【2019-2020】高考英语一轮选训习题Unit1Womenofachievement(含解析)新人教版必修4

【2019-2020】高考英语一轮选训习题Unit1Womenofachievement（含解析）新人教版必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement
李仕才
一、阅读理解
A
Here are our suggestions for keeping busy this week. Dive in!
Take to the waves in Southampton
Always fancied trying your hand at sailing? Now’s your chan ce. The Southampton Boat Show has plenty of opportunities for visitors to get out on the water to experience boat sailing, power boating or taking a ride on a RIB ― all for free.
Discover an island on the Thames
To celebrate Totally Thames, a month-long festival is held at various locations across London. We’ve discovered 21 of the river’s most fascinating islands ― all of them with interesting stories to tell. Make the most of it with our map here.
Catch great films in Bristol
Over six days, Encounters Film Festival screens up to 400 films from over 60 different countries. The Bristol festival provides a platform for international filmmakers, and offers a gateway to the likes of the BAFTAs, Oscars and European Film Awards. See here for full details.
Get scientific in London
Experience the latest, best and most challenging science covering all areas of our lives and universe at New Scientist Live at ExCel London. New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries from the team behind t he world’s most popular science weekly magazine, featuring four zones ― Brain & Body, Technology, Earth and Universe ― as well as talks from experts and over 200 exhibitors.
1. Which is the most suitable for sailing lovers?
A. Take to the waves in Southampton.
B. Discover an island on the Thames.
C. Catch great films in Bristol.
D. Get scientific in London.
2. What is New Scientist Live?
A. A science weekly magazine.
B. A festival to celebrate great scientists.
C. An exhibition to show scientific discoveries.
D. A festival where ideas and discoveries are shared.
3. Where can you find the text?
A. On a noticeboard.
B. On a website.
C. In a newspaper.
D. In a book review.
【语篇解读】本文为应用文，主要推介一周活动安排。

2. D【解析】考查细节理解。

根据Get scientific in London部分中的"New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries..."可知，New Scientist Live 是一个为期四天的与大众分享科学想法和发现的节日。

故选D。

3. B【解析】考查推理判断。

根据文章内容尤其是Discover an island on the Thames 部分中的"Make the most of it with our map here"和Catch great films in Bristol
部分中的"See here for full details"可知，本文最有可能出现在网站上，故选B。

B
Four years ago, we asked ourselves: What if we could create a shopping experience with no waiting in line and no checkout? Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go? Our answer to those questions is Amazon Go, where you could experience the idea of “just walk out shopping”．Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required. We created the world's most advanced shopping technology, so you never have to wait in line. With our “just walk out shopping” experience, simply use the Amazon Go app to enter the store, take the products you want, and go! No lines, no checkout.
We o ffer delicious ready­to­eat breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack opt ions made fresh every day by our on­site chefs and favorite local kitchens and bakeries. Our selection of foodstuff ranges from bread and milk to cheeses and locally made chocolates. You'll find well­known brands we love, plus special finds we're excited
t o introduce to customers. For a quick home­cooked dinner, pick up one of our chef­designed Amazon Meal Kits, and you can make a meal for two in about 30 minutes.
7th Ave, Seattle, WA, on the corner of 7th Avenue and Blanchard Street. All you need is an Amazon account, a supported smartphone, and the free Amazon Go app.
Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有关Amazon Go便利店的一些信息。

【难句分析】Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go?
分析：该句为主从复合句。

句中“where customers could simply take what they want and go”为where引导的地点状语从句，修饰先行词store；其中take后接what引导的宾语从句what they want and go。

译文：或者我们能不能创建一家实体店，在那里顾客只要拿走他们想要的东西然后离开？
1．From the passage, we can learn that Amazon Go ________.
A．is a checkout­free store
B．sells all kinds of goods
C．is open to the public
D．uses unknown technologies
2．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?
A．When Amazon Go charges.
B．How Amazon Go works.
C．Where Amazon Go lies.
D．What Amazon Go sells.
答案与解析：B'考查段落大意。

通读第三段可知，该段主要介绍了无人收银的技术原理，即类似于无人驾驶汽车的技术；还介绍了顾客付款的技术原理。

据此可知，该段主要介绍Amazon Go便利店的运作原理，故B项正确。

3．Customers pay for the products from Amazon Go by ________.
A．paying cash at the counter
B．walking out of the store
C．using their Amazon accounts
D．scanning smartphones when leaving
答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。

