Security Analysis of E-commerce means of payment
基于VAR的电子商务系统安全风险量化方法研究
第38卷 增刊 电 子 科 技 大 学 学 报 V ol.38 Suppl2009年11月 Journalof University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Nov. 2009 基于VAR 的电子商务系统安全风险量化方法研究戚文静,张 建,袁卫华(山东建筑大学计算机科学与技术学院 济南 250101)【摘要】信息安全是制约电子商务发展的重要因素之一,安全风险的评估和量化是进行风险控制、保证交易安全的基础。
该文分析了金融领域广泛使用的风险计算方法⎯⎯V AR 方法,在分析威胁、脆弱点及资产价值等风险因素的基础上,给出了风险因素的形式化表示及信息安全风险量化的V AR 方法。
通过仿真实验说明了V AR 与安全投资之间的关系及利用V AR 进行风险评估的意义。
电子商务企业可以根据V AR 值选择适当的控制措施,从而达到安全投资和风险的平衡。
关 键 词 资产; 风险量化; 威胁; 在险价值; 脆弱点中图分类号 TP309 文献标识码 A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2009.z1.010V AR-Based Method of E-Commerce SystemSecurity Risk QuantificationQI Wen-jing, ZHANG Jian, and YUAN Wei-hua(School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan 250101)Abstract Information security is a critical factor that restrain the development of E-commerce, security risk assessment and quantification is the foundation of risk control and trade security. In this paper, the value at risk (VAR) method used in the fields of financial risk assessment is introduced, the risk factors, threat, vulnerability, and assets are analized, and a risk quantification model and the method of calculating VAR are proposed. Simulation experiment shows the relationship between VAR and security investment as well as the significance of using VAR in risk assessment. E-commerce enterprises can select proper security control measures according to VAR and get a well trade-off between security investment and risk.Key words assets; risk quantification; threat; value at risk; vulnerability收稿日期: 2009 − 09 − 15基金项目:山东省教育厅科技计划(J07YJ14)作者简介:戚文静(1972 − ),女,硕士生,副教授,主要从事信息安全、模式识别方面的研究.电子商务具有高效率、低成本等优势,同时也面临着系统故障、数据泄露、在线攻击等方面的安全问题。
电子商务专业英语第三次作业答案
02
E-commerce platform
Definition
E-commerce platforms are online marketplaces that enable businesses to buy and sell products and services.
Types
There are various types of e-commerce platforms including B2B (Business-to-Business), B2C (Business-to-Consumer), C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer) and B2G (Business-to-Government).
01
Overview of E-commerce
总结词
电子商务是一种通过互联网进行商业交易和相关活动的行为。
详细描述
电子商务(E-commerce)是指利用互联网、移动设备和相关的数字技术,实现商品或服务的交易、服务和信息交换的一种商业活动。它涵盖了B2B(企业对企业)、B2C(企业对消费者)、C2C(消费者对消费者)等多种交易模式。
The definition and types of e-commerce payments
Security is a top priority for e-commerce payments, as sensitive personal information needs to be protected during transactions.
E-commerce payments are typically categorized into various types, including online banking transfer, third-party payment, mobile payment, and digital currency payment. Each type has its own unique features and advantages.
电子商务英语试题及答案
电子商务英语试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. What does "B2B" stand for in the context of e-commerce?A. Business to BusinessB. Business to ConsumerC. Consumer to ConsumerD. Business to Government答案:A2. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of online shopping?A. ConvenienceB. Cost-effectivenessC. Limited product selectionD. Time-saving答案:C3. The term "e-wallet" refers to:A. An electronic device used for making paymentsB. A physical wallet for carrying cashC. A software application for managing digital currenciesD. A secure online account for storing payment information答案:D4. What is the primary function of a shopping cart on an e-commerce website?A. To store products for future purchaseB. To display advertisementsC. To allow customers to add and remove items before checkoutD. To provide customer support答案:C5. Which of the following is a type of digital marketing strategy?A. Direct mailB. Social media marketingC. Print advertisingD. Radio commercials答案:B6. What does "SEO" stand for?A. Social Engine OptimizationB. Search Engine OptimizationC. Secure Electronic OrderingD. Systematic Electronic Organization答案:B7. In e-commerce, what is the purpose of a "cookie"?A. To store user preferences and track browsing behaviorB. To enhance the website's securityC. To provide customer service through chatbotsD. To encrypt sensitive data答案:A8. Which of the following is a common e-commerce payment gateway?A. PayPalB. FedExC. UPSD. DHL答案:A9. What is the acronym "API" used for in the context of e-commerce?A. Application Programming InterfaceB. Advanced Payment InterfaceC. Automated Product IntegrationD. Advanced Product Application答案:A10. What is the meaning of "EDI" in e-commerce?A. Electronic Data InterchangeB. Electronic Document InterfaceC. Electronic Device InterfaceD. Electronic Display Interface答案:A二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)11. The process of transferring funds from a buyer's bankaccount to a seller's bank account is known as ___________.答案:funds transfer12. A(n) ___________ is a document that provides proof of a transaction between a buyer and a seller.答案:invoice13. The term ___________ refers to the practice of collecting and analyzing data to understand and predict user behavior.答案:analytics14. When a customer places an order online, the process is often referred to as ___________.答案:checkout15. In e-commerce, ___________ is the process of verifying the identity of a user or system.答案:authentication16. ___________ is a method of payment that involves transferring money from a buyer's bank account directly to the seller's bank account.答案:Direct Debit17. The acronym "SSL" stands for ___________.答案:Secure Sockets Layer18. A(n) ___________ is a type of software that helps businesses manage their customer relationships.答案:CRM (Customer Relationship Management)19. ___________ is a type of e-commerce fraud where a customer provides false information to obtain goods or services.答案:chargeback20. The process of returning a product to a seller is known as ___________.答案:returns processing三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)21. What are the key components of an effective e-commerce website?答案:An effective e-commerce website typically includes user-friendly navigation, a clear and concise layout, secure payment options, a responsive design for mobile devices, product descriptions and images, customer reviews, and a reliable customer service system.22. Describe the role of customer service in e-commerce.答案:Customer service plays a crucial role in e-commerce by addressing customer inquiries, resolving issues, and providing support throughout the purchasing process. It helps build trust, improve customer satisfaction, and can influence repeat business and customer loyalty.四、论述题(每题15分,共30分)23. Discuss the importance of security in e-commerce and the measures that can be taken to protect customer data.答案:Security is paramount in e-commerce as it safeguards sensitive customer information and financial data. Measures to protect customer data include using encryptionfor data transmission, implementing secure payment gateways, employing firewalls and intrusion。
The Importance of Cybersecurity in E-commerce
The Importance of Cybersecurity in E-commerce Cybersecurity is an essential aspect of e-commerce that cannot be overlooked. With the increasing number of online transactions, the risk of cyber attacks has also increased. E-commerce platforms are vulnerable to various types of cyber attacks, including phishing, hacking, and malware attacks. Therefore, it is crucial to have robust cybersecurity measures in place to protect online businesses and their customers from potential threats.One of the primary reasons why cybersecurity is crucial in e-commerce is to protect sensitive customer information. E-commerce platforms store a vast amount of personal and financial data, including credit card numbers, addresses, and phone numbers. If this information falls into the wrong hands, it can be used to steal identities, commit fraud, and cause financial loss to customers. Therefore, it is essential to have strong encryption protocols and secure servers to protect customer data from unauthorized access.Another reason why cybersecurity is crucial in e-commerce is to prevent financial loss. Cyber attacks can result in financial losses to both online businesses and their customers. For instance, a hacker can gain access to an e-commerce platform's payment system and steal credit card information, resulting in financial loss to customers. Additionally, cyber attacks can cause reputational damage to online businesses, leading to a loss of customers and revenue. Therefore, it is crucial to have robust cybersecurity measures in place to prevent financial loss.Moreover, cybersecurity is essential in e-commerce to comply with legal and regulatory requirements. Many countries have laws and regulations that require online businesses to protect customer data and prevent cyber attacks. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in legal and financial penalties. Therefore, online businesses must ensure that they have robust cybersecurity measures in place to comply with legal and regulatory requirements.Furthermore, cybersecurity is crucial in e-commerce to maintain customer trust. Online businesses that have a reputation for being secure and trustworthy are more likely to attract and retain customers. Customers are more likely to purchase from e-commerceplatforms that have robust cybersecurity measures in place to protect their personal and financial data. Therefore, online businesses must invest in cybersecurity to maintain customer trust and loyalty.In conclusion, cybersecurity is an essential aspect of e-commerce that cannot be overlooked. Online businesses must have robust cybersecurity measures in place to protect customer data, prevent financial loss, comply with legal and regulatory requirements, and maintain customer trust. Cyber attacks can cause significant damage to online businesses and their customers, and therefore, it is crucial to invest in cybersecurity to prevent such attacks. E-commerce platforms must prioritize cybersecurity to ensure the safety and security of their customers' personal and financial data.。
