六级考试标准阅读(25)
大学英语六级考试阅读理解题及答案
大学英语六级考试阅读理解题及答案大学英语六级考试阅读理解题及答案四六级阅读理解的复习更多聚集在做题技巧和词汇上，勤加练习是大家制胜的法宝，做得多才能总结的多，见的多才能识的多。
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Words: 1,372Higher Grades Challenge College Application ProcessA) Josh Zalasky should be the kind of college applicant with little to worry about. The high school senior is taking three Advanced Placement courses. Outside the classroom, he，s involved in mock trial, two Jewish youth groups and has a job with a restaurant chain. He，s a National Merit semifinalist and scored in the top ? percent of all students who take the ACT.B) But in the increasingly frenzied world of college admissions, even Zalasky is nervous about his prospects. He doubts he#ll get into the University of Wisconsin, a top choice. The reason: his grades. It$s not that they%re bad. It&s that so many of his classmates are so good. Zalasky’s GPA is nearly an A minus, and yet he ranks only about in the middle of his senior class of 543 at Edina High School outside Minneapolis, Minnesota. That means he will have to find other ways to stand out.C) “It’s extremely difficult,” he said. “I spent all summer writing my essay. We even hired a private tutor to make sure that essay was the best it can be. But even with that, it’s like I*m just kind of leveling the playing field.” Last year, he even considered transferring out of his highly competitive public school, to some place where his grades would look better.D) Some call the phenomenon th at Zalasky’s fighting “grade inflation”—implying the boost is undeserved. Others say students are truly earning their better marks. Regardless, it’s a trend that’s been building for years and may only be accelerating: many students are getting very good grades. So many, in fact, it is getting harder and harder for colleges to use grades as a measuring stick for applicants.E) Extra credit for AP courses, parental lobbying and genuine hard work by the most competitive students have combined to shatter any semblance of a Bell curve, one in which A，s are reserved only for the very best. For example, of the 47,317 applications the University of California, Los Angeles, received for this fall’s freshman class, nearly 23,000 had GPAs of 4.0 or above.F) That’s als o making it harder for the most selective colleges—who often call grades the single most important factor in admissions—to join in a growing movement to lessen the influence of standardized tests.G) “We，re seeing 30, 40 valedictorians at a high school because they don，t want to create these distinctions between students,” said Jess Lord, dean of admission and financial aid at Haverford College in Pennsylvania. “ If we don’t have enough information, there’s a chance we’ll become more heavily reliant on test scores, and that’s a real negative to me.”H) Standardized tests have endured a heap of bad publicity lately, with the SAT raising anger about its expanded length and recent scoring problems. A number of schools have stopped requiring test scores, to much fanfare.I) But lost in the developments is the fact that none of the most selective colleges have dropped the tests. In fact, a national survey shows overall reliance on test scores is higher inadmissions than it was a decade ago. “It’s the only thing w e have to evaluate students that will help us tell how they compare to each other,” said Lee Stetson, dean of admissions at the University of Pennsylvania.J) Grade inflation is hard to measure, and experts，caution numbers are often misleading because standards and scales vary so widely. Different practices of “weighting” GPAs for AP work also play havoc. Still, the trend seems to be showing itself in a variety of ways.K) The average high school GPA increased from 2.68 to 2.94 between 1990 and 2000, according to a federal study. Almost 23 percent of college freshmen in 2005 reported their average grade in high school was an A or better, according to a national survey by UCLA’s Higher Education Research Institute. In 1975, the percentage was about half that.L) GPAs reported by students on surveys when they take the SAT and ACT exams have also risen—and faster than their scores on those tests. That suggests their classroom grades aren’t rising just because students are getting smarter. Not surprisingly, the test-owners say grade inflation shows why testing should be kept: it gives all students an equal chance to shine.M) The problems associated with grade inflation aren’t limited to elite college applicants. More than 70 percent of schools and districts analyzed by an education audit company called SchoolMatch had average GPAs significantly higher than they should have been based on their standardized test scores—including the school systems in Chicago, Illinois, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Denver, Colorado, San Bernardino, California, and Columbus, Ohio. That raises concerns about students graduating from those schools unprepared for college. “They get mixed inwith students from more rigorous schools and they just get blown away,” said SchoolMatch CEO William B ainbridge.N) In Georgia, high school grades rose after the state began awarding HOPE scholarships to students with a 3.0 high school GPA. But the scholarship requires students to keep a 3.0 GPA in college, too, and more than half who received the HOPE in the fall of 1998 and entered the University of Georgia system lost eligibility before earning 30 credits. Next year, Georgia is taking a range of steps to tighten eligibility, including calculating GPA itself rather than relying on schools, and no longer giving extra GPA weight to vaguely labeled “honors” classes.O) Among those who work with students gunning for the more selective colleges, opinions differ as to why there seem to be so many straight-A students. “I think there are more pressures now than there used to be, because 20 or 30 years ago kids with a B plus average got into some of the best colleges in the country,” said William Shain, dean of admissions and financial aid at Bowdoin College in Maine. “It didn，t matter if you had a 3.9 instead of a 3.95. I don，t know if it matters now either, but people are more likely to think it does.”P) Lord, the Haverford dean, sees grade inflation as the outcome of an irrational fear among students to show any slip up—in grades or discipline. In fact, colleges like his are often more interested in students who have overcome failure and challenge than robots who have never been anything less than perfect. “There，s a protection and encouragement of self-esteem that I don’t agree with, but I think it’s a lot of what’s going on here,” he said. “And the college admissions process feeds into that.”Q) Back in Minnesota, Edina may join a growing number ofschools that no longer officially rank students—a move that could help students like Zalasky, who says he was told by Wisconsin his class rank makes him a longshot. “They feel they’re being left behind or not getting into the schools that they’re applying to because of a particular class rank,” says Edina counselor Bill Hicks. “And there is some validity with re spect to some certain schools that use certain formulas.”R) But the colleges most popular with Edina students already know how strong the school is: students’ median verbal and math SAT scores are 1170 out of 1600. Hicks isn’t willing to blame the concentration grades at the top on spineless teachers, or on grade-grubbing by parents and students. Expectations are high, and grades are based on student mastery of the material, not a curve. Wherever teachers place the bar for an A, the students clear it.S) “Everyone here is like, ‘ if I can get a 98 why would I get a 93? said Lavanya Srinivasan, who was ranked third in her Edina class last year. Far from being pushovers, she says, Edina teachers are tougher than those in a course she took at Harvard last summer. Zalasky agrees the students work hard for their high grades. “The mentality of this school is, if you’re not getting straight A，s you’re not doing well,” he said. “There’s just so much pressure on us day in and day out to get straight A’s that everybod y does.” Hicks compares the atmosphere at Edina to the World Series expectations that always surround the superstar lineup of the New York Yankees. “If they don’t win it,” he said, “then it’s failure.”1. Nearly half of the applications that the University of California received this autumn had GPAs of 4.0 or above.2. It，s also harder for the most selective colleges to lessenthe effect of standardized tests.3. More than 30 years ago, about 11.5 percent of college freshmen reported their average grade in high school was an A or better.4. Because of the negative effects of standardized tests recently, a lot of universities have no longer required test scores.5. Some think Zalasky’s improvement unworthy, while others think his high grades win the praise for him.6. Because many of his classmates are so outstanding, Zalasky is nervous about his college application.7. Some colleges would like to admit students who have conquered failure and challenge rather than those who have never been anything less than perfect.8. In the next year, Georgia is taking a series of measures to tighten qualification, including calculating GPA itself and avoiding paying too much attention to vaguely labeled “honors” classes.9. In Zalasky，s opinion, students are put under great pressure to work hard to get straight A"s, or they will be regarded as losers.10. More and more schools no longer officially rank students by grade, which can help students like Zalasky.。
英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案
英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Homing pigeons are placed in a training program from about the time they are twenty-eight days of age. They are taught to enter the cage through a trap and to exercise above and around the loft(鸽棚) , and gradually they are taken away for short distances in willow baskets and released. They are then expected to find their way home in the shortest possible time.In their training flights or in actual races, the birds are taken to prearranged distant points and released to find their way back to their own lofts. Once the birds are liberated, their owners, who are standing by at the home lofts, anxiously watch the sky for the return of their entries. Since time is of the essence, the speed with which the birds can be induced to enter the loft trap may make the difference between gaining a win or a second place.The head of a homing pigeon is comparatively small, but its brain is one quarter larger than that of the ordinary pigeon. The homing pigeon is very intelligent and will persevere to the point of stubbornness; some have been known to fly a hundred miles off course to avoid a storm.Some homing pigeon experts claim that this bird is gifted with a form of built-in radar that helps it find its own loft after hours of flight,for hidden under the head feathers are two very sensitive ears, while the sharp, prominent eyes can see great distances in daytime.Why do homing pigeons fly home? They are not unique in this inherent skill; it is found in most migratory birds, in bees, ants, toads, and even turtles, which have been known to travel hundreds of miles to return to their homes. But in the animal world, the homing pigeon alone can be trusted with its freedom and trained to carry out the missions that people demand.21. This passage is mainly about_______.A. homing pigeons and their trainingB. how to buy a homing pigeonC. protection of homing pigeons against the threat of extinctionD. liberation of homing pigeons22. According to the passage, what happens to homing pigeons when they are about a month old?A. They are kept in a trap.B. They enter their first race.C. They begin a training program.D. They get their wings clipped and marked.23. According to the passage, the difference between a homing pigeon and an ordinary one is_______.A. the span of the wingsB. the shape of the eyesC. the texture of the feathersD. the size of the brain24. The author mentions all of the following attributes that enablea homing pigeon toreturn home EXCEPT_______.A. instinctB. air sacsC. sensitive earsD. good eyes25. Why does the author mention bees, ants, toads, and turtles in the last paragraph?A. To describe some unusual kinds of pets.B. To measure distances traveled by various animals.C. To compare their home-finding abilities with those of homing pigeons.D. To interest the reader in learning about other animals.21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reachesthose limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random(任意的) from the population,it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth playsa part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.26. Which of these sentences best describes the writers point in Paragraph 1?A. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.B. Intelligence is developed by the environment.C. Some people are born clever and others born stupid.D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.27. It is suggested in this passage that_______.A. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceB. close relations usually have similar intelligenceC. the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceD. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence28. Brothers and sisters are likely to_______.A. have similar intelligenceB. have different intelligenceC. go to the same universityD. go to the same factory29. In Paragraph 1, the word "surroundings" means_______.A. intelligenceB. lifeC. environmentsD. housing30. The best title for this article would be_______.A. On IntelligenceB. What Intelligence MeansC. We Are Born with IntelligenceD. Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A。
