2001医学博士英语统考听力文字
2001医博统考听力题解析原文
2001年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题Paper OnePart ⅠListeningSection A Listening Comprehension ( 10 % )Directions: In this section of the test, you will hear three talks. After each talk, there are three or four questions. The talks and questions will be read only once. You must listen carefully and choose the fight answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.For example: A B DTalk One1. A. It’s a symbol of strength and courage. B. It’s a symbol of power and independence.C. It’s a symbol of competence and courage. D It’s a symbol of strength and confidence.2. A. The polluted fish killed 3, 000 of them. B. Insects poisoned so many of them.C. Pollution greatly reduced their number.D. Pesticides made them extinct.3. A. The bird is not adored any more.B. The bird does not eat the poisonous fish.C. The bird begins to lay fewer and fewer eggs.D. Measures are being taken to save the bird.Talk Two4. A. To go sightseeing in the town-center. B. To lose his way intentionally.C. To pay a visit to the suburb.D. To wander about the streets.5. A. To know more of the city. B. To practice the language.C. To get to know his way around the suburb.D. To while away the hours.6. A. He was unable to find his way back.B. A policeman could help him with his problem.C. He failed to communicate with the policeman.D. All of the above.7. A. The policeman showed him the railway station.B. He found the place where he lived.C. He was misled to a wrong place.D. He decided to stay in the country.Talk Three8. A. A case of active euthanasia. B. A case of passive euthanasia.C. A case of prostate cancer.D. A case of community medical service.9. A. His prostate cancer. B. The right time.C. His wife’s idea.D. Three signatures.10. A. Painfully. B. Apathetically. C. Peacefully. D. Angrily.Section B Spot Dictation ( 10 % )Directions: In this section of the test, you will hear one passage. The passage will be read three times. On your answer sheet, you will read the same passage with 20 words missing. As you listen, read the passage on your ANSWER SHEET and fill in the blanks with the exact words read on the tape. There might be more than one word in a blank.Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediateattractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always 1 for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds 2 by industry—which is naturally far more concerned with 3 because these increase profits quickly—the funds the U. S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about 7 percent of its overall research and development funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to 4 . Then, as Dr. Waterman has pointed out, "Development will 5 prematurely, career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making 6 will be lost. Un-fortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon 7 science, tend to 8 the quality of the nation’s technology in the long run, rather than to improve it. "2001全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题参考答案及解析Paper OnePart ⅠListeningSection ATalk One1. A 录音讲到美国获得独立之后American leaders将bald eagle定为a symbol of their country，因为it’s a bird of strength and courage。
医学考博英语统考听力真题
医学考博英语统考听力真题Conversation 1A.I have a really bad headache.What doyou recommend？B.You can purchase some over-the-counter pain relievers in aisle 6A:Do I need a prescription for those？B:No.You just pick whichever brand you prefer and pay for it at the register.A:Is there a difference between the name-brand pills and store- brand pills？B:Usually there isn’t.Just compare the labels and look for the active ingredientsA: The store- brand is less expensiveB:Usually itis just as effectiveA:I sure hope so because l want to save money and not have an headache1.Where would the woman find the pain reliever?2.What do we know about the store-brand pills?3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 2A: In the last few years， professor Laurie Santos from Yale University has been teaching students about the pursuit of happiness-the most popular course Yale has ever had. Welcome，professor SantosB:Morning.Thank you for having meA:I heard you’ve developed the high school version of this course. So why did you expand the curriculum to high schoolers？B: Well，I started the class by seeing mental health issues in college students.And I quickly realized that many students came to college with those issues.The health statistics for young people are really devastat-ingA: Really?B: Yeah. So l want to give the high school students the tool to improve their well-being and flourish a bit more4.What is the main topic of this conversation?5.What do we know about the health statistics for young people?6.How would Professor Santos’coursehelp high school students?Conversation 3A:As a pediatrician，what do you tell parents when they come in and beg you “Please give me antibiotics for my child? She's sick.B:l am a parent，too.So l understand you want to do something.But antibiotics wont work for viral infec-tions，but only for bacterial onesA:So what can we do in the case of viral infections?B:Unfortunately，we are sort of limited in what we can do.Good old-fashioned chicken soup，fluids and a hu-midifier in the room,elevating the head at bed at night so that they can breathe and sleep.Those are theihings that are really effective7.What do we know about the woman?8.What does the woman say about the treatment for viral infections?9.What are the speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 4A:Now a study finds hospitals that trained their operating room members in teamwork had a lower rate of surgical deaths than other hospitalsB:That's a quite important finding. No doctor wants to make a mistake.That's why doctors are required to be trained in teamwork and communication and tne training seeks to empower each team memberA:Right. The study suggests one of the key elements for training was flattening the hierarchy in the operating room So that everybody， the nurse， the surgeon and the anesthesiologist could bring up any concerns they had about the patientsB:And the more training， the