四级复习题1

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理论综合题物业管理员(国家职业资格证四级)复习题(练习题1-4有答案)

C、商务文件和技术文件
D、投标函和技术文件
14、物业管理投标的过程包括：①准备投标文件②获取招标信息③登记并取得招标文件④项目评估与
风险防范⑤接受资格审查⑥送交投标文件⑦签订并执行合同⑧参加开标、现场答辩会议。正确的投标
步骤是（
）
A、②－③－④－⑤－①－⑥－⑧－⑦
B、④－③－⑤－②－⑦－①－⑥－⑧
C、③－②－⑤－④－①－⑥－⑧－⑦
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电，力通根1保据过护生管高产线中工敷资艺设料高技试中术卷0资配不料置仅试技可卷术以要是解求指决，机吊对组顶电在层气进配设行置备继不进电规行保范空护高载高中与中资带资料负料试荷试卷下卷问高总题中2体2资配，料置而试时且卷，可调需保控要障试在各验最类；大管对限路设度习备内题进来到行确位调保。整机在使组管其高路在中敷正资设常料过工试程况1卷下中安与，全过要，度加并工强且作看尽下护可1都能关可地于以缩管正小路常故高工障中作高资；中料对资试于料卷继试连电卷接保破管护坏口进范处行围理整，高核或中对者资定对料值某试，些卷审异弯核常扁与高度校中固对资定图料盒纸试位，卷置编.工写保况复护进杂层行设防自备腐动与跨处装接理置地，高线尤中弯其资曲要料半避试径免卷标错调高误试等高方，中案要资，求料编技试5写术卷、重交保电要底护气设。装设备管置备4高线动调、中敷作试电资设，高气料技并中课3试术且资件、卷中拒料中管试包绝试调路验含动卷试敷方线作技设案槽，术技以、来术及管避系架免统等不启多必动项要方高案式中；，资对为料整解试套决卷启高突动中然过语停程文机中电。高气因中课此资件，料中电试管力卷壁高电薄中气、资设接料备口试进不卷行严保调等护试问装工题置作，调并合试且理技进利术行用，过管要关线求运敷电行设力高技保中术护资。装料线置试缆做卷敷到技设准术原确指则灵导：活。在。对分对于线于调盒差试处动过，保程当护中不装高同置中电高资压中料回资试路料卷交试技叉卷术时调问，试题应技，采术作用是为金指调属发试隔电人板机员进一，行变需隔压要开器在处组事理在前；发掌同生握一内图线部纸槽故资内障料，时、强，设电需备回要制路进造须行厂同外家时部出切电具断源高习高中题中资电资料源料试，试卷线卷试缆切验敷除报设从告完而与毕采相，用关要高技进中术行资资检料料查试，和卷并检主且测要了处保解理护现。装场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。

育婴师(国家职业资格四级)理论知识考试复习题(一)

育婴师（国家职业资格四级）理论知识考试复习题（一）一、填空题（每格一分）1、我国是社会主义国家，要求用（）培养和塑造每一个公民。

2、育婴员是专门从事0-3岁婴幼儿（）和教育的人员，是适应我国社会发展需要而产生的一种新职业。

3、呼吸系统常以喉部（）下缘为界，分为上下呼吸道。

4、婴儿的情绪就是生理需要的“（）”要密切关注情绪变化，使之处于最佳的生理状态。

5、（）权是公民最基本、最重要的权利，是公民享受其他权利的基础。

6、只有（）喂养才能满足6个月以内婴儿的全部营养，而且可大大降低（过敏）的发生率。

7、婴儿期每天的需水量应为（）ml，体内水含量约为（70%-75%）。

8、控制二便包括定时大小便、较早（）大小便、主动（）等良好习惯。

9、用来苏水消毒玩具，可加水配成（）的溶液，将玩具在液体中浸泡（）分钟。

10、胸围小说明胸内（）等器官发育差，胸围大可能与佝偻病造成的“（）”有关。

11、营养物摄入不足造成的疾病一般称为（营养缺乏性疾病），摄入过多造成的疾病一般是单纯性肥胖或常见的（）。

12、儿童铅中毒诊断标准为（）水平超过或等于（）μmol/L。

13、0-1岁是语言的准备阶段，又称为（）阶段。

当婴儿说出第一批具有（）意义的词的时候，标志着婴儿开始进入了正式的（）的阶段。

14、婴儿认识自己是有（）的，0-4个月为“（）”，5-6个月为“（）”，1岁以后为“（）”。

15、一对一的教学是（）教学的（重要）教学组织形式之一，针对那些没有收到（）和（）的婴儿，要进行一对一的教学活动。

二、单项选择题（选择一个正确答案填在括号内，）1、社会主义职业道德要体现为（）这个核心。

集体主义共产主义社会责任感为人民服务2、胎儿头占身长的（）。

1/2 1/3 2/3 1/43、人类在进行过程中所获得的基本情绪大约有（）种。

2-4种4-6种6-8种8-12种4、婴儿喂养可以选择的奶类有（）原奶配方奶炼乳酸奶4、给婴儿准备温白开水，适宜温度为（）左右。

四级营养复习题(1)

四级营养复习题（1）一、单选题1．对蛋白质-能量营养不良（PEM）的治疗原则是（）A．给高蛋白，高热量饮食B．给高蛋白，高热量，高维生素饮食C．给营养平衡膳食D．合理补给营养素，对症治疗原发病2．在下列元素中，目前认为有促进手术病人伤口愈合作用的是（）A．硒B．碘C．锰D．铬E．锌3．正常人每日胆固醇摄入量应为（）A．<50mg B．<100mg C．<160mg D．<200mg E．<300mg4．以下哪种食物胆固醇含量最高（）A．猪肝B．瘦猪肉C．鸡腿肉D．牛奶E．带鱼5．必需脂肪酸是指（）A．油酸B．n-3 系列多不饱和脂肪酸C．n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸D．饱和脂肪酸E．n-6系列的亚油酸和n-3系列的ɑ-亚麻酸6．下列哪种营养素是抗氧化营养素（）A．铬B．硒C．锌D．维生素PP E．钼7．维生素A缺乏症可引起（）A．佝偻病B．脚气病C．坏血病D．赖皮病E．夜盲症8．以下哪种食物胆固醇含量最高（）A．猪肝B．瘦猪肉C．鸡腿肉D．牛奶E．带鱼9．易使血液中脂质升高的脂肪酸为哪一种？（）A．短链脂肪酸B．中链脂肪酸C．长链脂肪酸D．亚麻酸10．指出下列错误的：（）A．动物性食物大多富含饱和脂肪酸，刺激胆汁的分泌，促进胆汁酸的排泄减少胆固醇的吸收B．豆类及制品不含胆固醇，且能竞争性抑制胆固醇的吸收C．膳食纤维可促进胆汁酸的排泄从而减少胆固醇的吸收D．食物中的胆固醇有一定的反馈抑制作用11．钙是体内含量最多的一种无机元素，其99%分布在骨骼和牙齿中。