英语六级考试阅读练习和答案
英语六级考试阅读练习和答案英语六级考试阅读练习和答案:Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are poisonous. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agriculture chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be lessened. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to" disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents (废料) , to permit the reuse of the water or best reduce pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient (养料 ) or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents fromother processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste production into marketable byproducts. Other industries have potential economic uses for their waste products.1. The purpose of this passage is_______.A. to warn the reader of the dwindling water supplyB. to explain industrial uses of waterC. to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsD. to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem2. Which of the following points is not included in the passage?A. Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.B. Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.C. Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population.D. Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals.3.The reader can conclude that_______.A. countries of the world will work together on pollution problemsB. byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplaceC. science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesD. some industries are now making economic use of wastes4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of_______.A. interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsB. opinion and personal observationsC. definitions which clarify important termsD. strong argument and persuasions5.The words "prior to" (Para. 2) probably mean_______.A. afterB. duringC. beforeD. beyond参考答案：1. C2. A3. D4. B5. C英语六级考试阅读练习和答案:If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by an American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earths resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus (金星)and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficulty is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae (藻类) organisms, which can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in conditions similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceships will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for men to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1. In the long run, the most difficult problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of______.A. foodB. oilC. spaceD. resources2. Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because______.A. it might be possible to change its atmosphereB. its atmosphere is the same as the earthsC. there is a good supply of water on VenusD. the days on Venus are long enough3. On Venus there is a lot of______.A. waterB. carbon dioxideC. carbon monoxideD. oxygen4. Algae are plants that can______.A. live in very hot temperaturesB. live in very cold temperaturesC. manufacture oxygenD. all of the above5. Man can eventually land on Venus only when______.A. the algae have done their workB. the atmosphere becomes coolerC. there is oxygenD. it rains there参考答案：1. C2. A3. B4. D5. D。
大学英语六级阅读理解练习与参考答案
大学英语六级阅读理解练习与参考答案大学英语六级阅读理解练习与参考答案：As a company executive(总经理) who spent ten years in federal service, I am often asked what I regard as the biggest difference between working for the government and working for a private company. My invariable response is to say that I look back on my time in government as one of the most exciting and challenging experiences of my life. Furthermore, I never worked as hard as when I was a public servant.When I worked for the government, I worked with some of the finest, most competent and most committed people I have ever met. I was impressed by the overall quality of our career civil servants then, and I still am. But one of my greatest concerns now is that I will not be able to hold this same high opinion in the future.Career public servants are leaving government in alarming numbers, and qualified replacements are becoming harder and harder to find. Good people who leave career government service are striving for highly paid positions in private enterprises.We depend on government to keep this country safe in an uncertain world, to secure justice and domestic order and to solve a host of pressing problems. We need the best possible people performing and overseeing these vital tasks. A high-quality, professional federal service has been a source of national pride for more than a century. But what we have builtup during a hundred years can be lost in less time than we imagine. We cant afford to let this happen. We must act now if this country is to be assured of the quality public service it deserves.21. Career public servants are leaving government in alarming numbers. One of thereasons may be that______.A. they received lower payB. they deserved no fame and gloryC. they performed poorlyD. they worked harder than anyone else22. According to the author, _______, so I will not be able to hold this same high opiniontoward the public servants in the future.A. I never worked as hard as when I was a public servantB. I have become a company executiveC. there will not be so many competent and qualified servants in the government as we had beforeD. my time in government was not the most exciting experience in my life23. We depend on government to keep this country safe in an uncertain world, therefore,A. we should make greater contributions to the countryB. the best possible people are urgently needed to do important tasksC. we should show deep concern about the nations futureD. we should become public servants24. If we neglect the serious problem and make no efforts, we will lose_______.A. national prideB. high-quality professional federal serviceC. good peopleD. private enterprise25. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Those who work for companies are highly paid.B. More and more public servants have left the government.C. Career public servants are qualified.D. Many people of high qualities want to work in the government.21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D大学英语六级阅读理解练习与参考答案：More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty. Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister. He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality goods for the international markets to compete with those produced in other countries. The French economy needed a larger share of international market to balance its import and export trade.French industrial and agricultural production was still inadequate to meet the immediate needs of the people, let alone long-rangeddevelopments. Essential imports had stretched the national credit to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the extreme inflation affected general population most severely through the cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 percent of the workers income. Wages, it is true, had risen. Extensive family allowances and benefits were paid by the state, and there was fulltime and overtime employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of security. In this discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages.The government was unwilling to let workers leave the country. It was feared that migration of workers would reduce the labor force. The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced. Qualified workers employed abroad would only increase the quantity of quality goods produced in foreign countries. Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its ualified labor force moved to other countries.26. The purpose of the passage is to_______.A. explain the French governments emphasis on quality productsB. discuss Charles Deschanels contribution to the French industrial developmentC. compare the quality of French goods with that of foreign goodsD. show French workmens enthusiasm to seek well-paid jobs in foreign countries27. It can be inferred from the passage that at the time of Rene Coty .A. France was still at the first stage of industrial developmentB. French workers were better paid than the workers in any other European countriesC. the unemployment rate in France was comparatively higher than that in other European countriesD. French workers were able to live better with the increase in their wages28. It is implied in the passage that at that time_______.A. France had a very large share of international marketB. the import and export trade in France was making a successful advanceC. demand and supply in France was barely balancedD. France was experiencing economic depression29. Which of the following is the best indicator of the extreme inflation in France?A. Eighty percent increase in the prices of consumer goods.B. High cost of food.C. High rents for houses.D. Lack of agricultural products.30. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Rents in France were tightly controlled.B. France was flooding the international market with inferior products.C. French workers were prohibited from going abroad to find jobs.D. The migration of French workers would hinder the improvement of quality in industrial production.26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B。
英语六级考试标准阅读
英语六级考试标准阅读英语六级考试标准阅读范文Culture is the total sum of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group og human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of backward languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflects the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in backward languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. An accidental language distinguishes merely between two degrees ofremoteness ; some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.。
王长喜六级考试标准阅读60篇
