测绘工程专业英语Unit 2
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß 16
May 2007May 2007
Singapore English
Chinese-style interjections ay yaah! to express surprise or exasperation
ay yor! to express pain or wonder or both
Unit 2
What does “Englishes” here refer to?
---- The title “Englishes” in its plural form refers to the various styles of English.
Each of us works not just with one English but with many Englishes… As for those who speak English, we have
ay yer! indicating a reaction to something unpleasant and maybe unexptected che! expressing irritation or regret
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
close meaning 'put off' → Close the light.
Style is….
How Do We Discuss Writing Style?
• And just like we can talk about these other types of style using specific language, such as rap that is broken down into old school, gangsta, hip-hop, etc., writing style can be discussed through a few key factors: • Diction • Syntax • Tone • Use of Figurative Language
A Different English: Singapore English
Chinese influence Chinese particles la(h) and aa/ah used to express emphasis and emotion
la(h) as a token of informal intimacy → Can you come tonight? Can lah/Cannot lah
present-tense inflection -s This radio sound good. past-tense inflection -ed/-t ask for asked and slep for slept
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
The cuddly kitten nestled down on my lap the moment I sat down on the couch.
That mangy furball flopped down on my lap before I could even sit down.
Figurative Language
American English, Australian English, British English, Indian English, and so on.
As for different purposes, we have business
English, commercial English, diplomatic English, medical English, scientific English, technical English, legal English, journalistic English and so on.
17
Singapore English - Pronounciation
vowels in words such as take, so and dare are often single vowels as in Scottish English and not diphthongs as in RP reduction of final consonant clusters to one spoken consonant juss for 'just' tol for 'told' slep for 'slept'
aa/ah in yes-no questions → You wait me, aa? instead of Will you wait for me? I come tonight, ah? instead of Should I come tonight? You think I scared of you, ah?
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
21
Singapore English - Vocabulary
English words with re-applied meanings send meaning 'take' → I will send you home. open meaning 'put on' → Open the light.
I read my text book carefully because I knew that my teacher would test us on the material. Anticipating that my teacher would test us on the material, I read my text book carefully. I read my text book carefully, knowing that my teacher would test us on the material.
The bear growled as he approach beast’s vicious snarl thundered through our tent.
Syntax
• Syntax refers to the way that a writer arranges his/her words in a sentence. • Note the differences in syntax in the following sentences:
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß 18
May 2007May 2007
Singapore English - Grammar
tendency of omitting articles You have pen or not?
plural inflection -s I got two sister and three brother.
19
Singapore English - Grammar
direct and indirect objects are often placed first
→ Me you don't give it to. instead of You didn't give it to me.
also used more often than too, especially at the end of a sentence → But we are supposed to learn Chinese also.
Diction
• Diction is a writer’s choice of words. (think diction-ary) • To note the importance of diction, consider the difference between the following sentences:
Examples of Figurative Language
#1 His thoughts tumbled in his head, making and breaking alliances like clothes in a dryer without Cling Free #2 The little boat gently drifted across the pond exactly the way a bowling ball wouldn't. #3 It was an American tradition, like fathers chasing kids around with power tools.
As for the styles of a language, we have formal
English, informal English, and colloquial English.
STYLE
• What Distinguishes One Piece of Writing From the Next
• Figurative language refers to any word or phrase that describes one thing in terms of something else • Examples= metaphor, simile, personification, symbolism
Carefully I read my text book--I knew that my teacher would test us on the material.
Etc., etc., etc………
Tone
• Tone refers to the writer’s attitude toward the reader and/or subject of writing • Note the difference in tone in the following sentences:
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
20
Singapore English - Grammar
ways of checking if someone agrees or disagrees or can or cannot do something are pretty informal Are you coming? Yes or not? Like it or not? Are you going? Can or not? Enough or not?
There Are Many Types of Style
• • • • Clothing Style Music Style Hairstyle Performance style • Artistic style
• Just like styles of clothing, hair, music, etc.,represent differences in the people who create them, different styles of writing feature aspects of the writer’s personality, background, preferences, strengths, and other defining elements.
