医学运动系统英语词汇

医学运动系统英语词汇Locomotor System 运动系统
osteology 骨学
skeleton 骨骼
bone 骨
diaphysis 骨干
epiphysis骨骺
metaphysis 干骺端
medullary cavity 髓腔
epiphyseal cartilage 骺软骨
epiphyseal line 骺线
compact （or dense）bone 骨密质
spongy （or cancellous）bone 骨松质
diploe 板障
periosteum 骨膜
bone marrow 骨髓
vertebra 椎骨
vertebral column 脊柱
atlas 寰椎
axis 枢椎
cervical vertebra 颈椎
thoracic vertebra 胸椎
lumbar vertebra 腰椎
sacrum 骶骨
coccyx 尾骨
sternum 胸骨
manubrium 胸骨柄body of the sternum 胸骨体xiphoid process 剑突
sternal angle 胸骨角jugular notch 颈静脉切迹
rib 肋骨
costal arch 肋弓
skull（or cranium）颅
frontal bone 额骨
occipital bone 枕骨
sphenoid bone 蝶骨
temporal bone 颞骨
parietal bone 顶骨
ethmoid bone 筛骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨
nasal bone 鼻骨
vomer 犁骨
maxilla 上颌骨
palatine bone 腭骨
zygomatic bone 颧骨
mandible 下颌骨
hyoid bone 舌骨
inion（or external occipital protuberance）枕外隆突superior nuchal line 上项线
groove for superior sagittal sinus 上矢状窦沟
anterior cranial fossa 颅前窝
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone 筛板
middle cranial fossa 颅中窝
hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝
optic canal 视神经管
dorsum sellae 鞍背
foramen lacerum 破裂孔
foramen rotundum 圆孔
forame novale 卵圆孔
foramen spinosum 棘孔
superior orbital fissure 眶上裂
posterior cranial fossa 颅后窝
forame nmagnum 枕骨大孔
hypoglossal canal 舌下神经管
jugular foramen 颈静脉孔
internal occipital protuberance 枕内隆突
groove for transverse sinus 横窦沟
groove for sigmoid sinus 乙状窦沟
carotid canal 颈动脉管
styloid process 茎突
stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔
pterion 翼点
infratemporal fossa 颞下窝
pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝
orbit 眶
supraorbital foramen （or notch）眶上孔（或切迹）
infraorbital foramen 眶下孔
mental foramen 颏孔
lacrimal sac 泪囊
nasolacrimal canal 鼻泪管
superior （middle，and inferior）nasal meatus 上（中、下）鼻道
paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦
maxillary sinus 上颌窦
fonticuli （or fontanelles）颅囟
clavicle 锁骨
scapula 肩胛骨
humerus 肱骨
radius 桡骨
ulna 尺骨
carpus 腕骨
metacarpus 掌骨
phalanges 指骨、趾骨
hipbone 髋骨
acetabulum 髋臼
ilium 髂骨
ischium 坐骨
pubis 耻骨
pelvis 骨盆
femur 股骨
patella 髌骨
tibia 胫骨
fibula 腓骨
tarsus 跗骨
talus 距骨
calcaneus 跟骨
metatarsus 跖骨fibrousjoint 纤维连结syndesmosis 韧带连结
suture 缝cartilage joint 软骨连结synovial joint 滑膜关结articular surface 关节面articular capsule 关节囊articular cavity 关节腔ligament 韧带articular disc 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇
flexion 屈
extension 伸
adduction 收
abduction 展
rotation 旋转
circumduction 环转
pronation 旋前
supination 旋后
eversion 外翻
inversion 内翻
dorsiflexion 背屈
plantarfiexion跖屈
intervertebral disc 椎间盘
fiavum ligament 黄韧带
thoracic cage 胸廓
temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节
sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节
shoulder joint 肩关节
glenoid labrum 盂唇
elbow joint 肘关节
anular ligament of radius 桡骨环状韧带
proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节
distal radioulnar jojnt 桡尺远侧关节
wrist joint （or radiocarpal joint）腕关节（桡腕关节）
flexor retinaculum 屈肌支持带
extensor retinaculum 伸肌支持带
carpometacarpal joint 腕掌关节metacarpophalangeal joint 掌指关节interphalangeal joint 指间关节
pubic symphysis 耻骨联合
sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节
sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带
sacrospinous ligament 骶棘韧带
hip joint 髋关节
tere ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带
knee joint 膝关节
cruciate ligament of knee 膝关节的交叉韧带lateral meniscus 外侧半月板
medial meniscus 内侧半月板
ankle joint 踝关节
arch of the foot 足弓
muscle 肌肉
tendon 肌腱
aponeurosis 腱膜
fascia 筋膜
superficial fascia 浅筋膜
deep fascia 深筋膜
tendon sheath 腱鞘
fibrous tendon sheath 腱纤维鞘
synovial tendon sheath 腱滑膜鞘
latissimus dorsi muscle 背阔肌
trapezius muscle 斜方肌
erector spinae muscle 竖脊肌
platysma 颈阔肌
sternocleidomastoid muscle 胸锁乳突肌
scaleni muscles 斜角肌
pectoralis major muscle 胸大肌
pectoralis minor muscle 胸小肌
serratus anterior muscle 前锯肌
diaphragm 膈肌
obliquus externus abdominis muscle 腹外斜肌obliquus internus abdominis muscle 腹内斜肌transvers usabdonminis muscle 腹横肌
masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌
facial muscles 面肌
deltoid muscle 三角肌
biceps brachii muscle 肱二头肌
triceps brachii muscle 肱三头肌
pronator teres muscle 旋前圆肌flexor carpi radialis muscle 桡侧腕屈肌palmaris longus muscle 掌长肌
flexor carpi ulnaris muscle 尺侧腕屈肌
flexor digitorum superiicialis muscle 指浅屈肌
flexor digitorum profundus muscle 指深屈肌flexor pollicis longus muscle 拇长屈肌
pronator quadratus muscle 旋前方肌extensor carpi radialis longus muscle 桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor digitorum muscle 指伸肌
supinator muscle 旋后肌
thenar muscles 鱼际肌
hypothenar muscles 小鱼际肌
lumbrical muscle 蚓状肌
interosseus muscle 骨间肌
gluteus maximus musele 臀大肌
piriformis muscle 梨状肌
quadriceps femoris muscle 股四头肌
sartorius muscle 缝匠肌
biceps femoris muscle 股二头肌
semitendinosus musele 半腱肌
semimembranosus muscle 半膜肌
triceps surae muscle 小腿三头肌
gastrocnemius muscle 腓肠肌
soleus muscle 比目鱼肌
tendo calcaneus 跟腱。