轮机英语-天津八套与海事局八套题库

天津八套与海事局八套题库（一）1.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all time s bridge orders relating to changes in_____of operation are immediately implemented.A. fore and aftB. ahead or asternC. speed or directionD. up or down2.Small oil spills on deck can be prevented from contaminating any waters by___ __ .A.plugging all scuppers and drainsB.thoroughly draining all bunkering hosesC.regularly emptying all drip pansD.placing floating booms around the ship3.The main purpose of warming up the main engine is_____ .A. to reduce heat stressB. to reduce low temperature corrosionC. to improve firing and starting performanceD. for fuel saving4.In order to reduce the chance of detentions ships should routinely verify thefollowing except for_____ .A.fan damper operation is smooth and operates through the full range of open t o close.B.fan damper locking pins are free to be removed without significant effort.C.fan damper operating handles are free to move without significant effort.D.fan damper are properly coated with white paint.5.The purpose of the_____in a vapour compression cycle is to accept the hot, high-pressure gas from the compressor and cool it to remove first the superheat and then the latent hea t.A.expansion valveB.condenserpressorD.evaporator6.The energy consumed by an AC motor, as strictly reactive power, is_____ .ed to do mechanical workB.lost in doing work to turn the motor itselfed to establish the magnetic field of the motorD.lost as heat generated by the windings.7.A diesel engine will lose power if fuel injection occurs too early because t he_____ .A.fuel will not be properly atomized in the cylinderB.maximum fuel expansion will occur on the compression strokeC.ignition will be delayed due to low ignition temperatureD.fuel will ignite before top dead center8.The designed_____is 20 tons per day, but the fresh water generator can only distill 15 tons a t present.A.powerB.capacityC.displacementD.weight9.The depth of the ship below the waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull is called_____ .A.tonnageB.trimC.draftD.lean10.The hydraulic system of a deck winch has been drained, flushed, and refilledwith hydraulic fluid. An erratic knocking noise from the hydraulic motor when the winch is started would indicate_____ .A.clogged suction line fluid filtersB.air trapped in the systemC.the fluid level in the reservoir is too highD.abrasive matter circulating in the oil11.As a duty engineer, as soon as you hear the fire emergency signal, you sho uld ensure that the_____ .A.ring buoys are thrown overboardB.fire pumps are startedC.engines are stoppedD.life preservers have been issued to everyone12.Which of the following problems could develop due to the accumulation of oilvapors in the crankcase of a diesel engine?A.Reduced lubricationB.Poor fuel economybustion knockD.Crankcase explosion13.All details of fuel bunkering, ballast handling, tank cleaning or slop dispos al must be entered in the_____ .A.ballast logB.muster logC.engine room logD.oil record book14.The cetane rating of diesel fuel is an indication of the_____ .A.rate of fuel consumptionB.ignition quality of the fuelC.calorific value of the fuelsh point of the fuel15.In the voyage, when carrying out abandon ship drill,_____should be tested every time.A.M.E.emergency operationB.main/auxiliary steering gear changingC.air/oil emergency shut-downD.the emergency lighting system for muster and abandon ship16.The Master should call_____for permission to use chemical agents in response to oil pollution into the se a.A. the port stateB. the coastal state 沿岸国C. the flag stateD. the shipping company17._____assists to emulsify oil and water into an even emulsion mixture for a fine at omizing of an incineratorA.An intermittent vibrationB.An intermittent agitationC.A continuous agitation 连续的搅拌D.A continuous vibrationbustion knock will most likely occur as a result of using a fuel with___ __ .A. a high cetane numberB. low ignition qualityC. low ignition delayD. a high volatility19.Which of the following is operated from the main engine room console on anautomated vessel?A.Shaft alley door and fixed CO2 releaseB.Lube oil pump and distilling plantC.Distilling plant and shaft alley doorD.Fire pump and lube oil pump20._____means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times,threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A.Security level 4B.Security level 3C.Security level 2D.Security level 121.Each cylinder has one starting valve which is usually opened by air pressureand closed by_____ .A.spring forceB.new jointsC.nuts and boltsD.sealing rings22._____is provided to alternators, in the event of prime mover failure to ensure that the alternator does not act as a motor.A.Frequency meterB.Reverse current protectionC.Reverse power protectionD.Synchronizing device23.To avoid water "carry-over" in a boiler, you should_____ .A.increase the feed water alkalinityB.raise the boiler water levelC.increase the steam outputD.remove the scum24.The successful operation of any engine or machine and its trouble free lifedepends on_____which involves the formation and maintenance of a lubricating oil film between the moving parts.A.effective coolingB.effective lubricationC.maintenanceD.the support25.Fuses placed in series with a thermal trip-type circuit breaker are used for _____ .A.short duration surge protectionB.short-circuit protectionC.sustained overload protectionD.time-delay protection26.The master may suspend the schedule of hours of rest in the following circu mstances EXCEPT_____ .A.Cargo on board is in dangerB.The seafarer wants to have extra pay额外的报酬by working overtimeC.Help another ship in distress.