2020届北京市航天中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析

2020届北京市航天中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The “laugh out loud” face is officially the world’s most popular emoji, according to researchers from Adobe (ADBE) who surveyed 7,000 users across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia, and South Korea.
The “thumbs up” emoji came in second, followed by the “red heart” emoji. The flirtatious “wink and kiss” and “sad face with a tear” emojis respectively rounded out the top five.
The software maker on Thursday released the findings from its 2021 Global Emoji Trend Report ahead of World Emoji Day on Saturday.
Adobe’s latest Emoji Trend report also examined the three most misunderstood emojis in the world. The “eggplant” symbol edged out the “peach” and the “clown” emojis respectively as the most confusing for users.
The vast majority of emoji users (90%) believe the modern —day hieroglyphs make it easier for them to express themselves. Eighty — nine percent of respondents said emojis simplify communicating across language barriers. And 67% said they think people who use emojis are friendlier, funnier and cooler than those who don’t. A slight majority of respondents said they are more comfortable expressing emotions through emojis than talking on the phone or in —person. More than half of global emoji users (55%) said using emojis in communications has positively impacted their mental health. Seventy — six percent of those surveyed said emojis are an important communication tool for creating unity, respect and understanding. And 88% said they feel more empathetic toward people who use emojis.
1.What are the three most popular emojis according to the passage?
A.clown thumbs up laugh out loud
ugh out loud thumbs up wink and kiss
ugh out loud thumbs up red heart
D.thumbs up red heart sad face with a tear
2.Which emoji is the most confusing one for users?
A.Peach.
B.Eggplant.
C.Clown.
D.Wink and kiss.
3.Which of the following best describes the attitude of most people surveyed to emojis?
A.Favorable.
B.Passive.
C.Indifferent.
D.Doubtful.
B
Preparations for the Tokyo Olympics have suffered another challenge after a survey found that 60% of people in Japan want them to be cancelled,less than three months before the Games are scheduled to open.
Japan has extended a state of emergency in Tokyo and several other regions until the end of May as it struggles to control a fast increase in COVID-19 cases caused by new, more catching variants（变异体）with medical staff warning that health services in some areas are on the edge of breaking down.
The Olympics, which were delayed by a year due to the pandemic, are set to open on 23 July, with the International Olympic Committee（IOC）and organizers insisting that measures will be put in place to ensure the safety of athletes and other visitors, as well as a nervous Japanese public.
The survey, conducted between 7 and 9 May by the conservative Yomiuri Shimbun, showed 60% wanted the Games cancelled as opposed to 39% who said they should be held. “Postponement” — an option abandoned by the IOC — was not offered as a choice.
Of those who said the Olympics should go ahead, 23% said they should take place without audience. Foreign audience have been banned but a final decision on native attendance will be made in June.
Another poll conducted at the weekend by TBS News found 65% wanted the Games cancelled or postponed again, with 37% voting to give up the event altogether and 28% calling for another delay. A similar poll in April conducted by Kyodo news agency found 70% wanted the Olympics cancelled or postponed.
The IOC's vice president, John Coates, said that while Japanese sentiment about the Games “was a concern”, he could foresee no situation under which the sporting events would not go ahead.
4. How many Japanese wish the Olympics would not be held in Tokyo according to the survey?
A. 60%.
B. 28%.
C. 37%.
D. 70%.
5. What should be put into consideration if the Olympics open?
A. The economic crisis.
B. The urban transport.
C. The safety of athletes.
D. The health condition of citizens.
6. What is some people's attitude towards foreign spectators in Paragraph 5?
A. Welcome.
B. Unfriendly.
C. Cold.
D. Unsupported.
7. What can we conclude from John Coates'words?
A. The Olympics will be stopped this year.
B. The Olympics will be put off.
C. The Olympics will be held normally.
D. The Olympics will take place in other place.
C
Taking an afternoon nap could keep your brain sharp, a new study has said. Adults ages 60 and older who took afternoon naps showed signs of better mental ability compared to those who didn’t nap, according to a study published in General Psychiatry earlier this week.
