哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

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哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研数学真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研数学真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研数学笔记转眼间，时间已将进，空气中弥漫着萧瑟的氛围。

然而对于还在坚持考研的学子来说，一如奥运前夕的赛场，热气腾腾。

提醒大家，要想在考研的战场上笑到最后，必须暂且将眼光从书本和考题中移开，确立明确的复习方法，规划考研正式战役的战略。

一、对症下药查漏补缺到了冲刺阶段，考生开始精心模拟训练，这里考教育教研室李老师提醒考生，针对模拟考试反映出的问题要认真、客观地进行分析。

看看哪些题失了分，弄清失分原因。

比如，是基本知识没掌握好，思维能力跟不上，还是学习态度不端正，审题不仔细，或者是学习方法、学习习惯不好。

要进行全方位的剖析。

因为距离考研的时间有限，要坚持“把时间用在刀刃上”。

补习“短腿科目”，对薄弱环节进行加强分析，看看哪科没考好，冷静分析丢分原因，判断该科是不是弱科。

如果是，则要抓紧时间，多补薄弱学科的基础知识，避免考研时“短腿科目”拉分。

根据复习中的练习暴露的问题查漏补缺，有自己解决不了的问题，千万不要钻“牛角尖”或置之不理，可以请教一下老师或同学!二、整理错题集适度训练考研冲刺复习期间，要有针对性地进行知识复习，尽量多做历年考研模拟卷。

要精心整理错题集，适当精选试题进行模拟训练，考察复习的效果，及时作出调整。

模拟的试题不仅可以检验复习效果，也可以去体会考研命题的思路和命题的延续性，还可以扩大自己做题的宽度和广度。

同时在模拟训练中去把握做题的时间，提高做题的速度和精度。

复习中要根据自身特点找出差距和薄弱环节，适量做题，不要以为做过的题目越多越好、越难越好。

考试可以有选择性的做往年的考研题，通过反复的、阶段循环式的针对性训练来提高复习效果，体会和熟悉考研题型，达到对必考知识的“融会贯通”。

但重要的是做题后，要学会反思，善于总结，尤其是做错了题，要去寻找、分析做错的原因。

这样才能避免难题解不对，基础题解不好。

哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比哈尔滨工程大学少数民族骨干计划考研政治真题二、在下列各题的选项中，至少有一项是符合题意的。

请把所选答案的字母填入题后括号内。

少选、多选、错选，该题不给分。

11.科学家对1994年夏发生的慧星撞击木星的天文现象进行了准确的预报和大量的观察研究，这一事实表明A.世界是可以认识的B.人类可以预测一切自然现象C.人类对宇宙的认识正在不断深化D.人类对宇宙的认识是无止境的E.现代科学手段在认识宇宙中有着巨大作用12.固定资本无形损耗的原因有A.机器设备在生产过程中使用产生磨损B.新的、效率更高的机器设备出现C.机器设备因自然力作用形成损耗D.同类机器设备生产成本降低E.机器设备使用不当造成损失13.19世纪60-90年代中国的洋务派创办的企业具有A.封建性B.垄断性C.腐朽性D.买办性 C.反动性14.国家对社会经济活动实行间接调控，其特征有A.主要通过价格、利率、税率、汇率等经济手段实施调控B.国家计划以市场为基础，总体上是指导性的C.对企业生产经营活动不再直接干预D.行政手段不再成为调节手段E.法律规范、信息指导成为调控的重要手段15.我国民主党派的参政作用表现在A.参加国家政权B.参与国家大政方针和国家领导人选的协商C.参加政府，成为执政党之一D.参与国家事务的管理E.参与国家方针、政策、法律、法规的制定执行16.在当今世界许多地区民族冲突迭起的情况下，我国各族人民和睦相处，共同建设有中国特色的社会主义，这是因为我国A.民族矛盾的根源已完全消除B.形成了平等、互助、团结、合作的新型民族关系C.社会主义制度的确立消灭了民族压迫D.实行了民族区域自治制度E.消除了民族间事实上的不平等17.1968年苏联入侵捷克斯洛伐克，当时东欧国家中对此予以公开谴责的有A.罗马尼亚B.民主德国C.南斯拉夫D.波兰E.匈牙利18.参见下图，可以得知（资料来源：美国《读者文摘》1994年第5期转引自光明日报1994年10月18日）A.水门事件后，美国人对政府的不信任感增加B.三十年来美国人对政府信任的最低点是卡特执政末期C.里根第一任期内美国人对政府的信任增加了20多个百分点D.克林顿入主白宫后无办法扭转美国政府的信任危机E.美国人对政府的信任程度与国内经济状况密切相关19.安全理事会是联合国的主要机构A.负有维持国际和平及安全的主要责任B.就国际间的经济及社会事务开展活动C.作出的决议，全体会员国应接受并履行D.负责管理联合国的内部事务E.对托管领土的事务实施行政监督20.新时期爱国主义教育的基本指导思想是A.以邓小平同志建设有中国特色社会主义理论和党的基本路线为指导B.有利于促进社会主义现代化建设C.有利于促进改革开放D.有利于维护国家和民族的声誉、尊严、团结和利益E.有利于促进祖国统一的事业。

