TheUnitedStateshastwomajorpoliticalparties1
英语国家概况 习题集
The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries. F1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity. FWhen people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. TCardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. TWhich of the following is NOT true about Britain? DA. It used to be a powerful imperial country in the world.B. It plays an active role as member of European Union.C. It is a relatively wealthy and developed country.D. It used to one of the superpowers in the world.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by ______ D A. King Arthur B. Robin Hood C. Oliver Cromwell D. William the ConquerorWho were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? AA. The Anglo-Saxons.B. The Normans.C. The VikingsD. The Romans.The United Kingdom has been a member of the _______ since 1973. European UnionBritain is now a _______ society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of ______ ethnicity. multiracial, non-EuropeanName two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: ______ and _____. Edinburgh, GlasgowAlthough Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the mainland, it‟s good at getting _______ from abroad, particularly Japan and __________. investment, the United StatesIreland is part of Great Britain. F“Ulster”, referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. TMost British people are Protestants while Irish people are Catholics. TIn the 17th century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because_____________. AA.they wanted to increase its control over IrelandB.they had too many people and didn‟t have enough space for them to live in Britain.C.They intended to expand their investmentD.They believed that Ireland was the best place for themNorthern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for ______. DA.its most famous landmark, the “Giant‟s Causeway”B.its rich cultural lifeC.its low living standardsD.its endless political problemsTo pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was _______ of 1916, in which the rebels occupied Dublin‟s _______ and forced the British to take it back by military means. the Easter Rising, Post OfficeAs Protestants were the majority of the province, they controlled the local _______ , and used that power to support their _______ dominance in the area. parliament, economic and socialIt is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. FThe oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. TBritain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. TBritain, like Israel, has a written constitutions of the sort which most countries have. FWhich of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? AA.It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B.It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C.It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D.It has no written form of Constitution.Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war? CA. James IB. James IIC. Charles ID. Charles IIWhich of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen‟s role? AA.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B.The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C.The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D.The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament are called ________ , and those who supported the King were called _________ . roundheads, loyalistsIn Britain, the official head of state is _____ while the real centre of political life is in ______ . the Queen, the House of CommonsThe British Constitution consists of statute law, _______ and ________ . common law, conventionsThe most important function of the Parliament is to __________ . pass lawsStrictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, _________ and ________.In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. TLiberal Democratic party is the newest of the major national parties. FThe majority of Britain‟s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia and Caribbean countries. FWhich group of people cannot vote in the general election? BA.Members in the House of Commons.B.Lords in the House of Lords.C.The UK citizens above the age of 18.D.The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election? BA.651B. 326C. 626D. 351The UK is divided into _______ constituencies with each of them represented by a member in ____. 651, parliamentThe party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ______ and its party leader becomes_______. The government, the Prime MinisterThere are three major parties in the UK: ________ , the Labor party and _______. The Conservative party the Liberal Democratic party_______ was established by the Labor government in1948, providing health care for all the people. National Health ServiceBy the 1880‟s the British economy was dominant in the world. TBy the end of World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the US and France. FThe leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out, and she was successful in an all-round way. FWhich of the following was NOT the reason for the relative British economic decline since 1945?A.Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.B.Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.C.Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.D.Britain had carried out the nationalization of the business.In the aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain? BA. The US and GermanyB. The US and RussiaC. Germany and RussiaD. France and RussiaSince 1945, the UK economy has experienced _______ decline rather than _____ decline. Relative, absoluteIn 1979, the Conservative party under ______ came into power and carried out a programme of _____. Margaret Thatcher, reform______ is one of the busiest share-dealing centres in the world. The London Stock ExchangeWilliam Shakeapeare is a great poet and much is known of his life. FKeats, Shelley and Byron brought the Romantic Movement to its height. TThomas Hardy, the author of Tess of the D‟Urbervilles, was also a first-class poet. TWhich of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer? AA. The Canterbury Tales.B. BeowulfC. King LearD. Morte D‟ArthurWhich of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? BA.Dr.Faustus.B. Macbeth.C. Framnerstein.D. The TempestWhich of the following writers was the most famous Scottish novelist? DA. D.H. Lawrence.B. Charles Dickens.C. Jonathan SwiftD. Sir Walter ScottOne of the oldest of the early “Old English” literary work is a long poem from Anglo-Saxon times called _______. Beowulf_______ written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. The Canterbury TalesShakespears‟s plays fall into three categories. They are______, ____ and history plays. tragedies, comediesCharlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel ____ and ____ which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man. Jane Eyre, Wuthering HeightsPublic schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. FBritish universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. TAll secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government. FIn Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ______. CA.private schools.B. independent schools.C. state schools.D. public schools.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16_________.BA.can legally receive partly free education.B.can legally receive completely free education.C.can not receive free education at all.D.can not receive free education if their parents are rich.Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. The University of Cambridge.B. The University of Oxford.C. The University of Edinburgh.D. The University of Buckingham.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University? DA.It‟s open to everybody.B.It requires no formal educational qualifications.C.No university degree is awarded.D.University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.The two oldest universities in Britain are _______ and _______. Oxford, CambridgeComprehensive schools provides a general education, teaching students everything from ____ subjects like literature and science to more ______ subjects like cooking and carpentry. academic, practicalIn Britain, people can go to the ____ without having any formal educational qualifications. Open UniversityWhen the Second World War ended, Britain no longer was the largest military power in Western Europe. FThe UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition of its contribution in setting up the United Nations. FBritain is a parliamentary monarch. FThere are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. FWhich countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council? CA.France, China, Germany, Russia and Britain.B.The United States, France, Britain, Germany and Russia.C.China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States.D.China, Britain, France, the United States and Japan.Britain‟s special relationship with _____ is another major factor which influences the British foreign policy. The United StatesThe general direction of Britain‟s foreign policy is decided by ____ and _______. The Prime Minister, CabinetThe British media play an important role in shaping a national culture. TThe British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by licence fees and viewers must buy a licence each year for their TV set. TThe BBC World Service, the international branch of the BBC, broadcasts in English and 42 other languages throughout the world. TWhich of the following is the world‟s oldest national newspaper? CA.The Times.B. The Guardian.C. The Observer.D. The Financial Times.Which of the following is the British daily newspaper? DA.The Telegraph.B. The News of the World.C. The Guardian.D. The Times.Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true? CA.There are no advertising on any of the BBC programmes.B.The BBC is funded by licence fees paid by people who possess television sets.C.The BBC has four channels.D.The BBC provides the World Service throughout the world.______ is regarded as the most left-wing newspaper in Britain. The GuardianThe BBC stands for_________. British Broadcasting CorporationThe traditional of having Sunday off derived from the Christian Church. TEaster is the biggest and best loved British holiday. FIt is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. FWhich of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? CA. Football.B. Tennis.C. BasketballD. CricketWhere is the international tennis championship held? BA.Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. London.D. EdinburghEaster commemorates _____ DA.the birth of Jesus Christ.B.The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ.C.The coming of spring.D.The Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ.Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen‟s birthday? CA.Bonfires.B. The Orange March.C. Troop the Colour.D. Masquerades.There are two kinds of horse racing: flat racing and ______. SteeplechaseTraditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on ______, which is the day after Christmas. boxing dayOverseas Chinese community in Britain often celebrates Chinese New Year with ___ dances and fireworks. dragonWhen referring to Ireland, people mean either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland, a province of Great Britain. TThe area covering the Republic of Ireland is five times of that of Northern Ireland. TMost of the people in Northern Ireland are Catholics while the majority of the people in the Republic are Protestants. FIt was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by _____DA. the VikingsB. the NormansC. Briton BoruD. Saint PatrickIn 1951, _______ declared to be the king of Ireland, the first English monarch to do so. AA. Henry VIIIB. Queen Elizabeth IIC. William of OrangeD. James IIThe whole island has two jurisdictions, one is ______, and the other ______. Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland“The Six Counties” are referred to as ______. Northern IrelandIreland is a republic with a government headed by a Prime Minister, elected directly by the people. FIreland joined the EU in 1971. TUp until 1970‟s the Irish economy was ____. AA.inward-lookingB. trade-dependentC. based on servicesD. based on manufacturingToday, the Irish economy is dominated in many ways by ______. DA.British companiesB. Japanese companiesC. local companiesD. multinationals Ireland is on the _____ of Europe. Western edgeOne of the most notable markers of the way the EU membership has changed Ireland is the status of ____. WomenThe continent of Australia is the largest island in the world. TThe Great Barrier Reef goes along the estern coast of Australia, from Queensland to Tasmania. F80% of Australian‟s population lives _____ CA.in the north, east and southwest of the countryB.in the eastern, central and western areas of the countryC.in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the countryD.in the northern, eastern and western hills of the countryWhen did the British take over the continent of Australia and declare it “terra nullius”? BA.early 15th centuryB. late 18th centuryC. 17th centuryD. 16th centuryIn terms of its size, Australia is the largest ________ and the smallest _____ in the world. Island, continentProtestantism has been the most dominant form of religion in Australia ever since 1788. TThe first documented arrival of Buddhists in Australia was from India. FThe European settlement in Australia started in 1788 in Sydney. TAt the beginning of the settlement, there were roughly equal number of men and women. FWhich of the following was established as free colony? AA. Western AustraliaB. New South WalesC. TasmaniaD. QueenslandThe “Currency children” were ____ than their peers in England. DA.weaker and palerB. better educatedC. poorerD. less criminal_______ was established as a free colony, but turned to convict labour in 1850. Western AustraliaThe first generation of children who were born in NSW were called _____ Currency childrenThe Australian political system follows the Western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American experience. TIt is generally expected that the Governor-General should follow the advice of the Cabinet. TMany migrants poured into Australia during the 1850s. as a result, the Australian population increased by 50% in that decade. FWhich of the following helped to increase the population of Australia significantly? CA.the long wool boomB. the World War IIC. the gold rushD. the minimum wageWhich of the following was NOT source of migrants for the post-World War II assisted migration to Australia? AA.the Middle EastB. BritainC. Southern EuropeD. Eastern EuropeThe Governor-General is _____ DA.the real head of the CabinetB.the head of the House of RepresentativesC.the head of the SenateD.the formal head of the executive branch of the governmentThe immigration Restriction Act was passed in ____. 1901The Governor-General is the representative of ______ the British Monarch_____ and ____ are at the center of the Australian parliamentary power. The Prime Minister, the CabinetNew Zealand is made up of a large group of islands. TNew Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. TNew Zealand was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote. TThe two main land masses in New Zealand are ____ BA.the White Island and the thermal regionB.the North Island and the South IslandC.the Southern Alps and the North islandD.Auckland and the South IslandThe first settlers of New Zealand were ______AA.voyagers from East PolynesiaB.European navigatorsC.sealers and whalersD.Christian missionariesIn 1769, _____ visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain. BA. Abel TasmanB. James CookC. Christian missionariesD. sealers and whalersNew Zealand is in the ____ Ocean. ______ is its nearest large neighbor. Southwest Pacific, AustraliaThe official languages in New Zealand are ___ and _______. English, MaoriNew Zealand has a national identity that mixes _______ and _____ cultures. South Pacific, EuropeanChristopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. TThe first English permanent settlement was founded in California. FBy the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe. TGeorge Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded ad the founding fathers of the United States of America. FWhich of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? DA.the growth of capitalismB.the RenaissanceC.the Religious ReformationD.the spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic ChurchThe following were the main Reformation leaders except_____ BA. Martin LutherB. Martin Luther KingC. John CalvinD. the English King Henry VIIIWhich of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism? AA.separation of state and churchB.respect of educationC.intolerant moralismD. a sense of missionThe following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except___ CA.George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. William PennD. Benjamin FranklinThe theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from______ D A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. John Adams D. John LockeIn 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question “what is an American?” in his book _______. Letters from an American FarmerColumbus discovered the New World in the year of ______. 1492The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today‟s ____ in the year of _______. Virginia, 1607_______ officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation. The American RevolutionThe institution that began to assume the function of a national government during the American Revolution was _______. The Second Continental CongressThe US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. TUnder a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term. FToday, the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of North and west. TWhich of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? BA. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. MarylandWhich of the following statement is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, AA.there was a Bill of Rights in the ConstitutionB.there was no Bill of RightsC.the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights andprivileges of citizensD. a “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.Which of the following is NOT a power of the president? CA.the president can veto any bill passed by CongressB.the president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occurC.the president can make lawsD.the president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and derectivesregarding the work of the federal departments.Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? CA.the freedom of religionB.the freedom of searching a person‟s home by policeC.the freedom of speech and of the pressD.the right to own weapons if one wishesThe following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except ______ DA.the Bill of RightsB. the judicial reviewC. the political party systemD. the powers of the presidentThe Constitutional Convention was held in the year of ____ and the president of the Convention was _______ 1787, George WashingtonThe US federal government consists of the following three branches: the executive, _____ and _____ the legislative, the judicialThe Congress is divided into ______ with 435 members who serve two-year term, and ____ with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms. The House of Representatives, the SenateThe Supreme Court is composed of _____ chief justice and ___ associate justices. 1,8The two major political parties are _, which is thought to be more liberal, and ______, which is believed to be more conservative. The Democratic party, the Republican partyAlexander Hamilton was the third president of the United States. FThe first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill. TWhen people buy stocks, they become part owner of the company. TThe first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of _____. BA. New YorkB. Rhode IslandC. ConnecticutD. GeorgiaThe “American system” of mass production was first used in _ CA.car industryB. textile industryB.firearms industry D. agricultureThe United States was rated ______ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population. CA.secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifthThe first Secretary of Treasury of the United States was ____. Alexander HamiltonWhen starting a business or launching new ventures, money was needed. That money was knownas____ capitalThe best-known stock exchange is ___ located in ____ area of New York City. New York Stock Exchange, Wall StreetRip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fenimore Cooper. FBefore Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. TAmong the more than 1500 poems Emily Dickson wrote, she seldom touched upon the subject of death. FWhich of the following is considered an American masterpiece? DA. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC. “The Masque of the Red Death”D. Moby DickThree of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is NOT? DA.Ernest HamingwayB. Eugene O‟NeillC. William FaulknerD. F.Scott Fitzgerald_______ was NOT written by Hamingway? AA.Light in AugustB. The Sun Also RisesC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell TollsIn 1852, aNew England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled ________, which intensified the political debate on slavery. Uncle Tom’s CabinMark Twain‟s ______ is considered the greatest novel in American literature. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnAfter World War I, many novelists produced literary works of disillusionment. Some of them lived abroad and were known as the “_______” Lost GenerationThe representative work of the “Beat Generation” Alan Ginsberg‟ poem _______HowlAccording to the author, large universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive. FIt takes at least four years to get a bachelor‟s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. THarvard College was originally founded to train government officials. FIn the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? CA.Elementary school, grammar schoolB.Elementary school, junior schoolC.Elementary school, secondary schoolD.Junior high school, senior high schoolThree of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception? BA.Harvard UniversityB. the State University of New YorkC. Yale UniversityD. Priceton UniversityBoth public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _____ A. A.investment B. student tuition C. endowments D. government fundingAbout 90% of American students go to ______ schools and 10% attend ____ schools. Public, privateThe Puritans introduced _______ education for all children in the 17th century. CompulsoryPublic and private colleges depend on three sources of income: ________, endowments and _____ student tuition, government fundingWhich of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? AA.the aggressive nature of these groupsB.racial prejudice against themC.low social status of these groupsD.poverty and unemployment among minority groupsWhich of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? DA.briberyB. tax evasionC. false advertisingD. robberyAny group other than the dominant white_______ majority is a minority group in American society. Anglo-Saxon ProtestantFormer President _______ said that crime is America‟s “number one enemy.” NixonPresident Nixon resigned from office in the year _____, fir his involvement in the ______1974. the Watergate AffairAt the end of the 19th century in America, folk music could only be found in the state of New York. FIn the early 1920‟s, jazz flourished in Chicago, which emerged as the creative center for jazz. TAccording to the Author, jazz music gains acceptance in all classes in American society because of the following reasons. Which is the exception? DA.it initially appealed to the young and rebelliousB.jazz musicians worked Indian American music into the musicC.jazz music was made modified and became more refined.D.Both A and CBlues derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is _______ DA. a form of rock …n‟ roll singing popular among American teenagersB. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countriesC. a form of country music singingD.the Creole from the West IndiaJazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by ______. African-AmericansIn the early 1920‟s, jazz music flourished in two American cities, one in _______, and New York, which had its jazz musicians in the Afro-American district called _______ Chicago, HarlemCanada is the largest country in North American continent. TThe majority of the Canadian population live in an area not far away from the Canadian-US border. TToronto is the biggest city and the capital of Canada. FWhich of the following statements about Canada is true? CA.Canada has the highest standard of living in the world.B.Canada is the second largest economy among the Big sevenC.Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small populationD.Unlike the United States, Canada has scarce natural resourcesWhich of the following is NOT one of the prairie provinces? CA.AlbertaB. SaskatchewanC. New BrunswickD. ManitobaWho first came and settled Canada? BA.British colonistsB. French colonistsC. American colonistsD. Spanish colonistsCanada‟s motto is that the country stretches “from sea to sea”, with the ______ Ocean on the west coast and the _____ Ocean on the east coast. Pacific, AtlanticThe westernmost province in Canada is BC---_______. The _______ are Canada‟s breakfast while Ontario and Quebec are actually the industrial heartland of the country. British Columbia, prairies/prairie provincesThe first major European settlements were established in _______ in 1604 and ___ in 1608. Nova Scotia, Quebec。
The two major political parties of the Britain
卡梅伦 保守党参加英国大选
The two major political parties of the Britain
Labour Party Labour Party ,British political party, was one of the two dominant parties(执政党) in Great Britain since World War I. The Labour party was founded in 1900 after several generations of preparatory trade union politics made possible by the Reform Bills of 1867 and 1884, which enfranchised urban workers. Although the Labour Representation League(劳工代表委员会 ), organized in 1869, elected parliamentary(议会的) representatives, they were absorbed into the Liberal party(自由党). 英国工党标志
The two major political parties of the Britain
Conservative party Conservative party, formally the Conservative and Unionist party(保守与统 保守与统 一党 ).Its predecessor(前身) is Tory party(托利党 ) ,which was founded in 1679. The party has the longest history in Britain. And it also has the most mumbers in Britain.
