过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时的用法及区别知识梳理

过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时的用法及区别

真题再现

1.Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ______ my book in the cafe.

A. have left

B. had left

C. would leave

D. was leaving

2. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ______ a famous

scientist whose theories would change the world.

A. has been

B. had been

C. was going to be

D. was

3. He must have sensed that I ________ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, Why

are you staring at me like that?

A. would look at

B. looked at

C. was looking at

D. am looking at

4. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house?

—Not really. She ______ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.

A. was to give

B. had given

C. was giving

D. would give

5. At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he ______ the first black president of the United

States of America.

A. was to become

B. becomes

C. is to become

D. became

6. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night.

A. broke

B. had broken

C. has broken

D. was breaking

7. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ______ everything!

A. had been eating

B. had eaten D. have been eating

C. have eaten

8. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there.

A. had been lying

B. has been lying

C. was lying

D. has lain

答案与解析：

1. B，我意识到把书落在咖啡店里了，落书的动作发生在意识到之前，所以应该使用过去完成时态。

2. C。句意：爱因斯坦出生于1879年，小的时候很少人猜到他将会成为一个伟大的科学家，他的理论将会改变全世界。根据句意，应该是表达过去将来时，所以只有C选项符合。该选项是使用过去进行时表将来。

3.C。句意：他一定是注意到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么要那样盯着我看？”根据分析，此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must have sensed和glanced at

可知是过去进行时。

4. B。句意：—你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么？—不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。本题考查时态。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。

5. A。句意：在大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情，所以选A。

6. A。从句中的“in the morning”和“during the night”可以知道break into这个动作发生在found 页 1 第

动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。

7. B。“孩子们吃光东西”是在“She was surprised to find”之前，选用过去完成时。

8. A。由题意可知，“她躺在那儿”发生在came to和did not know之前，并且表示动作的延续，

用过去完成进行时。

知识讲解

过去进行时用法

1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。

Tom was getting up at six o'clock every day that week.

2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。

John was always coming to school late.

Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.

3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。

It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。

I was taking a walk when I met him.

We were playing outside when it began to rain.

5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。

I was leaving for Washington that day.

She was coming later.

6. 用过去进行时表示现在，主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。

I was wondering if you could give me a lift.

We were hoping you would stay with us.

7. 动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较：

He was friendly. (指过去长期如此)

He was being friendly. (指当时一时的表现)

过去完成时用法

1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。用时间轴表示为：——过去的过去——过去（参照物）——现在

注意：如果没有参照点，“一分钟之前”是“过去”，“前年”是“过去”，“十亿年之前”也是“过去”。但如果确定了一个参照点，时态就不同了。如果以“last weekend”为参照物，那么在last week 之前就是过去完成时了。如果“去见朋友”是过去时，那么在“（见朋友前）dress up”该用过去完成时。

By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.

I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.

He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.

页 2 第

Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.

I didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.

I returned the book that I had borrowed.

She found the key that she had lost.

He said that he had known her well.

I thought I had sent the letter a week before.

When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.