第11篇(Unit 3 Passage 3)Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being correct ed all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the d ifference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he mak es the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children l earn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ri de a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make th e needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for hi mself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never not ice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becom es dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other childr en if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way o f saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer boo k. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Ou r job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answe r. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children l earn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, ho w to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teach ers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used fo r the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxiou s parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to ge t in the world?”Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.1.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.2.What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.3.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.4.Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estim ated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.5.The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.第11篇答案：ABDBC第12篇(Unit 3 Passage 4)We can begin our discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean when t hey discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the nu mber added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that li kened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it fi nally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is n ecessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent ph enomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations hav e been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancesto rs, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was u sually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in te n persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Ofte n, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Th us, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the huma n race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic grow th into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in rece nt years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that tr aditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which ex tended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, t he population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the presen t, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that b y the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this d ramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added an nually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. Thei ncrease is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fu se analogy?A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility a nd lower mortality.2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction beca use___.A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.3.Which statement is true about population increase?A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each yea r.D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.The author of the passage intends to___.A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.pare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.5.The word “demographic” in the first paragraph means___.A.statistics of human.B.surroundings study.C.accumulation of human.D.development of human.第12篇答案：ABADA第13篇(Unit4 Passage1)Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with som e information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effec tiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to descri be only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can ga in insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don’t always say w hat we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except “I’m lettin g off some steam. I don’t really want you to pay close attention to what I’m saying. Just pay attent ion to what I’m feeling.” Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy.” The owner says, “ I t’s been like that for years.” Actually, the step hasn’t been like that for years, but the unspoken me ssage is: “ I don’t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can’t you?” The search for a more expansi ve view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occ urred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactl y the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and th e other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal mo re than the frequency of the behavior. A friend’s unusually docile behavior may only be understoo d by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. S ome responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For exa mple, a person who says “No!” to a serials of charges like “You’re dumb,”“You’re lazy,” and “Y ou’re dishonest,” may also say “No!” and try to justify his or her response if the next statement i s “And you’re good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to h ave you over,” can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be sai d once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change acco rdingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes th e more we say something the less importance it assumes.1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if ___.A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.C.they try to understand each other’s ideas beyond words.D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.2.“I’m letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means___.A.I’m just calling your attention.B.I’m just kidding.C.I’m just saying the opposite.D.I’m just giving off some sound.3.The house-owner’s example shows that he actually means___.A.the step has been like that for years.B.he doesn’t think it necessary to fix the step.C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if___.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.B.seen as one’s habitual pattern of behavior.C.taken as part of an ordering sequence.D.expressed to a series of charges.5.The word “ritualistically” in the last paragraph equals something done___.A.without true intention.B.light-heartedly.C.in a way of ceremony.D.with less emphasis.第13篇答案：DBABC第14篇(Unit Four,Passage 2)Which is safer-staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Su rprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying com pared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the la tter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any o f human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to thos e living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are ex tremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947),Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1 976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984).Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No on e died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, wher e up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a sto rage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unf ortunate event at Bhopal.Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular dange r. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵）,which is saf e unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which too k risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happen s if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas d rifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caug ht fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.1.Which of the following statements is true?A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home.B.Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.2.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ____.A.they are very rareB.they often cause loss of lifeC.they always occur in big citiesD.they arouse the interest of all the readers3.According to passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ____.A.Texas cityB.FlixboroughC.SevesoD.Mexico City4.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ____.A.natural gas, which can easily catch fireB.fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantityC.poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areasD.fuel, which is stored in large tanks5.From the discussion among some experts we may coclude that ____.A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industryB.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industryC.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been takenD.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe第十四篇答案：DBABC第十五篇(Unit 4,Passage 3)What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the char acter of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly i mpossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? Ther e is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do n ot join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the acti vity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother’s blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic g enius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit mus t be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is ce rtain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit m ore or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children beco me deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar stru cture of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it compa ratively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotion s. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same fact ors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotio nal equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surger y. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodil y structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether tha t ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forc es in the environment in which a child grows up.1. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during t heir pregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s.2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shockedB. she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying3. According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother’s musical ability4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar stru cture of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents.第15篇答案：BACDA第16篇The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high scho ol graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college wil l help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens th an those who don’t go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our hig h school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, an d more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere w ith each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition f or admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often en couraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are e xpecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all c ampus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been t old that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untraine d eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an arm y of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not b e the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and throug h the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make peopl e intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way aroun d, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have b een attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates woul d have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. Bu t contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.1.According to the author, ___.A.people used to question the value of college education.B.people used to have full confidence in higher education.C.all high school graduates went to college.D.very few high school graduates chose to go to college.2.In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don’t fit the pattern” refer to___.A.high school graduates who aren’t suitable for college education.B.college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxis.C.college students who aren’t any better for their higher education.D.high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college.3.The dropout rate of college students seems to go up because___.A.