2020版新高考英语二轮复习 浙京津鲁琼版(课件+讲义)专题二 阅读理解第二节三

二、解题技巧 1.文体特点推意图 (1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性语言，且往往有一定的 哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开的。 (2)应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的 语言。 (3)说明文：推断作者的写作目的在于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。 (4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后 一部分中。
专题二 阅读理解
第二节 推理判断题
三、写作意图题
真题感悟 名师点津
随堂限时练
PART 1
真题感悟
(2019·天津，D) Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his
adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
√D.Lose the interest to continue learning.
解析 词义猜测题。根据语境并结合画线短语所在句可知，人们在还没到达人 生的终点之前就失去了继续学习的兴趣。故选D项。
53.What could be inferred from Paragraph 4? A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped. B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
54.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5? A.A tough man can tolerate suffering. B.A wise man can live without self-pity. C.A man should try to satisfy people around him.
C.misery inspires a man to fight against his fate D.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success
解析 推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，塞万提斯成年后生活坎坷，但 他决心写一本书，结果这本书畅销了350多年，有些人直到生命的最后时刻都 在发现新的活力和创意。由此可推知，作者以塞万提斯的故事开头是为了告 诉我们年龄不是实现目标的障碍。
解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文通过塞万提斯的经历告诉我们要让自 己成年的生活充满意义。
PART 2
名师点津
一、题型解读 各种话题的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的/意图题。设问形式常有： 1.整篇文章的写作目的/意图： (1)The writer writes this passage in order to . (2)The purpose of the text is to . (3)What is the main purpose of the passage? (4)The writer of the story wants/intends to tell us that . 2.某处细节的写作目的/意图： (1)The writer uses...in the first paragraph to . (2)The writer uses the example of...to . (3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to .
PART 3
随堂限时练
A (2019·宁夏银川质检)
Endless queues and long waits at the ticket inspection desks at China’s major train stations were 1signature of the Spring Festival travel rush before this year.Every year，as the country’s biggest national holiday 2unfolded，a huge flow of travelers would leave staff at the check-in desks facing a 3dilemma.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes ， and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question：why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before?
With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我)，whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work， or to some moral concept.
55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
√A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work. C.To state the importance of generating motivation for learning. D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
52.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.End one’s struggle for liberty. B.Waste one’s energy taking risks. C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.
Many of us equate(视……等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck，or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson. 语篇解读 本文从西班牙文学巨匠塞万提斯讲起，告诉我们不论身处哪个年龄 阶段，只要有目标，并且愿意学习，就可能取得成功。
We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark.I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can’t all get there.I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing yese with a curious mind.
D.Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
解析 推理判断题。通读第四段可知，该段是说我们中大多数人总是减少自己 生活的多样性，困在自己的专业领域，没有什么能给我们带来惊喜，但是只 要我们愿意学，到处都是机会。据此可推知，机会青睐有求知欲的人。
√D.A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
解析 推理判断题。通读第五段可知，该段说到我们成熟之后学会忍受自己改 变不了的事，学会避免自我哀怜；知道有些人是我们无论怎么做都讨好不了 的，而这种想法最初会困扰我们，但最终我们会感到释然。由此可知，作者 在第五段想告诉我们应该学会用合适的方式对待生活，因此选D。
2.看写作手法找答案 (1)在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物时，答案中往往会含有to bring in/to introduce the topic等字眼。 (2)举例或引用某人的话时答案中往往会含有to support/to show...。 例如：[真题感悟]中的第55题，文章为议论文，讲述了要想成功，就要不断学 习，这样生活才有意义。故作者写作本文是为了指导我们过上有意义的成年人 生活，故选A。
51.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that . A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativity
√B.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal
Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But，if we are willing to learn，the opportunities are everywhere.