被动语态的基本用法
英语中的被动语态用法
英语中的被动语态用法被动语态是英语语法中一个重要的概念,它在句子中扮演着重要的角色。
通过使用被动语态,我们可以更准确地表达动作的执行者和受动者的关系,或者强调动作的接受者而不关注执行者。
本文将探讨英语中的被动语态用法,并介绍一些常见的应用场景。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”和动词的过去分词构成。
根据时态和语态的变化,被动语态的构成也会有所不同。
以下是一些常见的被动语态形式:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:The book is written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词例如:The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信昨天被寄出。
)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词例如:The project will be completed by the end of this month.(这个项目将在本月底完成。
)二、被动语态的用途1. 强调动作的接受者被动语态常用于强调动作的接受者,而不关注执行者。
这种用法常见于科学、新闻报道等领域,以确保信息的客观性。
例如:The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.(《蒙娜丽莎》是由莱昂纳多·达·芬奇绘制的。
)2. 避免指责或责备被动语态还常用于避免直接指责或责备某人。
通过使用被动语态,可以使句子更加客观和中立。
例如:Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。
)3. 表达普遍真理或常规行为被动语态还可以用于表达普遍真理或常规行为,而不涉及特定的执行者。
例如:English is spoken in many countries.(英语在许多国家都被使用。
)4. 表示无法确定的执行者有时候,句子中的执行者无法确定,这时使用被动语态可以避免产生歧义。
各时态的被动语态的基本结构
各时态的被动语态的基本结构一、被动语态的概念及基本用法被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
在英语中,被动语态通常由“be+过去分词”构成,常用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。
二、一般现在时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。
3.例句:The cake is made by my mother.(蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)The book is read by me every day.(这本书我每天都会读。
)三、一般过去时的被动语态1.基本结构:was/were+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调过去某个时间点或事件中发生了什么事情。
3.例句:The letter was written by her yesterday afternoon.(这封信昨天下午被她写了。
)The game was played by the children last night.(孩子们昨晚玩了这个游戏。
)四、一般将来时的被动语态1.基本结构:will be+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调将来某个时间点或事件中将会发生什么事情。
3.例句:The cake will be made by my mother tomorrow.(明天蛋糕会是我妈妈做的。
)The game will be played by the children this weekend.(这个周末孩子们会玩这个游戏。
)五、现在进行时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are being+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调正在进行的动作的承受者。
3.例句:The cake is being made by my mother right now.(现在蛋糕正在被我妈妈做。
)The game is being played by the children at the moment.(现在孩子们正在玩这个游戏。
被动语态的基本用法
被动语态的基本用法
被动语态是一种常见的语法结构,它可以帮助我们描述一些动作或状态。
被动语态的基本用法如下:
1.被动语态的基本结构:动作或状态的承受者(即接受动作或状态的人、物、物体等)和动作或状态的承受者之间的转化。
2.被动语态的构成:
a.如果是及物动词,则直接在动词后面加上表示被动的词,如be done;
b.如果是非及物动词,则需要加上to be done的形式,如to be read。
3.被动语态的用法:
a.表示动作或状态的承受者:
例如:The window was broke by the ball.(窗户被球砸破了。
)在这个例子中,window是动作承受者,而ball是动作施加者。
b.表示动作或状态的承受者之间的转化:
例如:The teacher gave the students lessons to be studied.(老师把课程给了学生们去学习。
)在这个例子中,students是动作承受者,而lessons是动作施加者。
学生们需要通过学习来转化他们所承受的lessons。
4.被动语态的注意事项:
a.动词的时态和语态:
例如:The cake was baked by my sister.(我姐姐做了一个蛋糕。
)在这个例子中,动词是过去时态,而语态是被动语态。
b.避免滥用:
虽然被动语态可以表示一些动作或状态的接受者,但我们也要注意不要滥用它。
总之,被动语态是一种常见的语法结构,可以帮助我们清晰地表达一些动作或状态的接受者。
我们需要注意其用法和语态,以避免滥用。
被动语态的用法归纳
被动语态的用法归纳被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
被动语态的构成由助动词"be"加上动词的过去分词形式组成。
以下是被动语态的用法归纳:1. 当动作的执行者不重要或不知道时,使用被动语态。
例如:The book was written by Shakespeare.(这本书是莎士比亚写的。
)2. 当重点要放在承受动作的对象上时,使用被动语态。
例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(汽车被修理师傅修好了。
)3. 当主动语态的动作执行者已知,但并不想透露时,使用被动语态。
例如:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。
)4. 当一般陈述中,主语是物而不是人时,使用被动语态。
例如:The flowers were watered yesterday.(花昨天被浇水了。
)5. 当上下文中已提到动作的执行者,但在句子中并不重要时,使用被动语态。
例如:The ring was lost.(戒指被弄丢了。
)6. 当需要避免使用主动语态时,使用被动语态。
例如:Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。
)7. 当主语是“they”,并且在被动语态中不需要注明动作的执行者时,使用被动语态。
例如:They were given a surprise.(他们受到了惊喜。
)被动语态可以提供句子的变换和灵活性,并且在语言表达中常常被使用。
