan, a civil servant willing to challenge and reform this conventional stereotype (陈规), decided to move out of his family home in Singapore, it still took the 27-year-old a month to talk about the topic with his parents. He feared they wouldn’t understand. After all, Alan’s home was a pleasant place. The family’s three-bedroom condominium (公寓) wasn’t far from the city-state’s central business district. There was homemade dinner on the table each night, and his laundry was always donefor him. “There wasn’t a push factor, just pull factors,” he says. “I’d lived with my parents my whole life, so I just wanted to experience what it’s like being by myself, you know?”In the West, leaving home is just another milestone in adulthood. Yet in most Asian societies, things are different. Culturally, moving out is sometimes considered as showing disrespect to your parents, which makes it even challenging and praiseworthy. In Singapore, living at home until marriage is a common practice; an estimated 97% of unmarried individuals lived with their parents in 2013.While the trend is in part driven by deep-rooted ideas of filial piety (孝道), it’s also linked to government policies on accommodation for young people. Most Singaporeans live in public housing units, apartments funded by the state that are known as HDBs. About 90% of those who live in HDBs own their home.Those who can’t buy HDBs can rent via the private property market — but costs are much higher. “These cost restrictions,” says Dr Chua, a professor of sociology, “effectively keep most young, unmarried people living at home with their parents.”Yet Alan, who now rents a flat in Hougang with two friends from junior college, is among the courageous young pioneers resisting the long-time cultural norm. These commendable young people are deciding that the price of the freedom to organize their own life is worth it and stepping out of their home.；4. What can we know from the second and third paragraphs?A．The East and the West are very different in most aspects.B．Alan decided to live separately mainly due to some objective reasons.C．The majority of single young people followed social customs in living in 2013. D．In the East, it is culturally acceptable for the young to live separately from the elderly.；5. What mainly causes most single young people to live with their parents in Singapore?A．Their parents’ expectations.B．Their personal wish.C．The home environment. D．The traditional culture and housing prices.；6. What is the author’s attitude towards the young Singaporeans like Alan moving out? A．Confused. B．Positive. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.；7. What is the best title for the text?A．Young Singaporeans’ Relationship with Their ParentsB．Young Singaporeans Fighting Against Old Social CustomsC．Young Singaporeans Striking Out Their Way to IndependenceD．Young Singaporeans’ New Way to Solve High Housing PricesCEradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of our country’s continuous problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snacklovers: Rather than throw your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, wher e Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they cut them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use materials from old coats to line the insides. It takes about four hours to make a sleepi ng bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “not allowed water to enter, not heavy, and not difficult to carry around,” Oleita said. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800, 000 chip bags and created 110 sleeping bags since last December.Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of achieving a better life－and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she says.And, of course, there’s the symbolism of saving bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita stated, “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”8. What’s the aim of the Chip Bag Project?A．To draw the snack lover’s attention to the homeless.B．To change the chip bags into sleeping bags for the homeless.C．To recycle the garbage to remove the poverty for the country.D．To help solve the environmental pollution caused by chip bags.9. What can we learn from Para. 2?A．Chip eaters can place the empty bags wherever they want.B．Eradajere Oleita collects the empty chip bags independently.C．The sleeping bags are tough but not easy to carry around.D．The procedure of making a sleeping bag needs masses of chip bags.10. What does the words mean by Oleita in Para. 3?A．The environmental issues should be stressed.B．Poverty should be lifted out of the homeless.C．The Chip Bag Project will impact the society and environment.D．The Chip Bag Project will be devoted to achieving a better life.11. What can be inferred from the text?A．Chip bags are always used to help the homeless.B．Chip bags are only useful in addressing the environmental problems.C．The issues of environment and poverty will be stressed in the future. D．Environmental injustice and poverty are disconnected with each other.二、七选五阅读It is very important to keep fit and stay healthy. A lot of people fail to believethe good that daily exercise does to health and only begin to do so when they suffer from health problems. 12Regular(经常的)exercise helps you keep in good shape. Maybe, you are one ofthe many overweight people struggling with problems of body shape, yet you do not want to do anything about that. Sometimes you see very nice clothes, but they don’tfit you because of your body size. 13Doing exercise keeps you thinking quickly at all times. It’s a perfect way of developing the strength of your mind. 14 Besides, there is a reason why most athletes are usually happy. The release(释放)of dopamine (多巴胺) when doing exercise changes their feelings for the better. 15 Run around the blocks each morning, jog or lift weights and see how much good doing exercise does to your m ind.The good of doing exercise every day is endless, but a lot of people pay no attention to it and finally develop lifestyle-related illnesses later in life. So taking exercise is very important and some of the results of not taking exercise are very serious.16 Having fitness goals that mean something to you will help you keep a strict fitness schedule and achieve the result you want. Besides, using fitness trackers, you can monitor your general physical activity and find out whether you have mad e progress.A．Then why is it important to stay fit?B．