英语作文-人工智能助力电商平台,提升用户购物体验
英语作文-人工智能助力电商平台,提升用户购物体验Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as the ultimate catalyst in transforming the landscape of e-commerce platforms, revolutionizing the way users interact and experience online shopping. By leveraging advanced algorithms and machine learning models, AI empowers these platforms to enhance user satisfaction, streamline operations, and personalize interactions, thereby optimizing the overall shopping journey.One of the primary ways AI augments the e-commerce experience is through personalized recommendations. Unlike traditional methods that rely on broad demographic data, AI analyzes vast amounts of user-specific information in real-time. This includes browsing history, purchase patterns, and even social media behavior. By understanding individual preferences, AI can suggest products tailored to each user's unique tastes and needs. This level of personalization not only increases the likelihood of a purchase but also enhances user satisfaction by presenting relevant options effortlessly.Moreover, AI significantly improves customer service within e-commerce platforms. Through natural language processing (NLP) and sentiment analysis, AI-powered chatbots engage with customers in real-time, addressing inquiries, providing product information, and even processing transactions. These virtual assistants operate seamlessly around the clock, ensuring prompt responses and support irrespective of time zones or peak hours. As a result, users receive immediate assistance, leading to higher levels of trust and loyalty towards the platform.Furthermore, AI optimizes inventory management and supply chain operations. By analyzing historical sales data and predicting future demand trends, AI algorithms enable platforms to maintain optimal stock levels. This prevents stockouts, reduces overstocking costs, and ensures that popular items are always available when customers are ready to buy. Such efficiency not only enhances the user experience by minimizing delivery delays but also improves operational profitability for e-commerce businesses.Another critical area where AI excels is fraud detection and prevention. With the capability to analyze vast datasets and detect anomalous behaviors in real-time, AI algorithms can identify potential fraudulent transactions with a high degree of accuracy. By promptly flagging suspicious activities such as unusual spending patterns or account logins, AI helps protect both users and the platform itself from cyber threats. This proactive approach not only safeguards financial transactions but also enhances the overall security and trustworthiness of the e-commerce ecosystem.Furthermore, AI-driven analytics empower e-commerce platforms with actionable insights into customer behavior and market trends. By processing complex data sets, AI identifies emerging patterns, consumer preferences, and market fluctuations. This foresight enables businesses to adapt swiftly, fine-tuning marketing strategies, optimizing product offerings, and staying ahead of competitors in a dynamic marketplace.In conclusion, artificial intelligence represents the ultimate innovation in revolutionizing e-commerce platforms, transcending traditional boundaries to deliver unparalleled user experiences. From personalized recommendations and responsive customer service to efficient inventory management and robust security measures, AI empowers businesses to thrive in an increasingly competitive digital landscape. As technology continues to evolve, the integration of AI promises to redefine the future of online shopping, making it more intuitive, efficient, and user-centric than ever before.。
2020届上海市静安区高三二模英语 Word版含答案
2020届上海市静安区高三二模英语I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bookstore. B. At a library. C. At an art gallery. D. At a travel agency.2. A. The man is allowed to pay his registration fees until Friday.B. If the man pays on Friday, he will pay a late fee.C. The man will not be fined for not paying on time.D. The man is allowed to pay after Friday for good reasons.3. A. She read it from cover to cover. B. She read it selectively.C. She read it chapter by chapter.D. She finished reading it overnight.4. A. She felt very sorry. B. She felt a bit annoyed.C. She felt shocked.D. She felt very excited.5. A. The furnished apartment was inexpensive.B. The man bought a furnished apartment.C. The furniture at the market is on sale every Sunday.D. The secondhand furniture he bought was very cheap.6. A. He feels guilty. B. He feels shameful.C. He is shameless.D. He is sensitive to outside criticism.7. A. He was in hospital for a long time.B. He was slightly injured in a traffic accident.C. He was seriously injured in a mine explosion.D. He was severely fined for speeding.8. A. Tony went skiing yesterday. B. Tony didn’t have much work to do.C. Tony does n’t like watching sports.D. Tony likes watching sports better.9. A. They need more people to help them . B. They need some financial support.C. She has to leave soon.D. The idea is impractical.10. A. Jane was lucky enough not to be caught in the rain.B. Jane was caught in the rain because she walked home.C. Jane had to walk back home in spite of the heavy rain.D. It was raining hard when Jane came back on foot.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Staying on gum trees all day long. B. Having a daily diet of gum leaves.C. Looking for food in an extensive area.D. Storing its leafy diet in a large tube.12. A. Because it lives only in wet land. B. Because its body gets slightly wet.C. Because it sucks its mother’s milk.D. Because it rarely drinks water.13. A. It leaves its mother half a year after birth.B. It has been carried on its mother’s back since its birth.C. It is tended in its mother’s pouch (育儿袋) and then carried on her back.D. It stays in its mother’s pouch for a year after birth.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Sell it at a local shop. B. Refuse the marriage gift.C. Just keep it for later use.D. Exchange it for something useful.15. A. Because he hopes to have as many as three children.B. Because he has to make a fortune for his wife’s family.C. Because he has no other gifts to exchange at marriage.D. Because it is a necessary part at a marriage ceremony.16. A. What the importance of bride service is.B. How marriage customs vary in different cultures.C. What a wedding ceremony is like in the USA.D. How we express good wishes to new couples.Q uestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. French food was the healthiest food in the world.B. French food was supposed to be the best in the world.C. French food was no better than British food.D. French food was delicious.18. A. By car. B. By coach. C. By train. D. By ship.19. A. Uncooked bacon (培根) and eggs. B. Fish and chips.C. A big French breakfast.D. Delicious English breakfast.20. A. The man’s parents are both teachers. B. The man is from Britain.C. The man has been to France many times.D. The man likes French food very much.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Shop Where It’s OK to Be DifferentWhen Angela Makey knew her autistic(患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs (21) _________ are necessary for running a business?At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs fo r him. The family (22) _________ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities.So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics (23) _________ (bear).Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV (24) _________ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder (25) _________ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life.In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, (26) _________ (introduce) customers to new comics.The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic (27) _________ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at (28) _________ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy.Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, (29) _________ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop.Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons (30) _________ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlybe used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.New E-Commerce Law Takes EffectChina’s new e-commerce law, which was passed last August, took effect on January 1. The law comes amid the rapid development of China into the world’s largest e-commerce market.The law aims to regulate the market and create a sound (31) _________ environment. It covers the requirement for registration and licensing of e-commerce operators, taxation, electronic payment, etc. It also (32) _________ other important aspects of e-commerce, including false advertising, consumer protection, data protection, intellectual property and cybersecurity.The new law will apply to three types of operators. These include e-commerce (33) _________ operators like Taobao, third-party merchants who sell goods and services on e-commerce platforms, and online vendors (供应商) who do business via other network (34) _________, such as social media sites. It means that merchants who sell goods through non-traditional e-commerce platforms, such as WeChat, will fall under the new law. These sellers will now need to finish their business registration and pay (35) _________ taxes.The law will make all e-commerce platform operators (36) _________ responsible with the merchants for selling any fake or knock-off goods on their websites. Before the law took effect, individual merchants were solely responsible when caught selling liable (负有偿付责任的) goods.The implementation of the law may bring (37) ________ on online retail (零售) companies and merchants selling goods through social media sites. Many private shopping agents (known as daigou) are considering whether to continue the service under the new policy since it will increase the management cost and lead to a rise in the product price.But the new law does not aim to (38) _________ small to medium sized online retailer. Instead, it helps lay the legal foundation for the growth of the e-commerce business industry, (39) _________ order in the market and further promotes its growth.Besides, the law will help clean up China’s reputation as a (40) _________ source of fake or knock-off goods. In the long term, consumers will benefit from it.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Saving Wildlife Benefits HumansIt’s no secret that we’ve lost an overwhelming number of species within that la st four decades. These species have all but __41__ due to overpopulation, deforestation, consumer culture, climate change, animal exploitation, and other harming sources — all brought about by mankind.One of the first great rules of terrestrial (陆地的) biology is “no species is forever.” __42__, this rapid loss of species today is estimated to be between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural extinction rate. As increasingly accepted theories have argued, we are now in the midst of the sixth great __43__.The Earth consists of plants, animals, water, land, the atmosphere, and humans. Biodiversity (生物多样性) __44__ the health of the planet and has a great impact on all our lives. Reduced biodiversity means a future where food supplies are vulnerable (易受攻击的) to pests and disease, and fresh water is in short supply. If biodiversity __45__ impacts our lives in such big ways, then our conservation (环保) efforts don’t just benefit the environment, they benefit us, too.One convincing benefit that comes from wildlife conservation efforts is that it ensures food __46__. Wildlife conservation promotes agricultural biodiversity, which plays an important role in building a secure and healthy food system. When agricultural biodiversity is __47__ and land is cleared for agriculture, extensive habitat loss takes place, as well as undocumented loss of species and massive soil erosion (侵蚀).Another benefit that comes from wildlife conservation is that these __48__ protect human health. Conservation International reports that “more than 50 percent of modern me dicines and more than 90 percent of traditional medicines come from wild plants and animals.” __49__, a world that promotes healthy ecosystems and biodiversity provides crucial buffers (缓冲) between disease and humans. A number of studies have __50__ reduced diversity among mammal (哺乳动物) species and overall decreases in biodiversity to an increase in the transmission(传播) of animal-born diseases to humans.Perhaps the most convincing benefit that comes from wildlife conservation is that it provides us with __51__, whether it be economically or socially. Increasing biodiversity and healthy ecosystems improve agricultural productivity, thereby allowing farms to become more __52__. Healthy ecosystems that are home to unique species __53__ tourists from around the world, which helps the local economy and invites in a new fusion of investment.Our unsustainable, unconscious, self-interested relationship with the environment has led us into an extremely destructible world. If we do not take action and __54__ changing our ways, we are at risk of losing more vital and __55__ ecosystems and biodiversity, or at least until the sixth great extinction claims one final species: our own.41. A. changed B. existed C. disappeared D. evolved42. A. Furthermore B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise43. A. extinction B. destruction C. evolution D. immigration44. A. threatens B. localizes C. strengthens D. endangers45. A. infrequently B. potentially C. regionally D. directly46. A. management B. inspection C. development D. security47. A. identified B. cultivated C. exploited D. valued48. A. initiatives B. consequences C. intentions D. contributions49. A. In addition B. After all C. In particular D. By contrast50. A. adapted B. turned C. adjusted D. linked51. A. protections B. opportunities C. services D. nutrients52. A. standard B. welcome C. scarce D. profitable53. A. discourage B. attract C. forbid D. protect54. A. feel like B. keep on C. set about D. argue for55. A. irreplaceable B. unpredictable C. unlimited D. imbalancedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Tea, the most typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (一千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the drink first appeared in England. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, reaching the Continent by the way of Venice around 1560, with regular shipments by 1610.Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at £6 to £10 per pound, touting (兜售) its virtues at “making the body active and lusty (健壮的)”, and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age”.Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain’s lower classes.A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached a ridiculous 119 percent. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry —tea smuggling(走私). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so manysmugglers began to adulterate (掺假) the tea with other substances, such as willow and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in severe punishment for the practice.56. According to the passage, tea drinking ____________.A. is the favorite pastime of the DutchB. is an important British traditionC. was well-received by the Portuguese centuries agoD. could be found everywhere in the world in 156057. Who might be annoyed by the popularity of the tea?A. Coffee house owners.B. Wine sellers.C. Britain’s lower classes.D. Smugglers.58. Which of the following statements about tea smuggling is TRUE?A. Churches provided convenience for smuggling.B. Fishermen and farmers contributed a lot to tea industry.C. Underground passages and boats were ideal hiding places for tea.D. The government encouraged tea smuggling for taxes on tea.59. How was the order of the tea market finally restored in Britain?A. By passing an act related to a tax rise.B. By imposing mild punishment.C. By punishing those who sold fake tea.D. By mixing redried used leaves with fresh tea leaves.(B)These are pages pasted on a college bulletin board. It lists part-time job vacancies on campus this semester.60. If you get the position as a secretary, you ____________.A. have to assist in English cornerB. have a tight schedule during the weekC. have the chance to be an exchange student in foreign universities anytime duringuniversityD. must be a native English speaker who can speak fluent Chinese61.Why are there so many job vacancies in Technology Support Department?A. Because the interview is challenging.B. Because applicants have to fill in complicated forms.C. Because applicants have to work irregular hours.D. Because the Advanced Computer Test certificate is too difficult to obtain.62.Which of the following statements is correct according to the advertisements?A. The advertisements can be found on the school website.B. Call for further information of math teaching assistants before September 15th.C. More job vacancies in the Mathematics Department will be available in December.D. The International Exchange Department needs a communicative and responsible secretary.