新版英美概况复习习题_
新版英美概况复习习题_新版英美概况习题英国部分：一、名词解释1.The City of London2.King Harold3.The Vikings4.King Arthur5.King Alfred6.The Anglo-Saxons7.General election8.Prime minister9.Divine right of the king10.Oxbridge11.The Bill of Rights of 168912.The function of the parliament13.Different classes of Great Britain14.Elizabethan Drama15.Wuthering Heights16.Grammar schools17.tertiary industries18.The open university19.Christmas20.Football hooligans21.The invasion of the Romans22.The Great Charter/Magna Carta23.The Glorious Revolution24.the Battle of Hastings二、简答题1.The Canterbury T ales2.William Shakespeare3.relative decline of the UK economy4.Robert Burns5.Wimbledon International Tennis Championship6.Soccer7.the Easter Rising8.Robert the Bruce9.Boxing Day10.Halloween11.Robin Hood12.Union Jack13.Hereditary peers14.Easter uprisings15.The full name of the UK and the capital of each part16.The Romantic poets17.The Industrial Revolution18.Public schools19.One Hundred Years’ War20.General election21.the “Three Circles” foreign policy三、论述题1.The relation between the Queen and the government2.The establishment of the colonies of the UK3.The classes of the UK4.The relative decline of Great Britain美国部分：一、名词解释1.Puritans2.The Declaration of Independence3.George Washington4.Benjamin Franklin5.California Gold Rush6.The Bill of Rights7.Eli Whitney8.Wall Street9.an indentured servant/doc/d316531671.html,pulsory education of the USA11.Segregation Law12.Melting pot13.Michael Jordan14.The purchase of Alaska二、简答题1.The establishment of Virginia2.The Articles of Confederation3.The three branches of the American government4.The American Industrial Revolution5.James Fenimore Cooper6.Mark Twain7.American Civil War8.The New Deal9.The Lost Generation10.Ernest Hemingway11.Different kinds of American schools12.The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act13.The American Dream14.The purchase of Louisiana三、论述题1.Why the USA is called a nation of immigrants?2.The democratic system of the USA3.The American Civil War4.Why do the Americans consider sports very important in their life?5.The success of Franklin Roosevelt’s New DealMultiple Choice:1. Which of the following CANNOT be found in London?A. TeahousesB. GalleriesC. MuseumsD. Theatres2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, was built by _____.A. King HaroldB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the Conqueror3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans4. The United Kingdom is made up of _____ parts.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five5. The capital of the Scotland is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. EdinburghD. Cardiff6. The first inhabitants in England are the _____.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Danes7. The first invaders to England in 43AD were the _____.A. NormansB. VikingsC. GermansD. Romans8. King Arthur is a well-known king from the legends of the _____.A. JutesB. Anglo-SaxonsC. DanesD. Normans9. “William the Conqueror” defeated and killed the English king in the Battle of _____.A. LondonB. CalaisC. HastingsD. Canterbury10. The king who was executed in the 17th century was _____.A. William IB. Henry IC. Charles ID. George I11. The Scottish king _____ defeated the English army in theBattle of Bannockburn, leading to300 years of full independence for Scotland.A. William WallaceB. Robert the BruceC. James ID. Canute12. The leader of the republican “roundheads” was _____ who killed the king in the 17th century.A. Oliver CromwellB. Robert BurnsC. Winston ChurchillD. Robin Hood13. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A. The House of CommonsB. The House of LordsC. The Prime MinisterD. The two big parties14. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Treasure IslandD. Ivanhoe15. which of the following tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. FrankensteinC. HamletD. Sense and Sensibility16. In Britain, the greatest majority of parents send their children to _____.A. private schoolsB. public schoolsC. state schoolsD. grammar schools17. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centreD. The sports centre.18. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I19. Which of the following DID NOT belong to Romanticism?A. KeatsB. ShellyC. WordsworthD. Defoe20. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of CambridgeB. The University of OxfordC. The University of EdinburghD. The University of Buckingham21. Which of the following is NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development ofEurope?A. The growth of capitalismB. The RenaissanceC. The Religious ReformationD. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church22. The following are the founding fathers of the United States except _____.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. William PennD. Benjamin Franklin23. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of _____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution24. The following are the writers of the Declaration of Independence except _____.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin25. The man who named the American primitive people “Indians” is _____.A. Amerigo VespucciB. Christopher ColumbusC. Henry HudsonD. John Cabot26. The Seven Year’s War was fought between Britain and _____.A. SpainB. HollandC. FranceD. Portugal27. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland28. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president29. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC. The freedom of speech and of the pressD. The right of owning weapon if one wishes30. The New Deal was started by _____.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson31. The “American system” of mass production was first used in _____.A. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture32. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. bankingB. management consultationC. airlineD. steelmaking33. The United States was rated the _____ in the world in terms of land area and the size ofpopulation.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth34. In which year was the USA rated NO. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920B. 1950C. 1945D. 196035. The USA produces as much as half of the world’s _____.A. wheat and riceB. cottonC. tobacco and vegetable oilD. soybeans and corn36. The latest technology that the American farmers have adopted is _____.A. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers37. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Natty BumppoC. Washington IrvingD. Rip Van Winkle38. Which of the following was written by James Fenimore Cooper?A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC. The Masque of the Red DeathD. Moby Dick39. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education40. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmastersD. boards of education41. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _____.A. investmentB. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding42. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot?A. Mark TwainB. Stephen CraneC. Henry JamesD. Israel Zangwill43. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s main concern?A. health careB. personal freedomC. material wealthD. social justice44. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. the US militaryB. the US entertainment industryC. the US film industryD. the US education sector45. Niagara Falls is located in the State of _____.A. New YorkB. VirginiaC. North CarolinaD. South California46. If you visit Alaska, you can see the following except _____.A. northern Polar LightB. glaciersC. surfersD. caribou47. The Everglades, du bbed with the name of “the River of Grass”, is _____ containing a largecollection of wildlife.A. a green riverB. a deep valleyC. a subtropical wetlandsD. a small island48. Michael Jordan is a famous player of _____.A. footballB. basketballC. baseballD. tennis49. Ronald Reagan used to be a _____.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer50. Which of the following remarks is NOT true about Hawaii?A. Hawaii is made up of a large group of big and small islandsB. There are numerous active volcanoes in HawaiiC. More than 40 percent of the local residents in Hawaii are American AsiansD. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941Fill in the blanks:1.The United Kingdom consists of __________, __________, __________, and _____________.2.The English language has three stages in its history. They are _______________,_______________, _______________.3.The novel Robinson Crusoe was written by____________________.4.The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from_______, not from _________.5.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ______ and its party leaderbecomes_______.6.Normally a government of the United Kingdom can be in power for____years, and then it hasto resign and hold a general election.7.The “Jewel in the Crown”of the British Empire____, which provided _______ and a bigmarket for British goods, gained independence in 1947.8.Since 1945, the UK has experienced ______ decline rather than _____ decline./doc/d316531671.html, two of the tragedies written by William Shakespeare:___________________, _____________________.10.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel __________________and ____________________ which are largely the love stories ofa woman for a man.11.The author of Ivanhoe was _______________, Charles Dickens novel ___________________tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.12.The two oldest universities in Britain are _________________ and _____________________.13.American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.They were______, _______, and _______./doc/d316531671.html, two of the taxes imposed on North American colonies by the British Parliament on theeve of the American Revolution: ___________________ and ___________________.15.After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called______, and theagreement that guided the government was________.16.A federal system is one in which power is shared between______ and______with some rightsreserved to each.17.Two major political parties in the USA are_______ and _______.18.The best-known stock exchange is________ located in________ area of New York City.19._______ and ___________ are the two major writers of the post-revolutionary period./doc/d316531671.html, two of Ernest Hemingway’s famous novels: ____________________________, and ___________________________________________.21.About 90% of the American students go to ___________ schools and 10% attend_______________ schools.22.In the Declaration of Independence (1776), Thomas Jefferson wrote the classic words whichwere widely acclaimed as the traditional values by all Americans, they are: “_____, _____, _________”.23.By the 1960s, the Foreign Service began to recruit its members through a highly competitivetest open to all, regardless of______, ______, and________.。
英语国家概况练习题
UKTrue or False1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe.2. The United Kingdom consists of four politicaldivisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3. England is one of the two large islands in the BritishIsles.4. The British Isles are made up of three large islandsand hundreds of small ones.5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of GreatBritain.6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free associationof independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain.7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, anddeep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautifulscenery in Europe.8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames.9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh innorthwest England.10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, awarm ocean current that sweeps up from theequator and flows past the British Isles.FFFFFFTFFT1. The British Isles are made up of _______.A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. England.B. Scotland.C. Northern Ireland.D. Wales.3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year _______.A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ______.A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. BelfastCCBDABADB1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population.3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain.4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people.5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales.6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people.9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain.FTTFTFTFFT1. The English people and the English language were born from the union of ________.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Romans and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and __________.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistan5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and _______ is rural.A. 90% ; 10%B. 80% ; 20%C. 70% ; 30%D. 60% ; 40%6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons7. The average population density in Britain is ______ people per square kilometer.A. 250B. 370C. 800D. 5008. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _________ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except _________.A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except _________.A. Union JackB. conservativenessC. the BeatlesD. Thanksgiving DayDADDAAADDD1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue.4. The Black Death once ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.5. During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the HundredYears’War began.6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster.7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country8. James’son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given.9. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration.FTTFTTFTT1. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ________.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by _________.A. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor3. English Reformation was carried out by _______ to change the religionin England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC. Mary ID. Elizabeth I4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the _______ which restricted the King’s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _______.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. liberty6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as _______.A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _______ in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen _______’s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is _______.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacDonaldD. MacmillanDBBDA AACA1. Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence.2. Britain does not have a written constitution.3. Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life of a Parliament.4. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.5. The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition.6. Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.7. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.8. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.TTTFFTFF1. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ___________.A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. ancient documents2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___________ Members of Parliament.A. 650B. 660C. 670D. 6803. British Conservative Party was formerly called _______ Party in the 18th century.A. WhigB. ToryC. LiberalD. Nationalist4. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ___________, by ___________.A. the King; the Prime MinisterB. the Queen; the Prime MinisterC. the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s GovernmentD. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government5. ________ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England.A. The monarchB. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope6. In Britain the citizens aged ____________ or over have the right tovote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 307. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ____________ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House8. The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _____________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Green Party9. Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ____________.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring warD. examining the actions of the governmentAABDA BACC1. Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system.2. A Magistrates’Court sits with a jury.3. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary.4. Officers in Great Brain do not normally carry firearms.5. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor.6. The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the County Courts.7. House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.8. Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.9. Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day.10. If a person is charged with murder, and hasinsufficient means, he must be granted legal aidTFFTF TFFTT1. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the _______ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A. guiltB. impartialityC. innocenceD. honesty2. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of _________ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18B. 19C. 20D. 213. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___________ in Scotland.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 154. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by _________.A. the policemenB. the juryC. the judgeD. the sheriff5. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is _________.A. the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB. the Court of AppealC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the House of Lords6. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of ________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General7. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ____________.A. the Magistrates’CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court8. The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as _________A. Justices of the PeaceB. stipendiary magistratesC. Justices of LawD. part-time magistrates9. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in __________.A. the District CourtB. the Sheriff CourtC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the Crown CourtCADBA CCAC1. A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world.2. John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.3. A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy.4. In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its gross domestic product.5. The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”.6. Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly rawmaterials.7. Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other members of the European Union.8. The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.9.Today, the City of London is the centre of Londonwhere government departments are located.10.The trade union movement in Britain is becomingstronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment.TFFTFFTFFF1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and1960s was based on the theory of _______.A. Adam SmithB. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx2. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced ______.A. economic recessionB. economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression3. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’sagriculture?A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for itspeople.4. In Britain less than ________ of the population are farmers.A. 2%B. 4%C. 6%D. 10%5. In the ______ Britain became a net exporter of oil.A. 1960sB. 1970sC. 1980sD. 1990s6. To stimulate economic recovery, the ThatcherGovernment carried out all the following policies but______.A. privatizationB. interventionismC. deregulationD. market liberalization7. Britain is the ____ largest trading nation in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth8. British oil fields were discovered on the _______.A. English ChannelB. Irish SeaC. Norwegian SeaD. North Sea9. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?A. Microprocessors.B. Computers.C. Biotechnology.D. Motor vehicles.BBDAC BDDD1. The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services.2. The National Health Service (NHS) is now a largely free service.3. Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems.4. Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percentage increases in retail prices.5. General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients.6. In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).7. Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge.8.Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty.9.Most British people now live in detached houses.TTTFF FFFF1. The National Health Service (NHS) was established inthe United Kingdom in _________.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492. ________ is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards3. In Britain, children up to the age of ______ canreceive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 164. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirementbenefits, begin for women at the age of ________.A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 655. In England the NHS is managed by the ________.A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department6. The National Health Service in Britain provides a fullrange of medical services for _______.A. employeesB. residents aged between 18-60C. every residentD. residents aged over 607. Social Security in the UK is the government’s mostexpensive program, costing _____ of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%8. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a ______.A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner9. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for _______of the adult population in Britain.A. 60%B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%10. Houses have traditionally been divided intofollowing types EXCEPT ______.A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached houseCBDCB CCCBD1. In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on a regular basis.2. Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century.3. Under the Act of Settlement 1701, the British monarch is required to be a member of the Church of England.4. The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury.5. Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.6. In 1994 the first women were ordained as priests in the Anglican Church.7. The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control.8. The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the Free Churchesin Britain.9.The UK has the second largest Jewish community in Western Europe.10.Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom without interference from the state or the community, religion in Britain is separated from politics.FFTF FTFF TF1.________ is the largest of the Free Churches.A. The BaptistsB. The Methodist ChurchC. The Roman Catholic ChurchD. The Church in Wales2. Established Churches in Britain are ___________.A. Church of England and Church of WalesB. Church of Wales and Church of ScotlandC. the Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland3. The Free Churches do NOT include _________.A. the Church of EnglandB. the Methodist ChurchC. the Baptist ChurchD. the United Reformed Church4. The principal non-Christian communities in Britainare _______.A. the MoslemsB. the BuddhistsC. the HindusD. the Jews5. The Church of Scotland is a ________ church.A. MethodistB. BaptistC. PresbyterianD. Catholic6. In Great Britain, the ___________ is uniquely relatedto the Crown.A. Church of EnglandB. Church of ScotlandC. Church of IrelandD. Church of Wales7. The members of _______ in Britain have also beenknown as dissenters or nonconformists.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the Church of EnglandC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Free Churches8. The Church of England has two provinces. Theyare ________.A. Canterbury and YorkB. London and YorkC. Durham and CanterburyD. London and WinchesterBDADC ADA1. Parents are required by law to ensure that their children receive compulsory full-time education between the age of 5 and 16.2. Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attends comprehensive schools.3. Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universal and free state primary and secondary education.4. The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK.5. The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools.6. In the UK, public schools are publicly-funded schools.7. Universities and higher education colleges enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant.8. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years tocomplete.9. The Open University was intended to give opportunities to adults who have been unable to take conventional higher education.10.More than 70 British citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science, second only to the United States.TTFFFFFTTT1. There are some _______ universities in Britain, including the Open University.A. 70B. 80C. 90D. 1002. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _____________ centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th3. The usual age for transfer from primary to secondary schools is _____________ in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.A. 14B. 13C. 12D. 114. In Britain, private schools are often called ______.A. comprehensive schoolsB. grammar schoolsC. secondary modern schoolsD. independent schools5. In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses of a standard higher than ________ or equivalent.A. GCE O-LevelB. GCE A-LevelC. GCE AS-LevelD. GCSE6. In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes the following EXCEPT ____________.A. readingB. writingC. arithmeticD. science7. The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT _________.A. University of LeedsB. University of LiverpoolC. University of ManchesterD. University of Glasgow8. The leading scientific society in Britain is ________.A. the British Association for the Advancement ofScienceB. the Royal InstitutionC. the British AcademyD. the Royal SocietyCADDB DDD1. People in the UK spend most of their free time in the pub.2. The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeare’s birthplace.3. With the emergence of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who, British popular music led the world from the early 1980s.4. The British Library, the national library, is one of the world’s three largest.5. The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is The Times.6. The Channel 4 is state-owned, though it operates in a commercial way.7. The national sport of the UK is rugby.8. Cricket is popular in all the four home nations.9. Golf was born in Scotland.10. Tennis is the highest profile sport for the two weeks of the Wimbledon Championships.FFFTF TFFTT1. The largest and the most important museum in Britain is ____________.A. the British MuseumB. the Victoria and Albert MuseumC. the Imperial War MuseumD. the National Gallery2. Britain’s most popular pastime is ____________.A. reading newspaperB. watching TVC. playing footballD. horse racing3. The Times is a ____________ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. quality SundayD. mid-market daily4. The Daily Mirror is a _________ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. popular SundayD. mid-market daily5. Football has its traditional home in ___________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. FranceD. Italy6. _____________ is the most typical English sports.A. FootballB. RugbyC. CricketD. Horse racing7. Of the following four sports, _____________ has the longest history.A. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby8. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from _________.A. ManchesterB. LiverpoolC. LondonD. EdinburghABABA CABUSA1. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.2. The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.3. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some of the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.4. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter.5. New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.6. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region.7. Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition.8. The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.9. Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries. 10. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.FTFFT FTTTF1. The United States of America is the ____________ country in the world in size.A. largestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the south?A. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?A. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in __________ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ___________ climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ___________.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ___________.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandDBDBB ACDBA1. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.2. The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies.3. When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy.4. The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement,demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.5. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.6. The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s.7. Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.8. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992.TFFFF FFF1. The British established 13 colonies along _________.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because _________.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territories。
高三英语政治制度单选题40题
高三英语政治制度单选题40题1.The United States has a ____ government.A.presidentialB.parliamentaryC.monarchicalD.socialist答案：A。
美国是总统制国家，presidential 符合。
B 选项议会制不适合美国；C 选项君主制不是美国的政治制度；D 选项社会主义也不是美国的政治制度。
2.Britain has a ____ system.A.presidentialB.parliamentaryC.monarchicalD.socialist答案：B。
英国是议会制国家，parliamentary 正确。
A 选项总统制不是英国的制度；C 选项君主制单独不是完整的政治制度描述；D 选项社会主义不符合英国。
3.China is a socialist country with a ____ leadership.A.people's democraticB.presidentialC.parliamentaryD.monarchical答案：A。
中国是社会主义国家，坚持人民民主专政，people's democratic 符合。
B 选项总统制不符合中国；C 选项议会制不是中国的制度；D 选项君主制不是中国的制度。
4.In a democratic country, people have the right to ____.A.voteB.rulingC.monarchyD.dictatorship答案：A。
在民主国家，人们有投票权，vote 正确。
B 选项ruling 是统治，人民不是统治而是参与投票等；C 选项君主制不符合民主国家；D 选项独裁不符合民主国家。
5.The political system of France is ____.A.presidential-parliamentaryB.parliamentaryC.monarchicalD.socialist答案：A。
【优质】英语国家概况精讲系列chapter 14~22
chapter 14(14章）population.Race and Ethnic groups 必背细节1.The United States of the American is the third most populous county in the world after Chind and India.美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。
2.Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth,The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigtants from independence until 1960s.Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration recep tion spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。
3.Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992.Between 80% and 90% of immig ration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。
4.Arizona,Nevada,and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.在过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。
英语国家概况教案(总)Word版
Teaching Plan of The Society and Culture of Major English–speaking Countries Course material: The Society and Culture of Major English –speaking CountriesAn IntroductionTeaching Objectives:To introduce the society and culture of major English–speaking countries : the United States ,Canada ,the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and New ZealandThe main task for the course: to help students to know the major English–speaking countries’ the general knowledge about thePhysical geographyHistoryLanguage, customs, religion and activities and social problemsPolitical systemEducationArts and literatureEconomyTeaching Methods:general introduction /brief account (of focal points/ a survey )by the teacher ; students’individual work; pair-work; group-work in 4-6 students, analysis of difficult points by the teacher;show maps ; play video or film concerning with the corresponding cultureslink with websitesTime Allotmentgeneral introduction /brief account (of focal points/ a survey )by the teacher in the first step; students read the text or extra materials to discuss the focal points in the second stepplay video o/ film or link websites to explore the more culture in the third stepThe United States of AmericaChapter 1 American BeginningFocal PointsMeaning of the being an American according to CrevecoeurTwo immigration movements to the AmericasThe religious ReformationThe forces that brought about the modern development of EuropeThe heritage of the settlement of VirginianPuritanism and the influence of Puritanism on American cultureWilliam Penn and his heritage in American cultureThe Causes and major leader of the American revolutionThe Declaration of IndependenceI.Meaning of the being an American according to CrevecoeurIn the book , Letters from an American Former, the French theology Grevecoeur , posed the American was a new man with the strange mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants. This mew man left behind him all the ancient European traditions and received new ones in the new world . In North America, all individuals of all nations ,were melted into a new race of the American . This new man acted upon new principles, entertained new ideas and formed new options.II.Two immigration movements to the AmericasThe American continents were peopled as result of two long continuing immigration movements ,the first from Asia ,and the second from Europe and Africa.III. The forces that brought about the modern development of Europe1.the d evelopment of capitalism( economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit ,rather than by the state), the growth of capitalism produced two new classes – the bourgeois class and the working class;2.the Renaisance (the period of the revival of art and literature in the 14th ,15th and16th centuries based on classical form),which was marked by a changing outlook on life .3.the influential force was the Religious Reformationin 1517 ,Martin Luther, started to reform the Catholic Church in England ,King Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and set up the Church of England, These reforms reflected the rise of nationalism in Europe.IV.The heritage of the settlement of Virginianin 1619 ,the delegates elected from various communities in Virginia as the House of Burgesses met with the governor and his council members to discuss the enactment of law for the colony. This the first meeting of an elected legislature ,a reprehensive assembly. It was thought to be the early embryonic form for the future democracy of the U.S.And a Dutch ship brought over 20 Negroes into Virginia , a start had been made toward the enslavement of Africans within what was to be the American republic. These white people fought for seeking their own freedom ,meanwhile they deprived black African freedomWhat happened here produced the American early culture: self-reliance; democracy; freedom V. Puritanism and the influence of Puritanism on American cultureIn New England, these Puritans were the Protestants who followed the doctrine preached by John Calvin and they wanted to purify the Church of England. They had some different beliefs from the Catholic Church .They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church or good works could save people.The sign of being God's elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God's will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture. Puritans’ legacies have a great impact on American society and culture. They have a kind of sense of mission: they hoped to built “ a city upon hill –an ideal community ”.Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nation a strain of often intolerant moralism. This produce American values such as individualism, hard work , respect of education .Catholic MarylandFollowing the early American culture in Virginia and New England , the pattern in the colony of Maryland was founded by Catholics. The founder was the second Lord Baltimore, he carried his father’s will ,who was converted from Church of England to Roman Catholicism, to wish to introduce a feudal system similar to the manor system in Europe to his colony. Even though he encouraged the immigration of Protestants as well as Roman Catholics ,due to the various factors in the New Land ,because the Protestants majority were capitalistic-minded people and refused to carry out the feudal plan, and because the wilderness of North America provided plenty of land while labor was scarce, the feudal experimental plan was dropped ,the colony followed acapitalist development roadVI. William Penn and his heritage in American cultureWilliam Penn was an English Quaker, the founder of Quakerism,who wanted to establish a colony for persecuted fellow religious believers. He assured religious freedom and easy terms for land in Pennsylvania to those Europeans who wished to settle in his colony. In his Holy Experiment, he encouraged the spirit of liberty and equality and carried out the policy of separation of state and church. He set no restrictions on immigration and naturalization was made easy for non-English Europeans. The idea of Melting –pot was first practiced here (p 16 ,Note 60).All this has left rich heritage to American culture: liberty and equalityThose four patterns set by the early colonial leaders were filled with meanings for the future development of the AmericanVII. The Causes of American revolution and major leadersAfter the Seven Year’s War between England and France , Britain won , the Peace of Paris was signed between them , which gave Britain title to Canada and all of North America east of the Mississippi River, This led directly to a conflict with its American colony.Stamp Act was passed ,British government charged new taxes on sugar , coffee , textiles and other imported goods; and With passage of the Stamp Act special tax stamps had to be attached to all news- papers ,pamphlets, legal documents and licensesThe Quartering Act passed, the colonies to house and feed British soldiers.major leadersGeorge Washington, Thomas Jefferson, (John Adams),Benjamin FranklinVIII. T he Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and was adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of governments: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingTwo Treatises of Government, the Letters Concerning Toleration, The Reasonableness of Christianity and Some Thoughts Concerning Education.Unit 4 the United States Political SystemFocal Points(Note: P=page, L-Par.=last paragraph , F- Par.=first paragraph )Discuss "The Patriot"Points of Discussion - American BeginningsThe Political System of the USA:The Results of the War of Independence (p 44 L-par , p52 F-paragraph )The Results of the Constitutional ConventionThe background of the making of the U.S. Constitution(p53 Par2, 54 Par1,2 )Par2, s 1,2) and the two fear in writing the Constitution((p55 par2,3,4)The three branches of the federal government and their functionThe reasons for checks and balanceThe Bill of Rights (p 58 L-Par)Political partiesOverview of the United States Political SystemThe US is the oldest continuous democracy in the world. It was established in 1789, although not all features of the system were as democratic as they are now.Key Facts•The US is a Federal system. This means that power is divided between a central/national government and the States. The national government is referred to as the Federal Government.•There are 50 States. (A complete list is here. The list of original 13 States is here.)•The Federal Government has three branches/arms:o Legislative Brancho Executive Brancho Judicial Branch•The Legislative Branch consists of:o House of Representativeso Senate•The Executive Branch consists of:o The Presidento The Cabineto The Federal Departments and Agencies•The Judicial Branch consists of:o The Supreme Courto Other Federal Courts•The partiesI. The background of the making of the U.S. Constitution and the ConstitutionAfter the war of Independence was over ,the Treaty of Paris recognized the independence of the U.S. and the former 13 British colonies became 13 states of the new nation . But the U.S. was not the one unified nation as it is today .According to the Declaration of Independence the 13 states were the united colonies ,otherwise they were not clear about :the future political system of the U.S.;the relationship between the states ;the government of the new nation.So the Article of Confederation(2)was born. Then the new nation of the United States was organized under the agreement of the Articles of Confederation with a weak national government called the Congress. Each state had its own government, made its own laws and handled itsinternal affairs. The states did not cooperate with the Congress and with each other. The Congress had no power to force any state to contribute money to the national government and the Congress could not tax any citizen either. As a result, the Articles of Confederation failed.But the congress handled the problems and needs that the individual state could not handle alone Question 1What problems would the Congress handle ?(p 21 ,p 2)Many Americans worried about the future of the new nation.Question 2What did Many Americans worried about?(p 22,p2)Thus a constitution (4)was badly neededQuestion 3 (3)What is the federal system?(p22, 2-p1)Question 4In writing the Constitution the delegates should deal with two main fears shared by most Americans , what are they?(p22-23, Ss in group of 4-6)II. The three branches of the federal government and their functionIn order to guard against the first fear of people the delegates set up a government consisting of three branches : the executive, the legislative and the judicial.(5,6,7)III. The reasons for checks and balanceChecks and balance ,this system works in many ways to keep serious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.IV. The Bill of RightsIn order to guarantee the freedom or the basic rights and privileges of citizens and further protect against tyranny , a “Bill of Rights’’(8) was added to the Constitution in 1791The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendment added to the Constitution in 1790,which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individual by the government, such as ,it guarantees Americans’freedom of speech, of religion, of the press; to guarantee the right to assemble in public places, to protest government actions and demand change.; the right to own weapons ; neither police nor soldiers can stop ad search a person without good reason. They can not search a person’s home without legal permission from a court; the right to speedy trial if accused of a crime. There are 16 amendments to the constitution as of 1991.V. Political partiesToday ,the United State has two major political partied : democratic Party (George Walker Bush ,Obama )and Republican Partythe symbol donkey , the elephentQuestion for thoughHow the three branches supposed to check and balance each other ?Unit 5 American EconomyCauses that brought about the American industry developmentsIndustrial revolution in America _the development of American industry(give some examples) Corporation and stock shareThe roots of America’s affluenceThe success and problems of American agricultureI. Causes that brought about the American economic developmentsQuestion 1(p 33, p 1 -3)What brought about the American industry developments?II. Overview of how the American economy worksII. Industrial revolution in America _the development of American industry(give some examples)(2 ,5,6)III. Corporation (7)and stock(9)Ⅳ.The roots of America’s affluence(10,11)Hispanic AmericansThere’re three large groups of people . The largest is the white race and they are almos t all from Europe. The second is the black race and they are almost all from Africa. The third is the Hispanic race and they are almost all from Mexico and Central AmericaⅤ.The success and problems of American agriculture(p 40 p3 ; p41,p 2 p42, p2) Question for thought:Why do you think there are still so many people involving in buying and selling stock which is a risky business.（300-500 words）Unit6Religionin in United StatesDiscussion Points-：Public and Private Behavior“W ASP” cultureReligious LibertyProtestantsCatholicsThree FaithsReligious DiversityAmerican Character of ReligionOverview of American religionAmericans with different religions live together under the same law. American main-stream culture was developed from "WASP" culture and that people who settled in the 13 North American colonies that would become the United States were mostly Protestant believers. I．“WASP” cultureWASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant", is believed to be the basis of the II．Religious LibertyThe U.S. has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movement. Frontier American provided plenty of room to set up a new religionBy the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds of Protestants lived in America.(1)Lutherans had come to America from Germany.( 2) The Dutch Reformed Church flourished in New York and New Jersey.(3)Presbyterians came from Scotland and (4)Huguenots from France. (5)Congregationalists, as the Puritans, dominated in Massachusetts and the neighboring colonies, known as New England. (6)Protestants lived side by side in relative harmony. The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a "revival" movement which sought to breathe new feeling and strength into religion, cut across the lines of Protestant religious groups, or denominations .**Relationship between the government and religion (p49)The Unites States would have no state-supported religion. The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbade the new federal government to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice, or exercise, of religion.The First Amendment insured that American government would not meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens.The government supports all religions. Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths.But government does not pay ministers' salaries or require any belief not even a belief in God -- as a condition of holding public office. Oaths are administered, but those who, like Quakers, object to them, can make a solemn affirmation, or declaration, instead.The truth is that for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats all religions alike at least as far as is practical. When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise, American courts must settle them.II.Protestants（p 6-7）Catholics in the U.S.(3,4)(Protestants covers 4 large groups : the Baptist, Methodists , Presbyterians and Episcopalian)III.Three major faiths in the U.S.(5)**Christianity : protestant ,Catholic and the Orthodox Eastern ChurchIV. Religious diversityThe U.S. has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movement. Frontier American provided plenty of room to set up a new church or found a new communityAmish ; Utopias; Mormons; evangelical Protestants; Orthodox Jew ;Jewish; the Islam religion; Buddhism; HinduV.Characteristics of American religious beliefs(6)Question for thoughtWhat are some of the feature in region that are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in EuropeUnit7American LiteratureOverview of American LiteratureAmerican literature has recorded the story of a quest taken different forms at different times1.Early fictionmajors writers and their masterpieces. of the post-Revolutionary period:Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper2.Transcendentalists(3)Ralph Waldo Emerson,The core idea of Transcendentalist(P102 F- par.)Henry David ThoreauTraditional American values(P102 par-3.)3.Power of Imagination(P103 par-2)Edgar Allen PoeNathaniel Hawthorne,Herman Melville4.New Visions and AmericaWhat was American New voice? (P103 L-par )Walt Whitman5.Reform and liberationHarriet Beecher StoweWhat intensified the political debate on slavery?6. RegionalismWilliam Dean Howells, Samuel ClemensMark Twain and his writing style, (P105 par-2)Emily Dickinson7.A new wavethe naturalists (P106 par-3)Henry JamesStephen Crane8.the ModernistsEzra Poundthe "Modem Movement" in poetry (P108 par-3)T. S. Eliot9.the "Lost Generation"What is Lost Generation(P108 L-par )F. Scott Fitzgerald, ErnestHemmingway and his writing style, (P109 par-2)William Faulkner10.the Harlem RenaissanceJohn Steinbeck11.Depression Realism and EscapismMargaret ,Mitchell, Joseph Heller12.the "Beat Generation"What is Beat Generation？(P111 par-4)Overview of the Mississipp RiverI.writers and their master works of the post-Revolutionary period . Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper（2，3）II.Transcendentalists(3)Ralph Waldo Emerson, (The American idea of success)Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson, whose original profession and calling was as a Unitarian( of the Christian religious sect which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity and believe that God is one person 一位论派) minister, left the ministry to pursue a career in writing and public speaking. Emerson became one of America's best known and best loved 19th century figuresHenry David Thoreau(3)III.Power of ImaginationEdgar Allen Poe,EDGAR ALLAN POE1809 - 1849‘Quoth the Raven, “Nevermore”’*This site is dedicated to the work of Edgar Allan Poe, who is considered one of the most gifted writers of American literature. Over 120 of his short-stories and poems as well as collections of his articles and criticism is available here and can be read on line and searched.Nathaniel HawthorneNathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, to a family that had been prominent in the area since colonial times. A rich lore of family and local history provided much of the material for Hawthorne's works. When Nathaniel was four, his father died on a voyage in Surinam, Dutch Guinea, but maternal relatives recognized his literary talent and financed his education at Bowdoin College. Among his classmates were many of the important literary and political figures of the day: writer Horatio Bridge, future Senator Jonathan Ciley, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and future President Franklin Pierce. These prominent friends supplied Hawthorne with government employment in the lean times, allowing him time to bloom as an author. Like James Fenimore Cooper, Hawthorne was extremely concerned with conventionality; his first pseudonymously published short stories imitated Sir Walter Scott, as did his 1828 self-published Fanshawe. Hawthorne later formally withdrew most of this early work, discounting it as the work of inexperienced youth. From 1836 to 1844 the Boston-centered Transcendentalist movement, led by Ralph Waldo Emerson, was an important force in New England intellectual circles. The Transcendentalists believed that human existence transcended the sensory realm, and rejected formalism in favor of individual responsibility. Hawthorne's fiancé Sophia Peabody drew him into "the newness," and in 1841 Hawthorne invested $1500 in the Brook Farm Utopian Community, leaving disillusioned within a year. Hawthorne's later works show someTranscendentalist influence, including a belief in individual choice and consequence, and an emphasis on symbolism. As America's first true psychological novel,The Scarlet Letter would convey these ideals; contrasting puritan morality with passion and individualism.Herman MelvilleAmerican author, best-known for his novels of the sea and his masterpiece MOBY-DICK (1851), a whaling adventure dedicated to Nathaniel Hawthorne. "I have written a wicked book and feel as spotless as the lamb," Melville wrote to Hawthorne. The work was only recognized as a masterpiece 30 years after Melville's death. TYPEE (1846), a fictionalized travel narrative, was the author's most popular book during his lifetime."All that most maddens and torments; all that stirs up the less of things; all truth with malice in it; all that cracks the sinews and cakes the brain; all the subtle demonisms of life and thought; all evil, to crazy Ahab, were visibly personified, and made practically assailable in Moby Dick. He piled upon the whale's white hump the sum of all the general rage and hate felt by his whole race from Adam down; and then, as if chest had been a mortar, he burst his hot heart's shell upon it." (from Moby-Dick)4.New Visions and AmericaWalt Whitman5.Reform and liberation(5)( Mississippi : Landscape)(baidu )Harriet Beecher Stowe6.RiginalismWilliam Dean Howells, Samuel ClemensMark Twain and his writing style ,Emily Dickinson7.A new waveThe background that arose the New WaveHenry Jamesthe naturalistsStephen Crane8.Rebellious SpiritsSherwood Anderson (characteristic)9.the ModernistsEzra Poundthe "Modem Movement" in poetryT. S. Eliot10.the "Lost Generation"F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemmingway and his writing style, William Faulkner11.the Harlem RenaissanceJohn Steinbeck12.New DramaEugene O'Neill13.Depression Realism and EscapismMargaret ,Mitchell, Joseph Heller14.the "Beat Generation"15.black writers, and women writers。
