六年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)+专项训练练习题(答案解析)

部编六年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。

一、读一读，然后选一选
这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last!
Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”
And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third
( )2. Carlos brings some一． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups
( )3． brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( )3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题
这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：
1．There are seven.
2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.
3.Sunday.
4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空
该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画
该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her'
l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

分析
短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解并选择正确的答案。

Long long ago, there was a bad king. All of his people hated him. One hot day, he was taking a walk along a river when he decided to have a swim in it. He was a good swimmer, but while he was in the river, he suddenly fell ill and was dying. At that time two farmers were working in the field nearby. They came over, jumped into the river, and he was saved. They didn't know who was until they pull him out of the water. The king was happy. He said to the two farmer, "Today you have saved my life. Ask for anything, and I'll give it to you. I'm the richest in the world." "Don't tell anybody that we have saved you," the two farmers said together.
（1）All of people ____ the king.
A. loved
B. visited
C. hated
（2）One day, the king decided to ______.
A. take a walk
B. have a swim
C. Walk by the river.
（3）______ jumped into the river.
A. The king
B. Nobody
C. Two farmers
（4）The farmers were _____ to save the king.
A. happy
B. worried
C. sad
（5）The king was very _____.
A. kind
B. friendly
C. bad
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：描述国王游泳被救的事情。

（1）根据All of his people hated him.可知所有人都憎恨他，故选C。

（2）根据he decided to have a swim in it.可知他决定去游泳。

故选B。

（3）根据 They came over, jumped into the river, and he was saved. 可知这两个农民跳进了河里救了国王，故选C。

（4）根据"Don't tell anybody that we have saved you," the two farmers said together.可知这两个农民看到被救的人是国王不开心，故选C。

（5）根据 Long long ago, there was a bad king.可知那个国王很坏，故选C。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。

答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

3．阅读理解并判断正误。

Len was thirty years old and he had very long hair. He lived in a big city. Because of his long hair, he did not find any work. One day he met an old friend, and this man said to him," People in this city don't like long hair. Why don't you go to a barber? He can cut a lot of it off, and then you can get some work." At the barber's Len said to the barber," Please cut most of my hair off."
The barber began. He cut and cut for a long time and then he said to Len," Were you in the army a few years ago?"
"Yes, I was." Len answered. "Why did you ask that?"
"Because I found a cap in your hair."
（1）Len was old, so he did not find any work.
（2）Len often wash his long hair.
（3）Len's hair was short
（4）The barber found a cap in Len's hair.
（5）Len was in the army now.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：一个叫Len留着长头发的男人，因为他的长头发，他找不到任何工作。

一天，一个老朋友建议他去剪掉头发。

Len决定去剪掉头发，剪了很久，理发师询问他是否以前在军队，Len回答是很多年前，同时，很好奇理发师怎么知道。

原来在他的头发里找到了一顶军帽。

（1）句意：Len找不到工作，是因为他老了。

根据原文Because of his long hair, he did not find any work.可知，他找不到工作是因为他的长头发。

故答案为：错误。

（2）句意：Len经常洗头。

根据原文Because I found a cap in your hair.可知，在Len的头发里找到一个帽子，说明Len不爱洗头。

故答案为：错误。

（3）句意：Len的头发很短。

根据原文he had very long hair.可知，他的头发很长。

故答案为：错误。

（4）句意：理发师在他的头发里找到一顶帽子。

根据原文Because I found a cap in your hair.可知，他确实找到了一顶帽子。

故答案为：正确。

（5）句意：Len现在在军队。

根据原文Were you in the army a few years ago？Yes, I was.可知，Len很多年前在军队。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

首先，通读全文，结合题干意思，在原文中寻找对应的句子进行判断。

4．阅读理解阅读对话，判断句子正误。

A: I was busy last Sunday. What about you, Mary?
B: I was on the farm with my uncle.
A：What did you do?
B: I did exercise in the morning. no
A: Were you free in the afternoon?
B: No, I wasn't. I cleaned the farm.
A：Did you watch TV?
B: No. I must finish my homework.
A: I'm sure you were tired.
B: You're right. But I think it was interesting.
（1）Mary was on the farm with her grandfather last Saturday.
（2）Mary did exercise in the morning.
（3）There were some chicks on the farm.
（4）Mary didn't watch TV.
（5）Mary wasn't tired last Sunday.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：两位朋友在相互聊上周星期日所做过的事情。

