中考语法专题原因和让步状语从句(讲解+练习,无答案)

中考语法专题原因和让步状语从句（讲解+练习，无答案）
原因和让步状语从句
一、原因状语从句
用从句来表示主句行为或事件发生的原因，这个从句就是原因状语从句。

常用引导词：because, since, as, for
1、because表示人们不知道的直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句；
通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强；
除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面；
不能与so连用但是可以与so进行同义句转换。

I didn’t go aboard with her because I couldn’t afford it.我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。

2、as和since引导的原因状语从句多表示大家众所周知的理由，从句多位于主句之前，since译为“既然”。

如：
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman. 我不认识路，因而问警察。

Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane. 既然乘飞机旅行快得多，他们就决定坐飞机。

3、for表示的理由是附加的或推断的，并非此原因，通常与主句用逗号隔开，不位于句首，如：
He must be not at home, for the telephone isn’t answered.
练习
（一）用because, as, since, for填空
1. We’ll have to go to bed early ________ we’ll start off early tomorrow.
2. ________ you know all about it, tell me please.
3. ________ all the seats were taken, I had to stand.
4. He must be at work, ________ the light in his office is still on.
5. Lily didn’t go to school ________ she was ill.
二、让步状语从句
常用引导词：although, though “尽管虽然”
1、两者通常可互换，在口语中，though较为常见。

I can look after myself, although it won’t be easy for me. 我还是可以照顾自己的，虽然这对我来说并不容易。

Although Kevin is alone, he is very happy at first. 尽管凯文独自一人（在家），但他刚开始还是挺高兴的。

He went on fighting, though he was wounded. 尽管受了伤，他还是继续战斗。

2、although/though和but不能用在同一个句子中；如：
I do not often make dinner, but I can cook. 我不经常做饭，但是我会做。

Although I do not often make dinner, I can cook. 虽然我不经常做饭，但是我会做。

3、though可用作副词，放在句尾。

二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Jack 给你写邮件表达了想参加你校暑期为外国学生举办的汉语夏令营的愿望，希望你告知活动举办的具体时间地点，活动安排以及你的建议。

提示词语： Chinese classes, learn, attend, culture, prepare
提示问题：● When and where will the Chinese Summer Camp be held?
● What activities will be held at the Chinese Summer Camp?
● What is your advice for Jack?
Dear Jack,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in the Chinese Summer Camp in our
school this summer holiday .
.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I am very glad to know that you are interested in the Chinese Summer Camp in our school this summer holiday.
The Chinese Summer Camp will be held in our school from July 10th to July 30th this summer. The activities of this Chinese Summer Camp are as follows:
First, you will attend Chinese classes, learning the meaning of Chinese characters.
Second, you will take part in different parties, knowing the history of China and Chinese culture, especially Chinese holidays, which will impress you deeply.
What’s more, you will have chances to visit some museums and the Gre at Wall. What you should prepare is a pair of shoes for the visit.
If you have any questions, please tell me. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是一篇提纲类书面表达，只给了一些要点提示，但都不很明确。

学生除了要把所给要点提示都表达出来外，还要进行适当拓展，使文章内容充实。

2.例文点评：该题要求写作体裁为书信格式，所以例文用第一人称I进行写作，在文章结尾也按照标准书信格式进行了收尾。

文章时态用一般现在时和一般将来时。

文章条理分明，三个要点提示都已表达清楚，并进行了适当拓展，所给单词也都全部用上。

3.高分亮点：
短语：as follows，take part in，What’s more，look forward to。

句型：被动句型，现在分词作状语，主语从句。

3．马上要初中毕业了，大家都是依依不舍的。

班主任决定在下周举办一场“My Life At School” 主题班会 , 邀请全班同学参加。

请你根据以下提示，写一篇发言稿。

My Life At School
How time flies! It's unbelievable that I'm going to graduate from my beloved school.
【答案】My Life At School
How time flies! It’s unbelievable that I’m going to graduate from my beloved school. There are many things to remember.
In the junior school, I got along well with my classmates. The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months in Australia. I learned a lot from the experience. I also remember I served as volunteer to help others. Certainly, there were also unhappy things. My good friend Li Hua went to another school. I was very sad. Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing.
I hope I can go to a dream school and make more new friends. I also wish I can do better in all subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.
【解析】
【详解】
这篇作文要求我们以My Life At School为题，写一篇发言稿。