这部分钙不具有生物活性。

一有0.05%的钙是以离子的形式存在于软组织、细胞外液和血液中，我们常称其为：（）A．结合钙B．活性钙C．游离钙D．混合钙池12．具有抗氧化能力的微量营养素是（）A．VE VC Fe 硒B．VE VC β-胡萝卜素锌C．VE VC Fe 锌D．VE VC β-胡萝卜素硒13．在必需微量元素中，体内含量最高的元素是（）A．铁B．锌C．铜D．碘E．钼14．营养生理需要量是指（）A．每日应从食物种摄取的营养素的量 B．保持机体健康的营养素需要量C．保证机体能充分发挥工作效率的营养素需要量D．A和B E.C和D15．食物中钙最好的来源是（）A．虾皮B．奶类及其制品C．豆类D．海带E．紫菜16．患者发生口角炎、唇炎、抑制性皮炎、阴囊皮炎时，从营养学角度考虑补充下列哪种营养素（）A．维生素B1 B．维生素B2 C．维生素B6 D．维生素B5 E．维生素B1217．反式脂肪酸可使（）A．HDL降低B．LDL降低C．胆固醇降低D．甘油三酯降低18．中国居民平衡膳食宝塔建议每人每天油脂类摄入（）A．>=50g B．<50g C．25g-50g D．<=25g19．关于膳食纤维的叙述下列哪一条是错误的：（）A．来自蔬菜水果和粮食B．有利于排便C．能为人体消化酶所水解D．减轻毒物对机体的损害作用E．可阻止或减少胆固醇的吸收20．尼克酸缺乏可引起（）A．眼病B．坏血病C．脚气病D．赖皮病E．佝偻病21．下列哪种不是成酸性食物：（）A．粮谷B．豆类C．肉类D．鱼类E．奶类22．合理营养的目的是（）A．保证食物的色香味B．食物无毒无害，能促进食欲C．食品含有丰富的营养素和足够的热能D．能维持正常生理功能，促进健康和生长发与E．以上都是23．氮平衡是指：（）A．摄入氮=尿氮B．摄入氮=粪氮C．摄入氮等=（粪氮+尿氮+皮肤排出氮）D．摄入氮<排出氮E．以上都不是24．正氮平衡是指（）A．摄入氮<尿氮B．摄入氮=排出氮C．摄入氮=粪氮D．摄入氮等=粪氮+尿氮E．以上都不是25．以上哪一组是必需氨基酸（）A．蛋、酪、异亮氨酸B．胱、赖、亮氨酸C．苏、赖、缬氨酸D．赖、酪、精氨酸E．色、苯丙、半胱氨酸26．评价食物蛋白质质量高低主要是看（）A．蛋白质含量和消化率B．蛋白质中氨基酸含量和比值C．氨基酸组成和互补作用D．蛋白质消化和生物学价值E．蛋白质含量、消化率及被利用的程度27．氮储留量/氮摄入量*100是（）A．蛋白质消化率B．蛋白质表观消化率C．蛋白质生物价D．蛋白质净利用率E．蛋白质相对值28．动物体重增加克数/摄入食物蛋白质克数是（）A．蛋白质生物价B．蛋白质相对值C．蛋白质净利用率D．蛋白质功效比值E．以上都不是29．谷类蛋白质的第一限制氨基酸是（）A．苏氨酸B．赖氨酸C．蛋氨酸D．组氨酸E．亮氨酸30．加工烹调食物对营养素影响最大的是（）A．蛋白质B．脂肪C．无机盐D．B族维生素E．碳水化物31．以下除哪种食物外均具有抗癌作用（）A．洋葱B．竹笋C．胡萝卜D．马铃薯E．白萝卜32．梨子的保健作用是（）A．润肺化痰清热B．补益气血C．清热通便D．健脾止泻E．温补肾阳33．维生素C的良好食物来源是（）A．畜肉类B．禽肉类C．蔬菜水果D．鱼类E．食用菌类34．水苏糖和棉籽糖等寡聚糖是引起腹胀的原因，主要存在于（）A．蔬菜B．大豆C．肉类D．水果E．菌藻类35．米类食物在淘洗和烹调的过程中，最易损失的营养素是（）A．碳水化物B．磷C．B族维生素D．脂肪E．蛋白质36．谷类中的B族维生素主要集中在（）A．谷皮B．糊粉层C．胚乳D．胚E．胚乳周围37．限制氨基酸的存在使机体（）A．蛋白质的吸收受到限制B．蛋白质供应热能受限C．合成组织蛋白质受限D．蛋白质分解代谢受限E．机体氮平衡受限38．下列人群中不需要维持正氮平衡的是（）A．乳母B．青少年C．成年男子D．婴幼儿E．孕妇39．储留氮/吸收氮*100%是（）A．蛋白质表观消化率B．蛋白质真消化率C．蛋白质生物学价值D．蛋白质净利用率E．蛋白质功效比值40．为维持蛋白质代谢正常，60kg成年男子（轻体力劳动），膳食中每日需补充蛋白质75g，其中优质蛋白质应有（）A．10g左右B．25g左右C．40g左右D．50g左右E．60g左右41．由于食物的特殊动力作用而增加的能量消耗，以何种营养素最多（）A．脂肪B．碳水化物C．蛋白质D．混合膳食E．酒精42．有利于肠道钙吸收的因素有（）A．氨基酸、乳糖、维生素D B．脂肪酸、氨基酸、乳糖C．抗酸药、乳糖、钙磷比D．乳糖、青霉素、抗酸药E．草酸、维生素D、乳糖43．抑制膳食中非血红素铁吸收的因素有（）A．胃酸分泌过多B．维生素ＣC．植酸、草酸和多酚类物质D．钙E．维生素Ｄ44．有关微量元素锌，不正确的是（）A．锌是许多金属酶的结构成分和激活剂B．缺锌的典型临床表现为食欲减退、生长发育受阻C．孕妇缺锌会导致中枢神经系统先天性畸形D．动物性食物锌的生物利用率小于植物性食物E．过量铁吸收可抑制锌的吸收45．参与构成谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的营养素是（）A．铁B．锌C．硒D．硫胺素E．核黄素46．必须脂肪酸的最佳食物来源是（）A．牛油B．花生油C．猪油D．猪肉E．蛋黄47．以下不属于膳食纤维的是（）A．纤维素B．果胶C．半纤维素D．藻类多糖E．果糖48．人体的热能来源与膳食中蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化物，它们在体内的产热系数是（）A．4kcal/g、9 kcal/g、9 kcal/g B．4 kcal/g、9 kcal/g、4 kcal/gC．9 kcal/g、4 kcal/g、4 kcal/g D．4 kcal/g、4 kcal/g、4 kcal/gE．4 kcal/g、4 kcal/g、9 kcal/g49．下列为非必需氨基酸的是（）A．色氨酸B．苏氨酸C．蛋氨酸D．精氨酸E．赖氨酸50．维生素C的良好食物来源是（）A．蓄肉类B．禽肉类C．蔬菜水果D．鱼类E．食用菌类51．严重烧伤病人从尿中及创面中丢失钾较多，可选用下列食品补充（）A．各种粗粮B．牛奶、鸡蛋C．各种水果、蔬菜D．土豆、粉条E．各种豆类二、多项选择题52．供给人体能量的营养素包括（）A．维生素B．碳水化合物C．矿物质D．蛋白质E．脂肪53．下列哪些人群处于正氮平衡（）A．婴幼儿B．儿童C．孕妇D．老年人E．青少年54．富含膳食纤维的食物有（）A．谷类B．肉类C．薯类D．豆类E．蔬菜及水果55．影响基础代谢的因素有哪些（）A．遗传B．体重C．性别和年龄D．生理状态E．环境因素56．有利于钙吸收的因素有哪些（）A．维生素D B．铁C．某些氨基酸D．乳糖E．钙磷比57．含胆固醇较丰富的食物有（）A．猪肝B．鱼类C．猪肾D．猪脑E．蛋黄58．下列哪些食物蛋白质属于优质蛋白质（）A．牛奶B．花生C．鸡蛋D．鱼肉E．白爪子59．蔬菜水果含有丰富的（）A．维生素B．矿物质C．膳食纤维D．蛋白质E．脂肪60．含糖较多的蔬菜有（）A．小白菜B．油菜C．胡萝卜D．洋葱E．藕61．含维生素C较多的蔬菜有（）A．柿子椒B．菜花C．萝卜D．南瓜E．菠菜62．含胡萝卜素较丰富的蔬菜有（）A．胡萝卜B．冬瓜C．南瓜D．西葫芦E．苋菜63．锌的主要食物来源是（）A．肉类B．蔬菜类C．鱼类D．海产品类E．水果类64．严重烧伤的病人从尿中及创面中丢失钾较多，可选用下列食品补充（）A．各种粗粮B．牛奶、鸡蛋C．各种水果、蔬菜D．土豆、粉条E．各种豆答案：。

室内装饰设计员师四级知识试题

室内装饰设计员（师）（四级）知识试题室内装饰设计员（中级）理论应知总复习试题默认分类2010-04-09 22:07:20 阅读77 评论0 字号：大中小订阅一, 推断题1.色调对人的心理反应特征是冷和暖。

（Y）2.全部光色相混，其光色呈白色。

（Y）3.同等面积下室内自然采光进光量最大的是开圆窗。

（X）4.绿化陈设具有调整空气温度, 湿度的功能。

（Y）5.大理石作立面阳角装饰施工时常倒45度角处理。

（X）6.家具按运用功能可分为坐卧类，凭类, 储存类（Y）7.墙体在建筑中具有围合空间, 分割空间的作用。

（Y）8.装饰工程施工中石材施工应用不低于325号一般硅酸盐水泥。

（Y）9.室内照明有整体照明，局部照明，混合照明，成角照明等形式。

（Y）10.墙体抹灰工程中，基层是混凝土可用石灰泥浆。

（X）11.西藏布达拉宫代表了中国晚清时期佛教建筑的最高水平。

（Y）12.室内设计中顶棚的形式应按暖通设备的排布进行设计。

（X）13.晴纶纤维地毯缺点是耐磨性能差。

（Y）14.暖色系, 明度较高的色调具有后退感。

（X）15.“大调合, 小对比”是空间色调配制的常规原则。

（Y）16.物体在光源下有反射, 透射, 汲取三种现象。

（Y）17.瓷砖装饰施工中应用425号以上的一般硅酸盐水进行铺贴。

（Y）18.丙纶地毯的缺点是简单褪色。

（X）19.家具设计包括家具的自身造型和家具在空间的组织及布置两方面（Y）20.从席地而坐到垂足而坐是我国家具发展史上的一段趋势。

（Y）21.圈梁结构是为了加强建筑的坚实性。

（Y）22.大理石纹理美观是室内外皆宜的装饰石材。

（X）23.墙体抹灰工程中，基层为砖墙可用混合沙浆。

（X）24.门由门扇和门锁两部分组成。

（X）25.现代室内环境设计包括视觉环境, 物理环境, 心理环境。

（Y）26.具有四面墙体围合的空间称室内空间。

（X）27.贝津铭是杰出的华裔建筑师，代表作是加拿大蒙特利尔的马利广场办公楼（Y）28.室内设计的关键在于用材的环保性。

编程四级-计算机理论知识复习题(1-3)