危难D.The safety of the ship is threatened. 威胁27.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplishedby moving the_____ .A. radial plungerB. cylinder bodyC. central valveD. floating ring28.The main generators are connected to_____ .A. main switch boardsB. distribution boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. section boards29.A class 'B' fire would most likely occur in the_____ .A.electric fresh water transfer pumpB.engine room bilgeC.breathing compartmentD.main switchboard30.The most common diesel engine fuel system problems are caused by_____ .A.excessive vibrationB.broken fuel linesC.incorrect adjustmentsD.dirty fuel31._____of the controllable pitch propeller enables the blades to be moved to change t he pitch angle.A.A hunting gear systemB.An internal mechanismC.An interlock deviceD.An external mechanism32.In a refrigeration system, foaming of the crankcase oil may cause the_____ .A. expansion valve to overfeed.B. crankcase drains to plugC. water regulating valve to failD. compressor to knock33.Enhanced procedures concerning the exercise of_____have been developed to allow intervention in the case of deficiencies deemed to pose a danger to persons, property or the environment.A.flag state controlB.safety inspectionC.fire and boat drillD.port state control34.Which of the following problems will occur if a disk-type centrifugal lube o il purifier is not properly primed prior to admitting oil flow to the bowl?A.Contamination of the lube oil by emulsification will result.B.Oil will discharge from the heavy phase discharge port and be wasted.C.The lube oil will not be subjected to the proper centrifugal force.D.The lube oil will overheat and flash.35.According to STCW CODE, an engineer officer must possess which of the follow ing functions?A.Radio communicationsB.Cargo handling and stowageC.NavigationD.Controlling the operation of the ship and care for persons on board.36.In a ordinary cargo crane,_____ is fitted to rotate the crane.A.the hoisting motorB.the fan motorC.the luffing motorD.the slewing motor37.Which of the following components are used to convert alternating current pro duced in the generator windings to direct current?mutator and crushesB.Armature and equalizerC.Field and exciterD.Rotor and interpoles38.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density wit hin_____ .A.the engine crankcaseB.fuel tanksC.drain tanksD.the engine scavenge boxes.39.A diesel engine could fail to start because of_____ .A.excessive cranking speedB.low exhaust back pressureC.floating exhaust valvesD.incorrect injection timing40.To prevent excessive_____in the transverse girders, the tie bolts are positioned as close to the center of the crankshaft as possible.A.bending momentsB.surface tensionsC.thermal loadsD.thermal stresses41.Before reassembling any machinery, you should_____ .A.apply a heavy coat of oil to all mating surfaces.B.replace all bearings regardless of length of serviceC.coat all parts with ale mite greaseD.clean any corroded surfaces and burrs smooth42.The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that_____A.both of them are ignited by compressed airB.both of them are the forms of external combustion enginesC.the power is developed by the piston in the cylinderD.both of them have spark plugs43.Which of the following statements represents the main difference between an r elay and a contactor?A.A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected.B.Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper.C.Contactors control current and relays control voltage.D.Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays.44.When fighting a spreading fire resulting from a broken fuel line, you shouldFIRST_____ .e a soda acid extinguisherB.look for a CO2 extinguisherC.shut off the fuel supplyD.smother the fire with rags45.If the bowl speed of the oil purifier is always lower than the rated speed , which cause is incorrect?A.The friction pads are slippery.B.The brake isn't released.C.The motor is out of order.D.The throughput is high.46.The term 'diesel engine scavenging' means_____ .A.forcing the products of combustion out of the cylinder with the fresh air ch argeB.collecting the air charge at the air cleanerbustion and expansion of hot gasD.delivering more air into the cylinder than it would normally receive during a n ordinary charging process47.Movement of engine no longer required means_____ .A.No Engine RevolutionsB.Finished With EngineC.Stand-by EngineD.Stop Engine48.The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall ensure that_____are kept under constant surveillance. 监控A. the steering gearB. the main propulsion plant and auxiliary systemsC. the devices and systems in chargeD. the communication devices49.What must ocean going vessels of 100GT to 400GT be fitted with for oily mi xtures?A.A portable system to discharge oily mixtures to a reception facilityB.A portable system to discharge the slops overboardC.A fixed system to discharge the slops overboardD.A fixed system to discharge oily mixtures to a reception facility ！