大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit21(A)

合集下载

大学英语六级阅读理解套题训练含答案

大学英语六级阅读理解套题训练含答案大学英语六级阅读理解套题训练含答案May I be strenuous, energetic and persevering !May I be patient! May I be able to bear and forbear the wrongs of others! May I ever keep a promise given!以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语六级阅读理解套题训练含答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, and then shift your gaze to its surroundings. What you now see appears to drift upward.These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body’s sensors and interpreting what must be happening—that your brain must have moved, not the other; that downward motions is now normal, so a change from it must now be perceived as upward motion.The sensors that make this magic are of two kinds. Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burning ten miles away.Color vision in each eye comes from six to seven million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can “see” the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, a third to blue.Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. We see an image for a fraction of a second longer than it actually appears. In movies, reels of still photographs are projected onto screens at24 frames per second, tricking our eyes into seeing a continuous moving picture.Like apparent motion, color vision is also subject to unusual effects. When day gives way to night, twilight brings what the poet T.S. Eliot called “the violet hour.” A light levels fall, the rods become progressively less responsive. Rods are most sensitive to the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, and they impart a strange vividness to the garden’s blue flowers.However, look at a white shirt during the reddish light of sunset, and you’ll still see it in its “true” color—white, not red. Our eyes are constantly comparing an object against its surroundings. They therefore observe the effect of a shift in the color of illuminating on both, and adjust accordingly.The eyes can distinguish several million graduations of light and shade of color. Each waking second they flash tens of millions of pieces of information to the brain, which weaves them incessantly into a picture of the world around us.Yet all this is done at the back of each eye by a fabric of sensors, called the retina, about as wide and as thick as a postage stamp. As the Renaissance inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci wrote in wonder, “Who would believe that so small a space could contain the images of all the universe?”1.Visual illusions often take place when the image of reality is ___.A.matched to six to seven million structures called cones.B.confused in the body’s sensors of both rods and cones.C.interpreted in the brain as what must be the case.D.signaled by about 120 million rods in the eye.2.The visual sensor that is capable of distinguishing shades of color is called ___.A.conesB.color visionC.rodsD.spectrum3.The retina send pulses to the brain ___.A.in short wavelengthsB.as color picturesC.by a ganglion cellD.along the optic nerve.4.Twenty-four still photographs are made into a continuous moving picture just because ___.A.the image we see usually stays longer than it actually appears.B.we see an object in comparison with its surroundings.C.the eyes catch million pieces of information continuously.D.rods and cones send messages 20 to 25 times a second.5.The author’s purpose in writing the passage lies in ___.A.showing that we sometimes are deceived by our own eyes.rming us about the different functions of the eye organs.C.regretting that we are too slow in the study of eyes.D.marveling at the great work done by the retina.答案：CADAB27Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure. This is not always the case, however; at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest; these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose.According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in come way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a “singer” to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.During the ceremony, which may last from 2 to 9 days, the “singer” will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan. On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the “singer” will rub the ailing parts of the patient’s body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting. In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sandpainting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone.The art of sandpainting is handed down from old “singer” to their students. The material used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit; brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone, which is pulverized by being crushed between 2 stones much as corns is ground into flour. The “singer” holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and fore-finger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of stylized people, snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system. The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings, since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this; however, such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico. These are done by eitherNavaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft.1.The purpose of the passage is to ___.A.discuss the medical uses of sandpaintings in medieval Europe.B.study the ways Navaho Indians handed down their painting art.C.consider how Navaho “singer” treat their ailments with sandpaintings.D.tell how Navaho Indians apply sandpainting for medical purposes.2.The purpose of a healing ceremony lies in ___.A.pleasing the ghostsB.attracting supernatural powersC.attracting the ghostsD.creating a sandpainting3.The “singer” rubs sand on the patient because ___.A.the patient receives strength from the sandB.it has pharmaceutical valueC.it decorates the patientD.none of the above4.What is used to produce a sandpainting?A.PaintB.Beach sandC.Crushed sandstoneD.Flour5.Which of the following titles will be best suit the passage?A.A New Direction for Medical ResearchB.The Navaho Indians’ SandpaintingC.The Process of Sandpainting CreationD.The Navaho Indians’ Medical History 答案：DBACB。

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. “There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when they’re 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents, “There is a major shift in the middle class,” declares sociologist Allan Schnaiberg of Northwester University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight months. Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs. Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues togive her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It’s ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy (不受干扰的生活). Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times-and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated (约会), so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends’ house.”Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.21. According to the author, there was once a trend in the U.S. ________.A) for young adults to leave their parents and liveindependentlyB) for middle class young adults to stay with their parentsC) for married young adults to move back home after a lengthy absenceD) for young adults to get jobs nearby in order to live with their parents22. Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to the nest?A) Young adults find housing costs too high.B) Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature.C) Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support.D) Quite a number of young adults attend local schools.23. One of the disadvantages of young adults returning to stay with their parents is that ________.A) there will inevitably be inconveniences in every day lifeB) most parents find it difficult to keepC) the young adults tend to be overprotected by their parentsD) public opinion is against young adults staying with their parents24. The word “hassles” in the passage (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means ________.A) agreementsB) worriesC) disadvantagesD) quarrels25. According to the passage what is the best for both parents and children?A) They should adjust themselves to sharing the family expenses.B) Children should leave their parents when they are grown-up.C) Adult children should visit their parents from time to time.D) Parents should support their adult children when they are in trouble.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The word conservation has a thrifty (节俭) meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature,and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone’s daily life. To know about the water table (水位) in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds (上游源头森林地带集水区) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatureson this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.26. The author’s attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is ________.A) positiveB) neutralC) suspiciousD) critical27. According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that ________.A) they had no idea about scientific forestryB) they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC) they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD) they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials28. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didn’t realize ________.A) the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB) the importance of the proper use of landC) the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD) the value of the beauty of nature29. To avoid correcting the mistake of our forefathers, the author suggests that ________.A) we plant more treesB) natural science be taught to everybodyC) environmental education be directed toward everyoneD) we return to nature30. What does the author imply by saying “living space... is figured... also in cubic volume above the earth” (Lines 7-8, Para. 3)?A) Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.B) Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.C) We need to take some measure to protect space.D) We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and animals.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleepingenough would probably be better off with more rest.The beginning of our sleep-deficit (睡眠不足) crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous.”Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’re got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition.”To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”31. People in the 18th and 19th centuries used to sleep about9.5 hours a night because they had ________.A) no drive and ambitionB) no electric lightingC) the best sleep habitsD) nothing to do in the evening32. According to Dr. David, Americans ________.A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of lifeB) often neglect the consequences of sleep deficitC) do not know how to relax themselves properlyD) can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep33. Many Americans believe that ________.A) sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busyB) they need more sleep to cope with the complexities ofeveryday lifeC) to sleep is something one can do at any time of the dayD) enough sleep promotes people’s drive and ambition34. The word “subjects” (Line 1, Para. 4) refers to ________.A) the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficitB) special branches of knowledge that are being studiedC) people whose behavior or reactions are being studiedD) the psychological consequences of sleep deficit35. It can be concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to ________.A) improve one’s memory dramaticallyB) be considered dynamic by other peopleC) maintain one’s daily scheduleD) feel energetic and perform adequatelyQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illness may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. Thestructure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preservingboth the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ________.A) personal health choices help cure most illnessB) it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC) it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD) wrong decisions could lead to poor health37. To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Line 7, Para.1) in the passage means ________.A) to “live an inactive life”B) to “live a decent life”C) to “live a life with complete freedom”D) to “live a life of vice”38. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because ________.A) current medical knowledge is still insufficientB) there are many factors influencing our decisionsC) few people are willing to trade the quality of lifeD) people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends39. To knowingly allow oneself to purse unhealthy habits is compared by Fried and Crapo to ________.A) improving the quality of one’s lifeB) limiting one’s personal health choiceC) deliberately ending one’s lifeD) breaking the rules of social behavior40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on ________.A) personal decisionsB) society’s lawsC) statistical evidenceD) friends’ opinions21. A22. B23. A24. D25. C26. D27. B28. A29. C30. D31. B32. B33. A34. C35. D36. D37. A38. B39. C40. C。

