2020届邯郸市第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2020届邯郸市第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Information on school visits to Kew Gardens
Enjoy yourselves in a wonderland of science with over 50,000 living plants and a variety of educational events or amusing activities. Here is essential information about planning a school visit to Kew.
Educational course prices
You can plan a self-led visit or book one of our educational courses. Students will take part in the educational courses in groups of 15. Prices vary according to different situations.
EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage) to Key Stage 4:
45-minute course: 35/group 90-minute course: 70/group
Key Stage 5:
Half day (one course): 80/group Full day (two courses): 160/group
Teachers and adults:
Up to required key stage proportions (比例): Free
Adults needed for 1:1 special educational needs support: Free
Adults above the required proportions: 11/person
The payment will due within 28 calendar days of making the booking.
Health and safety
Required supervising (监护) adult-student proportions:
Key Stage 1: 1:5 Key Stage 2: 1:8
Key stage 3: 1:10 Key Stage 4: 1:12
Key Stage 5: 1:12
The group sizes should be controlled if you are visiting potentially busy areas such as the glasshouse and other attractions. The maximum number of students visiting the glasshouses is 15 per group and each group to Kew shops should include no more than 10 students.
If there is an emergency, please contact the nearest Kew staff member or call Constabulary on 0208 32 3333 for direct and quick support. Please do not call 999.
Planning your visit
Your tickets and two planning passes will be sent to you upon receipt of your payment. You can complete your risk assessment with the passes, ensure you bring your tickets and the receipt document and show them to the staff members at the gate on the day of your visit.
Recommended timings
The Kew Gardens opens at 10 am. You are recommended to spend at least three to five hours on your visit. The closing time varies throughout the year. But the earliest is 3:30 pm. We have a fixed schedule for educational courses, which is from 10:30 am to 2:20 pm.
1.How much should a group of 15 Key Stage I students and 4 teachers pay for a 45-minute course?
A.35
B.46
C.57
D.81
2.What should one do in an emergency?
A.Check the risk assessment.
B.Call 999 immediately.
C.Ask adults or teachers for help.
D.Seek help from the staff member nearby.
3.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To introduce Kew Gardens.
B.To give tips on visiting Kew Gardens.
C.To attract potential visitors to Kew Gardens.
D.To inform coming activities in Kew Gardens.
B
Why isn’t science better? Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good. Government officials are supposed to work for their constituents. Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis. And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorous and skeptical of methods.
All too often, however, what should be just isn’t so. In a number of scientific fields, published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制), or to have smaller effects than, what was initially claimed. Plenty of science does replicate — meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them -but the amount that doesn’t is too much for comfort.
But there are also waysin which scientists increase their chances of getting it wrong. Running studies with small samples, mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiment’s results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.
It’s not like we don't know how to do better. Scientists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades. Unfortunately, their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why? Why aren't scientific methods better than they are? In a word: incentives. But perhaps not in the way you think.
In the 1970s, psychologists and economists began to point out the danger in relying on quantitative measures for social decision-making. For example, when public schools are evaluated by students’ performance on standardized tests, teachers respond by teaching “to the test”. In turn, the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the test.
We can see this principle—often summarized as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”—playing out in the realm of research. Science is a competitive enterprise. There are far more credentialed (授以证书的) scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or comparably prestigious research positions. Once someone acquires a research position, there is additional competition for tenure grant funding, and support and placement for graduate students. Due to this competition for resources, scientists must be evaluated and compared. How do you tell if someone is a good scientist?
An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals, as well as the status of those journals. Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different. Unfortunately, this also makes these numbers susceptible to exploitation.
If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals, we might expect them to actively try to game the system. And certainly, some do—as seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈). If malicious fraud is the prime concern, then perhaps the solution is simply heightened alertness.
However, most scientists are, I believe, genuinely interested in learning about the world, and honest. The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals.
4. Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scientific field?
A. Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.
B. The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.
C. Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments' results.