(C)China has long been tipped to be the next Silicon Valley, but now the finances and support are in place to make it happen.There is a growing consensus (共识) that while Silicon V alley is not about to disappear anytime soon, its next biggest rival is already on the verge of bursting onto the international scene — not in the US, nor in the EU, but in Asia. More specifically, China.This is not just an observation based on the rise of companies like Alibaba, Baidu and Tencent. It is grounded in a more widespread move to fund start-ups in Asia to the point where more money is being invested there than in Europe. Just five years ago, Europe and Asia are neck and neck in terms of investment.In 2013, Europe made slightly more deals, 1550 compared to Asia’s 1071, but the total value of investment was $7bn. Just five years later, Asia is now four times the size of Europe with twice as many deals carried out.Between 2013 to 2018, the number of deals in Asia increased nearly fivefold, and their value leapt to $81bn, compared to the $21bn raised in Europe. The Asian figure also shows that the continent is closing the gap on the US which saw $105bn worth of deals.One of the main reasons that makes the country so attractive is not just the huge growth in investment and high education standards, but also local and national governmental support benefiting tech companies.In fact, one of the conclusions of a recent Fortune tech conference was that China’s tech companies will soon be beating American companies on their home turf. One of the reasons is that investors believe US immigration policy is making it more difficult for the best talent around the world to find work there. Plus, Chinese companies are now able to start paying salaries that can keep pace with those on offer in Silicon Valley.Hence, when Ian Roger, Chief Digital Official at luxury group LVMH was asked where he thought the next Facebook or Google would come from, he suggested it would be a close call between Silicon Valley and China. The latter had the investment that is needed as well as a hard work culture of a six-day week. It also has a superb education system and a huge population.As Silicon Valley appears to be heating up a little too hard for some people, China would appear to be warming up at just the right pace.63.What does the expression “on the verge of ” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.on the way ofB. on the list ofC. on the condition ofD. on the point of64.Which of the following is NOT a reason why China attracts foreign investment in techcompanies?A. High education standards.B. Huge growth in investment.C. Support from the government.D. Higher salaries than those in Silicon Valley.65. It can’t be inferred from the passage that ____________.A. the US immigration policy is strict but talent-friendlyB. Ian Roger believes the next Google might come from ChinaC. employees of Baidu might be accustomed to overworkD. Chinese tech companies can provide highly competitive salaries now.66. What is the passage mainly about?A. The total value of investment in Asia is four times that in Europe.B. Finances, high education standards and support make it possible for China to become thenext Silicon Valley.C. Asia attracts worldwide best talents to tech companies.D. American tech companies will soon be beaten by those in China.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What Your “Age” Says About YouImagine, for a moment, that you had no birth certificate and your age was simply based on the way you feel inside. How old would you say you are?Like your height or shoe size, the number of years that have passed since you first entered the world is an unchangeable fact. (67)____________________Scientists are increasingly interested in this quality. They are finding that our “subjective age” may be essential for understanding the reasons why some people appear to be energeti c asthey grow old — while others fade.(68)____________________ It is now well accepted that people tend to mature as they get older, becoming less extroverted (外向的) and less open to new experiences. These personality changes are often considered more obvious in the people with older subjective ages.However, those who feel younger than they really are also become more reliable and less neurotic(神经质的) as they gain the wisdom that comes with greater life experience. But it doesn’t come at the cost of the energy and vigor of youth. It’s not true that having a lower subjective age leaves us frozen in a state of permanent immaturity.Feeling younger than your years also seems to come with a lower risk of depression and greater mental wellbeing as we age. (69)____________________ Most people felt about eight years younger than their actual chronological age(实际年龄). But some felt they had aged —and the consequences were serious. Feeling between 8 and 13 years older than your actual age resulted in an 18-25% greater risk of death over the study periods, and greater disease burden —even when you control for other demographic (人口学的) factors such as education, race or marital status.(70)____________________ However old you really are, it’s worth questioning whether any of those limitations are coming from the within.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When Everything Gets SmartIt still feels magical to light up your living room by saying “Alexa, turn on the lights.” Tech companies are adding internet connections to just about everything you can imagine. Cars, door locks, toasters, refrigerators, toothbrushes, motorcycle helmets. More and more technology powers are taking part in this trend —known by “the internet of things.”There is no denying that smart technology will lead to conveniences. You can use voice commands to turn on the lights, coffee maker and music. You can get reminders from your toothbrush to brush and tips on how best to do it. Thanks to the internet of things, you could live like the Beast in the Disney movie, with animated objects around taking care of your every need. That’s the appeal of smart homes for most people, and why they are supposed to be a $27 billion market by 2021.However, the facts are not always so rosy. The smart objects in your home can be a source of annoyance. Usually people have to download dozens of different apps to a smartphone to control everything, which means creating an account for each one of those apps. The fantasy of the smart home is that it will save us time and effort. But the trouble involved in getting various devices from different companies to work together means that many things may take longer to do.Worse still, there may be security risks. Smart home systems are part of a larger suite (套)devices, apps, websites and spaces that collect and analyze personal data about users. To get the full benefits of smart home systems, users must share their locations, routines, tastes in music, shopping history and so forth. It might manage your digital life quite well. On the other hand, however, providing so much personal information benefits companies like Amazon. As they gain access to users’ personal information, they may capitalize on(获利) it in the form of targeted advertisements. Perhaps that’s why Wired magazine says, “Amazon’s next big business is selling you.”Smartened everything comes with broader security concerns. Unsecured devices connected to the “internet of things” can be targets for hackers. Access to smart devices might provide h ackers a well-spring of useful data, including information about when users are home — or not.Considering the disadvantages, why not slow down a bit as we head toward an uncertain future?V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 你没必要凡事亲力亲为。
E-commerce+English+Dialogue
Product returns
Explaining the return policy, process, and timeline for returning products.
Product exchange
Discussing the process for exchanging products for different sizes, colors, or models.
Customer support assistance
Assisting customers with any issues or concerns they may have post-purchase.
Feedback and complaints
Collecting customer feedback and addressing any complaints or issues.
01
02
当用户在网站上选择商品并添加到购物车时,他们可以随时查看购物车中的商品,并决定是否继续购买或修改购物车中的商品。
购物车是电子商务网站中用于存储用户选择购买的商品的工具。
结账是电子商务交易中用户完成购买并支付商品费用的过程。
在结账过程中,用户需要提供配送地址、支付方式和配送方式等必要信息。网站通常会提供多种支付方式供用户选择,如信用卡、支付宝、微信支付等。
Order confirmation
Verifying the order details and providing order confirmation.
Cancellation policy
Explaining the order cancellation policy and process.