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_6

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things”in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures it the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictures in art. Through the study of instruments, as well preserved Paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Neat East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near eastern influence to Europe that results in the development ofmost of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in with people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research show mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America, printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This all part of the “information revolution,”a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.21. Research into the material culture of a nation’s of great importance ________.A) it helps produce new cultural tools and technologyB) it can reflect the development of the nationC) it helps understand the nation’s Fast and presentD) it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization22. It can be learned from this passage that ________.A) the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese musicB) Near Eastern music had influence on the of the instruments in the symphony orchestraC) the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western musicD) the musical instruments in the symphony basis of Near Eastern music23. According to the author, music notation is important because ________.A) it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read itB) it tends to standard folk sings when it is used by folk musiciansC) it is the printed version of standardized folk musicD) it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs24. It can be concluded from the passage that the introductionof electronic media into the world of music ________.A) has brought about an information revolutionB) has speeded up the arrival of a new generation of computersC) has given rise to new forms of music cultureD) has given to the transformation of traditional musical instruments25. Which of the following best summarized the main idea of the passage?A) Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner later be replaced by computers.B) Music cannot be passed on to future generation unless it is recorded.C) Folk songs cannot spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.D) The development of music culture is highly dependent or its material aspect.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among socialentities directed against one another is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for some thing which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and vice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however this struggle in nature’s competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meet-eating animals. Those who fail in competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble humanwar, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.Among nations there is competition in developing resources trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.26. In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some term in order to ________.A) argue for the similarities between and human societiesB) smooth out the conflicts in human societiesC) distinguish between two kinds of oppositionD) summarize the that characteristic features of opposition and cooperation27. According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that ________.A) it results in war in most casesB) it induces efforts to expand territoryC) it is kind of opposition among aria entitiesD) it is essentially a struggle for existence28. The phrase “function in the disservice of one another”(Para. 1) most probably means “________”.A) betray each otherB) harm one anotherC) help to collaborate with each otherD) benefit on another29. The author indicates in the passage that conflict ________.A) is an inevitable struggle resulting from competitionB) reflects the struggle among social animalsC) is an opposition among individual social animalsD) can be avoided30. The passage is probably intended to answer the question “________”.A) Is war inevitable?B) Why is there conflict and competition?C) Is conflict desirable?D) Can competition lead to conflict?重点单词查看全部解释enthusiast[in'θju:ziæst]想一想再看n. 热心人，热衷者联想记忆X单词enthusiast联想记忆：en进入+thus[=theo 神]…进入神的状态…热情+ast表名词，“…人，物”→热心者 evidence['evidəns]想一想再看n. 根据，证据v. 证实，证明联想记忆X单词evidence联想记忆：e出+vid看+ence→[明显的证据]证据，证人 reasoning['ri:zniŋ]想一想再看n. 推论，推理，论证联想记忆X单词reasoning联想记忆：源于：reason（n 理由；原因；v 推论） widespread['waidspred]想一想再看adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的inevitable[in'evitəbl]想一想再看adj. 不可避免的，必然(发生)的defect[di'fekt]想一想再看n. 缺点vi. 背叛联想记忆X单词defect联想记忆：de坏，fect做－做坏－缺点 tend[tend]想一想再看v. 趋向，易于，照料，护理supply[sə'plai]想一想再看n. 补给，供给，供应，贮备vt. 补给，供联想记忆X单词supply联想记忆：sup在下面+ply重叠，折叠→重叠下去→供应[下去]，补给eventually[i'ventjuəli]想一想再看adv. 终于，最后reflect[ri'flekt]想一想再看v. 反映，反射，归咎联想记忆X单词reflect联想记忆：re反，flect折－光线反折－反射，在大脑中反射－思考Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computer is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations.Computers imitate life. As computer get more complex, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we willthe computer as a new form of life.The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives car can be programmed into the computer’s brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival.Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain one time and it freezes up. We are still control, but the capabilities of computer are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if as all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the he past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiastwould assume that the new species must be man’s flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more I likely to be made of silicon.31. What do you suppose the attitude of Dr. Samuel Johnson towards ladies preaching?A) He believed that ladies were born worse preachers that men.B) He was pleased that ladies could though not as well as men.C) He disapproved of ladies preaching.D) He encouraged ladies to preach.32. Today, computer are still inferior to man in terms of ________.A) decision makingB) drives and feelingsC) growth of reasoning powerD) information absorption33. In terms of making quick decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because ________.A) in the long process of evolution slow pace of life didn’t require such ability of the computer because brainB) the human brain is influenced by other factors such as motivation and emotionC) the human brain may sometimes freeze up in a dangeroussituationD) the evolution of imitate life while the human brain docs not imitate computers34. Though he think highly of the development of computer science, the author doesn’t mean that ________.A) computers are likely to become a new form of intelligent lifeB) human beings have lost control of computersC) the intelligence of computers will eventually surpass will that of human beingsD) the evolution of intelligence will probably depend on that of electronic brains35. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood.B) Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man.C) The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man.D) Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.重点单词查看全部解释enthusiast[in'θju:ziæst]想一想再看n. 热心人，热衷者联想记忆X单词enthusiast联想记忆：en进入+thus[=theo 神]…进入神的状态…热情+ast表名词，“…人，物”→热心者 evidence['evidəns]想一想再看n. 根据，证据v. 证实，证明联想记忆X单词evidence联想记忆：e出+vid看+ence→[明显的证据]证据，证人 reasoning['ri:zniŋ]想一想再看n. 推论，推理，论证联想记忆X单词reasoning联想记忆：源于：reason（n 理由；原因；v 推论） widespread['waidspred]想一想再看adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的inevitable[in'evitəbl]想一想再看adj. 不可避免的，必然(发生)的defect[di'fekt]想一想再看n. 缺点vi. 背叛联想记忆X单词defect联想记忆：de坏，fect做－做坏－缺点 tend[tend]想一想再看v. 趋向，易于，照料，护理supply[sə'plai]想一想再看n. 补给，供给，供应，贮备vt. 补给，供联想记忆X单词supply联想记忆：sup在下面+ply重叠，折叠→重叠下去→供应[下去]，补给eventually[i'ventjuəli]想一想再看adv. 终于，最后reflect[ri'flekt]想一想再看v. 反映，反射，归咎联想记忆X单词reflect联想记忆：re反，flect折－光线反折－反射，在大脑中反射－思考Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Video recorders and photocopiers, even ticket machines on the railways, often seem unnecessarily difficult to use. Last December I bought myself a Video cassette recorder (VCR) described as “simple to use”. In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the TV, and after months of practice I still made mistakes. I am not alone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the British manufacturer, more than one in four VCR owners never use the timer on their machines to record a programme: they don’t use it because they’ve found it far too hard to operate.So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRS that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious?First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine’s features at once. Thirdly, although find problems in a finished product is easily, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use it, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, “why can’t you have features that are easy to use?” The answer is you can. Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public-not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple pubic trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 per cent of the featurescorrectly 90 per cent of the time.36. The author had trouble operating his VCR because ________.A) he had neglected the importance of using the timerB) the machine had far more technical features than necessaryC) he had set about using it without proper trainingD) its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be37. According to the author, manufacturers ________.A should add more useful features to their machinesB) often fail to make their products easy to useC) should make their appliances as attractive as possibleD) often fail provide proper training in the use of their products38. It seems that manufacturers will remain reluctant to make improvements unless ________.A) they can do so as a very low costB) they find their machines hard to operateC) they have difficulty selling their productsD) they receive a lot of complaints about their machines39. According to the passage before a VCR is cold on the market, its original model should be tried out ________.A) among ordinary consumers who are not technically mindedB) among people who are technically mindedC) among experienced technicians and potential usersD) among people who are in charge of public relations40. One of the reasons why VCRs are so difficult to use is that ________.A) the designers are often insensitive to the operational complexities of their machinesB) the range of features provided is unlimitedC) there is no ideal way of controlling qualityD) their designers often ignore the complaints of their uses 重点单词查看全部解释enthusiast[in'θju:ziæst]想一想再看n. 热心人，热衷者联想记忆X单词enthusiast联想记忆：en进入+thus[=theo 神]…进入神的状态…热情+ast表名词，“…人，物”→热心者 evidence['evidəns]想一想再看n. 根据，证据v. 证实，证明联想记忆X单词evidence联想记忆：e出+vid看+ence→[明显的证据]证据，证人 reasoning['ri:zniŋ]想一想再看n. 推论，推理，论证联想记忆X单词reasoning联想记忆：源于：reason（n 理由；原因；v 推论） widespread['waidspred]想一想再看adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的inevitable[in'evitəbl]想一想再看adj. 不可避免的，必然(发生)的defect[di'fekt]想一想再看n. 缺点vi. 背叛联想记忆X单词defect联想记忆：de坏，fect做－做坏－缺点 tend[tend]想一想再看v. 趋向，易于，照料，护理supply[sə'plai]想一想再看n. 补给，供给，供应，贮备vt. 补给，供联想记忆X单词supply联想记忆：sup在下面+ply重叠，折叠→重叠下去→供应[下去]，补给eventually[i'ventjuəli]想一想再看adv. 终于，最后reflect[ri'flekt]想一想再看v. 反映，反射，归咎联想记忆X单词reflect联想记忆：re反，flect折－光线反折－反射，在大脑中反射－思考21. C22. B23. A24. C25. D26. C27. D28. B29. D30. A31. A32. B33. C34. B35. D36. B37. B38. C39. A40. A重点单词查看全部解释enthusiast[in'θju:ziæst]想一想再看n. 热心人，热衷者联想记忆X单词enthusiast联想记忆：en进入+thus[=theo 神]…进入神的状态…热情+ast表名词，“…人，物”→热心者 evidence['evidəns]想一想再看n. 根据，证据v. 证实，证明联想记忆X单词evidence联想记忆：e出+vid看+ence→[明显的证据]证据，证人 reasoning['ri:zniŋ]想一想再看n. 推论，推理，论证联想记忆X单词reasoning联想记忆：源于：reason（n 理由；原因；v 推论） widespread['waidspred]想一想再看adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的inevitable[in'evitəbl]想一想再看adj. 不可避免的，必然(发生)的defect[di'fekt]想一想再看n. 缺点vi. 背叛联想记忆X单词defect联想记忆：de坏，fect做－做坏－缺点 tend[tend]想一想再看v. 趋向，易于，照料，护理supply[sə'plai]想一想再看n. 补给，供给，供应，贮备vt. 补给，供联想记忆X单词supply联想记忆：sup在下面+ply重叠，折叠→重叠下去→供应[下去]，补给eventually[i'ventjuəli]想一想再看adv. 终于，最后reflect[ri'flekt]想一想再看v. 反映，反射，归咎联想记忆X单词reflect联想记忆：re反，flect折－光线反折－反射，在大脑中反射－思考第21 页共21 页。

大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案

大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Once youre prepared for a situation, youre 50 percent of the way toward overcoming nervousness. The other 50 percent is the physical and mental control of nervousness; adjusting your attitude so you have confidence, and control of yourself and your audience.I was in the theater for many years and always went to work with terrible stage fright—until I was in "The King and I". While waiting offstage one night, I saw Yul Brynner, the shows star, pushing in a lunging position against a wall. It looked as though he wanted to knock it down. "This helps me control my nervousness," he explained.I tried it and, sure enough, freed myself from stage fright. Not only that, but pushing the wall seemed to give me a whole new kind of physical energy. Later I discovered that when you push against a wall you contract the muscles that lie just below where your ribs begin to splay (展开).I call this area the "vital triangle".To understand how these muscles work, try this: sit in astraight-backed chair and lean slightly forward. Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, your fingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.Say ssssssss, like a hiss. As youre exhaling the s, contract those muscles in the vital triangle as though you were rowing a boat, pulling the oars back and up. The vital triangle should tighten. Relax the muscles at the end of your exhalation, then inhale gently.You can also adjust your attitude to prevent nervousness. What you say to yourself sends a message to your audience. If you tell yourself youre afraid, thats the message your listener receives. So select the attitude you want to communicate. Attitude adjusting is your mental suit of armor against nervousness. If you entertain only positive thoughts, you will be giving out these words: joy and ease, enthusiasm, sincerity and concern, and authority.21. To overcome nervousness, one should_______.A. adjust his attitude as well as make preparation for a gatheringB. ask the audience to give him confidenceC. try not to be knocked down by stage frightD. wait offstage22. "The King and I" should be_______.A. a filmB. a novelC. a playD. a song23. The writer cites examples in Paragraphs 4 and 5 to support his statement that_______.A. you will have a positive effect by putting energy into your voiceB. youre 50 percent of the way towards overcoming nervousness once you are prepared for a situationC. you will have a whole new kind of physical energy by pushing against a wallD. if you master the techniques informed by the author your will never be nervous again24. Yul Brynner pushed the wall in order to_______.A. show the writer how to overcome nervousnessB. pull down the wallC. get physical energyD. overcome his own nervousness25. If you have active thoughts, your audience will detect ______.A. that you are full of fear and depressionB. that you are tightening your vital triangleC. that you are joyful and easy-goingD. that you are relaxing your muscles21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. C大学英语六级阅读理解练习和参考答案：Heres to Your Health As the only freshman on his schools varsity(代表队) wrestling team, Tod was anxious to fit in with his older teammates. One night after a match, he was offered a whisky bottle on the ride home. Tod felt he had to accept,or he would seem like a sissy. He took a swallow, and every time the bottle was passed back to him, he took another swallow. After seven swallows, he passed out. His terrified teammates carried him into his home, and his mother then rushed to the hospital. After his stomach was pumped, Tod learned that his blood alcohol level had been so high that he was lucky not to be in a coma or dead.Although alcohol sometimes causes rapid poisoning, frequently leads to long-term addiction, and always threatens self-control, our society encourages drinking. Many parents, by their example, give children the impression that alcohol is an essential ingredient of social gatherings. Peer pressure turns bachelor parties, fraternity initiations (同仁联谊会入会) , and spring-semester beach vacations into competitions in "getting trashed. " In soap operas, charming characters pour Scotch whiskey from crystal bottle as readily as most people turn on the faucet for tap water. In films and rock videos, trend-setters party in nightclubs and bars. And who can recall a televised baseball or basketball game without a beer commercial? By the age of 21, the average American has been drinking on TV about 75, 000 times. Alcohol ads appear with pounding frequency—in magazines, on billboards, in college newspapers—contributing to a harmful myth about drinking.Part of the myth is that liquor signals professional success. In a mens magazine, one full-page ad for Scotch whiskey shows two men seated in an elegant restaurant. Both are in their thirties, perfectly groomed, and wearing expensive grey suits. The windowsare draped (悬挂) with velvet (天鹅绒) the table with spotless white linen. Each place-setting consists of a long-stemmed water goblet, silver utensils and thick silver plates. On each plate is half-empty cocktail glass. The two men are grinning andshaking hands, as if theyve just concluded a business deal. The caption reads, "The taste of success. "Contrary to what the liquor company would have us believe, drinking is more closely related to lack of success than to achievement. Among students, the heaviest drinkers have the lowest grades. In the work force, alcoholics are frequently late or absent, tend to perform poorly, and often get fired. Although, alcohol abuse occurs in all economic classes, it remains most severe among the poor.Another part of the alcohol myth is that drinking makes you more attractive to the opposite sex. "Hot, hot, hot," one commercials soundtrack(电影配乐) begins, as the camera scans a crowd of college-age beachgoers. Next it follows the curve of a womans leg up to her bare hip and lingers there. She is young, beautiful, wearing a bikini. A young guy, carrying an ice chest (箱子), positions himself near to where she sits. He is tan, muscular. She doesnt show much interest—until he opens the chest and takes out a beer. Now she smiles over at him. He raises his eyebrows and, invitingly, holds up another can. She joins him. This beer, the song concludes, "attracts like no other. "Beer doesnt make anyone sexier. Like all alcohol, it lowers the levels of male hormones in men and of female hormones in women—even when taken in small amounts. In substantial amounts, alcohol can causeinfertility(不生育) in women and impotence (阳萎|) in men. Some alcoholic men develop enlarged breasts, from their increased female hormones.The alcohol myth also creates the illusion that beer and athletics are a perfect combination. One billboard features three high-action images: a baseball player running at top speed, a surfer riding a wave,and a basketball player leaping to make a dunk shot. A particular light beer, the billboard promises, "wont slow you down. "。

