希腊罗马复习题

简答题
1.What are the major elements in European culture ?
2. Who was Homer ? What were his two famous epics ?
3.When did Greek culture reach a high point of development ?
4. What are the four great classics in Europe
5.What is the importance of the Bible and Christianity in Western culture ?
6.Which book is by far the most influential in the West ?
7.What are the two great reservoirs of Modern English ?
8.Why is the Middle Ages also called the “ Age s of Faith ” ?
Keys:
1.The major elements in European culture are: the Greco-Roman
element, and the Judeo-Christian element.
2.Homer was the author of Greek two famous epics, and the
epics were: Iliad and Odyssey
3. Greek culture reach a high point of development in the 5th century
B.C.
4. Homer’s Iliad; Dante’s: The Divine Comedy;
William Shakespeare’s: Hamlet; Goethe’s: Faust
5. Among all the religious by which people seek to worship,
Christianity is by far the most influential in the West. Every
phase of man’s life is touched by this religion, so much so that
it has become part and parcel of Western culture.
6. Among all the religions by which people seek to worship, The
Bible is the most popular book in the culture of mankind.
7. It is generally accepted that the English Bible and Shakespeare are
two great reservoirs of Modern English.
8. In the Late Middle Ages, almost everyone in western Europe was a
Christian and a member of the Christian Church. Christianity took
the lead in politics, law, art, and learning for hundreds of years. It
shaped people's lives. That is why the Middle Ages is also called the "Age of Faith".
论述题
1.Why should we take this course: European Culture: An Introduction ?
English culture is a part of European culture and language cannot be learned without some knowledge of the culture behind it.
Further, European culture itself is a part of world culture. Some knowledge of it is necessary to us as citizens of the world, particularly so when our country is going ahead with modernization and taking an active part in world affairs.
2.What is the Hebrews' major contribution to the world civilization ?
Some 3,800 years ago the ancestors of the Jews — the Hebrews —wandered through the deserts of the Middle East. They were travelling merchants, moving from one trading post to the next. And that was how they came to be called "Hebrews", which means "wanderers". About 1300 B.C., the Hebrews came to settle in Palestine, known as Canaan at that time, and formed small kingdoms.Their history was handed down orally from one generation to another in the form of folktales and stories, which were recorded later in the Old Testament, which still later became the first part of the Christian Bible, Though a minor tribe in ancient Middle East with a small population, the Hebrews made one of the greatest contributions to the world civilization.
3.Which book is the most popular one in the culture of mankind ? And why ?
The Bible is the most popular book in the culture of mankind. It is the essential of western civilization, having shaped the western
civilization more decisively than anything else ever written. It is much more than a religious book. Reflecting most extensively western ideas and culture, the Bible is really an encyclopedia. All in one, it is history; it is literature, it is record of great minds. It has left enormous influence on the human race. After the Latin version came the translations in modern languages. Into every country where Christianity spread, the Bible was translated into the language of that country. No other book has been translated into so many languages. By 1963,the whole of the Bible had been translated in 228 languages and parts into 974 languages --- a total of 1202, including tribal tongues.。