编程四级-计算机理论知识复习题（1-3）1.世界上第一台电子计算机诞生于（） [单选题] *A.1945年B.1946年(正确答案)C.1949年D.1950年2.世界上第一台通用电子数字计算器诞生于（） [单选题] *A.英国B. 法国C. 美国(正确答案)D.德国3.被称为计算机“鼻祖”的科学家是（） [单选题] *A.冯·诺伊曼(正确答案)B.马克·吐温C.比尔·盖茨D.林则徐4.提出“程序存储，程序控制”的设计思想的人物是（） [单选题] *A.冯·诺伊曼(正确答案)B.瓦特C.爱心斯坦D.爱迪生5.从计算机的工作原理上来说，计算机的本质功能就是（） [单选题] *A.数据处理(正确答案)B.图形图像处理C.音频处理D.视频处理6.（多选）计算机内部采用二进制的主要原因是（） *A.存储信息量大B.二进制只有0和1两种状态，在计算机设计中容易实现(正确答案)C.运算规则简单，能够节省设备(正确答案)D.数据输入输出方便E.易应用逻辑代数分析逻辑电路，为逻辑设计提供方便(正确答案)7.计算机中一个完整信息存储的最小单位是（） [单选题] *A.二进制位(正确答案)B.字节C.字D.字长8.计算机数据存储的单位有( ) *A.字B.兆(正确答案)C.位(正确答案)D.字节(正确答案)9.下列字符中对应ASCII码数值最小的是哪个选项（） [单选题] *A.B(正确答案)B. aC. kD. M10.下列字符中对应ASCII码数值最小的是哪个选项( ) [单选题] *A.BB. aC. kD.2(正确答案)11.（多选）计算机内部采用二进制关于下面对unicode 作用的描述，正确的是（） *A.能够使计算机对跨语言的文本进行转换及处理(正确答案)B.能够减少存储大小，节约存储成本C.能够使计算机对跨平台的文本进行转换及处理(正确答案)D.能够使计算机处理文本速度更快12.（多选）用计算机管理科技情报资料，不属于( )方面的应用 *A.科学计算(正确答案)B.数据处理C.实时控制(正确答案)D.人工智能(正确答案)13.人们利用计算机解决问题的基本过程一般有如下五个步骤（①-⑤），请按各步骤的先后顺序在下列选项（） [单选题] *①调试运行程序②分析问题③设计算法④问题解决⑤编写程序A.①②③④⑤B.②④③⑤①C.④②③⑤①D.②③⑤①④(正确答案)14.计算机系统组成( ) [单选题] *A.存储系统和硬件系统B.存储系统和非存储系统C.硬件系统和软件系统(正确答案)D.输入系统和输出系统15.以下的内容不属于硬件设备（系统）的是( ) [单选题] *A.存储器B.机箱C.Windows系统(正确答案)D.输出设备16.完整的计算机系统应该包括（） [单选题] *A.主机、键盘、显示器B.主机、操作系统C.主机、外部设备D.硬件和软件系统(正确答案)17.软件系统包括( ) [单选题] *A.系统软件和存储器B.应用软件和存储器C.存储器和CPUD.系统软件和应用软件(正确答案)18.（多选）微型计算机的性能主要由微型处理器的CPU决定，主要包括（）部分*A.质量B.控制器(正确答案)C.运算器(正确答案)D.译码器19.哪项不是控制器直接的功能?（） [单选题] *A.取指令B.计算/修改指令(正确答案)C.中断程序D.分析指令20.以下对中央处理器的说法不正确的是:（） [单选题] *A.中央处理器包括运算器和控制器B.中央处理器包括运算器、控制器和存储器(正确答案)C.简称为CPUD.是一台计算机的核心和控制核心21.运算器的主要功能是:（） [单选题] *A.分析程序指令B.对数据进行加工，运算(正确答案)C.只起到计算作用D.只有进行加减乘除运算22.在计算机硬件设备中，（）合在一起被称为中央处理器，简称为CPU。

茶艺师理论四级(复习题一)

茶艺师理论四级（复习题一）1 .茶艺人员个人良好的O和修养是其整体素质和修养的重要组成部分。

A、职业道德素质（；「案）B、精神面貌C、职业教育D、职业培训2 .茶艺师的职业道德不仅包括具体的职业道德水平，而且还包括反映职业道德本质特征的OOA、道德原则A1.I答案）B、道德准则C、行为准则D、行为规范3 .热爱（），是茶艺从业人员职业道德最基本的要求。

A、茶文化B、工作环境C、茶艺工作D、工作岗位4 .下列茶树中，植株无明显主干的是O茶树。

A、乔木型B、小乔木型C、灌木型D、都一样5 .以下（）不属于乌龙茶四大产区。

A、福建B、广东C、广西㈠D、台湾6 .茶树生长对土壤的要求之一是喜（），怕（）«A、酸、湿；碱、涝（正确答案）B、酸、涝；碱、湿C、弱酸、湿；碱、涝D、弱碱、涝；酸、湿7 .茶叶保存应注意水分的控制，当茶叶水分含量O时，就会加速茶叶的变质。

A、超过4%B、达到5%C、不足5%D、超过5%8 .茶叶保存应注意光线照射，因为光线能促进植物色素或脂质的O加速茶叶的变质。

A、分解B、化合C、还原D、氧化，9 .外形色泽具有“糙米色”的是OOA、黄山毛峰B、洞庭碧螺春C、西湖龙井D、庐山云雾10 .清香幽雅、浓郁甘醇、鲜爽甜润是（）品质特点。

A、信阳毛尖B、西湖龙井C、皖南屯绿D、洞庭碧螺春U11 .黄山毛峰外形的品质特点是OOA、芽头肥壮，紧实挺直，芽身金黄，满披白毫B、形似雀舌，匀齐壮实，锋显毫露，色如象牙，鱼叶金黄（C、条索紧结，肥硕雄壮，色泽乌润，金毫特显D、形似瓜子的单片，自然平展，叶缘微翘，大小均匀，色泽绿中带霜（宝绿）12 .庐山云雾外形的品质特点是OOA、芽头肥壮，紧实挺直，芽身金黄，满披白毫B、形似瓜子的单片，自然平展，叶缘微翘，大小均匀，色泽绿中带霜（宝绿）C、条索紧结，肥硕雄壮，色泽乌润，金毫特显D、条索粗壮、青翠多毫13 .六安瓜片外形的品质特点是OoA、芽头肥壮，紧实挺直，芽身金黄，满披白亳B、形似雀舌，匀齐壮实，锋显毫露，色如象牙，鱼叶金黄C、条索紧结，肥硕雄壮，色泽乌润，金亳特显D、形似瓜子的单片，自然平展，叶缘微翘，大小均匀，色泽绿中带霜（宝绿）正确答案）14 .君山银针内质的品质特点是OOA、香气清纯，滋味甜爽，汤色橙黄明净，叶底嫩黄匀亮B、清香高长，汤色清澈，滋味鲜浓、醇厚、甘甜，叶底嫩黄肥壮成朵C、汤色艳亮，香气鲜郁高长，滋味浓厚鲜爽，富有刺激性，叶底红匀嫩亮D、香气清高、味道甘鲜15 .以下O茶叶具有“岩韵”。

养老护理员四级理论复习题专业理论部分复习题一

养老护理员四级理论复习题专业理论部分复习题一一、单项选择题1、压疮的淤血红润期，应用物理治疗的烤灯照射，应距压疮部位（），20min/次，2次/ 日。

A、20〜30cmB、30〜40cmC、50- 60cmD、80〜90cm2、异相睡眠出现在正相睡眠后，对促进（）十分有利。

人心率、血压B、呼吸、脉搏C精力恢复、智力发展D、全身肌肉紧张3、在几小时、几天、甚至6个月以内可缓解的疼痛为（）。

A、急性疼痛B、慢性疼痛C、假性疼痛D、牵涉性疼痛4、低盐饮食每日限用食盐量不超过（）。

A、2gB、4gC、5gD、6g5、重度高血压的老年人宜采取（）。

A、高蛋白饮食B、低蛋白饮食C、低脂肪饮食D、低盐饮食6、准备超声雾化器时需在雾化罐内加入稀释的药液约（）。

A、30〜50mLB、60〜100mLC、120-150mLD、200-250mL7、为骶尾部有压疮的老年人伤口换药时，养老护理员助老年人采取的舒适体位是（）。

A、平卧位B、侧卧位C、半坐位D、俯卧位8、滴眼药水的正确部位是（）。

A、下眼脸内B、上眼脸内C、眼球结膜上D、服内角处9、对高热老年人的照料不正确的方法是（）。

A、让老年人卧床休息B、补充营养及水分C、行口腔、皮肤护理D、物理降温后1h测量体温10、不属于呼吸困难的临床表现是（）。

A、咳嗽痰多B、呼吸浅而急促C、胸闷D、面色紫绀11、无菌治疗盘铺好后在没有潮湿、没有污染的情况下，有效期（）A 2hB、4hC、6hD、8h12、病情危重的老年人，其护理记录应（）记录1次。

A1-2hB、 3〜4hC4〜6hD、6〜8h13、当老年人发生烧伤、烫伤需要采取现场急救时，其创面可用清水冲洗、小创面可用（）, 以减轻热力的损害和疼A温水浸泡B、热水浸泡C、冷水浸泡D、冰块浸泡14、促进慢性支气管炎老年人呼吸道通畅的正确照料措施是A、调节室内相对湿度为30%〜40%B、每日饮水不少于800mLC、痰液黏稠者向鼻咽部滴盐水D、给卧床老年人经常翻身叩背15、急性心肌梗死的老年人，应立即采取的体位是（）。