英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案

英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案:At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you dont act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo(禁忌的) behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. Its not taboo to talk about fat; its taboo to be fat. The "in" look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor,and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline, and self-respect. In animage-conscious society like the U. S. , thin is "in", fat is "out".Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and "in shape". The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americas obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising every day.1. From the passage we can infer taboo is .A. a strong desire to do something strange or terribleB. a crime committed on impulseC. behavior considered unacceptable in societys eyesD. an unfavorable impression left on other people2.Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude "being fat"_______.A. will always remain a tabooB. is not considered a taboo by most peopleC. has long been a tabooD. may no longer be a taboo some day3.The topic of fat is_______many other taboo subjects.A. the same asB. different fromC. more popular thanD. less often talked about than4.In the U. S. , thin is "in", fat is "out", this means_______.A. thin is "inside", fat is "outside"B. thin is "diligent", fat is "lazy"C. thin is "youthful", fat is "spiritless"D. thin is "fashionable", fat is "unfashionable"5.The main reason the passage gives for why so many Americans are exercising regularly is_______.A. their changed life-styleB. their eagerness to stay thin and youthfulC. their appreciation of the importance of exerciseD. the encouragement they have received from their companies参考答案：1. C2. D3. B4. D5. B英语六级考试阅读练习题和答案:For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; andthere is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the childrens responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many.as three turns to one side.Papouseks light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would " smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.21. According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.A. are directly related to pleasureB. will meet their physical needsC. will bring them a feeling of successD. will satisfy their curiosity22. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby______.A. would make learned responses when it saw the milkB. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC. would continue the simple movements without being given milkD. would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink23. In Papouseks experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order toA. have the lights turned onB. be rewarded with milkC. please their parentsD. be praised24. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because______.A. the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B. the sight of the lights was interestingC. they need not turn back to watch the lightsD. they succeeded in "switching on" the lights25. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of______.A. a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB. the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC. their strong desire to solve complex problemsD. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills 参考答案：21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A。

大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案

大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案A bad workman quarrels with his tools.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语六级阅读理解考试真题训练附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Most people would probably agree that many individual consumer adverts function on the level of the daydream. By picturing quite unusually happy and glamorous people whose success in either career of sexual terms, or both, is obvious, adverts construct an imaginary world in which the reader is able to make come true those desires which remain unsatisfied in his or her everyday life.An advert for a science fiction magazine is unusually explicit about this. In addition to the primary use value of the magazine, the reader is promised access to a wonderful universe through the product—access to other mysterious and tantalizing worlds and epochs, the realms of the imagination. When studying advertising, it is therefore unreasonable to expect readers to decipher adverts as factual statements about reality. Most adverts are just too meagre in informative content and too rich in emotional suggestive detail to be read literally. If people read then literally, they would soon be forced to realize their error when the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn’t materialize.The average consumer is not surprised that his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement, for this is what he is used to in life: the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain. But the fantasy is his to keep; in his dream world he enjoys a“future endlessly deferred”.The Estivalia advert is quite explicit about the fact that advertising shows us not reality, but a fantasy; it does so by openly admitting the daydream but in a way that insists on the existence of a bridge linking daydream to reality—Estivalia, which is “for daydream believers”, those who refuse to give up trying to make the hazy ideal of natural beauty and harmony come true.If adverts function on the daydream level, it clearly becomes in adequate to merely condemn advertising for channeling readers’ attention and desires towards an unrealistic, paradisiacal nowhere land. Advertising certainly does that, but in order for people to find it relevant, the utopia visualized in adverts must be linked to our surrounding reality by a casual connection1.The people in adverts are in most coves ___.A.happy and glamorousB.successfulC.obviousD.both A and B2.When the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn’t materialize the average consu mer is not surprised, because ___.A.The consumer is used to the fact that the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain.B.Adverts are factual statements about reality.C.The consumer can come into the realms of imagination pictured by adverts.D.Adverts can make the consumer’s dreams come true.3.What’s the bridge linking daydream to reality in adverts?A.The product.B.Estivalia.C.Pictures.D.Happy and glamorous people.4.Why does the consumer accept the daydream in adverts?A.Because the consumer enjoys a “future endlessly deferred.”B.Because the consumer gives up trying to make his dream come true.C.Because the utopia is visualized in adverts.D.Because his purchased of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement.5.What is this passage mainly concerned with?A.Many adverts can be read literally.B.Everyone has a daydream.C.Many adverts function on the level of the daydream.D.Many adverts are deceitful because they can not make good their promises.答案：DABAC。

大学英语六级(听力)练习试卷21(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（听力）练习试卷21(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Listening ComprehensionPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 听力原文：Karaoke may never be the same, thanks to research being presented in Nashville detailing the latest findings in efforts to create a computerized system that makes average singers sound like professionals. “Our ultimate goal is to have a computer system that will transform a poor singing voice into a great singing voice,”said Mark J.T. Smith, a professor of Purdue University, who is working with a graduate student Matthew Lee to create computer models for voice analysis and synthesis. These models break the human singing voice into components that can be modified to produce a more professional-sounding rendition (演唱) of the original voice. Far more work is needed before the system is finished, Smith said. He said the specialized programs are, however, able to alter certain important characteristics of a person’s voice, such as pitch, duration. Lee will present the latest research findings during the 145th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in Nashville, Tenn, the nation’s country music capital. He will demonstrate the system by playing before-and-after country music audio clips to researchers there. The system uses a special technique to break down the original voice. The voice is then reconstructed using a mathematical method which enables the system to resynthesize the voice quickly. Smith, who specializes in signal processing, began working on the underlying “sinusoidal mode” (正弦曲线投影模式) in the mid-1980s. The model enables the human singing voice to be broken into components. More recently, Smith and Lee developed a method for modifying to improve the quality of singing. “While we have had Success in improving the quality of the singing voice samples in our database , we also face the challenge of handling all types of voices reliably,”Smith said. “There are many challenges in developing a system of this typeKaraoke may never be the same, thanks to research being presented in Nashville detailing the latest findings in efforts to create a computerized system that makes average singers sound like professionals. “Our【26】goal is to have a computer system that will【27】a poor singing voice into a great singing voice,” said Mark J.T. Smith, a professor of Purdue University, who is working with a graduate student Matthew Lee to create computer models for voice analysis and synthesis.These models break the human singing voice into components that can be【28】to produce a more professional-sounding rendition (演唱) of the original voice. Far more work is needed before the system is finished, Smith said. He said the specialized programs are, however, able to alter certain important【29】of a person’s voice, such as pitch, duration. Lee will present the latest research findings during the 145th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America in Nashville, Tenn, the nation’s country music capital. He will【30】the system by playing before-and-after country music【31】clips to researchers there. The system uses a special technique to break down the original voice. The voice is then reconstructed【32】a mathematical method which enables the system to resynthesize the voice quickly. Smith, who specializes in signal【33】, began working on the underlying “sinusoidal mode” (正弦曲线投影模式) in the mid-1980s.【34】. More recently, Smith and Lee developed a method for modifying to improve the quality of singing. “【35】, we also face the challenge of handling all types of voices reliably,” Smith said. “【36】1．正确答案：ultimate2．正确答案：transform3．正确答案：modified4．正确答案：characteristics5．正确答案：demonstrate6．正确答案：audio7．正确答案：using8．正确答案：processing9．正确答案：The model enables the human singing voice to be broken into components10．正确答案：While we have had Success in improving the quality of the singing voice samples in our database11．正确答案：There are many challenges in developing a system of this type。

2021年大学英语六级阅读理解模拟试题及答案(卷十五)