Researchers analyzed napping habits in 2, 214 older Chinese people and measured their cognitive abilities using several cognitive tests. Participants took the Mini-Mental State Examination and theBeijingversion of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, both of which test for memory, language and other cognitive abilities. In every category listed in the study, nappers tested statistically higher on average compared to their non-napping counterparts.
Researchers did not gather data from people under 60, so a correlation cannot be drawn between napping and younger generations. The study also noted that there are conflicting studies about the benefits and risks of napping.
Sleeping behaviors can be affected by a multitude of factors, said Dr. David Neubauer, associate professor atJohnsHopkinsUniversity. “Daily routines, medication use and sleep disorders can all play a role in how frequently someone takes a nap.” he said.
Neubauer recommended taking a shorter “power nap” of up to 20 minutes to decrease the chances of transitioning into slow-wave sleep, which makes people feel groggy when they wake up. “Napping can be a healthy part of an older adult’s day”, Neubauer acknowledged, but make sure “sleepiness isn’t due to a treatable nighttime sleep disorder.” Older individuals who want to do all they can to preserve their cognitive functioning should put nighttime sleep first.
8. What is the best way to keep a better cognitive ability for the old?
A. Take a nap every day.
B. Take sleep disorder seriously.
C. Have a good sleep at night.
D. Do exercise regularly.
9. How did the researchers reach the conclusion?
A. By taking the examinations and assessment.
B. By analyzing napping habits and giving tests.
C. By measuring nappers’ ability and analyzing them.
D. By doing an experiment.
10. Which has NO effect on one’s sleeping behaviors?
A. Taking a nap.
B. Medicine treatment
C. Sleep problems
D. Everyday activities.
11. What can we know about “slow-wave sleep”?
A. It appears in short nap up to 20 minutes.
B. People should avoid it in their naps.
C. It is a healthy part of an elder’s day.
D. It was recommended by Neubauer.
D
Every day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).
Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).
What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.
Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.
The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.
12. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.
A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidays
B. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they prefer
C. gift-givers buy improper and expensive gifts
D. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts
13. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.
A. receive gifts in return
B. enjoy the feeling of shopping
C. help recipients to save money
D. better relationships with recipients
14. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.
B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.
C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.
D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.
15. Why did the author write this article?
A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.
B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.
C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.
D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Rather than having to operate home devices(设备) like your coffee maker and cleaner directly, you can now use them remotely from your phone, wherever you happen to be.
Warm up your house wherever you are.____16____But thanks to modern thermostats(恒温器), there’s no need to feel anxious. Now many smart systems enable you to control the heating remotely through your smart phone, so you can adjust the temperature while you’re at work or on the way home.
Cook while watching TV. Imagine an oven(烤箱)that just knows how long everything will take to cook.____17____And it’ll even produce a live video of the cooking, so you’ll know exactly when the food is starting to brown. What is more amazing is that some intelligent ovens even have Food ID software that can detect what you’re feeding into them and recommend a cooking program.____18____
Make a coffee from bed. It’s perfect for the winter months. With a wi-fi enabled smart coffee machine you can wake up, tap a button on your smart phone and get a message when your coffee is ready.____19____You can even schedule it remotely, so there’s a pot of hot coffee waiting for you when you get into your house.
____20____Smart home devices can save you time and money, but some can even save your life. For example, a smart smoke alarm will send a warning to your smart phone if it discovers danger or carbon monoxide(一氧化碳).For those false alarms set off by things like burned toast, you can silence the alarm via your smart phone, no more climbing on dinner chairs to shut the noise off.
A. You needn’t walk away from your favorite activities.
B. It’ll send progress information to your phone.
C. Energy bills often worry you deeply during the winter months
D. Check whether your home is safe from your phone
E. All you need to do is put the food in and hit “Start” button
F. Keep an eye on your things from anywhere in the world
G. It’s well worth the extra 15 minutes in bed!
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
After I had pictured it over and over again in my mind, the big day___21___arrived: my first day at senior high! I woke up early and rushed to my new___22___. The campus was still___23___when I arrived, so I decided to___24___a bit. I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I___25___a voice behind me. “New here?”___26___, I saw a white-haired man. “Yes,” I replied. We chatted for a while___27___I left for the classroom. When my English teacher stepped into the classroom, I was___28___to see the same man I had met earlier.