How can you drive yourself to exercise?C．Setting high goals for exercise is very important.D．Everyone hopes to live a relaxing and comfortable life.E．So keeping your body active improves the work of your brain.F．Fitness exercise will help you lose extra fat and be in great shape.G．Maybe not having enough exercise is the reason for your easy anger.三、完型填空I have a friend named Monty Roberts who owns a horse ranch (牧场). He has let me use his 17 to raise money for poor students. 18 I was there he introduced me by saying, “I want to tell you why I let Jack use my house. It all goes back to a story about a boy who was the son of a poor horse trainer.”One day the boy was 19 to write a paper about what he wanted to do whenhe grew up. He wrote a paper describing his 20 of someday owning a horse ranch. Two days later he 21 his paper back. On the front page was a large red “F” with a note 22 , “See me after class.”The boy went to see the teacher after class and asked, “Why did I receive an F?” The teacher said, “This is a(n) 23 dream for a young boy like you. You have no coins. Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money.” Then the teac her added, “Ifyou 24 rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will 25 your grade.” The boy went home and thought about it long and hard. Finally, the boy 26 thesame paper, making no 27 at all. He said, “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my 28 .”Having told the story, Monty said, “I tell you this story 29 you are sitting on my 200-acre horse ranch. I still have that school paper 30 over the fireplace.” He added, “The best part of the story is t hat the same teacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a week.”When the teacher was leaving, he said, “Look, Monty, I can tell you this now. When I was your teacher, I was something of a dream 31 . Fortunately you had enough determination not to give up.” Don’t let anyone steal your dreams. Follow your heart, no matter what happens.17. A．horse B．house C．ranch D．fame18. A．Next time B．The moment C．Each time D．Last time19. A．forced B．encouraged C．asked D．ordered20. A．process B．goal C．possibility D．chance21. A．accepted B．sent C．received D．put22. A．writing B．printing C．telling D．reading23. A．unrealistic B．unlucky C．inspiring D．practical24. A．must B．will C．shall D．may25. A．reconsider B．rediscover C．regain D．reinvent26. A．took in B．handed out C．turned in D．carried on27. A．money B．decisions C．mistakes D．changes28. A．word B．promise C．spirit D．dream29. A．because B．though C．when D．but30. A．delivered B．repaired C．framed D．taken31. A．stealer B．seeker C．giver D．maker四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
九年级英语限时训练(附参考答案)
九年级英语限时训练（附参考答案）（满分35分时间25分钟）一、单词拼写（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）1.He was one of the finest writers of the__________ (twenty)century.2.She _________ (gradual)knows what her parents did for her.3.---COVID-19 is spreading wildly in India.Take care!----Yes.More than 300,000 people_________ (die) there.4.M_________ is the day after Sunday and before Tuesday.5.On February 25,President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a “complete_________(胜利）” in its fight against poverty(贫困).二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Dr. Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province. He is one of the most famous medical 1 in the 21st century. He studied in Guangdong Experimental High School in 1953 and graduated 2Beijing Medical College in 1960. In the first Chinese National Games, Zhong 3the first place in men's 400- meter hurdles(跨栏赛)and set up a new national record at that time.In the spring of 2003, SARS broke out in China and all over the world. 4it is dangerous and hard, Zhong not only led but also took active part in the battle 5SARS. People at that time knew 6 about SARS. Zhong and his team worked day and night treating patients. Through their hard work for several , 7they made remarkable results and SARS was stopped 8Zhong 9as one of the top ten people touching China in 2004. He has been working in the medical field for over 60 years.And now he is still working in Wuhan along with young doctors. He 10most of his time on the medical research and treating patients. He is a good doctor in countrymen's eyes and respected by all the people in China.1.A.scientists B.engineers C.officers2.A.of B.in C.from3.A.beat B.won C.lost4.A.Unless B.But C.Although5.A.against B.with C.about6.A.few B.little C.much7.A.days B.years C.months8.A.in the end B.by the end C.at the end9. A.considered B.is considered C.was considered10. A.pays B.spends C.takes三、阅读表达（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）Online classes at homeSun Jiayi, a student from Shanghai, has to take online classes at home. Her school is closed due to the novel coronavirus."Studying at home is not easy as there are some distractions( 使人分心的事物) such as snack foods and the mobile phone. I usually put them away when l am having lessons,"Shanghai has chosen over 1,000 teachers to pre-record online lessons. Wu Wentao is one of them. He is an English teacher."We teachers are quite used to the physical environment of classrooms, but now we have to adapt to (适应)online teaching. In this situation, I can't see how students react to my lessons. It seems like I'm just talking to a camera," he said.Besides, online teaching possibly needs more preparation time. Zhang Ju, a music teacher, said,“I need to prepare pictures, sounds and videos in advance to present my lessons. Teachers need more time to search and handle multimedia(多媒体的)resources."Each of these online classes usually lasts for about 20 to30 minutes. Students have five or six classes a day in order to limit(限制)screen time to about two hours a day.While taking online classes might be easy for students from cities, it might not be easy for those from less developed areas. Not all families in the rural areas can afford a computer and Internet connection needed for online lessons every day.After such a long holiday, most students and teachers can't wait to return to their classrooms. We just hope that the fight against the novel coronavirus ends soon and that life can go back to normal.1. Why does Sun Jiayi have to take online classes at home?___________________________________________________2. What does Wu Wentao feel like when he is teaching online?____________________________________________________3.What kind of teaching needs more preparation time, traditional teaching or online teaching?_______________________________________________________4.Please show the reason that taking online classes might be difficult for those from less-developed areas._______________________________________________________5.将画线部分的英语译成汉语。
