英语语言学概论第一章习题

英语语⾔学概论第⼀章习题
2017级英语语⾔学概论第⼀章习题
请认真填写学号和姓名。

每次答题仅第⼀次提交有效。

个⼈信息：[矩阵⽂本题] *
I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.
1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. [判断题] *
对(正确答案)
错
2.Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general. [判断题] *
对
错(正确答案)
3. General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole. [判断题] *
对(正确答案)
错
4. General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study. [判断题] *
对(正确答案)
错
5. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. [判断题] *
对
错(正确答案)
6. Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar. [判断题] *
对(正确答案)
错
7. A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. [判断题] *
对
错(正确答案)
8. Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the oral language. [判断题] *
对
错(正确答案)
9. The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure. [判断题] *
对
错(正确答案)
10. Langue refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write. [判断题]
*
对(正确答案)
错
II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the first letter given.
11. Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user's k________ of the rules of his language. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：knowledge)
13.D________ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：Duality)
/doc/845965472.html
ngue refers to the a_______ linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：abstract)
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nguage is a system of a______ vocal symbols used for human communication. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：arbitrary)
15. The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s________. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：syntax)
16. Human capacity for language has a g________ basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：genetic)
17. P________ refers to the realization of langue in actual use. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：parole)
18. Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a________ linguistics. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：applied)
/doc/845965472.html
nguage is p________ in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：productive)
20. Linguistics is generally defined as the s__________ study of language. [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：scientific)
III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement.
21. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be （）. [单选题] *
A. prescriptive
B. analytic
C. descriptive(正确答案)
D. linguistic
22.Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? （） [单选题] *
A. Arbitrariness
B. Displacement
C. Duality
D. Meaningfulness(正确答案)
23. Modern linguistics regards the written language as （）. [单选题] *
A. primary
B. correct
C. secondary(正确答案)
D. stable
24. In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because （）. [单选题] *
A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.
C. speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue
D. All of the above(正确答案)
25. A historical study of language is a （） study of language. [单选题] *
A. synchronic
B. diachronic(正确答案)
C. prescriptive
D. comparative
26.Saussure took a (n) （） view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ( ) point of view. [单选题] *
A. sociological…psychological(正确答案)
B. psychological…sociological
C. applied… pragmatic
D. semantic and linguistic
27. According to F. de Saussure, （） refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. [单选题] *
A. parole
B. performance
C. langue(正确答案)
D. Language
28. Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between （）and meanings. [单选题] *
A. sense
B. sounds(正确答案)
C. objects
D. ideas
29. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is
called（）. [单选题] *
A. displacement(正确答案)
B. duality
C. flexibility
D. cultural transmission
30. The details of any language system is passed on from one generation to the next through （）, rather than by instinct. [单选题] *
A. learning
B. teaching
C. books
D. both A and B(正确答案)
IV. Define the following terms.
31. Language [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.)
32. Arbitrariness [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：It is one of the design features of language. It means that there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds.) 33. Displacement [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：Displacement means that language can be used to refer to things which are present or not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in far-away places. In other words, language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.)
34. Competence [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：Chomsky defines competence as the ideal user's knowledge of the rules of his language.)
35.Parole [填空题] *
_________________________________(答案：Parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use; parole is the concrete use of the conventions and the application of the rules; parole varies from person to person, and from situation to situation.)。