英语外研版必修四素材(文章)Module 4 居里夫人
外研版必修四：Module 4 Great Scientists 1 Section Ⅰ
科学家在每个人的心目中都具有崇高的地位。
古往今来，无数科学家的故事都激励着一代又一代人。
你最敬佩的科学家是哪一位呢？下面就让我们一起了解一下中国著名科学家——袁隆平！Yuan Longping, a Chinese agriculturalist, was born in1930.Professor Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in1953 and has devoted himself to agricultural education and research sincethen. He is currently(目前；当前) an academician of the ChineseAcademy of Engineering and Honorary(名誉) President of the HunanAcademy of Agricultural Sciences.Professor Yuan is a pioneer in hybrid rice research and has made remarkable achievements in this area. He first developed hybrid rice in the world. It is regarded as the fifth invention after China’s Four Major Inventions, and is acclaimed(称赞) as the SecondGreen Revolution. The achievements of Yuan Longping greatly solved the food shortage and provided a solution to the worldwide starvation. He was awarded with many international awards, such as Gold Medal Award for the Outstanding Inventor of the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization, etc.As far as I’m concerned, agriculture is very important for a country and food supply is also important for peopl e. We can’t imagine what the world will be like if we lose agriculture and foodsupply. But thanks to some great agriculturalists, many problems about agriculture and food supply are solved. And in this module we’ll learn about a famous agriculturalist—Yuan Longping.Section ⅠIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending重点单词写作词汇1.leading adj.主要的2.figure n. 人物3.publish v t. 出版4.breakthrough__n．突破5.support__ v t. 支持6.replace__ v t. 取代；以……代替拓展词汇cate v t.教育→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教师8.original adj.原来的；最初的→origin n．起源9.agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的10.production n．产量→produce v．生产→producer n．生产者11.export__ v t.出口→import v t.进口(反义词)12.quantity n．数量→quality n．质量阅读词汇13.biology n．生物学14.botany n. 植物学15.genetics n. 遗传学16.zoology n. 动物学17.staple adj. 主要的；重要的18.nickname n．绰号19.breeding n. 培育20.species n. (动物或植物的)种21.yield n. 产量22.convert v t. 改变；转换重点短语1.bring__up培养；养育2.as__a__result__of 由于……的结果3.the__key__to...……的关键4.bring__in 引入；挣得重点句型1.不定式作表语：He thought that the key to feeding people wasto__have__more__rice__and__to__produce__it__more__quickly(拥有更多的大米，并且能更快地生产出来).2.the way to do sth.做某事的方法：He thought there was only__one__way__to__do__this (做这件事的唯一方法)—by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.ⅠRead the text and match the main idea of each paragraph.1．Para.1A．His discoveries have brought in great profit.2．Para.2 B．As a boy, he was called “the student who asks questions”．3．Para.3 C．Yuan Longping is a leading figure in the rice growing world.4．Para.4 D．The yield of the new hybrid rice is much greater than that of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.5．Para.5 E．As a young teacher, he began experiments in crop breeding.6．Para.6 F．He discovered a new type of rice.答案：1－6.CBEFADⅡRead the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.1．From the passage we know that Yuan Longping ________．A．got interested in plants in collegeB．studied in an agricultural school when he was a boyC．asked a lot of questions at school when he was a boyD．began experiments in crop breeding when he was a college student2．In Yuan’s opinion, the only way to produce more rice and to produce it more quickly was to ________．A．increase rice planting areasB．develop a new kind of fast growing riceC．search for a special type of rice plantD．develop a new kind of rice which can give a higher yield3．According to the text we can know that ________．A．rice is grown in most European countriesB．wheat is the most important crop in PakistanC．Yuan’s research was supported by himselfD．Yuan’s rice will be grown in more and more countries4．The last two paragraphs mainly talk about ________．A．the development of China’s agricultureB．Yuan Longping’s late lifeC．foreign countries’agricultureD．Yuan Longping’s contributions to China and the world答案：1－4.CDBDⅢAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1．He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.that引导宾语从句，作thought的宾语。
外研版高中英语必修四Book 4 Module 4 reading The Student who Asked Questions教学课件
Para.5-6
What are the effects of Yuan Longping’s discoveries？ As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries，Chinese
rice production _______47.5 percent in the 1990s.