better communications among team members，and the greater the chances that the patients would sunive10.What is the key element of training mentioned by the speakers711.Whatis mentioned by the speakers as the favourable outcome of the training?12.Whatare two speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 5A:Did you know that trees can communicate with each other?B:lnteresting! But how?A:A professor of forest ecology at University of British Columbia observed how logging companies would Cut down diverse forests and replace them with the single tree species. They believe that by removing comp etition， the favored trees would thrive as they would receive more space，water，and sun light.B:ls that so?A:However.the favoured trees were actually more prone to diseases.10%of them would die if the surroun ding trees were removed. Trees communicate through underground network of fungi. The fungi help conne ct trees of different species across the forestsB:That is amazing13.Why would logging companies remove some trees?14.What can be inferred about the result of tree removal?15.Whatis the subject of the conversation?。
2001年英语听力文本(1)
Part I Listening Comprehension听力原文Section A1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone.W: Pay phone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.Q: What would the man most probably do?2. M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure. But I guess it’s an early 18th century work. Let me look it upin the catalog.Q: Where does this converation most probably take place?3. M: I’m worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.W: I’ll try to bring you up today on what we have done.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Hey, Dan, I hear you are meeting Susan’s parents for the first time.M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately her father loves to fish, so we’ll have something to talk about.Q: What can be inferred about Dan?5. W: Professor White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake.M: How could you sleep through it? It’s one of the best that I’ve heard on th is topic.Q: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation?6. W: I’m looking for a quality paper to type my essay. I don’t see any on the shelf.M: I saw some in the stock room in the morning. I’ll go and check.Q: What does the woman want to buy?7. M: It seems we’ll have another fine day tomorrow. Let’s go to the seaside.W: OK, but we’ll have to leave very early, or else we’ll get cut in the traffic.Q: What does the woman suggest?8. M: Do you know James? He’s in your class.W: Certainly, in fact he was the first person I got to know in my class. I still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school.Q: Why did the woman remember James so well?9. W: The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.M: So do I. I don’t see any scratches on the outside and the inside is clean, too.Q: What does the man think of the woman’s car?10. M: Wonderful day, isn’t it? Want to join me for a swim?W: If you don’t mind waiting while I get prepared.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BPassage OneA friend of mine told me that when he was a young man, he went to work as a teacher in one of the states of India. One day he received an invitation to dinner at the ruler’s palace. Very pleased, he went to tell his colleagues. They laughed and told him the meaning of the invitation. They had all been invited and each person who was invited has to bring with him a certain number of silver and gold coins. The number of coins varied according to theperson’s position in the service of the government.My friend’s income was not high, so he did not have much to pay. Each person bound before the ruler, his gold went onto one hip, his silver went onto another hip, and in this way he paid his income tax for the year. This was a simple way of collecting income tax.The tax on property was also collected simply: The ruler gave a man the power to collect a tax from each owner of land or property in a certain area if this man promised to pay the ruler a certain amount of money. Of course the tax collector managed to collect more money than he paid to the ruler. The difference between the sum of money he collected and the sum of money he gave to the ruler was his profit.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What do we know about the speaker’s friend?12. What was the real purpose of the ruler’s invitation?13. What does the passage say about the tax collectors?Passage TwoAround the year 1000A. D. , some people from Northwest India began to travel westwards. Nobody knows why. After leaving their homes, they did not settle down again but spent their lives moving from one place to another. Their later generations are called the Romany people or Gypsies. There are Gypsies all over the world. And many of them are still traveling with no fixed homes. There are about 8 million of them, including 3 million in Eastern Europe. Gypsies sometimes have a hard time in the countries where they travel, because they are different. People may be afraid of them, look down on them or think that they are criminals. The Nazis treated the Gypsies cruelly, like the Jews. And nobody knows how many of them died in Hitler’s death camps.Gypsies have their own language, Romany. They like music and dancing, and they often work in fairs and traveling shows.Traveling is very important to them and many Gypsies are unhappy if they have to stay in one place. Because of this, it is difficult for Gypsies children to go to school. And Gypsies are often unable to read and write. In some places, the education authorities try to arrange special traveling schools for Gypsy children so that they can get the same education as other children. Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. Why did the ancestors of Gypsies leave their home?15. What is the attitude of some people towards Gypsies?16. What measure has been taken to help Gypsy children?Passage ThreeAs the car industry develops, traffic accidents have become as familiar as the common cold. Yet their cause and control remain a serious problem that is difficult to solve.Experts have long recognized that this discouraging problem has multiple causes. At the very least it is a problem that involves three factors: the driver, the vehicle and the roadway. If all drivers exercised good judgement at all time, there would be few accidents. But this is rather like saying that if all people were honest, there would be no crime. Improved design has helped to make highways much safer. But the title of accidents continues to rise because to human failure and an enormous increase in the number of automobiles on the road. Attention is now turning increasingly to the third factor of the accident are the car itself. Since people assume that the accidents are bound to occur, they want to know how cars can be built betterto protect the drivers.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. What does the speaker think are the causes of automobile accidents?18. What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents?19. What remains an important factor for the rising number of road accidents?20. What’s the focus of people’s attention today according to the passage?。
全国医学博士统一考试2001
2001part III vocabulary(15%)1.we are all overwhelmed with more facts and information than we can possibly____A.feedB.maintainC.absorbD.consume2.pleasure,or joy, is vital to ____health.A.optimisticB.optionalC.optimalD.operational3.A ____ effort is required to achieve health.mittedB.restrictedposedD.sophisticated4.A person’s belief ____ and colors his experience.A.contradictsB.shapesC.summarizesD.exchanges5.Many professors encourage students to question and ____ their idearsA.conveyB.voiceC.challengeD.conform6.Y ou are healthy when are ____ your outer and inner environments.A.in relation toB.with regard toC.in contrast withD.in harmony with7. Good health is a spirited____ of energy ,smooth skin,strong,supple limbs,and a positive joy inlife.A.textureB.mixC.burstD.peak8.The ____of emotional and psychiatric disorders that can prompt person to seek therapy is wide.A.formulaB.coverageC.intervalD.spectrum9.Work is a ____ of satisfaction.A.measurB.terminalC.sourceD.resource10.If you ____ a heart-attack or stroke victim who needs your assistance,your first responseshould be to stay calm and urge by standers to call for an ambulance.A.find outB.go intoC.pass bye across11.Today people still don’t make health a(n) ____ because they have no time.A.privilegeB.issueC.principleD.priority12.Mental exercise can favorably ____ the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change one’s bodily proportions.A.modifyB.adjustC.developD.contrast13.The distinctions between the different schools and approaches are often very____A.subtleB.sufficientC.superficialD.superior14.Despite the limitations of a standard CT,it does a ____ job of picture the internal anatomy of the body.A.supremeB.superbC.sufficientD.superfluous15.The city government is getting its residents to properly ____ their garbage.A.break upB.dispose ofC.check outD.hand outPart B同意替换16. The recent deterioration in the economy is of great concern to the government.A.depressionB.deficiencyC.degenerationD.deformity17.A substantial hike in the top rate of income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nation’s already waning support.A.depreciatingB.warningC.decliningD.startlingl18.He was not conspicuously hairy nor shiny-bald,but his hair was graying and receding tactfully in keeping with his age.A.prominentlyB.warilyC.consciouslyD.conventionally19.The water company is obliged to maintain a supply of wholesome waterA.availableB.hydraulicC.balancedD.hygienic20.Smoking makes one six times more likely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly assaults the tissues that line the mouth and throat.A.detectsB.contaminatesC.occupiesD.attacks21.Most organisms must fit in with their surroundings because their skills to alter their environment are restricted and highly specialized.A.attach themselves toB.succumb toC.lean onD.adapt themselves to22.Instead of being recycled,garbage is left to accumulate in insanitary heaps which attract flies and spread infectious diseases.A.innocuousB.gatheringC.filthyD.inflammable.23.The prevalence of highly intelligent devices has elininated the handicaps associated with most disabilitiesA.disadvantagesB.dispositionsC.disappointmentD.discomforts24.In general,lasers operate by creating an intense amount of light and energy which is then converted into heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.A.developedB.reducedC.transformedD.decoded25.Shyness,the most common form of social anxiety,occurs when a person’s apprehensions are so great that they inhibit his making an expected or desired social response.A.dischargeB.triggerC.restrainD.defer vi26.The secret to turning a daily stroll into a meaningful form of exercise is to pick up the pace.A.dilateB.multiplyC.accelerateD.enlarge27.How many people know that the term”arthritis” may refer to dozens of defferent types of joint involvement?A.disorderB.knuckleC.dislocationD.therapy28.Amokers are more prone to osteoporosis,a major cause of fractures in old people, particularly post-menopause women.A.reliableB.liableC.reasonablepatible29.The project was hampered by a constant stream of visitors.A.held upB.cut offC.carried outD.given up30.During the summe r session there will be a revised schedule of services for the university community.A.termB.climateC.heatD.portionPart IV cloze (15%)Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds,while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud.Only during the nineteenth century 31 silent reading become commonplace.One should be 32,however,of assuming that silent reading came about 33 because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual 34of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.The last century 35 a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers,Asreaders increased,so the number of potential listeners declined and 36 there was some reduction in the need to read aloud.As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common,37 came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries,railway carriages ans offices,38reading aloud would cause distraction to other reders.Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and 39whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in 40 way mentally weakening.Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However,41its virtues,the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership42. By the end of the century students were being recommended to 43 attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate,44not impossible ,for the oral reader.The social,cultural,and technological changes in the century had greatly altered 45 the term“reading”implied.31.A. would B.should C.did D.could32.A.wary B.aware C.sick D.thought33.A.correctly B.somply C.amply D.directly34.A.mode B.model C.mould D.mood35.A.saw B.watched C.experienced D.concluded36.A.ever B.thus C.even D.for37 .A. however B. as C. so D.since38.A.which B.whose C.where D.there39.A.of B.in C.against D.over40.A.no B. any C.one D.some41.A. whever B.whoever C.whatever D.whichever42.A.on the other B.in the secind place C.on the contrary D.in hand43.A.adapt B.adopt C.consume D.condemn44.A.whether B.though C.if D.unless45.A.that B.what C.how D.whyPart Vpassage oneDuring the past 30 years or so,health care has increasing become a form of business.In addition , the environment surrounding health care has been greatly altered by the advent of more sophisticated medical technologies and increased specialization.It is no longer true to say that all doctors regard their profession as a sacred calling,and while the doctor-patient relationship still remains,it is not the relationship based solely on trust which it used to be. Of course there are many doctors who have endevored to increase the transparency of their behavior as medical professionals,and patients can receive effective treatment when such doctors work closely together and share notes.An example of such cooperation can be found in the field of remote health care,which has been introduced on an experimental basis in several regions. Since most medical specialists live in cities,patients who live in the country have to travel a long distance to consult a specialist.This is especially hard on the elderly, both financially and physically. Through a computer network,patients who live in the country can consult a medical specialist in the city,tell him their symptoms,and receive advice without the need for a journey to the specialist’s office. Also,withseveral doctors being assigned to a single patient,the transparency of each doctor’s behavior is further ensured.On the other hand,however,it is also true that remote health consultation is not generally regarded as a form of medical treatment.For any sort of consultation to be regarded as medical treatment,most people feel that the patient must actually visit the doctor,and undergo an examination by the doctor in person.Remote health care is essentially a means for doctors to work as a team.In order for this to be practicable,it is important to establish a system wherebyfinancial support can be extended to a doctor who,as a member of a medical team,provides only information. Establishment of such a system will further advance the cause of “free accessto information” in the health care field.46.Where is the best title for the passage?A.Doctors:Patients’ Reliable FriendsB.Health Care in a Dilemarmation Technology Applied to Medical ServicesD.Doctors-patient Relationship47.As a result of the altered environment surrounding health care,medical practice____A.has experienced great changesB.has changed its natureC.has abolished the doctor-patient relationshipD.has lost its trust on the part of doctors and patients48.When they work closely together and share notes, doctors can ____A.work in a remote areaB.transparentize their behaviorC.set up a relationship with patientsD.treat financially and physically disadvantaged patients49.The writer urges that ____A.remote health care be implementedB.doctors be sent to the countryC.people turn down trational medical treatmentD.a system offering doctor’s financial aid be set up50.It can be concluded that ____rmation will play an important part in the field of medical treatmentB.medical professionals will be more specializedC.the difference between cities and the country will never be eliminatedD.it is impossible for patients to be treated without seeing doctors themselvespassage 2For months Gins Cruz,a Manila grandmother,played Pepsi Cola’s “Numbers Fever” promotion lottery,buying several bottoles a day and saving the caps ,in the hope that one of the numbers imprinted inside them would win her a 1 million peso (＄40,000) prize.When the magic number,349,was announced in May 1992,Cruz was overjoyedto find she has not one,but two caps bearing the winning digits.She promptly fainted.“My blood pressure shot up,”she explained later,“probably from drinking too much Pepsi.”Then she learned that her son also had a 349 cap---and she nearly collapsed again.Cruz’s indignation after discovering the next day that she was not,after all,a double millionaire,is shared by thousands of contests who feel equally cheated. Instead of marking out 18 winning numbers,on which Pepsi had planned,a computer had wrontgly generated 800,000.The cmpany explained that it simply did not have the＄32 billion it would take to pay all claimants.The real winners,it said,would be identified by a security codes that had been placed on caps;the losers were offered apologies.When Pepsi’s explanation was not accepted ,a promotion that initially boosted the company’s market share by 5% turned into a mightmare.The winners felt like losers of a second,surprise lottery:the security code had been publicized as an authentication tool,not as a necessary second winning number.Feeling hoodwinked,the players have banded together in protest groups,fanning anti-Pepsi flames at frequent demonstrations and marches. More than 22,000 people holding the 349 number have filed 689 civil suits seeking damages,as well as 5,200 criminal complaints alleging fraud and deception.Some Pepsi employees have received death threats and now change their daily routines