2020届上海格致中学奉贤校区高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案

2020届上海格致中学奉贤校区高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Experts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.
Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!
Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.
Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.
While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!
1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?
A. Sheep.
B. Donkeys.
C. Cows.
D. Pigs.
2. How is the third paragraph developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By providing examples.
C. By listing data.
D. By asking questions.
3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Few people eat insects regularly.
B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.
C. Insects contain various vitamins.
D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.
B
A cheap printed sensor could transmit wildfire warnings. Wildfires have recently destroyed regions across the world, and theirgravityis increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchersled by Yapei Wang, a Chinese chemist ofRenminUniversity, say they have developed an inexpensive sensor to detect such fires earlier with less effort.
Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other alerts come from routine foot patrols and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on the ground," Wang says. “ When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late. ”
The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunks' bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a dramatic temperature increase. That heat also powers the sensor itself, without replacing batteries. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor for just $ 0.40.
But improving coordination among the different agencies involved in firefighting is even more crucial to address, says Graham Kent, an earthquake expert at theUniversityofNevada,Reno, who was not part of the study.Kentis director of ALERTWildfire, a network that uses cameras and crowd sourcing to watch for fires inCalifornia,NevadaandOregon. “The whole way that you respond to a fire until it's put out is like a ballet," he says. “You'd have to choreograph (设计) it just so, with resources precisely used at the right time and place and in the right order from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment (熄灭).Fire detection is just step one.
Wang says his team's next steps are to extend the device'ssignal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield for it. The transmitter's effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be examined in the field ahead.
4. What does the underlined word “gravity” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Pull.
B. Extinction.
C. Popularity.
D. Severity.
5. What do we know about the sensor?
A. Its price remains high.
B. Its batteries are replaceable.
C. It can detect fires earlier and easier.
D. It can reduce firefighters' pain.
6. What doesKentmean in paragraph 4?
A. Firefighting is easy but crucial.
B. Fire detection resources are rich.
C. Putting out a fire is an orderly activity.
D. Technology is the key to extinguishing a fire.
7. What's the plan for the new sensor according to Wang?
A. Improving and testing it.
B. Limiting its use and transmission.
C. Examing and reducing its signal range.
D. Getting it on the market ahead of time.
C
While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students inAuckland,New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher.Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student’s desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come.
The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human-like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector’s “Be sustainable with energy”— a free program forAucklandelementary schools.
Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.
Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”
The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “ What was
fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.
8. What was special for some elementary school students inAuckland?
A. A digital teacher taught them.
B. They first saw something digital.
C. This was the start of a new school year.
D. They could get close to smartphone screen.
9. What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?
A. It can smile back.
B. It can use microphone.
C. It can talk any topic for free.
D. It can change if necessary.
10. What’s Ravishankar’s attitude to Will’s replacing Human educators soon?
A. Optimistic.
B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear.
D. Disapproving.
11. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. New High-tech Contributes to Education
B. The World’s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom.
C. The World’s First Digital Teacher, a Help to Students
D.New ZealandWill Replace Teachers in Classrooms
D
“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity,which is out of date.” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities.”
There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. Another parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.
A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.
As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.
Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid,” she said.
12. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?
A. It is unreasonable.
B. It is advanced.
C. It is accepted by teachers.
D. It is refused by rich people.
13. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?
A. Parents make kids popular.
B. Parents provide little money for kids.
C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.
D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.
14. What should parents do according to Julie?
A. Do as wealthy parents do.
B. Make kids be prepared.
C. Make roads be prepared.
D. Do as little as possible.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Helicopter Parenting.
B. The Similarity in Parenting.
C. A Research on Parenting.
D. A New Kind of Parenting.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Should you eat to live or live to eat? It’s a question posed by French playwright Moliere in his workThe Miser. While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant.______16______Maybe not.
Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet? If dining solo, you can make the choice depending on your desires at exactly the time you’re hungry! And why does it have to be a restaurant? You could eat in a park, garden or even your bed — the point is, the choice is yours!______17______According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter, a bit of loneliness can help your brain to
relax and may help you concentrate more.
___18___Maybe it’s apungent(刺鼻) cheese or fish. We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others. When dining alone, we can consume whatever we like, with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily. Often, if you want a salad and your partner wants some less healthy dish, you end up ordering the same. And if you don’t get the same, you might end up with food envy as you watch someone enjoy a pizza.
Finally, for some, dining alone can be a necessity.______19______Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someonesmack their lips(咂嘴)! So, is eating alone bad? Well, it may not be for everyone, but there certainly are some benefits to it.___20___
A. Is dining alone really that bad?
B. We all have foods we like and dislike.
C. Try it sometime — you might just like it!
D. It helps those who want to lose weight most.
E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off.
F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there?
G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
My car and my best friend
For most, getting your first car opens up a new world of freedom and allows you to go wherever you want, whenever you want. Getting a car did___21___this for me, and it also brought my best friend and me___22___But then it tore us apart (分开).
My best friend lives three minutes from my___23___Since her___24___is in late summer, seven months behind mine, I basically became her___25___when I turned16 inDecember.
And so I___26___her up for school and took her home. We made ice-cream___27___, went shopping and to the movies―all in my car. I would drive to her house just to sit on her bed, read magazines and have a good laugh. I went to her house so___28___that she gave me a key___29___her house.