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at college.B.many people are required to join the army.C.young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher education.D.young people don’t like the intense competition for admission to graduate school.4.According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that___.A.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduates.B.High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.C.Too many students have to earn their own living.D.College administrators encourage students to drop out.5.In this passage the author argues that___.A.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school grad uates.B.College education is not enough if one wants to be successful.C.College education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning people.D.Intelligent people may learn quicker if they don’t go to college.第十六篇答案：BCCAA第十七篇：（Unit 5,Passage 1）A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribon ucleic acid ) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprin ting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clea r who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that D NA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigation s by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establish innoce nce. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population genet icists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprint s might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same in dividual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic gr oup. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Tex as in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough dat a are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 199 8, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announce d that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to reso lve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standa rds and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.1.Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects____.A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigationsB.would have to submit evidence for their innocenceC.could easily escape conviction of guiltD.cold be convicted of guilt as well2.DNA fingerprinting can be unreliable when ____.A.the methods used for blood- cell calculation are not accurateB.two different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting patte rnC.a match is by chance left with fingerprints that happen to belong to two different individualsD.two different individuals leave two DNA samples.3.To geneticists like Lewontin and Hartl, the current method ____.A.is not so convincing as to exclude the likelihood that two DNA samples can never come from t wo individualsB.is arguable because two individuals of the same ethnic group are likely to have the same DNA p attern.C.Is not based on adequate scientific theory of geneticsD.Is theoretically contradictory to what they have been studying4.The attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that ____.A.enough data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of tw o DNA samples coming from two individual membersB.enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples form the s ame person can matchC.enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of tw o different DNA samples coming form the same personD.additional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that two DNA s amples are unlikely to come from the same person5.National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that ____.A.DNA testing should be systematizedB.Only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testingC.The academy only is authorized to work out standards for testingD.The academy has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testing第十七篇答案：CBABB第十八篇：（Unit 5,Passage 2）Racket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America’s most widesp read nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to pe ople’s health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical an d psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by igno ring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tensio n, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stres s building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public ann oyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health haz ards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nev ertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fai r warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health. Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by he alth professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk t hat exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susce ptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other disease s. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences fo r these already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn c hild when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childho od, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessar y amounts of rest.Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between n oise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is be cause we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also b e because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.1.In Paragraph 1, the phrase “immune to” are used to mean ___.A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by。
大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案
大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Once youre prepared for a situation, youre 50 percent of the way toward overcoming nervousness. The other 50 percent is the physical and mental control of nervousness; adjusting your attitude so you have confidence, and control of yourself and your audience.I was in the theater for many years and always went to work with terrible stage fright—until I was in "The King and I". While waiting offstage one night, I saw Yul Brynner, the shows star, pushing in a lunging position against a wall. It looked as though he wanted to knock it down. "This helps me control my nervousness," he explained.I tried it and, sure enough, freed myself from stage fright. Not only that, but pushing the wall seemed to give me a whole new kind of physical energy. Later I discovered that when you push against a wall you contract the muscles that lie just below where your ribs begin to splay (展开).I call this area the "vital triangle".To understand how these muscles work, try this: sit in astraight-backed chair and lean slightly forward. Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, your fingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.Say ssssssss, like a hiss. As youre exhaling the s, contract those muscles in the vital triangle as though you were rowing a boat, pulling the oars back and up. The vital triangle should tighten. Relax the muscles at the end of your exhalation, then inhale gently.You can also adjust your attitude to prevent nervousness. What you say to yourself sends a message to your audience. If you tell yourself youre afraid, thats the message your listener receives. So select the attitude you want to communicate. Attitude adjusting is your mental suit of armor against nervousness. If you entertain only positive thoughts, you will be giving out these words: joy and ease, enthusiasm, sincerity and concern, and authority.21. To overcome nervousness, one should_______.A. adjust his attitude as well as make preparation for a gatheringB. ask the audience to give him confidenceC. try not to be knocked down by stage frightD. wait offstage22. "The King and I" should be_______.A. a filmB. a novelC. a playD. a song23. The writer cites examples in Paragraphs 4 and 5 to support his statement that_______.A. you will have a positive effect by putting energy into your voiceB. youre 50 percent of the way towards overcoming nervousness once you are prepared for a situationC. you will have a whole new kind of physical energy by pushing against a wallD. if you master the techniques informed by the author your will never be nervous again24. Yul Brynner pushed the wall in order to_______.A. show the writer how to overcome nervousnessB. pull down the wallC. get physical energyD. overcome his own nervousness25. If you have active thoughts, your audience will detect ______.A. that you are full of fear and depressionB. that you are tightening your vital triangleC. that you are joyful and easy-goingD. that you are relaxing your muscles21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. C大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Heres to Your Health As the only freshman on his schools varsity(代表队) wrestling team, Tod was anxious to fit in with his older teammates. One night after a match, he was offered a whisky bottle on the ride home. Tod felt he had to accept,or he would seem like a sissy. He took a swallow, and every time the bottle was passed back to him, he took another swallow. After seven swallows, he passed out. His terrified teammates carried him into his home, and his mother then rushed to the hospital. After his stomach was pumped, Tod learned that his blood alcohol level had been so high that he was lucky not to be in a coma or dead.Although alcohol sometimes causes rapid poisoning, frequently leads to long-term addiction, and always threatens self-control, our society encourages drinking. Many parents, by their example, give children the impression that alcohol is an essential ingredient of social gatherings. Peer pressure turns bachelor parties, fraternity initiations (同仁联谊会入会) , and spring-semester beach vacations into competitions in "getting trashed. " In soap operas, charming characters pour Scotch whiskey from crystal bottle as readily as most people turn on the faucet for tap water. In films and rock videos, trend-setters party in nightclubs and bars. And who can recall a televised baseball or basketball game without a beer commercial? By the age of 21, the average American has been drinking on TV about 75, 000 times. Alcohol ads appear with pounding frequency—in magazines, on billboards, in college newspapers—contributing to a harmful myth about drinking.Part of the myth is that liquor signals professional success. In a mens magazine, one full-page ad for Scotch whiskey shows two men seated in an elegant restaurant. Both are in their thirties, perfectly groomed, and wearing expensive grey suits. The windowsare draped (悬挂) with velvet (天鹅绒) the table with spotless white linen. Each place-setting consists of a long-stemmed water goblet, silver utensils and thick silver plates. On each plate is half-empty cocktail glass. The two men are grinning andshaking hands, as if theyve just concluded a business deal. The caption reads, "The taste of success. "Contrary to what the liquor company would have us believe, drinking is more closely related to lack of success than to achievement. Among students, the heaviest drinkers have the lowest grades. In the work force, alcoholics are frequently late or absent, tend to perform poorly, and often get fired. Although, alcohol abuse occurs in all economic classes, it remains most severe among the poor.Another part of the alcohol myth is that drinking makes you more attractive to the opposite sex. "Hot, hot, hot," one commercials soundtrack(电影配乐) begins, as the camera scans a crowd of college-age beachgoers. Next it follows the curve of a womans leg up to her bare hip and lingers there. She is young, beautiful, wearing a bikini. A young guy, carrying an ice chest (箱子), positions himself near to where she sits. He is tan, muscular. She doesnt show much interest—until he opens the chest and takes out a beer. Now she smiles over at him. He raises his eyebrows and, invitingly, holds up another can. She joins him. This beer, the song concludes, "attracts like no other. "Beer doesnt make anyone sexier. Like all alcohol, it lowers the levels of male hormones in men and of female hormones in women—even when taken in small amounts. In substantial amounts, alcohol can causeinfertility(不生育) in women and impotence (阳萎|) in men. Some alcoholic men develop enlarged breasts, from their increased female hormones.The alcohol myth also creates the illusion that beer and athletics are a perfect combination. One billboard features three high-action images: a baseball player running at top speed, a surfer riding a wave,and a basketball player leaping to make a dunk shot. A particular light beer, the billboard promises, "wont slow you down. "。