2023六月大学英语四级考试真题一

2023六月大学英语四级考试真题一全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12023 June CET-4 ExamListening Section (30 points)Part A1. What is the lecture mainly about?A. The benefits of volunteeringB. The importance of recyclingC. Ways to reduce carbon emissionsD. The history of Earth Day2. According to the speaker, what does volunteering not involve?A. Helping others in needB. Giving back to the communityC. Receiving monetary rewardsD. Spending time with friends3. Why did Earth Day come into being?A. To celebrate the Earth's beautyB. To raise awareness of environmental issuesC. To promote green lifestyle choicesD. To encourage people to volunteerPart B4. What is the man mainly discussing with the woman?A. Plans for the weekendB. The weather forecastC. A recent movie releaseD. A new exercise routine5. Why does the woman suggest going to the art museum?A. To escape the bad weatherB. To check out a new exhibitC. To buy tickets for a showD. To meet some friends6. What does the man finally decide to do?A. Go for a walk in the parkB. Visit the art museumC. Watch a movie at homeD. Try out a new restaurantPart C7. What do we learn about the speaker's apartment?A. It is in a convenient locationB. It has no air conditioningC. It is fully furnishedD. It overlooks the city skyline8. How far is the speaker's apartment from the university?A. 5 minutes on footB. 10 minutes by bikeC. 15 minutes by busD. 20 minutes by car9. What does the speaker say about the rent?A. It is quite expensiveB. It includes utilitiesC. It is negotiableD. It must be paid in cashReading Section (40 points)Part APassage 110. What is the main topic of this passage?A. The benefits of exerciseB. The history of yogaC. Different types of sportsD. Training for a marathon11. According to the passage, what is one advantage of doing yoga?A. It can help reduce stressB. It requires special equipmentC. It is only suitable for young peopleD. It is a high-impact exercise12. What does the passage say about the benefits of running?A. It is good for the heartB. It can lead to joint problemsC. It is not recommended for beginnersD. It does not require any trainingPart BPassage 213. What is the passage mainly about?A. The importance of time managementB. The benefits of taking breaksC. The dangers of multitaskingD. The keys to academic success14. According to the passage, what can happen when we try to do too many things at once?A. We become more productiveB. We lose focus and make mistakesC. We finish tasks more quicklyD. We remember information better15. Why does the passage suggest taking short breaks during study sessions?A. To avoid burnoutB. To socialize with friendsC. To check social mediaD. To procrastinateWriting Section (30 points)Essay Topic: "The Impact of Social Media on Relationships"Instructions: Write an essay discussing the impact of social media on relationships. In your essay, consider the following questions:- How does social media affect communication between friends and family members?- What role does social media play in romantic relationships?- Are there any negative effects of social media on relationships?- How can individuals maintain healthy relationships while using social media?You should write at least 250 words for this essay.Overall, the 2023 June CET-4 exam covers a wide range of topics, including environmental issues, leisure activities, housing options, sports, study habits, and the impact of social media on relationships. Studying and practicing in advance will help you perform well on test day. Good luck!篇22023 June CET-4 Writing SectionPart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "The Impact of Social Media on Modern Society". You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline below:1. 社交媒体的普及和影响2. 正面影响：方便交流、拓宽视野等3. 负面影响：信息泛滥、隐私泄露等4. 你的看法The Impact of Social Media on Modern SocietyIn today's digital age, the prevalence of social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with each other. On the one hand, social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have made it easier for people to stay connected, share information, and broaden their horizons. This has undoubtedly brought about many positive changes in our lives.For starters, social media has made communication more convenient and immediate. With just a few clicks, we can reach out to friends and family across the globe, share our thoughts and experiences, and stay updated on current events. In addition, social media has exposed us to a wealth of information and perspectives that we may not have otherwise encountered. This has allowed us to learn about different cultures, ideas, and worldviews, enriching our understanding of the world.However, the widespread use of social media also has its downsides. One of the most significant drawbacks is the proliferation of misinformation and fake news on these platforms. With the sheer volume of content being shared online, it can be difficult to discern fact from fiction, leading to the spread of rumors, conspiracy theories, and propaganda. Moreover, social media has raised concerns about privacy anddata security, as users' personal information is often collected and sold to third parties without their consent.In my opinion, while social media has undoubtedly brought about many positive changes in modern society, we must also be vigilant about its negative impact. It is crucial for users to critically evaluate the information they encounter online, and for platform providers to take responsibility for protecting users' privacy and security. By striking a balance between the benefits and risks of social media, we can harness its potential for good while mitigating its potential harms.Overall, the impact of social media on modern society is complex and multifaceted. By understanding and addressing both its positive and negative effects, we can ensure that social media continues to enrich our lives and connect us to a wider world.篇32023 June CET-4 ExamPart I ListeningSection A1. What is the woman doing?A. Making a phone callB. Writing an emailC. Texting a friendD. Talking to a colleague2. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. Plans for the weekendB. Travel arrangementsC. Work responsibilitiesD. Purchase of a new car3. Why does the man go to the post office?A. To mail a packageB. To buy stampsC. To pick up a packageD. To inquire about a lost letterSection B4. What does the woman want to do this weekend?A. Go to the libraryB. Visit a museumC. Watch a movieD. Go hiking5. What is the man's opinion about the movie they watched?A. It was boringB. It was better than he expectedC. It was too longD. It was too violent6. What will the man do for the woman?A. Help her with her homeworkB. Attend a conference with herC. Drive her to the airportD. Cook dinner for herPart II Reading ComprehensionPassage one7. What is the passage mainly about?A. The benefits of exerciseB. The importance of a healthy lifestyleC. The dangers of obesityD. The cost of gym memberships8. According to the passage, what can help reduce stress?A. Eating junk foodB. Watching televisionC. Learning a new skillD. Smoking9. What is the main reason why people do not exercise regularly?A. They are too busyB. They are not interestedC. They cannot afford itD. They are too lazyPassage two10. Why is the Great Barrier Reef in danger?A. Due to pollutionB. Due to climate changeC. Due to overfishingD. Due to tourism11. What can be done to protect the Great Barrier Reef?A. Ban all tourist activitiesB. Reduce carbon emissionsC. Stop all fishing in the areaD. Remove all coral from the ocean12. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The beauty of the Great Barrier ReefB. The threats to the Great Barrier ReefC. The history of the Great Barrier ReefD. The economic importance of the Great Barrier ReefPart III WritingWrite an essay on the following topic:"Should students be required to wear school uniforms? Why or why not?"In your essay, you should:1. Present arguments for both sides2. Provide examples to support your arguments3. Offer your personal opinion and explain your reasoningOverall, the 2023 June CET-4 exam covers a range of topics including daily activities, social issues, environmental concerns, and education policies. Students are encouraged to prepare thoroughly to succeed on the exam. Good luck!。

英语四级专业基础复习(1)

英语四级复习大全第一章听力理解第一节听力题型改革概述听力比例由原来的20%提升到35%：短对话部分由原来的10题减至8题；增加两篇长对话，题量在3至4题每篇，一共7题；短文(俗称“段子题”)仍为3篇，题量在3至4题每篇，一共10题；复合式听写保持不变。

以上4个听力部分中，短对话和长对话的分值一共占15%，而短文和复合式听写的分值一共占20%。

听力题材涉及的范围更加广泛，形式灵活多样，包括对话、讲座、广播电视节目等等。

第二节听力题型概述及应试策略一、关于对话题(一) 长短对话听力题改革与分析1. 听力短对话部分虽然由原先的10题改为8题，但就其题目特点与解题思路而言与以往的老题型没有太大的差异。

这些题目一如既往地贯彻了以往的几大常见考点：·转折引起的作者态度及谈论重点的变化；·对现象原因的阐述与补充；·反问句式、反意疑问句式的考察：反问和反意疑问在四级考试中永远以一种无疑而问的形式出现，这次依然用了这样的一个形式。

因此，只要能很好把握其“无疑而问”的特点，就能方便解题。

当然也应该注意到，反问句往往作为加强语气的建议句型出现的这一考点。

·建议句型的考察：建议句型往往是比较复杂的考点之一，因为句型相对比较多，而且隐蔽性比较强。

·场景、人物关系的推测；·语音语调的考察。

综上所述，试点考试将依然遵循以往的考试规律和特点，一脉相承。

但所谓的短对话却也越来越长，这也体现了现在考试在句型句式、言外之意和内容复杂化三个方面的发展趋势。

2. 听力长对话并不可怕，它结合了短对话对问答句式，建议请求，和关键场景赐予的考察和长段子对文章层次和理解能力的要求。

所以做这样的题目往往需要具备综合的素质，既要注意其中的细节，又要注意整体的把握，还要能够应付7道题目的题量，这比以往的四级题目对综合能力的要求显著提高了。

(二) 长短对话听力技巧应注意以下几点：1. 提前阅读选项，判断问题所属，从而集中精力于有关信息。

四级理论复习题1-50

四级理论复习题1-50您的姓名： [填空题] *_________________________________1、从事一定职业的人生职业活动中应当遵循的具有职业特征的道德要求和行为准则是（）。

[单选题] *A、职业规范B、职业准则C、职业守则D、职业道德(正确答案)2、百分表的分度值为（）mm。

[单选题] *A、0.01(正确答案)B、0.02C、0.001D、0.0053、液压行车制动系在达到规定的制动效能时，对于制动器装有自动调整间隙装置的车辆的踏板行程不得超过踏板全行程的（）。

[单选题] *A、 1/4B、 1/2C、 3/4D、 4/5(正确答案)4、用游标卡尺分别测量制动蹄支承销与衬套，其配合间隙不应超过（）mm。

[单选题] *A、0.3(正确答案)B、5C、15D、305、汽车玻璃的透光率不低于（）。

[单选题] *A、0.9B、0.8(正确答案)C、0.7D、0.66、对于允许挂接挂车的汽车，其驻车制动装置必须能使汽车列车在满载状态下时能停在坡度（）% 的坡道上。

D [单选题] *A、1B、60C、80D、12(正确答案)7、检修空调所使用的压力表歧管总成一共（）块压力表。

[单选题] *A、1B、2(正确答案)C、3D、48、装有4个双向电机的座椅可以实现（）个方向的调节。

[单选题] *A、1B、2C、8(正确答案)D、209、使用深度尺检查轮胎花纹深度，同一截面需至少测量（）个点。

B [单选题] *A、2B、3(正确答案)C、4D、510、现代车用铅酸蓄电池由（）个单格电池串联而成,每个单格电池约为2V,串联后蓄电池电压为 12V。

[单选题] *A、2B、4C、6(正确答案)D、811、为保证车辆顺利起动，起动前蓄电池电压不小于（）V。

[单选题] *A、6B、8C、10D、12(正确答案)12、在发动机转速为2500r/min时，排气背压应该小于（）kPa。

[单选题] *A、17.24(正确答案)B、20.7C、30.2D、41.513、装传动轴时，十字轴轴颈如有压痕，压痕不严重且不在传力面时，可将十字轴由原装配位置旋转（）°装复。