to avoid being attacked.Explosives have been thrown at Pepsi plants and offices,and 37 of the companby’s delivery trucks have been stoned,overturned or set on fire.In the worst incident,a school-teacher and a five-year-old girl were killed last February when a grenade pitched at a Pepsi truck bounced off and exploded in front of a store.51.The lottery winners expected to ____A.gain ＄400.000B.earn 800,000 pesoC.win a substantial prizeD.become double millionaires52.The lottery turned into a nightmare when ____A.the number of winners was miscalculated by a computerB.the winners discovered that they had the wrong numberC.the company chganged the winning number to avoid cheatingD.the company failed to pay che winners the prize the deserved53.What did the angry winners do when they felt they were cheated by Pepsi?A. they resorted to law for helpB.they attacked Pepsi employersC.they robbed Pepsi vegicles and storesD.they killed the customers of Pepsi Cola54.It can be inferred from the passage that Pepsi lost ____ in the pomotion lottery.A.5% of its annual profitsB.its market verseasC.its good reputation at homeD.the trust of some of its customerspassage 3Y oung discoverers need not despair---though there are few blanks left on today’s map of the world,there are still unexplored realms to be charted in the depths of the oceans,the most remote recesses of the rain forests and the furthest reaches of outer space.Some scientists speculate there may be 10 million species---perhaps even 100 million----living on the ocean floor that are yet to be discovered.Recent research suggests that all told some 90% of the world’s plants and animals still remain to be described and named (that is ,if their habits are not destroyed before they are even found).Given these remarkable statistics,it’s clear that the physical world still offers intrepidexplorers new frontiers of discovery.In this section on recent discovers of the world around us,TIME travels 500m beneath the surface of the Pacific Ocean with Bruce Robison as he encounters a new species of luminous “jelly,”we make our way deep into the worls’s tropical rain forests,where more than half of all life-forms on the planet live;we look into outer space to examine the role asteroids may have played in mass extinctions of the past and the potential threat they pose to our own civilization;and we ask whether there is life ---intelligent of otherwise ---elsewhere in the universe.John Hemming,former director of London’s royal Geographical Society,arguably the world’s epicenter of exploration,defines an explorer as someone “who goes to the edge of knowledge and brings back something new.” The people profiled in this section fit that description perfectly. The discoveries they have brought back from their explorations form new pieces in the puzzle of how the world works.As the pieces fit together,we get a glimpse of what a strange and beautiful mosaic it is.55.What is implied in Paragraph 1 of this passage?A.Each new discovery offers young explorers new hopeB.All plants and animals must be found before their habitats are destroyedC.Scientists have found more than 100 million species on the earthD.These is still much for young discoverers to explore in the world56.The word “intrepid” in Paragraph 1 most likely means ____A.marineB.professionalC.couageousD.experienced57.What new disvovery is probably presented in the section that follows this passage?A.A rare species of plant in the rain forestsB.a primitive form of life on a remote planetC.a technique of developing steroidsD.A laboratory approach f cultivating marine lives58.The last paragraph tell us____A.what an explorer doesB.why exploration are carried outC.how scientists study the universeD.the effects of scientific discoveries on manpassage 4“Back in the Victorian era,seven out of ten ulcer sufferers were women. By the 1950s ,the trend had reversed,nine of ten were men.Now,the trend is shifting back,ulcer cases are only four times as frequent among men.This may be a consequence of the changing roles of women in the labor market, ”writes Philip Goldberg in Executive Health.Ulcer have long been linked to stress and particular kind of frustration that stems from dissatisfaction with one’s work performance or one’s life.Digestive enzymes gnaw awayat the stomach lining,causing painful sores,or ulcers,which are found mainly in the lining of the stomach or the small intestine.The acids which cause ulcers are triggered by the vagus nerve,which is linked to the brain,Under stress,the brain may stimulate the release of a hormone called gastrin, which ,in turn,stimulatesthe acid secretions.“Although there is no clear-cut ulcer personality,thereis no doubt that emotional tension ,acting through the vagus nerve,can precipitate an ulcer.A person who is under constant strain ,who is anxious,worried,frustrated---regardless of his or her station in life or apparent demeanor---is more apt to develop an ulcer, ”writes Jane Broky in her guide to personal health,adding,“Seemingly calm,relaxed people are as prone to ulcers as the hard-driving,high-pressure kind.Ulcers occur as often in bus drivers,farmers,and construction workers as in business executives and writers with deadlines.It is not the existence of stress,but how a person reacts to stress,that seems to make the difference.”Some women appear to “inherit” ulcers but they also can be caused by aspirin, alcohol, coffee, and cigarette smoking(which may account for the increase of ulcers among women,since smoking among women is on the rise.)It is important to see a physician if an ulcer is suspected,since ulcers can eat through the stomach lining into other organs and occasionally be fatal.Doctors will usually recommend a number of treatments,including emotional counseling and diet changes.Stress-reducing techniques also have been successful in treating ulcers.59.With a quotation from Goldberg,the author is trying ____A.to clarify how ulcers afflict men and womenB.to warn us of the dangers of ulcers in womenC.to explain why ulcer cases have increased again in womenD.to tell us that women have traditionally been more prone to ulcers60.When