Electronic Commerce Security
Electronic Commerce SecurityLet’s talk about the Electronic Commerce Security,first of all ,let’s see a case.CASEA Trojan horse is a program hidden inside another program or Web page that masks its true purpose. The Trojan horse could snoop around your computer and send information that is private to a cooperating Web server—a secrecy violation. Worse yet, the program could alter or erase information on a client computer—an integrity violation.Protecting Your PrivacyThe collection of marketing information about visitors to a Web site is called Web profiling. Web profiling reveals important information about Web consumer shopping trends and consumer needs. Because there is no standard for Web profiling, a group of companies is working together to create a unifying standard called Customer Profile Exchange (CPEX).Protecting Intellectual Propertynew technology to protect digital worksSoftware meteringSoftware metering tracks the number of times someone uses a digital item.Digital watermarkA digital watermark is a pattern of bits inserted into a digital image, audio, or video filethat identifies the file’s copyright information.Digital envelopeA digital envelope is a type of security that uses two layers of encryption to protect amessage.Providing Secrecy with EncryptionThere are two kinds of encryption method,Symmetric Encryption and Asymmetric Encryption.. This is their encryption process.Using Digital Signature and CertificatesProtecting Data Using a Digital SignatureA digital signature is the electronic equivalent of a personal signature that cannot beforged. A user creates a digital signature by encrypting any phrase, such as I like green vegetables, with a private (and thus secret) key.Protecting Data Using a Digital CertificateA digital certificate, also known as a digital ID, is an electronic signature that verifiesthe identity of a user or Web site. A certification authority (CA) issues a digital certificate to an organization or individual. The CA requires entities applying for digital certificates to supply an appropriate proof of identitySecure Protocols: SSL and S-HTTPWeb browsers and Web servers automatically and invisibly handle all the work of encryption and digital signature exchanges when required. The main secure protocols that provide automatic encryption between browsers and Web sites are Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and, to a lesser degree, Secure HTTP (S-HTTP) protocols.Providing Integrity and Guaranteeing Delivery。
论电子商务的安全问题及其安全对策
论电子商务的安全问题及其安全对策电子商务是一把双刃剑————论电子商务的安全问题及其安全对策摘要:随着知识经济的发展和计算机和网络技术的全球渗透,,“电子商务”无疑是当21世纪最大的热门话题,它通过电子方式处理和传递文本、声音和图像等数据,并涉及许多方面的活动,如货物电子贸易和服务、在线数据传递、电子资金划拔、电子证券交易、电子货运单证、商业拍卖、合作设计和工程、在线资料、公共产品获得等内容。
电子商务以其高效、简捷、成本低的优势,活跃在经济生活的各个领域,它强大的实用价值及其网络的无国界渗透功能,向全球贸易、经济、科技、政治、法律各界提出无法回避的挑战。
更且,许多发达国家均把推进电子商务作为增强国家竞争力、赢得全球资源配置优势的战略举措。
电子商务作为计算机应用技术与现代经济贸易活动结合的产物,已经成为人类跨入知识经济新纪元的重要标志之一。
然而,电子商务的产值在全球生产总值中却只占极小的一部分,究其原因,关键在于其安全问题,随着网络的普及和科技的发展,我们所说的安全问题也日益凸出和激化,可以说电子商务安全问题严重影响和制约着其发展。
因此电子商务要想有深远的发展也必须下一番苦功。
本文有鉴于此,着重论述电子商务的安全问题,及其解决对策,以望为过分依赖电子商务却忽视其安全性的企业与个人起到警醒作用,并助力于电子商务的安全问题的解决,推进其发展进程。
关键词:电子商务安全问题安全策略互联网防火墙双刃剑认证管理SUMMARY\that the knowledge economy developing at top speed, it active in all areas of economic life because of its obvious advantages of efficiency, form and costs, and thanks to its great practical value and the network functions that permeate widely without borders, the global mercantile, economic, technological, political and legal community cannot avoid the challenges. Moreover, a large number of developed nations has applied the electronic commerce to enhance national competitiveness and occupy theglobal resources. As the mixed blood of the computer application technology and the modern economic and trade activities, the e-commerce has became one of the most important signs of new era of human knowledge. However, The output value of e-commerce in the global GDP is only a very small part, why? The key lies in security issues which become more and more keen that seriously affect and restrict the development of E-commerce, in view of this, the thesis focuses on e-commerce security issues and its solutions, hoping to warn and help them who are taking up with e-commerce. Keyword:e-commerce、 security issues、 security strategy、 Internet、firewall、 double-edged sword、 certification、 management.正文:电子商务面临的安全问题作为数字经济或网络经济的“发动机”,面向21世纪的电子商务是一个全新的、具有时代挑战性的领域,已成为当前各界研究、开发和应用的热点,也是计算机工程与应用领域最重要的发展方向之一,正在世界范围内迅速发展。
07-E-commerce Security Technology
Authentication's Purposes
to identify the sender to verify the information integrity
EC E-commerce Security Technology
15
e.g. Key=GUANGDONGGDCCHUMEIYAN
plain cipher a G b U c A d N e D f O g C h H i M j E k I l Y m B
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cipher
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P=internet
C=MFRDPFDR
Firewalls SSL S-HTTP
List
End
Encryption Technology
Basic Concept
Encryption is the coding of information by using a mathematically based program and a secret key to encode and produce a string of characters that is unintelligible.
EC E-commerce Security Technology
List
电子商务中第三方支付的安全隐患(英文)
班级:国贸1302 姓名:汪珺学号:1306010223Security issues and Countermeasures of the third party payment platform in the electricity suppliersWith the development of the Internet, e-commerce came into being, many online trading companies similar to “TaoBao” continue to grow, becoming more and more common. Consumers buy something through the network, use of online payment, to pay cash or transfer of funds,which is the electronic payment, an important part of the e-commerce.I n the meantime,electronic payment often requires the third party payment platform to assist, just as what we often use, the Alipay. So how to ensure the safety of the third party payment platform has become the key issue we need to focus on .A.The third party payment security risks1.Technical risks caused by the incomplete security technologyComputer technology risk is mainly refers to that the Hacker using the computer virus, Trojan horse program, phishing sites and some other computer programs to attack personal and website system, so as to obtain the user's payment account and password and other sensitive personal information.At present, in order to security, the third party payment service providers generally take a lot of measures, such as the use of different trading passwords and login password, installation of security plug-ins, and verification code, but the illegal and criminal cases through the third party payment account still occur.On the one hand, criminals through phishing sites or implanted Trojan to steal sensitive personal information that users input in the payment link , and then transfer money from the card . On the other hand, the third party payment platform requires the users' real name authentication,do a large collection of user identity information, but fail to protect the users' information security, which is easy to cause the users' information leakage. Because of the convenience of electronic payment, the leakage of personal information will cause great loss to users. Technology risk has become the most direct threat to the security of electronic payment.2.Financial risks caused by the retention of money in the third party payment institutionsThe use of the third party payment platform for electronic transactions can be divided into several stages: first is the buyer to buy goods, and then use online banking or other ways to pay, payment is temporary exist in the third party payment platform, the seller to confirm the purchase of information after delivery, the goods flow to the buyer, the final confirmation of receipt, payment will be paid by the third party payment platform. There is a problem in this process, which is the problem of capital retention in the third party payment platform .Because buyers and sellers have no way to interfere the existence of the third party payment platform, it is entirely possible if the third party payment platform use funds for investment orother activities, which has brought a threat in the security of electronic payment . The third party payment platform is also an enterprise, the enterprise will have a variety of internal problems, how to solve these problems, to protect the security of these temporary funds, is a big issues to consider.On the current situation of the financial management, the third party payment agencies can use this part of the funds for other investments, which exists the big financial security risks. In addition, if the third party payment companies resulting in bankruptcy because of the poor management, how the customer's money to be compensated is also an unavoidable problem.3.Risks caused by illegal behavior such as fraud,money launderingDue to the third party payment agencies lack of the strict audit on the source of funds, the transaction purposes and the authenticity of the transaction object ,which is very easy to give criminals an opportunity to exploit。
网络支付的安全措施英语作文