2023年英语六级CET阅读理解考试题及答案
2023年英语六级CET阅读理解考试题及答案雨的阅读理解答案推举度：党课考试题及答案推举度：高考阅读理解高频单词推举度：党课考试题目及答案推举度：2023年英语六级CET阅读理解考试题及答案The productivity of Americans employed in private businesses has declined. The productivity of workers in countries such as Japan and Germany is increasing. American machine tools, on average, are old, relatively inefficient, and rapidly becoming obsolete, whereas those of our competitors overseas, in comparison, are newer and more efficient. We are no longer the most productive workers in the world. We are no longer the leaders in industrial innovation (革新). We are an immenselywealthy nation of educated men and women who seem to have lost sight of the fact that everything—from the simplest necessities to the finest luxuries—must be produced through our own collective hard work. We have come to expect automatic increases in our collective standard of living, but we seem to have forgotten that these increases are possible only when our productivity continuesto grow.One thing that must change is the rate at which we substitute capital equipment for human labor. Simply put, our labor force has increased at a far greater rate than has our stock of capital investment. We seem to have forgotten that our past productivity gains, to a large extent, were realized from substitutions of capital for human labor. Today, 3 times as many robots are listed as capital assets by Japanese firms as by United States firms. There is no doubt that robots will become a common sight in American factories. Representing a new generation of technology, robots will replace factory labor much as the farm tractor replaced the horse. Robot technology has much to offer. It offers higher levels of productivity and quality at lower costs; in promises to free men and women from the dull, repetitious toil of the factory, it is likely to have an impact on society comparable to that made by the growth of computer technology.21. The word obsolete(Para. 1) most probably means_______.A. weakB. oldC. newD. out of date22. The author is anxious about_______.A. his people no longer taking the lead in industrial innovationB. his country no longer being a wealthy nationC. his people forgetting to raise their productivityD. his country falling behind other industrial nations23. According to the author, in his country_______.A. the proportion of labor force to capital investment is quite lowB. the growth rate of labor force should be greater than that of capital investmentC. the productivity increases should be achieved by the increases of labor forceD. capital investment should have increased more rapidly than labor force24. So far as the influence on society is concerned, _______.A. robot technology seems to be much more promising than computer technologyB. computer technology has less to offer than robot technologyC. robot technology can be compared with computer technologyD. robot technology cannot be compared with computer technology25. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to showthat_______.A. robots will help increase labor productivityB. robots will rule American factoriesC. robots are cheaper than human laborersD. robots will finally replace humans in factories参考答案21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A。
六级考试的标准阅读文章
六级考试的标准阅读文章六级考试的标准阅读文章Improbable as it may seem，an increasing number of Germans are giving up their elegant Mercedeses， sleek BMWs and ferociously fast Porsches and getting behind the wheels of imported American models – fro plush Cadillacs to more prosaic Fords. Unlike the cars produced by Detroit‘s European subsidiaries， these cars are as American as apple pie and watery beer. And thanks to a favorable exchange rate， they are more affordable than ever Last year Germans bought 12 477 new U.S. –built cars； sales are expected to double this year.Like blue jeans， this buy – America fad appeals to Germans from all walks of life. Once regarded as faulty， flashy， gas –guzzling Goliaths， American autos are – thanks in large measure to foreign competition –more stylish and reliable than in years past. Tugged， off- road vehicles like the four-wheel drive Jeep Cherokee are now the hot wheels to drive among Germany‘s thirty- something set. Owners and Aficionados of American –made care also boast their cars are cheaper to maintain.But that‘s not the main reason German motorists are choosing U.S. imports –It’s their price. Even afte r the cost of overseas shipping is included， American – made cars offer more value – and deluxe features – for less money than German models.A Chrysler LeBaron convertible sells for 35 000 marks； a BMW 320i convertible，by comparison，commands 10 000 marks more. And U.S. autos come with standard equipment – electric windows， automatic locks and sun roofs –that‘s available only as expensive options on German models.Owning an American car in Germany is not for everybody. But the worst headachescome form the German bureaucracy. Johann Erben， a Greiburg dental lab technician， purchased a LeBaron convertible during a U.S. trip in November – and has yet to drive it one kilometer. First， he waited months for the proper registration documents to arrive；then he spent more than 1 000 marks to have it comply with German regulations. Even so，safety inspectors refused to approve it until he changed the headlights and windows to European Community standards. “There I was with my supermodern， $ 20，000 car and unable to get it through inspection，” Erben recalled.。
大学英语四六级评分标准及分数分布
四级分值分布一、听力理解（ 35%，共 249 分）；二、阅读理解（ 35%，共 249 分）；三、综合测试（ 15%，共 106 分）；四、写作（ 15%，共 106 分）；其中，听力理解分为四小题，一、短对话；二、长对话；（都是选择题）（共10%），三、短文理解 : 选择题四、复合听写（共20%）阅读理解分为三小部分，一、快速阅读（10%）（是非 +句子填空或其他），二、仔细阅读，（ 25%）包括“篇章阅读理解”：选择题，“词汇理解”：选词填空三、综合测试包括：（一）、完型填空或改错：选择题或改错（5%）；篇章回答或句子翻译：简短回答或中译英（10%）官方正确分值：作文： 15％，合 106.5 分；快速阅读： 10％合 71 分，每个 7.1 分；听力客观题（单选）： 25％合 177.5 分每个 7.1 分；听力主观题（复合式听写）：10％合 71 分，前八个每个 3.55 分共 28.4 分，后三个每个 14.2 分，共 42.6 分；篇章词汇理解（选词填空） ;10%合 71 分，每个 7.1 分；仔细阅读理解： 15％合 106.5 分，共 10 个每个 10.65 分。
完形填空或改错： 10％合 71 分，共 20 个每个 3.55 分。
句子翻译或篇章问答： 5％合 35.5 分，共 5 个，每个 7.1 分。
加起来总计： 100％合710 分。
注：完形填空或改错、句子翻译或篇章问答，每年从中各随机抽选一种题型，请大家做好应变准备。
四、六级考试作文是怎么评分的：一、评分强调一致性大学英语四、六级考试的作文部分不是自由作文，而是有规定命题的作文。
对考生写什么内容有比较明确的要求，用各种明确的方式如提纲、图表、关键词等加以限制，但提纲常用中文给出，以避免考生将提纲中的文字直接抄录进作文。
采用有控制的作文也有利于提高评分的一致性。
对作文评分影响最大的是评分过程。
同一篇作文，不同的阅卷员可能给出不同的分数。
英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案
英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案:At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you dont act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo(禁忌的) behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. Its not taboo to talk about fat; its taboo to be fat. The "in" look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor,and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline, and self-respect. In animage-conscious society like the U. S. , thin is "in", fat is "out".Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and "in shape". The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americas obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising every day.1. From the passage we can infer taboo is .A. a strong desire to do something strange or terribleB. a crime committed on impulseC. behavior considered unacceptable in societys eyesD. an unfavorable impression left on other people2.Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude "being fat"_______.A. will always remain a tabooB. is not considered a taboo by most peopleC. has long been a tabooD. may no longer be a taboo some day3.The topic of fat is_______many other taboo subjects.A. the same asB. different fromC. more popular thanD. less often talked about than4.In the U. S. , thin is "in", fat is "out", this means_______.A. thin is "inside", fat is "outside"B. thin is "diligent", fat is "lazy"C. thin is "youthful", fat is "spiritless"D. thin is "fashionable", fat is "unfashionable"5.The main reason the passage gives for why so many Americans are exercising regularly is_______.A. their changed life-styleB. their eagerness to stay thin and youthfulC. their appreciation of the importance of exerciseD. the encouragement they have received from their companies参考答案：1. C2. D3. B4. D5. B英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案:For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; andthere is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the childrens responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many.as three turns to one side.Papouseks light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would " smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.21. According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.A. are directly related to pleasureB. will meet their physical needsC. will bring them a feeling of successD. will satisfy their curiosity22. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby______.A. would make learned responses when it saw the milkB. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC. would continue the simple movements without being given milkD. would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink23. In Papouseks experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order toA. have the lights turned onB. be rewarded with milkC. please their parentsD. be praised24. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because______.A. the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B. the sight of the lights was interestingC. they need not turn back to watch the lightsD. they succeeded in "switching on" the lights25. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of______.A. a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB. the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC. their strong desire to solve complex problemsD. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills 参考答案：21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A。
六级考试标准阅读160篇
