新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language单词短语句型语法提炼汇总

Unit 4Body Language
Section ⅠReading and Thinking ................................................................................. - 1 -
Section ⅡLearning About Language ......................................................................... - 11 -
Section ⅢUsing Language ........................................................................................ - 14 -
Section Ⅳ单元写作.................................................................................................. - 26 -
Section ⅠReading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.多样的，各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样化
3．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的→inappropriate adj.不合适的；不恰当的
4．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；批准
5．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明→demonstration n．集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
6．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
7．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人
8．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇工
9．identical adj.相同的
10．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为vt.& vi.口译→interpretation n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式→interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
11．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.相异的；不同的→difference n．不同；相异
12．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
13．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.给人好印象的；肯定的；赞同的；支持的；有利的
14．bow vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头)n．弓；蝴蝶结
15．waist n．腰；腰部
16．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
17．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
18．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的
19．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.信赖；依靠
20．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
21．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
22．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
23．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
24．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非语言的→verbal adj.涉及言语的；语言的
25．assessment n．评价；评定→assess vt.评估；评价
26．internal adj.内部的；里面的
27．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
28．pose n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿勢vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
29．bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向→bent(过去式)→bent(过去分词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．body language 身势语；肢体语言
2．vary from...to...从……到……变化
3．look into someone's eyes 直视某人
4．by contrast相比之下
5．look down俯视；向下看
6．by comparison(与……)相比较
7．make inferences推理；推断
8．figure out想出；理解；弄清
9．get through完成，干完(尤指难做的任务或工作)；度过，熬过(困难或不快的时期)；通过电话联系上；接通……的电话；通过(考试)
10．break down消除；分解；打破
11．feel down感到沮丧；情绪消沉
12．in favour of支持
13．tend to_do sth.易于；往往；倾向于；有助于
14．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
15．end up(通常指意外地)最终到达；最终；结果
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching_their_body_language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。

2．In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss_their_friends_on_the_cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。

3．And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing_better_than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。

4．Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it?
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
重点单词
1 interaction n.交流；相互影响
典型例句
There is a need for more interaction between staff and children.
教工与学生之间需要更多的交流。

There is an interaction between physical and emotional illness.
身体疾病与心理疾病之间存在着相互影响。

They are experts on human-computer interaction.
他们是人机交互专家。

思维拓展
interaction between sb./sth.＝interaction with sb./sth. 与……的交流；与……相互影响interact vi.交流；相互影响
interact with sb.与某人交流；与某人沟通
interact with sth.与……相互影响
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。

Perfume interacts with the skin's natural chemicals.
香水和皮肤的天然化学物质相互作用。

2 appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
典型例句
It is an appropriate time to make a speech.
这是发表演讲的合适时间。

This is an appropriate request for them.
这对他们来说是个正当的要求。

思维拓展
be appropriate for/to对……合适
It is appropriate for sb.to do sth.适合某人做某事
It is appropriate(that)……是合适的
His clothes were not appropriate for such a season.
他的衣服不适宜在这样的季节穿。

3 approve vt.赞成；认可；批准vi.赞同
典型例句
Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it.
最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准可以发表了。

The government approved a plan to build more houses for the poor to live in.
政府批准了一项计划来建造更多的房子让穷人居住。

思维拓展
approve of sth.赞成；同意
approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth.赞成某人做某事
approval n．[U]赞成；批准
Catherine's mother will never approve of her marriage to you.
凯瑟琳的母亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。

4 demonstrate vt.
典型例句
(1)表达；表露；表现；显露
You need to demonstrate more self-control.
你应该表现出更强的自制力。

(2)证明；证实；论证；说明
These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working.
这些结果有力地证明，我们的运动正在发挥作用。

Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing.
我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。

(3)示范；演示
Her job involves demonstrating new educational software.
她的工作包括演示新的教学软件。

(4)集会示威；游行示威
They are demonstrating in favour of free higher education.
他们举行示威游行，要求实行免费高等教育。

思维拓展
demonstrate sth.表现……；表达……
demonstrate sth.to sb.向某人证明……；向某人表达……
demonstrate sth.to be...证明某事……
demonstrate that...证明……
It has been demonstrated that ...已经证明……
demonstrate against...示威反对……
demonstration n . 集会示威；游行示威；示范；演示；证明；说明
5 witness
典型例句
(1)vt .当场看到，目击；见证
Several residents claimed to have witnessed the attack.
几个居民声称他们亲眼看见了那起袭击事件。