哈尔滨工程大学硕士参考书目

哈尔滨工程大学2010年硕士研究生招生参考书目院系考试科目参考用书第一作者出版单位备注（初试、复试、加试）001 船舶力学流体力学张亮哈尔滨工程大学出版社初试船舶结构力学陈铁云上海交通大学出版社001 流体力学1 流体力学张亮哈尔滨工程大学出版社初试001 水力学水力学赵振兴河海大学出版社初试001 船舶设计原理船舶设计教程程斌上海交通大学出版社复试001 船舶原理船舶原理盛振邦上海交通大学出版社复试001 水动力学船舶流体动力学纽曼人民交通出版社复试001 土力学土力学卢廷浩河海大学出版社复试土力学杨进良中国水利水电出版社001 结构力学结构力学李家宝高等教育出版社复试001 工程力学流体力学张亮哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试001 结构力学李家宝高等教育出版社001 材料力学材料力学ⅠⅡ刘鸿文高等教学育出版社（4版）加试001 理论力学理论力学哈尔滨工业大学出版加试001 机械原理机械原理第七版郑文纬高等教育出版社加试001 机械零件机械设计第七版濮良贵高等教育出版社加试002 材料力学《材料力学》第四版刘鸿文高等教育出版社 2004 初试002 结构力学结构力学I 龙驭球高等教育出版社 2006 初试002 流体力学2 《工程流体力学》（第三版）孔珑中国电力出版社2007 初试002 传热学《传热学》（第四版）杨世铭陶文铨高等教育出版社 2006 复试002 理论力学理论力学哈工大编写高等教育出版社 2004 复试002 弹性力学弹性力学徐芝纶高等教育出版社 2005 复试002 钢结构钢结构设计陈树华华中科技大学出版社 2008 复试002 钢筋混凝土混凝土及砌体结构哈尔滨工业大学等院校合编中国建筑工业出版社2002复试002 飞行器结构力学飞行器结构力学梁立孚宇航出版社2003 复试002 振动理论机械振动结构动力分析季文美商大中科学出版社哈工程出版社加试002 有限元法有限单元法教程王焕定哈工大出版社加试002 测试技术热工参数测量与处理吕崇德清华大学出版社2001 加试002 热质交换原理《热质交换原理与设备》（第二版）连之伟中国建筑工业出版社2007 加试002 房屋建筑学房屋建筑学房屋建筑学崔艳秋同济大学等合编中国电力出版社 2005中国建筑工业出版社2005加试002 施工组织与施工技术土木工程施工重庆大学等合编中国建筑工业出版社2003加试003 工程热力学《工程热力学》沈维道高等教育出版社初试003 热工基础《热工基础与应用》傅秦生机械工业出版社初试003 传热学《传热学》（第四版）杨世铭、陶文铨高等教育出版社复试003 内燃机原理《内燃机原理》刘永长华中科技大学出版社复试003 燃气轮机原理《船舶燃气轮机装置原理与设计》刘光宇哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社复试003 动力装置概论《船舶动力装置概论》张志华哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试003 机械振动噪声学《机械振动噪声学》赵玫科学出版社加试003 自动控制原理《自动控制原理》李友善国防工业出版社加试004 自动控制原理《自动控制原理》胡寿松科学出版社初试004 微机原理及应用《微型计算机原理及应用》吕淑萍哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试004 工程数学《工程数学复变函数》西安交通大学高等数学教研室编高等教育出版社加试004 工程数学《工程数学线性代数》同济大学数学教研室编高等教育出版社加试004 电路基础《电路基础》姜钧仁等著哈尔滨工程出版社加试004 电力电子技术《电力电子变流技术》（第3版）黄俊王兆安编机械工业出版社复试004 普通生物学《普通生物学》陈阅增著高等教育出版社复试004 