网络支付的安全措施英语作文Online Payment Security MeasuresThe rapid growth of e-commerce and the increasing reliance on digital transactions have made online payment a ubiquitous aspect of modern life. As the convenience and accessibility of digital payments continue to expand, it has become crucial to ensure the security and integrity of these transactions. This essay will explore the various security measures employed to safeguard online payment systems, highlighting the importance of maintaining a secure financial landscape in the digital age.One of the primary security measures in online payment systems is the use of encryption technology. Encryption is the process of transforming sensitive information, such as credit card numbers and personal data, into a coded format that can only be accessed by authorized parties. This process ensures that even if the data is intercepted by unauthorized individuals, it remains unreadable and unusable. Advanced encryption protocols, such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), are widely used to protect the transmission of payment information between the user's device and the payment processing servers.Another critical security measure is the implementation of strong authentication mechanisms. Traditional password-based authentication has become increasingly vulnerable to various cyber threats, such as phishing attacks and password cracking. To address this, many online payment systems have adopted more robust authentication methods, such as two-factor authentication (2FA) or multi-factor authentication (MFA). These techniques require users to provide additional forms of verification, such as a one-time code sent to their registered mobile device or biometric data like fingerprints or facial recognition, in addition to their login credentials. By adding these extra layers of security, online payment platforms can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access and fraudulent activities.In addition to encryption and authentication, online payment systems often employ advanced fraud detection and prevention mechanisms. These systems utilize sophisticated algorithms and machine learning techniques to analyze transaction patterns, user behavior, and other contextual information in real-time. By identifying anomalies or suspicious activities, these systems can quickly detect and flag potential fraudulent transactions, allowing the payment platform to take appropriate action, such as blocking the transaction or alerting the user.Furthermore, online payment providers have implemented robust security measures to protect the integrity of their payment infrastructure. This includes regularly updating and patching software systems to address known vulnerabilities, maintaining secure data centers with strict physical and digital access controls, and implementing comprehensive incident response and disaster recovery plans to ensure the continuity of service in the event of a security breach or system failure.One of the emerging trends in online payment security is the adoption of biometric authentication. Biometric technologies, such as fingerprint scanning, facial recognition, and iris scanning, offer a highly secure and convenient way for users to authenticate their identity. These methods are based on unique physiological characteristics that are difficult to replicate, providing a strong deterrent against fraud and unauthorized access.Another noteworthy security measure is the use of tokenization. Tokenization involves replacing sensitive payment data, such as credit card numbers, with a unique identifier or "token" that can be used in place of the original data. This process helps to minimize the exposure of sensitive information, as the token does not contain any actual payment details. Tokenization is particularly beneficial in scenarios where payment information needs to be stored or shared across multiple systems, as it reduces the risk of data breaches andensures the confidentiality of the user's financial information.In addition to the technical security measures, online payment providers also emphasize the importance of user education and awareness. By providing clear and comprehensive information about online payment security best practices, such as the importance of using strong and unique passwords, being cautious of phishing attempts, and regularly monitoring account activity, payment platforms can empower users to take an active role in protecting their financial information.Furthermore, many online payment systems offer additional security features, such as transaction limits, real-time alerts, and the ability to temporarily freeze or lock accounts in case of suspected fraudulent activity. These features provide users with a greater sense of control and security over their financial transactions, allowing them to quickly respond to any potential issues.In conclusion, the security of online payment systems is a crucial aspect of the digital economy. The implementation of robust encryption, strong authentication, fraud detection, and other advanced security measures is essential to maintaining the trust and confidence of users in digital financial transactions. As technology continues to evolve, online payment providers must remain vigilant and proactive in their efforts to protect against emerging threats andensure the safety and integrity of the payment ecosystem. By prioritizing security and empowering users with the knowledge and tools to safeguard their financial information, online payment platforms can contribute to the development of a secure and thriving digital financial landscape.。
预防网购被骗 英语作文
预防网购被骗英语作文Preventing Scams When Shopping Online.The rise of e-commerce has brought unprecedented convenience to consumers, allowing us to buy almost anything from anywhere in the world with just a few clicks. However, this convenience also comes with its own set of challenges, particularly the risk of falling victim to online scams. In this article, we will explore some practical tips to help you stay safe and avoid getting cheated while shopping online.1. Verify the Website's Authenticity.Before making any purchases, it is crucial to ensure that the website you are dealing with is legitimate. Check for the website's security certificate, usually displayed as a padlock icon in the browser's address bar. This indicates that the website uses encryption to protect your personal information. Additionally, read online reviews andratings to get insights from other customers' experiences.2. Use Secure Payment Methods.Never make payments using unsecured methods such as wire transfers or sending cash through the mail. Stick to payment gateways like PayPal or credit card payments, which offer buyer protection and fraud prevention measures. These payment methods allow you to dispute transactions if something goes wrong.3. Be Vigilant About Phishing Scams.Phishing emails are a common tactic used by scammers to obtain personal information. These emails often look legitimate, claiming to be from a well-known brand or service you use. They may ask you to click a link or provide sensitive information such as passwords or credit card details. Always be suspicious of such emails and do not click any links or attachments unless you are sure they are safe. It's best to manually navigate to the website and log in to check if there are any issues with your account.4. Double-Check the Returns Policy.Before making a purchase, familiarize yourself with the website's returns policy. Understand what their refund or exchange process is in case you receive a faulty product or if you're not satisfied with your purchase. Some scammy websites may have vague or non-existent returns policies to discourage customers from seeking refunds.5. Read the Fine Print.It's essential to read the terms and conditions of any online transaction. This includes the product description, shipping costs, warranty information, and any other relevant details. Be wary of any hidden costs or unexpected terms that could lead to additional expenses.6. Be Cautious of Too-Good-to-Be-True Deals.If a deal looks too good to be true, it probably is. Scammers often use attractive offers to lure unsuspectingcustomers into making purchases. Before jumping on a deal, do some research to compare prices and ensure that theoffer is legitimate. Check if the seller has a good reputation and if the product is available at similar prices from other sources.7. Use Reputable Platforms.When shopping online, stick to well-known and reputed e-commerce platforms. These platforms usually have strict seller verification processes, buyer protection policies, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Buying from verified sellers or using platforms with buyer protection offers added security.8. Keep Your Devices Secure.Ensure that your devices, including computers, smartphones, and tablets, are protected with strong antivirus software and firewalls. Regularly update your devices and software to patch any security vulnerabilities. Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks for sensitivetransactions, as they may not be secure.9. Stay Alert for Social Engineering Attacks.Social engineering is a technique used by scammers to manipulate people into divulging sensitive information. Be cautious of strangers who contact you through social media or email claiming to be from a company you've dealt with. Do not provide personal details or financial information unless you are sure of the person's authenticity.10. Report Scams Promptly.If you become a victim of an online scam, do not hesitate to report it. Contact the website or platform you were dealing with and report the incident. Also, file a complaint with your local law enforcement agency or consumer protection organization. Sharing your experience can help others avoid similar scams and may lead to the investigation and prosecution of the scammers.In conclusion, shopping online can be a convenient andenjoyable experience, but it also comes with its risks. By following these tips, you can reduce the chances of falling victim to scams and enjoy a safe and secure online shopping experience. Always remember to stay vigilant, do your research, and trust your instincts.。
电子商务的介绍(英语)
E-commerce often offers lower prices and discounts compared to traditional stores, as it reduces the costs of operating physical stores.