(2)n .目击者，证人 常用搭配：
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ be a witness to sth.目击某事appear as a witness for sb.出庭为某人作证bear/give witness to sth.
为……作证 One witness to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk.
那起事故的一个目击者说司机好像喝醉了。

He decided to appear as (a) witness for the prosecution.
他决定出庭为原告作证。

6 employ vt. 雇用；利用时间、精力等
典型例句
Our company employed about one hundred people.
我们公司雇用了大约一百人。

You could employ your spare time better.
你可以更好地利用闲暇时间。

思维拓展
employ sb.to do... 雇用某人做……
employ sb.as... 雇用某人为……；聘请某人担任……
be employed in doing sth.从事于；忙于做某事
employer n．雇主
employee n．雇工
7 interpret
典型例句
(1)vt.把……理解(解释)为
The data can be interpreted in many different ways.
这份资料可以从多方面解读。

(2)vt.& vi.口译
She couldn't speak much English so her children had to interpret for her.
她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子们得给她翻译。

(3)vt.诠释；演绎(按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色)
He interpreted the role with a lot of humour.
他把这个角色演得十分幽默。

思维拓展
interpret ...as...把……理解(解释)为
interpret sth.for sb.为某人口头翻译
interpret ...into...把……解释成……
interpretation n．理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式
interpreter n．口译工作者；口译译员
8 differ vi.不同；相异
典型例句
differ from...in...在……方面不同于……
differ with sb.on/about sth.关于某事不同于某人的观点。

Customs differ in different countries.
各国风俗不同。

The twins differ from each other in character.
这对孪生姐妹性格迥异。

I have to differ with you on that.
在那一点上我不能同意你的看法。

思维拓展
different adj.不同的；有差别的
be different from...in...在……方面与……不同
difference n．区别；差异
tell the difference between A and B 说出A与B的区别
make a/no/some/...difference (to)有/没有/有一些……关系/作用/影响
make all the difference 关系重大；大不相同
Whether he comes or not makes no difference.
他是否来没有影响。

9 favour ＝favor
典型例句
(1)n . 喜爱，偏爱；恩惠，帮助；赞同，支持。

Was he in favour of the death penalty ？他赞成死刑吗？
Can I ask a favour of you ？＝Can I ask you for a favour?
请您帮个忙，好吗？
Do me a favour to turn off the radio.
帮我把收音机关上。

(2)vt . 较喜欢，选择；有助于，有利于；偏爱。

The president is believed to favour further tax cuts.
人们认为总统会赞同进一步减税。

She always favours her youngest child.
她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。

思维拓展
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ in favour of...支持/赞成……，为有利于……in sb.'s favour 对某人有利，有助于某人do sb.a favour ＝do a favour for sb.帮某人的忙ask sb.for a favour ＝ask a favour of sb.请求某人帮忙
favourable adj . 赞同的，有利的
favoured adj . 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的
favourite adj .特别喜欢的 n . 特别喜欢的人/事物
10 bow
典型例句
(1)vi 鞠躬，点头。

They bowed to the audience in the end.
最后他们向观众鞠躬。

All the people bowed down before the Emperor.
所有人都向皇帝鞠躬。

(2)vt . 低(头)，俯(首)。

常与 down 连用。

She bowed her head (down) in shame.
她羞愧地低下了头。

(3)vi . & vt . (使)弯曲。

相当于 bend 。

The willows bow in the breeze.
柳树被微风吹弯了。

His back was bowed under the weight of the packs.
背包压弯了他的背。

(4)n . [C]鞠躬；弓；蝴蝶结。

He moved aside for her with a polite bow.
他礼貌地鞠躬，退避一旁让她过去。

Liu Xiang made his start like an arrow from a bow.
刘翔起跑时像一支离弦的箭。

思维拓展
bow to/before sb.向某人鞠躬
bow low (to/before sb.) (向某人)深深地鞠一躬
bow down (to/before sb.) (向某人)鞠躬
11 reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
典型例句
We're looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.
我们正在寻找可靠而又勤奋的人。

思维拓展
rely on/upon＝depend on/upon 依靠；信任；信赖
rely on it that...相信……
He is a person that you can rely on.
他是一个你可以信赖的人。

