辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题

合集下载

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试数学(文)试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试数学(文)试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试数学(文)试题一、选择题:(每题5分共60分)1命题“对任意x R ∈都有21x ≥”的否定是( )A . 对任意x R ∈,都有21x <B .不存在x R ∈,使得21x <C .存在0x R ∈,使得201x ≥D .存在0x R ∈,使得201x <2 .已知a ,b ,c 是△ABC 三边之长,若满足等式(a +b -c )(a +b +c )=ab ,则角C 的大小为 ( ) A .60° B .90° C .120° D .150°3.已知椭圆的长轴长是短轴长的2倍,则椭圆的离心率等于 ( )A.12B.22C. 2D.324 .在△ABC 中,已知sin A cos B =sin C ,那么△ABC 一定是( ) A .直角三角形 B .等腰三角形 C .等腰直角三角形 D .正三角形5 .如果0a b <<,那么下列不等式成立的是 ( ) A .11a b < B .2ab b < C .2ab a -<- D .11a b-<- 6 .目标函数y x z +=2,变量y x ,满足⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥<+≤+-12553034x y x y x ,则有 ( )A .3,12min max ==z zB .,12max =z z 无最小值C .z z ,3min =无最大值D .z 既无最大值,也无最小值7 .下列有关命题的说法正确的是 A .命题“若21x =,则1=x ”的否命题为:“若21x =,则1x ≠”;B .命题“x R ∃∈,使得210x x ++<”的否定是:“x R ∀∈,均有210x x ++<”;C .在ABC ∆中,“B A >”是“B A 22cos cos <”的充要条件;D .“2x ≠或1y ≠”是“3x y +≠”的非充分非必要条件.8.等比数列{}n a 中,已知对任意自然数n ,12321n n a a a a ++++=-,则2222123n a a a a +++等于( ) A .()221n - B .()1213n - C .41n - D .()1413n - 9 .已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,111a =-,564a a +=-,n S 取得最小值时n 的值为() A .6 B .7 C .8 D .910.已知椭圆222a x +222b y =1(a >b >0)与双曲线22a x -22by =1有相同的焦点,则椭圆的离心率为 A .22 B .21 C .36 D .66二.填空题(每题5分共20分)[来13.不等式022>++bx ax 的解集是)31,21(-,则a +b 的值是 14.若双曲线的两条渐进线的夹角为 60,则该双曲线的离心率为________15.若实数,x y 满足221x y xy ++=,则x y +的最大值___________;16.已知数列{}n a 满足133a =,12n n a a n +-=,则n a n的最小值为____. 三、解答题(每题12分) 17.命题P :关于x 的不等式0422>++ax x 对于一切R x ∈恒成立,命题Q :[],0,2,12≥-∈∀a x x 若pVq 为真,q p Λ为假,求实数a 的取值范围。

辽宁省锦州市2014—2015学年度第一学期期末考试高三语文参考答案及评分标准

辽宁省锦州市2014—2015学年度第一学期期末考试高三语文参考答案及评分标准

2014—2015学年度第一学期期末考试高三语文试题参考答案及评分标准一、(9分)1.D(曲解文意,“性格既指人的本性,也指人的品质”错误,是性格的“性”字有本性、习性的含义;“格”字既有品格也有定格的含义。

)2.A(范围变化,性格对人的影响“有时”比品质的真实更大。

)3.C(无中生有,“决定人的地位”原文没有体现,应是人们适合的社会角色。

)二、(36分)(一)(19分)4.D 营:营造、准备。

(3分)5.C (3分)6.B (3分)7.(10分)⑴皮初等人与贼人交战,张光派出伏兵来配合他们,水军与陆军共同奋战,敌人大败而逃。

刘弘上表朝廷表彰张光有特殊的功勋,调任他为材官将军、梁州刺史。

(“发”、“表”“殊勋”“迁”各1分,句意1分)⑵张燕接受了贼人的金银,不按时进兵讨贼,阻止军队进发,延缓剿匪进程,导致我们丢失汉中,这确实是张燕的罪责。

(“时”“阻”“缓”“丧”各1分,句意1分)(二)(11分)8.(5分)参考答案:对比。

(2分)以秋深燕归与自身仍在外飘泊作对比。

(1分)表达了客居他乡不得归的无奈、伤感之情。

(2分)(也可以答“反衬”)9.(6分)参考答案:秋景凄清;离人相别;功业无望;羁旅漂泊。

(答出三点,适当展开即可给分,各2分)(三)(6分)10.⑴无可奈何花落去似曾相识燕归来⑵人生自古谁无死留取丹心照汗青⑶春江花朝秋月夜往往取酒还独倾每答对一空给1分,有错别字则该空不给分三、(25分)11.(1)E.3分;C.2分;B.1分(目的并非单一)(解析:A不能暗示来人真实身份;D,无法判断莫谷青看出王景文又在让棋。

)(2)①弈棋如做人,棋道为上,荣辱其次。

(人与人之间重在交流,赢输其次);②对他人尤其是暂不如已的人,应有宽容与爱惜的精神;③不受权势约束的人格的独立。

(士可杀不可辱的傲岸是棋道的精髓之一)(每点2分,意思对即可,共6分)(3)①酷爱棋艺,为与弈棋高手切磋,不惜冒着生命危险渡江而来;②心性浮躁,棋力不低,但锋芒毕露,不知内敛;求胜心切,强行用出险招,导致处于劣势;处于劣势时心头焦急,胸中气血翻滚,无法自已;③心性傲岸,不愿接受对方的故意相让,数月后再度渡江弈棋;④道义为上,在得知王景文因自己而被赐死后,也饮鸩自尽而不苟活。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考英语试题时间:90分钟总分:120分第I卷(请将答案涂在答题卡上)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMost young people enjoy some forms of physical activities. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf, or tennis, it may be mountaineering.Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountaineering? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such game as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind, which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “game”. We would be mistaken in this assumption. The re are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical capacities.A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his prime by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less wasted effort, and they certainly experience enjoyment.1.Mountaineering is a sport which involves all the following things EXCEPT ______.A.hardship B. comfort C.physical risk D.cold2.The main difference between a sport and a game lies in origin of the ________.A.uniform B.activity C.skills D.rules3.Mountaineering is also a team sport because ________.A.it involves rules as wellB.it involves matches between teamsC.mountaineers depend on each other while climbingD.it requires mental and physical qualifications4.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Mountaineers compete against nature.B.Mountaineers compete against teams.C.Mountaineers compete against each other.D.Mountaineers compete against international standard.5.What is the best title for the text?A.Mountain Climbers.B.Mountaineering.C.Mountaineering is gaining popularity.D.Mountaineering is More Dangerous than Other Sports.BToday, nearly 400 animals are listed as threatened or endangered animals in the United States. Many are at risk of becoming extinct or disappearing permanently. Unless efforts to save these vulnerable(易受攻击的) animals succeed, many of the country's greatest creatures will be lost forever. From the facts listed, guess which animals are endangered. Click on the picture to find out more about each of these animals in trouble.American Crocodile●American crocodiles are about 12 feet long. They live on land and in shallow water, swamps and marshes.●American crocodiles like to float in the water with only their eyes and noses above the water surface.●American crocodiles eat mostly small animals, which they grab with their st rong jaws and sharp teeth.●American crocodiles lay eggs. They hide their eggs under twigs and leaves, or bury them in the sand.●Som e crocodiles help their young hatch, and then carry them to the water in their mouth.HabitatSouthern Florida, Mexico, Central and South American, Caribbean islands.Why It's EndangeredOverhunted for its skin and habitat destruction.Peninsular Bighorn Sheep●Bighorn sheep can weigh as much as 280 pounds and stand about 3 feet tall.●They live in dry, desert mountain ranges, near rocky cliffs.●Bighorn sheep eat grass, twigs and leaves.●Male sheep are called rams and can be recognized by their huge, brown hor ns. The horns curl back over the ears, down,and up past the cheeks.●They live in herds or groups. The male sheep with the biggest horns are usually in charge. Male horns can weigh as much as 30 pounds.●Males will use their massive horns to fight. The fights can last as long as 24 hours.●Females are called ewes. They are smaller than rams and have shorter, smaller horns.HabitatNevada and California to west Texas and south into Mexico.Why It's EndangeredLoss of habitat, hunting illegally, drought and disease.6.Where can the article be found according to the passage?A.Newspaper. B.Website. C.Student book. D.Magazine.7.Which of the following is NOT true according to the description about American crocodiles?A.American crocodiles live on land and in swamps and marshes.B.American crocodiles hide their eggs under leaves, or bury them in the sand.C.American crocodiles grab small animals with their strong jaws and sharp teeth.D.American crocodiles like to float with their eyes and nose below the water surface.8.Where can we find both American crocodiles and Bighorn sheep according to the passage?A.Southern Florida. B.California. C.Mexico. D.West Texas.9.Rams make use of their massive horns to ________.A.master the herds B.show their beautyC.fight with others D.hunt for foodCThroughout the world, clothing has many uses. It is used to provide protection from cold. It is also worn to prevent others from seeing specific parts of one’s body. However, the parts of the body that must be covered vary widely throughout the world. Some clothing is worn to provide supernatural protection. Wearing a lucky shirt to take an exam is calling for supernatural assistance.People in all cultures use clothing and other forms of bodily decoration to communicatestatus(身份), intentions and other messages. In North America, we dress differently for business and various leisure activities. North American women usually are much more knowledgeable of little difference in messages communicated by clothes than men. At times, this leads to silly mistakes of understanding of female intentions on the part of men. Of course, clothing styles also are intended to communicate messages to members of the same gender(性别).Long before we are near enough to talk to someone, their appearance tells their gender, age, economic class, and often even intentions. We begin to recognize the important cultural clues at an early age. The vocabulary of dress that we learn includes not only items of clothing but also hairstyles, jewelry, and other body decoration. In most cultures, however, the same style of dress communicates different messages depending on the age, gender, and physical appearance of the individual wearing it.Putting on certain types of clothing can change your behavior and the behavior of others towards you. This can be the case with a doctor’s white lab coat, or an army uniform. Most uniforms are clearly symbolic so that they can rapidly and unmistakably communicate status. For instance, the strange hairstyle and clothing of the Engl ish “punks” are essential aspects of their uniforms.There are many forms of body decoration other than clothes that are used around the world to send messages. These include body and hair paint, and even body deformation. When doctors put braces on teeth, they are actually doing the same thing – deforming or reforming a part of the body to make it more attractive.11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Clothing and CultureB. Ways of Sending MessageC. Clothing and Social BehaviorD. Communication through Clothing12. Some people wear lucky shirts to take an exam because they believe .A. clothes can hide their fear for the examB. clothes have extraordinary powerC. shirts can make them more comfortableD. shirts provide protection against bad weather13. In North America, men sometimes misunderstand women’s intention because .A. men are more careless than womenB. women spend more time on their clothesC. men and women have different views on clothing stylesD. men care less about the different messages communicated by clothes14. According to the passage, the behavior of others towards you can be changed byyour .A. ageB. dressC. statusD. gender15. From the passage, it can be inferred that .A. clothing plays an important role in social activitiesB. words of dress are unable to communicate different messagesC. dress is better than language in communicating messagesD. messages communicated by clothes are the same in different cultures第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