Personalization
01
The definition and types of e-commerce
E-commerce, also known as electronic commerce or online commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services through electronic means. It involves the use of various technologies, such as the internet, mobile devices, and e-payment systems, to facilitate transactions between businesses, consumers, and other organizations.
Transactions between businesses, such as wholesale distribution or supply chain management.
B2C (Busine…
Transactions between businesses and individual consumers. This is the most common type of e-commerce, seen in online retail stores and marketplaces.
电子商务专业的英语自我介绍
电子商务专业的英语自我介绍In the realm of electronic commerce, the fusion of technology, business acumen, and innovation is not just a career path but a journey of continuous learning and adaptation. My journey began with a fascination for the digital marketplace, where transactions are not merely exchanges of currency but the culmination of user experience, strategy, and technology.My academic background in electronic commerce is built upon a foundation of business studies, enriched with specialized courses in digital marketing, web analytics, and consumer behavior. This multidisciplinary approach has equipped me with a holistic understanding of the e-commerce ecosystem, where I learned to analyze market trends, understand consumer needs, and leverage technology to meet business objectives.During my studies, I engaged in various projects that allowed me to put theory into practice. One such project involved developing an online storefront for a local artisan community. This endeavor not only honed my technical skills in website development and management but also deepened my appreciation for the nuances of online customer engagement and the importance of creating a seamless shopping experience.Internships played a pivotal role in my professional development, providing me with real-world exposure to the challenges and opportunities within the e-commerce sector. At a leading online retailer, I was part of a team that worked on optimizing the site's search engine performance, which was a critical factor in enhancing product visibility and driving sales. The experience taught me the significance of data-driven decision-making and the power of analytics in crafting effective marketing strategies.The dynamic nature of e-commerce means that one must be an avid learner, always on the lookout for emerging trends and technologies. To this end, I have continued to expand my knowledge through online courses and certifications, focusing on areas such as artificial intelligence in e-commerce, blockchain technology, and cybersecurity. These skills are not just add-ons but essential tools that empower me to contribute to the industry's growth and resilience.Collaboration is at the heart of my professional ethos. I believe that the best solutions emerge from the confluence of diverse perspectives and expertise. Working on cross-functional teams, I have learned the value of communication, mutual respect, and the synergy that arises when individuals unite towards a common goal.Looking ahead, I am excited about the potential of e-commerce to revolutionize not just how we buy and sell but also how we connect and create value in a globalized world. My ambition is to be at the forefront of this transformation, driving innovation, fostering sustainable practices, and shaping the future of commerce.In conclusion, my journey in the field of electronic commerce is an ongoing narrative of growth, challenge, and discovery. It is a path I have chosen with passion and commitment, and one that I traverse with an open mind and a willingness to embrace the ever-evolving landscape of the digital economy. As I continue to forge my path, I am eager to connect with like-minded professionals, learn from their experiences, and contribute my own insights to the vibrant tapestry of e-commerce. 。
unit10 E-Commerce Security
Notes
为了保证信息在网络输送的过程当中的隐秘性, 数据被编码成另外一种语言,通常是某种数字格 式,在接受者一端才被解码。
Notes
3.Encryption software uses pieces of additional software known as keys to ensure that only the creators and recipients of information are able to access it. 编码软件使用叫作密匙的附加软件,来保证只有 信息的发出者和接受者才能获得信息。
There are many threats on the Internet to E-commerce business.It requires new technologies and systems to provide a secure transaction environment.
Text
How to Assure E-Commerce Security
Basic security issues mainly includes:authentication (the process by which one entity verifies that another entity is who he,she,or it to be), authorization(the process ensures that a person has the right to access certain resources)and auditing(the process of collecting information about attempts to access particular resources,use particular privileges,or perform other security actions).
战略分析工具 e-commerce
60% 40%
Business to
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Unique Visitors
Page Views
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e-commerce12
Web business models can be sorted according to the benefit they are delivering the user.
Industry Value Chain
Business participation occurs in five distinct
market segments.
Internet
Infrastructure
• Hardware/transmission equipment • Backbone transport
e-commerce11
Segment Comparison
Internet traffic drives the perception that E-Commerce is a consumer phenomenon, but the larger revenue opportunities lie in business to business commerce.
Business participation occurs in five distinct
market segments.
Internet
Infrastructure
Industry Value Chain
电商崛起英语作文
电商崛起英语作文Title: The Rise of E-commerce。
In recent years, the global landscape of commerce has undergone a significant transformation with the emergence and rapid expansion of e-commerce. This paradigm shift has not only revolutionized the way businesses operate but has also profoundly impacted consumer behavior and societal norms. In this essay, we delve into the various facets of the rise of e-commerce, examining its implications and exploring the factors driving its growth.First and foremost, the convenience offered by e-commerce platforms has been a driving force behind their widespread adoption. With just a few clicks or taps, consumers can browse an extensive array of products, compare prices, read reviews, and make purchases, all from the comfort of their homes or on the go. This unparalleled convenience has effectively blurred the boundaries of time and space, enabling individuals to shop anytime, anywhere,thus eliminating the constraints imposed by traditional brick-and-mortar stores.Moreover, the ubiquity of smartphones and the internet has played a pivotal role in fueling the growth of e-commerce. As mobile technology continues to advance and internet connectivity becomes more accessible, an increasing number of people are gaining access to e-commerce platforms. This trend is particularly pronounced in developing countries, where smartphone penetration is rapidly expanding, opening up new markets and opportunities for online retailers.Another key factor driving the rise of e-commerce is the sheer diversity and abundance of products available online. Unlike physical stores limited by shelf space, e-commerce platforms can offer an unparalleled selection of goods, ranging from everyday essentials to niche products catering to specific interests and preferences. This vast assortment not only caters to the diverse needs of consumers but also fosters competition, driving innovation and quality improvements across industries.Furthermore, the advent of digital payment systems has greatly facilitated transactions in the e-commerce ecosystem. Secure and convenient payment methods such as credit/debit cards, mobile wallets, and digital currencies have instilled confidence in online shoppers, alleviating concerns about security and fraud. Additionally, the integration of advanced encryption technologies has bolstered the security of e-commerce platforms, further enhancing trust and reliability among consumers.The COVID-19 pandemic has served as a catalyst for the accelerated growth of e-commerce, as lockdowns and social distancing measures prompted consumers to shift towards online shopping in unprecedented numbers. With physical stores temporarily shuttered and movement restrictions in place, e-commerce emerged as a lifeline for businesses seeking to sustain operations and reach customers amidst the crisis. This surge in online shopping during the pandemic not only underscored the resilience of e-commerce but also highlighted its indispensable role in the modern economy.However, the rise of e-commerce is not without its challenges and implications. One notable concern is the impact on traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, many of whom have struggled to compete with the convenience and efficiency of online counterparts. As e-commerce continues to gain prominence, there is a growing need to address the socioeconomic implications of job displacement and the erosion of local communities that rely on traditional retail for employment and economic activity.Moreover, the exponential growth of e-commerce has raised concerns about data privacy and cybersecurity. With vast amounts of personal and financial information being exchanged online, the risk of data breaches and identity theft has become a pressing issue. As such, policymakers and industry stakeholders must collaborate to implement robust regulatory frameworks and cybersecurity measures to safeguard consumer data and maintain trust in the e-commerce ecosystem.In conclusion, the rise of e-commerce represents aprofound shift in the way business is conducted and goods are exchanged in the modern world. Driven by technological advancements, changing consumer preferences, and external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, e-commerce has become an integral component of the global economy. While its growth presents myriad opportunities for businesses and consumers alike, it also poses challenges that must be addressed to ensure a sustainable and inclusive digital future. As we navigate this dynamic landscape, it is imperative to harness the potential of e-commerce responsibly, balancing innovation with ethics and ensuring that the benefits are shared equitably across society.。