12 trial n.审判；审讯；试验
典型例句
He's standing trial for thieving.
他正因涉嫌偷窃而接受审判。

We shall put the machine to further trial.
我们将进一步试验这部机器。

思维拓展
be on trial在受审；在试验中
stand trial for...因……而受审
make a trial进行试验
13 slightly adv. 略微；轻微地
典型例句
The patient is slightly better today.
病人今天稍好些了。

He was slightly wounded in the car accident.
他在车祸中受了轻伤。

思维拓展
slight adj. 轻微的；微小的
Don't worry.It's just a slight problem.
别担心，那只是个小问题。

14 assess vt.评估；评定
典型例句
That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then
try to discover it.
那就是说，当人们还没有说出全部的真相时，你必须能够做出判断，然后去发现它。

思维拓展
(1)assess sth.at＋钱估算/评估某物为多少钱
assess sth./sb.(as sth./sb.)评定/评价(为……)
assess＋从句评定/评估……
(2)assessor n．评审员/估价员
assessment n．评价/评定
make an assessment of评估/评价
After the flood, they assessed the loss at 10 million yuan.
洪水过后，他们估算损失为一千万元。

15 pose
典型例句
(1)vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
The task poses no special problems.
这项任务不会造成特别的问题。

(2)vi.摆好姿势
The delegates posed for a group photograph.
代表们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。

(3)vi.佯装；冒充；假扮
The gang entered the building posing as workmen.
这伙匪徒冒充工人混进了大楼。

(4)(通常用于进行时)招摇；炫耀；拿姿作态
I saw him out posing in his new sports car.
我看见他开着他的崭新跑车招摇过市。

(5)n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera.
他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。

思维拓展
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险pose as sb.冒充某人
pose (for sb./sth.) (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势
strike a pose/an attitude摆出某种姿态
重点短语
1.vary from...to... 由……到……不等，从……到……变化
典型例句
Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
各个学校的教学方法大不相同。

思维拓展
vary in sth.在某方面不同/有差异
vary with随……变化/改变
vary between...and...从……到……不等
various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
varied adj.各种各样的；变化的
variety n．不同种类；多样化
a variety of＝varieties of种种
2 figure out
典型例句
(1)弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
I can't figure out how to do this.
我弄不懂怎么做这件事。

(2)计算(数量或成本)
Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
旅行要花多少费用你计算出来没有？
思维拓展
figure on计划；打算；预料到
it/that figures有道理；合乎情理
watch one's figure注意保持体形
3 break down
典型例句
(1)vi.(机器)出故障，(车辆)抛锚，损坏
The car broke down on the way to the airport.
车子在去机场的路上抛锚了。

(2)vi.(身体)垮掉
Your health will break down if you work too hard.
若工作太累，你的身体会垮的。

(3)vi.(谈判等)失败，破裂
The peace talk broke down with no agreement reached.
和平会谈失败，没有达成任何协议。

4 in favour of 赞同；支持；赞成
典型例句
I'm all in favour of equal pay for equal work.
我完全支持同工同酬。

I talked to Susan about it, and she's all in favour of going.
我与苏珊谈了这件事，她完全赞同离开。

思维拓展
(1)be in/out of favour (with sb.)
＝be in/out of sb.'s favour 得到/失去某人的尊重、赞同等in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb.帮某人忙
owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情
(2)favourable adj.喜爱的；赞同的
I'll ask Tom to take it.He owes me a favour.
我要请汤姆接受。

他欠我一个人情。

Could you do me a favour and turn off the light?
请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？
(3)in＋名词＋of短语
in search of 寻找
in need of 需要
in place of 代替
in memory of 为了纪念
in case of 万一
in terms of 就……而言；在……方面
in possession of 占有
in charge of 主管；负责
in praise of 赞扬；表扬
in view of 鉴于；考虑到
5.get through 设法联系上尤指打通电话；设法做完；通过；度过
典型例句
I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn't get through.
我试图给女朋友打电话，可是打不通。

If you keep disturbing him, he will never get through his work.
如果你一直打扰他，他永远也做不完他的工作。

It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs.
我们通过海关只花了几分钟时间。

思维拓展
(1)get across 被理解；使人了解
get down to 认真地静下心(工作)(to 为介词)
get over 克服
get on 进展；进步
get in 收获
get around/round 到处走动；传播出去
Your meaning didn't really get across.
你的意思并未真正被别人理解。

