消费品安全改进法案简要

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美国消费品安全改进法案

美国消费品安全改进法案美国消费品安全改进法案是一项旨在保护消费者免受不安全产品伤害的重要立法措施。

该法案的主要目标是确保消费者在使用各类消费品时的安全性，并提供有效的监管机制来管理和处置不合格产品。

该法案包括以下几个关键内容：1. 产品标准要求：根据不同类别的消费品，制定相应的产品标准。

这些标准涵盖了从电器、儿童玩具到食品和药品等各个领域。

标准除了包括产品的基本功能和质量要求外，还强调了安全性的重要性。

同时，对于容易造成危险的产品，还会特别制定更为严格的标准。

2. 检测和评估机制：为确保产品符合相关标准，消费品安全改进法案建立了一个健全的检测和评估机制。

这包括建立实验室用于测试产品的性能和安全性，并定期进行检查和评估。

对于未通过检测的产品，相关企业将被要求进行改进或下架，以避免给消费者造成损害。

3. 举报和追责制度：该法案还设立了消费者举报和追责制度。

消费者可以通过举报系统向相关机构举报不合格产品或商家的不良行为。

同时，对于存在违规行为的企业，相关机构将采取制裁措施，包括罚款、产品召回以及企业信用的限制等。

这将有效地保护消费者的权益，促进市场的公平竞争。

4. 教育和宣传活动：为提升公众对于消费品安全的认知，该法案还鼓励进行相关的教育和宣传活动。

这包括在学校、社区和媒体等渠道传播安全使用消费品的知识和技巧，以提高消费者自我保护能力。

消费品安全改进法案的实施对于美国的消费者来说具有重要意义。

它能够确保市场上的消费品质量和安全，防止不符合标准的产品流入市场。

通过加强监管和追责，该法案有助于减少消费者因使用不安全产品而遭受的伤害，并维护了公众的利益和信心。

同时，该法案也促进了企业之间的竞争，推动了整个市场的健康发展。

总的来说，消费品安全改进法案在提升消费者福祉和保护他们的权益方面起到了非常重要的作用。

消费品安全改进法案（Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act，CPSIA）是美国国会于2008年通过并于同年12月法案的一项综合性消费品安全立法。