you are under stress,you will____A.be dissatisfied with your work performanceB.find a painful sore in the lining of your stomachC.have your secretion of digestive enzyme stimulatedD.get your digestive enzymes to release gastrin61.According to Broky,your proneness to ulcers lies in____A.your stressB.your occupationC.your social positionD.your reaction to stress62.It can be inferred from the passage that____A.ulcers are preventableB.early ulcers are hard to detectC.nobody is born with a susceptiable to ulcersD.an ulcer is suspected in any smoking womanpassage 5In a seeming contradiction,the growth of cumputer-augmented work will probably create a need for less-skilled workers rather than the reverse.While early computers required much knowledge and skill to operate,comprehensive software packages have virtually eliminated the requirement for technical knowledge.Indeed,advanced software may lead to a decreased need for certain job-related skills.For example,word processing has reduced the need for secretarial typing accuracy, since mistakes can be corrected quickly and easily with no trace of correction.Spell-checking programs can be relied on to prevent common mistakes,thus decreasing the need for that language skill.We have already encountereed cashiers who have no need to compute a customer’s change. Instead, they merely enter the purchase amount and the the amount offered in payment.The machine calculates thechange and ,in some cases,automatically dispenses it.This effect is seen in more complex jobs,too.Nurses in intensive-care units often monitor several patients from a central station.Digital readouts continuously report patients’vital signs.Alarms sound if values exceed an expected range.Despite the obvious advantages computerization has brought to both patient and staff,some health-care professionals are concerned that they may be losing important“soft”skills.The most important of these may be the intuition born of experience acquired in personally observing hundreds or thousands of patients.The look in a patient’s eyes,the coloring of skin,and the appearance of pain or restlessness are among many indicators used by medical personnel to anticipate changes in patient condition.These cannot be captured on a digital display.It cannot be denied that computers have made great contributions to productivity,nor would any reasonable person encouage scrapping the technology.However,we must pay more attention to human needs,and to the long-range effects of making jobs less interesting and decreasing skill requirements.63.In the first paragraph,the author is talking about____A.the wide use of computersB.the contradictory issue of computersC.the effects of computer-augmented workD.the technical skills to operate computers64.As the author illustrates ,the secretary and cashier____A.become slaves to computersB.enjoy doing computer-assisted workC.do not have to be smart and efficient at workD.do not need to master as many job-related skills as they used to65.As a result of the decreased need for job-related skills in the hospital ,we may ____A.change the nature of medicineB.lose many health-care professionalsC.believe not in patients but in computersD.lose the intuition derived from experience66.It can be concluded that from the passage that the computers’ contributions to productivity are undeniable,____A.and more contributions are expectedB.so is the human dependence on themC.but their consequence effects are worth consideringD.but we can abandon them for the sake of human needspassage 6I was invited to present a lecture to a class of graduate nurse who were studying the “Psychosocial Aspects of Aging.”I started my lecture with the following case presentation:The patient is a white female who appears her reported age.She neither speaks nor comprehends the spoken word.Sometimes she babbles incoherently for hours on end.She disoriented about person,place,and time.She does,however,seem to recognize her own name.I have woked with her for the past 6 months,but she still does not recognize me.She shows complete disregard for her physical appearance and makes no effort whatsoever toassist in her own care. She must be fed,bathed,and clothed by others.Because she is edentulous,her food must be pureed,and because she is incontinent of both urine and stool,she must be changed and bathed often.Her shirt is generally soiled from almost incessant drooling .She does not walk.Her sleep pattern is erratic .Often she awakens in the middle of the night,and her screaming awakens others.Most of the time she is friendly and happy.However,several times a day she gets quite agitated without apparent cause.Then she screams loudly until someone comes to comfort her. After the case presentation,I asked the nurses how they would feel about taking care of a patient such as the one described.They used words such as “frustrated,”“hopeless,”“depressed,”and “annoyed”to described how they would feel.When I stated that I enjoyed taking care of her and that I thought they would too,the class looked at me in disbelief.I then passed around a picture of the patient:my 6-month-old daughter.After the laughter had subsided,I asked why it was so much more difficuylt to care for a 90-year-old than 6-month-old with identical symptoms.We all agreed that it is physically easier to take care of a helpless baby weighing 15 pounds than a helpless adult weighing 100,but the answer seemed to go deeper than that.The infant,we all agreed,represents new life,hope,and almost infinite potential.The dementedsenior citizen,on the other hand,represents the end life,with little potential for growth. We need to change our perspective.The aged patient is just as lovable as the child.Those who are ending their lives in the helplessness of old age deserve the same care and attention as those who are beginning their lives in the helplessness of infancy.67.The author’s case presentation implies that ____A.the patient is hopelessB.the patient is friendly and happyC.che physical problems of elders can be treatedD.the audience would care for the elders like the patient68.To the author,the nurses’s response to her detailed