然而,需要根据具体的上下文和句子结构来使用被动语态,以确保语句的清晰和准确。
被动语态(进行时态)
被动语态(进行时态)被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用来表达句子的主语是被动接受动作的对象。
进行时态则是表示动作正在进行的时态。
被动语态的结构被动语态的结构由"be"动词加上过去分词组成。
下面是被动语态的各种时态的结构:- 现在进行时态:am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时态:was/were being + 过去分词- 将来进行时态:will be being + 过去分词被动语态的用法被动语态通常用来强调行为的接受者,而不是行为的执行者。
下面是被动语态的一些常见用法:1. 当执行者不重要或者不知道时:The building *is being* renovated.(建筑物正在装修。
)2. 当行为有很明确的执行者时,但强调行为的接受者:The book *is being read* by many people.(很多人在读这本书。
)3. 当强调行为本身而不关注执行者或接受者时:The problem *is being* addressed.(问题正在得到解决。
)被动语态的注意事项使用被动语态时,需注意以下几点:1. 如果动词不是及物动词或者动作无法被接受,则不能使用被动语态。
2. 当宾语是人称代词时,应将其置于动词之前。
3. 当使用进行时态时,需要使用对应的进行时态被动结构。
示例以下是一些使用被动语态进行时态的例句:- The house *is being built* by a team of construction workers.(这所房子正在被一队建筑工人建造。
)- The cake *is being baked* in the oven.(蛋糕正在烤箱中烘烤。
)被动语态的进行时态可以帮助我们描述动作的进行过程并强调行为的接受者。
在使用时,需要根据句子的语境和需要合理运用。
英语被动语态的用法
英语被动语态的用法英语被动语态是一种用来描述动作或状态的语法结构,其中主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
被动语态常常用来强调动作的接受者或者将行动者置于次要位置。
被动语态的构成通常是“be”动词加上动词的过去分词形式。
例如,主动语态句子'John ate an apple.'可以转换为被动语态句子'The apple was eaten by John.'其中,'was'是be动词的过去式,'eaten'是动词'eat'的过去分词形式。
被动语态的使用有以下几个方面:1. 强调句子的接受者:通过使用被动语态,可以将动作的接受者放在句子的主要位置,以突出其重要性。
例如,'The cake was made by my grandmother.'这个句子中,被强调的是'my grandmother'。
2. 避免指责:有时候,使用被动语态可以避免将责任归咎于特定的行动者。
例如,'Mistakes were made.'这个句子可以在不指明具体责任人的情况下,描述错误的发生。
3. 无法确定行动者:在某些情况下,行动者无法确定或者不重要,这时候使用被动语态更合适。
例如,'The window was broken.'这个句子中,并没有指定是谁打碎了窗户。
4. 礼貌用语:在正式场合或者文学作品中,使用被动语态可以显得更为礼貌和客气。
例如,'Your presence is requested.'这个句子中,使用被动语态可以使请求更加婉转。
需要注意的是,不是所有的动词都可以转换为被动语态。
一些及物动词,如'eat'和'break'可以转换为被动语态,而一些不及物动词,如'run'和'sleep'则不能。
被动语态的用法及例句
被动语态的用法及例句一、引言被动语态是英语中非常重要且常用的一种语法结构。
掌握被动语态的用法和书写方式,对提高我们的英语写作能力至关重要。
本文将详细介绍被动语态的定义、形式和基本结构,并提供一些具体的例句来帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
二、被动语态的定义在英语中,当主语是执行某个动作的对象而不是执行者时,我们就可以使用被动语态。
通过使用被动语态,我们可以聚焦于行为或事件所产生的影响,而不需要强调执行动作的人或物。
三、被动语态的形式要构造一个被动句子,我们需要使用助动词"be"加上过去分词形式(通常以-ed 或-en结尾)。
具体而言,根据时态和情景,"be" 的形式可以是"is"、"am"、"are"(现在时)、"was"、"were"(过去时)等。
四、基本结构1. 现在时:[be (is/am/are)] + [过去分词]2. 过去时:[be (was/were)] + [过去分词]3. 将来时:[will be] + [过去分词]4. 现在完成时:[have/has been] + [过去分词]五、例句下面是一些例句,展示了被动语态在不同情景下的正确应用。
1. 现在时:- 主动语态: He writes letters.- 被动语态: Letters are written by him.2. 过去时:- 主动语态: She repaired the car.- 被动语态: The car was repaired by her.3. 将来时:- 主动语态: They will finish the project next week.- 被动语态: The project will be finished by them next week.4. 现在完成时:- 主动语态: We have completed the task.- 被动语态: The task has been completed by us.六、被动语态的用途1. 强调行为承受者而非执行者:被动语态可以将行为的接收者置于主要焦点。
被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成为:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们的教室每天都被打扫。
我被要求努力研究。
刀子用于切割物品。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成为:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:去年建了一家新商店。
恐龙蛋很久以前就被放置了。
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成为:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:这本书已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
很多国家已经发射了许多人造卫星。
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成为:will + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:我们城市将会建造一家新医院。
明年将会种更多的树。
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成为:情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:年轻的树必须经常浇水。
你的错误应该立即纠正。
门可能被从里面锁上了。
你的作业可以明天交。
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成为:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词。
例如:___正在修理我的自行车。
现在我的自行车正在被___修理。