CPSIA美国消费品安全改进法案

PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 2008122 STAT. 3016 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008Public Law 110–314110th CongressAn ActTo establish consumer product safety standards and other safety requirements for children’s products and to reauthorize and modernize the Consumer ProductSafety Commission.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) S HORT T ITLE .—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008’’. (b) T ABLE OF C ONTENTS .—The table of contents for this Act is as follows:Sec. 1.Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2.References. Sec. 3.Authority to issue implementing regulations.TITLE I—CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY Sec.101.Children’s products containing lead; lead paint rule. Sec.102.Mandatory third party testing for certain children’s products. Sec.103.Tracking labels for children’s products. Sec.104.Standards and consumer registration of durable nursery products. beling requirement for advertising toys and games. Sec.106.Mandatory toy safety standards. Sec.107.Study of preventable injuries and deaths in minority children related to consumer products. Sec.108.Prohibition on sale of certain products containing specified phthalates.TITLE II—CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION REFORM Subtitle A—Administrative ImprovementsSec.201.Reauthorization of the Commission. Sec.202.Full Commission requirement; interim quorum; personnel. Sec.203.Submission of copy of certain documents to Congress. Sec.204.Expedited rulemaking. Sec.205.Inspector general audits and reports. Sec.206.Industry-sponsored travel ban. Sec.207.Sharing of information with Federal, State, local, and foreign government agencies. Sec.208.Employee training exchanges. Sec.209.Annual reporting requirement.Subtitle B—Enhanced Enforcement AuthoritySec.211.Public disclosure of information. Sec.212.Establishment of a public consumer product safety database. Sec.213.Prohibition on stockpiling under other Commission-enforced statutes. Sec.214.Enhanced recall authority and corrective action plans. Sec.215.Inspection of firewalled conformity assessment bodies; identification of supply chain. Sec.216.Prohibited acts. Sec.217.Penalties. Sec.218.Enforcement by State attorneys general. Sec.219.Whistleblower protections. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008. Commerce and trade. 15 USC 2051 note. Aug. 14, 2008[H.R. 4040]122 STAT. 3017 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008Subtitle C—Specific Import-Export ProvisionsSec.221.Export of recalled and non-conforming products.Sec.222.Import safety management and interagency cooperation.Sec.223.Substantial product hazard list and destruction of noncompliant importedproducts.Sec.224.Financial responsibility.Sec.225.Study and report on effectiveness of authorities relating to safety of im-ported consumer products.Subtitle D—Miscellaneous Provisions and Conforming AmendmentsSec.231.Preemption.Sec.232.All-terrain vehicle standard.Sec.233.Cost-benefit analysis under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970.Sec.234.Study on use of formaldehyde in manufacturing of textile and apparel ar-ticles.Sec.235.Technical and conforming changes.Sec.236.Expedited judicial review.Sec.237.Repeal.Sec.238.Pool and Spa Safety Act technical amendments.Sec.239.Effective dates and Severability.SEC. 2. REFERENCES.(a) D EFINED T ERMS.—As used in this Act—(1) the term ‘‘appropriate Congressional committees’’ meansthe Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Rep-resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, andTransportation of the Senate; and(2) the term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Consumer ProductSafety Commission.(b) C ONSUMER P RODUCT S AFETY A CT.—Except as otherwiseexpressly provided, whenever in this Act an amendment isexpressed as an amendment to a section or other provision, thereference shall be considered to be made to a section or otherprovision of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051et seq.).SEC. 3. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE IMPLEMENTING REGULATIONS.The Commission may issue regulations, as necessary, to imple-ment this Act and the amendments made by this Act.TITLE I—CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETYSEC. 101. CHILDREN’S P RODUCTS CONTAINING LEAD; LEAD P AINTRULE.(a) G ENERAL L EAD B AN.—(1) T REATMENT AS A BANNED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE.—Except as expressly provided in subsection (b) beginning onthe dates provided in paragraph (2), any children’s product(as defined in section 3(a)(16) of the Consumer Product SafetyAct (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(16))) that contains more lead than thelimit established by paragraph (2) shall be treated as a bannedhazardous substance under the Federal Hazardous SubstancesAct (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.).(2) L EAD LIMIT.—(A) 600 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E), beginning 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the lead limit referred to in paragraph (1) is 600 parts per million total lead content by weight for any part of the product.(B) 300 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided by subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E), beginning on the date Effective dates.15 USC 1278a.15 USC 2051 note.15 USC 2051 note.122 STAT. 3018 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act,the lead limit referred to in paragraph (1) is 300 partsper million total lead content by weight for any part ofthe product.(C) 100 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided in Applicability.subparagraphs (D) and (E), beginning on the date thatis 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, subpara-graph (B) shall be applied by substituting ‘‘100 parts permillion’’ for ‘‘300 parts per million’’ unless the Commissiondetermines that a limit of 100 parts per million is nottechnologically feasible for a product or product category.The Commission may make such a determination onlyafter notice and a hearing and after analyzing the publichealth protections associated with substantially reducinglead in children’s products.(D) A LTERNATE REDUCTION OF LIMIT.—If the Commis-sion determines under subparagraph (C) that the 100 partsper million limit is not technologically feasible for a productor product category, the Commission shall, by regulation,establish an amount that is the lowest amount of lead,lower than 300 parts per million, the Commission deter-mines to be technologically feasible to achieve for thatproduct or product category. The amount of lead establishedby the Commission under the preceding sentence shallbe substituted for the 300 parts per million limit undersubparagraph (B) beginning on the date that is 3 yearsafter the date of enactment of this Act.(E) P ERIODIC REVIEW AND FURTHER REDUCTIONS.—TheCommission shall, based on the best available scientificand technical information, periodically review and revisedownward the limit set forth in this subsection, no lessfrequently than every 5 years after promulgation of thelimit under subparagraph (C) or (D) to require the lowestamount of lead that the Commission determines is techno-logically feasible to achieve. The amount of lead establishedby the Commission under the preceding sentence shallbe substituted for the lead limit in effect immediately beforesuch revision.(b) E XCLUSION OF C ERTAIN M ATERIALS OR P RODUCTS ANDI NACCESSIBLE C OMPONENT P ARTS.—(1) C ERTAIN PRODUCTS OR MATERIALS.—The Commissionmay, by regulation, exclude a specific product or material fromthe prohibition in subsection (a) if the Commission, after noticeand a hearing, determines on the basis of the best-available,objective, peer-reviewed, scientific evidence that lead in suchproduct or material will neither—(A) result in the absorption of any lead into the humanbody, taking into account normal and reasonably foresee-able use and abuse of such product by a child, includingswallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other children’s activi-ties, and the aging of the product; nor(B) have any other adverse impact on public healthor safety.(2) E XCEPTION FOR INACCESSIBLE COMPONENT PARTS.—(A) I N GENERAL.—The limits established under sub-section (a) shall not apply to any component part of achildren’s product that is not accessible to a child through122 STAT. 3019 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of suchproduct, as determined by the Commission. A componentpart is not accessible under this subparagraph if suchcomponent part is not physically exposed by reason ofa sealed covering or casing and does not become physicallyexposed through reasonably foreseeable use and abuse ofthe product. Reasonably foreseeable use and abuse shallinclude to, swallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other chil-dren’s activities, and the aging of the product.(B) I NACCESSIBILITY PROCEEDING.—Within 1 year afterthe date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shallpromulgate a rule providing guidance with respect to whatproduct components, or classes of components, will beconsidered to be inaccessible for purposes of subparagraph(A).(C) A PPLICATION PENDING CPSC GUIDANCE.—Until theCommission promulgates a rule pursuant to subparagraph(B), the determination of whether a product componentis inaccessible to a child shall be made in accordance withthe requirements laid out in subparagraph (A) for consid-ering a component to be inaccessible to a child.(3) C ERTAIN BARRIERS DISQUALIFIED.—For purposes of thissubsection, paint, coatings, or electroplating may not be consid-ered to be a barrier that would render lead in the substrateinaccessible to a child, or to prevent absorption of any leadinto the human body, through normal and reasonably foresee-able use and abuse of the product.(4) C ERTAIN ELECTRONIC DEVICES.—If the Commissiondetermines that it is not technologically feasible for certainelectronic devices, including devices containing batteries, tocomply with subsection (a), the Commission, by regulation,shall—(A) issue requirements to eliminate or minimize thepotential for exposure to and accessibility of lead in suchelectronic devices, which may include requirements thatsuch electronic devices be equipped with a child-resistantcover or casing that prevents exposure to and accessibilityof the parts of the product containing lead; and(B) establish a schedule by which such electronicdevices shall be in full compliance with the limits in sub-section (a), unless the Commission determines that fullcompliance will not be technologically feasible for suchdevices within a schedule set by the Commission.(5) P ERIODIC REVIEW.—The Commission shall, based onthe best available scientific and technical information, periodi-cally review and revise the regulations promulgated pursuant to this subsection no less frequently than every 5 years after the first promulgation of a regulation under this subsection to make them more stringent and to require the lowest amount of lead the Commission determines is technologically feasible to achieve.(c) A PPLICATION W ITH ASTM F963.—To the extent that any regulation promulgated by the Commission under this section (or any section of the Consumer Product Safety Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission, as such Acts are affected by this section) is inconsistent with the ASTM F963 standard, such Deadline. Requirements. Deadline.122 STAT. 3020 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 promulgated regulation shall supersede the ASTM F963 standard to the extent of the inconsistency. (d) T ECHNOLOGICAL F EASIBILITY D EFINED .—For purposes of this section, a limit shall be deemed technologically feasible with regard to a product or product category if— (1) a product that complies with the limit is commercially available in the product category; (2) technology to comply with the limit is commercially available to manufacturers or is otherwise available within the common meaning of the term; (3) industrial strategies or devices have been developed that are capable or will be capable of achieving such a limit by the effective date of the limit and that companies, acting in good faith, are generally capable of adopting; or (4) alternative practices, best practices, or other operational changes would allow the manufacturer to comply with the limit. (e) P ENDING R ULEMAKING P ROCEEDINGS T O H AVE N O E FFECT .— The pendency of a rulemaking proceeding to consider— (1) a delay in the effective date of a limit or an alternate limit under this section related to technological feasibility, (2) an exception for certain products or materials or inacces-sibility guidance under subsection (b) of this section, or (3) any other request for modification of or exemption from any regulation, rule, standard, or ban under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission, shall not delay the effect of any provision or limit under this section nor shall it stay general enforcement of the requirements of this section. (f) M ORE S TRINGENT L EAD P AINT B AN .— (1) I N GENERAL .—Effective on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall modify section 1303.1 of its regulations (16 C.F.R. 1301.1) by sub-stituting ‘‘0.009 percent’’ for ‘‘0.06 percent’’ in subsection (a) of that section. (2) P ERIODIC REVIEW AND REDUCTION .—The Commissionshall, no less frequently than every 5 years after the date on which the Commission modifies the regulations pursuant to paragraph (1), review the limit for lead in paint set forth in section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations (as revised by paragraph (1)), and shall by regulation revise down-ward the limit to require the lowest amount of lead that the Commission determines is technologically feasible to achieve. (3) M ETHODS FOR SCREENING LEAD IN SMALL PAINTED AREAS .—In order to provide for effective and efficient enforce-ment of the limit set forth in section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, the Commission may rely on x-ray fluorescence technology or other alternative methods for meas-uring lead in paint or other surface coatings on products subject to such section where the total weight of such paint or surface coating is no greater than 10 milligrams or where such paint or surface coating covers no more than 1 square centimeter of the surface area of such products. Such alternative methods for measurement shall not permit more than 2 micrograms of lead in a total weight of 10 milligrams or less of paint or other surface coating or in a surface area of 1 square centi-meter or less.Deadline. Effective date.122 STAT. 3021 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008(4) A LTERNATIVE METHODS OF MEASURING LEAD IN PAINT GENERALLY.