50.If the sea water supply pressure for a diesel engine cooling system is belo w normal, you should check for a_____A.clogged sea water strainerB.blown head gasketC.broken thermostatD.cracked head51.The rules and regulation for maritime safety are governed by_____A.The MARPOL CodeB.The STCW CodeC.The 2006 Labor CodeD.the international convention for the safety of life at sea, better know as S OLAS52.When cutting sheet metal too thin to be held in your hand while using a h and held hacksaw钢锯, the sheet metal should be placed between two_____ .A.blocks of woodB.blocks of steelC.pieces of sand paperD.pieces of cloth53.What function is provided by the crankcase ventilation system on some dieselengines?A.Increases the sludge forming tendency of lube oil.B.Prevents the accumulation of combustible gases.C.Improves cold weather startingD.Improves lube oil cooling54.To equalize the power factor of two alternators operating in parallel, the___ __ .A.kilowatt load is evenly dividedB.phase sequence is alteredC.field excitation of both units is adjusted ！ernors of both units are adjusted55._____ are to be carried out at least twice within a five-year period.A.Docking surveysB.Annual surveysC.Intermediate surveys！D.Special surveys56.In common rail engines, the fuel is_____before is injected into the cylinders.A.already atomizedB.pumped by the injection pumpC.stored in a common fuel lineD.at low pressure57.The valid period of the International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate onboard isn't more than_____A. five yearsB. two yearsC. one yearD. four years58.If found oil when we open low oil level plug of separator, it indicates____ _ .A. the temperature of oil water is lowB. the separator is overloadedC. the monitor equipment of separator failsD. the discharge pump of separator can not work59.The construction of the main propulsion engine lube oil sump should_____ .A.have no plating joints of 90B.provide drain/return lines that are no greater than 24 inches from the pump suctionC.be provided with only a perfectly horizontal bottomD.retain the lube oil as long as possible before it recirculates through the s ystem60.The_____in the steering gear system conveys a signal or desired rudder angle from the bridge(wheel house)A.transmission mechanismsB.fittings and pipelineC.power unitD.control equipment61._____are used to reduce the sparking which occurs as the current collecting brushes move across the insulated segmentsA.WindingsB.Field coilsC.IsolatorsD.Interpoles62.The piston rings exert a varying pressure on the liner walls under condition s involving_____ .A.constant speedB.good lubricationC.reversal of direction of motionD.slowly changing speed63.If a ship is to be laid up for an indefinite period无限期, the saltwater side of the main condenser should be_____A.left filled with saltwater with the sea valves closedB.drained and dried out after closing the sea valvesC.left filled with saltwater with the sea valves openD.drained an refilled with saltwater after closing the sea valves64.Saltwater is typically provided to a refrigeration system to_____ .A.prevent refrigerant superheatingB.cool the expansion valveC.prevent motor overheatingD.condense the refrigerant gas65.An over-speed trip stops a diesel engine when the engine_____ .A.has low lubricating oil pressureB.exceeds a set maximum speedC.has high cooling water temperatureD.runs out of fuel66.When the ship is pushed forward by the waves 海浪and sinks back into a trough, she is_____A.surgingB.heavingC.rollingD.swaying 摇曳67.The abbreviation "MIP" stands for_____ .A.mean indicated pitchB.mean indicated pressureC.middle indicated powerD.middle indicating pressure68.In order to protect the aerobic bacteria from death, the sewage plant shouldwork_____ .A.continuouslyB.at 7-day intervalsC.at 14-day intervalsD.at 3-month intervals69.Before performing any maintenance on a hydraulic system storing energy in anaccumulator, you should_____ .A.operated the machine until it reaches normal temperatureB.pressurize the system to test for leaksC.bleed off all pressure within the systemD.disconnect the pump pressure control switch70.To thoroughly pump out the bilges using a horizontally mounted centrifugal pu mp, the_____ .A.volute must impart a radial and rotary motion of the waterB.suction side connection must guide the liquid to the lantern ringsC.pump must always be primedD.stuffing box should not be allowed any water leakage71.Air trapped in the hydraulic fluid of a steering system may be indicated by _____ .A.a constantly occurring improper rudder responseB.the steering pumps overspeedingC.a jammed open relief valveD.excessive ram pressure72.Which of the following listed construction detail of internal combustion engin es is required?A.The use of end block construction for engines developing over 1000 brake hors epower.B.Removable cylinder liners must be used for engines developing over 1000 brakehorsepower.！