六级考试标准阅读160篇第一篇(Unit one Passage 1)I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells ―happiness‖. But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he’s honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out ever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.1.Which of the following is true?A.Fun creates long-lasting satisfaction.B.Fun provides enjoyment while pain leads to happiness.C.Happiness is enduring whereas fun is short-lived.D.Fun that is long-standing may lead to happiness.2.To the author, Hollywood stars all have an important role to play that is to __.A.rite memoir after memoir about their happiness.B.tell the public that happiness has nothing to do with fun.C.teach people how to enjoy their lives.D.bring happiness to the public instead of going to glamorous parties.3.In the author’s opinion, marriage___.A.affords greater fun.B.leads to raising children.C.indicates commitment.D.ends in pain.4.Couples having infant children___.A.are lucky since they can have a whole night’s sleep.B.find fun in tucking them into bed at night.C.find more time to play and joke with them.D.derive happiness from their endeavor.5.If one get the meaning of the true sense of happiness, he will__.A.stop playing games and joking with others.B.make the best use of his time increasing happiness.C.give a free hand to money.D.keep himself with his family.第一篇答案：CBCDB第二篇(Unit one Passage 2)Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roleswere firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on ―overtime‖ work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1.Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?A.Women usually worked outside the home for wages.B.Men and women’s roles were easily exchanged in the past.C.Men’s roles at home were more firmly fixed than women’s.D.Men and women’s roles were usually quite separated in the past.2.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?A.The first sentence.B.The second and the third sentences.C.The fourth sentence.D.The last sentence.3.In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture___.A.destroyed the United States.B.transformed some American values.C.was not important in the United States.D.brought people more leisure time with their families.4.It could be inferred from the passage that___.A.men and women will never share the same goals.B.some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles.C.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives.D.more American households are headed by women than ever before.5.The best title for the passage may be ___.A.Results of Feminist MovementsB.New influence in American LifeC.Counterculture and Its consequenceD.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles.第二篇答案DCBCB第三篇(Unit one Passage 3)Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets,duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A.They think they are insane.B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.ing home-made electrical goods.B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.C.walking on artificial floor coverings.D.copying TV programs on a computer. 3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A.near a pound with a water pump.B.close to a slow-flowing river.C.high in some barren mountains.D.by a rotating water sprinkler.4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A.Ionisers.B.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Some scientists believe that___.A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.D.earthquake第三篇答案BCDAA第四篇(Unit one Passage 4)A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors—or of people very different from our own—can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offer us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly ―political‖ artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros—as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martines—depicted these Mexican artists’deep anger andsadness about social problems.In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy.1.More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because art history__.A.show us the religious and emotions of a people in addition to political values.B.provide us with information about the daily activities of people in the past.C.give us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a place.D.all of the above.2.Art is subjective in that__.A.a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it.B.it can easily rouse our anger or sadness about social problems.C.it will find a ready echo in our hearts.D.both B and C.3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Unlike Francisco Goya, Pablo and several Mexican artists expressed their political opinions in their paintings.B.History books often reveal the compilers’ political views.C.Religious art remained in Europe for centuries the only type of art because most people regarded the Bible as the Holy Book.D.All the above mentioned.4.The passage is mainly discussing__.A.the difference between general history and art history.B.The making of art history.C.What can we learn from art.D.The influence of artists on art history.5.In may be concluded from this passage that__. A.Islamic artists have had to create architectural decorations with images of flowers or geometric forms.B.History teachers are more objective than general history.C.It is more difficult to study art history than general history.D.People and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize the Bible.第四篇答案：DDDCA第五篇(Unit 2 Passage 1)If the old maxim that the customer is always right still has meaning, then the airlines that ply the world’s busiest air route between London and Paris have a flight on their hands.The Eurostar train service linking the UK and French capitals via the Channel Tunnel is winning customers in increasing numbers. In late May, it carried its one millionth passenger, having run only a limited service between London, Paris and Brussels since November 1994, starting with two trains a day in each direction to Paris and Brussels. By 1997, the company believes that it will be carrying ten million passengers a year, and continue to grow from there.From July, Eurostar steps its service to nine trains each way between London and Paris, and five between London and Brussels. Each train carries almost 800 passengers, 210 of them in first class.The airlines estimate that they will initially lose around 15%-20% of their London-Paris traffic to the railways once Eurostar starts a full service later this year (1995), with 15 trains a day each way. A similar service will start to Brussels. The damage will be limited, however, the airlines believe, with passenger numbers returning to previous levels within two to three years.In the short term, the damage caused by the 1 million people-levels traveling between London and Paris and Brussels on Eurostar trains means that some air services are already suffering. Some of the major carriers say that their passenger numbers are down by less than 5% and point to their rivals-Particularly Air France-as having suffered the problems. On the Brussels route, the railway company had less success, and the airlines report anything from around a 5% drop to no visible decline in traffic.The airlines’ optimism on returning traffic levels is based onhistorical precedent. British Midland, for example, points to its experience on Heathrow Leeds Bradford service which saw passenger numbers fold by 15% when British Rail electrified and modernized the railway line between London and Yorkshire. Two years later, travel had risen between the two destinations to the point where the airline was carrying record numbers of passengers.1.British airlines confide in the fact that__.A.they are more powerful than other European airlines.B.their total loss won’t go beyond a drop of 5% passengers.C.their traffic levels will return in 2-3 years.D.traveling by rail can never catch up with traveling by air.2.The author’s attitude towards the drop of passengers may be described as__.A.worried.B.delightedC.puzzled.D.unrivaled.3.In the passage, British Rail (Para 6) is mentioned to__.A.provide a comparison with Eurostar.B.support the airlines’ optimism.C.prove the inevitable drop of air passengers.D.call for electrification and modernization of the railway.4.The railway’s Brussels route is brought forth to show that__.A.the Eurostar train service is not doing good business.B.the airlines can well compete with the railway.C.the Eurostar train service only caused little damage.D.only some airlines, such as Air France, are suffering.5.The passage is taken from the first of an essay, from which we may well predict that in the following part the author is going to__.A.praise the airlines’ clear-mindedness.B.warn the airlines of high-speed rail services.C.propose a reduction of London/Paris flights.D.advise the airlines to follow British Midland as their model. 第五篇答案：CABCB第六篇(Unit 2 Passage 2)Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify moods and actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual’s behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine glands and the body’s changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging.Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormone secretion. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues. Bayliss and starling demonstrated that chemical integration could occur without participation of the nervous system.The term ―hormone‖was first used with reference to secretion. Starling derived the term from the Greek hormone, meaning ―to excite or set in motion. The term ―endocrine‖ was introduced shortly thereafter ―Endocrine‖is used to refer to glands that secret products into the bloodstream. The term ―endocrine‖contrasts with ―exocrine‖, which is applied to glands that secret their products though ducts to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secrets pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless.1.What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?A.To explain the specific functions of various hormones.B.To provide general information about hormones.C.To explain how the term ―hormone‖ evolved.D.To report on experiments in endocrinology.2.The passage supports which of the following conclusions?A.The human body requires large amounts of most hormones.B.Synthetic hormones can replace a person’s natural supply ofhormones if necessary.C.The quantity of hormones produced and their effects on the body are related to a person’s age.D.The short child of tall parents very likely had a hormone deficiency early in life.3.It can be inferred from the passage that before the Bayliss and Starling experiments, most people believed that chemical integration occurred only___.A.during sleep.B.in the endocrine glands.C.under control of the nervous system.D.during strenuous exercise.4.The word ―liberate‖ could best be replaced by which of the following?A.EmancipateB.DischargeC.SurrenderD.Save5.According to the passage another term for exocrine glands is___.A.duct glandsB.endocrine glandsC.ductless glandsD.intestinal glands.第六篇答案：BDCBA第七篇(Unit 2 Passage 3)The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called ―the heroic age of Antarctic exploration‖. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shakleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogs that earlier discoverers found so invaluable and hardly comparable.Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the maping of the whole of the interior presents a formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper, coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes.The polar darkness which hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air-fields for the future inter-continental air services by making these areas as light as day. Present flying routes will be completely changed, for the Antarctic refueling bases will make flights from Australia to South America comparatively easy over the 5,000 miles journey.The climate is not likely to offer an insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that it is probably the most healthy climate in the world, for the intense cold of thousands of years has sterilize this continent, and rendered it absolutely germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sickness and diseases from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any signs of deterioration; it may even be that later generations will come to regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world.Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a ―dead continent‖now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor.1.When did man begin to explore the Antarctic?A.About 100years ago.B.In this century.C.At the beginning of the 19th century.D.In 1798.2.What must the explorers be, even though they have modern equipment and techniques?A.Brave and toughB.Stubborn and arrogant.C.Well-liked and humorous.D.Stout and smart.3.The most healthy climate in the world is___.A.in South America.B.in the Arctic Region.C.in the Antarctic Continent.D.in the Atlantic Ocean.4.What kind of metals and minerals can we find in the Antarctic?A.Magnetite, coal and ores.B.Copper, coal and uranium.C.Silver, natural gas and uranium.D.Aluminum, copper and natural gas.5.What is planned for the continent?A.Building dams along the coasts.B.Setting up several summer resorts along the coasts.C.Mapping the coast and whole territory.D.Setting up permanent bases on the coasts.第六篇答案：BDCBA第七篇(Unit 2 Passage 3)The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called ―the heroic age of Antarctic exploration‖. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shakleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogs that earlier discoverers found so invaluable and hardly comparable.Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the maping of the whole of the interior presents a formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper, coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes. The polar darkness which hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air-fields for the future inter-continental air services by making these areas as light as day. Present flying routes will be completely changed, for the Antarctic refueling bases will make flights from Australia to South America comparatively easy over the 5,000 miles journey.The climate is not likely to offer an insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that it is probably the most healthy climate in the world, for the intense cold of thousands of years has sterilize this continent, and rendered it absolutely germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sickness and diseases from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any signs of deterioration; it may even be that later generations will come to regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world.Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a ―dead continent‖now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor.1.When did man begin to explore the Antarctic?A.About 100years ago.B.In this century.C.At the beginning of the 19th century.D.In 1798.2.What must the explorers be, even though they have modern equipment and techniques?A.Brave and toughB.Stubborn and arrogant.C.Well-liked and humorous.。