description are probably ____A.expectedB.unexpectedC.disregardedD.criticized69.The suthor passed around a picture of her daughter____A.to learn how to enjoy taking care of a babyB.to learn how to be a good parentC.to discuss infantile symptomsD.to further the topic70.According to the author,the aged patient should be taken care of ____A.if she is lovableB.to change his /her perspectiveC.to expand his/her potential for growthD.as a baby deserving of carepassage 7Some problems can be readily identified simply by looking around.These problems concern the pollution of our environment by technology as a result of sudden upsets in the physic al,economicand social balance.The most obvious of these are the general pollution of our physical environment and the destruction of irreplaceable natural resources.Not so obvious as these ,but juat as painfully significant to some,are the disappearing and changing of jobs which overnight often create large groups of jobless citizens.Can technology be used to undo what it has done,replace what it has destroyed or substitute for what it has caused to disappear?No one knows.Many wonder whether or not all of the sources of pollution have yet been identified,whether or not they are being arrested and whether or not they will be prevented from recurring.Another set of problems relates to what technological advancement has done to the quality of life.An improved social life has not been unfortunately,either the goal or the chief beneficiary of technological change.Rather,any improvements that have occurred have been more accidental than intended.Too much has happened too fast.The changes demanded of marriage and family relationships remain largly unexamined.It is often a matter of“put up or shut up”,and a person has to adapt his life-slyle to ever-changing conditions with little time for choice.The “no-move-no-advancement”type is an example of one such problem.Many people are coming to think that the reward is simply not worthy the struggle,and they are taking jobs with less responsibility and lower pay.71.In the first paragraph the author is mainly talking about____A.environment protectionB.environment and technologyC.technology producing obvious and insidious problemsD.the advantages and disadvantages of technology72.According to the passage,no one knows whether or not technologh____A.will solve the problems it has createdB.will continue to produce conveniencesC.will stop advancingD.will undo itself73.The author would say that technological advancement____A.has done nothing to the quality of lifeB.has improved the quality of lifeC.has harmed the quality of lifeD.has redefined the quality of life74.What do you learn from the “put up or shut up”____A.technology has put a great deal of stress on people’s livesB.People can’t live with the stress caused by technologyC.people are quite active in dealing with the stress caused by technologyD.people are quite passive in dealing with the stress caused by technology75．It can be concluded from the third paragraph that technological advancement has resulted in quick living pace which____A.is harmful to societyB.is socially rewardingC.leads to further improvementD.characterizes modern society。
2001年高考全国卷英语听力试题(含试题、听力音频、听力原文和答案)
绝密★启用前2001年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷英语听力试题2001年高考 全国卷 英语听力音频 双击图标打开收听.mp3（请用电脑，双击上面图标，打开收听）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1.Where did this conversation most probably take place?A.At a concert.B.At a flower shop.C.At a restaurant.2.What did Paul do this morning?A.He had a history lesson.B.He had a chemistry lesson.C.He attended a meeting.3.What can we learn about the man from the conversation?A.He's anxious to see his sister.B.He wrote to his sister last month.C.He's expecting a letter from his sister.4.At what time does the train leave?A.3:00.B.3:15.C.5:00.5.What is the man’s problem?A.He can’t decide how to go.B.He can’t drive himself.C.He doesn’t like travelling by train.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期
医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期在准备2010年博士研究生入学考试医学博士英语科目期间，我进行了一定的听力练习。
现将我所听过的一些听力材料拿出来与大家分享，希望对备考医学博士英语及对英语有兴趣的战友有所帮助。
下面先简要的介绍一下医学博士英语统一考试的听力部分（截止至2010年3月的信息，若有所变动的话，望各位站友指正）。
听力部分包括短对话和短文两部分：短对话共15道题，每题1分，共计15分；短文有3篇，通常由1篇长对话和2篇短文组成，每篇后附有5个问题，共15道题，每题1分，共计15分。
听力分值占整个试卷分值的30%，这充分反映了本考试对考生的英语应用和交际能力的高度重视，同时也对广大考生提出了一个严峻的挑战。
我个人认为，若想在英语考试中取得较为理想的成绩，听力部分的得分应不少于15分。
这就需要大家平时多做这方面的练习，多分析，多总结，在实践中提升自己的听力水平。
在此，本人在医学有声英语版块开展这个系列活动，希望能够起到一个抛砖引玉的作用。
望各位站友积极参加，同时也希望有这方面材料的站友参与活动的主持工作。
活动的听力材料来源于《医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练》，大家可以参考这本书。
第2期活动，仍给出三篇短文的听力录音及问题选择项的文本部分。
望各位站友能按照正式考试的要求，一遍听过，并回答完相应的问题，这样才能了解自己的真实水平。
之后，可以反复多听几次，看看自己那些地方没听明白，那些问题答错了。
规则：1. 听录音，发答案的时间为每期活动开始后的2周内，逾期不给予加分奖励；2周后公布听力录音原文及参考答案并再讨论2周。
2. 答案发帖后请不要编辑，否则不予加分。
3. 答案正确率不低于50%的帖子将给予加分。
Passage 41. A. To find out how to prevent illness.B. To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet.C. To find out if she has the flu.D. To find out the results of a blood test.2. A. She gets ill at the same time every year.B. She doesn’t get enough exercise.C. She often has difficulty sleeping.D. She is sick with influenza throughout the winter.3. A. Cough, running nose. B. Fever, chills.C. DiarrheaD. Head-and-bone-aches.4. A. She is unwilling to be immunized. B. She doesn’t get enough rest.C. She forgets to take the medicine.D. She doesn’t dress warmly enough.5. A. Physical examinations are given free there.B. She can get an influenza vaccination there.C. She will be able to get a prescription for medication there.D. She will find literature on nutrition there.Passage 51. A. A pharmacist. B. A visitor.C. A physician.D. A dieter.2. A. Cough. B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset.3. A. Pain-killers. B. Cough syrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.4. A. The cold weather. B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.5. A. Take the medicine from the woman. B. Go to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days. Passage 61. A. The driver’s birthday. B. A working day.C. A holiday.D. April Fool’s day.2. A. He’ll take his revenge. B. He’ll be surprised.C. He’ll usually laugh.D. He’ll get angry.3. A. He turned to the passengers anxiously..B. He turned to the passengers with a smile.C. He turned to the passengers angrily.D. He turned to the passengers with a worried look.4. A. To stand up suddenly. B. To sit quietly.C. To get off the bus.D. To lean forward suddenly.5. A. The bus started up at great rate. B. The passengers laughed delightedly.C. The passengers got off.D. The passengers got angry.。