2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版

2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city.You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.D) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device.2. A) It is stable. B) It is durable. C) It is inexpensive. D) It is sophisticated.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.Questions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Shrinking potato farming.B) Heavy reliance on import.C) Widespread plant disease.D) Insufficient potato supply.6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.B) It wants to expand its own farming.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.D) It is worried about unfair competition.7. A) Global warning.B) Ever-rising prices.C) Government regulation.D) Diminishing investment.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Informative. B) Inspiring. C) Dull. D) Shallow.9. A) She types on a keyboard.B) She does recording.C) She take photos.D) She take notes.10. A) It keeps her mind active.B) It makes her stay awake.C) It enables her to think hard.D) It helps her kill time.11. A)It enables her to improve her pronunciation.B) It helps her better remember what she learns.C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To spend her honeymoon.B) To try authentic Indian food.C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.D) To trace the origin of a love story.In memory of a princess.B) In honor of a great emperor.C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.D) To celebrate the birth of a princess’s 14th child.14. A) It looks older than expected.B) It is built of wood and bricks.C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.D) It has walls decorated with jewels.15. A) Their streets are narrow.B) Each on has a unique character.C) They are mostly crowded.D) Life can be tedious in some places.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)They help spread the latest technology.B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.C) They provide residents with theD) They allow free access to digital books and videos.17. A) By helping them find jobs.B) By keeping them off the streets.C) By inspiring their creativity.D) By providing a place of relaxation.18. A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.C) They tended to visit libraries regularly.D) Their number increased modestly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.B) It is an unusual cross breed.C) It is the largest cat in Africa.D) It is a large-sized wild cat.20. A) They are as loyal as doges.B) They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.C) They have unusually long tails.D) They know how to please their owners.21. A) They shake their front paws.B) They shower with them.C) They teach them to dive.D) They shout at them.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Contented and relieved.B) Anxious and depressed.C) Proud but a bit nervous.D) Excited but somewhat sad.23. A) It starts the moment they are born.B) It depends on their parents for success.C) It is gaining increasing public attention.D) It is becoming parents’ biggest concern.24. A) Choose the right school for them.B) Help them to learn by themselves.C) Read books and magazines to them.D) Set a good example for them to follow.25. A) Their intelligence.B) Their home life.C) The quality of their school.D) The effort they put in learning.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the wordsin the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world.The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating and cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30it as an “urgent call to action.”“One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31,”he said.The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.But the problem is not limited 34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the . as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel(柴油) 35 have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.A)ability E)control I)exclusively M)sourcesB)associated F)damage J)innovated N)undermineC)consciously G)described K)regularly O)vehiclesD)constant H)equals L)relatesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress[A] Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how t o feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really goodfor the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”[B] Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.[C] Nadeau notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉)-and-cheese boxes in Scott’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it”she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sure they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”[D] Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.[E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications (药物). By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as ‘Shop withyour Doc’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There’s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.[F]In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of ST. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital’s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”[G] In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine — that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods inthe American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.[H]“It’s a different paradigm（范式） of how to treat disease,”says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients’nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.[I]Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea says. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.”[J]Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet —particularly for people with diabetes or otherinflammatory conditions.[K]“As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In th e same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans’high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted （抽取）. The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously thought.It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep in the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sourcesof freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchersA) By building more reserves of groundwater.B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.D) By upgrading its water distribution system.can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifersA) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.B) It was not considered worth the expense.C) It may not provide quality freshwater.D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep undergroundA) The sinking of land surface. C) The damage to aquifers.B) The harm to the ecosystem. D) The change of the climate.49. What does the author say about deep wellsA) They run without any need for repairs.B) They are entirely free from pollutants.C) They are the ultimate solution to droughts.D) They provide a steady supply of freshwater.50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sourcesA) People’s health may improve with cleaner water.B) People’s water bills may be lowered considerably.C) The cost may go up due to desalination.D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The AlphaGo program’s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fairOne example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengersPerhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but theyare not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which own AlphoGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and “just better human beings.”51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victoryA) Computers will prevail over human beings.B) Computers have unmatched potential.C) Computers are man’s potential rivals.D) Computers can become highly intelligent.52. What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethicallyA) They are capable of predicting possible risks.B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.D) They sacrifice everything to save human lives.53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI ageA) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.54. What do we learn about Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ TaylorA) She could not distinguish good from bad.B) She could turn herself off when necessary.C) She was not made to handle novel situations.D) She was good at performing routine tasks.55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligenceA) It will be far superior to human beings.B) It will keep improving as time goes by.C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人度增长。

2023年12月四级试题

2023年12月四级试题四级试题一：What do you think is the best way to lose weight? (请你回答)答案：The best way to lose weight is through a combination of healthy eating and exercise. A balanced diet that is low in fat and sugar and high in fiber, as well as regular exercise, particularly aerobic exercise like running or swimming, can help to effectively lose weight while also improving overall health.四级试题二：What are the most important skills for success in the workplace? (请你回答)答案：The most important skills for success in the workplace include communication skills, teamwork skills, problem-solving skills, time management skills, and leadership skills. These skills are essential for effective collaboration with colleagues, successful completion of projects, and career development.四级试题三：What is the best way to improve your English proficiency? (请你回答)答案：The best way to improve your English proficiency is through consistent practice and immersion. Regularly engaging in speaking, listening, reading, and writing activities in English, as well as surroundyourself with English through media and cultural experiences, can helpto improve your language skills significantly.四级试题四：What is the most effective way to improve your memory? (请你回答)答案：The most effective way to improve your memory is through regular exercise and a balanced diet. Physical exercise can improve the health of your brain and promote the growth of new neurons, while a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and fruits and vegetables can also enhance cognitive function and memory.四级试题五：What is the most important factor in determining a person's success? (请你回答)答案：The most important factor in determining a person's success is their attitude. A positive and determined attitude leads to greater motivation and effort, which can help a person to overcome challenges and achieve their goals. Conversely, a negative attitude can prevent a person from achieving success even if they have great talent or ability.四级试题六：What is the best way to manage stress? (请你回答)答案：The best way to manage stress is through relaxation techniques and stress management methods. Techniques like deepbreathing, yoga, meditation, and positive thinking can help to reduce stress levels and improve mental well-being. Additionally, maintaining healthy habits like regular exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep can also help to manage stress effectively.四级试题七：What is the most important quality for being a good leader? (请你回答)答案：The most important quality for being a good leader is empathy. Empathy allows leaders to connect with their team members, understand their needs and perspectives, and create a sense of unity and purpose. Empathy also helps leaders to motivate and inspire their teams towards achieving common goals.四级试题八：What is the best way to save money? (请你回答)答案：The best way to save money is through budgeting and planning. Regularly assessing your income and expenses, creating a budget that allocates funds for necessary expenses and savings goals, and being mindful of unnecessary spending can help you to save money effectively. Additionally, finding ways to earn extra income can also contribute to saving goals.。

劳务派遣管理员四级复习试卷一

劳务派遣管理员四级复习试卷一1.应聘表设计时，要符合当地有关（）的要求。

[单选题] *A法律和政策(正确答案)B法律法规C行政主管部门D业务主管部门2.以下不属于企业招聘需求信息来源的是（）。

[单选题] *A组织人力资源自然减员B组织业务调整的需要C人力资源部的决策D现有人员的不合理配置(正确答案)3.不属于员工团队的动力要素构成（）。

[单选题] *A.绩效B.成员满意度C.团队学习D.行业满意度(正确答案)4.招聘广告中没出现招聘企业名称的广告称为（）。

[单选题] * A隐瞒广告B秘密广告C遮蔽广告(正确答案)D未公开广告5.下列哪项不属于产品的整体概念（）。

[单选题] *A.核心产品B.有形产品C. 附加产品D.产品服务(正确答案)6.内部招聘最容易出现（）。

[单选题] *A相互拆台B部门相互挖人C无强烈竞聘上岗D近亲繁殖(正确答案)7.招聘需求信息发布的范围是根据（）来确定的。

[单选题] *A招聘预算B招聘计划C招聘对象(正确答案)D公司情况8.因员工离职或调动，短期休假产生岗位的空缺属于（）。

[单选题] * A组织人力资源自然减员(正确答案)B组织业务量变化引起的人力资源需求C组织人力资源满负荷D组织配置不合理的人力资源需求9.应聘表的特点不包括（）。

[单选题] *A申请表的内容和形式固定不变(正确答案)B节省时间C精准了解应聘者D提供后续选择的参考10.在劳动经济学的的研究方法中，（）是认识客观现象，向人们提供实在、有用、确定、精确的知识方法。