C.All engines shall be provided with a exhaust gas pressure monitoring system.D.A warning notice to caution against the opening of a hot crankcase for a sp ecified period of time after shut down.73.Prior to starting an AC generator prime mover, the voltage regulator cutout switch should be placed in the_____ .A.manual positionB.transfer positionC.bus neutral positionD.raise voltage position74.The closed-loop system differs from the open-loop system by_____ .A.the presence of a computerB.the lack of a computerC.the lack of a feedbackD.the presence of a feedback75.An alarm system enables the monitoring of certain measured_____ .A.desired valveB.constantC.measured valueD.variable76.To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the Company and those on board, every Company, as appropriate, should designate aperson or persons ashore having direct_____to the highest level of management.A.distanceB.spaceC.access 通道D.visibilityThe International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballas t Water&Sediments was adopted by consensus at a Diplomatic Conference at IMO inLondon on Friday 13 February 2004. The main features of the Convention are o utlined below(selected). Regulation D-1 Ballast Water Exchange Standard-Ships perfo rming Ballast Water exchange shall do so with an efficiency of 95 percent volu metric体积exchange of Ballast Water. For ships exchanging ballast water by the pumping -through method, pumping through three times the volume of each ballast water t ank shall be considered to meet the standard described.Pumping through less than three times the volume may be accepted provide d the ship can demonstrate证明that at least 95 percent volumetric exchange is met. Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard-Ships conducting ballast water management shall discha rge第三题less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meter greater than or equal to 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and less than 10 viable organisms per millili ter less than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and greater than or equal to10 micrometers in minimum dimension; and discharge of the indicator microbes s hall not exceed the specified concentrations.1.Which statement is true about regulation D-1?A. At least 95 percent volumetric exchange of Ballast Water would be accepted.B. Pumping-through method has to be used.C. At least three times the volume of each ballast water tank should be excha nged.D. Even the volumetric exchange is less than 95 percent, the ship has other w ays to meet the standard.2. For organisms less than 10 micrometers in minimum dimension, what is the sp ecific requirement?A. less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterB. No any in the discharged ballast waterC. It is not specified in the regulation.D. less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter3. For organisms 生物greater than 50 micrometers微米in minimum dimension最低尺寸, what is the specific requirement?A. No any in the discharged ballast waterB. less than 10 viable organisms per milliliterC. less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterD. It is not specified in the regulation.4.The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast W ater & Sediments沉积物_____ on 13 February 2004.A. was effected officially:B. came into forceC. was effectiveD. was voted and accepted 被接受A typical example of a hydraulic governor is the Woodward. This has adjus table droop for parallel operation and it is fitted with a speed-adjusting cont rol. If required it can be fitted with a synchronizing motor to provide remote control from a switchboard.A gear pump driven from the engine supplies oil under pressure to accumul ator pistons under which is a by-pass to regulate maximum pressure. One branch supplies oil which acts on top of the power piston, the pressure always tend ing to turn the terminal shaft to shut off fuel, while the other branch suppl ies oil to the pilot valve which is operated by the linkage from the fly wei ghts above.Should the speed of the engine decrease due to increased load the flyweig hts will move towards their center of rotation and lower the position of the pilot valve plunger, admitting oil pressure from the bottom of the power piston . Since, however, the area on the bottom is much greater than the top the ne t resultant force causes the piston to move upwards. This operates the power l ever turning the terminal shaft which varies the cut-off point in the fuel pum p through linkage, but as the power piston moves up, the actuating compensating piston moves down. Oil under this piston is now forced through the needle va lve to the receiving compensating piston, raising the outer end of the floating lever and the pilot valve plunger until it has returned to its normal positi on. This stops further movement of the terminal shaft so that the fuel control is now set in a position corresponding to the increased fuel required to run the engine at normal speed under the increased load.1. This passage is mainly about._____ .A. what type of governor should be provided when the engine is used for elect ric power generationB. why the speed of the engine fluctuatesC. how the governor worksD. how the fuel pumps work2. When the speed of the engine decreases due to increased load, which of thefollowing will NOThappen?A. The terminal shaft moves to a new positionB. The flyweights move towards their centerC. The pilot valve plunger moves towards its normal position.D. The power piston moves downwards until it returns to its normal position.3. The oil from the gear pump will_____ .(1). be supplied to the accumulator (2). act on the power piston(3). be supplied to the pilot valveA.(1)B.(1)(2)(3)C.(2)(3)D.