XXX2014-2015学年下学期高二年级期末考试语文试卷后有答案

XXX2014-2015学年下学期高二年级期末考试语文试卷后有答案

XXX2014-2015学年下学期高二年级期末考试语文试卷后有答案XXX2014-2015学年下学期高二年级期末考试语文试卷后有答案本试卷满分为150分,考试时间150分钟。

第I卷50分一、基础与阅读(17分)材料一古人云“冒之以衣服,旌之以章旗,所以重其威也”,通过服饰表明贵贱在夏商时期当已形成。

我们通过《孝经》对服饰的论述片段,便能了解到古代“不僭上逼下”的着装要求。

穿错颜色,不但会受到惩罚,甚至还会招来杀身之祸。

清朝XXX 赐死年羹尧时,列举的罪状有几条就跟着装用色有关——用鹅黄色的荷包。

用黄布包裹衣服。

中国历代的服饰色彩与五行思想有着密切的关系。

从历代的服饰色彩演变中不难发现,古代服饰色彩始终以正色为尊,注重衣色之纯,五种正色白、青、黑、赤、黄源于五行金、木、水、火、土。

而历代所崇尚的颜色各异,《檀弓》有云“夏后氏尚黑,XXX尚白,XXX”,《史记·殷本纪》也记述XXX“易服色。

尚白”。

《礼记·王藻》云:“衣杂色,裳间色,非列采不入公门。

”个中的“列采”就是杂色服饰,也就是说,没有穿着杂色衣服是不能进入公门的。

作为封建社会初步的秦朝尚水德,于是黑色便成为打扮的首要颜色,“郊祀之服皆以袀玄”。

皇帝也经常是“玄衣绛裳”,即黑色上衣和深红色下衣,同样是以黑色为主调。

普通百姓单调的服色与礼制限制有关,“散民不敢服杂彩”(《春秋繁露·服制》)的描述正反映了这一现实。

《汉书·五行志》也曾记录,XXX微服私行,为了不引起人们的注意.遂穿着“白衣”。

封建社会中期当前,关于打扮颜色和等级的划定越发明确具体。

XXX虽然划定“贵贱异等,杂用五色”,但没有特别划定皇帝常服的服色。

而到了唐初,以黄袍衫等为皇帝常服,厥后逐渐用赤黄,“遂禁XXX不得以XXX为衣服杂饰”。

今后当前,黄色就成为了皇帝御用的颜色,成为皇帝王权的象征。

据《清史稿》记录:“龙袍,色用明黄。

领、袖俱石青,片金缘。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题第I卷(请将答案涂在答题卡上)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AI f you’re planning on traveling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.First of all, always check and double-check departure (起程) time. It is amazing how few people really do this carefully. Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten. My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 1050. When I arrived at the airport, the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed. Therefore, I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards, it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency(货币) with you when you arrive in a country. This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visit. Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. “Listen! I only take real money!” the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel, but it was embarrassing.The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave. I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suit and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester, to places like Athens, Rome or Madrid, where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day.1. Where is the writer most probably from?A. ItalyB. The USAC. BritainD. Greece2. According to the passage, the driver was angry because_______A. the author gave him false (假的) moneyB. the author did not give him the local moneyC. the author offered to pay by credit cardD. the author had no enough change3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author tells people to choose warm places as their travel destinations.B. You don’t have to take credit cards when traveling.C. You should know more about the weather of the place you’ll visit.D. It’s unnecessary to check the departure time carefully.4. The writer mainly tells us ______A. how to make life easierB. how to be well prepared for a tripC. how to enjoy ourselves on tripD. how to plan our tripBKnowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your timeproperly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn't mean that you must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.Here's some advice for you have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions; have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.5. We learn things because______A. we are willing to learnB. it can be fun and excitingC. we are interested in the subjectsD. we may use these things in the future6. Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the article?A. To focus on what you are studying.B. To study at any possible time and place.C. To review and preview.D. To pay attention to the most important things.7. The main purpose of the article is______A. to prove that learning is not so difficultB. to make the readers interested in studyC. to encourage students to study hard.D. to tell the students how to study wellCLast summer, after finishing our work in China, I took a trip of a lifetime on the Trans-SiberianRailway. Leaving Beijing early on a Wednesday morning in July, my wife and I traveled through some gorgeous countryside before we arrived in Moscow the following Monday evening.The first part of the journey took us past the Great Wall and through the grasslands of Inner Mongolia. At the Mongolian Republic border, we had a delay(耽搁) while the wheels were changed because the railway is different.On our way to the capital, Ulan Bator, we saw herdsmen(牧人) on horseback looking after their cattle. There was a terrible thunderstorm as we crossed a vast open plain. Later we had a quick tour of Ulan Bator.Next, the train took us into Siberia. After a stop at Irkutsk, a popular holiday resort (胜地), where a tour group left the train, we passed the great Lake Baikal. Later, we saw some lovely wooden houses in pretty, sunny countryside. This surprised us, as we had imagined Siberia asbeing covered in thick snow.Over the next few days, we passed through Novosibirsk, Omsk and other cities in the heartlands of the Russian Federation. By now, our body clocks were losing their sense of time. We wanted to sleep and eat at the wrong time!At last we reached Moscow. We were too tired and slept for 16 hours that night. The next day we went sightseeing. We saw the Kremlin and some other great buildings in the Russian capital. Then, all too soon, it was time for us to return to our home in London.8. How many days did it take the author to reach Moscow?A. fourB. fiveC. sixD. seven9. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Ulan Bator is the capital of Mongolian Republic.B. The author travelled with a group of friendsC. The author’s body clock ran faster than the others’.D. The train broke down at the Mongolian Republic border.10. The author was surprised by what he saw in Siberia because _____.A. it was covered with thick snow though it was sunny.B. the houses there were so pretty.C. there were a large number of tourists there.D. It was not covered in snow but it was sunny.11. The passage mainly tells us _____.A. how to travel to Moscow from Beijing.B. the trip from Beijing to Moscow.C. How wonderful the capital of Russia is.D. The trans-Siberian Railway.DDo you know what Street Sense is? It’s a newspaper in Washington D.C. about homeless people and problems that affect them. Homeless, or formerly homeless, Washingtonians write many of the articles. The newspaper’s business model is based on homeless sellers who sell the newspaper. You can hear them call out “Street Sense for sale!”near subway entrances, lunch places and other areas around the city.The Street Sense newspaper is housed in an office in a Christian church in Washington. Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed. The newspaper expresses the thoughts and experiences of people who call the streets home.Four staff members work at Street Sense and two of them are paid. The staff members write the first two pages of the paper. Intern s—students working as part of their studie s—and volunteers help. Homeless writers provide the rest of the material. This includes poems, stories and essays.Street Sense provides training for the homeless people who want to become part of the sales team. After the training, each student is given ten free copies of Street Sense. Once those are sold, trainees become real salespeople. They buy papers for thirty-five cents each and sell them for a dollar.Lisa Gillespie is the managing editor of Street Sense, She says the newspaper plays a part in homeless people’s lives that other media can not. With the help of the newspaper, a lot of homeless people have become confident again, and their lives have also been improved a lot.12. What does the writer mainly tell us in Paragraph 1?A. Something about the Street Sense.B. Homeless people in Washington D.C.C. How Street Sense solves homeless people’s problems.D. Where you can buy Street Sense.15. What can we infer from this passage?A. If you are one of the trainees of Street sens e, you can get ten dollars from selling all of your newspapers.B. There are too many homeless people in Washington D.C. for the government to help.C. Most articles of Street Sense are about Washingtonians’ lives.D. If you become real salespeople of Street Sense, you can get thirty-five cents from a copy of the newspaper.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第一次月考生物试题 Word版含答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第一次月考生物试题 Word版含答案