他们正在那里种树。
现在树正在被他们种植。
1.不及物动词没有被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years。
Dinosaurs disappeared about 65 n years ago.2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
___.3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式。
在主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。
例如:make somebody do something → somebody + be + made to do something。
see somebody do somethi ng → somebody + be + seen to do something。
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by。
被动语态的用法与变化规则
被动语态的用法与变化规则被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要句式,它表达的是动作的接受者或主题是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
被动语态的使用在英语中非常常见,掌握被动语态的用法和变化规则对于提升英语的能力至关重要。
本文将介绍被动语态的基本用法以及常见的变化规则。
被动语态的基本结构如下:be(根据时态变化) + 过去分词 +(by + 动作执行者)被动语态的最基本构成部分是动词“be”的不同时态形式加上过去分词。
同时,被动语态可以使用“by + 动作执行者”来明确指出动作的执行者,但在很多情况下也可以省略。
一、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍事实或客观规律被动语态可以用来描述普遍事实或客观规律,从而使句子更加客观和中立。
例如:- English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世界被讲)- The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.(蒙娜丽莎是由列奥纳多·达·芬奇绘制的)2. 强调动作的承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者,将其置于句子的主要位置,从而达到强调的效果。
例如:- The book was written by Jane Austen.(这本书是简·奥斯汀写的)- The film was directed by Steven Spielberg.(这部电影是史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格导演的)3. 避免主语不明确或未知使用被动语态可以避免或减少主语的出现,尤其在主语是未知的情况下。
例如:- The car was stolen.(这辆车被偷了)- Mistakes were made.(出现了错误)二、被动语态的变化规则1. 时态变化被动语态的时态变化是通过改变be动词的形式来实现的。
例如:- 现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词- 将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词- 现在完成时的被动语态:has/have been + 过去分词- 过去完成时的被动语态:had been + 过去分词2. 及物动词与不及物动词的被动语态变化对于及物动词来说,其被动语态的构成也较为简单,直接在动词后面加上“-ed”形式的过去分词即可。
被动语态构成及用法
被动语态构成及用法一、什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中的一种语态,用来表示句子的主语是动作的承受者,而非执行者。
在被动语态中,谓语动词由be动词加上过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的构成1. 一般现在时被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:The cake is made by my mother.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态:was/were + 过去分词例如:The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信昨天已经寄出了。
)3. 现在进行时被动语态:am/is/are being + 过去分词例如:The house is being painted by the workers.(工人正在给这个房子刷漆。
)4. 过去进行时被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词例如:The book was being read by the boy when his father came in.(当他父亲进来的时候,这个男孩正在读这本书。
)5. 现在完成时被动语态:has/have been + 过去分词例如:The work has been finished by the team.(这项工作已经完成了。
)6. 过去完成时被动语态:had been + 过去分词例如:The book had been read by many people before it was published.(这本书在出版之前已经被很多人读过了。
)7. 将来时被动语态:will be + 过去分词例如:The room will be cleaned by the maid tomorrow.(明天房间将会被女佣打扫。
)8. 将来完成时被动语态:will have been + 过去分词例如:By next year, the bridge will have been repaired for 10 years.(到明年,这座桥已经修好十年了。
被动语态的构成及用法
被动语态的构成及用法被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构,它用来表达动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,而动作的执行者则通常用介词"by"短语来表示或省略不表达。
被动语态的构成主要由以下几个要素组成:动词的过去分词形式、助动词"be"的适当形式和执行者(可省略)。
一、形成被动语态的助动词:1. 现在时态:- am/is/are + 过去分词- 例如:The book is written by him.(这本书是他写的。
)2. 过去时态:- was/were + 过去分词- 例如:The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信昨天被发送了。
)3. 现在完成时态:- has/have been + 过去分词- 例如:The house has been painted by a professional painter.(这栋房子已被专业画家粉刷。
)4. 过去完成时态:- had been + 过去分词- 例如:By the time we arrived, the food had been eaten.(我们到达时,食物已经被吃完了。
)5. 将来时态:- will be + 过去分词- 例如:The project will be completed by the end of the month.(这个项目将在本月底完成。
