中考英语冲刺语法----代词连词

★中考考情分析---代词
l.人称代词：
人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、‘我们”、“你们”、“他们”等的词。

人称代词有人称、数和格
2.人称代词的用法：
(l)主格在句子中作主语和表语（口语常用宾格）。

(2)宾格在句子中作动词和介词的宾语，在口语中还可以用作表语。

(3)强调句型中，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。

(4)than或as后的比较对象为代词时．可以用主格，也可以用宾格。

(5)多个人称代词同时出现时，单数形式为：you，he/she and I，但在表示承认错误、承担责任时，则表示为：I，he/she
表示所有关系的代词叫“物主代词”。

物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，列表如下：
2.物主代词的用法：
(1)形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，放在名词之前，不能独立使用。

(2)名词性物主代词在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语，相当于名词，后面不能跟名词。

(3)名词性物主代词常和of连用作定语。

1.反身代词：
表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“她自己”、“它自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”、“他们自己”等的代词叫“反身代词”。

反身代词的第一、二人称构成是在形容词性物主代词后加self（复数加selves）；第三人称反身代
2．反身代词的用法：
(l)反身代词在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语的同位语，强调“亲自，本人”。

(2)反身代词作宾语时，常用在enjoy，teach，help，buy，wash，look after，hurt，dress等动词后面。

l.指示代词：
表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等的代词叫“指示代词”。

指示代词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

2.指示代词的用法：
(l)this和these 表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。

(2)that和those 表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。

(3)this和these 可以表示前面叙述过的事，也可以表示将要说的或做的事；that和those只能指前面叙述过的事。

(4)在打电话时，常用that询问对方是谁，用this介绍自己。

,those指代复数的人或物。

1.不定代词：
2.不定代词的用法：
(1)不定代词代替名词或形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

(2)any 意为“一些，任何”。

any 多用于否定或疑问句中，在句中作主语、宾语或定语。

any作定语时，它
所修饰的名词没有单复数限制，一般多用复数；any用在肯定句中，表示“任何”。

(3)some意为“一些，某些，某个”。

some多用在肯定句中或对方可能给予肯定回答的疑问句中。

(4)no意为“无”。

在句中作定语，表示否定，语气要比not any强。

(5)none意为“无人，无物，无东西”，在句中作主语、定语或宾语。

none在句中修饰不可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用单数形式；none在句中修饰可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

(6)many 意为“许多”，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，many在句中修饰可数名词。

(7)much意为“许多”，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，much在句中修饰不可数名词。

(8)a few和a little意为“几个，一点儿”，表肯定；few和little意为“没几个，没多少”，表否定。

它们在句中作主语、宾语或定语，其中a few和few修饰可数名词，a little和little 修饰不可数名词。

(9)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时．其反意疑问句的主语用they代替；当句子的主语是表物的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语用it代替。

疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等，在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。