(2)go through 检查；经历
pass through 从……中穿过；走过……中
look through 浏览；仔细查看
see through 看穿；识破
live through 活过(一段时间)；经过……后仍然活着
break through 突破(障碍)
Ms Chen is going through the students' papers.
陈老师正在检查学生们的论文。

6 straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
典型例句
I told them to straighten up.
我叫他们挺起身子来。

From ingrained habit he paused to straighten up the bed.
出于长期的习惯，他停下来整理床铺。

思维拓展
straighten out(使)变直；(使)变正；理清，整顿(混乱的局面)
straight away立刻；马上
重点句型
1.We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以了解他们在想什么。

句式分析
by doing表示方式，意为“凭借；通过”。

He makes a living by doing odd jobs.
他靠做临时的工作来谋生。

2.In countries like France and Russia，people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊。

句式分析
kiss their friends on the cheek 属于“动词＋sb.＋in/on/by＋the＋身体部位”结构，该结构用来表示接触某人身体的某一部位。

Don't hit him in the face.
不要打他的脸。

The angry father caught his son by the arm.
那个生气的父亲拽住了他儿子的胳膊。

The naughty boy hit the man on the nose.
那个淘气的男孩儿打中了那个人的鼻子。

3.Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it？
你能描述一个当你不是真心的时候你可能会微笑的情况吗？
句式分析
当先行词为抽象地点名词case,situation,position,atmosphere,stage,activity, family和point 等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。

The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。

Section ⅡLearning About Language
v．-ing形式作宾语和表语
考点一v．-ing形式作宾语
v．-ing形式可作动词(短语)的宾语和介词的宾语，我们在此重点讲解前者的用法。

1．在admit, avoid, consider(考虑), enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine，mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。

I often practise listening and speaking.
我经常练习听和说。

Do you mind passing me that dictionary?
你介意递给我那本词典吗？
2．在动词短语give up ，put off ，get to(着手)，object to ，look forward to ，devote oneself to ，can't help(禁不住)等后用动名词作宾语。

I object to being scolded for the trivial matter like this.
我反对因这样的小事而受人责备。

Everyone was looking forward to returning home.
大家都盼望着回家。

[巧学妙记]
巧记后接动名词作宾语的及物动词(短语)：
建议，考虑，坚持练(suggest ，advise ，consider ，insist on ，practise)，
允许，想象，弃冒险(permit ，allow ，imagine ，give up ，risk)，
阻止，抵抗，否逃脱(prevent ，resist ，deny ，escape)，
不禁，介意，保持完(can't help ，mind ，keep ，finish)，
耽误，推迟，求原谅(delay ，put off ，require ，forgive ，excuse)，
承认，错过，欣喜欢(admit ，miss ，appreciate ，enjoy)。

3．动词begin ，start ，continue 等后既可跟不定式，又可跟动名词作宾语，意义基本相同。

但begin ，start ，continue 本身用于进行时或后接realize ，wonder 等表心理活动的词时，常用不定式作宾语。

I was allowed to continue using the library.
我获准继续使用该图书馆。

They continued to meet every week.
他们继续每周见面。

4．动词love ，like ，hate ，prefer 等后可跟动名词和不定式作宾语，但接动名词表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作。

He likes swimming.
他喜欢游泳。

He doesn't like to swim this afternoon.
今天下午他不愿去游泳。

5．一些动词(短语)后既可跟动名词作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别。

这些动词(短语)有：
⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧ go on doing sth.继续干同一件事go on to do sth.接着干另一件事 ⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧ forget doing sth.忘记干过某事forget to do sth.忘记要干某事 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
try doing sth.试着做某事try to do sth.努力做某事
⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧ remember doing sth.记得干过某事remember to do sth.记住要干某事 ⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧ mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
can't help to do sth.不能帮忙做某事can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 I meant to tell you the truth ，but it was too late.
我本打算告诉你真相的，但是太晚了。

Missing the train means waiting for another hour.
错过那班火车意味着再等一个小时。

I'll try to learn Spanish.
我要努力学习西班牙语。

Why not try going by boat?
为什么不试着坐船去呢？
Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗？
6．need ，want ，require 后作宾语的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。

need/want/require doing ＝need/want/require to be done 。

Your house needs repairing.(＝Your house needs to be repaired.)你的房子需要修理。

Your coat wants washing.(＝Your coat wants to be washed.)
你的外套该洗了。

注意：v .-ing 的复合结构作宾语。

形式有：
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ ①形容词性物主代词＋动名词②名词's ＋动名词③人称代词宾格＋动名词④名词＋动名词
I knew nothing about the window being open.
我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。