英美文化判断题汇总
英美文化判断题汇总第三单元1、It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy（民主）in the world2、In Britain, the process of state-building（国家建设）has been one of evolution rather than revolution, contrast to France and the US（与法国和美国相比）3、The oldest institution（机构）of government in Britain is the Monarchy （君主政体）4、The divine（神圣的）right of the king means the sovereign（主权）derived（派生的）his authority（权威）from his subjects（主题）5、As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute（绝对）power6、The term “parliament（议会）” was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons（封建贵族）and representatives from counties and towns7、Britain is both a parliamentary democracy（议会民主制）and a constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制）8、Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have9、Common laws are laws which have been established（建立）through common practice（实践）in the courts（法院）第四单元1、In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances（情况下）2、Anyone who is eligible（符合条件的）to vote with 500 pounds as deposit（存款）can stand as an MP（国会议员）3、Each main party is given some time on national TV to “sell” their policies. The time is not given free and has to be paid by the party4、The amount spent in national campaign（运动）is not limited other than that on TV5、Secrecy（保密）is not an important part of the voting process6、There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text7、Liberal Democratic（自由民主）party is the newest of the major national parties8、Children from the upper-middle-class（中上层阶级）usually have a better education than those from the working or middle-class9、The majority of middle-class people today have working class parents or grandparents10、One of the distinctive features（独特的特征）about the British class-system is that it has also retained（保留）a hereditary aristocracy （世袭的贵族）11、The majority of Britain’s recent immi grants have mainly come fromNorth Asia（北亚）and Caribbean（加勒比）countries12、Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming musicians13、The majority have problems of unemployment published its Household Energy Management Strategy（家庭能源管理策略）14、On March 2, 2010, the British government publish its Household Energy Management Strategy15、On December 27, 2009 the TN Climate（气候）ChangeConference was held in Copenhagen16、According to the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）, the government has agreed that the UK will meet tough targets（艰难的目标）to reduce carbon emissions incrementally（增量）between now and 2020第七单元1、The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy（读写能力）and the other basic skills but also to socialize（社交）children2、The state seldom interferes（干扰）with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught3、The enduring feature（持久特征）of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in schools4、The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools （中学）and universit ies “meritocratic（精英）”5、Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government6、British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government7、All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised （监督）by the government8、In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee9、Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector（部门）and tuition（学费）rates, with some government support10、Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general educationworld.美国部分Unit41. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unified nation as it is today. was not2. The agreement that set this plan of cooperation among different states after the War of American Independence was called the Constitution of the United States. the 联邦条款3. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong centralgovernment. 联邦制4. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 国会5. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term. two terms6. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 众议院the Senate 参议院7. The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. 人权法案8. The idea of checks and balances as a way of restricting governmental power and preventing its abuse was first provided in the Federalist Paper. 制约与平衡9. Today, the United State has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by the people in the states of the North and West. 民主党，共和党10. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote to be a candidate for public office. 公职do not have toUnit 6 Religion in the United States1. During the War of Independence and many years after that theAmericans were mostly concerned about religious freedom.Americans? minds during the War of Independence and for years afterward.2. According to the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported region. 联邦政府不得给予任何宗教以特殊优惠。
英语国家概况复习指南
英语国家概况复习指南一、各章重点练习上册：Unit 1，PP. 15-17Part 1. 1,Britain is no longer an imperial country.2,the Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.4, the stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.5. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. 6, the Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British.12 the title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition.Part 2. 2, characteristics of London: the culture centre, the business centre, the financial centre5, the Tower of London, is historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by William the Conqueror6, the Anglo-Saxons were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England9the majority of people in Scotland live in the Upland.Part 3. 6 Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire, in the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from NormansUnit 3, PP. 46-48Part 1. 1. It is no doubt that the Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world2. In Britain, the process of the state-building has been one of evolution rather than revolution, in contrast to France and the US3,the oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy.4, the divine right of kings means the sovereign derived his authority from his subject7. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy8. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have.9. Common laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts.Part 2.1, characteristics of British government: it is both a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, it is the oldest representative democracy in the world, it has no written form of constitution.2, Charles I , the king, was executed in the civil war.4, about the Great Council: it included barons and representatives from countries and towns, it was sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money, it represented the aristocrats as well as communities.6, about the Constitution: it is the foundation of British governance today, Conventions and laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution, the common laws are part of the Constitution.8. The descriptions of the Queen‟s role: the Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state, acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister, is the temporal head of the Church of England.Part 3. 2, The doctrine of the …divine right of kings‟ held that the sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subject8, in Britain, the official head of state is the Queen while the real centre of political life is in the House of Commons9 The British constitution consist of statute law, the common law and the conventions.11. Strictly speaking the Parliament today consist of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.12. life peer should be nominated by Prime Minister and appointed by the sovereignPart 4. 1(In 1688, King James Ⅱ‟s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politicians and church authorities to take the throne, on condition that they would respect the politicians of Parliament. The Bill of Rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.)Unit 4, PP. 65-68Part 1.1, In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances.2, anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP8, children from the upper-middle-class usually have a better education than those from the working or middle-class.10, one of the distinctive features about the British class-system is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy.11. the majority of Br itain‟s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia and Caribbean countries.Part 2. 1. Lords in the House of Lords cannot voted in the general election, members in the House of Commons, the UK citizens above the age of 18, the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.2, the House of Commons is a” vote of no confidence” decided.4, at least 326 seats in the House of Commons should a party hold in order to win the election5 the description about the Conservative party: it has been in power for an unusually long period of time, it prefers policies that protect individual‟s rights and it receives a lot of the funding from big companies, 8, about the life peer: they are not from the aristocratic families, they earned their titles through their outstanding achievement, the titles cannot be inherited by their children.10 the characteristic of the hereditary aristocracy in the UK: the noble titles can be inherited by the children, they usually own historic houses in the country, the senior members can be lords in the House of LordsPart 3. 2, the party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms the government and its party leader becomes the Prime Minister.7, There are three major parties in the UK; the Conservative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party11. A university teacher would probably read a newspaper like The Guardian while a manual worker would probably read The SunPart 4. 1(General election are very important in western democracy.According to the author, they provide opportunities for people to influence future government policies and to replace those incompetent political leaders.)Unit 5, PP. 82-83Part 1. 1,by the 1880‟s the Britain economy was dominant in the world.3, by the end of the World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the US and France5 in the 1970s, with the soaring price of oil and high rates of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. In 1979, the Labour party had to step down from the government., 6the leaders of Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out, and she was successful in and all-round way Part 2. 1, about the UK economy: Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies, Britain has experienced a relative economic decline in1945, some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita2. the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945: Britain did not invest modern equipment and new products, Britain spend a high proportion of its national wealth on the military, Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.Part 3. 2, a low rate of domestic industrial investment coupled with a very high rate of overseas investment is a characteristic of the UK economy.3, since 1945, the UK economy has experienced relative decline rather than absolute decline. 5, in1979, the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher came into power and carried out a programme of reform.7the UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: primary industries, second industries and tertiary industriesPart 4.1, 2(The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945. But this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one. Britain is wealthier and more productive than it was in 1945, but since other countries developed more rapidly, it has slid from being the second largest economy to being the sixth.The British economy went through a particularly bad period in the 1970s, with high rates of inflation and devaluation of the Pound. Therefore, in the 1980s, when the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher was in power, an extensive programme of privatization was carried out. Many state-owned business (such as steel, telecom, gas, aerospace) were turned into private companies. Privatisation was successful in controlling inflation but at the same time unemployment rate increased rapidly.)Unit 7, PP. 116-118Part 2. 1, in Britain, the great major of parents send their children to state schools 2, in Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can legally receive completely free education 4, The University of Buckingham is a privately funded university in Britain8,National Curriculum included: children must study the subject like English, mathematics, science and so on. Children must pass the national tests, and teachers must teach what they are told9. About the British education system: it‟s run, funded, supervised by the state,Part 3. 1, the two oldest universities in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge2,two famous public schools mentioned in the text are Eton and Winchester8 Comprehensive schools provide a general education, teaching students everything from academic subjects like literature and science to more practical subjects like cooking and carpentryUnit 8, PP. 129-131Part 1. 1, when the Second World War ended, Britain no longer was the largest military power in Western Europe4, the Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain‟s foreign policy.5,the main government department involved is the Foreign and Commonwealth Office(FCO)9. Britain is not a member of the NATO due to its disagreement with some European countries on defence policy.Part 2.2, China, Russia, France, Britain, and the United States are the permanent members of the UN Security Council3, Britain ruled a third of the globe in its imperial prime4,the present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by some of the following factors: its imperial history, its geopolitical traits, and its special relationship with the United States6 Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in the United Nations, the EU, NATO, etc.Part 3. 1, when the Second World War was over, Britain was active in setting up the United Nations and became one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council2,the present foreign policy of Britain is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits5, the general direction of Britain‟s foreign policy is decided by the Prime Minister and Cabinet7. According to the author, Britain is a parliamentary democracy, so the government‟s foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its electorate.10Britain spends more money on defence than most other developed nations and it is the third largest spender in the world and is ranked the fifth or the sixth in terms of its military powerPart 4.5(In the author‟s opinion, the Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies.There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.)Unit 9, PP. 144-146Part 1. 5, The Advertising Code ensures that advertisements are legal, decent, honest and truthful.7. the Telegraph readers, for example, will be soft on crime, be quite feminist and interested in green politics.Part 2. 3, About British media: they supply people with news, keeping them informed of w hat‟s happening in the world, they help shape British culture, they provide entertainment.10. about the tabloids: they are often called “the gutter press”, they mainly deal in scandals and gossip about famous people, they carry stories with colour photos and catchy headlines.Part 3.8. for a long time the BBC had two channels. BBC One entertains people with sports, drama, current affairs, etc.; BBC Two provides special interest audience with documentaries and shows12. the media have many functions. They provide people with information about political and social problems. They carry advertising and also play an important role in forming a national culture.Unit 11, PP. 183-185Part 1. 3. Most of the people in Northern Ireland are Catholics while the majority of the people in the republic are Protestants6. After the Great Famine, there was a rapid decline of population and many Irish people emigrated to other country.8. Although the language of the Celts survived through history, their language is not the official language.Part 2. 2. In 1541, Henry VII declared to be the king of Ireland, the first English monarch to do so6. the word …Ireland‟ is used ambiguously to mean both the Republic and Northern Ireland 9．The Celts were warrior peoplePart 3. 1. Ireland is situated off the northwest coast of Great BritainUnit 12, PP. 202-204Part 1. 3. In Ireland, the President is only a symbolic Head of State and does not have executive powers8. The highest in ranking in the Irish legal system is the High Court, which has full jurisdiction and power in all matters of law.Part 2. 4, Up until 1970‟s the Irish economy was inward-looking6. All residents of Ireland, regardless of citizenship are qualified to vote at local elections Unit 15, PP. 254-255Part 1. 4. Dreaming is shared by the members of an indigenous group about how the features of their land were created.5. Dreaming helps the indigenous people to survive in the harsh environment of the desert of Australia7. European travelers declared the continent of Australia terra nullius before the British didPart 2. 1. Wombat, Koala and Kangaroo are native Australia animal,5. In late 18th century, British take over the continent of Australia and dec lare it “terra nullius”7. Under the assimilation policy, the aboriginal people should forget their own culture and take on the white culture.Part 3. 4. Most of Australia‟s population lives in the Mediterranean and temperate climates.8. Young indigenous women were forced to help the white settlers in sealing, which was one of the first industries of AustraliaPart 4.5(The policy of assimilation was implemented at the beginning of the 20th century. It was founded on the belief that the white culture was progressive and superior while the indigenous culture was inferior. To implement the policy, indigenous children were taken away from their parents to be put into protected reserves, whose purpose was to destroy the culture of the Dreaming and replace it with Christianity. The impact of the policy is devastating on the indigenous people, as their children grew up losing both their families and culture. In nature, it is the extension of the policy of segregation.)Unit 16, PP. 271-273Part 1.1, Dreaming is about a people being at one with the country which means that people do not own the land, but the land owns the people who have responsibilities of guardianship towards it2 Anglicanism is the British particular form of ProtestantismPart 2. 1, Salvation Army, Methodism and Congregationalism are different versionsof Protestantism2 Islam, Judaism and Hinduism are not, but Buddhism is now the fastest growing non-Christian belief system in AustraliaUnit 17, PP. 283-285Part 1. 1, The European settlement in Australia started in 1788 in Sydney5. The convict husbands of free wives could be assigned to work for their own families as ticket-of –leave servantsPart 2. 6, The Wakefield Scheme was implemented most thoroughly in South Australia8Today there are more” blended families” as people separate and remarry, bringing their two sets of children into their new partnershipUnit 18, PP. 295-297Part 1. 1, The Australia political system follows the Western democratic tradition, reflecting British and Northern American experience7. The …shadow cabinet‟ of the opposition can take over the government when there is a constitutional crisis10. Difference in Australia is now represented by three political parties whose basic conflicts now centre around both class and environmental issuesPart 2.1The gold rush helped to increase the population of Australia significantly 5. Tariff rates have lowered has happened in Australia economyPart 3. 3,.In the massive post-World War 11 immigration programme, Australia favoured the migrants from Britain than those from Southern and Eastern Europe7. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are at the centre of the Australian parliamentary power下册Unit1Part 13. Most of New Zealanders live in cities and towns with more people living in the South Island than the North Island4. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life5. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protectionPart 2.3. Factors contribute to New Zealand‟s environmental achievement: Favorable geographic features, Low population and a late development of industry4. New Zealand‟s three largest ethnic groups in term of population are new Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific Island8. In 1769, James Cook visited New Zealand and claimed it for BritainUnit 2, PP. 28-29Part 1. 2, New Zealand Parliament has two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Representatives8. New Zealand has now four major markets, with the United States being the biggest onePart 2. 1. The House of State of New Zealand is the British monarch4. The three levels of local government are regional councils, territorial authorities, and community boards6. Major exports of New Zealand: dairy products, fish, woolUnit 3, PP. 48-49Part 1. 3.The first English permanent settlement was founded in California4. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from the Roman Catholic Church5. the state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers7. by the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe8 .George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as thefounding fathers of the United States of AmericaPart 2.1, the American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants was correct around the time of the American Revolution4, some of the characteristics of Protestantism; challenging the authority of the Pope, salvation through faith .establishing a direct contact with God5, American values come from Puritanism: respect of education, intolerant moralism, a sense of mission8 the theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from John LockePart 3.6, Martin Luther was the first to star the Religious Reformation and next important leaders of the Reformation was John Calvin11, two most important principles of the Holy Experiment were the spirit of liberty and equality, and separation of state and church,13name two of the taxes imposed in North American colonies by the British Parliament on the event of the American Revolution: the stamp tax and the tea taxUnit 4, PP. 60-621.When the war of independence was over, the Unite State was one unified nation as it istoday3.the US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government6, the president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives9. Today, the United State has two major political parties, one is the Democratic Party formed before 1800, the other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West10, Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public officePart 2. 5. The legislative is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes(it can also declare war or put foreign treaties into effect)6. The powers of the president: can vote any bill passed by Congress, has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur. Has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal department9. The powers of the president is written into the Constitution in 1787 the Bill of Rights, the judicial review, the political party system are notPart 3. 5, A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constitution parts with some rights reserved to each.6. The US federal government consist of the following three branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial.7. The Congress is divided into the House of Representatives with 435 members who serve two-year terms, and the Senate with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms9. The Supreme Court is composed of 1 chief justice and 8 associate justices.Part 4. 