英语六级考试标准阅读附答案
英语六级考试标准阅读附答案下面是学习啦我整理的英语六级考试标准阅读附答案，希望对大家有关怀。
Which is safer-staying at home，traveling to work on public transport，or working in theoffice? Surprisingly，each of these carries the same risk，which is very low. However，what aboutflying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately，the former is 65 times riskierthan the latter! In fact，the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that ofalmost any of human activity，and almost as safe as staying at home.The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death tothose living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately，they areextremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947)，Flixborough (1974)，Seveso (1976)，Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984)。
大学英语六级考试标准阅读附答案
大学英语六级考试标准阅读附答案Sugar—Friend VS EnemyA) Sugar is everywhere. Its in our drinks, its in our foods, and its hidden in places we neverwould think of. Many would call sugar their friend in time of need, but in fact their so-called “goodfriend” could turn out to be their worst enemy in disguise. Sugar for many is something they mayhave been battling with for a long time. Heres a simple three-step process to help you start to winback the battle for your health.B) The first step is to be aware of what sugar really does to your body. Most people will saythey “know” that they shouldnt have sugar, but they really cant help it. To me that is a lack of trueawareness of what sugar does to oneself. I don+t think many people will say that they want tohurt their body on purpose, but unless they know its really happening they will continue down thatroad. Sugar is slower to impact our health, and it，s that slow destructive process that is themost dangerous. Unfortunately, most people dont know the damage until it has already been done.C) Sugar increases fat storing. Possibly the most important hormone in the body is insulin (胰岛素)，when it comes to weight loss and health. Insulin is the main hormone that we have fullcontrol over daily through our diet and lifestyle. When we eat sugar and it enters into ourbloodstream too quickly, we have a spike in blood sugar levels. Now in times of highactivity we areable to burn it off, but if we are sitting around this is not a good thing. So in response to that highlevel of blood sugar, the body will release more insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin will then takethe excess glucose (葡萄糖)and try to find a place to store it. If your muscles are all full or haveinsulin resistance) then the best place to put the excess glucose is fat cells. When insulin is high,the fat cells are told to shut down any process of releasing stored fat into the blood for burning.With chronic high insulin spikes comes a resistance to it by your cells, leading to more insulinproduction, leading to more fat storing, and more resistance, eventually going down a road ofdiabetes and ill health for the whole body.D) Sugar also disrupts normal brain function. I think most people can relate to mood swingsand energy highs/lows that come after a high sugar meal. Sugar can also be the source of manypeoples increased anxiety and depression. Let us not also forget the kids with ever-increasingattention “disorders” and behavioral issues. Sugar is not helping with that, either. In fact, there havebeen many studies that show when taking sugar out of a kids diet and increasing fat intake, theirattention ability increases, their behavior changes for the better.E) Sugar decreases your overall health and makes you age quicker. Too much sugar will loweryour overall immune system increase destructive inflammation, lead to essential mineraldeficiencies in the body, feed bad bacteria growth in your gut and other wonderful stuff. Aging isjust a fancy word for the body breaking down quicker than it can repair itself, as that is whathappens when we get older. Aging also is accelerated by the increasing risks of all degenerativediseases such as diabetes,osteoporosis, heart disease and cancers. We are all going to get older,but it doesnt mean that we have to “age” quicker.F) The second step is to realize you are in 100% control of your actions. This could be themost underrated yet the most important step, as we are the only person who controls what we putinto our body. Everything starts in what we choose to put in our mouths. Some people may saythey cant control their sugar cravings, but that is already admitting defeat and giving up power tosome “cosmic sugar influence” out there. We can pass on dessert, we dont need to buy a candybar, we can drink water instead of soda, but the choice is ours to make.G) Also many like to call it an “addiction”. This is just another way to give up your own personalpower of choice. While sugar can have “addictive like” qualities, its not something that you own or isa part of you. Fight the battle and you will get over the addictive feelings, they will go away. But ifyou call it an addiction and make it part of you, then it is yours to keep forever. Be free from it, letgo. Take back control and anything is possible.H) The third step is to just live the daily journey one choice at a time. Life is just a series ofpresent moments, and the choices we make in those moments. So let，s just focus on what wecan do right now instead of worrying about what has happened in the past or may or may nothappen in the future. “Now” is all we have and all we need to focus on.I) Choose to eat more natural foods. Choose whole food proteins, healthy fats and naturalsources of carbohydrates. If it wasnt around a thousand years ago or is made by man (and notnature), chances are you dont need it. Note how it says “Choose” above, as it is your choice. Findthehidden sources of sugars and remove them. Sugar is hidden in places such as sauces, ketchup,soups, processed foods, drinks, so called health bars, and more. Become a label reader and seehow much sugar you are consistently putting into your body. Dont fall for the marketing trickeither of “low fat”, because that usually means “more sugar”.1. We are able to lower blood sugar levels by taking part in intense activities.2. If you consider sugar as an addiction and call it something that you own, you won"t get ridof it forever.3. In the authors opinion, the reason why many people can$t help having sugar is that they areunaware of its danger.4. When insulin in the bloodstream is high, fat cells will stop releasing stored fat.5. The author believes that sugar which we called “good friend” in time of need in fact is a hiddenenemy.6. Many studies show that sugar-free diets with more fat can improve childrens attention ability.7. The truth that we get older is that our body breaks down faster than it can be selfrepaired.8. You yield to your addictive feelings, which means you give up your own personal power ofchoice.9. The author believes that taking high sugar meals may result in mood fluctuation.10. To be healthy, what we should do now is to eat natural foods and get rid of the hiddensources of sugars.内容概要糖类食品无处不在，影响了人们的健康。
六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总(整理精校版)
六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总教学相长0815 16:55：：1.在从句中，对以下连接词和引导词要保持高度警惕：(1)which(或代词it)绝对不可指代前面的整个句子;(2)because不可引导名词性从句;(3)宾语从句中引导词that一般不能省略;(4)if绝不可以引导名词性从句，如要表示“是否”，只能用whether引导;(5)对不作为介词宾语的事物作限定性修饰，只用that而不用which。
而which 仅用于引导对介宾进行修饰的限定性从句和引导非限定性从句。
2.在require、demand等表“建议、命令”意义的词之后的that从句，要求用虚拟语气动词，即动词原形，不加should。
3.绝对不可以单独使用that指代前面的单数或不可数名词，而一般是用that of+n.结构指代或换用其他表达方式。
4.绝不可以单独使用this、these来指代前面出现的单数或复数名词，而绝对要通过换用其他人称代词，或重复前面出现的名词或者改变句子结构来避免这样非正式且模糊的指代。
如sth. of this kind, like this /these等模糊表达均要用such+n.(n.即重复this、these所指代的对象)来取代，意为“这些……”。
另外，在“such……that”结构中，such只修饰具体名词，而不修饰抽象名词(如rapidity、severity等)。
5.在我们通常使用的there be句型中，以下表达必错：(1)there could be done sth.;(2)there be sth. done;(3)there being+名词词组(4)there was sth.(抽象的表动作的名词)，如说there was a transmisscion 万万不可。
呈般来说，there be仅用于“某处有某物”，而此物是指一具体名词，如knife，star，wolf等，而非抽象名词conversion, relation等。
大学英语六级考试阅读题及答案
大学英语六级考试阅读题及答案大学英语六级考试阅读精选题及答案通过考级能培养英语学习者的学习兴趣与语言的实际应用能力，建立完整的教学评价与检验体系，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语六级辅导练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant work ethic, still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological needs, the feeling of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work defines them; they are what they do. What happens, then when a person can no longer work?Most Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one’s job, whatever it is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know how to use their time or they feel lost without jobs.Retirement can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are increasing very rapidly. Seniorcitizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans to make ends meet. The rate of inflation is forcing prices higher each year; Social Security checks alone cannot cover Medicare (health care) and welfare (general assistance) but many senior citizens have to change their lifestyles after retirement. They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to but food, fuel, and other necessities.Of course, many senior citizens are happy with retirement. They have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies. Some continue to work part time; others do volunteer work. Some, like those in the Retired Business Executives Association, even help young people to get started in new business. Many retired citizens also belong to “Golden Age” groups. These organizations plan trips and social events. There are many opportunities for retirees.Americans society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problem of limited income. They are building new housing, offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services, such as free courses, food service, and help with housework. Retired citizens are a rapidly growing percentage of the population. This part of the population is very important and we must respond to their needs. After all, every citizen will be a senior citizen some day.1.The early immigrants considered work ___.A.too hardB.importantC.pleasantD.dull2.Why do Americans like working? Because working ___.A.doesn’t only mean money but it is also psychologicalB.can make life more comfortableC.can prove people to be independentD.gives people funny3.We can safely put forward that retirees who ___.A.have no financial problems still want to earn more moneyB.have financial problems still feel lostC.have no financial problems still feel lostD.have no financial problems feels it’s hard to make ends meet4.According to the passage the government ___.A.hadn’t paid attention to the retirees’ problemsB.has already solved a lot of retirees’ problemsC.has just begun to pay attention to the r etirees’ problemsD.won’t pay attention to the retirees’ problems5.Which of the following is not steps taken for the benefit of senior citizens by the government?A.New housing has been built.B.The old are offered discounts in stores.C.Senior citizens are provided free courses, food service.D.None.答案：BACCD。