高一上学期第一次月考生物试题一选择题(每题只有一个选项是正确的,每题1.5分,共60分)1.下列关于生命系统的结构层次的说法,正确的是A.生物圈是地球上最基本的生命系统和最大的生态系统B.生物大分子如蛋白质、核酸,不是生命系统的结构层次C.病毒没有细胞结构,它的生命活动与生命系统没有关系D.各层次的生命系统层层相依,具有相同的组成、结构和功能2.关于显微镜的使用,下列说法正确的是A.如果在显微镜下观察到细胞质环流运动方向为逆时针,则实际运动方向为顺时针B.顺时针转动粗准焦螺旋,使镜筒下降,同时眼睛注视目镜C.低倍镜的视野中,右上角有一不清晰物像,此时应换用高倍镜并调节细准焦螺旋D.物镜由20×转换成40×,视野变暗,物像变大3.生命活动离不开细胞,对此理解不正确的是A.没有细胞结构的病毒也要寄生在活细胞内增殖B.单细胞生物体具有生命的基本特征C.多细胞生物体的生命活动由不同的细胞密切合作完成D.细胞是一切生物体结构和功能的基本单位4.如图是显微镜下观察到的几种细胞或组织图像,下列表述不正确的是A.图中能表示生命系统个体层次的是乙图中的细胞B.只有丙图中的细胞能进行光合作用C.丁图中的细胞不可能存在细胞壁D.甲、乙、丙所示细胞中都有的细胞器是核糖体5.图中a、b、c分别是三种生物细胞的结构模式图。

下列叙述正确的是A.以上三种细胞内遗传物质是DNA或RNAB. a细胞有细胞壁,而b、c细胞没有该结构C.三种细胞中共同具有的细胞器只有核糖体D. a、b细胞都可以进行光合作用6.一种植物和一种动物体内细胞的某些化学元素含量(占细胞干重的质量分数/%)如表中数据。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.碳元素的含量说明有机物是干物质的主要成分B.这两种生物体内所含化学元素的种类差异很大C若该动物血液中钙离子过高则会发生肌肉抽搐D.动植物体内的P.S元素含量较低,为微量元素7.下列关于水对生命活动影响的叙述,正确的是A.休眠期的植物,体内结合水/自由水的比值通常会下降B.细胞内自由水含量降低是细胞衰老的特征之一C.癌细胞是一种分裂失控的细胞,其自由水含量较正常细胞要低D.细胞内的脂肪成分多会使细胞内的结合水含量增高8.篮球运动员姚明的“佳得乐”运动饮料广告词:“解口渴,更解体渴,佳得乐。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试化学试题WORD版含答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试化学试题WORD版含答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试化学试题 一、选择题(每小题3分,每小题只有1个选项符合题意,共60分)。

1.甲酸是一种有机酸,又叫蚁酸。

蚊子、蜂、蚂蚁等昆虫叮咬人时,会向人体射入蚁酸,使皮肤红肿、瘙痒,甚至疼痛。

要消除这种症状,可在叮咬处涂抹下列物质中的已知家庭中一些常见物质的pH :食醋-4;牙膏-9;食盐水-7;肥皂水-10;火碱液-13A .火碱液B .食盐水C .牙膏或肥皂水D .食醋 2.将电解质分为强、弱电解质的依据是A .属于离子化合物还是共价化合物B .在一定条件下的电离程度C .熔融状态下是否完全电离D .溶于水后的导电能力是强还是弱3.下列有机物不是同一种物质的是A .CH CH CH 3CH 3CH 3CH 3与CH CHCH 3CH 3CH 3CH 3 B .与新戊烷C .C Cl ClH H 与C Cl ClH HD .C(CH 3)3C(CH 3)3与CH 3(CH 2)3C(CH 3)34. 某烷烃的一种同分异构体与氯气发生取代反应只能生成一种一氯代物,该烷烃的分子式可能是A. C 5H 12B. C 4H 10C. C 3H 8D. C 2H 65. 将0.1mol/L 的下列物质的水溶液,从常温加热到80℃(不计水的蒸发),溶液的pH 不变的是A .NaClB .(NH 4)2SO 4C .Ba (OH )2D .H 2SO 4 6.下列说法正确的是A. 物质的量浓度和体积都相同的盐酸和醋酸溶液,在与足量锌反应时,起始时二者产生H 2速率基本相等B. 100 mL 1 mol ·L -1的盐酸和50 mL 2 mol ·L -1的盐酸,分别与足量的锌反应时,两者放出H 2速率和质量均相等C. 100 mL pH=3的H 2SO 4和HCl 溶液,与足量锌反应后,放出H 2的质量相等D. 100 mL pH=3的盐酸与醋酸溶液,与足量锌反应后,所得H 2的质量相等 7.已知某温度下水的离子积K W =3.4×10-15.取该温度下浓度相同的NaOH 和HCl 溶液,以3∶2体积比相混合,所得溶液的pH 等于12,则原溶液的浓度为A .0.01mol·L -1B .0.017mol·L -1C .0.05mol·L -1D .0.50mol·L -18.室温下0.1mol/L 的NH 4CN 溶液的pH 等于9.32。

辽宁省沈阳市铁路实验中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考语文试题(含答案)

辽宁省沈阳市铁路实验中学2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考语文试题(含答案)

沈阳铁路实验中学2023—2024学年高一下学期4月月考语文试卷考试时间:150分钟考试分数:150分试卷说明:答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

作答时,将答案写在答题纸上,写在本试卷上无效。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1—5题。

开始从事农业生产,是人类进化史上的重大转折点。

有些人类学家甚至认为,啤酒在这一进程中扮演了重要的角色。

农业生产提供的剩余粮食使一些社会成员从粮食生产中解放出来,成为特殊职业者,专门从事手工业或其他商业活动,从而为人类文明的发展铺平了道路,推动了人类迈向现代社会的进程。

这个过程开始于公元前9000年,新月沃地的人们已开始种植大麦和小麦,这就与之前单纯以果腹充饥和储存为目的的简单野谷采集有了本质的区别。

当然,从打猎采集到农耕种植的转变是几千年逐渐演变的结果。

在这一过程中,耕种的农作物在人类的食谱中占据着越来越重要的地位。

但纵观人类发展的历史,这只是瞬间的变化:在700万年前从猿进化成人后,人类就一直靠采猎获得食物。

后来,他们突然弃猎从耕,弃采归田。

人类为何这样?为何是在这个特定的时期?史学界对此争论不休。

目前有许多假设:可能是新月沃地地区可供采猎的食物由于气候变化、物种死亡或过量采猎等原因而灭绝;可能是一种更加稳定的生活方式(但仍属于狩猎采集的方式)提高了人类的生育能力,致使人口激增,从而需要新的粮食来源;更可能是啤酒见之于世后,在社会交往、宗教祭祀等诸多方面赢得了极其重要的地位,人们希望通过栽培来确保稻谷供应,从而摆脱靠天吃饭和野谷充饥的境遇。

从最后一种假设来看,人类从事农业生产的部分原因是为保证啤酒的供应。

尽管这种假设有将农业的开始归功于啤酒的嫌疑,但在历史天平由采猎向农耕和小范围定居倾斜的过程中,啤酒似乎更像是诸多因素中的一个。

这是个棘轮效应:如果一个特定种群越依赖农作物作为其主要的食品,那么它的人口就增加得越快,就越难返回以狩猎采集为主的旧式游牧生活方式。

2014-2015学年第2学期期末考试

2014-2015学年第2学期期末考试

姓名____________ 学号________________ 班级或选课课号______________________________ 座号_______任课教师______________
密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题 ―――――――――――――――――――密――――――――――――――――-封――――――――――――――――线――――――――――――――――――――
2014-2015学年第2学期期末考试
《课程名称全称(以人才培养方案为准)》答卷A(或B)
(供 院(系) 专业 班使用)
题 号 一 二 三 四 (请根据实际情况增减列数) 总 分
得 分 (请根据实际情况增减列数)
流水评卷人 签名
非流水评卷 签名
总分合计人(签名)________________ 评卷复核人(签名)________________
一、试题类型(共 题,每小题 分 ,共 分)
1. 2.
得分
密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题
――――――――――――――――――密――――――――――――――――-封―――――――――――――――――线――――――――――――――――――――――
二、试题类型(共 题,每小题 分 ,共 分)
1.
2.
三、试题类型(共题,每小题分,共分)
密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题
――――――――――――――――――密――――――――――――――――-封―――――――――――――――――线――――――――――――――――――――――
四、试题类型(共 题,每小题 分 ,共 分)
1.
2.。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试物理试题Word版试卷及答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试物理试题Word版试卷及答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试物理试题一、选择题(共12小题,每小题4分,共48分。

第1~7题只有一项符合题目要求,第8~12题有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有错选的不得分。

)1.许多科学家对物理学的发展作出了巨大贡献,下列表述错误的是( )A .库仑通过扭秤实验总结出电荷间相互作用的规律B .法拉第首先总结出磁场对电流作用力的规律C .奥斯特发现了电流周围存在着磁场D .密立根测出了元电荷e 的数值2. P 、Q 两电荷的电场线分布如图所示,a 、b 、c 、d 为电场中的四点.一个离子从a 运动到b (不计重力),轨迹如图所示.则下列判断正确的是 ( )A .离子从a 到b ,电势能增加B .离子在运动过程中受到P 的排斥力C .c 、d 两点电势相等D .离子从a 到b ,动能增加3.如图所示的电路中,A 1A 2和B 1B 2为两根平行放置的导体棒,S 2为单刀双掷开关,下列操作中能使两根导体棒相互排斥的是( )A .闭合S 1,S 2接aB .闭合S 1,S 2接bC .断开S 1,S 2接aD .断开S 1,S 2接b4.下表是一辆电动自行车的部分技术指标,参考表中数据判断以下说法正确的是( )A .电动机每秒钟消耗的热能为180JB .电动机每秒钟消耗的电能为180JC .电动机的内电阻为1ΩD .电动机的内电阻为6Ω5.通有电流的导线1L 、2L 处在同一平面(纸面)内,1L 是固定的,2L 可绕垂直纸面的固定转轴O 转动(O 为2L 的中心),各自的电流方向如图所示.下列哪种情况将会发生 ( )A .2L 绕轴O 按顺时针方向转动B .2L 绕轴O 按逆时针方向转动C .因2L 不受磁场力的作用,故2L 不动D .因2L 上、下两部分所受的磁场力平衡,故2L 不动6. 在如图所示的电路中,电源的负极接地,其电动势为E 、内电阻为r ,R 1、R 2为定值电阻,R 3为滑动变阻器,C 为电容器,A 、V 为理想电流表和电压表。