学术英语医学听力原文完整版
学术英语医学听力原文完整版<i>如题,这是完整版。
前面部分为字,后面有些单元为截图。
</i>UNIT 1Welcome to Insidermedicine In Depth. I'm Dr. Susan Sharma.Focusing time and energy on the most personally meaningful aspects of their work may help physicians avoid burnout, according to a survey published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Here are some consequences of physician burnout, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine: Increased risk for substance abuseDamage to personal relationships, andIncreased risk for developing inappropriate prescribing patterns Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester surveyed over 550 physicians in the department of internal medicine at a large academic medical center. The survey included questions about job satisfaction, emotional well-being, and the aspects of the jobs that were the most meaningful.As many as 34% of respondents met the criteria for burnout, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The 88% who said they spent at least 20% of their working time on activities they found to be the most meaningful had about half the burnout rate of those who did not.Today's research highlights the need to optimize career fit among physicians in order to reduce burnout rates.For Insidermedicine In Depth, I'm Dr. Susan Sharma.UNIT 2Emerging economies such as China, India and South Africa arediscovering there is a downside to prosperity. As incomes rise, health can decline. On Monday, the U.N. opens a high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases that usually have been associated with western nations.In recent years, India and China have seen a growing middle class. But with greater affluence has come a surge in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer. South Africa is on a similar path. The United Nations will debate what can be done about these illnesses.Project HOPE is calling on the U.N. to take strong action C not only on treatment C but prevention. The health-based NGO has programs in 35 countries on 5 continents, many of them dealing with non-communicable diseases or NCDs.One of them C the HOPE Center C is located in Johannesburg, South Africa. Stefan Lawson, country director for Project HOPE, welcomes the U.N. meeting.“It's the first time that we've had non-communicable diseases put on such a high-level forum. The last time a specific disease was done at this sort of level was for HIV and AIDS. And so, being able to push for non-communicable diseases up at that ministerial level I think will do a lot of good,“ he said.What's for dinner?Lawson said a majority of South African men and women are now overweight.。
2001年6月英语六级听力材料
Example: You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
B) He’s just had his picture taken.
C) He’s on the way to the theater.
D) He’s just returned from a job interview.
10. A) At a gas station.
B) In a park.
C) Most of them live a normal life.
D) Most of them differ in their likes and dislikes.
20. A) They go to a regular school.
B) They attend a special school.
B) She likes to have the air conditioner on.
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Talk one
1. A. It's a symbol of strength and courage
B. It's a symbol of power and independence
C. It's a symbol of competence and courage
D. It's a symbol of stength and confidence
2. A. The polluted fish killed 3000 of them
B. Insects poisoned so many of them
C. Pollution geratly reduced their number
D. Pesucides made them extinct
3. A. The bird is not adored any more
B. The bird does not eat the poisonous fish
C. The bird begins to lay fewer and fewer eggs
D. Measures are being taken to save the bird Talk two
4. A. To go sightseeing in the town-center
B. To lose his way intentionally
C. To pay a vist to the suburb
D. To wander about the streets
5. A. To know more of the city
B. To practise the language
C. To get to know his way around suburb
D. To while away the hours
6. A. He was unable to find his way back
B. A policeman could help him with his problem
C. He failed to communicate with the policeman
D. All of the above
7. A. The policeman showed him the railway station
B. He found the place where he lived
C. He was misled to a wrong place
D. He decided to syay in the country
Talk three
8 A. A case of active euthanasia
B. A case of passive euthanasia
C. A case of prostate cancer
D. A caes of community medical service
9 A. His prostate cancer
B. The right ume
C. His wife's idea
D. Three signantures
10. A. Painfully
B. Apathetically
C. Peacefully
D. Angrily
Section B
Applied research, undertaken to slove specific practical problems,has immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reason, the sums spent on applied research in amy country always(1)---------------------------------for basic research, and the proportions are more unepual in the less develpped countries. Leaving aside the funds(2)-------------by industry--which is naturally far more concerned with(3)---------------------------because these increase profits quickly--the funds the U.S. Government allots to basic research and development funds. Unless adepuate safeguards are provided applied research invariably tends to(4)-------------------------------------------------------. Then , as Dr. Waterman has pointed out , "Development will (5)--------------------------------------------------------------prematurely career incentives will graviate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making(6)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon(7)------------------------------science, tend to(8)-----------------------------------------the quality of the nation's technology in the long run, rather than to improve it."。