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Security Analysis of E-commerce means ofpayment[Abstract] electronic means of payment is the core part of e-commerce is the key to its success, this article focuses on several different e-commerce payment metho ds, and a variety of payment of the security is analyzed.[Keywords:] means of payment, secure e-commerceI. IntroductionThe trend of globalization of e-commerce, e-commerce transactions, the credit c risis hit quietly, false trading, counterfeiting, contract fraud, violations of the legitimat e rights and interests of consumers and other illegal activities often occur, these ph enomena to a large extent has hampered China's global e-commerce e-commerce as well as rapid and healthy development. The main factors limit the Development of e-commerce is the means of electronic payment security.2, the main means of electronic payment and Its Security Analysis1. E-Card(1) payment: credit card payment is the most commonly used electronic paymen t instrument is in the Internet environment through a standard SET protocol for Inte rnet payments, users on the Internet to send credit card numbers and passwords, encrypted and sent to the bank to make payment. Payment process to conduct a user, merchants and payment requirements of legality verification.(2) Security Policy: electronic credit card, enter the Internet through the user ac count / password digital signatures, this Information through the payment of SET or SSL protocol gateway platform associated directly with the bank to pay the securit y of information interaction, the network payment, the security of this payment can be guaranteed.(3) security risk: a simple, technically speaking, no security risk issues.2. E-Check(1) payment method: E-check is the use of digital means of online payment, pa yment process and payment procedure is similar to the traditional checks, but elect ronic check completely and set aside the paper medium in the form of its check tr ansmitted through the Internet and use digital signature instead of the traditional signature methods. The transaction process is as follows:(2) security strategy: and electronic credit card the same as using account / pa ssword the way digital signatures for authentication. The payment of the current ge neral through a dedicated network, equipment, software and a complete set of user identification, the standard packet, data verification completed standardized data tra nsfer protocols, so as to control security, from the above transaction process, we c an see, the electronic check payment system, there is a dedicated and reliable sec urity measures.(3) security risks: private network on the application of a sophisticated model (s uch as SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Communication, Society f or Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) system); public networks on t he point of being still in the experimental transfer of funds.3. E-Cash(1) Payment: electronic cash is a kind of digital form of cash money, it is not t he same as with credit cards, credit card itself is not money, is only a transfer me ans, electronic cash is itself a kind of currency, is a kind of data exists in the form of cash money. It is the cash value converted into a series of encrypted serial nu mber, the number of these sequences to represent the real value of various amou nts. Can be directly used for shopping. E-cash has the following characteristics: an onymous; savings in transaction costs; payment flexibility; secure storage.(2) Security Policy: No suitable authentication mechanism is anonymous, in orde r to prevent forgery, electronic cash transfer is digitally signed.(3) security risk: tax evasion: As electronic cash can achieve cross-border tran sactions, tax and money laundering will be a potential problem. Unlike e-cash, like real cash in circulation will not leave any records, the tax department is difficult to trace, even if future adjustments of the international tax rules, due to its non-tracea bility, e-cash is likely to be criminals for tax evasion. Reposted elsewhere in the Fr ee Papers Download Center Money laundering: e-cash to money-laundering has become very easy. Becaus e the use of electronic cash the money can be sent anywhere in the world without leaving a trace, if the investigating authorities want to obtain the evidence, the ne ed to check online all of the data and decipher all of the passwords, it is almost i mpossible. Currently the only way is to establish certain key escrow mechanism for the Government under certain conditions, access to private key, which will harm t he privacy of customers, but as a prevention of money laundering and other illegal measures, many countries have begun this practice.disrupting financial order: the legal status of electronic cash has been difficult to ascertain. This is because, according to the currency of the substance and the b orderless nature of the network to infer the status of national central banks will be subject to challenge, because no one strong and reputable global company, can be issued to purchase their products or Services digital equivalent, in order to avoid t he cumbersome procedures of banks and tax revenue. And this would disrupt a co untry's financial order, no country would not allow.Repeat Consumption: As the electronic serial number can be copied, and there fore requires a large database to store users to complete transactions and E-Cash serial numbers to prevent the duplication of spending, which for software and hard ware requirements are high, so many banks do not support for e-cash business.4. Mobile Payment(1) payment: Mobile payment system for each mobile user to establish a cell p hone number associated with the payment of accounts, for mobile users with a mo bile phone payment and transaction authentication means. Users to make calls, sen d text messages or use the WAP function of access to mobile payment systems, mobile payment system will send the transaction request MASP, from MASP to det ermine the amount of the transaction, and through mobile payment system to notify users that the user to confirm After the payment methods can be achieved throug h a variety of ways, such as directly into the bank, the user's phone bill, or a dedi cated real-time prepaid debit accounts, which are by the mobile payment system to complete.(2) security measures: authentication method using personal ID / password. The part of the transaction is encrypted sensitive information.(3) security risk: ��deny Behavior: mobile payment encryption only encrypt par t of the transaction process, without considering trading of mutual authentication an d transaction non-repudiation, data encryption must be SET protocol model introduc ed into the mobile payment in. ��cell phone's own security: mobile payment, ther e are other problems: Most mobile phones do not have the user authentication mo dule, computing power is low, slow, inappropriate use of digital watermarking, due t o the encryption can not be very good, and the mobile phone messaging is wireles s, so there is at present on the larger mobile payment security risks.3, the conclusionAll of the above payment methods can not completely guarantee the security of payments, because the agreement itself is also insecurity. In order to further enha nce payment security, the intermediary must provide better services to support theuser, after booking of goods to the intermediaries to pay cash or check, the seller delivered the goods to an intermediary, intermediaries testing is not the seller of go ods meet the requirements, then the goods transferred to the buyer, the buyer conf irmation, payment to the seller, so that a better guarantee the buyer's interests. Alt hough there are still many problems of electronic payment (mainly security and trus t issues), but as the central link in e-commerce, and its development trend is irresi stible, the key is from the legislative and technical aspects to a gradual improveme nt.Reposted elsewhere in the Free Papers Download Center 。