—(A) S TUDY.—Not later than 1 year after the date ofenactment of this Act, the Commission shall complete astudy to evaluate the effectiveness, precision, and reliabilityof x-ray fluorescence technology and other alternativemethods for measuring lead in paint or other surfacecoatings when used on a children’s product or furniturearticle in order to determine compliance with part 1303of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, as modified pursu-ant to this subsection.(B) R ULEMAKING.—If the Commission determines,based on the study in subparagraph (A), that x-ray fluores-cence technology or other alternative methods for meas-uring lead in paint are as effective, precise, and reliableas the methodology used by the Commission for compliancedeterminations prior to the date of enactment of this Act,the Commission may promulgate regulations governing theuse of such methods in determining the compliance ofproducts with part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regula-tions, as modified pursuant to this subsection. Any regula-tions promulgated by the Commission shall ensure thatsuch alternative methods are no less effective, precise, andreliable than the methodology used by the Commissionprior to the date of enactment of this Act.(5) P ERIODIC REVIEW.—The Commission shall, no less fre-quently than every 5 years after the Commission completes the study required by paragraph (4)(A), review and revise any methods for measurement utilized by the Commission pursuant to paragraph (3) or pursuant to any regulations promulgated under paragraph (4) to ensure that such methods are the most effective methods available to protect children’s health. The Commission shall conduct an ongoing effort to study and encourage the further development of alternative methods for measuring lead in paint and other surface coating that can effectively, precisely, and reliably detect lead levels at or below the level set forth in part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, or any lower level established by regulation.(6) N O EFFECT ON LEGAL LIMIT.—Nothing in paragraph(3), nor reliance by the Commission on any alternative methodof measurement pursuant to such paragraph, nor any rule prescribed pursuant to paragraph (4), nor any method estab-lished pursuant to paragraph (5) shall be construed to alter the limit set forth in section 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, as modified pursuant to this subsection, or provide any exemption from such limit.(7) C ONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection shall beconstrued to affect the authority of the Commission or any other person to use alternative methods for detecting lead asa screening method to determine whether further testing oraction is needed.(g) T REATMENT AS A R EGULATION U NDER THE FHSA.—Any ban imposed by subsection (a) or rule promulgated under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, and section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations (as modified pursuant to subsection (f)(1) or (2)), or any successor regulation, shall be considered a regulation of the Commission promulgated under or for the enforcement of Deadline. Deadline.122 STAT. 3022 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 section 2(q) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(q)). SEC. 102. MANDATORY THIRD P ARTY TESTING FOR CERTAIN CHIL-DREN’S PRODUCTS. (a) M ANDATORY AND T HIRD P ARTY T ESTING .— (1) G ENERAL CONFORMITY CERTIFICATION .— (A) A MENDMENT .—Paragraph (1) of section 14(a) (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)) is amended to read as follows: ‘‘(1) G ENERAL CONFORMITY CERTIFICATION .—Except as pro-vided in paragraphs (2) and (3), every manufacturer of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety rule under this Act or similar rule, ban, standard, or regulation under any other Act enforced by the Commission and which is imported for consumption or warehousing or distributed in commerce (and the private labeler of such product if such product bears a private label) shall issue a certificate which— ‘‘(A) shall certify, based on a test of each product or upon a reasonable testing program, that such product com-plies with all rules, bans, standards, or regulations applicable to the product under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission; and ‘‘(B) shall specify each such rule, ban, standard, or regulation applicable to the product.’’. (B) E FFECTIVE DATE .—The amendment made by subparagraph (A) shall take effect 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act. (2) T HIRD PARTY TESTING REQUIREMENT .—Section 14(2) (15 U.S.C. 2063(2)) is further amended by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and inserting after paragraph (1) the following: ‘‘(2) T HIRD PARTY TESTING REQUIREMENT .—Effective on the dates provided in paragraph (3), before importing for consump-tion or warehousing or distributing in commerce any children’s product that is subject to a children’s product safety rule, every manufacturer of such children’s product (and the private labeler of such children’s product if such children’s product bears a private label) shall— ‘‘(A) submit sufficient samples of the children’s product, or samples that are identical in all material respects to the product, to a third party conformity assessment body accredited under paragraph (3) to be tested for compliance with such children’s product safety rule; and ‘‘(B) based on such testing, issue a certificate that certifies that such children’s product complies with the children’s product safety rule based on the assessment of a third party conformity assessment body accredited to conduct such tests. A manufacturer or private labeler shall issue either a separate certificate for each children’s product safety rule applicable to a product or a combined certificate that certifies compliance with all applicable children’s product safety rules, in which case each such rule shall be specified. ‘‘(3) S CHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THIRD PARTY TESTING .— ‘‘(A) G ENERAL APPLICATION .—Except as provided under subparagraph (F), the requirements of paragraph (2) shallNotice. Certification.15 USC 2063 note.122 STAT. 3023 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008apply to any children’s product manufactured more than90 days after the Commission has established and pub-lished notice of the requirements for accreditation of thirdparty conformity assessment bodies to assess conformitywith a children’s product safety rule to which such chil-dren’s product is subject.‘‘(B) T IME LINE FOR ACCREDITATION.—‘‘(i) L EAD PAINT.—Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall pub-lish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess con-formity with part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations.‘‘(ii) F ULL-SIZE CRIBS; NON FULL-SIZE CRIBS; PAC-IFIERS.—Not later than 60 days after the date of enact-ment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with parts 1508, 1509, and 1511 of such title.‘‘(iii) S MALL PARTS.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall pub-lish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess con-formity with part 1501 of such title.‘‘(iv) C HILDREN’S METAL JEWELRY.—Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commis-sion shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess conformity with the requirements of section 101(a)(2) of such Act with respect to children’s metal jewelry.‘‘(v) B ABY BOUNCERS, WALKERS, AND JUMPERS.— Not later than 210 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with parts 1500.18(a)(6) and 1500.86(a) of such title.‘‘(vi) A LL OTHER CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY RULES.—The Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with other children’s product safety rules at the earliest practicable date, but in no case later than 10 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, or, in the case of children’s product safety rules established or revised1 year or more after such date of enactment, not laterthan 90 days before such rules or revisions take effect.‘‘(C) A CCREDITATION.—Accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies pursuant to the requirements established under subparagraph (B) may be conducted Deadlines. Notices.122 STAT. 3024 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 either by the Commission or by an independent accredita-tion organization designated by the Commission. ‘‘(D) P ERIODIC REVIEW .—The Commission shall periodi-cally review and revise the accreditation requirements established under subparagraph (B) to ensure that the requirements assure the highest conformity assessment body quality that is feasible. ‘‘(E) P UBLICATION OF ACCREDITED ENTITIES .—The Commission shall maintain on its Internet website an up- to-date list of entities that have been accredited to assess conformity with children’s product safety rules in accord-ance with the requirements published by the Commission under this paragraph. ‘‘(F) E XTENSION .—If the Commission determines that an insufficient number of third party conformity assess-ment bodies have been accredited to permit certification for a children’s product safety rule under the accelerated schedule required by this paragraph, the Commission may extend the deadline for certification to such rule by not more than 60 days. ‘‘(G) R ULEMAKING .—Until the date that is 3 years after the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Commission proceedings under this paragraph shall be exempt from the requirements of sections 553 and 601 through 612 of title 5, United States Code.’’. (3) C ONFORMING AMENDMENTS .—Section 14(a)(4) (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(4)), as redesignated by paragraph (2) of this subsection, is amended— (A) by striking ‘‘required by paragraph (1) of this sub-section’’ and inserting ‘‘required under paragraph (1), (2), or (3)’’; and (B) by striking ‘‘requirement under paragraph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘requirement under paragraph (1), (2), or (3)’’. (b) A DDITIONAL R EQUIREMENTS ; D EFINITIONS .—Section 14 (15 U.S.C. 2063) is further amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(d) A DDITIONAL R EGULATIONS FOR T HIRD P ARTY T ESTING .— ‘‘(1) A UDIT .—Not later than 10 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall by regulation establish require-ments for the periodic audit of third party conformity assess-ment bodies as a condition for the continuing accreditation of such conformity assessment bodies under subsection (a)(3)(C). ‘‘(2) C OMPLIANCE ; CONTINUING TESTING .—Not later than 15 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall by regulation— ‘‘(A) initiate a program by which a manufacturer or private labeler may label a consumer product as complying with the certification requirements of subsection (a); and ‘‘(B) establish protocols and standards— ‘‘(i) for ensuring that a children’s product tested for compliance with an applicable children’s product safety rule is subject to testing periodically and when there has been a material change in the product’s design or manufacturing process, including the sourcing of component parts;Protocols. Standards. Deadlines.Termination date.Web site. Records.PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008122 STAT. 3025‘‘(ii) for the testing of random samples to ensurecontinued compliance;‘‘(iii) for verifying that a children’s product testedby a conformity assessment body complies withapplicable children’s product safety rules; and‘‘(iv) for safeguarding against the exercise of undueinfluence on a third party conformity assessment bodyby a manufacturer or private labeler.‘‘(e) W ITHDRAWAL OF A CCREDITATION.—‘‘(1) I N GENERAL.—The Commission may withdraw itsaccreditation or its acceptance of the accreditation of a thirdparty conformity assessment body accredited under this sectionif the Commission finds, after notice and investigation, that—‘‘(A) a manufacturer, private labeler, or governmental entity has exerted undue influence on such conformityassessment body or otherwise interfered with or com-promised the integrity of the testing process with respectto the certification of a children’s product under this sec-tion; or‘‘(B) such conformity assessment body failed to comply with an applicable protocol, standard, or requirement estab-lished by the Commission under subsection (d).‘‘(2) P ROCEDURE.—In any proceeding to withdraw the accreditation of a conformity assessment body, the Commis-sion—‘‘(A) shall consider the gravity of the conformity assess-ment body’s action or failure to act, including—‘‘(i) whether the action or failure to act resultedin injury, death, or the risk of injury or death;‘‘(ii) whether the action or failure to act constitutesan isolated incident or represents a pattern or practice;and‘‘(iii) whether and when the conformity assessmentbody initiated remedial action; and‘‘(B) may—‘‘(i) withdraw its acceptance of the accreditationof the conformity assessment body on a permanentor temporary basis; and‘‘(ii) establish requirements for reaccreditation ofthe conformity assessment body.‘‘(3) F AILURE TO COOPERATE.—The Commission may sus-pend the accreditation of a conformity assessment body if itfails to cooperate with the Commission in an investigationunder this section.‘‘(f) D EFINITIONS.—In this section:‘‘(1) C HILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY RULE.—The term ‘chil-dren’s product safety rule’ means a consumer product safetyrule under this Act or similar rule, regulation, standard, orban under any other Act enforced by the Commission, includinga rule declaring a consumer product to be a banned hazardousproduct or substance.‘‘(2) T HIRD PARTY CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT BODY.—‘‘(A) I N GENERAL.—The term ‘third party conformity assessment body’ means a conformity assessment bodythat, except as provided in subparagraph (D), is not owned,managed, or controlled by the manufacturer or private。