(1)(3)4. Which of the following is true about the Woodward discussed?A. It may only be manually controlled from a switch board.B. It is a kind of mechanical governor.C. It has speed droop.D. It can not be used for parallel operation.However, the quality of the fuel oil burned in the engine will have a b earing on the maintenance, frequency and the extent of overhauls. Fuel of infer ior quality also requires more effor努力t with the fuel preparation and the pretreatment to effectively protect the die sel engine. Apart from technica技术l reasons, 第一题economic considerations will influence the selection of the fuel for a specific operation.Distillate type fuels, such as marine gas oil(MGO)or marine diesel oil(MDO) can be used in all Sulzer diesel engines. Special recommendations with regard to such fved. uels also with heavier grades having very low sulphur content(i .e. generally less than about 0.3%)have to be obserSome of these so-called low sulphur fuels(LSF)appear to have abnormal burning characteristics and also a de trimental effect on the tribological system cylinder liner/piston ring and lubric ant.Residual type fuels(heavy fuel oil, HFO, bunker fuel oil, BFO)can be used in Sulzer diesel engines within the scope范围of our Fuel Oil Requirements, specified for the various type engines. The i nstallation and the equipment of the fuel treatment plant must be adequate to enable an effective handling and treatment of the fuel quality selected for the engine.第四题In many cases the fuel suppliers provide data only for viscosity and dens ity of the fuel they are selling whereas other characteristics set out in the above mentioned specifications are not always known at the time of delivery. However, responsible fuel suppliers can indicate whether their product meets thelimits of a certain grade, specified for instance in the international Standar d ISO8217, Specification of Marine Fuels.Mixing of fuels of different suppliers or different sources-intentionally or unintentionally-should be avoided as much as practically feasible since there i s always some risk of generating problems of incompatibility with such fuels. 第二题In compatibility can result in sludge formation and fouling of plant equipment.Plugged filters and severely fouled separators become ineffective, allowing uncl eaned fuel to reach the fuel injection system of the engine.(1)Which type of fuels can be used in all Sulzer diesel engines?A.Residual type fuelsB.Distillate type fuelsC.BFOD.HFO(2)Incompatibility不匹配can result in_____ and fouling of plant equipment.A.sludge formationB.fouling separatorsC.plugging filtersD.quality improvement(3)Which one of the followings will influence the selection of the fuel for aspecific operation?A.economic considerationsB.technical reasonsC.neither technical reasons nor economic considerationsD.both technical reasons and economic considerations(4)In many cases, the fuel suppliers provide data only for_____of the fuel they are selling销售.A.dew pointB.pour pointC.viscosity and densityD.setting point第一题 A number of biological sewage treatment plant types are in use at sea but nearly all work on what is called the extended aeration process.Basically th is consists of oxygenating the liquor either by bubbling air through it or by agitating the surface.第四题By so doing a family of bacteria is propagated which thrives on the oxygen content and digests the sewage to produce an innocuous无害的sludge. The imprison that 第三题bubbling air through the sewage serves to oxidize it thus reducing BOD is not strict case. It is the bacteria that reduce the BOD by converting the organi c content of the sewage to a chemically and organically inert sludge.In order to exist, the bacterial need air and nutrient. The nutrient is in the form of body and galley wastes.第二题If the nutrient source is cut off, i.e. the plant shut down or by-passed for say an extended ocean passage, the bacterial die and the plant cannot func tion correctly until a new bacteria colony is generated. This process can take from 7 to 14 days. Bacterial which live in the presence of oxygen are said to be aerobic. When oxygen is not present, the aerobic bacterial cannot live but a different family of bacterial is generated. These bacterial are said to be anaerobic.While they equally capable of producing an inert sludge, in so doing hydr ogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and methane are formed.Some sewage processes are designed to work anaerobically but they are not usually adopted for shipboard use.(1)The bacteria usually used in the sewage treatment process on board are_____ .A.Aerobic 有氧B.not capable of generating a new family of bacteriaC.not capable of producing an inert sludgeD.Anaerobic(2)If the treatment plant has been shut down for a long time, it can functionagain only after_____ .A.a different family of bacterial is generated.B.nutrient is suppliedC.air is bubbled through the sewageD.a new colony of bacterial is generated.(3)According to this passage, bubbling air through the sewage to oxidize氧化it thus 因此reducing BOD_____ .A.cannot work in practiceB.is not exactly the purpose of biological sewage treatmentC.cannot make any impression on the readersD.is not exact fact不确切的事实in biological sewage treatment(4)The biochemical生物的oxygen demand of the sewage is reduced by_____ .A.the liquor agitating its surfaceB.bubbling air through itC.the bacteria propagated细菌传播in it。