高考数学客观题限时训练习题及参考答案(十一套)
高考数学客观题限时训练习题（十一套）高考数学客观题限时训练一班级 姓名 学号 记分1、已知集合{}{}|12,|35A x a x a B x x =-≤≤+=<<，则能使A B ⊇成立的实数a 的取值范围是（ ）A ．{}|34a a <≤B ．{}|34a a <<C ．{}|34a a ≤≤D ．∅ 2、等比数列{}n a 中，0n a >且21431,9a a a a =-=-，则45a a +等于（ ） A ．16 B ．27 C ．36 D ．27- 3、不等式2103x x -≤的解集为（ ）A ．{|2x x ≤≤ B ．{}|25x x -≤≤ C ．{}|25x x ≤≤ D ．{}5x x ≤ 4、曲线24y x =关于直线2x =对称的曲线方程是（ ）A ．2164y x =-B ．284y x =-C ．248y x =-D ．2416y x =-5、已知()321233y x bx b x =++++是R 上的单调增函数，则b 的范围（ ）A ．1b <-或2b >B ．1b ≤-或2b ≥C ．12b -<<D ．12b -≤≤6、直线l 是双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的右准线，以原点为圆心且过双曲线的焦点的圆被直线l 分成弧长为21∶的两段圆弧，则该双曲线的离心率是（ ）A B C D7、空间四点A B C D 、、、，若直线,,AB CD AC BD AD BC ⊥⊥⊥同时成立，则A B C D 、、、四点的位置关系是（ ）A ．一定共面B ．一定不共面C ．不一定共面D ．这样的四点不存在8、()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，它的最小正周期为T ，则2T f ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的值为（ ）A ．0B ．2TC ．TD ．2T-9、已知实数x y 、满足22326x y +=，则2x y +的最大值为（ ） A ．4 BC． D10、函数222x y e -=的图象大致是（ ）选择题答案栏11、直线20x y m ++=按向量()1,2a =--平移后与圆22:240C x y x y ++-=相切，则实数m 的值为____________.12、在()()10211x x x ++-的展开式中，4x 项的系数是_______________.13、12名同学分别到三个不同的路口进行车流量的调查，若每个路口4人，则不同的分配方案共有____________14、函数()f x =是奇函数的充要条件是____________ABCD15、260100x y x x y +-≤⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪-≤⎩,z mx y =+取得最大值的最优解有无数个，则m 等于16、在下列四个命题中，①函数2cos sin y x x =+的最小值是1-。
人教部编版九年级上册语文第三、四单元限时训练
九年级上册语文《第三、四单元》限时训练一、选择题1．下列加点字的读音和字形全部正确的一项是（）A．亲戚．（qì）蓬．隙（pénɡ）毡．帽（zhān）祭祀．（sì）B．装弶．（jànɡ）伶．俐（líng）秕．谷（bǐ）髀．间（bì）C．伶仃．（dīnɡ）磕．头（kē）皱．纹（zhòu）瑟．索（sè）D．寒噤．（jīn）深黛．（dài）潺．潺（chán）姿．睢（zì）2．下列文学常识表述有误的一项是( )A．鲁迅，原名周树人，字豫才，浙江绍兴人，中国伟大的文学家、思想家、革命家，代表作有小说集《呐喊》《彷徨》《故事新编》，散文诗集《野草》等。
B．人物形象、环境、故事情节构成小说的三要素，其中故事情节是最主要的。
C．莫泊桑，法国作家，“世界三大短篇小说巨匠”之一，代表作有《羊脂球》《漂亮朋友》等。
D．曹文轩，当代作家、儿童文学家，代表作有《草房子》《红瓦》等。
3．下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．随着粤剧表演及广彩制作等活动引入课堂，让更多学生受到了广府传统文化的熏陶。
B．中国体育健儿正在积极备战2020年奥运会，他们将在赛场上努力拼搏，争创佳绩。
C．读者深受喜爱的杨绛先生，不凡的一生中，留下了大量文风质朴、寓意深刻的作品。
D．《中国成语大会》节目受到中小学生喜爱，是因为其形式新颖、有文化内涵的原因。
4．依次填入文段画线处的句子，最恰当的一项是（）在我们所接受的教育中，无论是父母、老师，还是工作以后的领导，总是教育我们要积极进取，知难而进，生命不息，奋斗不止。
①那么，是否人生的一切事情，只有进才能成功呢？其实不是。
②如果说，进需要的是一种勇气，那么，止需要的却是一种智慧。
③止，有时候也是成功的重要因素。
④的确，进取是一个人走向成功必须具备的一种精神。
A．①④③②B．①②③④C．④②①③D．④①②③5．下列有关名著阅读的表述，错误的一项是（）A．《儒林外史》是古代长篇小说中讽刺艺术的高峰，主要描写封建知识分子的生活和精神状态，揭露科举制度的腐朽以及在这个制度奴役下的士人的丑恶灵魂。
2024-2025学年苏科版七年级数学上册第一次月考模拟试卷[含答案]
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2024-2025学年七年级数学第一次限时训练模拟试卷班级： 姓名： 得分：（本试卷满分120分，用时100分钟）一、选择题（每小题3分，共24分．把答案写在下面的表格中）1．4-的倒数是（ ）A ．4B ．4-C ．14D ．14-2．一批货物总重1.2×107千克，下列可将其一次性运走的合适运输工具是（ ）A ．一辆板车B ．一架飞机C ．一辆大卡车D ．一艘万吨巨轮3．数轴上表示132-的点在（ ）A ．2-与3-之间B ．3-与4-之间C ．3与4之间D ．2与3之间4．2024年上半年江苏省13个市的GDP 中淮安市排名第二．淮安市2024年上半年GDP 大约是258700000000元，用科学记数法表示为（ ）A ．120.258710´元B ．1025.8710´C ．102.58710´D ．112.58710´5．如图，数轴上被墨水遮盖的数可能是（ ）A ． 3.3-B ． 4.4-C ．4.4D ． 5.5-6．下列运算正确的是（ ）A ．232434æöæö¸-´-=ç÷ç÷èøèøB ．()41113219327æö--´-=-ç÷èøC ．()()()22545345éù-+´-´-=-ëûD ．()133 3.256 3.2532.544´--´=-7．在计算()157244126æö--´-ç÷èø时，运用下列哪种运算律可以避免通分（ ）A ．乘法交换律B ．乘法结合律C ．乘法分配律D ．加法结合律8．我国古代典籍《庄子•天下篇》中曾有：“一尺之棰，日取其半，万世不竭”．