《消费品安全改进法案》成出口企业新考验

酸酯测试的企业比以前多Ｔ－多。ｔ６
高。根据法案要求，法案生效当日资产没收。
原来，８４月１日美国总统布什签署起１０日后，儿童用品中含铅量不得８消费品安全改进法案》。该法案规超过００％６０ｐ）一年内将降低．６（０ｐｍ，
旧开始，自愿性标准ＡＴ９３ＳＭＦ６将转化下）；儿童用品和家用家具涂料（主要品出现问题后的问责上与原规定也有所
上须加贴可追溯性标签。
近１倍，从目前的ＯＯ；０．ｊ６降低至００９。；．％０
商、进口、美国当地的中间商、分销商
“ 消费品安全改进法案对玩在邻苯二甲酸酯含量中，永久性禁止儿商、零售商等多个环节。假如产品出现
厂ＵｌＩ
最近，通标标准技术服务有限公司是安全的，并且监管机构也有了执法所至１０万美元。违反消费品安全委员会５０
Ｓ广州轻工产品实验室显得异常繁忙，
。
需的来源。”
任伺法规的刑事惩罚，将面临五年以下
来为自己的产品进行铅含量及邻苯二
铅含量和邻苯二甲酸酯要求更的监禁或罚金，或两者并罚，甚至包括
出口美国产品门槛更高
ＤＰ的儿童玩具或儿童护了该法律，均不免除于惩罚之外。因此Ｎ从去年开始，儿童玩具等消费品因酸二正辛酯（Ｏ）
全问题被大量召回。在美国消费品委理物品。
要想免于受罚，从一开始企业生产出来
会的网站上，几乎每天都能看到一些

HR4040中文简介

美国通过新的消费品安全改善法令(HR4040)美国总统布什2008年8月14日签署了《2008消费品安全改进法案》（H.R. 4040）。

法案进一步授权于消费品安全委员会（CPSC）加强消费品特别是儿童产品的安全管理。

我们在第21号ITB中有列出一些相关要求，现进一步补充完善。

本法案对儿童产品铅及邻苯二甲酸盐含量提出明确要求，详情如下表列：禁用物质范围/要求生效期铅(Sec.101) 供12岁以下儿童使用的产品（任何正常使用或滥用后可触及部件）≤ 600 ppm≤ 300 ppm≤ 100 ppm （除非技术达不到要求的部件）法案生效180天后法案生效1年后法案生效3年后家俱和供12岁以下儿童使用产品的表面油漆≤ 90 ppm (0.009 %) (修改16 CFR 1303.1)小面积油漆如单个产品油漆重量少于10g或表面积少于1 cm²≤ 2 mg, XRF扫描技术或其它方法法案生效1年后邻苯二甲酸盐(Sec.108) 供12岁以下儿童使用的玩具或3岁以下儿童使用的护理产品≤ 0.1 % DEHP, DBP,BBP过渡性禁令3岁以下儿童使用的护理产品或能放入口中供12岁以下儿童使用的玩具≤ 0.1 % DINP, DIDP , DNOP 法案生效180天后“儿童护理产品”是指专门为3岁及以下儿童设计用以催进睡眠、喂食、吸吮及出牙的产品。

“可放入口中玩具”是指任一部位可放入嘴巴被儿童吸吮、咀嚼的玩具（如仅被舔到不属此列），如果玩具的任一尺寸小于5CM，则视为可放入口中。

儿童产品需强制通过第三方测试（Sec.102），委员会将于法案生效后相继发布通告要求儿童产品通过第三方检测，如：油漆中铅含量（30天内），标准及非标准尺寸婴儿床（60天内），小物品（90天内），儿童金属配饰（120天内），婴儿跳床、学步车及蹦床（21 0天内），其它儿童产品安全条例（10个月内），同时也预计在法案生效10个月内设立对第三方测试机构进行定期审核的要求。