试题精选_辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试生物调研试卷_精校完美版

试题精选_辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试生物调研试卷_精校完美版

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试生物试题一、选择题( 1—20题每小题1分,21—40题每小题2分共60分。

每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项正确。

请将选择题答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上)1.医生给低血糖休克病人静脉注射5%的葡萄糖溶液,目的是()A.供给全面营养 B.供给能源 C.维持细胞的渗透压 D.供给水分2. 在还原糖、脂肪、蛋白质鉴定实验中,对实验材料的选择叙述中,错误的是()A.甘蔗茎的薄壁组织、甜菜的块根等,都含有较多的糖且近于白色,因此可以用于进行还原糖的鉴定B.C.D.3.活细胞中含量最多的化合物是()A.维生素 B.氨基酸 C.水 D.淀粉4.下列叙述中,属于糖类作用的是()A.良好的溶剂 B.良好的储能物质C. 主要的能源物质D.携带遗传信息的物质5.氮是植物体内的重要元素之一,下列哪种物质的合成不需要氮元素()A.酶 B.纤维素 C.RNA D.ATP6.生物体新陈代谢旺盛,生长迅速时,生物体内()A.自由水/结合水的值与此无关 B. 自由水/结合水的值会升高C. 自由水/结合水的值会降低D. 自由水/结合水的值不变7.植物细胞和动物细胞中储存能量的多糖分别是()A.维生素和糖原 B.麦芽糖和乳糖C. 淀粉和糖原D.葡萄糖和纤维素8.胰岛素分子有A、B两条肽链,A链有21个氨基酸,B链有30个氨基酸,胰岛素分子中肽键的数目是()A.48个 B.49个 C.50个 D.51个9.已知20种氨基酸的平均相对分子质量为128。

图1为某蛋白质的肽链结构示意图(其中数字为氨基酸序号),图2为部分肽链放大示意图,请据图判断下列叙述中正确的是()A.图1所示的蛋白质的相对分子质量为13 652B.图2中含有的R基是①②④⑥⑧,肽键有③⑤⑦三个C.从图2可推知该肽链至少含有两个游离的羧基和两个游离的氨基D.高温使蛋白质变性,主要是因为破坏了“—S—S—”和③⑤⑦等结构10.某些试剂能使生物组织中的有关化合物产生特定的颜色反应,以下叙述错误的是()A.斐林试剂-还原糖-砖红色 B.苏丹Ⅲ染液-脂肪-橘黄色C. 双缩脲试剂-蛋白质-蓝色D.碘液-淀粉-蓝色11.右图是由3个圆所构成的类别关系图,其中Ⅰ为大圆,Ⅱ和Ⅲ分别为大圆之内的小圆。

2014-2015学年度高二上学期期中考试语文试题

2014-2015学年度高二上学期期中考试语文试题

2014-2015学年度高二上学期期中考试语文试题(考试时间 150分钟)(甲必做题)一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题融入科技元素的时装我们有ipod和黑莓手机,手指轻轻触屏就可以选项。

我们进入了数字化时代,我们变得机械化了,什么东西都分门别类。

而时尚设计师们也开始将高新科技元素融入服装中。

近年来,背包里开始设计有专放ipod的口袋,手袋一般也有专放手机的小袋子。

如今,前卫的时尚业开始将新科技置于衣料中,而不仅仅是为这些好玩的小玩意儿提供存放空间。

这种新科技服装有时看上去像是来自科幻片,有的像是情绪戒指,这种服装可以依据穿衣者的举止来感觉和判断他的心情,并据此播放适当的mp3歌曲。

创新是不受限制的,有时看起来也可能很荒唐。

荷兰乌得勒支艺术学院的大学生埃里克设计出一种高科技牛仔裤,在大腿部位装有无线电蓝牙键盘,后兜里放有鼠标,膝盖上装有话筒。

有些人或许会觉得这种在大腿上敲键盘的方式有点儿不雅,但它凸显了这种高科技在推动服装技术的发展。

还有人利用一种镍钛记忆合金,改变服装面料的质地,使之发光的嵌料可以移动,就像是它们在呼吸,有点儿像珊瑚随潮水移动一样。

英国服装设计师侯赛因•卡拉扬被公认是高科技服装的创始人,他两次荣获“年度最佳英国设计师”的美称。

伦敦设计博物馆正在举办一场有趣而诱人的杰作。

这些作品向人们展示的全是卡拉扬的杰作。

这些作品向人们展示了他15年的设计生涯。

其中的一件作品是由水晶和激光制成的服装,可以产生艳丽的光影闪烁的郊果,,上面显示的是水底世界。

卡拉扬认为,将科技融入时装是“创新的唯一途径”。

高科技服装设计师并不期望他们的作品很快会在大街上流行,他们的努力正在慢慢引导时尚业的创意思维。

纽约的服装设计师张安骅用热变色布料设计了一款皱褶叠层服装,它可展现出一幅纽约市地图。

生产防寒服的奥尼尔公司研制出一种内置GPS定位系统的导航滑雪服。

其袖筒上装有液晶显示器可以显示滑雪者的坐标和地理信息,还可以导航。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考数学(理)试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考数学(理)试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期第二次月考数学(理)试题时间:100分钟 总分:120分第Ⅰ卷 (60分)一、选择题本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.命题“0||,2≥+∈∀x x R x ”的否定是( )A .0||,2<+∈∀x x R x B. 0||,2≤+∈∀x x R x C. 0||,2000<+∈∃x x R x D. 0||,2000≥+∈∃x x R x 2.设,,a b c R ∈,且a b >,则 ( )A .ac bc >B .11a b< C .22a b > D .33a b > 3.若数列}{n a 的通项公式是(1)(32)nn a n =-⋅-,则1210a a a ++⋅⋅⋅+= ( )A .15B .12C .-12D .-154.已知椭圆过点3(,4)5P -和点4(,3)5Q --,则此椭圆的标准方程是( ) A.y 225+x 2=1 B.x 225+y 2=1或x 2+y 225=1 C.x 225+y 2=1 D .以上均不正确 5.有下列四个命题:①“若xy =1,则x 、y 互为倒数”的逆命题; ②“相似三角形的周长相等”的否命题;③若“A ∪B =B ,则A ⊇B ”的逆否命题.其中的真命题有( )个。

A .0 B .1 C .2 D .36.若双曲线12222=-by a x 的焦点到其渐近线的距离等于实轴长,则该双曲线的离心率为( )A .5B . 5C . 2D .27.已知命题2:,0p x R x x ∀∈+>“”,命题:q a c b d a b c d +>+>>“是且的充分不必要条件”,则下列结论正确的是( ) A .命题“q p ∧”是真命题B. 命题“()P q ⌝∧”是真命题C. 命题“()p q ∧⌝”是真命题D. 命题“p q ∨”是假命题8.已知抛物线)0(22>=p px y 与双曲线12222=-by a x 有相同的焦点F ,点A 是两曲线的交点,且AF ⊥x 轴,则双曲线的离心率为 ( )A .5+12 B .3+1 C .2+1 D .22+129.已知2y x x y x a ≥⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪≥⎩,且2z x y =+的最大值是最小值的3倍,则a 的值是( )A .23B .13C . 14D .1510.双曲线22221x y a b-=(0a >,0b >)的左、右焦点分别是12F F ,,过1F 作倾斜角为30的直线交双曲线右支于M 点,若2MF 垂直于x 轴,则双曲线的离心率为()ABCD 11.“1λ≤”是数列“2*2()n a n n n N λ=-∈为递增数列”的( ) A .充分不必要条件 B .必要不充分条件 C .充要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件12.过椭圆)0(1:2222>>=+b a by a x C 的左顶点A 的斜率为k 的直线交椭圆C 于另一个点B ,且点B 在x 轴上的射影恰好为右焦点F ,若,2131<<k 则椭圆离心率的取值范围是( ) A .)49,41( B .)1,32( C .)32,21( D .)21,0(第Ⅱ卷 (60分)二、填空题:本大题共2小题,每小题4分,共8分.把答案填在答题纸中对应横线上.13.已知(1,1)P 是直线l 被椭圆22143x y +=所截得的线段的中点,则直线l 的方程为 。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第一次月考语文试题 Word版含答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第一次月考语文试题 Word版含答案

高一上学期第一次月考语文试题第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

我国古代社会长期以来是个礼法结合、德主刑辅的社会,中国古代的刑这一概念兼有法与罚两种含义。

秦王朝的“严刑峻法”使秦朝迅速灭亡,也使汉朝面临危机。

此时,董仲舒适应历史需要,以孔孟思想为基础,吸收诸家学说,创造了一个新的儒家理论体系。

在法律方面,他提出“德主刑辅”的主张,用“软硬两手”代替“专制刑治”。

据此,董仲舒认为,官吏应该“据法听讼”和“依法刑人”,但他更侧重倡导“据义行法”和“春秋决狱”。

“春秋决狱”亦称“经义决狱”,其特点是司法者不是引用正式的法律条文断罪,而是凭借儒家经典中的微言大义来判案;被引用的儒家经典包括《诗经》《尚书》《礼记》《易经》《春秋》等,尤其是孔子所辑的《春秋》最为常用,故名“春秋决狱”。

“春秋决狱”对中国古代法律文化发展进程中的最大贡献主要表现在它促动了法律儒家化的“礼法融合”。

其表现为法律适用中的礼法融合和审判方法上的礼法融合。

“春秋决狱”在法律适用上改变了以往依照客观情况“一刀切”的司法方式,采取根据不同案件情形区别对待;在审判方法上改变了秦以来客观主义审判方法,开始特别重视对行为人主观心理动机因素的衡量。