2021年大学英语六级阅读理解模拟试题及答案（卷十五）Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this onecould furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived.21.The author of the passage does not believe that ____.A) people can protect themselves B) the truth makes men freeC) leaders have to be consistent D) princes are human22.The lion represents those who are ____.A) too trusting B) strong and careful C) reliant on force D) lacking in intelligence23.The fox, in this passage, is ____.A) admired for his trickery B) no match for the lionC) pitied for his trick D) considered worthless24.The writer suggests that a successful leader must ____.A) be prudent and faithful B) cheat and lieC) have principle to guide his actionsD) tell the people the truth about his opponent25.The writer would approve an unsuccessful political candidate____.A) gave up all his opportunities B) promised to try again next timeC) overthrew the government by forceD) told the people the truth about his opponent【答案】21-25 D C A B CQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:The American Heart Association and other groups have said for many years that people could reduce the chance of suffering a heart attack by eating less of the foods rich in cholesterol(胆固醇). These include such foods as meats, milk products and eggs. The Heart Association noted a number of studies which show that nations where people eat a lot of high cholesterol foods have a higher number of deaths from heart disease. However, the new report disagrees. It was made by the Food and Nutrition Board of the United States National Academy of Sciences. The new report by a team of 15 scientists said there is no evidence to link cholesterol in food directly to heart disease. It noted seven major studies involving people whose diet was changed to include only foods low in cholesterol. The studies found only a very small reduction in the number of heart attacks and there was no reduction in the number of heart attack deaths. Other studies have shown similar results. They found that a change to low cholesterol foods will have only a minor effect on the amount of cholesterol in a person's blood and onlya minor effect on the number of deaths. Medical scientists hope that two huge new studies may settle the cholesterol dispute. The tests are designed to learn if low cholesterol foods or anticholesterol drugs, or both, can reduce the amount of the substance in the blood and reduce the chance of a heart attack. The two new studies will be finished in the next year or two. The new Academy of Sciences report also discussed other possible links between food and disease. The scientists, in general, they are deeply concerned about some of the recent advice given about food. They noted that a number of private groups, government agencies and several popular books have advised that people can prevent heart disease, cancer and other sicknesses by changing the kinds of foods they eat. The new report said there is often no good scientific evidence to support such advice. In fact, the scientists said such ideas often produce only false hopes or unnecessary fears.31. According to the passage, people could reduce the chance of suffering he art attack by ____.A) eating less foods with a lot of cholesterol B) eating less of low cholesterol foodsC) eating a lot of high cholesterol foods D) eating drugs32. High cholesterol foods include ____.A) eggs, meats and milk products B) potatoes, green vegetables and tomatoesC) corn, wheat and beef D) sugar, rice and butter33. Some scientists believe that there is no evidence that cholestrol in food is directly linked to ____.A) blood disease B) heart disease C) infectious disease D) mental disorder34. Medical scientists believe that ____.A) tests have been designed to settle the cholesterol disputeB) drugs have been tested to reduce the amount of the substance in bloodC) low cholesterol foods or anti cholesterol drugs or both can reduce the chance of a heart attackD) none of the statements mentioned above is correct35. Which of the following statements in NOT true?A) One can avoid a heart disease by eating less foods with little cholesterol.B) One can avoid a heart disease by taking the doctor's advice to eat low cholesterol foods and anti cholesterol drugs or both.C) There has been good scientific evidence that cholesterol foods can produce the chance of suffering a heart disease.D) People usually believe that cholesterol foods are directly linked to heart disease.【答案】31-35 B A B C CThe Caledonian Market in London is a clearing house of the junk (旧货、废弃物) of the universe. Here, rubbish is a commodity and rubbish picking is a sport. Somebody, somewhere, wanted these things, perhaps just to look at. You learn here the incredible obscurity of human needs and desires. People grope (摸索), with fascinated curiosity, among the turned?out debris (废墟) of thousands of attic rooms. Junk pours in twice a week, year in and year out. The Market is the penultimate (倒数第二的) resting place of banished vases, musical instruments that will not play, sewing machines that will not sew, paralyzed perambulator, epileptic bicycles and numerous other articles from which all morale and hope have long departed. There are stories of fortunes being picked up in the Market. Once seven hundred gold sovereigns were found in a secret drawer of a crazy old bureau. And book buyers have discovered valuable editions of Milton and Dickens and Carlyla. There is nothing one can not buy in the Market.21. The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is ____.A) Why People Buy What They Do B) Reflections on A Famous Junk MarketC) The Cause for Fascinated Curiosity D) What Happens to Attic Debris22. The articles for sale in the Caledonian Market ____.A) are wanted to look at B) are collected 100 times a yearC) reveal obscure needs and desires D) bring fortune to the buyers23. From the style of this passage one might assume that it was taken from ____.A) a report on marketing B) a guide bookC) directions for a stage setting D) an information essay【答案】21-23 BBDQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. Weare getting a little tired of “Monism”—but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are sings that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place on it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.16. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is .A. fundamental to a sound democracyB. not pertinent to healthy family lifeC. responsible for MonismD. what we have almost given up17. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother andthe father is that .A. the role of the father may become an inferior oneB. the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC. the children will grow up believe that life is a battle of sexesD. sharing leads to constant arguing18. The author states that bringing up children .A. is mainly the mother’s jobB. belongs among the duties of the fatherC. is the job of schools and churchesD. involves a partnership of equals19. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is .A. minor because he is an ineffectual parentB. irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC. pertinent to the healthy development of the childD. identical to the role of the child’s mother20. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A. A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B. Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C. Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D. A woman’s place is always in the home.【答案】16-20 AADCACulture shock is an occupational disease (职业病) for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: when to shake hands and what to say when meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for our peace of mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness.Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration. When suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which caused discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. When foreigners in a strange land get together in complain about the hostcountry its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock.1. According to the passage, culture shock is .A. an occupational disease of foreign peopleB. may lead to very serious symptomsC. actually not a diseaseD. incurable2. According to the passage, culture shock result from .A. the sudden change of social atmosphere and customsB. the sudden change of our daily habitsC. the sudden loss of our own signs and symbolsD. the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner3. Which one of the following may not be a symptom of culture shock?A. You don’t know how to express your gratitude.B. You don’t know how to greet other people.C. You suddenly forget what a word means.D. You don’t understand why a foreigner shrugs.4. According to the passage, how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he is frustrated by the culture shock?A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.B. He is really to accept the change and adapt himself to the newenvironment.C. Although he takes the culture difference for granted, he still doesn’t know how to do with it.D. He may begin to hate the people or things around him.5. The main idea of this passage is that .A. culture shock is an occupational diseaseB. culture shock is caused by the anxiety of living in a strange cultureC. culture shock has peculiar symptomsD. it is very hard to cope with life in a new setting【答案】1-5 CACCBThe idea of a special day to honor mothers was first put forward in America in 1907. two years later a woman, Mrs. John Bruce Dodd, in the state of Washington proposed a similar day to honor the head of the family—the father. Her mother died when she was very young, and her father brought her up. She loved her father very much.In response to Mrs. Dodd’s idea that same year—1909, the state governor of Washington proclaimed (宣布) the third Sunday in June Father’s Day. The idea was officially approved by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. in 1924, President Calvin Coolidge recommended national observance of the occasion “to establish more intimate (亲密)relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.”The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower.Father’s Day took longer to establish on a national scale than Mother’s Day, but as the idea grained popularity, tradesmen and manufacturers began to see the commercial possibilities. They encouraged sons and daughters to honor their fathers with small thank-you presents, such as a tie or pair of socks, as well as by sending greeting cards.During the Second World War, American servicemen stationed in Britain began to request Father’s Day greeting cards to send home. This generated a response with British card publishers. Though at first the British public was slow to accept this rather artificial day, it’s now well celebrated in Britain on the third Sunday in June in much the same way as in America.Father’s Day seems to be much less important as occasion than the Mother’s Day. Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only.1. When did Father’s Day officially begin to have national popularity?A. 1907B. 1909C. 1916D. 19242. Who first started the idea of holding the Father’s Day?A. Mrs. John Bruce DoddB. Mrs. John Bruce’s MotherC. The government of Washington.D. Some businessmen.3. What flower will be popular on Father’s Day?A. LilyB. Water LilyC. Red rose or white roseD. Sunflower.4. Which statement is true, a according to this passage?A. It took even longer for Mother’s Day to gain national popularity.B. The businessmen helped to make Father’s Day popular.C. Father’s Day is only celebrated in America.D. Father’s Day is only a trick of the businessmen to make money.5. What was the first reaction of the British publishing towards Father’s Day?A. They thought highly of it and accepted it at once.B. They just accepted it at once without any hesitation.C. They just thought it a joke.D. They thought it was too artificial and took a long time to accept.【答案】1-5 D A C B DWhen aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was so difficult to separate form the ores in which it was found that its price was higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was discovered for refining the metal with the aid ofelectricity approximately three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that aluminum because practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and pans.Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientists have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engine of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge “airbus”planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industry in some countries.Since aluminum is such a versatile (多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite (铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.1. The price of aluminum was sharply reduced when people discovered a new refining process with the aid of .A. windB. solar energyC. hydraulic powerD. electricity2. Aluminum is .A. lightweight, rustproof but not easily shaped into different formsB. heavyweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different formsC. lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different formsD. lightweight and easily shaped into different forms but it is easy to become rusty3. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Aluminum is widely used in transportation.B. Aluminum is also used in many parts of airplanes.C. Aluminum is being used extensively in the building industry.D. Aluminum is not used in its pure form.4. Aluminum is found on earth mostly in the form of .A. pure metalB. bauxiteC. goldD. liquid5. What is the passage talking about?A. The features of aluminum and its functions.B. The process of aluminum.C. The discovery of aluminum.D. The promising future of aluminum.【答案】1-5 D C D B AAsk three people to look the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three differentanswers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses—in this case our eyes—tell us.Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.1. Seeing and perceiving are .A. the same actionB. two separate actionsC. two actions carried on entirely by eyesD. several actions that take place at different times2. Perceiving is an action that takes place .A. in our eyesB. only when we think very hard about somethingC. only under the direction of a psychologistD. in every person’s mind3. People perceive different things about the same scene because .A. they see different thingsB. some have better eyesightC. they cannot agree about thingsD. none of these4. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?A. Psychologists do not yet know people see.B. The experiments in which all factors are controlled are better.C. The study of perception is going on now.D. Perception does not involve psychological factors.5. The best title for this selection is .A. How We SeeB. Learning about Our Minds through ScienceC. What Psychologists PerceiveD. How to Because an Experimental Psychologist【答案】1-5 B C D C AStatement Of Don CartyIt is a sad day. Nothing grieves me more than2 to have to report to you that this morning, an American Airlines flight was lost in New York. I will be leaving for New York immediately to lead the American Airlines Care Team that is responding to today’s accident. Our primary concern will be to provide support to the families of our passengers and employees lost today, to all of our employees and to the people on the ground in NY.At this time, we have no indication of what caused the accident. Wehave moved quickly to help organize the response and to support the investigation. Toward that end3 , I have already been in touch with Andrew Card at the White House and with Mayor Guiliani and Governor4 Pataki in New York, as well as with officials in Santo Domingo.Let me just provide some basic facts about the flight today. It was American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A3005 aircraft en route6 from New York Kennedy to Santo Domingo. The airplane was lost today shortly after take off from Kennedy Airport. The preliminary passenger list indicated the aircraft carried 246 passengers and a crew of nine .Family members wishing to receive information about passengers may contact American Airlines at our toll-free7 number at 800 245 0999.As you would imagine, today’s news comes at a difficult time for the nation, for the airline industry and for American Airlines. Given the changed world we live in today, it will be as important as it has ever been to quickly and accurately determine the cause of this accident. First and foremost8 , however, our thoughts and prayers are with the families of our passengers and employees of those lost today. I will be leaving immediately for New York.练习题：Ⅰ. Fill in e ach bla nk with a p rop er word, the first letter is given :1. Depression g him much for he would have no money to support his family.2. Our p concern is the safety of the pupils in their vacations.3. There is no i of who is behind this terrorist attack.4. We endeavor to carry a complete i to find the technical problem of thisⅡ. Questions :1. Who is the head of New York State ?2. Who is the mayor of New York City?答案：Ⅰ. 1. grieves 2. primary 3 . indication 4. investigation / accidentⅡ. 1. Pataki 2 . GuilianiPageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production anespecially local flavour. From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individualsfor completion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands—anything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. Pageants. [B]. Costumes on the stage.[C]. Costumes for pageants. [D]. How to arrange a pageant.。