消费品安全改进法

CN-281 / Sept 2009美国公布《消费品安全改进法》有关某些材料铅含量要求的最新规定美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)最近颁布一项最终决议，认定某些材料或产品本身：1. 不含铅；或者2. 铅含量没有超过《消费品安全改进法》CPSIA第101(a)部分规定的限值。

新决议提供一份不再受第101(a)部分限制的材料清单，这些材料不需要再进行基材铅含量测试。

挑战：新规定决议涉及以下材料，但前提是这些材料没有通过添加化学品或材料进行处理或掺杂。

第101(a)部分豁免的材料或产品不受豁免的材料或产品贵重宝石，如钻石、红宝石、蓝宝石、翡翠无半贵重宝石和其它矿物，但这些矿物或材料的基本成份不能是铅或铅化合物，并且不能与其它基本成份是铅或铅化合物的矿物质有关联基本成份为铅或铅化合物的矿物，包括但不限于霰石、乳砷铅矿、银铜氯铅矿、白铅矿、赤铅矿、方铅矿、青铅矿、砷铅矿、角铅矿、钒铅矿、钼铅矿天然或人工养殖的珍珠无天然或未经加工的木材复合木材，如胶合板、刨花板、中密度纤维板(MDF)由木材或其它纤维素纤维制成的纸和类似材料，包括但不限于卡纸、挂面纸板、芯纸，以及这类纸板上成为基材一部分的涂层。

带有塑料叠层/覆盖层的纸板CMYK四色印刷油墨专色、不用于CMYK四色印刷的其它油墨、不作为16 CFR 1303规定的基材一部分的油墨、后处理中使用的油墨，包括丝网印刷、转印、贴花或其它印刷从植物和动物中提取的材料，包括但不限于动物胶、蜂蜡、种子、坚果壳、花、骨头、贝壳、珊瑚、琥珀、羽毛、皮草和皮革无纺织品，包括：后处理中使用的材料，包括丝网印刷、转(i) 染色或未染色的天然纤维，包括但不限于棉花、木棉、亚麻、亚麻布、黄麻、苎麻、大麻、洋麻、竹子、椰子壳纤维、剑麻、蚕丝、羊毛(绵羊)、羊驼毛、骆毛、山羊毛(马海毛、山羊绒)、兔毛、马毛、牦牛毛、骆马毛、北极金羊毛(ii) 染色或未染色的人工纤维，包括但不限于人造纤维、人造蛋白质纤维、Lyocell 纤维、醋酸纤维素、三醋酯纤维、橡胶、氨纶印、贴花或其它印刷未人工添加铅或含铅金属的金属和合金，包括外科用钢和除UNS S13800-S66286规定的303Pb (UNSS30360)以外的其它不锈钢，以及贵重金属，如黄金(至少十开)、标准纯银(至少925/1000)、白金、钯、铑、锇、铱、钌、钛产品中非贵重金属化合物，如焊料，或电镀或镀金中的基础金属上述规定从2009年8月26日开始生效。

CPSIA-2008年美国消费者产品安全改善法案(整体译文)

H.R.4040美利坚合众国第一百一十届国会第二次会议二零零八年一月三日（星期四）于华盛顿市开始举行有关儿童消费品安全标准和其它安全要求的设立以及消费品安全委员会的重新授权和现代化的法案本法案由美利坚合众国参议院和众议院于召集的国会会议上通过。

第1条简称；目录(a) 简称——该法案可称为《2008年消费者产品安全改善法案》（Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008）(b) 目录——本法案目录如下：第1条简称；目录第2条参考第3条发布实施条例的权利第一编——儿童产品安全第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅涂料标准第102条. 某些儿童产品的强制性第三方测试第103条. 儿童产品的跟踪标签第104条. 耐用婴幼儿产品标准和消费者登记第105节. 玩具与游戏器具的广告标签要求第106节. 强制性玩具安全标准第107节. 对少数民族儿童的与消费品相关的可预防性伤亡研究第108节. 禁止销售含特定邻苯二甲酸盐的产品第二编消费品安全委员会改革第一章——经营管理改善第201节. 委员会的授权第202节. 委员会全员要求；临时法定人数；员工第203节. 部分递送给国会的文件第204节. 加速制定法律第205节. 监察长的审查与报告第206节. 禁止行业赞助的差旅第207节. 与联邦政府、州政府、地方政府和外国政府机构信息共享第208节. 交换雇员培训第209节. 年度报告要求第二章——加强的执行权力第211节. 公开信息披露第212节. 建立一个公众消费品安全数据库第213节. 依据其他由消费品安全委员会执行的法令制定的储存强制令第214节. 加强的召回权利以及改正措施计划第215节. 对于由防火墙隔开的符合性评估机构的检查；供应链的识别第216节. 禁止行为第217节. 处罚第218节. 由州总检察长执行第219节. 举报人保护第三章——详细的进出口相关规定第221节. 召回品及不合格品的出口第222节. 进口安全管理及跨部门间的合作第223节. 重大产品隐患清单及不合格进口产品的消毁第224节. 财政责任第225节. 与进口消费品安全相关的公权力效力研究及报告第四章——杂项规定及顺应性修订第231节. 先占性第232节. 各类地形用车辆标准第233节. 按照《1970年的危险品包装法案》实施成本效益分析第234节. 织物及服饰产品中的甲醛使用研究第235节. 技术及顺应性变化第236节. 加快复审第237节. 撤消第238节. 浴池及温泉安全技术修订第239节. 生效日期及可分割性第2条参考(a) 本法案中使用的术语定义：(1) “相关国会委员会”指的是众议院能源与商务委员会（Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives）和参议院参议院商务、科学和运输委员会（Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate）；(2) 术语“委员会”指的是消费品安全委员会。

Cusumer product safety__ improvement act of 2008

7
CPSC职责
美国政府负责美国消费品安全的机构
负责发布强制性产品安全标准
通过与产业界的合作制订各种的共识性(也叫做自愿性) 安全标准负责监督与消费品相关的伤害与死亡案例
与有关公司合作从市场上召回有缺陷的产品。
赋予额外资源：提高委员会供资水平、增加委员会的专职工作人员批准消费品安全委员会在2010～2014年作为执法机关
管辖范围及要求
儿童产品（排除接触不到的成分）
生效日期
生效后180天生效后1年生效后3年生效后1年
注：至少每5年对上述限值审查一次
SGS-CSTC E&E RSTS
10
特殊材料、产品、零部件的豁免规定
特殊产品及材料
产品或材料在正常使用、因儿童误吞、口含、折断和其它活动所导致的误用以及正常老化的情况下，产品或材料中所含的铅不会被人体吸收。产品或材料不会对公共健康与安全造成其他方面的影响。
特殊零部件的豁免
儿童产品的某个零部件在正常使用、可预见用途及误用时不会与儿童发生接触（产品对该零部件进行了遮盖或包装，无法与人体接触）。
无效的保护措施
产品外部的油漆、布料和电镀层等。
电子部件（技术原因）
禁止或降低产品中含铅的电子部件，对该类电子部件加装保护装置，防止铅与儿童及人体接触。制定电子部件完全符合限值的时间表，委员会确认由于技术原因无法完全符合限值的情况除外。
E&E RSTS
2008消费品安全改进法案 Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008
E&E RSTS
新闻回顾
2007年9月5日，美国最大玩具商美泰公司宣布，由于玩具涂料含铅成分过高，将在全球范围内召回82.4万件中国生产的芭比玩具。美泰对中国产玩具进行继续调查之后所做出的决定，