)二、被动语态的用法:1. 当执行者不确定或不需要强调时,常用被动语态。
- 例如:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。
)2. 如果动作的执行者已经明确或可以通过上下文推测出来,也可以在被动语态中明确表示。
- 例如:The cake was made by my mother.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)3. 在科学或学术写作中常用被动语态以强调被动的重要性。
- 例如:The experiment was conducted by a team of researchers.(这个实验是由一个研究团队进行的。
被动语态具体用法总结
被动语态的具体用法总结1. 什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中的一种时态,用于表达主语是动作的接受者或受事者。
在被动语态中,谓语动词由”be”(根据时态的不同,可以是am, is, are, was, were, has been, have been, had been等)和过去分词构成。
2. 被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构为:be + 过去分词。
例如: - Active: They repair the car. - Passive: The car is repaired by them.3. 被动语态的时态和人称变化被动语态可以根据时态和人称进行变化,即通过改变be动词的形式来表达不同的时态和人称。
3.1 一般现在时的被动语态•肯定句:am/is/are + 过去分词•否定句:am/is/are + not + 过去分词•疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词?例如: - Active: They repair the car. - Passive: - 肯定句:The car is repaired by them. - 否定句:The car is not repaired by them. - 疑问句:Is the car repaired by them?3.2 一般过去时的被动语态•肯定句:was/were + 过去分词•否定句:was/were + not + 过去分词•疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词?例如: - Active: They repaired the car. - Passive: - 肯定句:The car was repaired by them. - 否定句:The car was not repaired by them. - 疑问句:Was the car repaired by them?3.3 现在进行时的被动语态•肯定句:am/is/are being + 过去分词•否定句:am/is/are not being + 过去分词•疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being + 过去分词?例如: - Active: They are repairing the car. - Passive: - 肯定句:Thecar is being repaired by them. - 否定句:The car is not being repairedby them. - 疑问句:Is the car being repaired by them?3.4 过去进行时的被动语态•肯定句:was/were being + 过去分词•否定句:was/were not being + 过去分词•疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词?例如: - Active: They were repairing the car. - Passive: - 肯定句:The car was being repaired by them. - 否定句:The car was not being repaired by them. - 疑问句:Was the car being repaired by them?3.5 将来时的被动语态•肯定句:will be + 过去分词•否定句:will not be + 过去分词•疑问句:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?例如: - Active: They will repair the car. - Passive: - 肯定句:The car will be repaired by them. - 否定句:The car will not be repaired by them. - 疑问句:Will the car be repaired by them?4. 被动语态的用法4.1 强调动作的接受者被动语态常用于强调动作的接受者,将注意力放在接受者身上,而不是执行者。
被动语态的用法(有例句)
一、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。
如:The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有据报道It is reported that…据说It is said that…大家相信It is believed that…有人建议It is suggested that…二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:by Tom.Tom killed him. → He was killed(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意:They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。
被动语态详解
被动语态详解一、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更增强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时能够省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有清扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。
如:The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有It is reported that…据报道It is said that…据说It is believed that…大家相信It is suggested that…有人建议二、被动语态形式:被动语态的核心就是be + done,但be 根据时态有各种变化!1.一般现在时is/am/are +done2.一般过去时was/were +done3.一般将来时will be +done4. 过去将来时would be +done5.现在实行时is/am/are being +done6.过去实行时was/were being +done7.现在完成时has/have been +done8.过去完成时had been +done三、、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)English by lots of people in the world. 世界上的很多人都说英语。
被动语态用法
还有一些动词构成的被动形式也表示主动意义。 这类词组有: be used to(习惯于), be born(出生), be determined(决心,决定), be prepared(准备)等。
hour.