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_9

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn’t any crime to worry about. Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world’s biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking (黑客的) tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism.A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle (闯入…...行窃).But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause newdisorder. So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.But let’s look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the world’s biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn’t much to steal. Or because vandalism ( 恶意破坏) isn’t much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.Whatever the reason, let’s enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.21. By saying “... owners of well over half of all World WideWeb sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors”(Lines 3-4, Para. 2), the author means that ________.A) those happy times appear still to be with usB) there simply wasn’t any crime to worry aboutC) many sites are not well-protectedD) hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in（C）22. SATAN, a program designed by Dan Fanner can be used ________.A) to investigate the security of Internet sitesB) to improve the security of the Internet systemC) to prevent hackers from breaking into websitesD) to download useful programs and information（A）23. Fanner’s program has been criticized by the public because.A) it causes damage to Net browsersB) it can break into Internet sitesC) it can be used to cause disorder on all sitesD) it can be used by people with evil intent（D）24. The author’s attitude toward SATAN is ________.A) enthusiasticB) criticalC) positiveD) indifferent（C）25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that ________.A) we should make full use of the Internet before security measures are strengthenedB) we should alert the most influential businessmen to the importance of securityC) influential businessmen should give priority to the improvement of Net securityD) net inhabitants should not let security measures affect their joy of surfing the InternetQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I came away from my years of teaching on the college and university level with a conviction that enactment (扮演角色), performance, dramatization are the most successful forms of teaching. Students must be incorporated, made, so far as possible, an integral part of the learning process. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. Of Ezekiel Cheever, the most famous schoolmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, his onetime student Cotton Mather wrote that he so planned his lessons that his pupils “came to work as thoughthey came to play,” and Alfred North Whitehead, almost three hundred years later, noted that a teacher should make his/her students “glad they were there.”Since, we are told, 80 to 90 percent of all instruction in the typical university is by the lecture method, we should give close attention to this form of education. There is, I think, much truth in Patricia Nelson Limerick’s observation that “lecturing is an unnatural act, an act for which God did not design humans. It is perfectly all right, now and then, for a human to be possessed by the urge to speak, and to speak while others remain silent. But to do this regularly, one hour and 15 minutes at a time... for one person to drag on while others sit in silence?... I do not believe that this is what the Creator... designed humans to do.”The strange, almost incomprehensible fact is that many professors, just as they feel obliged to write dully, believe that they should lecture dully. To show enthusiasm is to risk appearing unscientific, unobjective; it is to appeal to the students’ emotions rather than their intellect. Thus the ideal lecture is one filled with facts and read in an unchanged monotone.The cult (推崇) of lecturing dully, like the cult of writingdully, goes back, of course, some years. Edward Shils, professor of sociology, recalls the professors he encountered at the University of Pennsylvania in his youth. They seemed “a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. Some read from old lecture notes and then haltingly explained the thumb-worn last lines. Others lectured from cards that had served for years, to judge by the worn edges... The teachers began on time, ended on time, and left the room without saying a word more to their students, very seldom being detained by questioners... The classes were not large, yet there was no discussion. No questions were raised in class, and there were no office hours.”26. The author believes that a successful teacher should be able to ________.A) make dramatization an important aspect of students’learningB) make inspired play an integral part of the learning processC) improve students’ learning performanceD) make study just as easy as play（B）27. The majority of university professors prefer the traditional way of lecturing in the belief that ________.A) it draws the close attention of the studentsB) it conforms in a way to the design of the CreatorC) it presents course content in a scientific and objective mannerD) it helps students to comprehend abstract theories more easily（C）28. What the author recommends in this passage is that ________.A) college education should be improved through radical measuresB) more freedom of choice should be given to students in their studiesC) traditional college lectures should be replaced by dramatized performancesD) interaction should be encouraged in the process of teaching （D）29. By saying “They seemed ‘a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing...’” (Lines 3-4, Para. 4), the author means that ________.A) professors are a group of professionals that differ in their academic ability but behave in the same wayB) professors are like priests wearing the same kind of black gown but having different roles to playC) there is no fundamental difference between professors and priests though they differ in their meritsD) professors at the University of Pennsylvania used to wear black suits which made them look like priests（A）30. Whose teaching method is particularly commended by the author?A) Ezekiel Cheever’s.B) Cotton Mather’s.C) Alfred North Whitehead’s.D) Patricia Nelson Limerick’s.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of he legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when hat age has beenattained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent.We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require.31. What is the passage mainly about?A) How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B) How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C) How to solve the rising unemployment problem.D) How to improve the public education system.（B）32. What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?A) The requirement of educated workers by business.B) Raising of the legal age for going to work.C) The trend toward a shorter workday.D) People’s concern for the future of the next generation.（B）33. The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because ________.A) the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB) a new leisure class has developedC) they are still suffering from the depressionD) an increase in taxes could be a problem（D）34. According to the author, the answer to the problem of publiceducation is that the Federal government ________.A) should allocate Federal funds for public educationB) should demand that local communities provide supportC) should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD) should first of all solve the problem of unemployment（A）35. Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 10-11, Para. 3)?A) Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B) Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C) People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D) Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people’svision sharper than that of cats.Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror—a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wave-front sensor that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. The highly precise data from the two instruments—which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at the opticians (眼镜商) all over the world—serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearer’s vision.By day, Bille’s contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina （视网膜）that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far distant tree will be formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter ( 屈光度). At night, the lenses have an even greater potential. “Because the new lens—in contrast to the already existing ones—also works when it’s dark and the pupil is wide open,” says Bille, “lens wearers will be able to identify a face at a distance of 100 meters”—80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. In hisexperiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses.Bille’s lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients’ visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the lenses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses.36. The new contact lens is meant for ________.A) astronomical observationsB) the night blindC) those with vision defectsD) optical experiments（C）37. What do the two instruments mentioned in the second paragraph (Line 5) refer to?A) The astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor.B) The aluminum mirror and the laser beam.C) The active mirror and the contact lens.D) The aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor.（D）38. Individualized contact lenses (Line 7, Para. 2) are lensesdesigned ________.A) to work like an astronomical telescopeB) to suit the wearer’s specific needsC) to process extremely accurate dataD) to test the wearer’s eyesight（B）39. According to Bille, with the new lenses the wearer’s vision ________.A) will be far better at night than in the daytimeB) may be broadened about 15 times than without themC) can be better improved in the daytime than at nightD) will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytime（D）40. Which of the following is true about Bille’s lenses?A) Their production process is complicated.B) They will be sold at a very low price.C) They have to be replaced every day.D) Purchase orders can be made through the Internet.21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. D。

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_2

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars,bottles, and tins are in use at the same time and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size, and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product’s market position.When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from 1 dollar to 2.50 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can’t be used anything but stuffing the garbage can.21. What started the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus?A) Consumers’ complaints about the changes in the package size.B) Expensive packaging for poor quality products.C) A senator’s discovery of the tricks in packaging.D) The rise in the unit price for many products.22. The word “undue” (Para. 2) means “________”.A) improperB) adequateC) unexpectedD) excessive23. Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because ________.A) they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar withB) they unit price for a product often rises as a resultC) they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizesD) this entails an increase in the cost of packaging24. According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to ________.A) meet the needs of consumersB) suit all kinds of productsC) enhance the market position of productsD) introduce new products25. The author is critical mainly of ________.A) dishonest packagingB) inferior packagingC) the changes in package sizeD) exaggerated illustrations on packagesQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central-usually the second mostimportant executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy. While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is as lower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated,the management and professional jobs that to with these processes will disappear.26. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.B) They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.C) They attach more importance to workers than equipment.D) They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.27. What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm?A) He is one of the most important executives in firms.B) His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced.C) He is directly under the chief financial executives in the firms.D) He has no say in making important decisions in the firm.28. The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to ________.A) workers who can operate new equipmentB) technological and managerial staffC) workers who lack basic background skillsD) top executives29. According to the passages, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is ________.A) the introduction of new technologiesB) the improvement of worker’s basic skillsC) the rational composition of professional and managerial employeesD) the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees30. What is the main idea of the passage?A) American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.B) Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resource management.C) The head of human-resource management must be in the central position in a firm’s hierarchy.D) The human-resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity.重点单词查看全部解释critical['kritikəl]想一想再看adj. 批评的，决定性的，危险的，挑剔的aflexible['fleksəbl]想一想再看adj. 灵活的，易弯曲的，柔韧的，可变通的联想记忆X单词flexible联想记忆：flex弯曲+ible形容词“能…的”→易弯曲的 appeal[ə'pi:l]想一想再看n. 恳求，上诉，吸引力n. 诉诸裁决联想记忆X单词appeal联想记忆：ap一再，peal＝pull拉－一再拉－吸引 deceptive[di'septiv]想一想再看adj. 迷惑的，虚伪的，诈欺的联想记忆X单词deceptive联想记忆：de坏＋cept拿，抓，握住+ive→拿坏的东西来→欺骗性的accurate['ækjurit]想一想再看adj. 准确的，精确的联想记忆X单词accurate联想记忆：ac+cur关心+ate→一再关心，弄精确为止→准确的，精确的unknown['ʌn'nəun]想一想再看adj. 未知的，不出名的exchange[iks'tʃeindʒ]想一想再看n. 交换，兑换，交易所v. 交换，兑换，交competitive[kəm'petitiv]想一想再看adj. 竞争的，比赛的联想记忆X单词competitive联想记忆：“…的”→比赛的 listener['lis com共同+pet追求+itive表形容词，ənə]想一想再看n. 听者，听众improvement[im'pru:vmənt]想一想再看n. 改进，改善Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The biographer has to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject. Too close a relation, and the writer may be objectivity. Not close enough, and the writer may lack the sympathy necessary to any effort to portray a mind, a soul-the quality of life. Who should write the biography of a family, for example? Because of their closeness to the subject, family members may have special information, but by the same token, they may not have the distance that would allow them to be fair. Similarly, a king’s servant might not be the best one to write a biography of that king. But a foreigner might not have the knowledge and sympathy necessary to write the king’s biography-not for a readership from within the kingdom, atany rate.There is no ideal position for such a task. The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the subject. Every position has strengths and weaknesses: to thrive, a writer must try to become aware of these, evaluate them in terms of the subject, and select a position accordingly.When their subjects are heroes or famous figures, biographies often reveal a democratic motive: they attempt to show that their subjects are only human, no better than anyone else. Other biographies are meant to change us, to invite us to become better than we are. The biographies of Jesus found in the Bible are in this class.Biographers may claim that their account is the “authentic”one. In advancing this claim, they are helped if the biography is “authorized” by the subject, this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. “Unauthorized” biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer. In book promotions, the “unauthorized”characterisation usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. A subject might have several biographies,even several “authentic” ones. We sense intuitively that no one is in a position to tell the story of a life, perhaps not even the subject, and this has been proved by the history of biography.31. According to the author, an ideal biographer would be one who ________.A) knows the subject very well and yet maintains a proper distance from himB) is close to the subject and knows the techniques of biography writingC) is independent and treats the subject with fairness and objectivityD) possesses special private information and is sympathetic toward the subject32. The author cites the biographies of Jesus in the Bible in order to show that ________.A) the best biographies are meant to transform their readersB) biographies are authentic accounts of their subjects’ livesC) the best biographies are the of heroes and famous figuresD) biographies can serve different purpose33. Which of the following statements is true, according to thepassage?A) An authentic biography seldom appeals to its readers.B) An authentic biography is one authorized by the subject.C) No one can write a perfect biography.D) Authorized biographies have a wider readership.34. An unauthorized biography is likely to attract more readers because ________.A) it portrays the subject both faithfully and vividlyB) it contains interesting information about the subject’s private lifeC) it reveals a lot of accurate details unknown to outsidersD) it usually gives a sympathetic description of the subject’s character35. In this passage, the author focuses on ________.A) the difficulty of a biographer in finding the proper perspective to do his jobB) the secret of a biographer to win more readersC) the techniques required of a biographer to write a food biographyD) the characteristics of different kinds of biographies重点单词查看全部解释critical['kritikəl]想一想再看adj. 批评的，决定性的，危险的，挑剔的aflexible['fleksəbl]想一想再看adj. 灵活的，易弯曲的，柔韧的，可变通的联想记忆X单词flexible联想记忆：flex弯曲+ible形容词“能…的”→易弯曲的 appeal[ə'pi:l]想一想再看n. 恳求，上诉，吸引力n. 诉诸裁决联想记忆X单词appeal联想记忆：ap一再，peal＝pull拉－一再拉－吸引 deceptive[di'septiv]想一想再看adj. 迷惑的，虚伪的，诈欺的联想记忆X单词deceptive联想记忆：de坏＋cept拿，抓，握住+ive→拿坏的东西来→欺骗性的accurate['ækjurit]想一想再看adj. 准确的，精确的联想记忆X单词accurate联想记忆：ac+cur关心+ate→一再关心，弄精确为止→准确的，精确的unknown['ʌn'nəun]想一想再看adj. 未知的，不出名的exchange[iks'tʃeindʒ]想一想再看n. 交换，兑换，交易所v. 交换，兑换，交competitive[kəm'petitiv]想一想再看adj. 竞争的，比赛的联想记忆X单词competitive联想记忆：“…的”→比赛的 listener['lis com共同+pet追求+itive表形容词，ənə]想一想再看n. 听者，听众improvement[im'pru:vmənt]想一想再看n. 改进，改善Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul” is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby’s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes then the face will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye then the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however,where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants to not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the “proper place to focus one’s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversation partner.”The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves-to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the `precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses:there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.36. The author is convinced that the eyes are ________.A) of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideasB) something through which one can see a person’s inner worldC) of considerable significance in making conversations interestingD) something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate37. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person ________.A) whose front view is fully perceivedB) whose face is covered with a maskC) whose face is seen from the sideD) whose face is free of any covering38. According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partner’s neck because ________.A) they don’t like to keep their eyes on the face of the speakerB) they need not communicate through eye contactC) they don’t think it polite to have eye contactD) they didn’t have much opportunity to communicate througheye contact in babyhood39. According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to ________.A) one temporarily glancing away from the otherB) eye contact of more than one secondC) improperly-timed ceasing of eye contactD) constant adjustment of eye contact40. To keep a conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants ________.A) not to wear dark spectaclesB) not to make any interruptionsC) not to glance away from each otherD) not to make unpredictable pauses重点单词查看全部解释critical['kritikəl]想一想再看adj. 批评的，决定性的，危险的，挑剔的aflexible['fleksəbl]想一想再看adj. 灵活的，易弯曲的，柔韧的，可变通的联想记忆X单词flexible联想记忆：flex弯曲+ible形容词“能…的”→易弯曲的 appeal[ə'pi:l]想一想再看n. 恳求，上诉，吸引力n. 诉诸裁决联想记忆X单词appeal联想记忆：ap一再，peal＝pull拉－一再拉－吸引 deceptive[di'septiv]想一想再看adj. 迷惑的，虚伪的，诈欺的联想记忆X单词deceptive联想记忆：de坏＋cept拿，抓，握住+ive→拿坏的东西来→欺骗性的accurate['ækjurit]想一想再看adj. 准确的，精确的联想记忆X单词accurate联想记忆：ac+cur关心+ate→一再关心，弄精确为止→准确的，精确的unknown['ʌn'nəun]想一想再看adj. 未知的，不出名的exchange[iks'tʃeindʒ]想一想再看n. 交换，兑换，交易所v. 交换，兑换，交competitive[kəm'petitiv]想一想再看adj. 竞争的，比赛的联想记忆X单词competitive联想记忆：“…的”→比赛的 listener['lis com共同+pet追求+itive表形容词，ənə]想一想再看n. 听者，听众improvement[im'pru:vmənt]想一想再看n. 改进，改善21. C22. D23. B24. C25. A26. B27. D28. B29. B30. D31. A32. D33. C34. B35. A36. A37. C38. D39. C40. A重点单词查看全部解释critical['kritikəl]想一想再看adj. 批评的，决定性的，危险的，挑剔的aflexible['fleksəbl]想一想再看adj. 灵活的，易弯曲的，柔韧的，可变通的联想记忆X单词flexible联想记忆：flex弯曲+ible形容词“能…的”→易弯曲的 appeal[ə'pi:l]想一想再看n. 恳求，上诉，吸引力n. 诉诸裁决联想记忆X单词appeal联想记忆：ap一再，peal＝pull拉－一再拉－吸引 deceptive[di'septiv]想一想再看adj. 迷惑的，虚伪的，诈欺的联想记忆X单词deceptive联想记忆：de坏＋cept拿，抓，握住+ive→拿坏的东西来→欺骗性的accurate['ækjurit]想一想再看adj. 准确的，精确的联想记忆X单词accurate联想记忆：ac+cur关心+ate→一再关心，弄精确为止→准确的，精确的unknown['ʌn'nəun]想一想再看adj. 未知的，不出名的exchange[iks'tʃeindʒ]想一想再看n. 交换，兑换，交易所v. 交换，兑换，交competitive[kəm'petitiv]想一想再看adj. 竞争的，比赛的联想记忆X单词competitive联想记忆：“…的”→比赛的 listener['lis com共同+pet追求+itive表形容词，ənə]想一想再看n. 听者，听众improvement[im'pru:vmənt]想一想再看n. 改进，改善第21 页共21 页。