其形式及用法如下：
★感悟中考⊙真题演练
1. (2012 .河南中考) --How was your trip in Chengdu?
--Not so good. I stayed there for two days. But it rained on_____ of the days.
A. none
B. neither
C. both
D. all
2. (2012 .青岛中考)--I don't have white shoes for tomorrow 's speech contest.
--My brother has_____ pair. Would you like to try_____ on?
A. a; it
B. one; it
C. one; them
D. two; them
3. (2012 .重庆中考) Reading more helps_____ learn better.
A. we
B. our
C. us
D. ours
4. (2012．杭州中考) You look worried! Is_____ all right?
A. everything
B. something
C. anything
D. nothing
5. (2012 .武汉中考) When the Greens moved into the house last week,_____was at sixes and
sevens, so they did a big cleaning.
A. something
B. everything
C. anything
D. nothing
6. (2012 .连云港中考)--Have you bought_____ for Linda's birthday?
--Not exactly. Just some flowers.
A. something unusual
B. anything unusual
C. unusual something
D. unusual anything
7. (2012 .滨州中考) I am very thirsty. Could you please give me_____ water?
A. some
B. little
C. many
D. other
8. (2012 .东营中考) _____ went hiking last weekend because of the bad weather.
A. Someone
B. No one
C. Everyone
D. Nothing
9. (2012．临沂中考)Life is_____ dictionary. We should learn directly from it.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
10. (2012．烟台中考)--Do you like communicating with your friends on QQ or MSN?
-- _____. I'd rather_____the mobile phone.
A. Either; use
B. Neither; use
C. Both ; not to use
D. Neither; to use
11. (2012 . 温州中考) Peter is my best friend. He often helps_____with science.
A. me
B. you
C. him
D. her
12. (2012 .无锡中考) She got up to get some sleeping pills but found there was______left at home.
A. nothing
B. none
C. something
D. nobody
13. (2012 .荆州中考)--Is your father or mother a teacher?
--_____. My father is a doctor and my mother is an office worker.
A. Both
B. Either
C. Neither
D. None
14. (2012 .乐山中考)If you can't decide which of the two books to borrow, why don't you take_____? I won't read them this week.
A. all
B. either
C. both
15. (2012 . 荆州中考) Ms. Wang is an excellent teacher._____in our class loves her.
A. Someone
B. No one
C. Everyone
D. Anyone
16. (2012 .北京中考)The lovely girl is from Class 6. _____ name is Alice.
A. Her
B. His
C. Your
D. Its
17. (2012 .上海中考)I can't connect my computer to the Internet. There must be_____wrong with it.
A. something
B. everything
C. anything
D. nothing
18. (2012 .南昌中考)It's easy to find a good hotel in our city because we have_____ of them here.
A. none
B. few
C. many
D. each
19. (2012 .天津中考) Please pass me the cartoon book_____ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.
A. whom
B. whose
C. who
D. which
20. (2012 .福州中考)--Steve, did you see the lantern show when you were in Fuzhou?
--Of course! _____ beautiful lanterns!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
21.（2013.广州中考）The man called his professor for help because he couldn’t solve the problem by _____.
A. herself
B. himself
C.yourself
D. themselves
22.（20l3．北京中考）I can't find my pen. Could you help____to find it?
A. me
B. her
C. him
D. them
23.（2013．上海中考）_____is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.
A. Somebody
B. Anybody
C. Everybody
D. Nobody
24.(2013. 天津中考) This morning Diana invited _____to____birthday party.
A.I; her
B.I；hers
C. me; her
D. me; hers
25. (2013 .青岛中考)I don't have a present for my friend. What if_____ else brings a present?
A. anybody
B. nobody
C. everyone
D. none
26. (2012 .上海中考) I can't connect my computer to the Internet. There must be_____ wrong with it.
A. something
B. everything
C. anything
D. nothing
27.(2013 .苏州中考)--Your tea smells great. --It 's from India. Would you like_____?
A. it
B. this
C. some
D. little
★中考考情分析---连词
连词是用于连接词、短语或句子的虚词，不单独作为句子成分。

按意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两类。

1.表示平行或承接：and; as well as; both... and...；not only...but also...; neither...nor...等。

例如：Not only scientists but also the whole world cares about more and more often earthquakes.
2.表示转折：but；yet；while（然而）；however等。

例如：Most students like sports while a few hate to have P.E. lessons.
3.表示选择：or；either...or... ；not... but... （不是……而是……）等。

例如：
They do the work not for money but for fun.
(l) that引导由陈述句转变成的宾语从句，口语或非正式用语中可省略。

例如：
Tom has gone to Japan. ——I hear that Tom has gone to Japan.
(2) if/whether引导由一般疑问句转变成的宾语从句，一般可互换，以下情况只用whether,
①介词后的宾语从句；②后跟动词不定式；③句中含有or not时。

例如：I wonder _____ he will come or not.
(3) 引导由特殊疑问句转变成的宾语从句，常用who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why，how，whatever，whoever等。

例如：Can you tell us what you're doing for vacation?
2.引导状语从句的从属连词
(l)引导时间状语从句的连词：when，while，as，until, till，since, as soon as. before. after等。

例如：While we were reading, the teacher wrote some questions on the blackboard.
(2)引导原因状语从句的连词：because，as, since等。

例如：Since it rained hardly, no one came to our yard sale.
(3)引导目的状语从句的连词：so，so that, in order that等。

例如：
We wear sunglasses in summer so that we can keep out the sun.
(4)引导结果状语从句的连词：so...that, such...that 等。

例如：It's such a good movie that I'd like to see it again.
(5)引导条件状语从句的连词：if，unless, as/so long as等。

例如：We won't give it up unless we run out of time.
(6)引导地点状语从句的连词：where, wherever等。

例如：Bob would like to go wherever he likes.
(7)引导让步状语从句的连词: although, though, however(= no matter how)，even if/though等。

例如：
The boy knows a lot about the Great Wall, although he has never been there before.
(8)引导比较状语从句的连词：as，than,as...as，not so/as...as等。