考点二 v ．-ing 作表语
1．动名词作表语
作表语的动名词所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，且主语和表语可以换位。

What I am tired of is waiting here alone.
我厌烦独自在这里等。

My job is teaching you English.
我的工作是教你们英语。

2．现在分词作表语
作表语的现在分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。

The result of the accident is shocking.
这一事故的后果令人震惊。

The argument is very convincing.
这一论据很有说服力。

Section ⅢUsing Language
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
2．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
3．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→education n．教育→educate vt.教育4．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n．钩号
5．tendency n．趋势；倾向
6．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
7．imply vt.意味着；暗示
8．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
9．chin n．下巴
10．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupation n．职业；占据
11．stare vi.盯着看；凝视n．凝视
12．ceiling n．天花板；上限
13．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
14．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
15．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别
16．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.焦虑的；担心的
17．chest n．胸部；胸腔
18．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬
19．ashamed adj.羞愧的；惭愧的
20．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
21．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心n．麻烦；不便
22．weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪
23．conflict n．& vi.矛盾；冲突
24．inquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
25．ultimately adv.最终；最后
26．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n．适应；调整27．intervene vi.干预；介入
28．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；回应
29．component n．组成部分；零件
30．tone n．语气；腔调；口吻
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．make sense有道理；讲得通
2．go on进行；发生
3．at the same time同时；然而
4．in other words换句话说；也就是说
5．call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
6．at work有某种影响；在工作
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．It_is_as_though they are asleep with_their_eyes_open.
他们好像睁着眼在睡觉。

2．While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。

3．Their body language lets me know when_to_adjust_class_activities，when_to_intervene，and_when_to_talk_to_students_individually,_so they can all get the most out of school.
他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该介入，什么时候该单独和学生谈话，这样他们就能从学校里得到最大的收获。

重点单词
1 reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
典型例句
The report reveals (that) the company made a loss of ￡20 million last year.
报告显示，公司去年亏损2 000万英镑。

He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth.
他笑了起来，露出一排洁白的牙齿。

思维拓展
reveal sth.to sb.把某事透漏给某人
reveal that...显示……
2 clarify vt.澄清；阐明；净化vi.澄清；清楚；明白；易懂
典型例句
You can clarify this question if you study British history.
如果你学习英国历史，就能弄清楚这个问题。

思维拓展
clarify one's position/stand阐明某人的立场
clarify matters 澄清真相
clarification n. 澄清；阐明
The piece of evidence will help to clarify matters.
这条证据将有助于澄清真相。

3 tick vt.给试卷、问题等打钩号vi.钟表等发出嘀嗒声
典型例句
The clock ticked away the minutes.
钟表显示时间一分一秒地过去。

思维拓展
tick sb./sth.off 给……画上钩；给……打对号
Tick all the questions off，please.
把所有的问题标出来。

4 tendency n.倾向；趋势；性情；偏好
典型例句
Measures must be taken to stop this tendency.
必须采取措施来阻止这种倾向。

She showed her musical tendency at an early age.
她从小就显露出音乐偏好。

思维拓展
have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向
You will have a tendency to grow fat.
你有发胖的倾向。

5 occupy vt.
典型例句
(1)占据(时间、空间等)
Family affairs occupy most of her free time.
家庭事务占用了她大部分闲暇时间。

The bed occupied too much room.这床占地方太大了。

(2)(军事)占领
The army occupied the enemy's capital.
军队占领了敌人的首都。

(3)占有(房屋、土地)
They occupy the house next door.他们住在隔壁。

(4)任职
My sister occupies an important position in her firm.
我姐姐在她的公司担任要职。

思维拓展
occupation n．占用；职业；消遣
occupied adj.使用中；忙碌的
be fully occupied忙得不可开交
occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于……
be occupied with sth./in doing sth.忙于；全神贯注于；从事6 stare
典型例句
(1)vi.盯着看；凝视
It's rude to stare at others.
盯着别人看是不礼貌的。