大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案

大学英语CET6阅读试题及答案在学习、工作生活中，我们最离不开的就是试题了，试题有助于被考核者了解自己的真实水平。

你知道什么样的试题才能切实地帮助到我们吗？以下是作者帮大家整理的大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案，希望能够帮助到大家。

大学英语CET6阅读精选试题及答案According to the latest research in the United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to municate、Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boys and girls conversations from an early age、She says that little girls conversation is less definite than boys and expresses more doubts、Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.These differences continue into adult life, she says、In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more、In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style、Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy、For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.Teaching is one job where the differences between mens and womens ways of talking show、When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation、When a woman teaches another woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in、But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful、She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others、Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is preprogrammed for language、As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias(倾向性) in its programming,otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.1、In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk becauseA、it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationshipB、it will help to establish status with their listenersC、it will help to express more clearlyD、it will help to municate better2、There are_______in little girls conversation than in boys.A、fewer doubtsB、more demandsC、more doubtsD、fewer uncertainties3、Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language、The word "pre programmed" means_______.A、programmed alreadyB、programmed before one is bornC、programmed earlyD、programmed by women4、In private conversation, women speakA、the same things as menB、less than menC、more than menD、as much as men5、The theme of this article is _______.A、women are naturally more helpfulB、men and women talk different languagesC、men talk most and interrupt other speakers moreD、little girls conversation is less definite参考答案：1、A 2、C 3、B 4、D 5、B试题及答案Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors、In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging University was rated among the lowest for the a 1987 ,Milburn mended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement、One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs、College of munication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it esto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks、Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work、Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist、"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said、"If they do that will be successful in this they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1、According to Spirduso,women need to ____a report on sexual discriminationfor further improvement in their working conditionstheir energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationmore time and energy doing scholarly activities2、From this passage ,we know that _____.are many women full professors in the University of Texasplay an important part in adminitrating the Universityweather on the campus is chillymake up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3、Which of the following statements is true?number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985number of women professors was the same as that of 1985and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4、One of the positive results from Milburns study was that _____were told to con centrate on teir workwere given information about available administrative jobswere encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5、The title for this passage should be _______.University of TexasReportProfessorsDiscrimination in Academia答案：1、d，2、d，3、a，4、b，5、d。

大学英语六级考试阅读题及答案

大学英语六级考试阅读题及答案大学英语六级考试阅读精选题及答案通过考级能培养英语学习者的学习兴趣与语言的实际应用能力，建立完整的教学评价与检验体系，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语六级辅导练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant work ethic, still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological needs, the feeling of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work defines them; they are what they do. What happens, then when a person can no longer work?Most Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one’s job, whatever it is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know how to use their time or they feel lost without jobs.Retirement can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are increasing very rapidly. Seniorcitizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans to make ends meet. The rate of inflation is forcing prices higher each year; Social Security checks alone cannot cover Medicare (health care) and welfare (general assistance) but many senior citizens have to change their lifestyles after retirement. They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to but food, fuel, and other necessities.Of course, many senior citizens are happy with retirement. They have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies. Some continue to work part time; others do volunteer work. Some, like those in the Retired Business Executives Association, even help young people to get started in new business. Many retired citizens also belong to “Golden Age” groups. These organizations plan trips and social events. There are many opportunities for retirees.Americans society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problem of limited income. They are building new housing, offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services, such as free courses, food service, and help with housework. Retired citizens are a rapidly growing percentage of the population. This part of the population is very important and we must respond to their needs. After all, every citizen will be a senior citizen some day.1.The early immigrants considered work ___.A.too hardB.importantC.pleasantD.dull2.Why do Americans like working? Because working ___.A.doesn’t only mean money but it is also psychologicalB.can make life more comfortableC.can prove people to be independentD.gives people funny3.We can safely put forward that retirees who ___.A.have no financial problems still want to earn more moneyB.have financial problems still feel lostC.have no financial problems still feel lostD.have no financial problems feels it’s hard to make ends meet4.According to the passage the government ___.A.hadn’t paid attention to the retirees’ problemsB.has already solved a lot of retirees’ problemsC.has just begun to pay attention to the r etirees’ problemsD.won’t pay attention to the retirees’ problems5.Which of the following is not steps taken for the benefit of senior citizens by the government?A.New housing has been built.B.The old are offered discounts in stores.C.Senior citizens are provided free courses, food service.D.None.答案：BACCD。

英语四六级阅读训练试卷及详解_(A-21)

It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story: Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.Q: The author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas _______.A. is usually creative and full of initiaitveB. aims to improve his foreign language skillsC. seeks either his own or his children’s developmentD. is dissatisfied with his own life at home答案选C文中讲到了人们选择到国外工作的原因。