现有一根长为1尺的木杆，第1次截取其长度的一半，第2次截取其第1次剩下长度的一半，第3次截取其第2次剩下长度的一半，如此反复，则第100次截取后，此木杆剩下的长度为（ ）A ．1100B ．10012C ．100112-D ．9912二、填空题（每小题3分，共24分）9．﹣2的相反数是10．已知下列各数：324-，5+，0，2-，12，则正数有11．小明的妈妈上个月工资收入5000元，记为5000+元；上个月小明妈妈为家庭伙食支出4000元，记为元．12．如图：点M 、N 在数轴上，线段MN 的长度为4，若点M 表示的数为－1，则点N 表示的数为 ．13．已知()4540a b ++-=，求()2024a b +=14．比较大小：54-65-15．绝对值不大于3的所有非负整数的和为．16．一个动点P 从数轴上的原点O 出发开始移动，第1次向右移动1个单位长度到达点1P ，第2次向右移动2个单位长度到达点2P ，第3次向左移动3个单位长度到达点3P ，第4次向左移动4个单位长度到达点4P ，第5次向右移动5个单位长度到达点5P LL ，点P 按此规律移动，则移动158次后到达的点在数轴上表示的数是 ．三、解答题（共72分）17．将下列各有理数按照分类填入下面对应的大括号内：2.25-，16+，14-，4-，3.14，0，227，π4，59-．有理数数集合：{ }整数集合：{ }；负数集合：{ }；分数集合：{ }；18．(1) 请你在数轴上表示下列有理数：12-，| 2.5|-，0，－2²，－(－4)． (2) 将上列各数用“＜”号连接起来：_______________________． 19．计算：(1)11133434æöæö++--+ç÷ç÷èøèø(2)()()2434--+-´-(3)()221315.5185772æöæöæö--+++--ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèø(4)3336.28 4.726555æöæö´-´-+´-ç÷ç÷èøèø(5)()4864¸--éùëû(6)()14181314913æöæöæö-¸+´-¸-ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèø20．高新一中新图书馆在“校园书香四溢”活动中迎来了借书高潮，上周借书记录如下表：（超过100册的部分记为正，少于100册的部分记为负）（1）上星期借书最多的一天比借书最少的一天多借出图书多少册？（2）上星期平均每天借出多少册书？21．如图，在数轴上有A 、B 、C 这三个点．回答：(1)A 、B 、C 这三个点表示的数各是多少？A ： ；B ： ；C ： ．(2)A 、B 两点间的距离是 ，A 、C 两点间的距离是 ．(3)应怎样移动点B 的位置，使点B 到点A 和点C 的距离相等？22．若定义一种新的运算“Ä”，规定有理数2a b ab a Ä=-，如43243420Ä=´´-=．(1)求()13-Ä的值；(2)求()()421-ÄÄ-éùëû的值．23．如图，已知数轴上点A 表示的数为4，点B 是数轴上在点A 左侧的一点，且A 、B 两点间的距离为8，动点P 从点A 出发，以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿数轴向左匀速运动．（1）数轴上点B 表示的数是 ；（2）运动1秒时，点P 表示的数是 ；（3）动点Q 从点B 出发，以每秒1个单位长度的速度沿数轴向左匀速运动，若点P 、Q 同时出发，当点P 运动 秒时，点P 与点Q 相遇．24．探究：211112222122-=´-´=，322222222122-=´-´=，433332222122-=´-´=，……（1）请仔细观察，写出第4个等式；（2）请你找规律，写出第n 个等式；（3）计算：1232019202022222++++-L ．25．观察下列两个等式：1122133-=´+，2255133-=´+ 给出定义如下：我们称使等式1a b ab -=+成立的一对有理数“a ，b ”为“共生有理数对”，记为(),a b ，如：数对12,3æöç÷èø，25,3æöç÷èø都是“共生有理数对”．(1)通过计算判断数对()1,2是不是“共生有理数对”；(2)若(),m n 是“共生有理数对”，则(),n m --__________“共生有理数对”（填“是”或“不是”）；(3)如果(),m n 是“共生有理数对”，且4m n -=，求()5mn-的值．1．C【分析】本题考查了绝对值，求一个数的倒数，先求出绝对值，再根据倒数的定义计算即可得解，熟练掌握以上知识点并灵活运用是解此题的关键．【详解】解：44-=，故4-的倒数是14， 故选：C ．2．D【分析】首先算出1.2×107千克大约是多少吨，然后与选择项比较即可．【详解】解：1.2×107千克＝12000吨，一万两千吨，应是一艘万吨巨轮的载重量．故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查了乘方运算，重点考查基本的计算能力和估算的能力，解答时可联系生活实际去解．3．B【分析】本题考查了用数轴上的点表示有理数，根据数轴进行判断即可得解，熟练掌握数轴相关知识点是解此题的关键．【详解】解：如图，数轴上表示132-的点在3-与4-之间，故选：B ．4．D【分析】本题考查了科学记数法的表示方法，科学记数法的表现形式为10n a ´的形式，其中£<110a ，n 为整数，确定n 的值时，要看把原数变成a 时，小数点移动了多少位，n 的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同，当原数绝对值大于等于10时，n 是非负数，当原数绝对值小于1时，n 是负数，表示时关键是要正确确定a 的值以及n 的值．【详解】解：淮安市2024年上半年GDP 大约是258700000000元，用科学记数法表示为112.58710´，故选：D ．5．B【分析】本题考查了由数轴上的点表示有理数，根据数轴上被墨水遮盖的数在5-到3-之间，且在4-附近即可得出答案，采用数形结合的思想是解此题的关键．【详解】解：由图可得，数轴上被墨水遮盖的数在5-到3-之间，且在4-附近，∴数轴上被墨水遮盖的数可能是 4.4-，故选：B ．6．D【分析】本题考查了有理数的混合运算，根据有理数的混合运算法则逐项判断即可得出答案，熟练掌握运算法则是解此题的关键．【详解】解：A 、233392234244æöæöæöæö¸-´-=´-´-=ç÷ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèøèø，故原选项计算错误，不符合题意；B 、()()()()()4111111111381818181927321932793279327æöæö--´-=--´-=´--´--´-=-++=ç÷ç÷èøèø，故原选项计算错误，不符合题意；C 、()()()()225453252095945éù-+´-´-=-´=´=ëû，故原选项计算错误，不符合题意；D 、()()13133 3.256 3.25 3.2536 3.251032.54444æö´--´=´--=´-=-ç÷èø，故原选项计算正确，符合题意；故选：D ．7．C【分析】本题考查了乘法分配律，根据乘法分配律即可得出答案，熟练掌握运算法则是解此题的关键．【详解】解：()()()()1571572424242441264126æö--´-=´--´--´-ç÷èø，故运用乘法分配律可以避免通分， 故选：C ．8．