A week after I got my license (驾照), she was with me___30___I had my first accident. She was there and___31___me and we kept it a___32___, since I didn’t want people to___33___From then on, through thick and thin (共患难), it was just me , my car and my best friend.
High school is a time of___34___, but I couldn’t___35___for a long time___36___we became so distant (疏远) after being so close. My friend waited three months after her birthday to get her dream car：a green 2004 Beetle. With its___37___,the passenger seat of my car became___38___Our car trips became less frequent (频繁的)___39___I didn’t even drive down her street.
It’s funny how a car can change a relationship so much. I had wanted her to get a car, but once she did, I___40___it. I wanted her friendship back, even if it couldn’t be the same.
21. A. some B. any C. none D. all
22. A. closer B. farther C. luckier D. happier
23. A. neighbor B. school C. home D. family
24. A. holiday B. birthday C. course D. job
25. A. guide B. follower C. partner D. driver
26. A. picked B. woke C. called D. hurried
27. A. parties B. trips C. plans D. classes
28. A. happily B. frequently C. hardly D. seldom
29. A. to B. on C. of D. for
30. A. while B. but C. when D. after
31. A. saved B. suggested C. advised D. comforted
32. A. favorite B. secret C. pride D. joke
33. A. help B. see C. know D. laugh
34. A. change B. disappointment C. friendship D. excitement
35. A. believe B. answer C. imagine D. understand
36. A. when B. where C. how D. what
37. A. arrival B. dream C. return D. beauty
38. A. broken B. crowded C. empty D. different
39. A. however B. until C. as D. before
40. A. lost B. received C. enjoyed D. regretted
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
China sent up its first Mars probe(探测器)Tianwen1on Thursday. It is expected____41.____(reach) the planet in about seven months. The mission to Mars is much____42.____(hard) compared to that to the moon.
China’s Mars mission,____43.____(design) for the mapping of key zones of the planet’s surface, indicates the country’s space science and technology____44.____(progress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determination and perseverance(毅力) of the Chinese nation in looking for____45.____(science) truth.
Tianwen 1has immediately grabbed people’s attention after its launch, and____46.____is reported that there’re countless discussions on topics related to spaceflight and the exploration of outer space. People’s____47.____(curious) about the unknown and thirst for knowledge are____48.____(obvious) aroused whenever the country makes breakthroughs in space exploration. And astronauts, scientists and engineers are becoming role models____49.____more and more young people. The “Mars fever” that has been aroused shows people’s desire to know more about space, which requires more innovations(创新) to discover more about the universe____50.____we live.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last weekend, my British friend, Jim, spotted paper cutting stand when we were wandering on the street. Had never seen paper-cuts, he immediately bought one. Therefore, the seller shook her head at the moment she saw the 100-yuan note Jim handed to her. She had no changes! How disappointed Jim was! He was about to quit while I took out my cellphone, scan the QR code on the stand and paid five yuan. Jim was very surprising. I explained to her that nowadays we could pay with a cellphone for almost everything. “Wow!” Jim said, “the paper-cut looks great, and the payment method seems even great!”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Ever since she was a little girl, Sally had wanted to skydive from a plane. So, when her 40th birthday arrived, she was surprised and pleased when her children presented her with a gift certificate from the local skydiving center.
“Thanks, kids. You’ve made my dream come true,” she said.
The big day came, and Sally arrived at the skydiving center early in the morning. “First, we’re going to go through some safety information,” the instructor told Sally and the other customers. “Safety is the most important part of skydiving,” the instructor continued. “This parachute is what will keep you alive today.”
After the morning’s training was over, it was finally time to take to the skies. As she’d never skydived before, Sally was paired up with John, an experienced skydiver who worked at the center.
“I’ve done this loads of times before,” he assured her. “We’ll jump from the plane together; we’ll share the same parachute,” John explained. “OK. I trust you,” Sally said with a smile.
After waiting all her life to do this, she was impatient to go up in the plane. Sally and the others walked to the airfield. “We’ll go first,” John told Sally. “Put this earpiece in so I can talk to you through my radio.” As the plane took off, Sally was so excited that she forgot to put the earpiece in. “I’m finally doing this,” she thought to herself, unaware of her mistake.
The plane was soon over 3,000 meters up, and Sally and John were sitting at the plane’s open door, ready to jump. “OK, Sally, let’s do this!” John shouted as he launched the pair of them into the sky. Wind was soon rushing through Sally’s hair as she dropped quickly to the ground.
“Oh, my parachute won’t open,” John said into his radio. “You’ll have to open yours,” he added, but there was no reply. “Sally. SALLY?” he shouted, his voice full of fear.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
But Sally hadn’t heard a word John had just said.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
Paragraph 2:
They seemed so close to the ground now and Sally was scared for her life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D
16. A 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. C
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32.
B 33.
C 34. A 35.
D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. to reach
42. harder 43. designed
44. has progressed
45. scientific
46. it 47. curiosity
48. obviously
49. for 50. where
51.(1). spotted后加a
(2). Had→Having
(3). Therefore→However
(4). at the moment去at
(5).changes→change
(6). while→when
(7). scan→scanned
(8).surprising→surprised
(9).her→him
(10). great→greater
52.略。