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_5

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift”means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always he the upper hand.21. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ________.A) stand stillB) jump asideC) step forwardD) draw back（D）22. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ________.A) cultural self-centerednessB) casual mannersC) indifference towards foreign visitorsD) arrogance towards other cultures（A）23. In countries other than their own most Americans ________.A) are isolated by the local peopleB) are not well informed due to the language barrierC) tend to get along well with the nativesD) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants（B）24. According to the author, Americans’ cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ________.A) affect their image in the new eraB) cut themselves off from the outside worldC) limit their role in world affairsD) weaken the position of the US dollar（C）25. The author’s intention in writing this article is to makeAmericans realize that ________.A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC) it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD) it is time to get acquainted with other culturesQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors. But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels —a woman’s worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is apositive side to high heels. First, heels are excellent for aerating (使通气) lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories. Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one’s physical health. Talk to any podiatrist (足病医生)， and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate (阴沟栅) and being thrown to the ground—possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck. And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.26. What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels?A) The multi-functional use of high heels.B) Their attempt to show off their status.C) The rich variety of high heel styles.D) Their wish to improve their appearance.（D）27. The author’s presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant ________.A) to be ironicB) to poke fun at womenC) to be fair to the fashion industryD) to make his point convincing（B）28. The author uses the expression “those babies” (Line 3, Para. 2) to refer to high heels ________.A) to show their fragile characteristicsB) to indicate their feminine featuresC) to show women’s affection for themD) to emphasize their small size（D）29. The author’s chief argument against high heels is that ________.A) they pose a threat to lawnsB) they are injurious to women’s healthC) they don’t necessarily make women beautifulD) they are ineffective as a weapon of defense（B）30. It can be inferred from the passage that women should ________.A) see through the very nature of fashion mythsB) boycott the products of the fashion industryC) go to a podiatrist regularly for adviceD) avoid following fashion too closelyQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.but my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. It has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America’s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanyingnoise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering (闪烁) at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude (独处的状态) goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic (心理的), and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every fact of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidencewhat will happen to the book as we’ve known it.31. The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is ________.A) rather bleakB) fairly brightC) very impressiveD) quite encouraging（A）32. The author’s biggest concern is ________.A) elementary school children’s disinterest in reading classicsB) the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C) the musical setting American readers require for readingD) the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class （D）33. A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ________.A) their fondness of music and TV programsB) their ignorance of various forms of art and literatureC) their lack of attentiveness and basic understandingD) their inability to focus on conflicting input（C）34. The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ________.A) to be able to appreciate it and memorize itB) to analyze its essential featuresC) to think it over conscientiouslyD) to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value（A）35. About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ________.A) upsetB) uncertainC) alarmedD) pessimisticQuestions 35 to 40 are based on the following passage.For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Apollo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved allaccomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms（隐约出现）as humanity’s next great terra incognita（未探明之地）. And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite（陨石）from valuable data about the range ofconditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.36. According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was ________.A) to display their country’s military mightB) to accomplish some significant scienceC) to find new areas for colonizationD) to pursue commercial and state interests（D）37. At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is ________.A) international cooperationB) scientific researchC) nationalistic reasonsD) long-term pro fits（C）38. What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?A) To find out if life ever existed there.B) To see if humans could survive there.C) To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D) To show the leading role of science in space exploration.（A）39. By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been” (Line 1, Para. 4), the author means that ________.A) with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB) in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC) in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD) with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue（B）40. The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would ________.A) make clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB) confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteoriteC) reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD) provide an explanation why life is common in the universe21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D26. D 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C。

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_11

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world’s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the wide spread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.“If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,” said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get anMBA,’ the answer a lot more is: It depends.”The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing” and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they don’t understand politics and people, and they aren’t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they’re out looking for other jobs.”The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women’s movement.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees of ten know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “They don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business”, said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm.21. According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?A) Scornful.B) Appreciative.C) Envious.D) Realistic.（A）22. It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees had been fueled mainly by ________.A) the complaints from various employersB) the success of many non-MBAsC) the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD) the poor performance of MBAs at work（B）23. What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard Business Review?A) They are usually self-centered.B) They are aggressive and greedy.C) They keep complaining about their jobs.D) They are not good at dealing with people.（D）24. From the passage we know that most MBAs ________.A) can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB) quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC) receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD) cherish unrealistic expectations about their future（D）25. What is the passage mainly about?A) Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B) The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C) Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D) A debate held recently on university campuses.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers. There is some truth to that; the property-tax rate here is one-third lower than the state average. But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkask’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a politicalpoint. Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.It was no coincidence that Kalkaska shut its schools two weeks after residents rejected a 28 percent property-tax increase. The school board argued that without the increase it lacked the $1.5 million needed to keep schools open.But the school system had not done all it could to keep the schools open. Officials declined to borrow against next year’s state aid, they refused to trim extra curricular activities and they did not consider seeking a smaller—perhaps more acceptable—tax increase. In fact, closing early is costing Kalkaska a significant amount, including $600,000 in unemployment payments to teachers and staff and $250,000 in lost state aid. In February, the school system promised teachers and staff two months of retirement payments in case schools closed early, a deal that will cost the district $275,000 more.Other signs suggest school authorities were at least as eager to make a political statement as to keep schools open. The Michigan Education Association hired a public relations firm to stage a rally marking the school closing, which attracted14 local and national television stations and networks. The president of the National Education Association, the MEA’s parent organization, flew from Washington, D. C., for the event. And the union tutored school officials in the art of television interviews. School supervisor Doyle Disbrow acknowledges the district could have kept schools open by cutting programs but denies the moves were politically motivated.Michigan lawmakers have reacted angrily to the closings. The state Senate has al ready voted to put the system into receivership (破产管理) and reopen schools immediately; the Michigan House plans to consider the bill this week.26. We learn from the passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded ________.A) by both the local and state governmentsB) exclusively by the local governmentC) mainly by the state governmentD) by the National Education Association（A）27. One of the purposes for which school officials closed classes was ________.A) to avoid paying retirement benefits to teachers and staffB) to draw the attention of local taxpayers to political issuesC) to make the financial difficulties of their teachers andstaff known to the publicD) to pressure Michigan lawmakers into increasing state funds for local schools（D）28. The author seems to disapprove of ________.A) the Michigan lawmakers’ endless debatingB) the shutting of schools in KalkaskaC) the involvement of the mass mediaD) delaying the passage of the school funding legislation（B）29. We learn from the passage that school authorities in Kalkaska are concerned about ________.A) a raise in the property-tax rate in MichiganB) reopening the schools there immediatelyC) the attitude of the MEA’s parent organizationD) making a political issue of the closing of the schools（D）30. According to the passage, the closing of the schools developed into a crisis because of ________.A) the complexity of the problemB) the political motives on the part of the educatorsC) the weak response of the state officialsD) the strong protest on the part of the students’ parents Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.German Chancellor (首相) Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy (遗产) includes many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world’s first workers’ compensation law in 1884.By 1908, the United States was the only industrial nation in the world that lacked workers’compensation insurance. America’s injured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace. The first state workers’ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon spread throughout the nation.After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not keep up with the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levelswere lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers’compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, including one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states’average weekly wages.In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states’ average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 per cent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims. And with so much more money floating in the workers’compensation system, it’s not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.31. The world’s first workers’ compensation law was introduced by Bismarck ________.A) to make industrial production saferB) to speed up the pace of industrializationC) out of religious and political considerationsD) for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement（C）32. We learn from the passage that the process of industrialization in Europe ________.A) was accompanied by an increased number of workshop accidentsB) resulted in the development of popular social insurance programsC) required workers to be aware of the potential dangers at the workplaceD) met growing resistance from laborers working at machines （A）33. One of the problems the American injured workers faced in getting compensation in the early 19th century was that ________.A) they had to have the courage to sue for damages in a court of lawB) different states in the U.S. had totally different compensation programsC) America’s average compensation benefit was much lower than the cost of livingD) they had to produce evidence that their employers were responsible for the accident（D）34. After 1972 workers’ compensation insurance in the U.S. became more favorable to workers so that ________.A) the poverty level for a family of four went up drasticallyB) there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claimsC) the number of workers suing for damages increasedD) more money was allocated to their compensation system（C）35. The author ends the passage with the implication that ________.A) compensation benefits in America are soaring to new heightsB) the workers are not the only ones to benefit from the compensation systemC) people from all walks of life can benefit from the compensation systemD) money floating in the compensation system is a huge drain on the U.S. economyQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productive economy... We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.”Americans have responded to Lebow’s call, and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies—Japan and the United States—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever prevalent.Overconsumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate.Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches.Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.Of course, the opposite of over-consumption—poverty—is nosolution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert.If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?36. The emergence of the affluent society after World War II ________.A) gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumersB) gave rise to the dominance of the new egoismC) led to the reform of the retailing systemD) resulted in the worship of consumerism（D）37. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is ________.A) the conversion of the sale of goods into ritualsB) the people’s desire for a rise in their living standardsC) the imbalance that has existed between production and consumptionD) the concept that one’s success is measured by how much they consume（D）38. Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing?A) Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.B) Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.C) Because overconsumption won’t last long due to unrestricted population growth.D) Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.（B）39. According to the passage, consumerist culture ________.A) cannot thrive on a fragile economyB) will not aggravate environmental problemsC) cannot satisfy human spiritual needsD) will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries（C）40. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) human spiritual needs should match material affluenceB) there is never an end to satisfying people’s material needsC) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issueD) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D。

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_4

2021年6月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers—all these are being challenged. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could haveforeseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip (集成块), would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.21. A characteristic of the information age is that ________.A) the service industry is relying more and more on the female work forceB) manufacturing industries are steadily increasingC) people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factoriesD) most of the job opportunities can now be found in the serviceindustry22. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ________.A) the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificantB) people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold trueC) most people have to take part-time jobsD) people have to change their jobs from time to time23. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that ________.A) people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technologyB) future achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changesC) the importance of high technology has been overlookedD) computer science will play a leading role in the future information services24. The future will probably belong to those who ________.A) possess and know how to make use of informationB) give full play to their brain potentialC) involve themselves in service industriesD) cast their minds ahead instead of looking back25. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A) Computers and the Knowledge SocietyB) Service Industries in Modern SocietyC) Features and Implications of the New EraD) Rapid Advancement of Information TechnologyQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributednot to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Ann Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would votefor them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.26. The word “liability” (Para. 1. Line 4) most probably means “________”.A) misfortuneB) instabilityC) disadvantageD) burden27. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.A) reinforces the feminine qualities requiredB) makes women look more honest and capableC) is of primary importance to womenD) often enables women to succeed quickly28. Bowman’s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness ________.A) turns out to be an obstacleB) affects men and women alikeC) has as little effect on men as on womenD) is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women29. It can be inferred from the passage that people’s viewson beauty are often ________.A) practicalB) prejudicedC) old-fashionedD) radical30. The author writes this passage to ________.A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB) give advice to job-seekers who are attractiveC) demand equal rights for womenD) emphasize the importance of appearance重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several booksthat have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to” material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewingdoes not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis (诊断) and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.31. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.A) generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journalismB) importance should be attached to the systematic study ofjournalistic interviewingC) concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewingD) personal experience and general impression should be excluded from journalistic interviews32. Much research has been done on interviews in general ________.A) so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthenedB) though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attentionC) but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglectedD) and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing33. Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, ________.A) but most of them wish to stay away from itB) and many of them hope to be interviewed some dayC) and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of itD) but most of them may not have been interviewed in person34. Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?A) The patient.B) The physician.C) The journalist.D) The psychologist.35. The text is most likely a part of a ________.A) news articleB) journalistic interviewC) research reportD) preface重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began theprocess of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident-the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. Electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful).Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of thefruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. 36. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that ________.A) it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB) they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC) it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD) the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes37. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage________.A) some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the home economyB) the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the home economyC) producing traditional goods at home became socially unacceptableD) whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant38. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ________.A) as wage earnersB) both as manufactures and consumersC) both as workers and purchasersD) as customers39. Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new goods and services because ________.A) the family was not efficient in productionB) it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC) it could not supply them by itselfD) the market for these goods and services was limited40. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ________.A) the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for the needed goods and servicesB) many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC) consumers relied more and more on the market economyD) the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplace重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词meinterview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的21. D22. B23. B24. A25. C26. C27. A28. D29. B30. A31. B32. C33. D34. A35. D36. D37. B38. C39. C40. A重点单词查看全部解释unattractive想一想再看adj. 不吸引人注意的；没有魅力的；不美丽的measured['meʒəd]想一想再看adj. 量过的，慎重的，基于标准的，有韵律的动词me interview['intəvju:]想一想再看n. 接见，会见，面试，面谈vt. 接见，采impression[im'preʃən]想一想再看n. 印象，效果联想记忆X单词impression联想记忆：impress印象+ion→印象；感想 sophisticated[sə'fistikeitid]想一想再看adj. 诡辩的，久经世故的，精密的，老练的，尖端的联想记忆X单词sophisticated联想记忆：sophist诡辩+icate+d→老于世故的；精致复杂的 emphasize['emf əsaiz]想一想再看vt. 强调，着重employee[.emplɔi'i:]想一想再看n. 雇员联想记忆X单词employee联想记忆：employ雇用+ee表名词，“被动或主动的人”→雇员 source[sɔ:s]想一想再看n. 发源地，来源，原始资料rank[ræŋk]想一想再看n. 等级，阶层，排，列v. 分等级，排列，respectable[ri'spektəbl]想一想再看n. 品格高尚的人adj. 值得尊重的，人格联想记忆X单词respectable联想记忆：respect尊敬+able→可敬的第21 页共21 页。