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Module 4 Great Scientists
Qian Xuesen Marie Curie Archimedes Stephen Hawking Albert Einstein
a. Theory of Relativity b. Father of China’s aerospace c. discovered Radium（镭） d.“therapies of devastating parasitic
He the
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fight over
world hunger. In fact, the next decade, the
demand ands_u_p__p_ly__of the world’s three major _c_e_r_e_a_l_s_:
1. What is the problem mentioned in the video？ 2. Who can possibly ease this problem？
He spoke of the need to jointly fight world hunger. In fact, the FAO has___________, that over the next decade, the demand and _______of the world’s three major ________: wheat, rice and corn, will be______. And, with more than a billion people__________, China has been continually making efforts to increase __________of its predominant _______food: rice.
外研版高中英语第四册Module4GreatScientists(精)
respect mission
encounter qualified
Use the words in the box to describe the jobs.
badly paid well paid
dangerous exciting
intellectual manual satisfying stressful
interesting boring
Eg: A doctor is satisfying, well paid but stressful. A pilot is dangerous, exciting, satisfying, stressful.
volunteer
volunteer
Look at the six pictures on page 11 and discuss with your partner: Where are they? What do they do? What are they doing?
doctor
She is examining a patient.
Module 2 A Job Worth Doing
沈阳市第四中学
隋悦
accountant
barber
businessman
businesswoman
Cook/chef
electrician
miner
policeman
doctor
lawyer
secretary
Secretary General of the United Nations
Journalist Miner Barber ……
1.
最新外研版高中英语必修四课文文本
Module 1 ReadingThe City of the FutureWhat will the city of the future look like? No one knowsfor sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But onething is certain—they are going to get bigger before they getsmaller. In the future, care for the environment will becomevery important as earth's natural resources run out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminium, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had:Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city willload huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towardsthe sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.Forget smoking No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits. Smoking will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors.Forget the malls In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.Recreation All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.Cars All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.Telesurgery Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.Holidays at home Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.Space travel Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.Cultural CornerFamous Last WordsNot all predictions come true. Many of them are wrong, and some are very wrong. Here are just a few of the bad predictions people made in the twentieth century about the twenty-first century:AIRPLANES"No flying machine will ever fly from New York to Paris."Orville Wright, 1908. COMPUTERS"I think there is a world market for maybe five computers."Thomas Waston, chairman of IBM, 1943. CLOTHES"Thirty years from now people will be wearing clothes made of paper which they will be able to throw away after wearing them two or three times."Changing Times Magazine, 1957. MEN ON THE MOON"With the first moon colonies predicted for the 1970's, work is now in progress on the types of building required for men to stay in when they're on the moon."Arnold B. Barach in The Changes to Come, 1962. THE BEATLES"We don't like their sound, and guitar music is on the way out."Decca Recording Co. rejecting the Beatles, 1962. ROBOTS IN THE HOUSE"By the year 2000, housewives will probably have a robot shaped like a box with one large eye on the top, several arms and hands, and long narrow pads on the side for moving about."New York Times, 1966.KEYS"By the mid-1980's no one will ever need to hide a keyunder the doormat again, because there won't be anykeys."Computer scientist Christopher Evans,The Micro Millennium, 1979.Module 2 ReadingGetting Around in BeijingTaxisTaxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise yourhand, and a taxi appears in no time. They are usually red, andthey display the price per kilometre on the window. Youshould check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.Buses and trolleybusesPublic transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded. It's a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour (6:30 a.m.–8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.–6:30 p.m.). Fares are cheap, starting at 1 yuan. Air-conditioned buses cost more.Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You'll have a good view of the rapidly changing city.Most buses run from about 5:00 a.m. to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.MinibusesMinibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas. They run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses. And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours. UndergroundThere are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. Station names are marked in pinyin. The underground is open from 5:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.PedicabsTourists like these human-pedalled "tricycle taxis", but they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.Cultural CornerThe London Congestion ChargeBeijing isn't the only city with traffic problems. You can get stuck in a traffic jam anywhere in the world. The worst problems occur in cities which are growing fast, such as Sao Paolo in Brazil and Lagos in Nigeria. But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer. Los Angeles, which was built with the motor car in mind, and is famous for its six-lane highways, is now theUSA's most congested city.In Europe most capital cities were planned and builtbefore cars, and city centre traffic jams have been part ofdaily life for a long time. The situation in central London,where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues, became so bad that the local government decided to do something about it. In February 2003 