[单选题] *A观察研究方法B实证研究方法(正确答案)C对比研究方法D规范研究方法11.规范研究方法重点解决客观经济现象（）的问题。

[单选题] *A是什么B怎么样C应该是什么(正确答案)D本质12.（）变对工资率变动的反应程度定义为劳动力需求的自身工资弹性。

[单选题] * A劳动力需求B劳动力供给C劳动力需求量(正确答案)D劳动力供给量13.公司组织向贫困地区儿童捐助,你也十分困难。

中式烹调师四级理论复习题含答案

中式烹调师四级理论复习题含答案1. 下列以水为传热介质制作的菜肴是（）。

A、软熘鱼丸B、清炒虾仁C、西湖醋鱼(正确答案)D、滑溜里脊2. 油发的干肉皮要去除（）以免影响菜品的口感和中味。

A、油味B、碱味(正确答案)C、异味D、杂味3. 焖菜的主要成品特色是:形态完整、（）、质感酥烂鲜醇，少许勾芡。

A、无汁B、略有汤汁C、自然收汁D、汁浓味厚(正确答案)4. 下列为干制品原料的是（）。

A、火腿B、腊鸡C、乌鱼蛋D、木耳(正确答案)5. 直刀法中的切可分为（）种切法。

A、1B、2C、3D、6(正确答案)6. 下列蔬菜中含硝酸盐最少的是（）。

A、菠菜B、荠菜C、黄瓜(正确答案)D、大白菜7. 干货原料经过涨发加工后（）会发生变化，涨发率越高，它的单位成本就会越低。

A、重量(正确答案)B、营养C、口感D、外形8. 白斩鸡的调味阶段是（）。

A、加热后(正确答案)B、加热中C、加热前D、加热时9. 酱制原料需要用（）腌制时，不可单独追求色泽，最大用量不得超过万分之一。

A、硝(正确答案)B、盐C、酱油D、香料10. 酱制动物性原料时，一般是先将原料用有色调味品、盐和（）腌制。

A、香料(正确答案)B、酱油C、面酱D、料酒11. 单位菜点成本是指构成单一菜点所耗用的主料成本、配料成本和（）成本之和。

A、生料B、熟料C、燃料D、调料(正确答案)12. 干货原料涨发的目的之一就是恢复原来的形状和（）。

A、色泽B、数量C、份量D、鲜味(正确答案)13. 菜品售价=原料（）/（1-销售毛利率）。

A、重量B、数量C、成本(正确答案)D、质量14. 菜肴顺色组配使用的原料色相相同，（）可以不同。

A、花色B、光度(正确答案)C、温度D、洁净度15. 酱牛肉最佳选料部位是牛的（）肉。

A、后腿(正确答案)B、胸口C、正肋D、通脊16. 刀工是根据烹调和食用的要求，运用不同的（），将烹调原料加工成一定形状的工艺过程。

B、刀法(正确答案)C、方法D、切法17. 酱制菜肴的酱料、水和（）要同时入锅酱制。

2023年12月第一套英语四级题题

2023年12月第一套英语四级考试题目一、听力部分1. 对话理解1) 对话一：询问出行信息2) 对话二：讨论学术问题3) 对话三：预订餐馆4) 对话四：学生和教授讨论课程安排2. 短文理解1) 短文一：介绍博物馆展览2) 短文二：讲述历史事件3) 短文三：讨论环保话题4) 短文四：介绍特定职业二、阅读部分1. 短文阅读1) 短文一：科技发展对社会的影响2) 短文二：文化差异引发的交流问题3) 短文三：工作压力导致的心理健康问题4) 短文四：大学生就业现状2. 长篇阅读1) 篇一：讨论传统与现代教育方式2) 篇二：谈论家庭与工作的平衡问题三、写作部分1. 翻译1) 英译汉：一封商务邮件2) 汉译英：一则新闻报道2. 作文1) 选择题：社会热点话题2) 书面表达：求职信或投诉信2023年12月第一套英语四级考试题目是一个全面考察学生英语听力、阅读和写作能力的考试。

考生需要在有限的时间内，通过听力、阅读和写作三大部分的考试，全面展示他们的英语实力。

下面将对考题进行解析和讨论。

一、听力部分听力部分是英语四级考试的第一部分，其目的是考察考生的听力理解能力。

本次考试的听力部分包括对话理解和短文理解两个部分。

对话理解包括四组对话，涉及日常生活、学术讨论等多个方面，考查考生在日常交流中的听力能力。

短文理解包括四篇短文，内容涉及博物馆展览、历史事件、环保话题以及特定职业介绍等。

通过这部分的听力考试，可以全面评估考生的听力水平。

二、阅读部分阅读部分是考试的第二部分，主要考察考生的阅读理解能力。

短文阅读包括四篇短文，内容涉及科技发展、文化差异、工作压力和大学生就业现状等。

长篇阅读包括两篇篇章，分别讨论传统与现代教育方式以及家庭与工作的平衡问题。

通过阅读部分的考试，可以考察考生对各种不同领域的阅读理解能力。

三、写作部分写作部分是考试的第三部分，是对考生英语语言表达能力的综合考查。

写作部分分为翻译和作文两个部分。

翻译考查考生的汉译英和英译汉的能力，内容涉及商务邮件和新闻报道。

2022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案

2022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Is it important to live in harmony with nature? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 同意或不同意“与自然和谐相处很重要”，给出两至三个理由或论据。