2, (A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constitution parts, with some rights reserved to each.4.The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to theConstitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.)Unit 5, PP. 77-79Part 1. 1. Alexander Hamilton was the third president of the United States3.The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill.5.Many people believe that the economic freedom of capitalism is crucial to America‟seconomic success.6.The stockholders make profits even when the company loses money7.One reason for America‟s affluence is that a lot of people have inherited wealth from theirparentsPart 2. 2. T he …American system‟ of mass production was first used in firearms industry 5. A part of the service industry: Banking, Management consultation, AirlinePart 3. 4. The best-known stock exchange is the New York Stock Exchange located in the Wall Street area of New York City6. The Constitution of The United State bars all kinds of internal tariffs, so manufacturers do not have to worry about tariff barriers when shipping goods from one part of the country to anotherPart 4.4(Corporation is a form of business organization. Compared with the sole proprietorship and the partnership, the corporation may survive the death of its founder or founders. Because it could draw on a pool of investors, it is a much more efficient tool for raising the large amounts of capital needed by expanding business.And it enjoys limited liability, so investors only risk the amount of their investment and not their entire assets.)Unit 8, PP. 130-131Part 1. 4. One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted bya college is his/her scores on the School Aptitude Tests5. According to the author, lager universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.6. It takes at least four years to get a bachelor‟s degree from an institution of higher learning in the USPart 2. 3. In the US school systems, the divisions are Elementary school and Secondary school8.In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the followingrequirements: high school records and recommendations from their teachers get good scores in the SAT.9.Harvard University, Yale University and Princeton University have large endowmentsfrom wealthy benefactors.10.T o get a bachelor‟s degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following:attending lecture and complete assignments, passing examinations, earning a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at collegeUnit 14, PP. 232-235Part 1. 1. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism andinterventionism since World War II2.The founding of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 and theWarsaw Pact in 1955 split the world into two military blocs. And the Cold War began 6, when Ronald Reagan become president in 1982, he wanted to beat the Soviet Union in the space of technology race and so he initiated the Star Wars project7, in 1948 President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine, which is generally regarded as the formal declaration of the implementation of the US containment foreign policy8. After Korean War, the US made necessary adjustment and adopted a strategy of contraction.9. At the end of the Second World War, a concrete wall, separating East and West Berlin, was built which became the symbol of the Cold War11. After the Step.11 terrorist attack, anti-terrorism became a priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all over the world.Part 2. 1, the American foreign policy up to WW II can be described as swinging between isolationism and internationalism.6, what did US mean by containment? It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breaking out of its sphere of influence.7, Vietnam War last about 20 years8. In 1972, President Nixon made a trip to China to improve relations with People‟s Republic of China10The Clinton Administration made the following elements: national security, economic prosperity, promotion of democracy. the three pillars of American foreign policy Part 3. 1. Up to the Second World War, American foreign policy can be described as swinging between isolationism and interventionism2, The founding of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955 split the world into two military blocs with a large number of non-aligned countries in between. Arms race began11.U nder the Clinton Administration, the US national strategy was engagement andexpansion, which means the US would take a more active part in world affairs and would more actively promote market economic and American style democracy in the world. Part 4. 2, (The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s. By containment, the US meant that it would use whatever means, including military force, to prevent the Soviet Union from breaking out of its sphere of influence. In order to contain communism, the US fought two was in Asia: the Korean War and the Vietnam War.3.When George W. Bush became president in 2001, he said his top advisers pursued astrategy that has significantly changed some of the principles that have been practiced in American foreign policy for years. This strategy has two prominent elements: unilateralism and faith in military strength. The review policies and international agreements from the point of view of American national interests. If they think any international agreement is not in line with American national interests, they will not hesitate to discard it.))Unit 17, PP. 294-295Part 1. 1, Canada is the largest country in North America continent3, the majority of Canadian population live in an area not far away from the Canadian-US border4.Newfoundlanders have an Irish accent because their ancestors came from Ireland8. Canada became a country in 1949 with the entry of Newfoundland into the Union.Part 2. 1. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population.5.French colonists first came and settled in Canada6.Statements about Central Canada: early European settlements started from here, morethan half of Canada‟s population live in here, it has the largest cities like Toronto and MontrealUnit 18. PP. 308-310Part 1. 3, the Governor-General is the representative of the Queen and is the head of the government4,the Canadian parliament is divided into an upper house called the House of Commons, anda lower house called the Senate.6. the Constitution Act was introduced by Brian Mulroney to ensure Canadian‟s legal rightsPart 2. 1. The Prime Minister is the most influential person in the Canadian government2,The Bloc Quebecois party represents the most interest of Quebec.5. Ontario and Quebec are densely populated in Canada9. Quebec is the home of the most French-speaking people in Canada翻译1.2.Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire, in the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from Normans3. The doctrine of the …divine right of kings‟ held that the sovereign derived his auth ority from God, not from his subject4. The British constitution consist of statute law, the common law and the conventions.5.There are three major parties in the UK; the Conservative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party6.7.8.910.It consists of a Congress that is divided into the House of Representatives with 435 members who serve two-year terms, and the Senate with 100 lawmakers who serve six-year terms, the legislative branch is made up of elected representatives from all of the states and is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect11. The Supreme Court is composed of 1 chief justice and 8 associate justices.。
英语国家概况练习汇编(含答案)
1. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern D . western2. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Welsh3. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. SpeyD. Severn4. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. England5.The capital of Australia is______A.CanberraB.SydneyC.DarwinD.Melbourne6.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _______A. DenmarkB. BelgiumC. The NetherlandsD.France7. Australia’s National Day falls on______, the date of the first European settlement in AustraliA.A.January 26B.February 15C.July 4D.November 118. ______granted Canada full legislative authority in domestic and external affairs.A.Peace TreatyB.British American ActC.Act of UnionD.Statute of Westminster9. General elections are held about every______years in New Zealand with two main parties competing with each other.A.3B.4C.2D.510. Most of Canada’s French Canadians live in the Province of______A.QuebecB.OntarioC.Nova ScotiaD.Saskatchewan11. Education in Britain is generally supported by______.A.students themselvesB.private sourcesC.public fundsD.businesses12. Abraham Lincoln belonged to___________.A.the Federalist PartyB.the Republican PartyC.the Whig PartyD.the Democratic Party13. Among the following,___________does not belong to New England, the birthplace of AmericA.A.New HampshireB.SeattleC.VermontD.Rhode Island14. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William IID. James I15. The largest river in Ireland is the _____, which provides electric power for much of the Republic.A. Missouri RiverB. Shannon RiverC. Severn RiverD. Thames RiverCBBDA DADAA CBBAB1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times2. King Arthur was the king of _____.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex5. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts6. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B7. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 1035D. 11068. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 1784D.1778, 17899. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end10. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poetD. composer11. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish12. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon13. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval14. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryD. Statue of Westminster15. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America16. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland17. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock TowerD. the Queen18. Under ______, the feudal system in England was completely established.A. King AlfredB. Henry IIC. Edward ID. William the Conqueror19. The Hundred Years’ War broke out because of_________.A. economic conflictsB. territorial issuesC. both economic and territorial disputesD. both territorial and religious disputes20. ________was generally considered the transitional period between the Middle Ages and modern times, covering the years c.1350-c.1650A. The ReformationB. The RenaissanceC. The RestorationD. The Glorious Revolution BBBAB DBACB BABBC CBDCB1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditaryD. dictatorial2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15thD. 16th3. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. House of LordsD. House of Commons4. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.A. fourB. sixC. fiveD. seven5. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council6. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades MountainsD. the Appalachians;7. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. WyomingD.Alaska8. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. MichiganD. Ontario9. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. VirginiaD. Washington10. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The westernD.southeastern11. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. BostonD. Washington D.C.12. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. VictoriaD. Michigan13. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific C. Arctic14. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. AlaskaD. Texas15. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourthD. sixth16. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bambooD. cotton17. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San FranciscoD. Detroit18. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto RicansD. aborigines19. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropicalD. arctic20. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificD. the ArcticCABCA ACCAB AACCC ABBCC1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 1776D.17872. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New YorkD. Washington D.C.4. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 1714D. 1778, 17875 The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker HillD. Trenton6. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago7. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 1787D. 50, 17878. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James MadisonD. George Washington9. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. RichmondD. Saratoga10. In 1900, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth11. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. politicalD. racial12. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 1919D.1916, 192013. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, AlliesD. Axis, Central Powers14. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. CasablancaD. Potsdam15. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec16. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran TreatyD. Potsdam Proclamation17. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etC., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Cairo18. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman DoctrineD. McCarthyism19. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean WarD. World War II20. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet UnionD. China21. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194522. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New DealD. McCarthyism23. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. JapaneseD.German24. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson25. The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A. “Rip Van Winkle”B. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”C. “The Adventures of a German Student”D. “Cabbages and Kings”26. _____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A. Mark TwainB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Herman MelvilleD. Ernest Hemingway27. _____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Wilt WhitmanC. Tennessee WilliamsD. Washington Irving28. Thanksgiving Day is originated in _____.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada29. Most Americans are _____ from different countries.A. blacksB. IndiansC. emigrantsD. immigrants30. Valentine’s Day falls on _____.A. July 4thB. March 21stC. February 14thD. December 25th31. Halloween is a _____.A. summer festivalB. night-time festivalC. sweethearts’ holidayD. pilgrims holiday32. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. PresidentD. Parties33. The general election in America is held every _____ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 334. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.A. donkeyB. elephantC. eagleD. horse35. In the US,_____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress36. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____.A. tigerB. elephantC. donkeyD.eagle37. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____.A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitution and the rule of law38. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive39. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. the CongressC. the CabinetD. the president’s committee40. The Federal Government and the states governments are supposed to _____ each other.A. guideB. controlC. keep independence fromD. checkBDABB BBBBA CBCBC BABCC ACCCABABCC BABAB BBBBC1. The United States has _______ states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48 d. 352. The state of ______ is the largest in area of all the states in the US.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. Texas d. Florida3. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at _______.A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, Virginia d. Plymouth, Georgia4. ______ is the head of New Zealand government.A. The British monarchB. The Governor GeneralC. The Prime MinisterD. The President5. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in _______.A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17936. The terms for a Senator and Representative are _____ and ______ years.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two7. The National Day of the United States falls on _________ .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th8. On average, members of the House of Commons are elected for a maximum of _____ years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six9. Australia’s economy depends largely on _______.A. agricultureB. manufacturingC. foreign tradeD. tourism10. ____ were the first group of people who arrived on the islands of New Zealand.A. MaorisB. EuropeansC. AustraliansD. ChineseCACCB DBCCA。
高二英语政治制度单选题60题
高二英语政治制度单选题60题1. The United Kingdom is a country where the head of state is a _____.A. presidentB. prime ministerC. king or queenD. governor答案：C。
英国是君主立宪制国家，国家元首是国王或女王。
选项 A 总统通常是共和制国家的元首；选项B 首相是政府首脑；选项D 州长一般是美国州一级的行政长官。
2. In the UK, the power of making laws belongs to _____.A. the QueenB. the ParliamentC. the Prime MinisterD. the local governments答案：B。
在英国，立法权属于议会。
选项 A 女王更多是象征意义；选项C 首相主要负责行政事务；选项D 地方政府没有立法权。
3. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the British political system?A. Bicameral legislatureB. Presidential systemC. Constitutional monarchyD. Unwritten constitution答案：B。
英国政治制度不是总统制。
选项 A 两院制立法机构是英国的特点；选项 C 君主立宪制是英国的政治体制；选项 D 不成文宪法也是英国的特点之一。
4. The British Prime Minister is appointed by _____.A. the QueenB. the ParliamentC. the publicD. the opposition party答案：A。
英国首相由女王任命。
虽然首相的任命需要基于议会多数党的支持，但形式上是由女王任命。
美国国家概况考题
Unit1 The country（）1. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.（）2. The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.（）3. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some ofthe highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontanebasins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.（）4. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter.( )5. New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.( )6. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region.( )7. Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride inthe South’s history and tradition.( )8. The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.( )9. Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarilyfind wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries.( )10. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one ofthe smallest land areas.1. The United States of America is the ____________ country in the world in size.A. LargestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the southA. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the worldA. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which isthe largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in __________ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ___________climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ___________.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ___________.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandUnit2 History（ )1. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia,( )2. The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies.( )3. When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincolnin the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy.（）4. The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement, demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.（ )5. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.( )6. The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s.( )7. Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.（ )8. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officersin 1992.1. The British established 13 colonies along _________.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because _________.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all newC. the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD. the North wanted to put an end to slavery3. The Progressive Movement wanted to ________ in order to stop big businesscontrol.A. initiate strict government regulationB. have the government fix pricesC. break up all the big businessesD. do away with rebates4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ____________ .A. cultural revivalB. loss of purposeC. development in science and technologyD. material success and spiritual frustration5. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first broughtabout by _____________.A. bank failuresB. serious unemploymentC. farm foreclosuresD. the stock market crash6. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to __________.A. save American democracy and the capitalist systemB. check the worsening of the economic situationC. help people tide over the difficultyD. increase American export7. On June 5, 1947, ________ suggested that the . should offer economic aid toWestern Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George MarshallB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. George KennanD. Harry Truman8. At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis, the President of the . was ____________.A. TrumanB. EisenhowerC. KennedyD. Johnson9. New Frontier and Great Society were programs initiated by _______.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively10. The conservatism during Reagan’s administration was known as _____________.A. the New LeftB. the New RightC. the New FrontierD. the New FreedomUnit3 The American identity（）1. In the United States, the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate.（）2. In the United States, the largest minority group is the African-American group.（）3. In the United States, the fastest-growing group is the Asian-Americangroup.（）4. Native Americans have a low school dropout rate.（）5. The three major Hispanic groups are the Mexican-Americans, the PuertoRicans and the Cuban-Americans.（）6. The Puerto Ricans are American citizens.（）7. The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese.（）8. Today the Indians are only allowed to live on reservations.（）9. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASP.current situation of African-Americans presents_______.A. a favorable pictureB. a negative pictureC. a mixed pictureD. a positive picture2. Although discrimination has been legally abolished, ________.A. discrimination in employment still existsB. discrimination in university admission still existsC. poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial and ethnic groupsD. inequality and subtle discrimination still exist3. The Cuban-Americans mainly live in ______.A. FloridaB. TexasC. LouisianaD. Alabama4. Some p eople say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT ________.A. familyB. hard workC. educationD. Discrimination5. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the UnitedStates is from _______.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries6. The first immigrants in American history came from __________.A. England and the NetherlandsB. IrelandC. West GermanyD. East Europe7. Among the major Hispanic groups in the UnitedStates, the largest group is _______.A. the Puerto RicansB. the Mexican-AmericansC. the Cuban-AmericansD. the Central and South American immigrants8. Among the major Hispanic groups in the UnitedStates, ________ have the highest social status.A. the ChicanosB. the Cuban-AmericansC. the Puerto-RicansD. the Latin American immigrants9. The Native Americans are __________.A. the IndiansB. the whitesC. the blacksD. the HispanicsUnit4 political institutions（）1. The Constitution of the United States, after its adoption, has neverbeen revised.（）2. According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsiblefor addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individualstates.（）3. Separation of power is designed to prevent the government from beingtoo strong.（） 4. The . government is divided into four branches: the legislative, the presidency, the bureaucracy and the judiciary.（）5. The Supreme Court has the right to declare laws and actions of the federal, state, and local governments unconstitutional.（）6. Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen from political parties.（）7. The . President has great executive power but no legislative power.（）8. Congressmen serve a term of six years while Senators serve a term oftwo years.（）9. The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich.（）10. The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.1. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ________.A. all kinds of casesB. cases involving foreign citizensC. cases involving a stateD. Both B and C2. Political parties are the basis of the American politicalsystem, _________.A. but there is no provision in the Constitution forpolitical partiesB. and the Constitution has clear provisionC. but the founding fathers had strong apprehensionof political partiesD. Both A and C3. The two major parties today have ______differences in policy concentration.A. noB. littleC. someD. Great4. The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to _______.A. prevent the government from misusing its powerB. prevent the government from being strongC. pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD. meet the demands of small states5. The President of the United States is elected _____.A. indirectly by the electors B by CongressC. directly by the votersD. None of the above.6. . President can serve ________ term(s).A. only oneB. twoC. more than twoD. as many as four7. The . President’s appointments have to beapproved by ________.A. the House of RepresentativesB. the SenateC. the CabinetD. the Supreme Court8. The Supreme Court of the United States consists ofone Chief Justice and ______ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 109. The two major political parties in the United Statesare _______.A. the Democratic Party and the Labor PartyB. the Federalist Party and the Democratic PartyC. the Federalist Party and the Republican PartyD. the Democratic Party and the Republican Party10. The . Congress has the power to override thepresident’s veto by a _____ majority.