例如：My cousin is as old as me.
★感悟中考⊙真题演练
1. (2012 . 青岛中考)_____ Rita_____ her mother know my address. They often drop by my home.
A. Not; but
B. Both; and
C. Either; or
D. Not only; but also
2. (2012 .河南中考)We should give the boy another chance_____ he has made some mistakes.
A. though
B. when
C. unless
D. because
3. (2012 .福州中考)_____my father_____ my mother take good care of me. I love them so much.
A. Either; or
B. Both; and
C. Neither; nor
4. (2012 .江西中考)_____the girl is only nine, she takes care of her brothers and cooks meals every day.
A. If
B. Because
C. Although
D. As
5. (2012 .重庆中考)I didn't believe he could drive_____ he told me.
A. once
B. while
C. since
D. until
6. (2012 .南昌中考)I know_____ I promised to take you to dinner, but I won't finish working until ten o'clock.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. why
7. (2012 .无锡中考) The old theatre will close soon _____some extra donations are made.
A. so
B. if
C. because
D. unless
8. (2012．杭州中考) You make lunch,_____I'll take care of the baby.
A. but
B. or
C. for
D. and
9. (2011 . 青岛中考)Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by_____ the young_____the old.
A. both; and
B. either; or
C. not; but
D. neither; nor
10. (2012 .乐山中考) A typhoon hit this area with heavy rains and winds_____ strong as what happened in 2008.
A. as
B. so
C.. too
11. (2012 .北京中考) There are no buses,_____ you'll have to walk.
A. so
B. or
C. but
D. for
12. (2012 .大连中考)Music isn't Sally's main interest, _____she want's to see some Beijing Opera today.
A. so
B. and
C. or
D. but
13. (2012 .大庆中考)--Hurry up, _____ you will miss the school bus.
-- I know that, Mum. I'll be ready in a minute.
A. or
B. and
C. nor
D. but
14. (2012 .连云港中考) The First Huaguoshan International Golf Open was_____success that we enjoyed ourselves very much.
A. such a great
B. a such great
C. so a great
D. a so great
15. ( 2012 .滨州中考) Mary, put on your coat, _____ you'll catch a cold.
A. and
B. or C . so D. but
16. (2012 .荷泽中考) My friend Frank sings well, and he is_____ good at playing the guitar.
A. not
B. also
C. yet
D. too
17. (2013 .青岛中考) Don't meet an "Internet friend" alone. _____something dangerous may happen to you.
A. but
B. and
C. or
D. yet
18. (2013 .青岛中考)I still remember my first teacher_____ we haven't seen each other for many years.
A. for
B. because
C. since
D. though
19. (2013. 北京中考)--Which do you prefer, tea_____ coffee? --Tea. please!
A. but
B. so
C. or
D. and
19. (2013 .广州中考) I hate travelling by air _____ you usually have to waiting for several hours before the plane takes off. . A. because B. though C. until D. unless
20. (2013 .苏州中考) We're going to Suzhou Amusement Park in Linda's card. You can come with us_____ you can meet us there later. - A. or B. but C. and D. then
21. (2013 .天津中考) You will be late for school _____ you don't get up early.
A. but
B. if
C. and
D. or
22. (2013 .厦门中考) --Would you like to my party on Saturday, Sam? -- I'd love to,_____ I can't. I have to take a piano lesson. A. and B. but C. or
★综合能力提升
Ⅰ.动词填空（一）
2. Be quiet. The baby____________.
3. She is a student. She__________English at school.
4. George Bridge is a good place_________ fun.
5. This lion is very lazy. It _________20 hours every day.
6. Hi, Kitty. There is a woman at the school gate__________ for you.
7. There_______ a class meeting. We're going to talk about the slogan of our class.
Ⅲ. 动词填空（三）
but the most important thing is ___1___.
We asked some teachers to give us the last lesson. The lesson is "Proverbs(谚语) about Friends". Older people___2___teach proverbs to younger people. Every culture has proverbs. They are short and easy to remember.
There is a German proverb which says, "Friendship is a plant we must___3___. " It means that we need to take care of friends ___4___ taking care of a garden. "OnLy your real friends will tell you when your face is dirty. " is ___5___ proverb from Japan. It means that only good fricnds tell you ___6___you are making a mistake.
My grandfather told me, " Nobody is so___7___that he can throw away a friend. " Everyone___8___friends. Be good to them. Goodbye, friends! Don't forget us!
Ⅳ.阅读表达
On the weekend, my parents often take me to the zoo in our city because I like animals.①在动物园里,有老虎、猴子、熊猫和其他的动物。

Some animals are very friendly, but some animals are_________, such as bears and lions. That is why they have to live in cages. But I don't think it's good for animals to live in cages. They should be free. The animals in cages can't be happy.
Tigers usually live in forests. They can run very fast and they eat small animals; but now, they live in small rooms. They have nothing to do every day. So they walk in the cages, and they want to get out. When they are tired. they sleep. I am sorry for them.
I think the most interesting animals in the zoo are dolphins.②. I like watching them swim in the water. They can play with a ball. They can stand up and "walk" on water! They're very friendly to people. If you fall into the water and if you can't swim, they may come up to help you.
1.在空格处填上一个符合句意的单词。

Some animals are very friendly, but some animals ___________.
2.请将画线部分①处的句子翻译成英语。

____________________________________________
3.请将画线部分②处的句子翻译成汉语。

____________________________________
4.回答问题：What are the writer's favorite animals? _________________________
5.从文中找出与“They haven't anything to do every day”意思相近的句子，写在下面的横线上。

_______________________________________________。