D. The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.
5. What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragraph probably refer to?
A. The public.
B. The incentive initiators.
C. The peer researchers.
D. The high-impact journal editors.
6. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A. Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.
B. Competition for resources inspires researchers to work in a more skeptical way.
C. All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.
D. The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.
7. According to the author, what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research?
A. High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.
B. The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.
C. Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.
D. Career incentives for scientists are expected to consider their personal intention.
C
A former UPS driver and his wife have made history by donating $20 million to Morgan State University – the largest gift any historically black college or university (HBCU) has ever received from a former student. The money, pledged by Calvin Tyler Jr and his wife Tina, will fund scholarships that were established under the Tylers’ name in 2002.
Tyler grew up in a low-income family and was forced to drop out of Morgan State University in 1963 because he could no longer afford to study. The following year, Tyler saw a job advertisement in a Baltimore newspaper from United Parcel Service and got a job with the company as a driver. He rose through the ranks during his 34-year career at the global shipping company to become its senior vice president of US operations and a member of the board of directors before retiring in 1998.
Tyler and his wife, also a Baltimore native, have lived all across the country but he said they have never forgotten their humble beginnings.
Their latest pledge follows a $5million commitment they made in 2016 for the fund, which to date has supported 222 students with full or partial scholarships.
Marybeth Gasman, a professor at Rutgers University who studies HBCUs, said the gift is significant because public HBCU’s like Morgan State University tend to have a lower alumni giving rate compared to private ones.
“For a long time, they weren’t asking alumni to give,” she said. But that has changed in the past couple of decades, she added, and the schools have “started asking alumni to give and creating a culture of philanthropy (慈
善) on campus.”
David K. Wilson, the president of Morgan State University, said the money will help students for years to come. “Morgan is so proud to call this son and daughter of the great city of Baltimore our own,” he said in a statement. “Through their historic giving, the doors of higher education will most certainly be kept open for generations of aspiring leaders whose financial shortfalls may have kept them from realizing their academic dreams.”
“We are forever indebted to the Tylers”.
8. Why is Tyler’s donation historic?
A. He was a former UPS driver.
B. The donation is large enough.
C. The donation will fund his scholarships.
D. He used to be a student at the university.
9. What is a driving force of Tyler’s donation?
A. His working experiences.
B. His career achievements.
C. His promise to the university.
D. His past embarrassing situations.
10. Which is true about HBCUs according to Gasman?
A. They are mainly public universities.
B. They are encouraging alumni to donate.
C. They rarely accept help from the alumni.
D. They have changed little over the decades.
11. What can be inferred about Tyler from Wilson’s comments?
A. He’s helped many city leaders.
B. He’s grateful to his university.
C. He’s made great contributions.
D. He’s proud of his son and daughter.
D
The Great Barrier Reef's outlook remains “very poor” despite coral (珊瑚) recovery over the past year, Australian government scientistssaid Monday, just days before a UNESCO ruling on the site's world heritage (遗产) status.
The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the world's largest reef (珊瑚礁) system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely caused by climate change.
The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the corals were now in a “recovery window” after a
decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones (旋风). But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence ofclimate change, the government agency, which has monitored the reef for 35 years, said in its annual report released today. “The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures, giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said. The scientists surveyed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.
Separate scientific research released last October found the 2, 300-kilometre (1, 400 miles) system had lost half its corals since 1995, with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mass coral death.
Britta Schaffelke, research program director at AIMS, said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering. But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.
UNESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions (排放) by 2050. The government has said it hopes to meet the target “as soon as possible” without harming its economy, insisting dealing with climate change requires a global effort. The reef was worth about US $4. 8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an “in danger” listing could weaken its tourist appeal.
12. What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?
A. The climate change.
B. Lack of money.
C. Over development.
D. Too many tourists.
13. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?
A. The result of the survey.
B. The efforts AIMS has made.
C. The slight chance of the recovery.
D. The terrible situation of the climate.
14. What is Britta Schaffelke's attitude towards the future of the reef?
A. Unclear.
B. Positive.
C Intolerant. D. Anxious.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list.