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 3/5D. 4/5Unit5 Economy（）1. Since the . economy is based on free enterprise, there is littlegovernment involvement in the economy.（）2. The United States is the world’s leading maker of industrial goods.（）3. In the 18th century, the New E ngland colonies specialized in producing tobacco from plantations.（）4. While most Americans embraced the idea of money-making and heldsuccessful businessmen in great admiration, they resented big businesses monopolizing any industry in any form.（）5. By 1956, a majority of . workers held blue-collar rather thanwhite-collar jobs.（）6. Many urban Americans, particularly Blacks and Hispanics, found the postwar prosperity inaccessible to them.（）7. The American West is now an important region for corn and wheat.（）8. While manufacturing giants such as IBM and General Electronic enjoy worldwide reputation as the pillars of the American economy, the . economy is byno means one dominated by giant corporations.（）9. As the number of workers employed in the traditional manufacturing industries has declined, union membership has dropped in recent years.1. The United States ranks ________ in the world in thetotal value of its economic production.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. Fourth2. The following are the factors that have contributed tothe development of the . economy EXCEPT__________.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people3. What is America’s most important food cropA. Corn.B. Rice.C. BarleyD. Oat.4. Service industries account for more than _________ of the . gross domestic product.A. a thirdB. halfC. two thirdsD. three fourth5. The westward expansion is a demonstration ofAmerican ________.A. IndividualismB. patriotismC. LiberalismD. Expansionism6. Hamilton believed that the United States shouldpursue economic growth through the followingEXCEPT ________.A. shippingB. manufacturingC. bankingD. slavery7. With the arrival of the 20th century, the United Statesbecame increasingly urbanized, particularly in the_________ cities.A. NortheastB. NorthwestC. SoutheastD. Southwest8. The American South is a center of the followingtraditional crops EXCEPT _________.A. tobaccoB. cornC. cottonD. wheat9. As the world’s leading maker of industrial goods, the. now produces around _________ of the world’sindustrial products.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%10. In the United States, the following areas tend tospecialize in high-tech and computer industriesEXCEPT ________.A. NortheastB. MidwestC. NorthwestD. SouthwestUnit6 social service（）1. In the United States, the social security system provides assistance to people with financial problems.（）2. In the United States, Medicare provides virtually free treatment forall American citizens.（）3. Social security is the nearly universal retirement program for Americans, with about 92 percent of people aged 60 and over receiving benefits.（）4. Since 1996, welfare responsibility under AFDC has been passed to thestates, which receive federal grants to run their own programs.（）5. The Social Security Administration organizes the distribution of food and food stamps through state and local governments.（）6. Since government-sponsored welfare programs are essential to the needy and the poor, they are quite adequate in confronting the poverty issue.（）7. Child Welfare League of America is the largest privately-funded childcare agency in the United States, providing shelter and service to homelessand runaway youth.（）8. In the United States, most employees and their families are normallyinsured for health care through public insurance programs.（）9. Medicaid program provides federal grants to states for the freetreatment of the elderly.（）10. In the United States, two-thirds of the housing units in theprivate sector are “single-family dwellings”.1. The American social security system includes thefollowing programs EXCEPT _________.A. OASDHIB. MedicareC. MedicaidD. Unemployment Compensation2. Americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of _________.A. 55B. 60C. 65D. 703. The main federal welfare programs in the USAconsist of the following programs EXCEPT_________.A. MedicaidB. AFDCC. Food StampsD. Medicare4. Which of the following belongs to the religious welfare organizationA. NCH.B. CWLA.C. CCHD. D. Ford Foundation.5. Among private foundations, which has becomeincreasingly prominent in private charity activityA. Rockefeller Foundation.B. Ford Foundation.C. Buffett Foundation.D. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.6. Which of the following statement is NOT true aboutAmerican health care servicesA. A sizable number of Americans still remain uninsured.B. The . has top-quality medical facilities.C. Medicaid covers only about 40 percent of the poor nationwide.D. Compared with other developed countries, theUnited States spends less on health care.7. According to the healthcare reform proposed duringthe Obama administration, the government will requiremost Americans to have health insurance by _______.A. 2011B. 2012C. 2013D. 20148. Homes and houses give Americans the followingsense EXCEPT ________.A. possessionB. material satisfactionC. personal identificationD. freedomUnit7 the legal system（）1. The . Constitution defines the organization of a court system, includinga Supreme Court and inferior courts.（）2. In the United States, each state has one district court.（）3. District courts are the only national courts that use grand juries and petit juries.（）4. All national courts can review decisions of state courts.（）5. At the national level, government prosecution is the responsibilityof the Supreme Court.（）6. The . attorneys are appointed for life terms to the district courts.（）7. Anglo-American Common Law is based on the supposed reasonable person’s view of what is right and fair.（）8. In the United States, all cases should be tried with a jury.（）9. A unanimous decision is needed for a grand jury to make a decision.（）10. Federal crimes are mainly the responsibility of theFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).1. There are currently ________ district courts in the United States.A. 52B. 54C. 92D. 942. There are currently _______ courts of appeals in the United States.A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 133. __________ argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. Solicitor GeneralD. President of the United States4. District judgeships are filled by the President with the consent of _________.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives5. Generally, the trial jury consists of _______ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－306. Generally, the grand jury consists of _______ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－307. The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and _______ associate justices.A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 108. In the United States, people between the ages of _______ are the most inclined age group to commit crimes.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－549. In some urban areas in the United States, murder is the main cause of deathamong non-White males between the ages of ________.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－5410. As a rule, the implementation of state law is carried out by the policeand detectives in the city, and by _______ in rural areas.A. SheriffsB. ConstablesC. MagistratesD. both A and BUnit8 Education（）1. Americans generally hold that everyone is entitled to education.（）2. Americans believe that education is beneficial to individuals andsociety as a whole.（）3. In the United States, public education at elementary and secondary level is free.（）4. American education system is characterized by diversity.（）5. According to the . Constitution, education is the responsibility ofthe federal government.（）6. There is little similarity in the education system of the 50 states.（）7. The state board of education is responsible for the education policyof the state.（）8. The oldest institution of higher learning in the United States is Harvard University.（）9. Junior colleges offer only . degrees.（）10. The affirmative action program aims to help ethnic and racial minorities in elementary and secondary education.1. To many Americans, education is important because _____________.A. it contributes to the success of individualsB. it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC. it prepares the young people for future developmentD. Both A and B2. In the United States, public schools at the elementary and secondary levelare ______________.A. freeB. compulsoryC. open to allD. Both A and C3. American schools fall into two categories, namely, _______________.A. public and private schoolsB. academic and vocational schoolsC. coeducation and single sex schoolsD. national and state-run schools4. In the United States, education policies are made by ______________.A. the federal governmentB. the state board of educationC. local school districtD. board of trustees5. The governing board of school district is responsible for _______________.A. the hiring of teachers and staffB. the designing of a suitable curriculumC. the compiling and approving of budgetD. All of the above6. There is _______________ difference(s) in tuition rates between public andprivate institutions of higher learning in the .A. noB. significantC. SomeD. not much7. The community college _______________.A. offers bachelor degreesB. offers associate degreesC. offers master degreesD. Both A and B8. Elementary and secondary education in the . covers _______ years.A. 9B. 11C. 12D. 149. Admission to an educational institution in the U. S. is determined by ______________.A. the institution itselfB. the state board of educationC. the local authorityD. the federal government10. The following are the public policies and legal decisions emphasizingspecial rights for ethnic and linguistic minorities in the area of education EXCEPT _______________.A. Bilingual Education ActB. Proposition 227C. affirmative action programD. No Child Left Behind ActUnit9 Religion in American life（）1. In comparison with other Western countries, America is less religiousin terms of church attendance and financial commitment to church organizations.（）2. At the time when the United States was founded, it was the Catholicbranch of the Christian faith that had the strongest influence on the developmentof the religious climate in the United States.（）3. The Pilgrims tried to create a community in which life would be guided by God’s will and deviations from His will in any shape or form would never betolerated.（）4. America became “the Kingdom of God” by the end of the 17th century.（）5. In the 19th century, Americans stopped talking about the importanceof religious values for their national identity.（）6. According to the . Constitution, church and state are separate in their role and function.（）7. Historically, church and state in the United States has never interactedto each other.（）8. A growing trend in American religious life is that religion has become increasingly secularized.（）9. In the United States, mainstream Protestant denominations have lostground to Catholic denominations.（）10. Post-war Evangelism has attempted to use its influence to restore some sense of community in a society.1. The Catholic faith was first brought to the North American continent by______________.A. the PortugueseB. the EnglishC. the FrenchD. the Spanish2. The great waves of Jewish immigration started in ______________ and made the United States a major center of Judaism.A. 1836B. 1863C. 1936D. 19633. By the end of the 17th century, ______________ had already begun to lose its energies.A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. PuritanismD.Judaism4. The First Great Awakening of ______________ provided the opportunity for afresh reaffirmation of God’s role in directing the fortunes of His chosen people.A. the 17th centuryB. the 18th centuryC. the 19th centuryD. the 20th century5. The Second Great Awakening of ______________ exerted a profound impact both on the scale of church membership and on the range of American sectarianism.A. the 17th centuryB. the 18th centuryC. the 19th centuryD. the 20th century6. The _______________ Amendment of Constitution states that “Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the freeexercise thereof.”A. FirstB. SecondC. TenthD. Twentieth7. Which of the following minority religions is deemed by the mainstream religion to advocate or practice kinds of beliefs against the public interestA. Islam.B. Hinduism.C. Mormonism.D. Zenism.8. The following mainstream Protestant denominations have recently witnessedsignificant loss of members EXCEPT ________________.A. MethodistsB. EpiscopaliansC. PresbyteriansD. Evangelistsv9. Post-war Evangelicalism has made e ffective use of __________ to reach massive audiences.A. telephoneB. musicC. televisionD. Movies10. Which of the following contemporary religious groups is relying upon bigrallies to draw Christian men togetherA. “Saved” Christians.B. Fundamentalists.C. Promise Keepers.D. Seventh-Day Adventists.Unit10 Private life in American（）1. Most Americans have an ambition to own their own house on a little piece of property, but it’s difficult for them to have that ambition materialized.（０2. After the arrival of the so-called post-industrial society, Americans started to move to the city.（）3. Most Americans live in mobile homes which function as prefabricatedhousing units in stationary settings.（）4. Many poor American families expect their children to find part-timejobs, especially as they enter their teens.（）5. Parties for children and for grown-ups are constantly occupying theleisure hours of Americans.（）6. In the United States, high-brow arts get most of the financial backing from the government.（）7. In the United States, popular culture outshines classical culture inaudience size and in public influence.（）8. Today’s preeminent spectator game in America is baseball.（）9. American football was derived from the British game of soccer.（）10. Baseball is adapted by the Americans from the English cricket to their own tastes.1. For most Americans, one of the first activities at home i s to _______________.A. watch TVB. do repair workC. surf on the InternetD. drink coffee2. The following are “chores” assigned to the children in American familiesEXCEPT ________________.A. washing and waxing floorsB. mowing the lawnC. keeping the car(s) cleanD. Babysitting3. The following are part-time jobs expected to be done by American childrenEXCEPT _________.A. mowing lawnsB. delivering newspapersC. taxi drivingD. Babysitting4. The following are the leisure activities outside the home f or American adults EXCEPT ___________. A. playing bowling B. playing soccerC. attending public service activitiesD. attending church-related activities5. The following are the leisure activities outside the home for Americanchildren EXCEPT ________.A. taking lessonsB. traveling overseasC. horseback ridingD.Swimming6. One out of every ______ Americans donates some part of their time as volunteers.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 67. The following belong to high-brow culture EXCEPT ___________.A. classical musicB. BalletC. operaD. Movies8. The following remain high on the domestic vocational destination list in the minds of most Americans EXCEPT ________________.A. Walt Disney WorldB. New YorkC. the Yellowstone National ParkD. the Grand Canyon9. The following are the “four major sports” in the United States EXCEPT_______________.A. basketballB. footballC. baseballD. Volleyball10. The Super Bowl is a game for _______________.A. basketballB. footballC. baseballD. volleyball。
The United States has two major political parties1
The United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, which evolved out of Thomas Jefferson’s party, formed before 1800. The symbol of the party is the donkey. The other is the Republican Party, which was formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West, such as Abraham Lincoln, who wanted the government to prevent the expansion of slavery into new states then being admitted to the union. The symbol of the Republican Party is the elephant.The Republican Party follows a conservative policy, and chiefly represents the upper middle-class slant. While the Democratic Party follows a liberal policy, and mainly represents middle-class below.There are many different viewpoints between these two parties.AbortionRepublicans are opposed to abortion. They call it murder of the fetus. This is called the 'pro-life' stance. It shouldn’t be made legal and Roe v. Wade should be overturned. Some Republicans go so far as to oppose the contraception mandate i.e. requiring employer-paid health insurance plans to cover contraception.Democrats support the right of abortion, wherein they argue that women should have a right to make decisions about their own bodies. This is called the 'pro-choice' stance, and it is legal.A related point of divergence is embryonic stem cell research. Democrats support it while Republicans do not.◆Gun controlDemocrats advocate gun control and favor more gun control laws e.g. oppose the right to carry concealed weapons in public places. While the Republicans are fiercely opposed to it, and oppose gun control laws and are strong supporters of the Second Amendment as well as the right to carry concealed weapons.◆Gay rightsThe Democrats have divergence on the issue of gay marriage. Some Democrats support same-sex marriage, while some are against gay marriage for religious reasons. But almost all of the democrats agree it, as the orientation of gender discrimination is wrong.Most republican opponents are from conservative southern areas, and their religious belief is very heavy, they believe that marriage should be between a man and a woman so republicans do not support gay marriage.◆MilitaryRepublicans follow the doctrine of unilateralism, which says that the United States should use military force without any assistance from other nations whenever a threat to its security or welfare arises. However, democrats believe that the United States should act in theinternational arena with strong alliances and broad international support.Republicans Prefer increasing military spending and have a more hard line stance against countries like Iran, with a higher tendency to deploy the military option.Nevertheless, democrats Prefer lower increases in military spending and are comparatively more reluctant to using military force against countries like Iran, Syria and Libya.TaxesAs the Democratic Party advocates that the government should play a very important role in the national life.Therefore democrats support progressive taxes. .They want high-income individuals to pay taxes at a higher rate. They support an increase taxes on the wealthy to pay for public programs. Republicans support tax cuts for everyone. Republicans believe that a series of tax cuts has already promoted the development of American economy since 2001. They are against the rating system, and think that the system is robbing the rich to feed the poor. However, Republicans agree there should be a "safety net" to help those poor people, but the policies they support are usually cost less, more dependent on private fundraising, at the same time thequalification of the participate is also strictly limited. They advocate to improve the welfare system for subsidies to accept the threshold, and make the people who rely on welfare subsidies start looking for job.◆Minimum wageDemocrats favor increase in the minimum wage to help workers. Republicans oppose raising the minimum wage because they think the minimum wage system will only increase unemployment, and reduce the business profit.◆HealthcareDemocrats want to establish a high quality health care system, and many Democrats called for more government intervention in this field. Most Democrats support a national health care system, so as to solve the risk of high cost of modern medical health.Republicans are against the national health insurance system which is only leading by the government. They suggest to provide medical insurance for the senior, and provide medical aid for the poor. In the history, the Republicans’ attitude to the welfare system, medical insurance was not the same, republicans had to oppose or support all of these solutions.The Democratic Party and Republican Party have so many differences, and there are several reasons for it.Firstly, the Republican and Democratic parties exist due to thestrikingly contrasting ethnic and cultural differences of each. Though both parties originally lacked ideological differences, they were clearly separated by difference of beliefs in regards to issues of morality and liberalism.Democrats believed that the country's government should hold the power to set one concrete moral standard for the entire country. Contrarily, Republicans believed that the government had no place in regulating the moral affairs of society and called for more privacy on such issues.As religious and moral affairs touched Americans more personally than political matters might have, these differences caused uproar of passionate competition and resulted in the formation of the Republican and Democratic parties.Secondly, the two parties represent the interests of different class. The Republican Party represents the upper middle class;Its mass base is mainly white-collar workers and young people.After the Second World War, the middle class becomes new support for it. The Democratic Party represents the middle class; the mass base is mainly labour, civil servants, minorities and black. Therefore the two parties have different standpoints.However, despite the apparent dispute in ideologies, Republicans and Democrats don't always disagree. There are a numberof issues where their positions converge. For example, the Democrats have supported the Puerto Ricans for their right to decolonization, mirroring the views of the Republicans on the subject. Also, majorities in both the parties support the death penalty.The existence of two parties satisfies the needs of internal supervision in the United States; they can check and balance each other, so as to avoid the ruling party abusing the power.。
英语国家概况试卷