当法律与春秋决狱发生矛盾时,往往舍法律而取经义,并最终将经义法律化,即以礼入法。

但春秋决狱也有其弊端,即加大了司法的随意性。

“春秋决狱”之后,更加推动了人们引用儒家经义来注解法律的活动。

随着“引经注律”的不断发展,唐朝统治者在法律中渗透了大量的礼教的精神内容,即唐代不少的法律是根据礼义制定的。

特别是《唐律疏议》,成为我国古代文献中将法和礼的关系体现得最为完整而又较早的典型之作。

作为古代法典的代表,它集前代立法之大成。

它不仅是以经立法的结晶,也是整个法律儒家化的浓缩和再现。

至此,法律已然完全伦理化。

清朝末年的法律制度改革,实际上清政府是假借变法之名,而行修律之实。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第二次月考数学试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第二次月考数学试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第二次月考数学试题考试时间:120分钟;满分:150分第I 卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题(本题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1.下列函数中,在(0,)+∞上单调递减的是( )A 、()ln f x x =B 、2()(1)f x x =-C 、3()f x x =D 、1()1f x x =+ 2.函数2()ln(1)f x x x=+-的零点所在的大致区间是( ) A .(0,1) B .1,2()C .(2,e )D .(3,4) 3.已知m ,n 表示两条不同直线,α表示平面,下列说法正确的是( ) A .若//m α,//n α,则//m n B .若m α⊥,n α⊂,则m n ⊥ C .若m α⊥,m n ⊥,则 //n α D .若//m α,m n ⊥,则n α⊥4.一平面截一球得到直径为6cm 的圆面,球心到这个圆面的距离是4cm,则该球的体积是A.31003cm π B.32083cm π C.35003cm π35.设函数))((R x x f ∈为奇函数,21)1(=f ,)2()()2(f x f x f +=+,则)5(f =( ) A .0 B .32 C .52 D .-326.已知0,0a b >>且1ab =,则函数xa x f =)(与x x gb log )(-=的图象可能是( )7.如图,三棱锥V ABC -的底面为正三角形,侧面VAC 与底面垂直且VA VC =,已知其正视的面积为23,则其侧视图的面积为( )AC .4D .68.如图,在四面体D -ABC 中,若AB =CB ,AD =CD ,E 是AC 的中点,则下列正确的是( )A.平面ABC ⊥平面ABDB.平面ABD ⊥平面BDCC.平面ABC ⊥平面BDE ,且平面ADC ⊥平面BDED.平面ABC ⊥平面ADC ,且平面ADC ⊥平面BDE9.点D C B A ,,,均在同一球面上,且AB 、AC 、AD 两两垂直,且,1=AB ,2=AC 3=AD ,则该球的表面积为( )A .π7B .π14C .27π D .3147π10.当(0,)x ∈+∞时,幂函数21(1)m y m m x --=--为减函数,则实数m =( )A .m=2B .m=-1C .m=2或m=1D .m ≠ 11.函数()()212log 4f x x =-的单调递增区间为( )A .(0,+∞)B .(-∞,0)C .(2,+∞)D .(-∞,-2)12.对于函数d xcbx ax x f +-+=3)( (其中a,b,c ∈R,d ∈Z ),选取a,b,c,d 的一组值计算)(m f 和)(m f -,所得出的正确结果一定不可能是( )A .3和7B .2和6C .5和11D .-1和4第II 卷(非选择题,共90分)二、填空题(本大题共4题,每小题5分,共20分)13.某圆锥体的侧面展开图是半圆,当侧面积是π2时,则该圆锥体的体积是 . 14.已知函数()()⎩⎨⎧<>=)0(,20,log 2x x x x f x,则()241-+⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛f f 的值等于_______.15.对,a b R ∈,记{}()min ,()a ab a b b a b <⎧=⎨≥⎩,按如下方式定义函数()f x :对于每个实数x ,{}82,6,min )(2+-=x x x x f .则函数()f x 最大值为________________ .16.正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1的棱长为1,P 为BC 的中点,Q 为线段CC 1上的动点,过点A ,P ,Q 的平面截该正方体所得的截面记为S .则下列命题正确的是________(写出所有正确命题的编号).①当0<CQ <12时,S 为四边形;②当CQ =12时,S 为等腰梯形;③当34<CQ <1时,S 为六边形;④当CQ =1时,S三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共70分)17.(本题10分)设集合}023|{2=+-=x x x A ,}0)5()1(2|{22=-+++=a x a x x B . (1)若}2{=B A ,求实数a 的值; (2)若A B A = ,求实数a 的取值范围.18,(本题12分)求四边形ABCD 绕AD 旋转一周所成几何体的表面积及体积.19.(本题12分)已知函数1||)(2+-+=a x x x f ,R x ∈,R a ∈. (1)当1=a 时,求函数)(x f 的最小值;(2)若函数)(x f 的最小值为)(a g ,令)(a g m =,求m 的取值范围.20.(本题12分)如图,四棱锥ABCD P -中,底面ABCD 为梯形,//AD BC ,12AB AD BC ==,60ABC ∠=,平面⊥PAB 平面ABCD ,PB PA ⊥.(1)求证://BC 平面PAD ;(2)求证:AC PB ⊥;(3)是否存在点Q ,到四棱锥ABCD P -各顶点的距离都相等?并说明理由.ABCD P21.(本题12分)如图,四棱锥P ABCD -中,底面ABCD 是菱形,PA PD =,60BAD ∠=,E 是AD 的中点,点Q 在侧棱PC 上.(1)求证:AD ⊥平面PBE ;(2)若Q 是PC 的中点,求证:PA //平面BDQ ;(3)若2P BCDE Q ABCD V V --=,试求CPCQ的值. 22(本题12分)设121()log 1axf x x x -=+-为奇函数,a 为常数. (1)求a 的值;(2)判断函数()f x 在(1,)x ∈+∞上的单调性,并说明理由; (3)若对于区间[]3,4上的每一个x 值,不等式1()()2x f x m >+恒成立,求实数m 的取值范围.一.选择题DBBCC BBCBA DD 二.填空题17.解:(1)化简集合{1,2}A =,∵}2{=B A ,∴2B ∈,代入B 中方程,得2430a a ++=,所以1a =-或3a =-.当1a =-时,{2,2}B =-,满足条件;当3a =-时,{2}B =,也满足条件,综上得a 的值为1-或3-.(2)∵A B A = ,∴B A ⊆,即集合B 为集合{1,2}A =的子集.222(1)(5)0x a x a +++-=的两个根,由根与系数的关系得122(1)a +=-+且2125a ⨯=-,此时a 无解.综上a 的取值范围是3a ≤-. 18.解:如图,设圆台上,下地面半径是r 1,r 2,过C 点作CF ⊥AB ,由∠ADC =135°,CE ⊥AD, CD=22得∠EDC =45°,r 1= CE= 2,则CF=4,BF=3,CF ⊥AB ,得BC=5,r 2= AB= 5, ∴S 表面=S 下底面+S 台侧面+S 锥侧面=π×r 22+π×(r 2+r 1)×5+π×r 1×CD =π×52+π×(2+5)×5+π×2×22 =(60+42)π.V =V 台-V 锥=31π(21r +r 1r 2+22r )AE -31π21r DE =31π(22+2×5+25)4-31π22×2 =3148π.(Ⅱ)⎩⎨⎧<++-≥+-+=ax a x x ax a x x x f ,1,1)(221)当21≥a ,a f x f +==43)21(min )(;2)当2121<<-a ,1)(min )(2+==a a f x f ;3)当21-≤a ,a f x f -=-=43)21(min )(;20.解:(1)证明:底面ABCD 为梯形,//AD BC , 又BC ⊄平面PAD ,AD ⊂平面PAD , 所以//BC 平面PAD .(2)证明:设BC 的中点为O ,连结AO ,在梯形ABCD 中,因为 12AB AD BC ==,60ABC ∠=, 所以 ABO ∆为等边三角形,1OA =, 又 //AD BC ,所以 四边形OCDA 为菱形.因为120AOC ∠=,OA OC =, 所以30OAC ∠=,(3)解:因为 PA PB ⊥,AC PB ⊥,所以PB ⊥平面PAC . 所以,PB PC ⊥,所以 PBC ∆为直角三角形,90BPC ∠=. 连结BD ,由(2)知60BCD ∠=, 所以 ABC DCB ∆≅∆,所以 DBC ∆为直角三角形,90BDC ∠=.所以点O 是三个直角三角形:PBC ∆、ABC ∆和DBC ∆的共同的斜边BC 的中点, 所以 OA OB OC OD OP ====,所以存在点Q (即点O )到四棱锥ABCD P -各顶点的距离都相等.21.解:(1)因为E 是AD 的中点,PA=PD ,所以AD ⊥PE .ABCD PO·(3)设四棱锥P-BCDE ,Q-ABCD 的高分别为1h ,2h ,所以V P-BCDE =13S BCDE 1h ,V Q-ABCD =13S ABCD 2h . 因为V P-BCDE =2V Q-ABCD ,且底面积S BCDE =34S ABCD . 所以1283h h =,因为12h CP h CQ=,所以83CP CQ =. 122.解:(1)121()log 1axf x x x -=+- 为奇函数,()()0f x f x ∴-+=对定义域内的任意x 都成立,112211log log 011ax axx x x x +-∴-++=---, 11111ax ax x x +-∴⋅=--- , 解,得1a =-或1a =(舍去). (2)由(1)知:121()log 1xf x x x +=+-, 任取12,(1,)x x ∈+∞ ,设12x x < ,则:1221121211011(1)(1)x x x x x x x x ++--=>----, 121211011x x x x ++∴>>-- ,1211122211log log 11x x x x ++∴<-- 121112122211log log 11x x x x x x ++∴+<+--,12()()f x f x ∴<()f x ∴ 在(1,)x ∈+∞ 上是增函数.对于区间[3,4] 上的每一个x 值,不等式1()()2xf x m >+ 恒成立,即()m g x < 恒成立, 158m ∴<.。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试化学试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试化学试题

