2019-2020学年上海市位育高级中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海市位育高级中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案
解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
On Friday morning when 53-year-old Thong Pham broke into the house through the unlocked back door, he took a steak knife from the kitchen.
It was dark, and the family didn't know what Marley was barking (吠) at. Taylor, Amber and their girls Finley, 6,and Sadie, 4, soon woke up and came downstairs, too. “Well, it was dark so we couldn't see anything, only could hear Marley,” Amber recalled, saying her husband then went for the lights. “And once he turned the hall light on, we realized that the guy was holed up in the corner trying to hide.”
“So I think he got to the front door and realized he couldn't get out, and by that point in time, Marley's got him cornered,”Taylorsaid. Pham slashed (砍) both Marley and Taylor, and blood went everywhere. Taylor shared a video summary to his Facebook page, where he said Marley was stabbed (刺) up to six times, mostly around the head and neck area. “And as I pulled back, blood shot out of my arm,”Taylorcontinued. “She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in the face.”
“But it was really hard because I was trying to make sure that my husband wasn't going to die,” Amber explained, adding that she was trying to protect their two girls. “When he realized that the two girls were in the house, that's when he kind of backed up and started running. "
Taylorexpressed gratitude to everyone for their thoughts and prayers. And the family is thankful for their dog Marley.
“She's our hero,” Amber said. “If it hadn't been for her, that guy could have gone in the...he could have gone to their rooms or something.”Tayloradded, “Yeah, I mean, the story plays out very differently if Marley's not there.”
1. Why did the family come downstairs before daybreak?
A. To stop a break-in.
B. To lock the back door.
C. To check on Marley.
D. To turn the hall light on.
2. What happened during the fight?
A. Pham dug a hole in the corner.
B. Marley was injured but bit back.
C. Taylor had a backup from neighbors.
D. Amber fought back to protect her girls.
3. What doesTaylormainly express on his Facebook?
A. Forgiveness.
B. Concern.
C. Anger.
D. Appreciation.
B
Preventing heart disease is a topic I think about all the time, given my family history of heart disease. So last summer, I travelled toBolivia.The natives, called the Tsimane, were reported to have the healthiest hearts in the world. I wanted to learn what they could teach me about preventing heart disease.
Getting to the Tsimane wasn't easy. They lived in small family groups of about 60 people along river banks. We finally found one of the villages at sunset. That night, we set up our tents in the middle of the village. Thatched huts surrounded us, with no electricity or modem conveniences.
At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.
During my stay there, I went hunting and fishing with the men and played soccer with the kids. I found the Tsimane were standing or walking nearly all of their waking hours. Men spent lots of time tracking animals. Fanning and gathering, mostly done by children and women, were all-day affairs.
I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morning, another day began.
The lifespan of the Tsimane is actually much shorter than those living in theUS. Various factors, like animal attacks and infections, bring down the lifespan. But up until the day they die, they are often very healthy. While heart disease kills thousands of Americans every year and costs nearly a billion dollars a day, the Tsimane remind us that wealth doesn't necessarily buy health.
4. Why does the author pay so much attention to preventing heart disease?
A. He dreams of becoming a doctor.
B. He wants to teach others about the topic.
C. His family members encourage him to do so.
D. He was born with a high risk of heart disease.
5. Which factors did the author mainly focus on in his research?
A. Housing, food and cooperation.
B. Diet, activity and rest.
C. Physical work, social life and lifespan.
D. Group size, family history and consumption
6. What was the Tsimane 's sleep-wake cycle mainly based on?
A. Natural sound.
B. Routine activity.
C. Animal behaviour.
D. Natural light.
7. What might the author advise us to do after his travels inBolivia?
A. Take in less sugar and salt.
B. Stand less and walk more.
C. Eat white meat instead of red meat.
D. Live in the middle of the community.
C
Pigeons inLondonhave a bad reputation. Some people call them flying rats. And many blame them for causing pollution with their droppings. But now the birds are being used to fight another kind of pollution in this city of 8.5 million.