the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, introduced a "congestion charge"—a tax for cars entering the centre of the city.The idea is simple: every car coming into the centre has to pay £5 a day. Drivers can pay the charge at any of 10,000 pay points in the capital before 10 p.m. As the cars come into the centre, video cameras record their registration numbers, and these are checked with a list of drivers who have paid the charge for that day. People who do not pay the charge will face a fine of £80.Most Londoners are not happy with the idea. They agree that London has a traffic problem, but the congestion charge is expensive, and limits their freedom ...But does the congestion charge work? A survey carried out at the end of 2003 suggests it does. After only six months, traffic coming into central London was reduced by about 30 percent, and journey times by 15 percent. More people used public transport to get to work, and bicycles were suddenly very popular. What's more, central London shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars.But there are a few people who think the charge should be much higher, for example rich businessmen who work in the city centre and can easily afford it. This would keep even more cars out of central London, and the roads would be nearly empty. However, there are no plans to increase the charge.Module 3 ReadingGreetings Around the WorldIf you say the word "communication", most people thinkof words and sentences. Although these are very important,we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. Indeed, body positions are part of what we call "body language". We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also "learned" body language, which varies from culture to culture.We use "learned" body language when we are introduced to strangers. Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax. So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive. Traditionally, Europeans and Americans shake hands. They do this with the right hand—the strongest hand for most people. If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. So the gesture is saying, "I trust you. Look, I'm not carrying a threatening weapon." If you shake hands with someone, you show you trust them. We shake hands when we make a deal. It means, "We agree and we trust each other."Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they always involve the hands. Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly. Muslims give a "salaam", where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead. Hindus join their hands and bow their heads in respect. In all of these examples, the hands are busy with the greeting and cannot hold a weapon.Even today, when some people have very informal styles of greeting, they still use their hands as a gesture of trust. American youths often greet each other with the expression, "Give me five!" One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. The other person raises his hand and slaps the other's open hand above the head in a "high five". Nowadays, it is quite a common greeting.Body language is fascinating for anyone to study. People give away much more by their gestures than by their words. Look at your friends and family and see if you are a mind reader!Cultural CornerClappingWhy do we clap? To show we like something, of course. But we don't clap at the end of a television programme or a book, however good they are. We clap at the end of a live performance, such as a play, or a concert, to say thank you to the performers. First they give, and then we give. Without us—the audience—the performance would not be complete.The custom of clapping has early beginnings. In classical Athens, applause meant judgement and taking part. Plays were often in competition with each other, and prolonged clapping helped a play to win. The theatre was large—it could hold 14,000 people, half the adult male population of the city, which meant that the audience could make a lot of noise.Applause was a sign of being part of the community, andof equality between actors and audience. The important thingwas to make the noise together, to add one's own smallhandclap to others. Clapping is social, like laughter: you don'tvery often clap or laugh out loud alone. It is like laughter inanother way, too: it is infectious, and spreads very quickly. Clapping at concerts and theatres is a universal habit. But some occasions on which people clap change from one country to another. For example, in Britain people clap at a wedding, but in Italy they sometimes clap at a funeral.Module 4 ReadingThe Student Who Asked QuestionsIn a hungry world rice is a staple food and China is theworld's largest producer. Rice is also grown in many otherAsian countries, and in some European countries like Italy. Inthe rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping,is a leading figure.Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China. As a boy he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname, "the student who asks questions".From an early age he was interested in plants. He studied agriculture in college and as a young teacher he began experiments in crop breeding. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. He thought there was only one way to do this—by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.First Yuan Longping experimented with different types of rice. The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966. Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant. It had to be male. It had to be sterile. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered. This was the breakthrough. Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system. The research was supported by the government.As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990's. There were other advantages too. 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops. Followingthis, Yuan Longping's rice was exported to other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines.In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat and will be grown in many parts of the country. The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping Hightech Agricultural Company of China. Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.Cultural CornerRocketsToday rockets are very advanced machines which we can use to send astronauts into space. They are also used in firework displays to celebrate great events, such as the end of the Olympic Games or the beginning of the new millennium in the year 2000.Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2,000 years ago. The Chinese had a form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make explosions during festivals. Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it. The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air. The idea of the rocket was born.The first military use of rockets was in 1232. The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols. During the battle of Kaifeng, the Song army shot "arrows of flying fire". The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. Soon the Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they introduced them to Europe. Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many rocket experiments in England, France and Italy. They were used formilitary purposes. One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface of water and hit an enemy ship.But not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles. Wan Hu, a Chinese government official, invented a flying chair. He attached two big kites to the chair, and 47 rockets to the kites. The rockets were lit, there was a huge explosion and clouds of thick smoke. When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared. No one knows what happened. Did Wan Hu die in the explosion? Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world's first astronaut?Module 5 ReadingA Trip Along the Three GorgesIn August 1996, Peter Hessler, a young American teacher of English, arrived in the town of Fuling on the Yangtze River. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college. They were the only foreigners in the town. The first semester finished at the end of January and they had four weeks off for the Spring Festival. They could go anywhere they wished. They decided to take aboat downstream.We decided to buy tickets for the Jiangyou boat. Our colleagues said, "You shouldn't go on those ships. They are very crowded. They are mainly for goods and people trading along the river. They don't stop at the temples and there won't be any other foreigners." That sounded fine to me. We just had to show our passports and they let us get on the boat.We left the docks on a beautiful afternoon. The sun was shining brightly as we sailed downstream through a hilly region. Men rode bamboo rafts along the river's edge and coal boats went past. As the sun set we docked at Fengdu. We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda. It was beautiful.We slept through the first gorge, which is called the Qutang Gorge. The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountains. "Oh, well," my friend said, "at least we have two more left."At Wushan we made a detour up the Daning River to see some of the smaller gorges. The next day we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River. It was a lovely morning as we went through the Wu Gorge. We passed the Xiang River, home of Qu Yuan, the 3rd century BC poet. There was so much history along the Yangtze River. Every rock looked like a person or animal, every stream that joined the great river carried its legends, every hill was heavy with the past.As we came out of the third gorge, the Xiling Gorge, we sailed into the construction site of the dam. All the passengers came on deck. We took pictures and pointed at the site, but we weren't allowed to get off the boat. The Chinese flag was blowing in the wind. On a distant mountain was a sign in 20-foot characters. "Build the Three Gorges Dam, Exploit the Yangtze River," it said.Cultural CornerPostcards to MyselfIn 50 years of travelling Colin McCorquodale has visitedevery country in the world, except three. And everywhere hegoes, he sends himself a postcard. He always chooses apostcard with a beautiful view, and sticks on an interestingstamp. Usually he writes just a short message to himself. Hislatest one, from the Malvinas islands, reads Good fishing.On a wall in his home in London there is a large map ofthe world. There are hundreds of little red pins stuck in it. "It's good to get a pin in the map," says Mr McCorquodale, "but I follow the rules. I'm allowed to stick one in only if I've been in a place for more than 24 hours." Naturally, Mr McCorquodale has his favourite places. New Zealand he describes as "wonderful". In Europe, Italy is a favourite place. "There's a saying in the travel trade that all tourists are ripped off. Well, at least the Italians rip you off with a smile." Of China he says,"This is one country in the world which is completely different. There's no European influence. It's been around for 6,000 years, yet it's a country of the future."Wherever he goes, Mr McCorquodale takes with him aphoto of his wife, a candle, a torch, a shirt with a secretpocket, and a pen for writing his postcards.So why does he do it? For the postcards or the travel? MrMcCorquodale laughs. "I do it for the journey," he says. "Iget a kick out of travelling. And all the planning."Module 6 ReadingThe Monster of Lake TianchiThe "Monster of Lake Tianchi" in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, northeast China, is back in the news after several recent sightings. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. "It jumped out of the water like a seal—about 200 people on Changbai's western peaksaw it," he said. Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature, Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its headlooked like a horse.In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim theysaw an animal moving on the surface of the water. Thesoldiers, who were walking along the side of the lake,watched the creature swimming for about two minutes. "Itwas greenish-black and had a round head with 10-centimetre horns", one of the soldiers said.A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. After three or four hundred metres it dived into the water. Ten minutes later the monster appeared again and repeated the action. Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up. Some photos have been taken but they are not clear because it was too far away. Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland. They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes around the world. Scientists, however, are sceptical. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world. It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. In places it is more than 370 metres deep.Cultural CornerThe Universal DragonDragons can be friendly or fierce, they can bring goodluck or cause death and destruction, but one thing is sure—people talk about them almost everywhere in the world. For acreature that doesn't actually exist, that's quite something.In Chinese culture, dragons are generous and wise, although they can be unpredictable. The dragon was closely connected to the royal family: the emperor's robes have a symbol of a gold dragon with five claws. Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour. According to popular belief, if you were born in the year of the dragon, you are intelligent, brave, and a natural leader.But in the west, dragons had a different reputation. The very first text in English, the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf, tells the story of a Scandinavian hero, Beowulf, who fights and kills a dangerous dragon but is himself killed in the fight. However, across the border in Wales, the red dragon which appears on the Welsh flag is a positive symbol, indicating strength and a sense of national identity.Why should the dragon have a different character indifferent parts of the world? Some experts believe it is due tothe animals the myths grew out of. In the west, the idea of thedragon probably came from the snake—an animal which people hated and were afraid of.But in China, the idea of the dragon may have come from the alligator—a shy animal which lives in rivers, but which is usually only seen when there is plenty of water—a good sign for agriculture. So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune.。
外研版英语必修四课文原文(精)
The City of the FutureWhat will the city of the future look like? No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain-they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had:Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.Forget the malls In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.Recreation all forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.Cars All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.Telesurgery Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.Holidays at home Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.Space travel Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.Getting Around in BeijingTaxisTaxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. They are usually red, and they display the price per kilometer on the window. You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.Buses and trolleybusesPublic transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing . There are 20000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get v ery crowded. It’s a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour. Fares are cheap, staring at 1 yuan. Air-conditioned buses cost more.Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldn’t miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You’ll have a good view of the rapidly changing city.Most buses run from about 5:00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.MinibusesMinibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas. They run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses. And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.UndergroundThere are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan. Station names are marked in pinyin. The underground is open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm.PedicabsTourists like these human-pedalled ―tricycle taxis‖, but they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong of old Beijing.Body Language and Non-verbal CommunicationIf you say the word ―communication‖, most people think of words and sentences. Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. Indeed, body positions are part of wha t we call ―body language‖. We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also ―learned‖body language, which varies from culture to culture.We use ―learned‖ body language when we are introduced to strangers. Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax. So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive. Traditionally, Europeans and Americans shake hands. They do this with the right hand—the strongest hand for most people. If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding aweapon. So the gesture is saying, ―I trust you. Look , I’m not carrying a threatening weapon.‖ If you shake hands with someone, you show you trust them. We shake hands when we m ake a deal. It means, ―We agree and we trust each other.‖Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they always involve the hands. Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, we put the right hand over the left and bow sl ightly. Muslims give a ―salaam‖, where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead. Hindus join their hands and bow their heads in respect. In all of these examples, the hands are busy with the greeting and cannot hold a weapon.Even today, when some people have very informal styles of greeting, they still use their hands as a gesture of trust. American youths often greet each other with the expression, ―Give me five!‖ One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. The other person raises his fingers spread. The other person raises his hand and slaps the other’s open hand above the head in a ―high five‖. Nowadays, it is quite a common greeting.Body language is fascinating for anyone to study. People give away much more by their gestures than by their words. Look at your friends and family and see if you are a mind reader!The Student Who Asked QuestionsIn a hungry world rice is a staple food and China is the world’s largest producer. Rice is also grown in many other Asian countries, and in some European countries like Italy. In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Y uan Longping, is a leading figure.Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China. As a boy he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname, ―the student who asks questions‖.From an early age he was interested in plants. He studied agriculture in college and as a young teacher he began experiments in crop breeding. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. He thought there was only one way to do this—by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.First Yuan Longping experimented with different types of rice. The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966. then he began his search for a special type of rice plant. It had to be male. It had to be sterile. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered. This was the breakthrough. Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system. the research was supported by the government.As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990’s. There were othe r advantages too. 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines.In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat and will be grown in many parts of the country. Thenew hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping Hightech Agricultural Company of China. Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.A Trip Along the Three GorgesIn August 1996, Peter Hessler, a young American teacher of English, arrived in the town of Fuling on the Yangtze River. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college. They were the only foreigners in the town.The first semester finished at the end of January and they had four weeks off for the Spring Festival. They could go anywhere they wished. They decided to take a boat downstream.We decided to buy tickets for the Jiangyou boat. Our colleagues said, ―You shouldn’t go on those ships. They are very crowded. They are mainly for goods and people trading along the river. They don’t stop at the temples and there won’t be any other foreigners.‖ That sounded fine to me. We just had to show our passports and they let us get on the boat.We left the docks on a beautiful afternoon. The sun was shining brightly as we sailed downstream through a hilly region. Men rode a bamboo rafts along the river’s edge and coal boats went past. As the sun setting behind the white pagoda. It was beautiful.We slept through the first gorge, which is called the Qutang Gorge. The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile –high mountains.―Oh,well,‖ my friend said, ―at least we have two more left.‖At Wushan we made a detour up the Daning River to see some of the smaller gorges. The next day we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River,home of Qu Yuan, the 3rd century BC poet. There was so much history along the Yangtze River. Every rock looked like a person or animal, every stream that joined the great river carried its legends, every hill was heavy with the past.As we came out of the third gorge, the Xiling Gorge, we sailed into the construction site of the dam. All the passengers came on deck. We took pictures and pointed at the site, but we weren’t allowed to get off the boat. The Chinese flag was blowing in the wind. In a distant mountain was a sign in 20-foot characters.―Build the Three Gorges Dam, Exploit the Yangtze River,‖ It said.The Monster of Lake TianchiThe ―Monster of Lake Tianchi‖ in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, northeast China , is back in the news after several recent sightings. The director of a local tourist office, ,Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. ―Tt jumped out of the water like a seal—about 200 people on Changbai’s western peak saw it,‖ he said, Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature, Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse.In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surface of the water. The soldiers, who were walking along the side of the lake, watched the creature swimming for about two minutes. ―It was greenish—black and had a round head with 10—centimetre horns‖, one of the soldiers said.A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. After three or four hundred meters it dived into the water. Ten minutes later the monster appeared again and repeated the action. Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up. Some photos have been taken but they are not clear because it was too far away. Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland. They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes around the world. Scientists, however, are skeptical. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world. It is 2189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. In places it is more than 370 metres deep.。
外研版必修4 Module4 Great Scientists Introduction and Reading
Lead-in
father of hybrid rice
Lead-in
袁隆平荣获世界粮食奖
Lead-in
“世界粮食奖”每年颁发一次，表彰那些为提高 世界粮食的质量、产量和供给做出重大贡献的人 士。 The World Food Prize is awarded annually to individuals whose efforts significantly contribute to improving the quality, quantity and availability of food in
2014年10月10日在湖南省溆浦县横板桥乡红星村对由“杂交水稻之 父”袁隆平领衔的超级杂交稻第四期亩产千公斤攻关项目进行现场 测产验收，最终确定百亩片平均亩产为1026.70公斤，再创世界纪录。
Lead-in
The Student Who Asked Questions
Thinking
7. The study of all living thingsbiology
biochemistry
Lead-in
How do we call the persons who study these subjects? biologist • biology chemist • chemistry biochemist • biochemistry botanist • botany zoologist • zoology geneticist • genetics physicist • physics mathematician • mathematics
高一英语必修四M4
Module 4 Great Scientists
外研版英语必修四Module4GreatScientistsWriting课件
增加了多少
increase…by…
出口
export
赚得很大利润
bring in great profit
做出巨大贡献
make great contributions to sth
被授予奖项
be awarded…
世界粮食奖
World Food Prize
词块复习
be honored as…
Complete the sentence被誉为杂交水稻之父的袁隆平是中 国最杰出的科学家之一。
被誉为杂交水稻之父的袁隆平是 中国最杰出的科学家之一。他发明 了具有高产量的杂交水稻，成为了 农业的领军人物。
Read the paragraph
出生于,养育于一个农民家庭，袁隆平 一直对植物很感兴趣。 在大学，他主修农业。 大学毕业后，他投身于水稻研究。 在同事和 政府的帮助下，袁隆平做出了重大突破，发 明了杂交水稻，这种水稻在二十世纪九十年 代增加了50% 的水稻产量。 此外，他的水稻 出口到亚洲，非洲，美洲三十个国家，这赚 的很棒的利润。 目前，杂交水稻被种植在全 世界。
Complete the sentence出生于,养育于一个农民家庭，袁隆 平一直对植物很感兴趣。
Complete the sentence大学毕业后，他投身于水稻研究。
After__g_r_a_d_uation_, he _d__e_votes_h__is__l_i_fe__ to_rice research.