B. The Australian government has ignored UNESCO's demand.
C. Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy.
D. The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of climate change.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项In recent times, reading as a hobby has taken a back seat to playing computer games and watching television. This is especially true for teenagers today.____16____In fact, young people should be encouraged to read more as reading has many benefits that other hobbies may not have.
One benefit of reading is that it improves our language.____17____When we read, we come across new words. The new words become familiar as we encounter them repeatedly in our reading. We learn how to use these words correctly and they become a part of our vocabulary. Having a good vocabulary enables us to express ourselves better both in speaking and in writing.
____18____Through reading we can learn a lot about people, places, and events among other things. A person who reads a lot may even know more about a country he has never set foot on compared to someone who has actually visited the place. A lot of information can be discovered in reading materials like newspapers, magazines, travel books, instructional manuals, and storybooks. General knowledge is useful. It helps us to write and speak better.
Readingis also an entertaining pastime and helps reduce stress. Books are creative works. They can open up a new world to us. They stimulate our imagination and draw us into the world created by the book.____19____A well-written story is suspenseful and exciting. The reader can hardly wait to get to the ending. This form of entertainment is healthy and good for our minds.
In conclusion, reading is an entertaining hobby that holds many potential benefits for the reader.Readingis especially beneficial for students as it improves their language and general knowledge which will help them perform better in their examinations. Furthermore, reading helps lessen stress.____20____
A. Most of them find reading books boring.
B. Reading also improves our general knowledge.
C Books are a great way to expand our vocabulary.
D. Another benefit of reading is that it can teach us skills.
E. These are sufficient reasons to take up reading as a hobby.
F. We become more knowledgeable and more interesting people.
G. Many readers find it hard to put down a book once they start reading.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项We climbed Mount Kinabalu the other day. It was our first____21____toSabah. It was a slow drive along country roads as we____22____Ranau. Ranau was a picturesque mountainside town where people____23____vegetables and fruit. At almost 5000 feet above sea level, the air was____24____cool.
The next morning, we were____25____and set off to a breakfast. Then we were assigned guides before our____26____, excited and fearful of what____27____ahead of us. By 6:30 a. m. , we were on a trail that climbed vertically into the jungle. The going was slow as we mounted up the narrow steep____28____. Although it was____29____, it wasn’t as bad as I had imagined. So I was in front of the group most of the_____30_____. There were exotic plants and curious monkeys that made the trip_____31_____.
As we climbed, we had to take several_____32_____regularly. Then finally we reached the hut at Panar Laban. The night we spent there was miserable but_____33_____as the temperature dropped to minus 1. We tried to sleep as we had to_____34_____the climb at 2:45 a.m. the next morning.
With only the comforting voice of_____35_____, we grabbed our torches and_____36_____our way up rocks in the dark. As the hours passed, we watched the night grow_____37_____and as we reached the summit, dawn_____38_____over the horizon like a scene from a National Geographic Special. I was_____39_____the clouds at 13,000 feet or more. This is a day I will always remember, the day I_____40_____Kinabalu.
21. A. meeting B. trip C. reply D. task
22. A. looked B. hoped C. headed D. longed
23. A. grew B. selected C. gathered D. tasted
24. A. hardly B. eventually C. occasionally D. pleasantly
25. A. shouted B. awakened C. caught D. raised
26. A. voyage B. ride C. reach D. climb
27. A. lay B. came C. roared D. drove
28. A. paces B. entrances C. paths D. cliffs
29. A. impossible B. tough C. disturbing D. hopeless
30. A. road B. mountain C. way D. distance
31. A. exciting B. convenient C. imaginary D. safe
32. A. places B. steps C. positions D. breaks
33. A. cold B. warm C. memorable D. tragic
34. A. continue B. quit C. interrupt D. experience
35. A. leaders B. guides C. villagers D. tourists
36. A. overlooked B. planned C. demonstrated D. felt
37. A. noisier B. quieter C. darker D. brighter
38. A. broke B. became C. started D. turned
39. A. below B. above C. against D. beyond
40. A. arrived B. left C. conquered D. expected
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
One day a man was asked to paint a boat by an owner of boat . He began to paint the boat a bright red as required .