（1）句意：Mary上周六和她的爷爷在农场。

根据原文I was busy last Sunday.和I was on the farm with my uncle.可知，Mary上周星期日和叔叔在农场。

故答案为：错误。

（2）句意：Mary早上做锻炼。

根据原文I did exercise in the morning.可知，Mary早上确实会做锻炼。

故答案为：正确。

（3）句意：农场里有小鸡。

根据原文At a quarter to eight I gave some food to the chicks.可知，农场有小鸡。

故答案为：正确。

（4）句意：Mary不看电视。

根据原文No. I must finish my homework.可知，Mary不看电视，她必须做作业。

故答案为：正确。

（5）句意：上周星期日，Mary不累。

根据原文对话I'm sure you were tired.和You're right.可知，Mary上周星期日很累。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

首先，通读全文，掌握大意。

结合题干句子与原文相对照，然后进行判断。

5．阅读理解阅读短文，选择合适的选项 It was Spring Festival again. The children were very excited(兴奋的). They got some presents from their parents. Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. Mike was very glad to have the football. He likes playing football very much. Wang Bing likes making model ships. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. He was very happy.
（1）What festival was it?
A. Spring Festival.
B. Christmas.
C. Teachers' Day.
D. Children's Day.（2）How many presents did the children get?
A. Three.
B. Five.
C. Four.
D. Si x.
（3）Who gave presents to the children?
A. Their friends.
B. Their teachers.
C. Their parents.
D. Their parents and relatives.（4）What does Mike like?
A. He likes playing basketball.
B. He likes playing football.
C. He likes swimming.
D. He likes making model ships.
（5）Did Wang Bing get the model ship?
A. Yes, he did.
B. No, he didn't.
C. Yes, he was.
D. No, he wasn't.【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍春节来临时迈克和王兵的一些事情。

（1）细节阅读，根据 It was Spring Festival again. 得知是春节，故答案为：A.
（2）细节阅读，根据句子Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship.得知孩子们得到了三个礼物，故答案为：A.
（3）细节阅读，根据句子 Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. 得知他们的父母和亲戚给的礼物，故答案为：D.
（4）细节阅读，根据句子He likes playing football very much. 得知迈克喜欢踢足球，故答案为：B.
（5）细节阅读，根据句子His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. 得知该问句做肯定回答，故答案为：A.
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。

答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

6．阅读理解阅读短文，并完成短文后的各个小题。

China is a big country. The weather in the south(南方)is different from that in the north(北方). Beijing is a beautiful city of China. In this city, spring is warm; summer is hot; autumn is cool and winter is cold. But in the south of China, it is always warm. In Hong Kong and Sanya, people like to swim in the sea. They can't see snow. In the north of China, people can make snowmen and play with snowballs in winter. People like to spend their holiday(度假) in the south in winter, and in the north in summer.
（1）Is the weather in the south different from that in the north in China?
________
（2）What can people do in the north of China in winter?
________
（3）翻译文中画线的句子。

________
【答案】（1）Yes, it is.
（2）They can make snowmen and play with snowballs in winter.
（3）人们喜欢冬天在南方度假，夏天在北方度假。

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国南方和北方天气的不同。

（1）细节阅读，根据 The weather in the south(南方)is different from that in the north(北方). 得知南北方天气不同，因此作肯定回答，故答案为Yes, it is.
（2）细节阅读，根据In the north of China, people can make snowmen and play with snowballs in winter.得知北方的人们做雪人和玩雪，故答案为They can make snowmen and play with snowballs in winter.
（3）spend their holiday度假， in the south在南方；in winter在冬天， in summer在夏天，in the north在北方，故答案为：人们喜欢冬天在南方度假，夏天在北方度假。

【点评】此类题目在阅读理解中相对较复杂，要求我们在理解的基础上作出分析，要注意用词和句子结构，避免语法错误。