词块复习
被誉为
be honored as
杂交水稻之父
Father of Hybrid Rice
高产量
high production
高中英语必修Ⅳ外研版Module4课件(共25张)阅读
Inventions /discovers: hybrid rice __________________________
When did they invent/discover In 1970 __________________________
Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4
Give me a lever long enough and a place to stand, and I will move the world.
居里夫人 (Marie Curie, 1867-1934 )
1.Polish scientist 2.Discovered Radium (镭) and Polonium(钋)
1.German-born American physicist 2.Creator of theories of relativity 3.Won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921 The Secret of Success: A=X+Y+Z X stands for hard work, Y for good methods, and Z means stop talking and get down to work. It was Albert Einstein who changed people’s view of universe.
Zhang Heng
seismograph
Father of hybrid rice
Yuan Longping
Yuan Longping Name: ____________________ Chinese Nationality: _______________ Agriculture Major: ___________________
大学英语综合教程B4U4课文翻译居里夫人
大学英语综合教程B4U4课文翻译居里夫人Madame Curie is a French professor of physics. She was born in Poland in 1867. When she was young, she became in terested in physics. At that time women were not admitted to universities in Poland, so she was determined to go to Paris University and study there. When she was studying in Paris. she lived a very poor life. However, she worked very hard and succeeded in taking a first class degree in physics two years after arriving in Paris. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a very bright scientist, and then they worked together on the research into radioactive matter. They discovered two kinds of radioactive matters—Polunium and Radium. In 1904 she and her husband received the Nobel Prize for Physics. In 1906 Pierre died. Marie was deeply shocked by Pierre's death but determined to go on working. She received a second Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1911. So he became the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes.居里夫人是法国物理学教授。
外研版高中英语必修4《odule4GreatScientistsReadingandvocabula
必修四Module 4 Great ScientistsI. Analysis of teaching materialThis unit is mainly about several great scientists. The reading passage is talking about the great scientist-Yuan Longping, whose great contribution to the rice-growing world. It is the most important part in this unit and it tells students the qualities and great contribution of Yuan Longping.II. Analysis of studentsThis is the forth unit of the book, and students just have learnt some useful words, so, it 's very important and easy for students to understand the passage. Students maylearn something about science and scientists on TV, but they don't have too much knowledge about the topic. So, this unit will introduce something about them. it is also very important for students to learn the qualities of great scientists. So, students need to pay more attention to this topic.III. Teaching aimsA. Knowledge aims1. Improve students' ability of analyzing the given data andexpressing their own opinions.2. Train the skills of scanning, fast reading and careful reading.B. Ability aimsTo help students learn to describe people.C. Emotional aims1. To let students learn Yuan Longping's spirits and his attitudes toward career.2. To let students have a better understanding about science and scientists. IV. Teaching important and difficult pointsA. Importa nt points1」m porta nt words and phrases:staple, leadi ng, figure, educate, agriculture, breakthrough,breed ing.2. Importa nt senten ces:He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more riceand to produce it more quickly.B. Difficult poi nts1. Help them know the words to complete the gaps.2. Let them know the importa nee of the words and phrases.V. Teachi ng aidsMultimedia and blackboardVI. Teach ing procedureStepl. Leadi ng-i n1. Look at the four photos of great scie ntists, and guess who arethey.2. What did he/she invent or discover?3. When did he/she inven t/discover it?Step2. Pre-read ing1. Backgro und in formatio n of Yuan Longping.Yuan Longping was born in 1930 and worked as a scie ntists in Chi na. He was born and brought up in China. As a boy he was educated in many schools and wasgiven the nickname, “the student whoask questionsStep3. While-readi ngRead the text carefully and decide whether the stateme nts aretrue (T) of false (F).1) China produces more rice than any other countries.2) Yuan Longping asked a lot of questio ns whe n he was a stude nt.3) He developed a new kind of rice.4) The new rice is now grown in other countries, such as Pakistan.Step5. Post-readi ngDiscussi on: what can we lear n from Yuan Longping?Step6. HomeworkWrite an essay about rice. Useful words and phrases: rice traditional food staple food grow the way to do sth.VII. Blackboard desig n。
高中英语Module 4 Great Scientists (1)
阿基米德 (Archimedes, 287～212BC)
1.Ancient Greek Physicist, mathematician
2.The law of Archimedes 3.Father of Integral
Calculus(微积分)
Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world.