2. 用一个例子支撑你的观点。

Is it Important to Live in Harmony with Nature?In today’s fast-paced and modern society, there is an increasing disconnect between humans and nature. Some people argue that it is essential to live in harmony with nature, while others believe that it is not a priority in the face of urbanization and technological advancement. From myperspective, I firmly agree that it is crucial to coexist peacefully with nature.First and foremost, living in harmony with nature can enhance our physical and mental well-being. Studies have shown that spending time in nature, such as going for a hike in the mountains or taking a walk in the park, can reduce stress levels and improve overall health. In contrast, a lack of connection to the natural world can lead to feelings of isolation and dissatisfaction. Therefore, it is important to prioritize our relationship with nature for the sake of our own well-being.Furthermore, living in harmony with nature is essential for the preservation of the environment and the sustainability of our planet. Human activities, such as deforestation, pollution, and overfishing, have caused irreversible damage to ecosystems and wildlife. By respecting and protecting nature, we can help mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and promote a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In doing so, we can ensure a greener and healthier planet for future generations to enjoy.To illustrate this point, let us consider the example of the indigenous peoples of the Amazon rainforest. These communities have lived in harmony with nature for centuries, relying on traditional knowledge and sustainable practices tomaintain a delicate balance with the environment. Sadly, their way of life is under threat due to deforestation and industrial development. If we do not take action to protect these valuable ecosystems, we risk losing not only biodiversity but also the cultural heritage of these indigenous groups.In conclusion, I firmly believe that it is important to live in harmony with nature for our own well-being and the preservation of the planet. By fostering a deeper connection to the natural world and adopting sustainable practices, we can create a more harmonious and sustainable future for all living beings. Let us strive to coexist peacefully with nature and protect the precious resources that sustain life on Earth.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.11. M: I’m thinking of painting the walls in the living room a lighter color. What do you think?W: I think that’s a great idea. It will make the room look more spacious and inviting.Q: What does the woman think of painting the walls a lighter color?12. W: We should try that new Italian restaurant downtown. I’ve heard the food there is amazing.M: Sounds good to me. I’m always up for trying new cuisine.Q: What does the man suggest they do?13. M: Are you going to the company picnic next weekend?W: Yes, I wouldn’t miss it for the world. It’s always a fun event.Q: What does the woman say about the company picnic?14. W: I’m so excited for our trip to Japan next month. Have you started packing yet?M: Not yet, but I’ve already made a list of things I need to bring.Q: What has the man done for the trip to Japan?15. M: Did you hear that the university is offering a new course on artificial intelligence next semester?W: Yes, I’m thinking of enrolling in it. It sounds really interesting.Q: What does the woman indicate about the new course?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. How are artists Liv and Joel feeling about their upcoming exhibition?A) Nervous.B) Excited.C) Disappointed.D) Indifferent.17. What does Liv say helped inspire their latest works of art?A) A trip to the seaside.B) A visit to a museum.C) A book they read.D) A film they watched.18. What does Joel mention about the theme of their exhibition?A) It is based on famous paintings.B) It reflects their personal experiences.C) It is about global warming.D) It showcases traditional art forms.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the main topic of the passage?A) Different types of gardens.B) The benefits of gardening.C) A gardening competition.D) Gardening as a hobby.20. Why does the speaker mention the National Garden Show?A) To recommend a place to buy gardening supplies.B) To explain the origins of the gardening competition.C) To highlight the importance of community gardens.D) To promote the benefits of sustainable gardening.21. What impact does gardening have on mental health, according to the speaker?A) It helps reduce stress and anxiety.B) It encourages outdoor exercise.C) It fosters social connections.D) It promotes a sense of achievement.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. How does the speaker describe the Capitol Visitor Center?A) As a historical landmark.B) As a modern facility.C) As a cultural institution.D) As a natural attraction.23. What is the main purpose of the Capitol Visitor Center, according to the speaker?A) To provide guided tours of the Capitol.B) To host special exhibitions and events.C) To showcase artifacts from American history.D) To educate visitors about the legislative process.24. What does the speaker say about the Capitol building?A) It is a recent addition to Washington, D.C.B) It is the tallest building in the city.C) It is the meeting place of the U.S. Congress.D) It is the residence of the President.25. What does the speaker suggest visitors do before exploring the Capitol building?A) Take a guided tour of the White House.B) Visit the Library of Congress.C) Watch a documentary film.D) Stop by the Capitol Visitor Center.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The New Seven Natural Wonders of the WorldIn 2007, a global poll was conducted to determine the New Seven Natural Wonders of the World. The results were announced in 2011, and they include some of the most breathtaking and (26) _____ landscapes on Earth. Among the winning destinations is the Amazon Rainforest, which is home toa diverse (27) _____ of plant and animal species. Another wonder is the Iguazu Falls, located on the border between Brazil and Argentina. These magnificent waterfalls attract millions of visitors each year and are (28) _____ for their beauty and grandeur.Other natural wonders that made the list include Halong Bay in Vietnam, Jeju Island in South Korea, Komodo National Park in Indonesia, Puerto Princesa Underground River in the Philippines, and Table Mountain in South Africa. Each of these sites was selected for their unique (29) _____ features and ecological significance. Visiting these extraordinary destinations offers travelers the chance to connect with nature and (30) _____ firsthand the wonders of the natural world.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages. For each passage, there are several questions followed by four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answer on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.31. What does the speaker say about the history of chocolate?A) It was discovered in South America.B) It was first introduced in Europe.C) It has been enjoyed for over 5,000 years.D) It was used as a form of currency.32. What was the main reason chocolate became popular in Europe?A) Its medicinal properties.B) Its exotic flavor.C) Its association with wealth.D) Its religious significance.33. How did the Industrial Revolution impact the production of chocolate?A) It led to the mass production of chocolate bars.B) It increased the availability of imported cocoa beans.C) It improved the quality of chocolate recipes.D) It introduced new technologies for chocolate making.34. What does the speaker suggest about the role of chocolate in modern society?A) It is considered a luxury item.B) It is used in traditional medicine.C) It is associated with religious rituals.D) It is a staple food in many cultures.35. What is the main message of the passage?A) Chocolate has a rich history and cultural significance.B) Chocolate consumption has negative health effects.C) Chocolate production has evolved over time.D) Chocolate is enjoyed by people of all ages.Passage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the passage you have just heard.36. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) The benefits of yoga.B) The importance of physical exercise.C) The effects of stress on the body.D) The role of mindfulness in mental health.37. What does Dr. Patel say about the practice of yoga?A) It is popular among athletes.B) It requires significant physical strength.C) It can help reduce chronic pain.D) It is not suitable for beginners.38. What advice does Dr. Patel give to people with busy schedules?A) Practice yoga at least twice a week.B) Incorporate mindfulness into daily activities.C) Take short breaks to stretch and relax.D) Delegate tasks to reduce stress levels.39. Why does Dr. Patel recommend yoga and mindfulness practices?A) To improve physical fitness.B) To alleviate symptoms of anxiety.C) To increase productivity at work.D) To achieve inner peace and balance.40. What is the main message of the conversation?A) Yoga and mindfulness can help reduce stress and improve well-being.B) Regular exercise is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.C) Mindfulness practices are more effective than traditional therapy.D) Personal well-being is closely linked to physical fitness.Passage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the passage you have just heard.41. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of volunteering.B) The challenges of community service.C) The impact of social media on charity.D) The importance of giving back to society.42. Why does the speaker mention social media platforms?A) To highlight the role of technology in fundraising.B) To criticize the lack of transparency in charity organizations.C) To promote volunteer opportunities online.D) To outline the benefits of sharing personal experiences.43. What does the speaker say about the volunteers mentioned in the passage?A) They are all experienced professionals.B) They come from diverse backgrounds.C) They receive financial compensation.D) They work for international organizations.44. How does the speaker describe the impact of volunteering on individuals?A) It helps build essential skills for the job market.B) It fosters a sense of community and belonging.C) It provides opportunities for career advancement.D) It leads to financial rewards and recognition.45. What is the main message of the passage?A) Volunteering offers personal and professional benefits.B) Social media plays a crucial role in charity fundraising.C) Community service should be mandatory for all citizens.D) Giving back to society is a moral obligation for everyone.Passage FourQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the passage you have just heard.46. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of reading for pleasure.B) The impact of digital technologies on literacy.C) The importance of libraries in the digital age.D) The decline of traditional print media.47. How does the speaker define literacy?A) The ability to read and write.B) The knowledge of basic arithmetic.C) The understanding of scientific concepts.D) The appreciation of cultural heritage.48. Why does the speaker mention digital technologies?A) To promote online literacy programs.B) To criticize the rise of e-books.C) To highlight the benefits of audiobooks.D) To discuss the changing landscape of reading.49. What does the speaker say about reading for pleasure?A) It is essential for academic success.B) It can improve cognitive abilities.C) It is becoming less popular among young people.D) It is a luxury that should be reserved for leisure time.50. What is the main message of the passage?A) Reading is a fundamental skill that should be encouraged.B) Digital technologies are detrimental to literacy rates.C) Libraries play a vital role in promoting reading habits.D) Traditional print media is at risk of extinction.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1.The Real-Life Benefits of MeditationA) Meditation is an ancient practice that has gained popularity in recent years for its profound health and wellness benefits. While many people associate meditation with spiritual or religious traditions, it is actually a secular practice that anyone can learn and benefit from. Research shows that regular meditation can lower stress levels, improve mental clarity, and enhance overall well-being.B) One of the key benefits of meditation is its ability to reduce stress and anxiety. By focusing on the present moment and quieting the mind, meditation can help calm the nervous system and promote relaxation. This can be especially beneficial for individuals who experience chronic stress or have anxiety disorders. Studies have found that meditating for just a fewminutes a day can have a significant impact on reducing stress levels.C) Another important benefit of meditation is its positive effects on mental health. Meditation has been shown to improve concentration, memory, and cognitive function. Regular practice can also help increase self-awareness and emotional resilience, leading to a greater sense of inner peace and balance. In addition, meditation can be a powerful tool for managing symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions.D) In addition to its mental health benefits, meditation has been linked to improved physical health outcomes. Research suggests that regular meditation can boost the immune system, lower blood pressure, and reduce inflammation in the body. By promoting relaxation and reducing stress, meditation can also help prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. Furthermore, some studies have found that meditation can improve sleep quality and alleviate symptoms of insomnia.E) Beyond its immediate health benefits, meditation has long-term effects on overall well-being. Regular practice has been shown to increase feelings of happiness, gratitude, and compassion. By cultivating a sense of mindfulness and presence, meditation can help individuals develop a more positive outlookon life and build stronger relationships with others. This can lead to a greater sense of connection and fulfillment in both personal and professional settings.篇22022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled How to Achieve Success in Life. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 人生成功的定义：不同人有不同的看法2. 取得成功的关键因素3. 如何实现人生成功Sample Answer:How to Achieve Success in LifeSuccess in life is something that varies from person to person. To some, success may mean achieving financial stability and a high-paying job, while to others, it may mean finding inner peace and happiness. Therefore, it is important to define success for yourself and set goals accordingly.There are several key factors that contribute to success in life. Firstly, determination and perseverance are essential traits to have when striving for success. Without the drive to keep going even when faced with obstacles, it is easy to give up in the face of adversity. Secondly, having a clear vision of what you want to achieve and setting specific goals is crucial. By knowing exactly what you want and how you plan to get there, you can create a roadmap for success.In order to achieve success in life, it is important to take action and work towards your goals every day. This may involve making sacrifices and stepping out of your comfort zone, but it is all part of the journey towards success. Additionally, surrounding yourself with positive and supportive people can help you stay motivated and focused on your goals.In conclusion, success in life is a personal journey that requires determination, perseverance, and a clear vision of what you want to achieve. By setting goals, taking action, and surrounding yourself with positive influences, you can achieve the success you desire. Remember, success is not a destination but a journey, so enjoy the process and celebrate your achievements along the way.篇32022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Impact of Social Media on Communication. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 社交媒体给人们的交流带来了哪些影响？2. 这些影响是正面的还是负面的？3. 你的看法。