大学英语六级(CET6)阅读理解中英文对照25篇
六级阅读Passage oneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Many Americans harbour a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe, “the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no -risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides (杀虫剂). Says he: “Since plants do not have jaw s or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare.” And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer. Mushrooms (磨菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: “We’ve got fat worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day be cause of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.21.What does the author think of the Americans’ view of their food?A)They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B)They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C)They overestimate the hazards of their food.D)They overlook the risks of the food they eat.22.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because ________.A)no food is free from pollution in the environmentB)pesticides are widely used in agricultureC)many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD)almost all foods have additives123.By saying “they employ chemical warfare” (Line 4, Para. 2), Bruce Ames means“________”.A)plants produce certain chemicals to combat pests and diseasesB)plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC)farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD)farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases24.The reduction of the possible hazards in food ultimately depends on ________.A)the governmentB)the consumerC)the processorD)the grower25.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A)Eating and drinking have become more hazardous than before.B)Immediate measures must be taken to improve food production and processing.C)Health food is not a dream in modern society.D)There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.译文很多美国人对有关食物的多数危险持极度歪曲、夸张的观点。
大学六级真题及参考阅读理解部分
大学六级真题及参考阅读理解部分近年来，大学英语六级考试已成为中国大学生的一项重要考试。
它不仅考察学生的英语听、说、读、写能力，还对他们的综合运用能力进行全面测试。
本文将重点介绍大学六级考试的真题及参考阅读理解部分。
大学六级考试的真题通常涵盖四个部分：听力、阅读、写作和翻译。
其中，阅读理解是考生最重要的部分之一。
在考试中，多篇英语文章会提供给考生，每篇文章后面都会有几个问题。
考生需要根据文章的内容，选择正确的答案或者完成相关的任务。
参考阅读理解部分是大学六级考试准备过程中，非常重要的一部分。
考生可以通过参考原文、理解文章的结构和逻辑关系，来提高自己的阅读理解能力。
以下是一篇六级考试的参考阅读理解真题及其解析，供考生参考。
Passage 1:Culture Shock and Studying AbroadStudying abroad is a wonderful opportunity for international students to experience a new culture while pursuing their education. However, it may also present the challenge of culture shock. Culture shock refers to the feelings of discomfort and disorientation one may experience when encountering a new culture.There are several stages to culture shock. The first stage is the honeymoon stage, during which everything seems exciting and new.However, this stage quickly gives way to the second stage, known as the negotiation stage. In this stage, international students may feel frustrated and overwhelmed as they try to adapt to the new culture. The third stage is the adjustment stage, during which students begin to overcome the feelings of culture shock and become more comfortable in their new environment. The final stage is the adaptation stage, when students fully accept and integrate into the new culture.To overcome culture shock and make the most of their studying abroad experience, students can take several steps. First, it is important to maintain an open mind and embrace the differences in culture. Engaging in local activities and making friends with local students can also help students better understand and appreciate the new culture. Finally, seeking support from other international students or student services on campus can provide a sense of community and help students navigate any challenges they may face.In conclusion, studying abroad is an exciting opportunity that allows students to immerse themselves in a new culture. While culture shock may be a challenge, taking proactive steps to overcome it can lead to a more rewarding experience.Question 1: What is culture shock?A. The excitement of studying abroad.B. The discomfort of encountering a new culture.C. The feeling of frustration while studying abroad.D. The process of adapting to a new culture.Question 2: Which stage of culture shock is characterized by frustration and feeling overwhelmed?A. The honeymoon stage.B. The negotiation stage.C. The adjustment stage.D. The adaptation stage.Question 3: How can students overcome culture shock?A. By avoiding local activities.B. By embracing the differences in culture.C. By only making friends with international students.D. By not seeking support from student services.解析：Question 1: What is culture shock?根据第一段第二句话可知，culture shock指的是一个人在遇到一个新的文化时可能会感到的不适和迷茫。
英语六级考试标准阅读（24）
How often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing？ The usual answer these days is “never”， or “hardly ever”。
As the pace of life continues to increase， we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life，being on the go from morning till night， it is hard to slow down and unwind. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life. There is no way to avoid it， since it takes many and varied forms——driving in traffic， problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stress. Stress， in fact， is not the “baddy” it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to level performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people thrive on stress， and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others crumple at the sight of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress， in whatever form， we react both chemically and physically. In fact， we invoke the “fight”mechanism， which in more primitive days made the difference between life and death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme， but however minimal the stress， it involves the same response. All the energy is diverted to cope with the stress， with the result that other functions， such as digestion， are neglected. It is when such a reaction is prolonged， through continued exposure to stress， that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure， coronary heart disease（冠⼼病）all have established links with stress. The way stress affects a person also varies with the individual. Stress in some people produces stomach disorders， while others succumb to tension headaches. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives， we need to find ways to cope with it. 1.The reason that many people find it very difficult to relax these days is that ___. A.they are working harder than they used to be. B.they are often too busy to find the time. C.they are suffering from the effects of stress. D.they are not clear of how to relax by themselves. 2.We learn from the passage that ___. A.how much stress one can bear depends greatly on whether he knows the art of relaxation. B.people in primitive days survived from stress because they found certain mechanism to cope with it. C.if one gets into the habit of relaxing every day he can overcome stress easily. D.stress can lead to serious health problem if one is exposed to it for too long. 3.The sentence “Stress， in fact， is not the 'baddy' it is often reputed to be” suggests that ___. A.stress used to have a bad reputation of causing ill health. B.we should not take it for granted that stress is unavoidable. C.stress is not so terrible as people often believe it to be. D.people do not think stress is as harmful as it was before. 4.The pronoun “it” at the end of the passage refers back to __. A.ill health B.exposure C.reaction D.stress. 5.What is writer's attitude to stress according to the passage？ A.Stress as well as relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. B.Stress produces both positive and negative effects on people. C.Stress should not be eliminated completely from the life. D.People usually work better under stress if they are healthy. 答案：ＢＤＣＤＢ。
12月英语六级阅读精选考试题及解析
12月英语六级阅读精选考试题及解析考试时间安排英语六级考试通常在每年的6月和12月进行，是大学生英语能力测试的一个重要标准之一。
考试安排以官方公告为准，考试时间一般为8:30-11:10，考试时长2小时40分钟。
其中，阅读时间为45分钟，共15篇阅读理解文章，考生需要在规定的时间内阅读完所有文章，并选择正确的答案。
阅读理解考试题目分析英语六级阅读理解考试共15个题目，每个题目配有一篇文章。
常见的题目类型包括：1. 主旨大意题在这种题目中，考生需要阅读文章全文，以较为简洁和准确的方式写出文章的主旨大意。
主旨大意题也是考试中出现频率最高的题型之一。
例题：What is the main idea of the passage?A. An introduction to a new type of mobile phone.B. A report on the decline of the mobile phone industry.C. A discussion of the benefits of different mobile phone models.D. An argument for the superiority of a certain type of mobile phone.答案：A2. 细节题在这种题目中，考生需要在文章中准确地找到与题目相关的细节信息。
细节题需要考生仔细阅读文章，并关注特定的信息和细节。
例题：According to the passage, what are the benefits of exercise?A. Improved mood and greater creativity.B. Stronger muscles and greater stamina.C. Lower risk of heart disease and better lung function.D. Improved immune system and better digestion.答案：C3. 推断题在这种题目中，考生需要根据文章中的信息进行推断，回答一些问题。
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The government-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel，meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps，crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.
What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring？Not man，not beast，but the lowly desert locust.（蝗虫）In recent months，billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria，Libya，Morocco and Tunisia，blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion，the worst in 30 years，is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan，making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust，which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight （not quite a tenth of an ounce）in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100，000 tons of grass，trees and crops in a single night.
All ﹩150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes and about 50，000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated ﹩3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union，Canada，Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides，which quickly lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More then 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals；another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.
On May 30，representatives of Tunisia，Algeria，Libya，Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step，but whatever plan is devised，the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.
1.The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that ___.
A.the command post is stationed with people all the time.
B.the command post is crowed with people all the time.
C.there are clocks around the command post.
D.the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.
2.The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ___.
A.rich soil.
B.wet land
C.paces covered crops and vegetation
D.the Red Sea
3.People are alert at the threat of the locust because ___.
A.the insects are likely to create another African famine.
B.the insects may blacked the sky.
C.the number of the insects increases drastically.
D.the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.
4.Which of the following is true？
A.Once the pesticides are used，locust will die immediately.
B.Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pesticides.
C.Dieldrin，the most effective locust killer，has been widely accepted in many countries.
D.Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing chemicals by the end of June.
5.The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ___.
A.to devise antilocust plans.
B.to wipe out the swarms in two years.
C.to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.
D.to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.
答案：BBADA
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