解读美国《2008消费品安全改进法案》

误吸磁铁后造成的内部伤害。
有毒物质。球形末端玩具。半球形
在耐用幼儿产品标准及消费者
方法方面关于以下情形的效力：
案的新条款用于强制要求制造商制造出更加安全的儿童玩具和其他产品，违法者加重处罚，对并且当制裁
此法案保护权益的破坏者时，予了给
小面积油漆
（改１ｌ３３１修６ＣＺ１０．Ｒ）
法案生效１后年
如单个产品油漆重量少于１ｇ或表面积少于１ｃ０ｍ２
≤ ２ｎｇＸＲＦ扫描技术或其它方法ａ，
供１２岁以下儿童使用的玩具或３岁以下儿童使用的护理产品
２００７年发生了大批产品召回后，国美政府对消费产品施加更加严格的安
全管理法规。２００８年８月１美国总统布什４１３
州、当地政府、人团体组织等个
见反馈给消费者。ＣＳＰＣ现在负超过１００种用于家庭、育、５０体及学校的消费品的安全监控。
邻苯二甲酸盐 ≤ ０１％ＤＥＨＰ．．ＤＢＰＢ．ＢＰ过渡性禁令
法案生效１０天８
（ｅ．８Ｓｃ１）０
３岁以下儿童使用的护理产品或能放入口中供１２岁以下儿童使用的玩具
≤ ０．１％ＤＩＰ，ＩＰ，ＤＮＯＰＮＤＤ

cpsia标准

CPSIA标准简介CPSIA（Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act）是指美国的《消费品安全改进法案》，该法案旨在保护消费者免受不安全产品的伤害。

CPSIA不仅适用于美国境内的产品制造商和供应商，也适用于进口到美国的产品。

该法案于2008年通过，并于2008年8月14日起生效。

该标准主要由两部分组成：关于产品检测和认证的规定和关于产品标签和警告的规定。

产品检测和认证根据CPSIA标准，产品测试和认证是确保产品符合安全要求的重要环节。

根据该法案，制造商必须确保其产品符合相关的安全标准，并进行不断的测试来确保产品的安全性。

第三方测试实验室CPSIA规定，制造商必须将其产品送往经过认可的第三方实验室进行测试。

第三方实验室将对产品进行各种安全性测试，以确保其符合相关的安全标准。

这些测试涵盖了各个方面，如化学成分、机械性能、电气安全等。

认证标志通过测试并符合安全标准的产品，可以获得CPSIA认证。

认证标志是一个表示该产品符合CPSIA标准的标志，制造商可以将其标明在产品上，以向消费者传递产品的安全性。

产品标签和警告除了产品的测试和认证，CPSIA还要求制造商在产品上标明必要的标签和警告信息，以提醒消费者使用产品时的注意事项。

年龄相关标志根据CPSIA的规定，适用于12岁以下儿童的产品必须在其包装上标明适用年龄范围。

这样可以帮助消费者选择合适年龄段的产品，减少不适用年龄段的儿童使用不合适的产品而引发的安全风险。

警告标签一些产品可能会存在一定的安全风险，制造商必须标明警告标签来提醒消费者。

这些警告标签可能包括但不限于：窒息危险、电气危险、化学品危险等。

警告标签应清晰明了，能够明确传递给消费者相关的安全风险信息。

CPSIA的重要性CPSIA标准的实施对于产品制造商和供应商来说非常重要，它有以下几个方面的重要性：保护消费者CPSIA标准的制定目的是为了保护消费者免受不安全产品的伤害。

美国消费品安全改进法案

美国消费品安全改进法案引言消费品安全一直是保护消费者权益的关键问题之一。

在过去几十年中，许多国家都通过了消费品安全相关法律，以保障消费者的利益。

而美国作为全球最大的经济体和消费市场，对消费品安全问题的关注程度更是举足轻重。

为此，美国政府通过了一系列消费品安全改进法案，旨在提高消费者对产品质量和安全的信心，减少因消费品导致的伤害和事故。

1. 法案背景消费品安全改进法案是美国政府为保障公众安全而制定的法律法规。

该法案的出台背景可以追溯到上世纪80年代，当时美国出现了一系列因消费品缺陷导致的事故和伤害事件，引发了公众对消费品质量和安全的担忧。

为了应对这一情况，美国政府开始制定和执行一系列消费品安全法律，以确保消费者权益得到充分保护。

2. 主要内容消费品安全改进法案主要包括以下几个方面的内容：2.1 产品标准和测试要求该法案要求消费品必须符合一定的标准和质量要求，以确保其安全性和品质。

各类消费品都需要经过严格的测试和认证，以确保其符合相关的质量和安全标准。

此外，还建立了产品召回制度，一旦发现某个消费品存在安全隐患，相关部门将立即启动召回程序，确保受到影响的消费者及时得到补偿和保护。

2.2 加强市场监管为了加强对消费品市场的监管，该法案增加了对消费品生产、销售和广告宣传等环节的监管力度。

相关部门将加大对消费品市场的巡查和检查力度，对存在问题的企业进行严肃处理。

2.3 加强消费者权益保护该法案还增加了对消费者权益的保护措施。

一方面，加强了对虚假和误导性广告宣传的打击力度，提升消费者的知情权和选择权。

另一方面，建立了消费者申诉和投诉处理机制，让消费者能够便捷地申诉和维权。

2.4 提高生产者责任意识为了促使生产者更加重视产品质量和安全，该法案加大了对生产者的监管和追责力度。

一方面，加强了对生产者的监督检查，确保其生产的产品符合相关标准和质量要求。

另一方面，对违反消费品安全相关法律的企业进行严厉处罚，以起到威慑作用。

美国消费品改进法案(CPSIA HR4040)介绍

———食品和药物管理局（FDA）的要求将作为对儿童用品现行规定的补充。
• 4.3.5 油漆和类似的表面涂层材料---用于玩具的油漆和
其它类似的表面涂层材料必须符合根据消费者产品安全条例(CPSA)颁发的关于铅含量的规定 16 CFR 1303。
• 1.3.5.1 本规定禁止使用铅含量超过 0.06%(600ppm) 的油
告、标签或包装上禁止提及消费者安全规定或自愿标准。
CPSIA 关于儿童产品的主要内容——耐用婴幼儿产品标准及注册注册卡从 2009 年八月美国消费品安全委员会公布所要求的法规即日起生效: 耐用婴儿产品或幼儿产品的制造商必须向消费者提供邮资已付的产品注册表, 目的是若产品被召回或采取安全行动时可以通知消费者耐用婴幼儿产品
——供与食品接触的玩具组件，如玩具炊具和玩具餐具，包装或者说明书要贴上标签警告看护者用前清洗。 ——陶瓷中铅镉污染---用来或可能盛放食品的陶瓷玩具部件，例如：陶瓷茶具必须符合 FDCA 中 402 （a）（2）（c）和 FDA 产品合格方针导则中的有关要求。
• 4.3.4 化妆品---玩具化妆品必须符合 FDCA 中代码为
总部地址：中国广州市科学城开泰大道天泰一路 3 号(510663) Email:yangyan@