题目中利用表格的形式，展示
了文章的具体内容，学生们可以此为提纲进行写作。

审题可知，这篇短文应主要使用一般现在时和一般过去时，注意根据表达需要使用正确时态，并注意谓语动词的正确形式。

内容应主要包括三部分：首先是初中三年里的美好回忆；然后是不开心的事情；最后展望自己未来的高中生活。

表格中有非常具体的提示，但不能逐词翻译表格中的短语，应把他们变成自己的话，并用英语表达出来。

写作时应注意：文章中应包括表格中的所有信息，不能遗漏要点；第三部分的内容中还需要自己发挥想象力进行补充，注意应合情合理，与上文很好地衔接。

另外注意句式结构要符合英语的表达习惯，用完整的句子表达。

句式结构可以简单句为基础，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复杂句式的使用，提升作文档次。

同时语句之间使用适当的连接成分，使文意连贯、自然。

【点睛】
这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，回忆了自己的初中生活，并展望了未来。

短文有以下几个特点：首先文章内容完整，结构清晰。

短文分三段，第一段基本是题目中给出的开头，作者使用一句话引出下文；第二段是主体，介绍了过去美好的回忆以及不开心的事情；最后一段对未来进行了展望。

各部分内容安排合理，有层次、有条理。

其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确，注意了动词正确形式的变化。

句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。

语言准确、得体，表达自然、流畅。

短文中使用了丰富的句型和短语，如The teachers are very friendly and they are ready to help me. The most unforgettable thing is that I got a chance of becoming an exchange students and spent two months in Australia.Luckily, we kept in touch with each other through emails. Besides, I was not good at Chinese writing.I also wish I can do better in all subjects when I am in high school and can go to a good college.等。

4．假如你是李华, 正在美国格林中学做交换生｡为了让更多的人了解中华文化, 你打算向学校申请建立一个社团( Chinese Culture Club)｡请用英语给学校负责老师Mr. Lee 写一份申请, 内容包括建立该社团的原因及社团的主要活动安排｡
提示词语: spread, experience, Beijing Opera, chopsticks, speech
提示问题: • Why do you want to start the club?
• What activities will you have in the club?
【答案】Dear Mr. Lee,
I’m writing to apply for starting a Chinese Culture Club.
As we know, more and more people are interested in Chinese culture, so a Chinese Culture Club can be a good chance for our students to learn more. In this club, students will work together to
complete different projects. As a result, we can understand each other better and develop friendships.
We will have a variety of activities for students to experience Chinese culture, such as performing Beijing Opera, practising Chinese calligraphy, having paper-cutting competitions and so on. Moreover, we’ll hold some salons for students to share their life experiences in China and America. I believe everyone in the club will benefit a lot.
I hope this application will be approved. Thank you for your consideration.
Regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇材料作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下中华文化。

所提供的材料中列举了你打算向学校申请建立一个社团( Chinese Culture Club)。

主要从建立该社团的原因及社团的主要活动安排这几个方面去介绍。

时态为一般将来时，人称为第一人称。

注意作文中必须包含材料和提示词的所有信息，并适当发挥。

写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。

语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。

写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。

【高分句型一】
In this club, students will work together to complete different projects. 在这个俱乐部，学生们将共同完成不同的项目。

to complete different projects是动词不定式，做work together的目的。

【高分句型二】
I believe everyone in the club will benefit a lot. 我相信俱乐部里的每个人都会受益匪浅。

句子everyone in the club will benefit a lot.是宾语从句。

5．随着网络的发展、人们消费观念的转变，购物方式也在悄然的发生变化。

“网购”已成为一种时尚，越来越多的学生也加入到网购群体中。

请你根据以下表格的提示，写一篇网上购物的文章。

提示词汇：网购shopping online; 商品 goods; 导致 cause
注意：1.所表述的内容必须包含表格中的所有方面，可适当发挥；
2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称；
3.词数：100词左右，文章开头已给出，但不计入总数。