than either of the original plants
4.Three periods were mentioned about his experiments in the 4th paragraph .
first … then ... finally
5.Vegetables belong to cash crops .
the largest producer
2.He thought the most important thing to feed people was to have more rice.
and to produce it quickly
3.He crossed three different species of rice plant to produce a new one .
• He invented electric bulbs. • He made more than 1,000 inventions during his life. • He once said: “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”
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居里夫人
居里夫人：“唯一不为盛名所颠倒的人！”
无论在世界科学史上还是诺贝尔奖历史上，玛丽·居里都是一个不朽的名字。
这位伟大的女科学家发现了钋和镭两种新元素，成为放射性化学和物理的奠基人；她在8年内连摘诺贝尔物理、化学桂冠，是世界上第一个两获诺贝尔奖的人；其家庭也是迄今为止获诺贝尔奖最多的首个家庭，玛丽之后，她的女儿和女婿又获得一项诺贝尔奖。
玛丽·居里经历过苦难的岁月。
她出生时，祖国波兰在政治版图上已不复存在；当她以金质奖章从中学毕业时，华沙的大学却不招收女生；在巴黎求学时，她更是常常因生活艰难而饿晕过去。
苦难的生活磨砺了玛丽的心志，促使她以更执著的精神投身科学研究。
她与比埃尔·居里结婚时，新房里只有两把椅子，当丈夫建议再买几把椅子时，玛丽说：“有椅子是好的，可是客人坐下来就不走啦。
为了多点时间搞科学，还是一把不添吧。
”
1903年12月，居里夫妇获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
消息震惊了世界，外国科研机构的邀请电、各地发来的贺信像雪片般飞来，摄影师赶来拍照，记者前来采访，拜访者络绎不绝，还有应接不暇的招待会、宴会……居里夫妇被周围的喧闹弄得头晕目眩，他们清楚地感到：生活完全被敬意和荣誉毁坏了。
为了回避好奇的人们，他们深居简出，家门只对几个朋友开放，两人仍旧在破旧的木板房里做实验。
一向清贫的居里夫人对巨额奖金并不稀罕，大量奖金被她赠送给大学生、贫困的朋友、实验室助手、教过她的老师、资助过她的亲属。
至于荣誉，玛丽更是平淡对待。
一次，一位记者前来采访想报道她的事迹，她坚定地回答：“在科学上重要的是研究出来的‘东西’，而不是研究者的‘个人’。
”至于获得的众多奖牌，她更不在意。
一次，她的小女儿正在玩英国皇家学会刚刚奖给她的一枚金质奖章，一位访客看了惊讶地叫起来：“这么贵重的奖章，您怎么随便给孩子玩呢？”居里夫人笑了笑说：“我故意给他们玩的。
我想让孩子从小就知道，荣誉就像玩具，只能玩玩而已。
”
一生朴素的居里夫人常说：“贫困固然不大好受，但富裕却也没有必要，甚至很讨厌。
”有人因此说，居里夫人一直到死“总像一个匆忙的贫穷妇人”。
然而，世界却从她那里获益良多。
丈夫逝世后，居里夫人把他们共同研究的成果、价值100万法郎的镭无偿捐给一个研究治癌的实验室，并向世界公开提镭方法。
他们本可以一夜间成为百万富翁，但他们商定，不要发明带来的一切物质利益，他们辛勤劳动是为了让人类获得幸福。
对这位科学伟人，爱因斯坦评价说：“在我认识的所有名人里，居里夫人是唯一不为盛名所颠倒的人”，“是一尊不被荣誉腐蚀的塑像，矗立在时间的广场上，昭示着公心”。