“The problem for air pollution is that it’s been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” says Andrea Lee, who works for the London-based environmental organization Client Earth. “People don’t realize how bad it is, and how it actually affects their health.”London’s poor air quality is linked to nearly 10,000 early deaths a year. Lee says, citing(引用)a report released by the city manager last year. If people were better informed about the pollution they’ re breathing, she says, they could pressure the government to do something about it.
Nearby, on a windy hill inLondon’s Regent’s Park, an experiment is underway that could help—the first week of flights by the Pigeon Air Patrol. It all began when Pierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter. Duquesnoy, fromFrance, chose the problem of air pollution.
“Basically, I realized how important the problem was,” he says. “But also I realized that most of the people around me didn’t know anything about it.” Duquesnoy says he wants to better measure pollution, while at the same time making the results accessible to the public through Twitter.
“So”, he wondered, “how could we go across the city quickly collecting as much data as possible?” Drones were his first thought. But it’s illegal to fly them overLondon. “But pigeons can fly aboveLondon, right?” he says. “They live—actually, they are Londoners as well. So, yeah, I thought about using pigeons equipped with mobile apps. And we can use not just street pigeons, but racing pigeons, because they fly pretty quickly and pretty low.”
So it might be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may just be helping to improve the quality of the city’s air.
8. What can we infer aboutLondon’s air quality from Paragraph 2?
A. Londoners are very satisfied with it.
B. The government is trying to improve it.
C Londoners should pay more attention to it.
D. The government has done a lot to improve it.
9. Duquesnoy attended the London Design Festival to _________.
A. entertain Londoners.
B. solve a world problem.
C. design a product for sale.
D. protect animals like pigeons.
10. Why did Duquesnoy give up using drones to fly acrossLondon?
A. Because they are too expensive.
B. Because they fly too quickly.
C. Because they are forbidden.
D. Because they fly too high.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Clean air inLondon.
B. London’s dirty secret.
C. London’s new pollution fighter.
D. Causes of air pollution inLondon.
D
Smart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.
Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.
In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.
For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.
Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks
up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.
Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes to sleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.
“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”
12. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?
A. How the smart speaker works.
B. Why the smart speaker is useful.
C. The advantages of smart speakers.
D. The importance of the study.
13. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?
A. ECGs are not highly accurate.
B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.
C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.
D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.
14. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?
A. They are comfortable to wear.
B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.
C. They are effective and cheap.
D. They are able to monitor remotely.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. We need to invent more smart devices.
B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.
C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.
D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love andhate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
____16____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful._____17_____It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.”
____18____“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.______19______”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._____20_____I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.”
A.So why do we dance?
B.Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D.My older students say it makes them feel young.
E.I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing outside my comfort___21___was not something I was raised to do.
In fact, I wouldn’t have become a(n)___22___if it weren’t for my husband Charles He had been a___23___competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn’t stop talking about how much he___24___it.
So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the___25___. Just a few weeks later, Charles signed us both up for a five-kilometer race. I___26___about doing it. It was too soon.
But on race day, there I was.
The gun went off Thousands of runners___27___.
The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing___28___and painfully aware of the group of runners___29___past me.
After another minute I saw the three-kilometer___30___.All I could think of was that I was___31___.
I rounded a comer, and saw both sides of the street___32___with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I___33___my legs to keep going.
Then I looked up and sawthe clock. The___34___ticking away gave me an incentive(助力). I knew that if I had___35___finished this race I would have achieved something So, I___36___up, and kicked it.
I had my arms___37___higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n)___38___around my neck.
“You did great! I’m so proud of you!” Charles was thrilled that I’d___39___.
“That was amazing! I want to do another race.” I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both___40___.