With the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping online.
【答案】With the development of the Internet, many people are used to shopping online. It has become fashionable. Some of us students also join the group.
Shopping online has many advantages. Just with the click of a mouse, you can buy what you’re interested in without going outdoors. You can avoid getting tired and being trapped in the crowds and save a lot of time. When shopping online, you can choose from more varieties of goods, whose prices are generally lower.
Every coin has two sides. Its disadvantages are obvious, too. On one hand, it’s very easy for you to buy goods that aren’t like the pictures you see on the Internet. On the other hand, shopping online may cause people to buy goods that are not badly needed. That’s a waste of money.
All in all, I love shopping online.
【解析】
本文属于材料作文，主要讲述网购的优点和缺点。

根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。

【亮点说明】这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别适用一些亮点词句，如convenient，disadvantage，in good quality，figure out，have the chance to do，be attacked by，of course，take care of
等。

增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。

点睛：写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。

审好题是写好书面表达的关键。

审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。

构思提纲。

有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。

通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。

初写短文。

一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。

使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。

同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。

修改润色。

修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。

这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

6．假如你是李华，下周你们学校将要组织学生开展“父亲节活动计划”分享活动，你打算先分享给你们班交换生Peter，希望听听他的看法。

请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他你的计划是什么，你为什么这么做，并表达你渴望得到他建议的心情。

提示词语： gift, love, opinion
提示问题：● What’s your plan for Father’s Day? ● Why do you do so? ● What do you want
Peter to do?
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
We will share the plan for Father’s Day next
week.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
We will share the plan f or Father’s Day next week. I am going to do some meaningful things for my father. Firstly, I am going to buy a beautiful card for him. And then, I plan to cook him a big meal. Though I am not good at cooking, I can ask my mother for help.
I will do this because I love my father deeply. He works very hard every day to support my family. Would you please give me some advice? I am eager to receive your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】
题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，但写作时要按邮件格式写。

在写作时应承接短文开头；第二段写你为什么这么做；第三段表达你渴望得到他建议的心情。

例文点评：例文采用的是三段式；用第一人称来叙述父亲节计划；时态采用的是一般现在时为主，描述具体建议时，描写细致，条理清晰。

高分亮点：
短语：the plan for Father’s Day；some meaningful things；buy a beautiful card for him；give me some advice。

句型：Though I am not good at cooking, I can ask my mother for help；I am eager to receive your early reply。

7．毕业之际，学校要求每位九年级学生给各自家长写封信，简要汇报三年来初中生活的收
获与存在的问题。

假如你是Jim,请根据下表的提示，用英文做一个简短的汇报。

要求：
（1）：表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）：必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
（3）：不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。

（4）：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）
Dear Dad ＆ Mum ,
I’ll leave junior school soon and meet a new challenge of my life. Now I would like to tell you what I have done in the past three years
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Jim
【答案】例文Dear Dad ＆ Mum ,
I’ll leave junior school soon and meet a new challenge of my life. Now I would like to tell you what I have done in the past three years.
I have learnt a lot of knowledge from the books and I have improved my study skills. I have learnt about a lot of famous people all over the world. Tan dun is a great musician. He said his music is to dream without boundaries. I can also get along with my teachers and help each other too. At home I can do some housework so that you can have more time to rest. When I meet difficulty, I can talk to my friends about it.
However, I feel stressed in my study. I have a lot of homework to do everyday .As a result, I have no time for my hobbies.
I would thank you for taking good care of me and thank my teachers and friends for their help. I will plan my time well to study better and sleep well.
Yours sincerely
Jim
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇书信作文。

在毕业之际，学校要求每位九年级学生给各自家长写封信，简要汇报三年来初中生活的收获与存在的问题。

假如你是Jim，要求根据表格的提示内容，用英文做一个简短的汇报。

首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。

在写作过程中，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的
表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