根据第三段最后一句“Shortly after, we'll charge
your Amazon account and send you a receipt.”可知，在顾客离开后，Amazon Go会通过亚马逊账户收取顾客的费用，故C项正确。

4．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．encourage people to shop online
B．advise people to work for Amazon
C．inform people of a new concept store
D．tell people of the shopping experience
答案与解析：C 考查写作意图。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种新形式的零售便利店Amazon Go，介绍了该便利店的运作过程、技术原理、地理位置、即食食品服务等。

故C项正确。

二、七选五
By 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it.__1__After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，and takes many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients.__2__ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy，and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more th an 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
__3__ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and medium­sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池)that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local
wildlife.Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project.__4__ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water.__5__
A．But that is exactly what we do.
B．This can provide easy access to clean water.
C．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
D．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
E．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
F．If collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water”，fertilizer，and energy.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。

1．A 上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。

根据上下文可知，A项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选A。

2．F 上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选F。

3．G 下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G 项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选G。

4．D 上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。

5．E 上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而E说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语义衔接，故选E。

三、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2018·××市高三模拟考试)
My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every
day.“You can try them，too.I'm sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way ，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didn't know how to spell a word ，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence correct ，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.
【答案】
My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day ，I asked him how he did such so well in written English.He told me that he has had a habit of keep keeping
a diary every day.“You can try them it
，too.I'm sure you will improve your written English quickly
in this way ，”he said.I thought Tom was right ，but and/so I decided to follow his advices advice
.I started to write down something interested interesting
every day.Sometimes when I didn't know
how to spell a word ，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence correct correctly
，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English
has really improved a lot because ∧of
that.
第一处：考查副词。

根据后面的副词“well”可判断出，此处应用副词so 。

第二处：考查动词的时态。

根据上下文语境可判断出，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。

第三处：考查非谓语动词。

介词of 后面应接v.­ing 形式。

第四处：考查代词。

此处应用it 指代“写日记”这一习惯。

第五处：考查连词。

语境表示，作者认为Tom 所言是正确的，于是作者决定按他的建议去做。

根据语境可判断出，前后句是并列关系或者因果关系，所以此处应用连词and/so 。

第六处：考查名词。

advice 是不可数名词，不能变成复数形式。

第七处：考查形容词。

此处应用interesting 作后置定语修饰不定代词“something”，说明事物的特征，表示“有趣的事情”。

第八处：考查副词。

此处应用副词correctly 修饰动词“write”。

第九处：考查固定短语。

ask for help 是固定短语，意为“求助”。

第十处：考查介词。

because 后接原因状语从句，because of 后常接名词或代词。

根据后面的“that”可判断出，此处应加介词of
四、短文语法填空
In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is now as simple as shopping online:
click, pay __1__ wait for delivery.
The city’s public library recently launched a program on WeChat, __2__ popular Chinese messaging software，enabling its readers to check out books online and get them __3__ (deliver) to their homes at low prices.
To en joy the “Hangzhou enjoyable reading” service, one first needs to follow the library’s official WeChat account, __4__ provides a list of books.After picking books, borrowers are required __5__ (present) their information such as their library membership cards, cellphone numbers and so on.The selected items will be delivered by express within three days after payments.Each reader can borrow up to 5 books once and 20 books at most __6__ total.The books can be kept for up to 40 days.Readers now can borrow the library’s most popular books in this way.The online books will be renewed and enriched __7__ (gradual) according to readers’ borrowing habits and __8__ (prefer)．At the end of December, the library’s old and classic books __9__ (put) online too, making the total number of books available and bringing borrowers a lot of __10__ (convenient)．
语篇解读：本文介绍了杭州公共图书馆在微信平台开放网上借书，并可以送书到家，和网上购物一样方便。

1．and click, pay与wait为并列的三个动词，最后两个动词之间用and连接。

故填and。

2．a 此处泛指“一个流行的中文通信软件”，应用不定冠词a。

3．delivered 此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构，them指代books，与deliver之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。

get sth.done表示“使某物被做……”。

故填delivered。

4．which 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为account，指物，故应用which引导该从句。

5．to present require sb.to do sth.意为“需要/要求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。

此处为其被动结构，故填to present。

6．in in total意为“总共”，为固定短语。

故填in。

7．gradually 设空处修饰动词renewed和enriched，应用副词。

故填gradually。

8．preferences 设空处和名词habits并列，用and连接，故设空处应用名词复数。

故填preferences。

9．will be put 根据时间状语At the end of December可知用一般将来时，且put和books之间为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。

故填will be put。

10．convenience 设空处作动词bring的宾语，应用名词。

故填convenience。