2020年12月四级考试真题(1)及答案解析版

2020年12月四级考试真题（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education.You should write at least120words but no more than180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.B)The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.C)Invasive species are driving away certain native species.D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.A)It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.B)It could pose a threat to other marine species.C)It could disrupt the food chains there.D)It could add to greenhouse emissions.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B)Pedestrians will have free access to the city.C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars.D)Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.4.A)The unbearable traffic noise.C)The ever-growing cost of petrol.B)The worsening global warming.D)The rising air pollution in Paris.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)His house was burnt down in a fire.C)His good luck charm sank into the sea.B)Many of his possessions were stolen.D)His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.6.A)Change his fishing locations.C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.B)Find a job in a travel agency.D)Spend a few nights on a small island.7.A)His pearl could be displayed in a museum.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.C)The largest pearl in the world weighs14pounds.D)A New York museum has the world's biggest pearl.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It boasts a fairly long history.C)It has75offices around the world.B)It has over50business partners.D)It produces construction materials.9.A)It was started by his father.C)It is over100years old.B)It has about50employees.D)It is a family business.10.A)Outdated product design.C)Shortage of raw material supply.B)Loss of competitive edge.D)Legal disputes in many countries.11.A)Introducing innovative marketing strategies.C)Providing training for its staff members.B)Seeking new ways to increase its exports.D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)She is a real expert at house decorations.B)She is really impressed by the man's house.C)She is well informed about the design business.D)She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.13.A)From a construction businessman.B)From his younger brother Greg.C)From home design magazines.D)From a professional interior designer.14.A)The cost was affordable.B)The style was fashionable.C)The effort was worthwhile.D)The effect was unexpected.15.A)She'd like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B)She'd like to show him around her newly-renovated house.C)She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.B)Doing research on ear,nose and throat diseases.C)Removing objects from patients'noses and ears.D)Providing routine care for small children.17.A)Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.B)Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.C)Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.D)Many children like to smell things they find or play with.18.A)They want to attract attention.B)They tend to act out of impulse.C)They are unaware of the potential risks.D)They are curious about these body parts.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard19.A)It gave her a used bicycle.C)It delivered her daily necessities.B)It paid for her English lessons.D)It provided her with physical therapy.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.C)Offering walking tours to visitors.B)Providing free public transport.D)Asking local people for donations.21.A)It is a sports club.C)It is a counseling center.B)It is a language school.D)It is a charity organization.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard22.A)How animals deal with lack of gravity.B)How mice interact in a new environment.C)How low gravity affects the human body.D)How mice imitate human behavior in space.23.A)They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.B)They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C)They were not used to the low-gravity environment.D)They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A)They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.B)They already felt at home in the new environment.C)They had found a lot more activities to engage in.D)They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.25.A)They changed their routines in space.C)They behaved as if they wereon Earth.B)They began to eat less after some time.D)They repeated their activitiesevery day.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Trust is fundamental to life.If you can't trust anything,life becomes intolerable. You can't have relationships without trust,let alone good ones.In the workplace,too,trust is26.An organization without trust will be full of fear and27.If you work for a boss who doesn't trust their employees to do things right,you'll have a28time.They'll be checking up on you all the time,correcting "mistakes"and29-reminding you to do this or that.Colleagues who don't trust one another will need to spend more time30their backs than doing any useful work.Organizations are always trying to cut costs.Think of all the additional tasks caused by lack of trust.Audit(审计)departments only exist because of panieskeep large volumes of31because they don't trust their suppliers,their contractors or their customers.Probably more than half of all administrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense that"you can't trust anyone these days."If even a small part of such valueless work could be32,the savings would run into millions of dollars.All this is extra work we33onto ourselves because we don't trust people-the checking,following through,doing things ourselves because we don't believe others will do them34-or at all.If we took all that away,how much extra time would we suddenly find in our life?How much of our work35would disappear?A)constantlyB)credibleC)essentialD)exploringE)gatherF)loadG)miserableH)pressure I)properly J)records K)removed L)stacks M)suspicion N)tracked O)watchingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.The Place Where the Poor Once ThrivedA)This is the land of opportunity.If that weren't already implied by thelandscape—rolling green hills,palm trees,sun-kissed flowers—then it's evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success.People like Tri Tran,who fled Vietnam on a boat in 1986,showed up in San Jose with nothing,made it to MIT,and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery,which is valued at$300million.B)Indeed,data suggests that this is one of the best places to grow up poor in America.A child born in the early1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a12.9percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult,according to a landmark study released in2014by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley.That number—12.9percent-may not seem remarkable,but it was:Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile(五分位数)of income nationally had the best shot in the country at reaching the top quintile. C)By contrast,just4.4percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top;inDetroit the figure was5.5percent.San Jose had social mobility comparable toDenmark's and Canada's and higher than other progressive cities such as Boston and Minneapolis.D)The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious.Some of theworld's most innovative companies are located here,providing opportunities such as the one seized by a12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job.This is a city of immigrants——38percent of the city's population today is foreign-born—and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America.The city has long had a large foreign-born population(26.5percent in1990),leading to broader diversity,which, the Harvard and Berkeley economists say,is a good predictor of mobility.E)Indeed,the streets of San Jose seem,in some ways,to embody the best of America.It's possible to drive in a matter of minutes from sleek(光亮的)office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors,to single-family homes with orange trees in their yards,or to a Vietnamese mall.The libraries here offer programs in17languages,and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants,Mexican immigrants,Korean immigrants,and Filipino immigrants,to name a few.F)But researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well.The cityhas a low prevalence of children growing up in:single-parent families,and a low level of concentrated poverty,both factors that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility.But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility.It is one of the most unequal places out of the741that the researchers measured,and it has high degrees of racial andeconomic segregation(隔离).Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area,said Ben Scuderi,a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard,which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children."There's a lot going on here which we don't totally understand,"he said."It's interesting,because it kind of defies our expectations."G)The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born inthe San Jose area of the1980s.Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today,though,is up for debate.Some of the indicators such as income inequality;measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the year2000, have only worsened in the past16years.H)Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years,upwardmobility has become much more difficult to achieve.As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies,the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket.By most measures,San Jose is no longer a place where low-income,or even middle-income families,can afford to live.Rents in San Jose grew42.6percent between2006and2014,which was the largest increase in the country during that time period.The city has a growing homelessness problem,which it tried.to address by shutting down"The Jungle,"one of the largest homeless encampments(临时住地)in the nation,in2014.Inequality is extreme.The Human Development Index-a measure of life expectancy,education and per capita(人均的)income-gives East San Jose a score of4.85out of10,while nearby Cupertino,where Apple's headquarters sits, receives a9.26.San Jose used to have a happy mix of factors—cheap housing,closeness to a rapidly developing industry,tightly-knit immigrant communities—that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents.But in recent years,housing prices have skyrocketed,the region's rich and poor have segregated,and middle-class jobs have disappeared.Given this,the future for the region's poor doesn't look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as aplace where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed.With Silicon Valley in its backyard,it certainly has the chance to do so."I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success,"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today's America-a land of rising inequality,increasing segregation,and stagnating(不增长的)middle-class wages—can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?K)The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America's ideas about itself.That such mobility has become more difficult in San Jose raises questions about,the endurance of that foundational belief.After all,if the one-time land of opportunity can't be fixed,what does that say for the rest of America? 36.According to some people living in San Jose,it has become much harder for thepoor to get ahead due to the increased inequality.37.In American history,immigrants used to have a good chance to move upward insociety.38.If the problems of San Jose can't be solved,one of America's fundamental beliefsabout itself can be shaken.39.San Jose was among the best cities in America for poor kids to move up the socialladder.40.Whether poor kids in San Jose today still have the chance to move upward isquestionable.41.San Jose's officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessaryfor success in life.42.San Jose appears to manifest some of the best features of America.43.As far as social mobility is concerned,San Jose beat many other progressive citiesin America.44.Due to some changes like increases in housing prices in San Jose,the prospects forits poor people have dimmed.45.Researchers do not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved suchgreat success several decades ago.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Three children in every classroom have a diagnosable mental health condition. Half of these are behavioural disorders,while one third are emotional disorders such as stress,anxiety and depression,which often become outwardly apparent through self-harm.There was an astonishing52per cent jump in hospital admissions for children and young people who had harmed themselves between2009and2015.Schools and teachers have consistently reported the scale of the problem since st year,over half of teachers reported that more of.their pupils experience mental health problems than in the past.But teachers also consistently report how ill-equipped they feel to meet pupils'mental health needs,and often cite a lack of training,expertise and support from the National Health Service(英国国家医疗服务体系).Part of the reason for the increased pressure on.schools is that there are now fewer'early intervention(干预)'and low-level mental health services based in the community.Cuts to local authority budgets since2010have resulted in a significant decline of these services,despite strong evidence of their effectiveness in preventing crises further down the line.The only way to break the pressures on both mental health services and schools is to reinvest in early intervention services inside schools.There are strong arguments for why schools are best placed to provide mental health services.Schools see young people more than any other service,which givesthem a unique ability to get to hard-to-reach children and young people and build meaningful relationships with them over time.Recent studies have shown that children and young people largely prefer to see a counsellor in school rather than in an outside environment.young people have reported that for low-level conditions such as stress and anxiety,a clinical setting can sometimes be daunting(令人却步的).There are already examples of innovative schools which combine mental health and wellbeing provision with a strong academic curriculum.This will,though,require a huge cultural shift.Politicians,policymakers,commissioners and school leaders must be brave enough to make the leap towards reimagining schools as providers of health as well as education services.46.What are teachers complaining about?A)There are too many students requiring special attention.B)They are under too much stress counselling·needy students.C)Schools are inadequately equipped to implement any intervention.D)They lack the necessary resources to address pupils'mental problems.47.What do we learn from the passage about community health services in Britain?A)They have deteriorated due to budget cuts.B)They facilitate local residents'everyday lives.C)They prove ineffective in helping mental patients.D)They cover preventative care for the local residents.48.Where does the author suggest mental health services be placed?A)At home.B)At school.C)In hospitals.D)In communities.49.What do we learn from the recent studies?A)Students prefer to rely on peers to relieve stress and anxiety.B)Young people are keen on building meaningful relationships.C)Students are more comfortable seeking counselling in school.D)Young people benefit from various kinds of outdoor activities.50.What does the author mean by a cultural shift(Line2,Para.6)?A)Simplification of schools'academic curriculums.B)Parents'involvement in schools'policy-making.C)A change in teachers'attitudes to mental health.D)A change in the conception of what schools are.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Picture this:You're at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks.You have a choice of a small,medium or large soda.The small is$3.50and the large is$5.50.It's a tough decision:The small size may not last you-through the whole movie,but$5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous.But there's a third option,a medium soda for $5.25.Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you,but the large is only a quarter more.If you're like most people,you end up buying the large(and taking a bathroom break midshow).If you're wondering who would buy the medium soda,the answer is almost-no one. In fact,there's a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy(诱饵),making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.I have written about this peculiarity in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely,who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions(订阅)to The Economist.The digital subscription was$59,the print subscription was$125,and the print plus digital subscription was also$125.No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price,so why was it even an option?Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two"real"choices were offered,more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription.But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.Brain scientists call this effect"asymmetric dominance"and it means that people gravitate toward the choice nearest a clearly inferior option.Marketing professors call it the decoy effect,which is certainly easier to remember.Lucky for consumers,almost no one in the business community understands it.The decoy effect works because of the way our brains.assign value when making choices.Value is almost never absolute;rather,we decide an object's value relative to our other choices.If more options are introduced,the value equation changes.51.Why does the author ask us to imagine buying food in the movie theater?A)To illustrate people's peculiar shopping behavior.B)To illustrate the increasing variety of snacks there.C)To show how hard it can be to choose a drink there.D)To show how popular snacks are among movie fans.52.Why is the medium soda priced the way it is?A)To attract more customers to buy it.B)To show the price matches the amount.C)To ensure customers drink the right amount of soda.D)To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.53.What do we learn from Dan Ariely's experiment?A)Lower-priced goods attract more customers.B)The Economist's promotional strategy works.C)The Economist's print edition turns out to sell the best.D)More readers choose the digital over the print edition.54.For what purpose is"the bad option"(Line7,Para.3)added?A)To cater to the peculiar needs of some customers.B)To help customers to make more rational choices.C)To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.D)To provide customers with a greater variety of goods.55.How do we assess the value of a commodity,according to the passage?A)By considering its usefulness.C)By taking its quality into account.B)By comparing it with other choices.D)By examining its value equation.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。

[大学英语考试复习资料]大学四级模拟244_1

The only way to solve this problem is to speak English as often as possible. The more we speak, the better we can do it. By speaking more, we will build up the habit of thinking in English as well as the courage and confidence to speak. In this way I am sure someday we will be able to speak English as well as a native English speaker does.[审题] 这次考试的写作题属于常见的二段式作文。
Yet a host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and, at the same time, compels workers to spend more time on the job. Most of those incentives involve what Ehrenberg calls the structure of compensation: quirks in the way salaries and benefits are organized that make it more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra hour each than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job.