“Good morning, everyone. Before we start, please___29___yourself to the class. I’llgo first,” said the teacher.
I tried to turn on my brain____30____the engine just wouldn’t start. I was organizing my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge (用肘轻推) “It’s your____31____!’’
With butterflies in my stomach, I____32____deeply.“Hi, I’m Meng Hao.”Everyone started_____33_____I looked at them in____34____. “Nice to know we____35____the same name,” said my new teacher. Although I was embarrassed, his words made me a lot more_____36_____. When we had all introduced ourselves, Mr Meng said, “Well done, everyone! I know this isn’t____37____for many of you.____38____like this at senior high might sometimes put you under pressure. But it all depends on____39____you do. Keep calm and be prepared.”
People say, “Well begun, half done.” I guess this was a good____40____to my new school life.
21. A. finally B. actually C. suddenly D. gradually
22. A. house B. school C. classroom D. garden
23. A. new B. quiet C. noisy D. lovely
24. A. run B. study C. explore D. move
25. A. sensed B. saw C. felt D. heard
26. A. Looking down B. Working out C. Giving up D. Turning around
27. A. as B. after C. before D. when
28. A. confused B. surprised C. curious D. annoyed
29. A. introduce B. identify C. register D. deliver
30. A. and B. but C. or D. so
31. A. place B. order C. turn D. right
32. A. wanted B. thought C. slept D. breathed
33. A. quitting B. requesting C. laughing D. pretending
34. A. charge B. fear C. pleasure D. trouble
35. A. share B. design C. offer D. promote
36. A. relaxed B. shocked C. responsible D. awkward
37. A. suitable B. easy C. obvious D. hard
38. A. Disasters B. Questions C. Challenges D. Traditions
39. A. when B. where C. that D. what
40. A. job B. impression C. ending D. beginning
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A fan can drive summer heat away and help bring a cool breeze（微风）．Since ancient____41.____(time)，the Chinese fan has been carrying artistic and unique____42.____(nation) style．China has always been regarded____43.____“the kingdom of fans”．
The fan first____44.____(appear) in China about 3,000 years ago，in the Shang and Zhou dynasties．However，the fan in the early period was used as the symbol of etiquette（礼仪），____45.____it was called“the fan of honor”．
After the Qin and Han dynasties，the main shapes of fans were square，round and hexagon（六边形）．The materials____46.____(use) to make fans were mainly silk．Because the silk fans were often used in royal court，people called them“court fans”．The person____47.____held the silk fan always appeared gentle．During the Sui and Tang dynasties，the common fans were round fans，feather fans，and some paper fans．The folding fan____48.____(gradual) became popular after the Song dynasty．In the Ming and Qing dynasties，the folding fan was popular in Zhejiang，Suzhou and Sichuan．Then the____49.____( popular) of writing poems and drawing pictures on the cover of a fan was rising．Then this skill_____50._____(introduce) to Europe and became popular all over the world．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I took the Harvard Summer School program in my vacation. During my stay there, I spent many time studying
in the main library Widener. I enjoyed myself in the ocean of knowledge, either doing research for my papers or read special edition books. The library, that is named after its donor Harry Widener, stands right next the Emerson building of philosophy. Opening a pair of heavy yet elegant metal door, I was immediately bathed in warm light. I wandered around the library, fascinating to find one treasure after other.
The library is a amazing place. Only if when one visits the library can he fully experience the academic atmosphere. For me, the library as well as the courses explain Harvard’s place as the home of devoted scholars.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，昨天你参加了学校组织的英语演讲比赛，并获得了一等奖。

由于刚回美国度假的外籍教师Broke为你的参赛提供了许多帮助，现在你想用英语给他写一封电子邮件。

要点包括：
1.介绍参赛情况；
2.告知获奖；
3.表达获奖感受。

注意：1.词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Brooke,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B
12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. D
21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
41. times
42. national
43. as 44. appeared
45. and 46. used
47. who 48. gradually
49. popularity
50. was introduced
51.(1). many→much (2). read→reading (3).that→which (4). next后面加to (5). door→doors (6).fascinating→fascinated (7). other→another (8). a→an (9). if或者when去掉(10). explain→explains
52.略。