While painting , he realized there was a hole in the hull and decided to repair____41.____. When he finished____42.____（paint）, he received his money and left .
Several days later , the owner came to the painter and presented him____43.____a nice check , much____44.____（high）than the payment for painting . The painter was surprised , “You’ve already paid me for painting the boat which is a small____45.____（serve）.”“But this is not for the paint job . It’s for having____46.____（repair）the hole in the boat . ”he said ,“My dear friend , let me tell you____47.____happened . When I asked you to paint the boat , I forgot____48.____（mention）about the hole . When the boat dried , my kids took the boat and went on____49.____fishing trip when I was not at home . When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat , I was desperate . Imagine my relief and joy when I saw them returning from fishing . Then , I examined the boat and found that you had repaired the hole ! You saved the lives of my____50.____（child）! I do not have enough money to pay your ‘small’good deed.”
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

During the National holiday, I tried a new way to explore the Forbidden City, where left me deep impression. To avoid waste time buying a ticket on the spot, I made a reservation online. I got my ticket from a machine without difficulty and start the exploration. I was deep attracted by the grand architecture. To my excited, I could scan the QR codes to get detailed informations. With the VR glasses on, I even found me back to the time when the palace was under construction. How impressive! I found the Forbidden City both traditional or modem because of our history is made alive here.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“What’s this? — Ben Caruthers is trying out for Mr. Zuckerman?” My ears burned at hearing my name. It was Lindsey Stanton, the most popular eighth-grader in Bellworth Middle School, talking to her friends.
I held my breath. She obviously had no clue that my locker was next to Mrs. Stevens’s room, where the tryout schedule forCharlotte’s Webwas posted. It sounded that they were worrying that I would ruin the whole play, because I had never acted before. My stomach tightened into a big knot.
Who was I kidding? Lindsey was right. I’d never been in a play. At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind. I’d join the technical crew instead. That fit my quiet-kid image better anyway. Trevor was surprised to my descision. He was keen on acting and expected my company in the play. He shook his head, but he didn’t try to change my mind. It wouldn’t have made a difference anyway — I was starting to look forward to being on the tech crew.
On Friday I checked the final cast list, just for fun. Trevor was Templeton, and Lindsey Stanton was Mrs. Zuckerman.
Rehearsals (排练) started, and I spent Tuesday and Thursday afternoons at school. It was fun to learn all the technical stuff and to watch the actors from backstage. By the third week I’d memorized everyone’s lines. Trevor and I talked all about the play and the rehearsals during our lunch time.
And then, only a week before the performance, everything fell apart. The eighth-grader who was supposed to play Mr. Zuckerman, crashed his bike and broke his leg. Then his understudy (替角) came down with the flu. Things like this weren’t supposed to happen in real life.
Mrs. Stevens called the cast together. She told us we couldn’t get someone else ready by the next week and that we would have to postpone the play. She frowned and continued, “If the auditorium (礼堂) is booked for later, we may even have to cancel.” For once the cast was silent.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then I heard Trevor’s voice. “Ben Caruthers can do it. He knows all the lines.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ When the rehearsal began, I spew (喷出) my lines too quickly and I trembled my body.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
16. A 17. C 18. B 19. G 20.
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
41. it 42. painting
43. with. 44. higher
45. service
46. repaired
47. what 48. to mention
49. a. 50. children
51.(1). where 改为which
(2). deep 前加a
(3). waste改为wasting
(4). start改started
(5).deep改为deeply
(6). excited改为excitement
(7). informations改为information
(8).me改为myself
(9). or改为and
(10). 去掉of
52.略。