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试化学试题H -1, C -12. N -14 ,O- 16,S-32,Cu-64,Fe-56,第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共45分)一、单向选择题(1—15每小题2分,16—20每小题3分,合计45分)1.在盛放酒精的试剂瓶上应印有如下图所示警示标记中的()2、实验室里需用495mL 0.1 mol/L的硫酸铜溶液,以下操作正确的是()A.称取7.68 g硫酸铜,加入500 mL水B.称取12.5 g胆矾配成500 mL溶液C.称取8.0 g硫酸铜,加入500 mL水D.称取12.0 g胆矾配成500 mL溶液3.被称为万能还原剂的NaBH4(NaBH4中H为-1价)能溶于水并和水反应,有如下反应NaBH4+2H2O=NaBO2+4H2↑,下列有关该反应的说法中,正确的是()A.NaBH4既是氧化剂又是还原剂B.NaBH4是氧化剂,H2O是还原剂C.硼元素被氧化,氢元素被还原D.被氧化的元素与被还原的元素质量比为1∶14.医学上对血液中毒最常用的净化手段是血液透析。

透析时,病人的血液通过浸在透析液中的透析膜进行循环和透析。

血液中的蛋白质和血细胞不能透过透析膜,血液内的毒性物质则可以透过,由此可以判断( )A.蛋白质、血细胞不溶于水,毒性物质可溶于水B.蛋白质以分子形式存在,毒性物质以离子形式存在C.蛋白质、血细胞的粒子直径大于毒性物质的粒子直径D.蛋白质、血细胞不能透过滤纸,毒性物质能透过滤纸5.在同温、同压下,A容器的氨气和B容器的氯气中,若它们所含的原子数相等,则这两个容器的体积之比是()A.2∶1 B.1∶2 C.2∶3 D.1∶36.在一定体积的容器中,加入1.5 mol氙气(Xe)和7.5 mol氟气(F2),于400℃和2 633 kPa 下加热数小时,然后迅速冷却至25℃,容器内除得到一种无色晶体外,还余下4.5 mol F2。

则所得无色晶体产物中氙与氟的原子个数比是()A.1∶2 B.1∶3 C.1∶4 D.1∶67.下列说法正确的是()A.气体摩尔体积不一定是22.4 L/mol B.1 mol H2O(g)在标准状况下体积为22.4 LC .1 mol 气体体积为22.4 L ,则一定是标准状况D . 1 mol 任何气体所占体积都约是22.4 L8.在150℃时,(NH 4)2CO 3分解的方程式为:(NH 4)2CO 3=====△2NH 3↑+H 2O ↑+CO 2↑,若完全分解,产生的气态混合物的密度是相同条件下氢气密度的( )A .96倍B .48倍C .12倍D .10倍9.偏二甲肼(C 2H 8N 2)是一种高能燃料,燃烧产生巨大能量,可作为航天运载火箭的推动力。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题Word版试卷及答案

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题Word版试卷及答案

宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出最佳选项.ANEW YORK—The band Atomic Tom has scored an Internet hit with its self-created video to the song Take Me Out. In the video, the band members ride a New York City subway while performing entirely on iPhones, with applications linked with mini-battery powered broadcasters for each instrument.Singer Luck White says the production was a top-secret operation."We didn't tell anyone about this. It was completely top-secret from our family, from our friends, from management, from everybody. So the first time that people saw this video was last Friday when we put it on YouTube,"explained White.It has been watched by more than 2 million on YouTube since debuting(首次露面) last week. "All I've wanted to do for the past few days is just stare at the YouTube page and keep refreshing it to see how far it will go, " said Espiritu, the lead guitarist of the band."The Internet changed everything,"Espiritu said. "It's kind of an exciting time because it forces everyone to adjust and be creative and find new ways to get your name out there."The idea for the video came from Espiritu's 24-year-old brother Benjamin, who's hoping to go to film school. " I've seen a lot of these music applications, and they're kind of fascinating to me,"Benjamin Espiritu said. " I thought: 'What would happen if iPhones kind of took over the world? If there could actually be a band that played straight through with iPhones, what would that look like?'" So they shot(拍摄) the video —with iPhones also serving as video cameras. The band also tried Union Square but were stopped during playing because they didn't have a permit."The YouTube views are translating into album sales,"Espiritu said. "We've seen the jump." Their album has been in the top 10albums on iTunes.Will their fans start cheering for iPhone-only performances? "We've gotten the most exposure(曝光)and teh most fans that we've ever gotten through this, so I wouldn't be surprised if fans are going to want to see that.: Espritu said.1.Who first saw the ban's video to the song Take Me Out?A. Their friendsB. Their familyC. The people onlineD. Their management.2.What did Espiritu mean by saying "The YouTube views are translating into album sales"?A. The You Tube views make the album sales increase.B. The band has changed the video on the YouTube into an album.C. People need to pay for the video if they view it on the YouTube.D. People who have viewed the video on the YouTube should buy an album.3.What can we learn from the text?A. It was Espiritu who came up with teh idea of the video.B. Benjamin thought iPhones would take over the world.C. The band also managed to shoot the video in the Union Square.D. Espiritu thought it was possible fro their fans to prefer iPhone-only performances.4.What would be the best title for this text?A. Atomic Tom's iPhone Subway PerformanceB. Take Me Out—Atomic Tom's New SongC. A band's performance through YouTubeD. A Band's iPhone single T ake Me Out Hits BigBThe British coloney(殖民地)of Bermude is a top summertime escape. Yet, even through October, Bermuda isn't ready to stop for the winter. During this month, world-class festivals on teh island keep things lively and the weather remains comfortable enough for Bermuda shorts and bathing suits.In October, Bermuda hosts two major festivals—the Bermuda Music Festival and the Bermuda Culinary Arts(厨艺) Festival. The 10th anniversary Bermuda Music Festival begins October 5 and features three days of performances at the Royal Naval Dockyard(皇家海军造船厂)on Bermuda's West End. Featured main stage performers include Joss Stone, Pattie Labelle, and Al Green, and a second stage spotlights local Bermudian artists. General admission tickets start at $60 for on e day or $160 for a three-day pass.Starting October 21, the Culinary Arts Festival brings some of North America's top chefs to the island for four days of food and wine tastings, conferences and cooking competitions. Participating chefs include Todd English and Michael Lomonaco, among others. Three-day festival passes start at $649 per person, but you can also buy separate tickets for individual events.Even if you don't attend one of the festivals, there's still plenty to do. With mostly sunny days and temperatures averaging aroung 79 degrees, the weather is just right for participating in Bermuda's two favorite pastimes—golf and tennis. With fewer visitors on the island than during the summer, you may have an easier time getting the best times or a spot on the courts. It's also still warm enough to enjoy the island's pink sand beaches and go swimming, because the water keeps the summer's heat longer than the air. Of course, you can always shop in the city of Hamilton's upscale(质优价高的) small goods arts and crafts shops.5.The Culinary Arts Festival lasts _____.A. from October 5 to 7B. from October 5 to 8C. from October 21 to 24D. from October 21 to 256.The best time to travel to Bermuda is ______A. springB. SummerC. AutumnD. winter7.This text is most probably a(n) ______A. advertisementB. introductionC. reportD. instruction8.According to the text which of the following statements is true?A. In winter travelers can't swim in the sea.B. Bermuda is an island controlled by the UK.C. The two festivals fall on the same period of October.D. Bermuda's two major festivals in October are mainly for the British.CH.T.B. ARTS CENTREFILM Tickets £2.50 / £ 1.50. Performances at 8 pm unless started otherwise.WILD AT HEART 127mins.Web 6-Fri8 FebruaryDirector: David LynchStarring: Nicholas Cage, Laura Dern, Willem Dafoe A first-class film. CAGE and his girlfriend DERN are on teh run through the dangerous Deep South. They are hiding from gunmen who have been hired to kill CAGE by DERN's mother. Victims, yes—but they also have fun. It's wild at heart, strange on top. Funny, frightening and brilliant.DICK TRACY 113mins Mon 11-Sat16 February 6pm Tickets on sale 5-6 pm The famous detective tries to stop Big Boy and the Blank from taking over the city. A colourful and exciting film. Some parts are frightening,Director: Warren BeattyStarring: Warren Beatty , Madonnaso think twice about taking children.BATMAN 126 minsMon11-Sat16 February 8.30pmTickets on sale 7.30-8.30pmPIZZA PLUS offer 6-7pmDirector: Tim BurtonStarring: Michael Keaton, Jack Nicholson A few essential questions must be asked...Is Batman a mad hero? Why does Bruce Wayne spend millions dressing up as a bat? Has Nicholson's Joker stolen the whole movie? Great action and excellent acting, especially by Nicholson.TEENAGE MUTANT NINJA TURTLES 93minsMon 18- Fri22 February 6pmTickets on sale 5-6 pmDirector: Steve Barron If you've eaten Teenage Mutant Hero Turtle pizzas(marshmallow and chocolate on banana) and then cleaned your teeth with a Teenage Mutant Hero Turtle toothbrush we need say no more... If not, then get in on the craze(热衷) and see for yourself. Then man-sized turtles fight their enemy, Shredder in an action-packed story.9.Which film has the shortest running time?A. BatmanB. Dick TracyC. Wild at HeartD. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles10.According to the text, we can learn that _____.A. tickets on sale for the four films can be bought at 6 pmB. Dick Tracy and Batman can be seen on the same dayC. One can buy tickets in advance for all the filmsD. Both Batman and Wild at Heart are frightening11.Which of the following is TRUE of Batman?A. Cage acted the leading role in it.B. One can enjoy pizza at 6:30 pm.C. The pizzas offered contain fruits.D. Most of its scenes are peaceful.12.Where can we most probably read this text?A. In a research paper.B. In a short story.C. In an ad page.D. In a student's book.DThe earliest historical record of the Diaoyu Islands can date back to China’s Ming Dynasty a bout 650 years ago in a book titled "Voyage With a Tail Wind," published in 1403. The book records the first usage of "Diaoyu Islet" and "Chiwei Islet". The names refer to the current Diaoyu Islands and Chiwei Islet. Hu Zongxian, the Zhejiang governor of t he Ming Dynasty, placed the Diaoyu Islands and surrounding islets within China’s maritime defense system. It demonstrates that the islands have been within China’s maritime defense region since the Ming Dynasty.Japan claimed sovereignty(主权)during the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, seizing the islands by illegal means.The Cairo Declaration issued after World War II stipulated(规定) that all territory taken by Japan illegally, including China’s northeast, Taiwan and Penghu islets, must be returned to China.In August 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender under the terms of the Potsdam Declaration. The declaration laid out that Japan must return Taiwan, the Diaoyu Islands and surrounding islets to China.But the islands came under US control after 1945. In 1951, Japan and the US signed an illegal treaty in San Francisco without inviting China. The islands were then "entrusted" to Japan according to the treaty.On September 18th, 1951, then Chinese Premier and Foreign Minister Zhou Enlai made a solemn(庄严的) statement on behalf of the Chinese government that the Treaty of Peace with Japan signed in San Francisco was illegal , and would not be recognized without the participation and signing of the People’s Republic of China.In June 1971, Japan and the United States signed an agreement to hand over Okinawa to Japan. The Diaoyu Islands were mapped into the handover area.China’s Foreign Ministry announced on December 30th 1971 that such a move was "totally illegal" and reiterated(重申) that the Diaoyu Islands and surrounding islets were "an integral part of the Chinese territory".第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2013-2014学年高二下学期期末考试语文试卷