7、现在完成时的被动语态: have / has + been + 动词的过去分词 Some new factories have been built in the city since last year. Your watch has been mended already.
8、过去完成时的被动语态: had + been + 动词的过去分词 He said that some new factories had been built in the city. I didn’t know that my watch had been m在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China.
2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928.
6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1)would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词. She said that some new factories would be built soon in our
被动语态的用法_如何正确使用
被动语态的用法_如何正确使用被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系,那么被动语态要如何使用呢?以下是由店铺整理关于被动语态的用法的内容,希望大家喜欢!被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be 过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
中的被动语态的用法
中的被动语态的用法中文中的被动语态的用法被动语态是中文语法中的一种常见句式,它在表达中起到强调动作接受者或者变化结果的作用。
被动语态的构成是使用“被”字加上动词的过去分词形式。
本文将介绍中文中被动语态的用法,并通过例子来说明其具体应用。
一、被动语态的基本用法被动语态在中文中常常用于以下情况:1.强调动作的接受者或者承受者。
例如:小狗被主人抱回家。
这个句子中,“小狗”是动作的承受者,“被主人抱回家”表达了“小狗”是被动接受了动作。
2.强调动作的结果或者状态。
例如:这本书被翻破了。
这个句子中,“这本书”是状态的结果,“被翻破了”表达了它的状态变化。
二、被动语态的使用技巧在使用被动语态时,我们需要注意以下几个技巧:1.确保主动语态无法使用被动语态通常用于主动语态无法使用或者表达不准确的情况。
例如,当强调承受者时,使用被动语态更能准确表达意思。
2.调整主语和宾语的位置在被动语态中,主语和宾语的位置与主动语态相反。
主动语态中,主语通常是动作的执行者,而宾语是承受者。
而在被动语态中,主语变成了承受者,宾语则成为了动作的执行者。
3.使用正确的时态和语气被动语态的时态和语气应根据句子的要求进行调整。
例如,当句子的时态为过去时,被动语态也需要采用过去时。
三、被动语态的例子下面是一些例子,展示了被动语态的具体应用。
1.张三被小偷偷走了钱包。
这个句子中,“张三”是动作的承受者,“被小偷偷走了”表示他的钱包被动地被偷走了。
2.这个问题被解决了。
在这个例子中,动作的执行者没有明确指出,而是强调了问题已经被解决了这一结果。
3.这篇文章被多家媒体报道了。
这句话中,“这篇文章”是动作的承受者,“被多家媒体报道了”表示它被多家媒体所报道。
总结:被动语态在中文中的应用非常广泛,通过使用被动语态,我们可以更准确地表达动作的承受者或者结果。
正确使用被动语态有助于增强句子的表达力和语言的多样性。
被动语态的基本用法(已整理)
被动语态的基本用法(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态•,主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,汉语中常用“被”“由”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。
如:They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动)(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be上,实义动词始终用过去分词形式。
歌诀:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。
例如:一般现在时:am / is / are +动词的过去分词(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. (主动语态)Rice is grown (by people)in the south of the country. (被动语态)(2)We water flowers every day.Flowers are watered (by us) every day.一般过去时:was / were +动词的过去分词He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动语态)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动语态)含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词(1)You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework must be handed in after class.(2)He can write many letters with the computer.Many letters can be written with the computer by him.一般将来时:shall / will + be+动词的过去分词或者is/are goi ng to+动词的过去分词(1)They will hold a meeting tomorrow.A meeti ng will be held (by them) tomorrow.(2)They will give ple nty of jobs to school-leavers.过去将来时:should / would + be done现在进行时:am / is / are + being + done过去进行时:was / were + being + done现在完成时:have / has + bee n + done过去完成时:had + been + done将来完成时:shall / will + have bee n + done过去将来完成时:should / would + have been + do ne(三)被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
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被动语态的基本用法
一. 何时使用被动语态
1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要
如:Paper is made from wood.