B【分析】根据题意，利用乘方的意义确定出剩下的长度即可．【详解】解：第1次截取其长度的一半，剩下长度为11122´=尺，第2次截取其第1次剩下长度的一半，剩下的长度为211124´=尺，第3次截取其第2次剩下长度的一半，剩下的长度为311128´=尺，如此反复，第100次截取后，木杆剩下的长度为10010011122´= (尺)，则此木杆剩下的长度为10012尺．故选：B ．【点睛】此题考查了有理数的乘方，熟练掌握乘方的意义是解本题的关键．9．2【分析】根据一个数的相反数就是在这个数前面添上“-”号，求解即可．【详解】解：-2的相反数是：-（-2）=2，故答案为：2．10．5+，12【分析】本题考查了有理数的分类，根据正数大于0即可得出答案，熟练掌握相关概念是解此题的关键．【详解】解：下列各数：324-，5+，0，2-，12，则正数有5+，12，故答案为：5+，12．11．4000-【分析】本题考查了正负数表示相反意义的量，根据工资收入记为正，则家庭伙食支出记为负，即可得出答案．【详解】解：小明的妈妈上个月工资收入5000元，记为5000+元；上个月小明妈妈为家庭伙食支出4000元，记为4000-元，故答案为：4000- ．12．-5或3．【分析】当N 在M 的右边时为-1+4,当N 在M 的左边时为-1-4.【详解】解： N 点表示的数是-1+4=3或-1-4=-5故答案为-5或3．【点睛】题考查的是两点间的距离的应用，熟知数轴上两点间的距离公式是解答此题的关键．13．1【分析】本题考查了非负数的性质、求代数式的值，根据非负数的性质求出5a =-，4b =，代入计算即可得出答案，熟练掌握几个非负数相加等于0，这几个非负数分别等于0是解此题的关键．【详解】解：∵()4540a b ++-=，50a +³，()440b -³，∴50a +=，40b -=，∴5a =-，4b =，∴()()20242024541a b +=-+=，故答案为：1．14．<【分析】本题考查了有理数的大小比较，求一个数的绝对值，根据两个负数进行比较，绝对值大的反而小，即可得出答案．【详解】解：5544-=，6655-=，∵5645>，∴5546-<-，故答案为：<．15．6【分析】本题考查了绝对值的意义、有理数的加法，先求出绝对值不大于3的所有非负整数，再利用有理数的加法法则列式计算即可得出答案．【详解】解：绝对值不大于3的所有非负整数为0，1，2，3，∴绝对值不大于3的所有非负整数的和为01236+++=，故答案为：6．16．159【分析】本题考查数字的变化规律，分别求出部分点表示的数，发现规律为每移动四次相当于向左移动4个单位长度，再由158439...2¸=，从而可求158P 在数轴上表示的数【详解】解：∵1P 表示的数为1+，2P 表示的数为3+，3P 表示的数为0，4P 表示的数为4-，5P表示的数为1+，..，∴每移动四次相当于向左移动4个单位长度 ∵158439...2¸=，∴()394157158159´-++=，∴移动158次后到达的点在数轴上表示的数为159， 故答案为：159．17．见解析【分析】本题考查了有理数的分类，根据有理数的分类对各数进行判断即可得出答案，熟练掌握有理数的分类是解此题的关键．【详解】解：有理数数集合：{ 2.25-，16+，14-，4-，3.14，0，227，59-}整数集合：{16+，4-，0}；负数集合：{ 2.25-，4-，14-，59-}；分数集合：{ 2.25-，14-，3.14，227，59-}．18．（1）答案见解析;（2）2120| 2.5|(4)2-<-<<-<--.【分析】首先化简有理数，然后根据有理数大小比较规则求解即可．【详解】解：（1）因为()22.5 2.5,44,24-=--=-=-，用表示如下：（2）数轴上表示的数，右边的总比左边的大．所以()2120 2.542-<-<<-<--【点睛】有理数比较大小与实数比较大小相同：（1）正数都大于0，负数都小于0，正数大于一切负数；（2）两个负数，绝对值大的反而小．19．(1)13-(2)6(3)5(4)3(5) 4.8-(6)727-【分析】本题主要考查有理数的混合运算，解题的关键是掌握有理数的混合运算顺序和运算法则．（1）变为加法运算，再利用加法交换律进行计算即可；（2）先算乘法，再算加减法；（3）小数化为分数，再将同分母分数相加减进行计算；（4）利用乘法分配律逆定律提出35，再进一步计算即可；（5）先算括号，再算除法；（6）除法转化为乘法，再约分即可．【详解】（1）解：11133434æöæö++--+ç÷ç÷èøèø11133443æöæöæö=++-+-ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèø13=-；（2）解：()()2434--+-´-2412=--+612=-+6=；（3）解：()221315.5185772æöæöæö--+++--ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèø21213151857272æö=--++ç÷èø22113185157722æöæö=-++-ç÷ç÷èøèø()1510=+-5=；（4）解：3336.28 4.726555æöæö´-´-+´-ç÷ç÷èøèø3336.28 4.726555=´+´-´()36.28 4.7265=+-´355=´3=；（5）解：()4864éù¸--ëû()4810=¸-4.8=-；（6）解：()14181314913æöæöæö-¸+´-¸-ç÷ç÷ç÷èøèøèø()134********æöæö=-¸´-¸-ç÷ç÷èøèø()44138113914æöæö=-´´-´-ç÷ç÷èøèø()44138191314æöæö=-´-´´-ç÷ç÷èøèø2367æö=´-ç÷èø727=-．20．（1）30册；（2）103册【分析】（1）找出借书最多的一天和最少的一天，然后求差即可；（2）利用100加上星期一到星期五超过100册的部分的和的平均数即可．【详解】（1）18-（-12）=30（册）．答：上星期借书最多的一天比借书最少的一天多借出图书30册；（2）18+（-6）+15+0+（-12）=15（册），15÷5=3（册），100+3=103（册）．答：上星期平均每天借出103册书【点睛】此题主要考查了正负数，解题关键是理解“正”和“负”的相对性，明确什么是一对具有相反意义的量．在一对具有相反意义的量中，先规定其中一个为正，则另一个就用负表示．21．(1)6-、1、4(2)7；10(3)点B 向左移动2个单位【分析】本题考查了是数轴，运用数轴上点的移动和数的大小变化规律是左减右加是解答此题的关键．（1）本题可直接根据数轴观察出A 、B 、C 三点所对应的数；（2）根据数轴的几何意义，根据图示直接回答；（3）由于10AC =，则点B 到点A 和点C 的距离都是5，此时将点B 向左移动2个单位即可．【详解】（1）解：根据图示可知：A 、B 、C 这三个点表示的数各是6-、1、4，故答案为：6-；1；4．（2）解：根据图示知：AB 的距离是()167--=；AC 的距离是6410--=，故答案为：7；10；（3）解：∵A 、C 的距离是10，∴点B 到点A 和点C 的距离都是5，∴应将点B 向左移动2个单位，使点B 表示的数为1-，5AB BC ==．22．(1)5-(2)52【分析】本题考查了有理数的混合运算，熟练掌握运算法则是解此题的关键．（1）原式利用题中的新定义计算即可求出值；（2）原式利用题中的新定义计算即可求出值．