Address: No.3,Tiantaiy Road,Kaitai Avenue,Science City,Guangzhou,510663,P.R.China
5) 含铅铜轴承壳套和套管； 6) 光学滤光玻璃； 7) 在等离子显色器中的（PDP），在结构单元的里的、表面传到
21CFR 的有关要求。其中适用于化妆品的规定见 21 CFR700-740。以化妆品中色素的有关规定见 21 CFR 中 73， 74，81 和 82。

消费品安全改进法案CPSIA

《消费品安全改进法案》（CPSIA）常见问题与解答1 第101(f)(3)节关于含铅油漆测试以及小面积部分是否可以免测?答:新法律并未对涂漆的小面积部分就适用的含铅限制标准给予豁免。

对于油漆或表层涂料总重量不超过10毫克或油漆或表层涂料面积不超过1平方厘米的产品，法律的确允许委员会采用X射线荧光技术（XRF）或其他替代方法进行筛选检验。

使用这种替代检验方法时，油漆或表层涂料总重量不超过10毫克或面积不超过1平方厘米的产品中的含铅量不得超过2微克。

2 根据美国联邦法规16 CFR § 1303.2，对含铅油漆和类似表层涂料的禁令并未包括电镀，新法案是否也如此规定？经电镀的底层是否可被视为“不可能被接触”？答:对于含铅的儿童产品，CPSIA具体规定油漆、涂层或电镀不得被视为可使底层中的铅不会被孩子接触的隔离层。

因此，电镀过的底层并不构成可受某儿童产品对CPSIA中有关含铅量限制标准豁免的基础。

根据16 CFR part 1303实施监管的物品，包括油漆和某些油漆过的物品，油漆和其他类似表层涂料的定义与过去相同，仍然不包括电镀。

3 关于儿童产品中总含铅量的新规定是否也适用于儿童书籍、磁带和CD、印刷的游戏板、招贴以及用于儿童教育的其他印刷品？答: 是的。

CPSIA对儿童产品的定义是主要为不超过12岁的儿童使用的产品。

因此这些产品必须符合美国联邦法规16 CFR part 1303关于油漆和表层涂料的含铅限制标准,以及于2009年8月14日生效的90ppm含铅量标准，另外还须符合关于儿童产品含铅量的新标准,如果儿童产品使用的印刷油墨或材料实际上成了底层的一部分，（例如塑料颗粒中的颜色）或是通过电镀或瓷釉与底层粘合的材料，就毋需执行含铅油漆限制标准。

但是，无论是否被排除在含铅限制标准之外，这些产品仍将被视作含铅产品，因此仍须符合儿童产品含铅量限制标准。

对于含铅儿童产品CPSIA有具体规定，油漆、涂层或电镀层不得被视为防止孩子接触到的底层中的铅的隔离层。

消费品安全改进法案简要

Brief Summaries of the CPSIA legislation - Chinese VersionView this document in English《消费品安全改进法案》简要第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅油漆法规第102条. 对某些儿童产品实行强制性第三方测试第103条. 儿童产品的追踪标识第104条. 耐用型育婴产品的标准与消费者注册第105条. 玩具和游戏机广告的标识要求第213条：禁止储存美国消费品安全委员会规范范围内的产品第215条. 检查私营实验室；确认供应链第232条. 关于全地形越野车的标准第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅油漆法规将我们的任何规章翻译到除英语以外的语言, 纯粹是为了方便不能阅读英语的公众, 但是规章应以英语文本为准。

我们设法为读者提供忠于英语原文的翻译, 由于翻译中存在的困难, 可能会有一些差别。

翻译文件中有指明在英语原文在何处的附注。

Translation of any of our regulations into a language other than English is intended solely as a convenience to the non-English-reading public and the English version of our regulations remains the authoritative text. We have attempted to provide an accurate translation of the original material in English, but due to the difficulties of translation slight differences may exist. References identifying the original document in English are available in our translated document.基本综述:消费品安全改进法案》降低儿童产品中所允许的含铅量. 第101条对儿童产品的含铅量和这类产品使用的油漆的含铅量作了新的限制规定.含铅量限制规定对儿童产品中含铅量的限制将在三年之内逐步完成。

适用于服装与纺织品企业的《消费品安全改进法案》(CPSIA)

联邦可燃性要求早于《费品安全改进法案》消
（ＰＩ，但是由于都受消费品安全委员会（ＰＣ）ＣＳＡ）ＣＳ管理所以有所关联。一般．除了儿童睡衣外的服装，必须
依照阻燃性标准进行检测。
毯的染色或非染色所用的纺织品，但不包括皮革、乙烯基
２８８月通过的《消费品安全改进法案》０年０
（ＰＩＣＳＡ），对产品检测进行了彻底的改革。尽管ＣＳＡＰＩ主要趋向于检测玩具中的普遍铅含量，但它的影响还在向儿童用品扩展，包括纺织品与服装。
安全规则限制的儿童用品，需要由第三方检测并认证。为建立一套成功的遵从《费品安全改进法案》消
旦确定产品分类．就决定了所须进行的检测。
制，基材需为某种制成材料．且表面涂层可被使用。
这是一个新规定一一以往仅对表面涂层要求铅含量限
所须检测的项目
可燃性
制，在２０年８１０９月４日．铅含量限制从６０ｐ０ｐｍ下降到
因此所有受《消费品安全改进法案》（ＰＩＣＳＡ）儿童用品
４中国纤检２１￣４（４００）下）￣ｑ
旦进行检测，需要做些什么。
您的产品需要检测吗？
对于《消费品安全改进法案》（ＰＩＣＳＡ）来说有四个
■
：
１
至关重要的类别，每个类别都有其独特的检测报告、跟踪等要求。一般来讲，儿童玩具及儿童保育用品的检测要求更为苛刻。由消费品安全委员会（ＰＣ）确定的四个ＣＳ

美国《消费品安全改进法案》解读

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其中7 4 ％是
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3