The house is quite old. It was built in 1950.
He was wounded in the fight.
2. 需要强调动作的承受者时
如:Calwlator can't be used in the maths exam.
Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away.
He was awarded first prize in that contest.
3为了使语气婉转,避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态,或由于修饰的需要,使用被动语态,使句子得以更好的安排。
如:The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.
Electricity is used to run machines.
二. 被动语态的构成
1. be+done 可以是被动语态,也可以是系表结构形式。
被动语态中,done可以带by短语,而系表结构中done相当于adj. 不带by短语。
如:The question is settled. (系表结构)
Such questions are settled by us. (被动语态)
The composition is well written. (系表结构)
The composition is written with great care . (被动语态)
The job was well done. (系表结构)
The job was well done by a skilled worker. (被动语态)
2. 许多verbs(broken, interested, shut, worried), 既可以用做adj.也可以在被动语态结构中做过去分词。
句中如果有by,通常是被动语态。
如:I was worried abeutyou all night. (表状态)
I was worried by mosquitoes all night. (表动作)
The glass was broken by Jack. (表动作)
The glass is broken. (表状态)
I was frightened by his ghost story.
She was frightened at the sight of a snake.
三. 不同形式的被动语态
1. 含有直宾和间宾的主动结构,变为被动时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动一般是主语结构的间接宾语变为被动的主语。
如:He showed me his pictures.
I was shown his pictures by him.
His pictures were shown to me by him.
Aunt made me a new dress.
I was made a new dress by aunt.
A new dress was made for me by aunt.
He sent me a birthday present.
I was sent a birthday present by him.
A birthday present was sent to me by him.
2含有复合宾语的主动句,宾补不变。
(1)将宾语变为主语,宾补不变。
如:They call her XiaoLi. She is called XiaoLi.
He left the door open. The door war left open by him.
(2)make, let, have,hear, watch, see, feel, notice. help既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不加to,变为被动,必须加to .
如:My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.
I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.
I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night.
She was heard to move about in her room uptairs last night.
Did you see Jack take away the magazine?
Was Jack seen to take away the magazine?
3. 情态动词的被动语态。
是由情态V+be+p.p.构成
如:They can not find him.
He can not be found.
You must pay me for this.
I must be paid for this.
He can repair your watch.
Your watch can be repaired.
4. 短语V的被动语态
一般来讲,只有及物V才有被动语态,因为只有vt才能有动作的承受者; 但有许多由不及物动词+介词及其他词类构成的短语动词,相当与及物动词,可以有宾语。
因而可以有被动语态,但应注意短语V是一个不可分割的整体。
变被动时,不可丢掉构成短语的prep或a dv.这样的短语有:look after, listen to, look at, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, make ues of,etc.
如:They had put out the fire before the fire--brigade arrived.
The fire had been put out before the fire-brigade arrived.
They will set up a new public school here.
A new public school will be set up here.
5. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义。
.
如:The goods sells well. The door can't open.
6.有些词如want,need,require和be worth后面,v-ing形式为主动,意义为被动。
如:The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.
The book is worth reading.
7.主动语态中的宾语是从句,变成被动时使用形式替代词it.
如:We know that Britain is an island country.
It's known that Britain is an island country.
The teacher said that this book has been translated into several language s
It's said that this book has been franslated into several languages
8. 宾语为反身代词,相互代词及虚词it时,不用被动,只用主动。
如:I will do it myself. The man introduced himself as Mr. Wang.
9. 谓语动词是以下时,无被动。
happen, belong to, suit, fit(适合), have, let, join, fall, last(延长),cost(花费)break out(爆发)appear, burst out(迸发),hold(容纳),lack(缺乏),agree wi th(同意).
10. 据说类动词:say,consider, think, report, know, believe, suggest, understa nd, hope, etc.
如:It is said that… There i s said to be…Sth./Sb. is said to…
11.主动形式表被动
①感官动词:sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem等主语是物时;
②一些vi主动形式表被动含义open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, c lean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc.
③不定式to blame,to let(出租)作表语时,主动形式表被动含义
④表(sth)需要的need ,want,require等后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义
⑤be worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义。