May 2007May 2007
Singapore English
Chinese-style interjections ay yaah! to express surprise or exasperation
ay yor! to express pain or wonder or both
Unit 2
What does “Englishes” here refer to?
---- The title “Englishes” in its plural form refers to the various styles of English.
Each of us works not just with one English but with many Englishes… As for those who speak English, we have
ay yer! indicating a reaction to something unpleasant and maybe unexptected che! expressing irritation or regret
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
close meaning 'put off' → Close the light.
Style is….
How Do We Discuss Writing Style?
• And just like we can talk about these other types of style using specific language, such as rap that is broken down into old school, gangsta, hip-hop, etc., writing style can be discussed through a few key factors: • Diction • Syntax • Tone • Use of Figurative Language
A Different English: Singapore English
Chinese influence Chinese particles la(h) and aa/ah used to express emphasis and emotion
la(h) as a token of informal intimacy → Can you come tonight? Can lah/Cannot lah
present-tense inflection -s This radio sound good. past-tense inflection -ed/-t ask for asked and slep for slept
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
The cuddly kitten nestled down on my lap the moment I sat down on the couch.
That mangy furball flopped down on my lap before I could even sit down.
Figurative Language
American English, Australian English, British English, Indian English, and so on.
As for different purposes, we have business
English, commercial English, diplomatic English, medical English, scientific English, technical English, legal English, journalistic English and so on.
17
Singapore English - Pronounciation
vowels in words such as take, so and dare are often single vowels as in Scottish English and not diphthongs as in RP reduction of final consonant clusters to one spoken consonant juss for 'just' tol for 'told' slep for 'slept'
aa/ah in yes-no questions → You wait me, aa? instead of Will you wait for me? I come tonight, ah? instead of Should I come tonight? You think I scared of you, ah?
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
21
Singapore English - Vocabulary
English words with re-applied meanings send meaning 'take' → I will send you home. open meaning 'put on' → Open the light.
I read my text book carefully because I knew that my teacher would test us on the material. Anticipating that my teacher would test us on the material, I read my text book carefully. I read my text book carefully, knowing that my teacher would test us on the material.
The bear growled as he approach beast’s vicious snarl thundered through our tent.
Syntax
• Syntax refers to the way that a writer arranges his/her words in a sentence. • Note the differences in syntax in the following sentences:
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß 18
May 2007May 2007
Singapore English - Grammar
tendency of omitting articles You have pen or not?
plural inflection -s I got two sister and three brother.
19
Singapore English - Grammar
direct and indirect objects are often placed first
→ Me you don't give it to. instead of You didn't give it to me.
also used more often than too, especially at the end of a sentence → But we are supposed to learn Chinese also.
Diction
• Diction is a writer’s choice of words. (think diction-ary) • To note the importance of diction, consider the difference between the following sentences:
Examples of Figurative Language
#1 His thoughts tumbled in his head, making and breaking alliances like clothes in a dryer without Cling Free #2 The little boat gently drifted across the pond exactly the way a bowling ball wouldn't. #3 It was an American tradition, like fathers chasing kids around with power tools.
As for the styles of a language, we have formal
English, informal English, and colloquial English.
STYLE
• What Distinguishes One Piece of Writing From the Next
• Figurative language refers to any word or phrase that describes one thing in terms of something else • Examples= metaphor, simile, personification, symbolism
Carefully I read my text book--I knew that my teacher would test us on the material.
Etc., etc., etc………
Tone
• Tone refers to the writer’s attitude toward the reader and/or subject of writing • Note the difference in tone in the following sentences:
May 2007May 2007
Natalie Knuth / Teresa Mattheß
20
Singapore English - Grammar
ways of checking if someone agrees or disagrees or can or cannot do something are pretty informal Are you coming? Yes or not? Like it or not? Are you going? Can or not? Enough or not?
There Are Many Types of Style
• • • • Clothing Style Music Style Hairstyle Performance style • Artistic style
• Just like styles of clothing, hair, music, etc.,represent differences in the people who create them, different styles of writing feature aspects of the writer’s personality, background, preferences, strengths, and other defining elements.