【详解】（1）解：()()()132131615-Ä=´-´--=-+=-；（2）解：∵()()212212426Ä-=´´--=--=-，∴()()()()()()()42146246448452-ÄÄ-=-Ä-=´-´---=+=éùëû．23．（1）4-（2）2（3）8【分析】本题考查了数轴的应用和一元一次方程的应用——行程问题，（1）由AB 的长、点A 表示的数及点B 在点A 的左侧，可求出点B 表示的数；（2）利用1秒后点P 表示的数=点A 表示的数-点P 运动的速度´运动时间，即可求出结（3）设当运动时间为t 秒时，点P 表示的数为42t -，点Q 表示的数为4t --，由点P 与点Q 相遇，即可得出关于t 的一元一次方程，解之即可得出结论．【详解】（1）解：Q 点A 表示的数为4，点B 是数轴上在点A 左侧的一点，且A 、B 两点间的距离为8，\点B 表示的数为484-=-，故答案为：4-；（2）Q 动点P 从点A 出发，以每秒2个单位长度的速度沿数轴向左匀速运动，\运动1秒时，点P 运动了212´=个单位长度，此时点P 表示的数为422-=，故答案为：2（3）设当运动时间为t 秒时，点P 与点Q 相遇，此时点P 表示的数为42t -，点Q 表示的数为4t --，由题意得424t t -=--，解得：8t =，\当运动时间为8秒时，点P 与点Q 相遇，故答案为：8．24．（1）25-24=2×24-1×24=24；（2）2n +1-2n =2×2n -1×2n =2n ；（3）-2【分析】（1）根据给出的内容，直接可以仿写25-24=2×24-1×24=24，（2）2n +1-2n =2×2n -1×2n =2n ，（3）将原式进行变形，即提出负号后，就转化为原题中的类型，利用（1）（2）的结论，直接得出结果．【详解】解：（1）由题意可得：25-24=2×24-1×24=24；（2）2n +1-2n =2×2n -1×2n =2n ；（3）1232019202022222++++-L =()1232019202022222++++-L =1232018201922222++++-L ...=-2【点睛】此题主要考查了数字变化规律，认真观察、仔细思考，善用联想是解决这类问题的方法，注意观察总结规律，并能正确的应用规律，解答此题的关键是判断出：2n +1-2n =2n 成立．25．(1)不是(2)是(3)125-【分析】（1）根据“共生有理数对”的定义，进行求解即可；（2）根据“共生有理数对”的定义，进行判断即可；（3）根据“共生有理数对”的定义求出mn 的值，代入求解即可．【详解】（1）解：∵121,1213-=-´+=，∴12121-¹´+，∴数对()1,2不是“共生有理数对”；（2）∵(),m n 是“共生有理数对”，∴1m n mn -=+，∴()()()11n m mn n m ---=-=-×-+，∴(),n m --是“共生有理数对”，故答案为：是；（3）∵(),m n 是“共生有理数对”，∴1m n mn -=+，∵4m n -=，∴3mn =，∴()()351255mn =-=--．【点睛】本题考查有理数的运算，解题的关键是理解并掌握“共生有理数对”的定义．。
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通州区金郊初中2011-2012（下）九年级思品第三周限时训练
制卷：蔡勇军审核：
一、单项选择题（下列各题只有一个最符合题意的答案，请将正确答案的序号填写在题后的表格里。
每小题2分，共30分。
）
1．与道德、纪律相比，法律最主要的特征是（）
A．对一切违法犯罪行为都予以刑事处罚B．规定公民的权利和义务
C．只对部分社会成员具有约束力D．靠国家强制力保证实施
2．下列观点不正确的是( )
A．许多违法犯罪行为都是从沾染不良习气开始的
B．违法行为可分为一般违法行为和犯罪行为
C．刑事违法性是犯罪的最本质特征
D．有了一般违法行为，若不加以改正就可能滑向犯罪深渊
3．为了切实减轻义务教育阶段学生过重的课业负担，江苏省教育厅出台了“五严规定”。
这体现了对学生的( )
A．家庭保护B．学校保护
C．社会保护D．司法保护
4．2011年5月12日，浙江宁波市中级人民法院一审认定杭州市原副市长许迈永犯受贿罪、贪污罪、滥用职权罪，数罪并罚，判处死刑，剥夺政治权利终身，并处没收个人全部财产。
这主要体现了我国法律( )
①由国家制定或认可②靠国家强制力保证实施
③对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力④只对违法犯罪的人具有约束力
A．①②③B．②③C．①③④D．②④
5．据某地少管所统计，在该所收押的100名违法犯罪青少年中，由于好奇而吸毒进而走上违法犯罪道路的有32人，由于沉迷网络游戏、浏览色情网站而违法犯罪的有42人。
这说明( )
①不良行为有可能发展成为违法犯罪
②学校保护、社会保护不到位是导致青少年违法犯罪的根源
③青少年没有自觉抵制不良诱惑的能力
④预防违法犯罪，要从抵制不良行为做起
A．③④B．①④C．①②④D．②④
6．2011年2月25日，十一届全国人大常委会第十九次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）》。
这说明了( )
A．全国人大是我国最高行政机关
B．法律是由国家制定或认可的特殊行为规范
C．全国人大具有立法权、决定权和任免权
D．法律是由国家强制力保证实施的行为规范
7．2011年5月，著名音乐人高晓松因醉酒驾驶造成4车追尾事故，构成危险驾驶罪，被判拘役6个月，并处罚金4000元，这一案例说明( )
A．具有社会危害性的行为均应受刑事处罚
B．违法必究是依法治国的关键
C．刑罚当罚性是犯罪的必然结果
D．我国法律对全体公民具有普遍约束力
8．2009年8月29日上午，陕西西安市雁塔区法院公开审理陕西省地震局网站遭受黑客攻击一案，对非法入侵陕西省地震局网站，编造、故意传播虚假地震消息的大学生贾某以编造、故意传播虚假信息罪，一审判处有期徒刑1年零6个月。
贾某之所以受到刑罚处罚，是因为他的行为( )
A．严重危害社会，触犯了刑法
B．攻击地震局网站，破坏网站设备
C．传播虚假地震消息，影响社会稳定
D．违反了《治安管理处罚法》
二、分析说明题
9．阅读下列材料，回答问题：
材料：小明是某初级中学九年级学生。
临近中考，学校搞了一次摸底考试，并划定了一个分数线，规定凡成绩低于这个分数线的学生都将被劝退，不能报名参加中考。
考试结果出来后，小明的名字赫然在被劝退之列。
小明爸爸提议，跟学校打官司，替儿子争回考试的权利。
小明妈妈反驳到：“是你儿子不争气，怪不得学校，还是算了吧。
”
根据所学知识，分析解决下列问题：
（1）学校因小明成绩不好就予以劝退的做法是否合适？为什么？
（2）你赞同小明妈妈的说法吗？为什么？
（3）小明爸爸如果以监护人的名义向人民法院提起诉讼，他应提起什么诉讼？小明家庭经济比较困难，诉讼费是一笔不小的开支。
鉴于这一点，请你给小明爸爸支几招。
参考答案
D C C B B B C A
（1）①不合适
②小明是义务教育阶段的在校生，学校劝其退学是侵犯其接受义务教育权利的行为，
违反了我国未成年人保护法中关于学校保护的规定，学校对此要负法律责任
（2）①不赞同
②这种说法是不懂得依法维护自身合法权益的表现（缺乏维权意识的表现）
（3）①民事诉讼
②小明爸爸可以先采取非诉讼手段，首先同学校进行交涉，要求其停止侵权行为；
或者可以向学校所在地的教育行政主管部门（教育局）反映问题，寻求帮助。
如果不行，可以向人民法院提起诉讼，通过诉讼手段来讨回公道。
如果经济确实困难，他可以到法律援助中心申请法律援助，减免诉讼费用。