美国消费品安全法案

2008年8月14日，美国总统布什签署了美国一项划时代的法规——《2008消费品改进法》（HR 4040）。

此法案授权消费品安全委员会在2010～2014年作为执法机关，以确保消费产品，特别是为儿童设计的产品安全。

该法案赋予委员会更高的行政权力（如产品召回权）来使其裁定流程更加高效，并要求儿童用品生产者在所有产品上标示追踪信息。

这就要求生产者和零售商需承担更多的责任，并要包含从消费品生产到售卖过程中为确保安全所采用的各种保护措施。

新立法要求逐步限制儿童用品中铅的含量，以保证其使用安全。

要求铅含量在三年内降低至100 ppm，且从2009年8月4日起表面涂层中的铅应低于90 ppm。

邻苯二甲酸酯DEHP，DBP和BBP将被永久禁用，而DINP，DIDP和DNOP被暂时禁用，直到慢性危害顾问团（CHAP）的评估结果出来为止。

该立法采纳ASTM F963-07e1标准作为强制的消费品安全性规定，并可能会根据一些研究结果继续增加规定的条款。

对12岁以下儿童使用的产品应强制进行测试和安全性认证，对于国外的生产者则要求按美国安全标准来管控玩具的安全性。

还要求生产者在产品上标识可追溯信息，便于召回产品时有迹可循。

法案中的重点如表1所示：
表1：限用物质时间表。

对美国《消费品安全改进法案》部分规则的点评

Ａｓｒｃ：ｉｇＰ／Ｏ２ｔｒｌｄｔａｎｄｆｏｒｅｌｇｃｌｘｅｍｅｔｂｆｒ，ｐｒｍｅｅｓａｏｔｏｙｒｐｌｂｔａｔＵｓＰＣｅａａａｇｉｅｍｈｏｏｉａｅｐｒｎｓｅｏｅａａｔｒｂｕｌｐｏｙ－ｎｍａｉｒｉｐ
ｅｅｉｏｓｉｔｖｑａｉｎａｅａｅｄｄＴｒｕｈＦＥＭｏｔｒｌｆｏ．ｆｏｉｓｄｕｎｒｏｉｇｒｎｅＳｎｎｃｎｔｔｉｅｅｕｔｏｒｍｎｅ．ｈｏｇｕｓｆｗａｅＰｏｙｗｌｌｗｎｉｅｒｎｅｆｒｎｕｎｒｉａａｙｅ．Ｓｍｕａｉｎｒｓｈｈｗｈｔｗｉｕｌｔｄｅｔｍｐｒｔｒｎｈｓｒｃｉｎｏｎｌｚｄｉｌｔｏｅｕｓｓｏｔａｔｏｔ，ｉｅｅａｕｅａｄｔｅｍａｓｆａｔｆＣＯ，ｉｃｅｓｈｅｏｎｒａｅ，ｏｔｒｗｉｈ
Ｋｙｗｏｄ：ｉｏｉ；ｏｙｏｉｌｔｎｎｎｉｏｈｒｌｏｅｒｓｖｓｓｙＰｌｆｗｓｃｔｌｍｕａｉ；ｏ — ｔｅｍａｆｗｏｓｌ
对美国《消费品安全改进法案》部分规则的点评
规则之一建议从２００９年１１１起禁止销月３点评该要求将会一定程度上提高了玩具厂
ＸＥＸｎ —ａｇＬｎ —ｈｎ，ＥＹ —ｏｇＩｉｇｙｎ，ＩＱｉｇｃｕＨａｄｎ
（ｃｏｌｆｃａｉｌｎｌｃｏｉＥｇｅｒｇｅｉｇＳｈｏｏｈｎｃｄＥｅｔｎｃｎｉｅｉ，ＢｉｎＭｅａａｒｎｎｊＵｉｒｉｆｈｍｉｌｅｈｏｇ，Ｂｒｎ００９，ｈｎ）ｎｖｓｙｏｅｃｃｎｌｙｅｉｇ１０２ＣｉａｅｔＣａＴｏ

CPSIA,HR4040简介(美国)

CPSIA,HR4040简介美国CPSIA/H.R.4040 消费品安全改进法案美国总统布什于2008年8 月14 日正式签署生效消费品安全改进法案(CPSIA/HR4040)，成为法律。

该法令是自1972年消费品安全委员会( CPSC )成立以来最严厉的消费者保护法案。

新法案除了对儿童产品中铅含量的要求更为严格美国CPSIA/H.R.4040消费品安全改进法案美国总统布什于2008年8 月14 日正式签署生效消费品安全改进法案(CPSIA/HR4040)，成为法律。

该法令是自1972年消费品安全委员会(CPSC)成立以来最严厉的消费者保护法案。

新法案除了对儿童产品中铅含量的要求更为严格外，还对玩具和儿童护理用品中的有害物质邻苯二甲酸盐的含量做出新的规定。

此外，该法案还要求建立消费品安全公共数据库。

CPSIA影响着美国所有生产、进口、分销玩具、服装和其他儿童产品及护理品的相关行业。

所有制造商应该保证其产品符合该法案的所有规定、禁令、标准或者规则，在邻苯二甲酸盐含量中，除了DINP、DIDP及DNOP暂时被禁止使用，直到CHAP研究报告出台后再决定是否解禁或列为永久禁止使用外，DEHP、DBP及BBP已被永久禁止使用。

现在，所有相关产品在进入美国市场以前，必须通过美国消费品安全委员会CPSC 认可检测机构检测，否则将面对巨额罚款并导致出口中断。

CPSIA对产品的技术要求及动态含铅或带有含铅涂料儿童产品的要求：对儿童产品所有部件的铅含量实行分阶段限制，要求在3年期限内，最终将产品任何可接触部分总铅含量的限值由不得超过重量的600ppm（0.06%）降至不得超过重量的100ppm（0.01%）。

铅含量限值（总铅含量占重量的比重）儿童产品中，非可触及成分除外不超过600ppm（0.06%），法规颁布日期180天后起（2009年2月10日起）不超过300ppm（0.03%），法规颁布日期1年后起（2009年8月14日起）不超过100ppm（0.01%），法规颁布日期3年后起（2011年8月14日起）儿童产品和玩具所涂含铅油漆不超过90ppm（0.009%），法规颁布日期1年后（2009年8月14日起）针对某些儿童产品的强制第三方测试要求：法规生效90天后起（2008年11月12日起），儿童产品的制造商和自有品牌商必须—-将产品送交有资格的独立第三方检测机构进行相关测试—-出具证书，证明产品符合适用的标准或法规—-具体要强制的产品信息、测试机构要求和时间要求，请关注EBO相关的技术文件更新儿童产品可追溯标签的要求：法规生效1年后起（2009年8月14日），儿童产品的制造商必须在其产品及相关包装上加贴永久性清晰醒目的标志，使消费者可以辨别和确定制造商的名称、生产日期和产地，以及其他相关生产信息，从而确保产品的可追溯性。

美国《消费品安全改进法案》资料讲解

2008年7月，美国国会、参众两院分别以高票通过了H.R.4040 《消费品安全修正案》。
8月14日美国布什总统正式签署颁布了该修正案。
修正案内容涉及广泛，既包含对儿童玩具及儿童产品监管政策的调整，也包括了美国监管部门消费品安全委员会（简称CPSC）本身改革的内容。
《美国消费品安全改进法案》的主要内容
六、强制第三方检测（第102章）
适用范围：
所有涉及到儿童产品安全法令法规的产品。这些法令法规包括《消费品安全法案》及本改进法案及其他类似法案、禁令、
强制性标准、规章、规定和其他CPSC强制执行的法案。
条款要求：
1、生产商及进口商都必须通过检测或抽检的基础上获得其产品的符合性证书，证明其产品符合所有的规定、禁令、标准及法规的要求。
二、油漆及涂料的总铅含量（第101章，f部分）
适用范围：儿童产品条款要求：
在玩具、儿童首饰、家具等上所使用油漆油墨等涂层材料中铅含量限值从0.06%（600ppm）降至0.009%（90ppm），法规生效1年后开始实施。具体的时间是：2009年8月14日
注：当涂料样品的质量小于10mg或面积小于 10cm2时，仍然需要进行检测。
四、玩具强制性安全标准（第106章）
CPSC对特殊玩具、部件和风险的规则制定对以下的内容依据安全要求、安全标签要求和测试方法检查和评估ASTM F963或替代标准的可行性：
➢ 通过摄取或吸入儿童产品中的可吞食物引起的内伤或外伤的风险
➢ 毒性物质 ➢ 球形玩具 ➢ 半圆形物体 ➢ 绳、带子和橡皮绳 ➢ 电池操作玩具
美国《消费品安全改进法案》
（儿童产品安全）江苏出入境检验检疫局轻工产品与儿童用品检测中心
编制人：刘炘