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2013-2014学年高二下学期期末考试语文试卷

阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

《红楼梦》和中华文化周汝昌《红楼梦》以前的章回体“稗官”“野史”绝无如此弘广深厚的文化内涵容量,曹雪芹以前的作者群,也不曾有过像他这般才情灵慧的大手笔:两者凑泊,形成了诞生这部伟大的文化小说的历史条件,正所谓前无史例,后继为难。

那么,这部小说究竟继承和发展了中华文化的哪些精髓、何等光芒呢?简要而言,有两条主脉,贯串了全书。

这两条主脉,并非我辈读者的臆想创说,实由作者自己明文提醒,即:一干裙钗、几个异样女子的“小才微善”。

一部大书的主题眼目,豁然尽展于此。

作者的文风,语淡而意蕴,然其含蕴至丰。

吾人须知:一“才”一“善”,便是雪芹对我中华文化这精髓命脉的最经济的简括和深识。

才是什么?一般理解大抵以为是指“文才”“诗才”,在《红楼梦》而言更是如此“无疑”的事意。

其实这是看错了。

试看:一、“无才可去补苍天”——石头二、“才自精明志自高”——探春三、“都知爱慕此生才”——凤姐四、“试才题对额”——宝玉五、“才选凤藻宫”——元春六、“才华阜比仙”——妙玉这些例中,只有宝玉所试之“才”实指文才,其余诸人,皆非此一狭义可限。

最明显的是探、凤二例,凤是今之所谓“文盲”,其才与诗文了无干涉。

元春入选,明言是由“贤德”。

妙玉的才,以仙为喻,亦非仅指能诗而已。

这样一说,则《红楼梦》所重之才,所包甚为广博。

原来,“才”是中华大文化中的一项至关重要的节目,是中华民族对客观世界的一种高层次的认识感悟。

在《易经》的《说卦》中就已提出了天之道,地之道,人之道——是谓“三才”的理念。

三才概括了宇宙万物和人类的体性功能、生机动力,而人居三者之中,为“天地之心”,独占“性灵”之位。

这也就是“天人合一”的哲思的另一逻辑形式。

天之才,表现为风云雷电,节序光阴。

地之才,表现为山川动植,品类众生。

人之才,则表现为智慧聪明,情思才干。

所谓“天人合一”,实即“天人本一”,人也是天的一部分,也是天的精华体现。

所以,在《红楼梦》中原始根由是女娲炼石,石乃“通灵”——是为天人一体可以互感互通这中华哲思的“艺术解说”。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学高二下学期期末考试语文试卷.pdf

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学高二下学期期末考试语文试卷.pdf

沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年度下学期期末考试 高二语文 考试时间:150分钟 分数: 150分 注意事项: 1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷 一、-3题。

(9分) 在中国古代,家学传统最早出现在史官家庭,因为史官要懂得数学、天文、历法,这些东西不靠学校讲,靠父子相传。

所以,二十四史的第一部——《史记》就是由父子两代人完成的,这就是家学的影响。

二十四史的第二部是《汉书》,主要作者是班固,但是班固的父亲班彪首先写了几十篇,然后班固接着写,班固没有写完,坐牢死了,他的妹妹班昭接着写。

所以,《汉书》实际上经过了班彪、班固、班昭之手才最后完成。

中国古代的家学很容易出现,这种例子太多了。

“唐宋八大家”里有父子三人的“三苏”,苏辙、苏轼、苏洵,诗书相传,一家三口都是大文豪;历史上最有名的书法家是王羲之和他的儿子王献之;曹操,还有他的儿子曹丕、曹植,历史上号称“三曹”,都是著名的文学家;和“三曹”同时代的著名女作家蔡文姬,其父蔡邕,也是大学者大作家。

很多家族家风是代代相传的,而且有教育子女的格言,叫家训。

所以从魏晋南北朝开始出现了很多家训的书,最有名的是颜之推的《颜氏家训》,一直到今天,《颜氏家训》仍然被誉为家教典范。

中国古代家学、家风的兴盛,直接带来的结果就是家业的代代相传。

祖父和父亲是史官,儿孙就继续做史官;祖父和父亲是搞天文历法的,儿孙就继续钻研天文历法;祖父和父亲是中医,儿孙往往也继承医学传统。

世界上有许多古老的民族,但是,唯独中华民族是一个具有悠久的家学传统的民族。

造成这个现象的原因有三个方面:第一,小农经济形成极其浓厚的家庭观念;第二,世代相传的儒家思想影响了我们的每一个家庭;第三,中华民族在长期的发展过程中,对读书的重视是世界上很多民族所不及的。

中国古代的家学有几个方面的内容,第一个是家长对孩子的启蒙教育。

钱学森在回想他的童年的时候说过,他四岁开始,每天都要站在家长面前背书。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题辽宁省沈阳铁路实验中学2014-2015学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题考试时间:150分钟分数: 150分第I卷一、阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。

(9分)在中国古代,家学传统最早出现在史官家庭,因为史官要懂得数学、天文、历法,这些东西不靠学校讲,靠父子相传。

所以,二十四史的第一部——《史记》就是由父子两代人完成的,这就是家学的影响。

二十四史的第二部是《汉书》,主要作者是班固,但是班固的父亲班彪首先写了几十篇,然后班固接着写,班固没有写完,坐牢死了,他的妹妹班昭接着写。

所以,《汉书》实际上经过了班彪、班固、班昭之手才最后完成。

中国古代的家学很容易出现,这种例子太多了。

“唐宋八大家”里有父子三人的“三苏”,苏辙、苏轼、苏洵,诗书相传,一家三口都是大文豪;历史上最有名的书法家是王羲之和他的儿子王献之;曹操,还有他的儿子曹丕、曹植,历史上号称“三曹”,都是著名的文学家;和“三曹”同时代的著名女作家蔡文姬,其父蔡邕,也是大学者大作家。

很多家族家风是代代相传的,而且有教育子女的格言,叫家训。

所以从魏晋南北朝开始出现了很多家训的书,最有名的是颜之推的《颜氏家训》,一直到今天,《颜氏家训》仍然被誉为家教典范。

中国古代家学、家风的兴盛,直接带来的结果就是家业的代代相传。

祖父和父亲是史官,儿孙就继续做史官;祖父和父亲是搞天文历法的,儿孙就继续钻研天文历法;祖父和父亲是中医,儿孙往往也继承医学传统。

世界上有许多古老的民族,但是,唯独中华民族是一个具有悠久的家学传统的民族。

造成这个现象的原因有三个方面:第一,小农经济形成极其浓厚的家庭观念;第二,世代相传的儒家思想影响了我们的每一个家庭;第三,中华民族在长期的发展过程中,对读书的重视是世界上很多民族所不及的。

中国古代的家学有几个方面的内容,第一个是家长对孩子的启蒙教育。

钱学森在回想他的童年的时候说过,他四岁开始,每天都要站在家长面前背书。

这些大科学家的古文功底好得很,就是从小背出来的。

古代孩子从小背什么书?《论语》、《诗经》、《尚书》、《易经》、《左传》、《国语》、《周礼》、《礼记》等。

第二种家学是请个老师上门来教自己的孩子。

汤显祖的《牡丹亭》里,杜老爷请了一个私塾先生到家里来教他唯一的女儿杜丽娘。

但这种家学往往为官宦人家、富商所用,他们有钱请得起老师。

当然,在中国古代,最能请得起家教的人是皇帝。

所以我们往往看到的是,大多数王朝开国皇帝的文化水平都不高。

比如刘邦,他流传到今天的作品也只有《大风歌》和《鸿鹄歌》。

但是当了皇帝以后,刘邦对儿子的教育就不一样了,他请了一个很有名的先生,叫叔孙通,做太子太傅来教他的儿子。

魏晋南北朝时期,才出现比较强的家族观念,家族开始办学。

刘禹锡写过两句很有名的诗:旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家。

王,王导;谢,谢安。

他们的家族是两个最有实力的北方大家族,东晋时期,这两大家族扶持了一代王朝。

这些大家族重视家教,往往一个家族办一所学校,代替了地方政府办学的职能,不仅收本姓人,外姓人也可以来上学,这些家学在中国古代非常兴盛。

(选自《名人传记》2012年5期)1.下列对于家学的理解,不正确的一项是()A.中国古代的史官要靠父子相传才能懂得数学、天文、历法,而这些是史官必须具有的知识,所以在中国古代,家学传统最早出现在史官家庭。