8．书面表达
近日，你校迎来一批来自英国的交流生，学校组织学生向他们介绍中国的传统文化。

请你根据表格信息写一篇题为"Chinese Tea"的英语短文，向英国交流生介绍中国的茶文化。

注意:1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥。

2.词数90左右。

开头已给出，不计入总词数。

3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。

Chinese Tea
Tea is an important part of Chinese culture.
【答案】Tea is an important part of Chinese culture. It has a long history and it is famous all over the world. There’re many kinds of tea in China. Each of them has its own characteristics.
Most Chinese like drinking tea.People often treat friends with tea.They often buy tea for their friends and relatives as a gift.Drinking tea is good for people’s health.A cup of tea can make relaxed and energetic.
Tea not only helps foreigners know about China but also builds a bridge between the East and the West.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇话题作文，题目是Chinese Tea。

本文人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般现在时。

认为阅读材料，认真审题，确定主题，表格信息提示就是本文的提纲要点，根据要点适当发挥，列出提纲。

短文必须包含提示内容，条理清楚，字数90词左右。

要运用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有连贯性。

写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。

本文提纲：
茶是中国文化的重要组成部分。

它历史悠久，享誉世界。

中国有很多种茶。

它们中的每一个都有自己的特点。

大多数中国人喜欢喝茶。

人们经常用茶来招待朋友。

他们经常给朋友和亲戚买茶作为礼物。

喝茶有益于人们的健康。

一杯茶可以使人放松和精力充沛。

茶不仅有助于外国人了解中国，而且能在东西方之间架起一座桥梁。

【点睛】
书面表达要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。

考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。

语言要规范，时态运用要正确，叙述清楚条里，学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。

注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。

注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。

写作六步法：1.审题：文体，时态，人称。

2.抓住要点：要点是否齐全，适当补充。

3.扩充句子：通过增加状语，定语，连词，使句子意思饱满充实。

4.连句成文，合理使用连词。

5.改正错误：拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正确，连词是否恰当等。

6.誊写作文：注意书写工整美观整洁。

9． Have you got anything that is branded on your memory, making you feel happy, satisfied, proud or just feel sad, terrible, and regretful? Maybe you did it, experienced it, read it, saw it or only heard of it.
Please write a composition with the title “The ________ thing that I have ever ________” to share your story. The following information should be included:
1. How did you get the story?
2. When and where did it happen?
3. What happened exactly?
4. Why is it branded on your memory? Please list at least two reasons.
【答案】请参考范文：
The happy thing that I have ever experienced
This is a story of my own experience, from this thing, I really felt my father's love for me, warm and deep love.
I was born in a poor family,My parents live a simple life.When I was 8 years old, I was in Grade 3 of primary school. I liked watching others play the piano. In fact, I liked the beautiful picture of playing the piano.
Suddenly one day, my father took me to a nice ter, I learned that it was a piano training center, learning piano was very expensive, but my father helped me find a piano teacher.So I learned the piano from my teacher there.
Three months later, I played the piano to my father, but I did not play well. The teacher told my father that maybe I had no gift for it.He advised my father to give up.But my father said that if I would like to play the piano, he didn't give up. I was moved by my father's encourgement.
【解析】
【详解】
本文是关于自己经历或看到的故事为话题的材料作文，要求根据内容要点来写作。

学生首先要认真阅读材料中给出的短语及相关信息,认真审题,确定文章的中心。

在写作的文章具有一定的连贯性,还应注意使用一些连接词,使文章的表达更有逻辑性和条理性。

写作时还要注意:1.书写规范；2.可适当加入细节,使内容充实,行文连贯；3.写完后要认真检查是否有漏写
要点,有无拼写错误等。

高分句型：This is a story of my own experience, from this thing, I really felt my father's love for me, warm and deep love.这是一个关于我自己经历的故事，从这件事上，我真的感受到了爸爸对我的爱，温暖而深沉的爱。

Suddenly one day, my father said to take me to a nice place.突然有一天，爸爸说带我去一个好地方。

But my father said as long as I am happy on the line, it doesn't matter.但是我爸爸说只要我高兴就行，没关系。

【点睛】
注意写作过程中，将要点展开并表达清楚，注意使用英语的经典句型,避免出现汉语表达。