He stared at the girl, trying to remember who she was.
他盯着这个女孩，努力想记起她是谁。

(2)n.凝视
She gave him a blank stare.
她面无表情地直视着他。

易混辨析
stare at, glare at, glance at, look at
stare at “盯着看；凝视”，表示因好奇、惊讶而睁大眼睛看，强调长时间盯着看，有时含有无礼或粗鲁的意味。

glare at “怒视”，表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性地瞪眼睛”的意思。

glance at “瞥见”，强调“匆匆”和“瞥”，表示动作的短暂。

look at “看着”，无感情色彩，强调动作。

那个女孩对着那张空白纸凝视了几秒钟。

The teacher glared at the boys when they laughed loudly at class.
当男孩子们在课堂上大笑时，老师怒视着他们。

The man glanced nervously at his watch.
那人紧张地看了一眼手表。

The men all turned to look at her as she entered the room.
她走进房间时，所有男士都转过来朝她看。

7 distract vt.分散注意力；使分心
典型例句
You're distracting me from my work.
你使我不能专心工作。

Don't talk to her—she's very easily distracted.
不要同她讲话——她的注意力很容易分散。

思维拓展
distract sb./sth. (from sth.)使某人/某物从某事中分心；使某人/某物不能专心于某事distraction n．分散注意力的事；使人分心的事；娱乐；消遣
distracted adj.注意力分散的；思想不集中的
8 perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
典型例句
I perceived a change in his behaviour.
我注意到他举止有些改变。

This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.
这一发现被视为一项重大突破。

9.distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别
典型例句
Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish.
有时候现实和梦幻很难区分。

思维拓展
(1)distinguish oneself 使自己扬名
distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from使……有别于……；使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish...by...以……为特征
(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的
be distinguished for...因……而出名
be distinguished as...作为……而出名
distinguishable adj.可区别的
(3)tell the differences between...把……与……区分开
tell...from...把……与……区分开
She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.
作为运动员她已享有盛名。

You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
你应学会明辨是非。

The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.
这对孪生儿长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。

He is distinguished for his knowledge of linguistics.
他因语言学的知识而著名。

It was hard to tell the difference between the two versions.
很难分辨出这两个版本有什么区别。

I believe he is able to tell the true from the false.
我相信他能辨别真假。

特别提示
“Chen Yunlin distinguished(distinguishable) himself during the visit to Taiwan，” Wang Yi remarked.
10 anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的
典型例句
She was anxious for them all to leave her room.
她渴望他们全都离开她的房间。

We were anxious that everyone (should) know the truth.
我们渴望人人都了解实情。

思维拓展
be anxious for/about(＝be worried/concerned about)为……担心/担忧
be anxious for(＝be eager for/be keen on)渴望……
be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.渴望(某人)做……
be anxious that...渴望……(从句谓语用should do，should可以省略)
anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地
anxiety n．担心；忧虑；渴望
with anxiety焦虑地
anxiety for对……的渴望
anxiety about/over对……的忧虑
anxiety to do sth.对做某事的渴望
11 embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的
典型例句
She is embarrassed about her weight.
她因自己的体重而尴尬。

He felt embarrassed as being the centre of attention.
成为关注的焦点使他觉得尴尬。

易混辨析
embarrassed，embarrassing
embarrassed“尴尬的，陷入困境的”，修饰人。

embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，修饰事物。

I've never felt so embarrassed in my life.
在我的一生中我从未感到如此尴尬。

It can be embarrassing to have a child say what he does not want to.
要一个孩子说他不愿意说的东西令人尴尬。

12 ashamed adj.感到羞愧的，感到羞耻的
典型例句
She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour.
她对自己的行为深感羞愧。

Tom was ashamed that he had lost his temper.
汤姆因自己发脾气感到内疚。

思维拓展
be ashamed of...因……而感到羞愧
be ashamed that...对……感到惭愧
be ashamed to do sth.耻于干某事；不情愿干某事
shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
shameful adj.可耻的，不体面的
shameless adj.不知羞耻的
13 merely adv.仅仅；只是；只不过
典型例句
They are not merely content with filling the stomach.
他们不仅仅满足于填饱肚子。

You can't blame me for that because I merely want to find out the truth.
你不能为那件事情责怪我，因为我只不过想搞清楚事情真相。

思维拓展
mere adj.仅仅的
It took her a mere 20 minutes to win.
她只花了20分钟就赢了。