21. A. block B. line C. emotion D. zone
22. A. wife B. coach C. expert D. runner
23. A. serious B. common C. casual D. sharp
24. A. hated B. missed C. admired D. trained
25. A. race B. department C. track D. ceremony
26. A. hesitated B. puzzled C. cared D. brought
27. A. slipped away B. backed off C. pushed forward D. came over
28. A. mildly B. shallowly C. gently D. heavily
29. A. running B. bending C. reaching D. pacing
30. A. symbol B. mark C. pattern D. campaign
31. A. hopeful B. speechless C. dying D. moving
32. A. stuck B. crowded C. provided D. directed
33. A. sunk B. bent C. shook D. willed
34. A. seconds B. titles C. criteria D. competitors
35. A. also B. actually C. just D. unfortunately
36. A. dressed B. came C. stayed D. straightened
37. A. kept B. crossed C. held D. tied
38. A. rope B. medal C. necklace D. award
39. A. got it B. meant it C. made it D. defeated it
40. A. trembled B. expanded C. ached D. erupted
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The first UN Chinese Language Day at the United Nations____41.____(observe) on Friday at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010. As the word's most widely spoken language, it seems appropriate that Mandarin (普通话) has one day annually dedicated to it This ____42.____(official) marked day of Mandarin language celebration was set by the United Nations as a way of celebrating the language's history and____43.____(contribution) to the world. It is hoped that having one day annually to celebrate Mandarin will encourage more people around the world ____44.____(take) it up. With China likely to become the largest economy in the world, it is important that the wider world becomes more interested____45.____this wonderful language. Every year UN Chinese Language Day____46.____(fall) on April 20. A great way to get____47.____(involve) in the celebration is to join a Mandarin class. Attending one of the many Confucius Institutes____48.____are set up by China in countries around the world is another good____49.____(choose). The number of people learning Chinese is on_____50._____increase in China's neighboring countries, such as Korea, Japan and Vietnam.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

On New Year’s Day, I went to a stamp exhibition, what proved to be an unique experience.
At 9:30, I arrived at the exhibition with my precious stamp album, eager and excited. To my delighted, there gathered crowds of stamp lover. Immediately, I joined in them and studied the stamps one by one. I was attracted by the artists’ delicate designs and wanted to learn more. Then some of us got together in small groups to share our collections, chat cheerfully about the stamps. We even told stories behind it like old friends. Time past quickly and it was time to say goodbye to the friends.
I had a great time. Not only I appreciate beautiful stamps but also I made new friends with the same interest.
This was really a specially celebration for the New Year.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

One evening last fall, while Marcos Brown was doing his homework and his father, Johnson, a teacher, was preparing his lesson plans, they heard yelling outside. Johnson, 47, and Marcos, 15, opened the door, and saw chaos (混乱) four doors down, outside the home of one of their neighbors, the Ma family. “I didn't think anything was wrong,” Johnson recalls. “I told Marcos we should give them some privacy.” He headed back inside, but Marcos's eye was caught by a glow of fire from the Mas' house.
“Dad, the house is on fire!” Marcos cried. Only in shorts, the teen rushed toward the Mas' home with his dad. Grandmother Liz, mother Susan, and son Nathan were gathered on the front lawn yelling for help. When the Browns got there, they saw through the open front door that father Alex Ma was stumbling (跌跌撞撞) down the stairs, coughing, his face black with soot (煤灰).
“Is anyone else in the house?” Johnson asked.
“My son!” Alex managed to say, pointing to the second floor.
Johnson started up the stairs, but thick, black smoke, swirling ash, and intense heat forced him to his knees. He climbed upstairs and down the hall where Alex said he'd find Cody, eight, who had locked himself in a bedroom. “P'd never seen smoke like that,” says Johnson. “My glasses immediately turned black from the ash.”
As the fire spread across the hall, Johnson banged on the bedroom door and tried to turn the doorknob (球形门把手). But Cody didn't respond, and Johnson made his way back downstairs. At the same time, Marcos saw Liz and Susan pulling a ladder (梯子) out of the garage. “Cody was standing at the window, screaming for help,” says Marcos.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为100左右；
2.应使用4个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Marcos knew he had to do something.
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. C 9. B 10. C 11. C
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
16. B 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E
21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32.
B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37.
C 38. B 39. C 40. B
41. was observed
42. officially
43. contributions
44. to take
45. in 46. falls
47. involved
48. that##which
49. choice 50. the
51.(1).what → which；(2).an → a；(3).delighted → delight；(4).lover → lovers；(5).去掉in；(6).chat → chatting；
(7).it → them；(8).past → passed；(9).I前加上did；(10). specially → special。

52.略。