B.《史记》和《汉书》的编写,都是家学传统的具体体现,《史记》是司马迁父子两代人完成的,《汉书》是班固及其父亲、妹妹共同完成的。

C.中国历史上的一家都是大文豪的比比皆是,如“三苏”“三曹”、王羲之父子、蔡邕父女等,说明中国古代的家学很容易形成。

D.中国古代家业能够代代相传,重要的原因就是中国古代家学的兴盛,如祖父和父亲是搞天文历法的,儿孙就继续钻研天文历法。

2.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是()A.家训是教育子女的格言,从魏晋南北朝开始就出现了很多家训的书,最有名的是一直到今天,仍然被誉为家教典范的《颜氏家训》。

B.家庭观念、儒家思想、对读书的重视等原因,使得中华民族成为一个在世界上独有的具有悠久的家学传统的民族。

C.家长对孩子的启蒙教育是中国古代的家学内容之一,像钱学森他们这些大科学家的古文功底很好,就是从小背出来的。

D.在中国古代,皇帝是最能请得起家教的人,所以我们往往看到的是,第一代开国皇帝的文化水平都不高,但是他们的子孙都有很高的文化水平。

3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是()A.很多家族的家风是代代相传的,表现最明显的是家学传统中的父子,甚至是祖孙几代都会从事一种职业或研究。

B.中国古代的家学表现在官宦、富商等有钱人家,他们或是由家长对孩子启蒙教育,或是请私塾先生到家里来教自己的孩子。

C.从魏晋南北朝开始,才出现比较强的家族观念,家族也才开始办学;此前,家族观念并不很强,也无家族办学的先例。

D.魏晋南北朝之后,有实力的大家族都重视家教,往往一个家族办一所学校,代替了地方政府办学的职能,使得家学更加兴盛。

二、古代诗文阅读(一)阅读下面的文字,完成4-7题。

(19分)陆玩字士瑶。

器量淹雅,弱冠有美名,贺循每称其清允平当,郡檄纲纪,东海王越辟为掾,皆不就。

元帝引为丞相参军。

时王导初至江左,思结人情,请婚于玩。

玩对曰:“培缕无松柏,薰莸不同器。

玩虽不才,义不能为乱伦之始。

”导乃止。

玩尝诣导食酪,因而得疾。

与导笺曰:“仆虽吴人,几为伧鬼。

”其轻易权贵如此。

累加奋武将军,征拜侍中,以疾辞。

王敦请为长史,逼以军期,不得已,乃从命。

敦平,尚书令郗鉴议敦佐吏不能匡正奸恶,宜皆免官禁锢。

会温峤上表申理,得不坐。

复拜侍中,迁吏部尚书,领会稽王师,让不拜。

转尚书左仆射,领本州大中正。

及苏峻反,遣玩与兄晔俱守宫城。

玩潜说匡术归顺,以功封兴平伯。

转尚书令。

寻而王导、郗鉴、庾亮相继而薨,朝野咸以为三良既没,国家殄瘁。

以玩有德望,迁侍中、司空,给羽林四十人。

玩既拜,有人诣之,索杯酒,泻置柱梁之间,咒曰:“当今乏材,以尔为柱石,莫倾人梁栋邪!”玩笑曰:“戢卿良箴。

”既而叹息,谓宾客曰:“以我为三公,是天下为无人。

”谈者以为知言。

玩虽登公辅,谦让不辟掾属。

成帝闻而劝之。

玩不得已而从命,所辟皆寒素有行之士。

玩翼亮累世,常以弘重为人主所贵,加性通雅,不以名位格物,诱纳后进,谦若布衣,由是缙绅之徒莫不隆其德宇。

后疾甚,上表曰:“臣年向中寿,穷极宠荣,终身归全,将复何恨!”惟愿陛下崇明圣德,弘敷洪化,曾构祖宗之基,道济群生之命。

臣不胜临命遗恋之情,贪及视息,上表以闻。

”薨年六十四,谥曰康,给兵千人,守冢七十家。

太元中,功臣普被减削,司空何充等止得六家,以玩有佐命之勋,先陪陵而葬,由是特置兴平伯官属以卫墓。

(《晋书·列传四十七》)注:纲纪:官职名,指州郡的主簿。

培缕(1u):小土丘。

薰莸:薰,香草,比喻善类;莸:臭草,比喻恶物。

伧鬼:南方人对北方人的轻蔑称呼。

翼亮:辅佐。

4.对文中划线句的断句,正确的一项是()(3分)A.玩翼亮累世常|以弘重为人主所贵|加性通雅|不以名位格物|诱纳后进|谦若布衣,由是缙绅之徒莫不隆其德宇。

B.玩翼亮累世|常以弘重为人主所贵|加性通雅|不以名位格物诱纳|后进谦若布衣|由是缙绅之徒莫不隆其德宇。

C.玩翼亮累世常|以弘重为人主所贵|加性通雅|不以名位格物诱纳|后进谦若布衣|由是缙绅之徒莫不隆其德宇。

D.玩翼亮累世|常以弘重为人主所贵|加性通雅|不以名位格物|诱纳后进|谦若布衣|由是缙绅之徒莫不隆其德宇。

5.下列对文中有关内容的解说,不正确的一项是()(3分)A.“弱冠”,古人的年龄有时不用数字表示,而是用一种与年龄有关的称谓来代替。

“弱冠”是男子二十岁。

古代男子二十岁行冠礼,表示已经成人,因为还没达到壮年,故称“弱冠”。

B.“江左”即江东。

古人以东为左,以西为右。

C.官职的任免调动常用以下词语,“拜、迁、转、领”等。

“拜”指用一定的礼仪授予某种官职或名位。

“迁”:调动官职,包括升级、降级、平级转调三种情况,这里是升职。

“转”:转任,转换所任职务。

“领”:统领。

D.丞相参军、奋武将军、侍中、吏部尚书等,都是官职名。

缙绅:原意是插笏(古代朝会时官宦所执的手板,有事就写在上面,以备遗忘)于带,旧时官宦的装束,转用为官宦的代称。

6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和理解,不正确的一项是()(3分)A.陆玩弱冠之年就颇有美名,且性情刚直,不慕权贵,曾因到王导家食酪而造成身体不适,就写信对其嘲讽。

B.王敦被平定后,郗鉴以王敦的属吏没有履行匡正奸恶的职责为名,将陆玩等全部属吏予以囚禁,后经温峤营救得以释放。

C.陆玩被提拔为侍中、司空后,曾有人前往拜访他,其间此人索酒倒在梁柱之间,以警示陆玩要珍惜朝廷任用,有所作为。

D.陆玩去世后,因其对朝廷有辅佐创业之功,死后备极哀荣,不仅能够陪葬先帝,而且朝廷还特地设置机构以保卫其墓地。

7.把文言文阅读材料中的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(10分)(1)寻而王导、郗鉴、庾亮相继而薨,朝野咸以为三良既没,国家殄瘁。

(5分)(2)后疾甚,上表曰:“臣年向中寿,穷极宠荣,终身归全,将复何恨!”(5分)(二)阅读下面这首宋词,完成后面小题。

(11分)南柯子·忆旧十里青山远,潮平路带沙。

数声啼鸟怨年华。

又是凄凉时候在天涯。

白露收残月,清风散晓霞。

绿杨堤畔问荷花:记得年时沽酒那人家?【注释】家:句末语气词,加强语气。

8.这首词的上阕在写景时用了哪些技巧?试结合诗句分析。

(5分)9.这首词抒发了作者哪些思想感情?请作简要分析。

(6分)(三)名句名篇默写(6分)10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)屈原《离骚》写诗人离楚出游途中“,”的两句诗,反映出诗人回过头纵目远望前路,下定往东南西北观光巡游的决心。

(2)苏轼在《赤壁赋》中,从事物变化的角度来看待天地存在的名句是“,”。

(3)白居易在《琵琶行》中感叹自己居住条件的名句是“,”。

三、文学类文本阅读(25分)11.阅读下面的文字,完成后面题。

围墙昨夜一场风雨,建筑设计所的围墙倒塌了。

这围墙要倒,在人们的意料之中:它至少百年了,几经倒塌,几经修补。

历次的修补都不彻底,三十多米长的围墙高低不平,弯腰凸肚,随时都有倒塌的可能,何况一场风雨!早晨,开碰头会。

“现在我们研究一下围墙的问题。

旧的不去新的不来……”吴所长用圆珠笔敲敲桌面:“原来的围墙和我们单位的性质不协调,新围墙一定要新颖别致,达到内容和形式的铳一。

”“古典派”黄达泉接茬儿了:“围墙不但有实用价值,而且富有装饰意味,它对形成建筑群落的风格有着非常重大的意义。

…现代派”朱舟把茶杯一放,“我们考虑问题要从实际出发,要造得高大牢固。

”两派之外的何如锦开口了:“最合理的办法就是把塌下来的再垒上去,这在围墙的历史上是有道可循的。

相关文档
最新文档