石河子大学 2008-2009 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷注意：请将所有试题答案做在试卷二上，做在试卷一上不得分试卷一Part I Choose the correct answer. (1 ’×50=50’)1．The British Isles are made up of ________A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC.three large islands and hundreds of small onesD.three large islands and Northern Ireland2.There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.They are_____A. Britain, Scotland and WalesB. England, Scotland and WalesC. Britain, Scotland and IrelandD. England, Scotland and Ireland3.In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from ________A. northern EuropeB. northern GermanyC. southern EuropeD. southern Germany4.It was _________ who laid the foundations of the English state.A. the VikingsB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons5._________ is perhaps the best-known event in English history.A. The Norman Conquest of 1066B. The Great Charter of 1215C. The Hundred Years’War with FranceD. The English Renaissance6. In the reign of the Norman kings ___________ flowered on the English soil.A. the German cultureB. the British cultureC. the Danish cultureD. the Norman culture 7. Black Death, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas, spread through Europe in the ____centuryA.13thB. 14thC. 15thD. 16th8.The English Renaissance achieved its finest expression in __________A. Elizabethan dramaB. Leonardo Da Vinci’s work sC. Thomas Moor’s worksD. Thomas Wyatt’s poems9. The English Civil War had been seen as a conflict between ________A. the Commons and the LordsB. the King and the BaronsC. Parliament and the KingD. the Crown and the Church10.Two of the most famous literary works of late 17th century England were John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and _________A. William Shakespeare ’s HamletB. Francis Bacon’s Essay sC. John Milton’s Paradise LostD. Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine11. In Britain, ________ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A. the ToriesB. the PuritainsC. the WhigsD. the Anglo-Americans12. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became ________A.“the shop of the world”B.“the workshop of the world ”C.“the centre of the world ”D.“the leader of the worl d”13.________is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English languageA. Christopher MarloweB. William ShakespeareC. Edmund SpenserD. Charles Dickens14.In Britain,the prime minister is the leader of the party that holds the most seats in___A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives15. In Britain, private schools or independent schools are called __________A. grammar schoolsB. high schoolsC. public schoolsD. state schools16. In American, the first English colony was founded at _______ in 1607.A. Jamestown, VirginiaB. Plymouth, MassachusettsC. New AmsterdamD. Boston, Massachusetts17. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ and _________A. Ireland/FranceB. England / China命题组组长签字：第 1 页(本试卷共 5 页 ) I II IIIC. Scotland / EnglandD. England / the Netherlands18. The British established 13 colonies along ___________A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America 19. The American War of Independence began with ________A. the battles of TrentonB. the Boston Tea PartyC. the battles of Lexington and ConcordD. the battles of Gettysburg 20. The declaration of Independence was drafted by ________ A. Abraham Lincoln B. John Adams C. Benjamin Franklin D. Thomas Jefferson 21. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by _______ during the Civil War A. George Washington B. Abraham Lincoln C. Thomas Jefferson D. Franklin Roosevelt 22. The 1920s in the U.S. has been described as a period of __________ A. cultural revival B. loss of purpose C. development in science and technology D. material success and spiritual frustration23. McCarthyism refers to the anti-Communist hysteria whipped up by senator McCarthy ______ A. after world war I B. during world war II C. in the early 1950s D. in the 1960s24. The famous leader of black movements in the U.S. in the 60s is _________ A. Abraham Lincoln B. George Garrison C. Douglas Moor D. Martin Luther King 25. The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are _______ A. research and teaching B. teaching and degree awardingC. professional training, teaching and public serviceD. teaching, research and public service 26. Walt Whitman’s masterpiece is ________B. Song of MyselfD. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer27. The_____, the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide. A. Appalachians B. Rockies C. Blue Ridge Mountains D. Great Smokies 28. The American Constitution was drawn up in 1787 when _________A. the War of Independence was startedB. the War of Independence was wonC. the American Civil War was startedD. the American Civil War was won 29. 2. The general election in America is held every _____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 330. Among the following authors, the one who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, is __ A. T. S. Eliot B. Emily Dickenson C. Walt Whitman D. Richard Wright31. The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S. on the fourth Thursday of November is _____ A. Independence Day B. Thanksgiving Day C. Washington ’s Birthday D. Halloween 32. The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ____________. A. friendship and happiness B. peace and plenty C. cooperation and rich reward D. love and happiness33. By long custom, nationally observed holidays in the U.S. include the following except ______ A. Christmas B. Valentine’s Day C. Lincoln’s Birthday D. Mid -Summer’s Day 34. In terms of area Canada is the ________ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest35. The first British settlers in Canada were _______ who refused to fight against the British army the War of American Independence.A. French refugeesB. British merchantsC. American refugeesD. French reformers 36. Australia was originally inhabited by ________.第 2 页(本试卷共 5 页 )A. Leaves of GrassC. A tramp AbroadA. IndiansB. EskimosC. MaorisD. Aborigines37._______is the oldest of the Australian states because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.A. VictoriaB. New South WalesC. South AustraliaD. Queensland38._________is an integral and pervasive influence on national life and culture of Ireland.A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. Calvinist doctrineD. Idealism39.In Ireland,the constitution provides for both________as official languages.A. Irish and EnglishB. English and FrenchC. Irish and FrenchD. English and Welsh40. The capital of New Zealand is __________.A. WellingtonB. ChristchurchC. HamiltonD. Auckland41. The original inhabitants of New Zealand are called ________.A. EskimosB. AboriginesC. IndiansD. Maoris42.The largest city in Australia is_______.A.CanberraB.MelbourneC.SydneyD.Perth43.The climate in New Zealand is ________.A.subtropicalB.arcticC.temperateD.tropical44._______is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia.A.Federal governmentB.State governmentC.Territory assembliesD.Municipal government45.Of the following,____ is not among the 3 major Australian Parties.A.The Labor PartyB.The National PartyC.The Liberal PartyD.The Australian Democrats46.The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ______.A.1847B.1885C.1900D.190147.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depressio n was called.A. ProgressivismB. laissez faireC. New FreedomD. New Deal48._______is celebrated as New Zealand‘s National Day.A.February 6B.July 4thC.June 14thD.June 4th49.The most well-known Irish writer is _____. He introduces the stream of consciousness technique.A. Mark TwainB.Emily DickinsonC. James JoyceD.Charles Dickens50.In Ireland the head of state is the______.A.Prime MinisterB.PresidentC.British monarchD.General GovernorPart II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ’×10=30’)1.What is the official name of Great Britain?2. In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain?3. In Britain, what does BBC stand for?4.What are the two major political parties in the United States?5.What is the principal river in the United States?6. Why is Australia a dry land?7.When did Ireland declare itself a republic?8. What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?9. How many large cities do you know in Canada ?10. In New Zealand what is the Treaty ofWaittangi ?PartIII Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ’×4=20’)1. The Industrial Revolution2. English Renaissance3. The Declaration of Independence4. Separation of powers第 3 页(本试卷共 5 页 )石河子大学 2007-2008 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷学院：专业：班级：姓名：学号：授课教师：试卷二Part I Choose the correct answer. (1 ×50=50)1．[A][B][C][D] 2．[A][B][C][D] 3．[A][B][C][D] 4．[A][B][C][D] 5．[A][B][C][D]6． [A][B][C][D] 7． [A][B][C][D] 8． [A][B][C][D] 9． [A][B][C][D] 10 [A][B][C][D]11. [A][B][C][D]12. [A][B][C][D]13. [A][B][C][D]14. [A][B][C][D]15 [A][B][C][D] 16. [A][B][C][D]17. [A][B][C][D]18. [A][B][C][D]19. [A][B][C][D]20. [A][B][C][D]21. [A][B][C][D]22. [A][B][C][D]23. [A][B][C][D]24. [A][B][C][D]25. [A][B][C][D]26. [A][B][C][D]27. [A][B][C][D]28. [A][B][C][D]29. [A][B][C][D]30. [A][B][C][D]31. [A][B][C][D]32. [A][B][C][D]33. [A][B][C][D]34. [A][B][C][D]35. [A][B][C][D]36. [A][B][C][D]37. [A][B][C][D]38. [A][B][C][D]39. [A][B][C][D]40. [A][B][C][D]41. [A][B][C][D]42. [A][B][C][D]43. [A][B][C][D]44. [A][B][C][D]45. [A][B][C][D]46. [A][B][C][D]47. [A][B][C][D]48. [A][B][C][D]49. [A][B][C][D]50. [A][B][C][D]Part II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ×10=30) 1.What is the official name of Great Britain?2. In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain?3. In Britain, what does BBC stand for?4.What are the two major political parties in the United States?5.What is the principal river in the United States?6. Why is Australia a dry land?7.When did Ireland declare itself a republic?8. What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?9. How many large cities do you know in Canada ?10. In New Zealand what is the Treaty ofWaittangiPartIII Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ×4=20) 1. The Industrial Revolution2. English Renaissance3. The Declaration of Independence4. Separation of powers第 4 页(本试卷共 5 页 )石河子大学 2007-2008 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷 (答案)Part I: Choose the correct answer. (1 ×50=50)6-10: D B A C C 16- 20: A D C C D 26-30: A B B B A 36-40: D B B A A 46-50: D D A C BPart II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ×10=30)1． The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2． Margaret Thatcher3． British Broadcasting Corporation4． The Republic Party and the Democratic Party. 5． The Mississippi6． Because more than half of Australia is covered by dry lands. 7． In 1949 8． The Kiwi.9． Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver .Part Ⅲ Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ’×4=20’)1. The Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanizaton ofindustry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries.2. English Renaissance: Politically, the English Renaissance marks the end of the period ofcivil war among the old feudal aristocracy in mid-15th century, and the establishment of a modern, efficient, centralized state. Technically, the date is close to that of the introduction of printing into England. And culturally, the first important period in England was the reign of the second Tudor monarch, Henry VIII.3. It it an important document in the war of Independence. Thomas Jefferson drafted theDeclaration of Independence. On July 4,1776, the Congress adopted the declaration. It marked the indepencence of the United States.4. Separation of powers is the concept thought to be the safeguards of the U.S. government.The government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check or block the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called“caecks and balances ”10.It ’s an agreement between the chiefs of the Maori people and the Brithish Crown.第 5 页(本试卷共 5 页 )1-5: A B B D A 11- 15: A B B B C 21-25: B D C D D 31-35: B B D B C 41-45: B C C B D。
英美国家概况B卷
华中师范大学成人高等学历教育业余班（补考试卷）课程：英美国家概况姓名：得分：I. Tell whether each of the following statements is true or falseF1. The British Parliament consists of the Queen, the House s of Lords and Commons. F2. The UK., like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have. F3. From 1979 to 1997, the Conservative Party won 4 elections under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher and John Major.F4. Checks and balances is a system for limiting the powers of the House of Representatives.T5. The President can appoint any federal judges as he wishes.F6. The United States has two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Conservative Party.F7. The Protestant Catholic Church reached its height in the Roman Empire.F8. The Protestant Church came into being during the Reformation.T9. The rebuilt St.. Paul’s Cathedral is in Baroque style.F10. The Protestant Church is the state church of the U.S.T11. Easter is a Christian festival on which Christians celebrate Jesus’ rising from the dead.T12. For doctors, “confidentiality” is a basic rule to protect patients’ personal information.T13. Comprehensive schools were founded before 1960.T14. Everyone can go to a grammar school.T15. The University of Oxford is the second oldest university in the English-speaking world.II. Choose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.16. Which of the following about the House of Commons is NOT true? BA. Members of Parliament elect the Cabinet.B. MPs can be elected for limitless times.C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.17. Which British party supports a “free market”? AA. The Conservative PartyB. The Liberal PartyC. The Party of WalesD. The Labor Party18. Which of the following is a Conservative Party leader? AA. Margaret ThatcherB. Tony BlairC. Gordon BrownD. Both B and C19. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? DA. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of speech and of the pressC. The right to own weaponsD. The freedom of searching a person’s home by police20. Which of the following about the U.S. Supreme Court is NOT true? AA. It is created by the CongressB. It is created by the ConstitutionC. It has the right to interpret laws.D. Its Chief Judge of the Supreme Court is appointed for life.21. The “New Deal” was started by _______ AA. Franklin RooseveltB. J.F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson22. What did the Christians call themselves when they broke away from the Roman A Catholic Church? A. Protestants B. Puritans C. Priests D. Prayers 23. Why is a “roller coaster” a good illustration of the religious problems in Tudor times? A. It is really exciting B. It is really fastC. It is strong and can not fall overD. It rapidly changes direction24. How is Oxford University influenced by religions? DA. Many of the colleges in it have Christian names.B. Most of the colleges have their own chapels.C. It holds that a university is a place where religion unites people.D. All of the above.25. What is considered as “the national religion” of America? AA. The combination of religion and patriotismB. ProtestantC. CatholicD. ChristianityIII. Fill in the blanks with correct information.26. The Parliament is composed of three parts: the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.27.In the U.K. , the official head of state is Queen while the real center of political life is in the House of Commons.28. From 1979 to 1997, the Conservative Party won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long time.29. The Governmental power shared between the central government and the state government is called federal government.30. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: legislative, Executive branch and judicial branch.31. The two major political parties are the Democratic Party, which is thought to be more liberal, and the Republican Party , which is believed to bemore conservative.32. The Church of England balances the interests of both puritans and Protestants.33. The Merchant of Venice is a work of William Shakespeare.34. The Roman Catholic Church called for charitable work, giving help to the poor and protecting the weak.35. The Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Protestant church make up the three major groups of Christianity in the world.IV. Explain the following terms。
英语国家概况复习
英语国家概况复习英语国家概况期末考试题型一、填空（20*1=20）二、单项选择（15*1=15）三、判断对错（15*1=15）四、名词解释（5*2=10）五、简答（4*5=20）六、论述（2*10=20）说明：以下是考试范围。
判断和单项选择就是书后面的内容。
填空题也从这两个部分里面出。
名词解释、简单题、论述题都是出自课文后的名词解释和问题。
True or False1. The United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe.2. The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions----England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3. England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles.4. The British Isles are made up of three large island and hundreds of small ones.5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain.7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautiful scenery in Europe.8. Britain?s longest river is the Thames.9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England.11. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.14. Compared with the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people.16. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.18. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people.19. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.21. The successful Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar. 23. The Magna Carta set out the rules which were to form the basis for the Parliament which operates in England today.24. The Black Death ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.27. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and was determined to take England once again a Protestant country.34. A general election may be called by the government at any time but must be within four years of the previous one.35. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.36. The party which wins the second largest munber of seats in the House of Lords becomes theofficial Opposition.38. The Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in the House of Lords.39. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.40. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.43. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary. 45. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor.47. The House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.48. The Lord chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.52. John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.53. A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy.55. The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain?s “Silicon Glen”.56. Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly raw materials.58. The value of Britain?s exports of goods usual ly exceeds the value of its imports.59. Today, the City of London is the center of London where government departments are located.60. The trade union movement in Britain has become stronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment.65. General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients.66. The nuclear family accounts for a majority of households and has increased in recent years.67. In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).68. Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are freeof charge.69. Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty.70. Most British people now live in detached houses.71. In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on regular basis.72. Christian was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century of the church of England.74. The supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury.75. Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.77. The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control.78. The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the free churches in Britain.80. Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom without interference from the states or the community .religion in Britain is separated from politics.83. Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act ,the UK has since provide universal and free state primary and secondary education.84. The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for public spending on schools.85. The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools.86. In the UK, public schools are public-funded.87. Universities and higher education colleges in the UK enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant.91. People in the UK spend about most of the free time in the pub．92. The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon，Shakespeare's birthplace．93. With the emergence of the Beatles，the Rolling Stones，and the Who，British popularmusic Jed the world from the early 1980s．95. The UK's biggest-selling newspaper is The Times．97. The national sport of the UK is rugby．98. Cricket is popular in all the four home nations．101. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean In the east．103. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied，containing not only some of the highest mountains in North America，but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus，and isolated ranges．104. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and Central California is noticeably drier in winter．106. Washington D．C．is located in the Southern States Region and is also part of a state. 110. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states，and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas．114. When many thousands of Southerners saw the victory of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way off life，they decided to secede from the Confederacy．115. The Progressive Movement was a well—organized，unified movement，demanding government regulation of economy and social condition．117. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States．118. The Truman Doctrine referred to military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey．119. Nixon was the second president in American history 10 resign from the highest office of the nation．120. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil—Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992．121. In the United States，the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate．122. In the United States，African Americans remain the largest minority group.124. Hispanics have a low school dropout rate．125. Many of the Chicanos are farmers．128. The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese．129. Today，American Indians are only allowed to live on reservations．131. The Constitution of the United States , after its ratification，has never been revised．132. According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsible, for addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individual stares．134. The government is divided into four branches: the legislative ,the presidency，the bureaucracy and the judiciary.136. Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen by political parties.137. The president has great executive but no legislative power138. Congressmen serve a term of six years while senatorsserve a term of two years.139. The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich．140. The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population．Multiple Choices1. The British Isles are made up of .A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Northern IrelandD. Wales3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year .A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in .A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in .A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. All the following are natural zones in Scotland, except .A. Highlands in the northB. the Central lowlandsC. the Eastern lowlandsD. the Southern uplands8. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of .A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland9. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is .A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. Belfast10. Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?A. Britain?s climate is of the maritime typeB. Winters in Britain are extremely coldC. Summers in Britain are coolD. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter11. The English people and the English language were born from the union of .A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Germanic conquerors and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons12. The first known settlers of Britain were .A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans13. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient .A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language14. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and .A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong Kong, ChinaD. Pakistan15. In Britain of the population is urban and is rural.A. 90%; 10%B. 80%; 20%C. 70%; 30%D. 60%; 40%16. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient .A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons17. The average population density in Britain is people per square kilometer.A. 205B. 370C. 800D. 50018. During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons19. The upper class in Britain consists of all the following except .A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals20. “Britishness” can be reflected in all the following except.A. Union JackB. ConservativenessC. the BeatlesD. football21. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William?s army on Senlac field near.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings22. The Plantagenet dynasty was founded byA. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor23. English Reformation was carried out by to change the religion in England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC. Mary ID. Elizabeth I24. King John was forced by the barons to sign the which restricted king?s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter25. Simon de Montfort?s reform is considered to be the beginning of English.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. Liberty26. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as .A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President27. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter28. It was during the reign of that the name Great Britain came into being in 1707.A. ElizabethB. Henry VIIIC. CharlesD. Anne29. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen …s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne30. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is .A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacdonaldD. Macmillan31. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT .A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. European Community Law32. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has Members of Parliament.A. 650B. 651C. 659D. 66033. British Conservative Party was formerly called Party in the 18th century.A. WhigB. ToryC. LiberalD. Nationalist34. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of , by .A. the King; His Majesty?s GovernmentB. the Queen; Her Majesty?s GovernmentC. the Sovereign; Prime MinisterD. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty?s Government35. is the “supreme governor” of the Church of England.A. The monarchB. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope36. In Britain the citizens aged or over have the right to vote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 3037. The House of Common is headed by .A. the Prime MinisterB. the SpeakerC. the Lord ChencellorD. the Monarch38. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House39. The Liveral Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and .A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labor PartyC. the Liveral PartyD. the Green Party40. Parliament has the following functions EXCETPA. make lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declare war and making peaceD. examining the actions of the government41. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyonbd reasonable doubt.A. guiltB. impartialityC. innocenceD. honesty42. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the ageof and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18B. 19C. 20D. 2143. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and in Scotland.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 1544. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided byA.the policemenB. t he juryC. t he judgeD.the sheriff45. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland isA. t he Supreme Court of the United KingdomB. t he Court of AppealC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the House of Lords46. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointnents are nade by the Queen on the advice of .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General47. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in .A. the Magistrates? CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court48. In Scotland, are primarily civil law courts.A. Magis trates? CourtsB. County CourtsC. Crown CourtsD. District Courts49. The three “lay” magistrates that make up a Magistrates? Court in Britain are known as .A. justices of the peaceB. stipendiary magistratesC. justices of lawD. part-time magistrates50. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in .A. the District CourtB. the Sheriff CourtC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the Crown Court51. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the theory of .A. Adam SmithB. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx52. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experiencedA. economic recessionB. economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression53. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain?s agriculture?A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain?s agriculture can produce enough fo od for its people.54. In Britain less than of the population are farmers.A. 2%B. 4%C. 6%D. 10%55. In the Britain became a net exporter of oil.A. 1960sB. 1970sC. 1980sD. 1990s56. The following financial institutions have their headquarters in LondonEXCEPT .A. LIoyds TSBB. BarclaysC. Royal Bank of ScotlandD. HSBC57. To stimulate economic recovery, the Thatcher Government carried out all the following policies butA. privatizationB. interventionismC. deregulationD. market liberalization58. Britain is the largest trading nation in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth59. British oil fields were discovered on theA. English ChannelB. Irish SeaC. Norwegian SeaD. North Sea60. Which of the following is NOT included in the new industries in Britain?A. microprocessorsB. computersC. biotechnologyD. motor vehicles61. The National Health Service was established in the United Kingdom in .A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 194961. is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards62. In Britain, children up to the age of can receive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 1663. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirement benefits, begin for women at the age of .A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 6564. In England the NHS is managed by the .A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department65. The National Health Service in Britain provides a full range of medical servicesfor .A. employeesB. residents aged between 18—60C. every residentD. residents aged over 6066. Social Security in the UK is the government?s most expensive program, costing approximately of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%67. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a .A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner68. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for of the adult population in Britain.A. 60 %B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%69. Houses in Britain have traditionally been divided into the following types EXCEPT .A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached house70 is NOT among the Anglican Church.A. The Church of EnglandB. The Episcopal Church ScotlandC．The Baptists D. The Church of Scotland71 is the largest of the Free Churches.A．The Baptists Union B. The Methodist ChurchB. T he Roman Catholic Church D. The Church in Wales72 Established Churches in Britain are .A. the Church of England and the Church of WalesB. t he Church of Wales and the Church of ScotlandC. t he Anglican ChurchesD. the Church of England and the Church of Scotland73 The Free Churches do NOT includeA. the Church of EnglandB. the Methodist ChurchC the BaptistsD . the United Reformed Church74 The principal non- Christian communities in Britain areA. the MoslemsB. the Methodist ChurchC . the Hindus D. the Jews75 The Church of Scotland is a church.A. MethodistB. BaptistC. PresbyterianD. Catholic76 In Great Britain, the is uniquely related to the Crown.A. the Church of England B .the Church of ScotlandC. the Church of IrelandD. the Church of Wales77 The members of in uniquely to the Crown.A . the Anglican Church B. the Church of ScotlandC. the Roman Catholic Church D . the Free Church of Wales80 The Church of England has two provinces .They are .A. Canterbury and York B .London and Yorkc. Durham and Canterbury D. London and Winchester81 There are universities , including the Open University in Britain.A .70 B. 80 C.90 D.10082 The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC .14th and 15thD .15th and 16th83 The usual age for transfer from primary schools is in England ,Wales and Northern Ireland .A .14B .13C .12 D.1184 are independent schools in Britain.A. Comprehensive schoolsB. Grammar schoolsC . Secondary modern schools D. Public schools85 Secondary education in is basically selective.A .EnglandB . ScotlandC .WalesD . Northern Ireland86 Harrow School is .A .grammar schoolB .secondary modern schoolC . public schoolD . comprehensive school87 .In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses of a standard higher than .A. GCE O-LevelB.GCE A-LevelC. GCE ?AS? LeverD.GCSF88 In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes all the following EXCEPT .A. readingB. writingC. arithmeticD. science89 The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT.A. University of LeedsB. University of LiverpoolC. University of ManchesterD. University of Glasgow90 The leading scientific society in Britain is .A. the British Association for the Advancement of ScienceB. the Royal InstitutionC. the British AcademyD. the Royal Society91 The largest and the most important museum in Britain is .A．the British Museum B. the Victoria and Albert MuseumC. the Imperial War MuseumD. the National Gallery92 Britain?s most popular pastime is.A．reading newspaper B．watching TVC．playing football D．horse racing94 The Times is a newspaper in Britain．A．quality daily B．popular dailyC．quality Sunday D．mid．market daily95 The Daily Mirror is a newspaper in BritainA quality daily B．popular dailyC．popular Sunday D．mid．market daily96 is the most read Sunday newspaper in Britain．A．The Mail on Sunday B．Sunday MirrorC. The News of the World D．The Observer97 Football has its traditional home in .A．England B．ScotlandC．France D．Italy98 is the most typical English sport．A．Football B．RugbyC．Cricket D．Horse racing99 Of the following four sports，has the longest historyA. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby100 The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from ．A. Manchester B . LiverpoolC. London D．Edinburgh101 The BBC is financed principally by ．A. the GovernmentB. an annual television license feeC. advertising／commercialsD. both B and C102 The United States of America is the country in the world．A．1argest B．second-largest C．third-largest D．fourth-largest103 extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestwards to Alabama.A．The Rocky Mountains B．The Appalachian HighlandsC．The Coast Mountains D．The Blue Mountains104 The climate of the United States is influenced by ．A．the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans B．the Gulf of MexicoC．the Great Lakes D．All of the above105 What is the leading commercial crop of the South?A．Cotton．B．T obacco．C．Sugar cane. D．Rice106 Which Midwestern city is the automobile capital of theworld?A．Chicago．B．Detroit．C．Milwaukee．D．Cleveland107 One of the most important lakes in the United States is ，which is the largest fresh water lake in the world．A．Lake Superior B．Lake Michigan C．Lake Huron D．Lake Ontario108 New England lies in of the United States．A．the northern part B．the southern partC．the northeastern part D．the southeastern part109 The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a climate．A．subtropical B．continental desert C．maritime D．Mediterranean110 The smallest state in the United States is ．A．Washington B．Rhode Island C．Hawaii D．Maryland111 In the United States，the largest city along the Pacific coast is .A．Los Angeles B．San Francisco C．Seattle D．Portland112 The British established 13 colonies along ．A. the west coast of North America B．the west coast of South AmericaC．the east coast of North America D．the east coast of South America113 In the early 18S0s,with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because ．A．whether the future states formed as a result of the westward movement should be free from slavery would affect the balance of power in the SenateB．the south insisted that slavery should be allowed tospread Into all new territoriesC .the north refused let slavery spread into new territoriesD .the north wanted to put an end to slavery114 The Progressive Movement wanted t0 in order to stop big business controlA．initiate strict government regulation B．have the government fix pricesC．break up all the big businesses D．do away with rebates 115 The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ．A．cultural revival B．loss of purposeC．development in science and technologyD．material success and spiritual frustration116 The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first brought about by ．A．bank failures B．serious unemploymentC．farm foreclosures D．the stock market crash117 The purpose of the New Deal measures was toA．save American democracy and the capitalist systemB．check the worsening of the economic situationC．help people overcome the difficultyD．increase American export118 On June 5，1947, suggested that the U．S．should offer economic aidWestern Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion．A．George Marshall B．Franklin D. RooseveltC．George Kennan D．Harry Truman119 At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis，the President of the U．S．was ．A．Truman B．Eisenhower C．Kennedy D．Johnson120 New Frontier and War on Poverty were programs initiated by ．A．President KennedyB．President JohnsonC．Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD．Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively121 The conservatism during the Reagan administration was known as ．A．the New Left B．the New RightC．the New Frontier D．the New Freedom122 The current situation of African-Americans presents .A．a favorable picture B．a negative pictureC．a mixed picture D. an encouraging picture123 Although legal，official discrimination has been abolished, .A．discrimination in employment still existsB．discrimination in university admission still existsC．poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among aD．inequality and subtle discrimination still exist124 Cuban—Americans mainly live in ．A．Florida B．Texas C．Louisiana D．Alabama125 Some people say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT ．A．family B．hard workC．education D．avoidance of discrimination126 Now about 80％to 90％of immigration to th6 United States is from .A．Asian and Latin American countries B．African countries C．European countries D. Central and South American。
英美国情判断题美国部分
英美国情判断题美国部分英美国情判断题美国部分Unit3 America Beginning1.The question “What is an American?” was first asked by J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur. T2.Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1942. T3.The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F Virginia4.Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from the Roman Catholic Church. F 不是建⽴，⽽是founded5.The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. T （基督教）贵格派教徒6.The theory of politics of the American Resolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century. F English7.By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe. T8.George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founding fathers of the United States of America. F John Adams OR Thomas JeffersonUnit 4 The Political System in the United States1.When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unified nation as it is today. F was not2.The agreement that set this plan of cooperation among different states after the War of American Independence was called the Constitution of the United States. F the Articles of Confederation 联邦条款3.The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. T 联邦制4.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. T 国会5.Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term. F two terms6.The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 众议院F the Senate 参议院7.The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. T ⼈权法案8.The idea of checks and balances as a way of restrictinggovernmental power and preventing its abuse was first provided in the Federalist Paper. T制约与平衡9.Today, the United State has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by the people i n the states of the North and West. T 民主党，共和党10.Americans have to join a political party in order to vote to bea candidate for public office. F 公职do not have toUnit 5 American Economy1.Alexander Hamilton was the third president of the United Stated. F Thomas Jefferson2.The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill. T3.Many people objected to the idea of the corporation because it is less personal than sole proprietorship and partnership. T 所有（权），独资企业；合伙关系4.The United State?s economy suffered from the two World Wars in the 20th century. F not5.Many people believe that the economic freedom of capitalism is crucial to American?s economic success. T 决定性的，重要的6.When people buy stocks, they become part owner of the company. T7.The stockholders make profits even when the company loses money. F8.One reason for America?s affluence is that a lot of people have inherited wealth from their parents, F 富裕9.Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to America?s affluence. T 家庭的，国家的10.Many American leaders have extol led the virtues of farmers. T 赞扬Unit 6 Religion in the United States1.During the War of Independence and many years after that the Americans were mostly concerned about religious freedom.F It was politics and not religion that most occupied American s?minds during the War of Independence and for years afterward.2.According to the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported region. F 联邦政府不得给予任何宗教以特殊优惠。
高二英语政治制度单选题40题(答案解析)
高二英语政治制度单选题40题(答案解析)1.The United States has a ____ system.A.presidentialB.parliamentaryC.monarchicalD.socialist答案：A。
美国是总统制国家，presidential 是总统制的；parliamentary 是议会制的；monarchical 是君主制的；socialist 是社会主义的。
美国不是议会制、君主制和社会主义国家，所以选A。
2.Britain has a ____ system.A.presidentialB.parliamentaryC.monarchicalD.socialist答案：B。
英国是议会制君主立宪制国家，parliamentary 是议会制的；presidential 是总统制的；monarchical 是君主制的，英国是君主立宪制，不完全是君主制；socialist 是社会主义的。
英国不是总统制、君主制和社会主义国家，所以选B。
3.Canada is a ____ country.A.republicB.monarchyC.federalD.socialist答案：C。
加拿大是联邦制国家，federal 是联邦制的；republic 是共和国；monarchy 是君主制；socialist 是社会主义的。
加拿大不是共和国、君主制和社会主义国家，所以选C。
4.Australia has a ____ government.A.federalB.unitaryC.centralizedD.decentralized答案：A。
澳大利亚是联邦制政府，federal 是联邦制的；unitary 是单一制的；centralized 是集中的；decentralized 是分散的。
澳大利亚不是单一制、集中制和分散制国家，所以选A。
5.Switzerland is known for its ____ system.A.direct democracyB.representative democracyC.monarchyD.socialist答案：A。
英国概况习题3
III. Multiple Choice1.Britain does not share land border with any other countries except______.A.FranceB.HollandC.ItalyD.The Republic of Ireland2.The island of Great Britain is divided into _____ parts.A.3B.4C.5D.23.The second longest river in the United Kingdom is the _____.A.Thames RiverB.Clyde RiverC.Severn RiverD.Seine River4.The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 356 kilometersand empties into the Bristol Strait, is _____.A.the Seven RiverB.the Clyde RiverC.the Thames RiverD.the Potomac River5._____ oil and gas have made Britain largely self-sufficient in thesevital fuels.A.The AtlanticB.The PacificC.The Red SeaD.The North Sea6.The climate of Britain is ____ one.A.continentalB.tropicalC.temperateD.subtropical7.Britain’s major minerals are coal, iron ore, tin ore, lead ore, oil and gas,among which ____ and ____ are the most important.A.coal…lead oreB.coal … iron oreC.iron ore…tin oreD.coal (i)8.In the Highlands of Scotland stands ____, Britain’s highest mountaintowering 1300 meters.A.the PenninesB.Ben NevisC.The Southern UplandsD.Cumbria9.The largest lake in the U.K. is _____.A.Lough Erneke NessC.Lough Neaghke Lomond10.T he main rivers parting in Great Britain runs from ____ to ____.A.north…eastB.south…westC.central…eastD.north…south11.T he weather in Great Britain conditions vary rapidly because of______.A.the much rainfallB.a little sunshineC.the edge of European continental anticycloneD.a series of cyclonic depressions from Ireland or Greenland12.O f the three parts of Great Britain, _____ is the smallest both in areaand population.A.ScotlandB.EnglandC.WalesD.Irland13.T he most important river in the United Kingdom is ____.A.the Clyde RiverB.the Seven RiverC.the Thames RiverD.the Forth River14.A mong the four administrative units the most populous and developedis ____.A.ScotlandB.EnglandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland15.I n Scotland there is the Clyde River, on which is situated aship-building center ---_______.A.BelfastB.LondonC.GlasgowD.Manchester16.T he Towns in Scotland are called ____.A.countriesB.shiresmunitiesD.burghs17.B ig Ben is a famous _____ in London.A.statueB.bridgeC.hotelD.clock18.T he Port of London is Britain’s most important _____.A.seaportB.airportC.railway stationitary base19.T he famous Speaker’s Corner is an area inside ___, London, wherespeakers address the public, especially on Sundays.A.the West EndB.Hyde ParkC.WhitehallD.Westminster Abbey20.T he Westminster Abbey is the place where ______.A.the British royal residence in London is located.B.Almost all English kings and queens have been crownedC.The British Prime Minister livesD.The British Parliament is located21.B uckingham Palace is the London residence for ____.A.the King or QueenB.the Prime MinisterC.the Speaker of the CommonsD.the Lord Chancellor of the Upper House22.T he London residence for the King or Queen is ____.A.Hyde ParkB.Buckingham PalaceC.No. 10 Down StreetD.The East End23.T he famous street where offices of the most important ministries ofthe United Kingdom are located, is ______.A.Downing StreetB.Wall StreetC.WhitehallD.Broadway24.L ondon, the capital of the United Kingdom, is situated on ____ nearits mouth.A.the Thames RiverB.the Severn RiverC.the Clyde RiverD.the Tees River25.B ritain’s largest manufacturing industry is ____.A.textile industryB.iron and steel industryC.oil-producing industryD.aircraft industry26.B ritain once reigned supreme in the world of _____ industry.A.paperB.electronicC.mineralD.textile27.O ne of the main characteristics of British economy is _____.A.the purchase of raw materials and the sale of manufactured goodsabroad.B.To import oil from abroadC.To sell coal abroadD.To exchange goods with foreign nations so as to get vitalfoodstuffs and manufactured goods28.T he main agricultural products in Britain are _____, barley, potatoes,sugar-beets and oats.A.riceB.wheatC.tobaccoD.peanuts29.I t was the ____ who brought the English language into England.A.Anglo-saxonsB.CeltsC.NormansD.Danes30.____ as a nation took shape as a result of the unification of the sevenwarring kingdoms in 827.A.ScotlandB.WalesC.IrelandD.England31.T he Roman occupation of Britain lasted nearly ____ years.A.300B.400C.500D.60032.T he English language belongs to ____.A.the Indo-EuropeanB.the Hamito-SemiticC.the Sino-TibetanD.the Altaic33.T homas Becker disputed with Henry II on the _____ matters.A.religiousB.economicC.administrativecational34.T he ____ was established soon after Henry II succeeded to the throne.A.House of YorkB.House of PlantagenetC.House of NormandyD.House of Tudor35.A ccording to the judicial reform by Henry II, petty juries couldactually try ____.A.the accused for small offencesB.the king’s political enemiesC.the barons who abused their privilegesD.even the king himself36.A s King Alfred was not able to drive the Danes out of England, hemade a treaty with them, allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts of England, which later became known as ____.A.the DanelawB.WessexC.SussexD.Normandy37.F eudalism in Britain began in the seventh century, developed duringthe _____ and ended in the Bourgeois Revolution.A.EnclosuresB.Norman ConquestC.Glorious RevolutionD.Reign of Queen Victoria38.W hich of the following historical events did not contribute to thebreakup of the feudal system in Britain?A.The Wars of the RosesB.The Norman ConquestC.The Peasants’ Uprising of 1381D.The English Reformation39.T he main purposes of the Great Charter was ____.A.to protect ordinary peopleB.to restrict the king’s powerC.to restrict the barons’ powerD.to establish a new government40.T he most significant achievements of the Renaissance Movementwere seen in _____.A.economyB.literature and artC.scienceernment politics41.T he Hundred Years’War between Britain and France was startedbecause of the dispute over _____.A.the French throneB.their coloniesC.Joan of ArcD.Relationship with the newly-established United States42.T he Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in ____.A.the clothing industryB.the cotton textile industryC.the steam engine industryD.the railway industry43.W hich of the following Cromwell did not do?A.He dismissed the Long Parliament.B.He beheaded Charles I.C.He declared England to be a commonwealth.D.He prevented America from gaining independence.44.T he English king who was beheaded during the Bourgeois Revolutionwas _____.A.Charles IB.Charles IIC.James ID.Henry II45.T he two major political parties in Britain are the Conservative Partyand the ______.A.Republican PartyB.Democratic Partybour PartyD.Liberal Party46.A t the beginning of World War II, Britain’s policy was _____.A.“splendid isolation”which basically meant non-intervention orappeasementB.to help the Nazi Germany so that it would not attack BritainC.to help any country that fought the Nazi GermanyD.to form an alliance with America and declare war on Germany47.T he Liberal Party, the third largest party of the United Kingdom,developed from the ____ in 1839.A.Whig PartyB.Tory PartyC.Conservative Partybour Party48.O f all the English universities _____ and ____ are the mostwell-known.A.Oxford University … Eton UniversityB.Oxford University…Cambridge UniversityC.Eton College … Winchests CollegeD.Harvard…Yale49.T he grammar school in modern Britain____.A.offers only grammar lessons to pupilsB.emphasizes academic studies and offers more subjects than anyother secondary schoolsC.make a point of giving practical instructions which are consideredto be of help in the pupils’ future workD.only takes in the pupils who are interested in grammar50.T he _____ is an examination taken at about the age of eleven, todecide which type of secondary school a British child will attend.A.Eleven-plusB.“Eleven Tests”C.Eleven-minusD.Eleventh Test51.W hich of the following statements is Not true of Britain’s nationalnewspaper?A.Politically, “The Guardian” is closer to the Labor Party than to theConservative Party.B.“The Daily Telegraph”reflects the views of the ConservativeParty.C.“Daily Mirror”carries a lot of pictures, strip cartoons andinteresting stories for popular appeal. So it is really a tabloid.D.“Daily Mirror”conveys a large amount of political and seriousnews.52.T he most widely-read novel by Jane Austen is ____.A.Mansfield ParkB.EmmaC.Sense and SensibilityD.Pride and Prejudice53.T he Redbrick universities are those including all the provincialuniversities of the period 1850-1930, with ____ as a representative.A.OxfordB.CambridgeC.London UniversityD.Polytechnics54.B ritish _____ painting was at its most importance during theRomantic Movement in the 19th century.A.mysteriousB.symbolicC.surrealistndscape55.____ are the foundation-layers of the English education.A. Grammar schoolsB. Secondary modern schoolsC. Public schoolsD. Nursery schools56.T he real beginning of English modern novel was in _____ and the realfounder of English modern novel was _____.A. the 17th century…DefoeB. the 18th century…RichardsonC. the 19th century… Charles DickensD. the 1930’s … Andson James Bond57.W hich of the following novels was NOT written by Charles Dickens?A. Wuthering HeightsB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectation58.____ is the nickname of Britain.A.Uncle SamB.John ArbuthnotC.Robin HoodD.John Bull59.Most British couples have their wedding ceremony ____ with thebride dressed in ____.A.at home… a long pink dressB.in a park… a short skirtC.in the church…a long white dressD.in the open…a short blue skirt60.The best-known quality of the British people is exclusiveness.One of the important reasons is the special geographical location of Britain. The other is _____.A. its Industrial RevolutionB. its separate nationalityC. the cutting-off of BritainE.the distinct development of its history.61.____ is the English sense of humor.A. Self-importanceB. Self-confidenceC. Self-deprecatingD. Self-knowing62.C hristianity came into being in ____.A. 40 A.D.B. 39 A.D.C. 30 A.D.D.20 A.D.63.W hich of the following holidays is Not celebrated in Britain?A. EasterB. ChristmasC. Thanksgiving DayE.April Fool’s Day64.O n _____ the British people hold dances, games, etc. to welcomespring.A. Christmas DayB. New Year’s DayC. May DayD. April Fool’s Day65.A pril Fool’s Day is on ____.A. 1st of AprilB. 2nd of AprilC. 20th of AprilD. 30th of April66.W hen you are invited to a dinner, you must ____.A. be punctualB. be a little lateC. be sure to attendD. be a little early67.C hildren reach their adolescence when they are ____ years of age.A. eight or nineB. ten or elevenC. thirteen or fourteenD. seventeen or eighteen68.T he gunpowder plot in English history refers to ____.A. James I’s attempt to destroy the Parliament with which he hadbad relationship.B. James I’s attempt to destroy his political enemiesC. Guy Fawkes’ unsuccessful attempt to destroy both the king andthe Parliament by blowing up the Parliament buildingD. Guy Fawkes’ attempt to destroy the Catholic center69.I n Britain the “_____” emergency dialing service is free of charge, bywhich people are quite convenient to be connected rapidly to police, ambulance or fire service.A. 999B. 109C. 119D. 30370.I n Britain only taxi drivers and waiters are permitted to accept a tip,which is usually an extra ____ of the price of the fare or meal.A. tenth or eighthB. twentiethC. halfD. 80%。