(21上)大学英语六级考试历年真题精解

试卷对收录的每道真题都进行了详尽的解读：写作部分给出高分范文及译文，另对范文的结构、用词和句型进行点评；听力部分重点培养考生通过卷面信息进行听前预测的能力，帮助考生把握听音重点、提高解题速度；阅读所有文章均给出全文翻译，标示解题线索，全方位解析考题，注重培养考生科学的解题思路，提高学生的实战能力；段落翻译部分给出优质译文，精析译点，点拨翻译技巧。
谢谢观看
套）
5
大学英语六级考试2019年12
月真题（第二
套）
大学英语六级考试2019年12
1
月真题（第三
套）
大学英语六级 2
考试2020年7 月真题
3
大学英语六级考试2020年9
月真题（第一
套）
4
大学英语六级考试2020年9
月真题（第二
套、第三套）
5
大学英语六级考试2020年12
月真题（第一
套）
（21上）大学英语六级考试历年真题精解
读书笔记模板
01 思维导图
03 读书笔记 05 作者介绍

目录
02 内容摘要 04 目录分析 06 精彩摘录
思维导图
关键字分析思维导图
部分
答案
考试
考生
速查
解题
大学
历年
听力
考试
真题
大学
年月
考试
英语六级
内容摘要
《（21上）大学英语六级考试历年真题精解》收录多题多卷，包含2019年6月至2020年12月共12套六级真题。
大学英语六级考试 2020年12月真题
（第三套）
大学英语六级考试 2020年12月真题
（第二套）
答案速查
作者介绍

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案_1

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (小虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an intensely dry region in the south-west of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50C are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps are the size and have the appearance of grains of sand. When sufficient spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch (孵化). Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, thewater in the lake equally rapidly evaporates. Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the thirteenth day and the next, during the final hours of their brief lives, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If sufficient rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is insufficient rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary. Very, very occasionally, perhaps twice in a hundred years, sufficient rain falls to form a deep lake that lasts a month or more. In this case, the species passes through two cycles of growth, egg-laying, and death. Thus, on such occasions, the species multiplies considerably, which further ensures its survival.21. Which of the following is the MOST distinctive feature ofMojave shrimps?A) Their lives are brief.B) They feed on plant and animal organisms.C) Their eggs can survive years of drought.D) They lay their eggs in the mud.22. By saying “for the shrimps it is a race against time” (Para. 3, line 2) the author means ________.A) they have to swim fast to avoid danger in the rapidly evaporating lakeB) they have to swim fast to catch the animal organisms on which they surviveC) they have to multiply as many as possible within thirteen daysD) they have to complete their life cycle within a short span of time permitted by the environment23. The passage mainly deals with ________.A) the life span of the Mojave shrimpsB) the survival of desert shrimpsC) the importance of water to lifeD) life in the Mojave Desert24. The word “dormant” (Para. 4, Line 3) most probably means ________.A) inactiveB) strongC) alertD) soft25. It may be inferred from the passage that ________.A) appearance and size are most important for life to survive in the desertB) a species must be able to multiply quickly in order to surviveC) for some species one life cycle in a year is enough to survive the desert droughtD) some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in extremely harsh conditionsQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Opportunities for rewarding work become fewer for both men and women as they grow older. After age 40, job hunting becomes even more difficult. Many workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather than face possible rejection. Our youth-oriented, throw-away culture sees little value in older people. In writer Lilian Hellman’s words, they have “the wisdom that comes with age that we can’t make use of. “Unemployment and economic need for work is higher among olderwomen, especially minorities, than among younger white women.A national council reports these findings: though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism (缺勤), perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing to learn than men or younger women. Yet many older women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their retirement years. When “sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep it moves in,” according to Tish Sommers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organization for Women. Yet a 1981 report on the White House Conference on Aging shows that as a group, older Americans are the “wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most self-reliant older population in our history. “This statement is small comfort to those living below the poverty line, but it does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and fears. Opportunities for moving in and up in a large company may shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have few role models because in previous generations the life span was much shorter and expectations of life were fewer. They are ploughing new ground.Employers are beginning to recognize that the mature person can bring a great deal of stability and responsibility to a position. One doesn’t lose ability and experience on the eve of one’s 65th or 70th birthday any more than one grows up instantly at age 21.26. After the age of 40, ________.A) most workers are tired of their present jobsB) many workers tend to stick their present jobsC) people find their jobs more rewarding than beforeD) people still wish to hunt for more suitable jobs27. From Heilman’s remark, we can see that ________.A) full use has been made of the wisdom of older peopleB) the wisdom of older people is not valued by American societyC) older people are no less intelligent than young peopleD) the wisdom of older people is of great value to American society28. Tish Sommers argues that ________.A) older women find it hard to escape povertyB) older women usually perform better in their jobsC) the major cause of the poverty of older women is sexismD) more people have come to believe in sexism and ageism29. According to the third paragraph, it can be seen that older Americans ________.A) have more job opportunities than young peopleB) live below the poverty lineC) have new opportunities to remain active in societyD) no longer believe in the promise of a happy life upon retirement30. It can be concluded from the passage that the writer ________.A) calls attention to the living conditions of older AmericansB) believes that value of older people is gaining increasing recognitionC) attempts to justify the youth-oriented, throw-away culture of the United StatesD) argues people should not retire at the age of 65 or 70Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing can exceed the joy of discovering for yourself something that is important to you! It may be an idea or a bit of information you come across accidentally—or a sudden insight, fitting together pieces of information or workingthrough a problem. Such personal encounters are the “payoff”in education. A teacher may direct you to learning and even encourage you in it—but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy happen. That’s up to you.A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor, leads you beyond classroom, beyond the texts for classes and into a process where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and individual process, and ideal learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, that are basic to education. But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to suit a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is more than just a classroom exercise. It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis of many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovering, an education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a thoroughly satisfying experience!To some, the thought of having to write an assigned number ofpages, often more than ever produced before, is disconcerting. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is threatening. But there is no need to approach the research paper assignment with anxiety, and nobody should view the research paper as an obstacle to overcome. Instead, consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within reach if you use the help this book can give you.31. According to the writer, personal discoveries ________.A) will give one encouragement and directionB) are helpful in finding the right informationC) are the most valuable part of one’s personal educationD) will help one to successfully complete school assignments32. It can be inferred from the passage that writing a research paper gives one chances ________.A) to fully develop one’s personal abilitiesB) to use the skills learnt in the classroomC) to prove that one is a productive writerD) to demonstrate how well one can accomplish school assignment33. From the context, the word “disconcerting” (Para. 3, Line2) most probably means ________.A) misleadingB) embarrassingC) stimulatingD) upsetting34. The writer argues in the passage that ________.A) one should explore new areas in researchB) one should trust one’s own ability to meet course requirementsC) one should consider research paper writing a pleasure, not a burdenD) one should use all one’s knowledge and skills when doing research35. What will probably follow this passage?A) How to write a research paper.B) The importance of research in education.C) How to make new discoveries for oneself.D) The skill of putting pieces of information together.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”—feeling important and worth-while-and the sources of what we call a sense “pleasure”-finding life enjoyable-are not always identical. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.”Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You chose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—What’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem (自尊), a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is composed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism (乐观). It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that bothmastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who were not employed.A woman’s well-being is enhanced (增进) when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles-marriages, motherhood, and employment were the highest in well-being, despite warnings about stress and strain.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.A) for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”B) for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”C) women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same timeD) a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both indispensable to women37. The author’s attitude towards women having a career is ________.A) criticalB) positiveC) neutralD) realistic38. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, ________.A) it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strainB) she will be more successful in her careerC) her chances of getting promoted will be greaterD) her life will be richer and more meaningful39. Which of the following can be identified as a source of “pleasure” for women?A) Family lifeB) Regular employmentC) Multiple roles in societyD) Freedom from anxiety40. The most appropriate title for the passage would be ________.A) The well-being of Career WomenB) Sources of Mastery and PleasureC) Two Aspects of Women’s Well-BeingD) Freedom Roles Women in Society21. C22. D23. B24. A25. D26. B27. C28. A29. C30. B31. C32. A33. B34. C35. A36. D37. B38. D39. A40. C。

大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit21（A）

Unit 21Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance(异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past—and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of year.Most important, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates(灵长⽬动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign(宜⼈的)global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared —is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern or climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.21. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged .A) to give up his former way of lifeB) to leave the coastal areasC) to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD) to abandon his original settlement22. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate .A) is going through a fundamental changeB)has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC) will eventually change from hot to coldD) has gone through periodical change23. Scientists believe that human evolution .A) has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB) has exerted little influence on climatic changesC) has largely been effected by climatic changesD) has had a major impact on climatic changes24. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that .A) human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environmentB) Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC) Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD) Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future25. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that .A) human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB) mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC) man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD) human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of naturePassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess（公爵夫⼈）Of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself haveFantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for thebetter—or worse—part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unlessan unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result isthat being fat－or even only somewhat overweight－is bad because it implies a lack of moralstrength.Our obsession(迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem—too much fat and a lack of fiber—than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get(or already are)thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory(虚荣)。

大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit21（B）

Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passageWar may be a natural expression of biological instincts and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality(守卫地盘的天性)are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate(天⽣的)survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical(道德上的)patterns within which human violence has been directed.The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery , control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection. The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence ,the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms its supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.31.Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that .A)it threatens the existing social systemsB) it is influenced by societyC) it has roots in religious conflictsD) it is directed against institutions of law32.The function of legal systems, according to the passage is .A)to control violence within a societyB) to protect the world from chaosC) to free society from the idea of revengeD) to give the government absolute power33.What does the author mean by saying “…in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused” (Lines5-6, Para.2 )?A) Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B) Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.C) Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.D) Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.34.The word “allegiance” ( Line5, Para.3 )is closest in meaning to .A)loyaltyB) ObjectiveC) survivalD) motive35.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A) Governments tend to abuse their supreme power in times of war.B) In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.C) In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.D) Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）Unit 21Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance(异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past—and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of year.Most important, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates(灵长目动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign(宜人的)global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern or climate change in the pastreveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.21. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged.A) to give up his former way of lifeB) to leave the coastal areasC) to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD) to abandon his original settlement22. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate .A) is going through a fundamental changeB)has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC) will eventually change from hot to coldD) has gone through periodical change23. Scientists believe that human evolution .A) has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB) has exerted little influence on climatic changesC) has largely been effected by climatic changesD) has had a major impact on climatic changes24. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that .A) human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environmentB) Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC) Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD) Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future25. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that .A) human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB) mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC) man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD) human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess（公爵夫人）Of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it.I myself haveFantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for thebetter—or worse—part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unlessan unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result isthat being fat－or even only somewhat overweight－is bad because it implies a lackof moralstrength.Our obsession(迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem—too much fat and a lack of fiber —than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get(or already are)thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory(虚荣)。