普通生物学《生命科学导论》北京大学生命科学学院高等教育出版社复试005 数字电路数字电子技术基础（第五版）阎石高等教育出版社初试、复试005 模拟电路模拟电子技术基础童诗白高等教育出版社复试005 普通物理普通物理程守洙高等教育出版社初试、复试、加试005 振动与声基础声学理论基础何祚镛国防工业出版社初试005 微机原理微型计算机系统原理及应用（第四版）周明德清华大学出版社加试005 信号与系统信号与系统信号与系统（第二版）信号与系统OPPENHEIM乐正友著西安交通大学出版社清华大学出版社初试、加试005 数学物理方法数学物理方法梁昆淼著清华大学出版社复试006 数据库原理数据库系统概论（第四版）萨师煊高等教育出版社复试006 计算机系统结构计算机系统结构（第四版）李学干西安电子科技大学出版社复试006 离散数学离散数学屈婉玲高等教育出版社复试006 C程序设计C程序设计谭浩强清华大学出版社加试006 数字逻辑数字逻辑吴继娟哈尔滨工程大学出版社加试007 机械原理《机械原理》（第7版）郑文纬高等教育出版社初试007 设计史论《工业设计史》何人可高等教育出版社初试007 专业设计综合《工业设计理念与方法》张宪荣北京理工大学出版社初试《产品设计效果图技法》清水吉治北京理工大学出版社初试007 机械设计机械设计杨恩霞哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试007 机械设计机械设计濮良贵高等教育出版社复试007 设计方法学工业设计方法学简召全北京理工大学出版社复试007 机械制造工艺学机械制造工艺学赵长发哈尔滨工程大学出版社加试007 机械制造工艺学机械制造工艺学王先逵清华大学出版社加试007 数控技术数控技术黄国权哈尔滨工程大学出版社加试007 数控技术数控技术王永章高等教育出版社加试007 人机工程学人机工程学丁玉兰北京理工大学出版社加试007 设计心理学设计心理学李彬彬中国轻工业出版社加试007 设计心理学消费行为学著L.G.希夫曼华东师范大学出版社加试008 电子电路1、《模拟电子技术基础》（第四版）2、《数字电子技术基础》（第四版）童诗白阎石高等教育出版社高等教育出版社初试008 信号与系统《信号与系统》（第二版）郑君里高等教育出版社复试008 通信原理《通信原理》（第四版）樊昌信国防工业出版社复试008 微机原理《微型计算机技术及应用》（第二版）戴梅萼清华大学出版社加试008 数字信号处理《数字信号处理教程》程佩清清华大学出版社加试009 管理学管理学概论李柏洲哈尔滨工程大学出版社初试009 经济学现代西方经济学原理刘厚俊南京大学出版社初试009 经济学原理现代西方经济学原理刘厚俊南京大学出版社初试009 金融市场学金融市场学何国华武汉大学出版社复试、加试009 货币银行学货币银行学艾洪德东北财经大学出版社加试009 产业经济学产业经济学教程产业经济学杨公仆苏东水上海财经大学出版社高等教育出版社复试、加试009 工业经济管理新编工业经济管理学李柏洲哈尔滨工程大学出版社加试009 国际贸易学国际贸易学国际贸易学赵春明黄鲁成石油工业出版社清华大学出版社复试、加试009 国际经济学国际经济学国际经济学陈伟佟家栋哈尔滨工程大学出版社南开大学出版社加试009 运筹学《运筹学基础及应用》胡运权哈尔滨工业大学出版社复试、加试009 计量经济学《计量经济学》《计量经济学—方法和应用》范德成李子奈哈尔滨工程大学出版社清华大学出版社加试009 技术经济学《工业技术经济学》（第3版）《工程经济学》傅家骥黄瑜祥清华大学出版社同济大学出版社复试009 企业战略管理《企业战略管理》刘冀生清华大学出版社加试009 教育管理学《教育管理学教程》周强哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试、加试009 行政管理学《行政管理学理论与实践》王宏彬吉林文史出版社加试009 公共政策学《公共政策行为》王传宏中国国际广播出版社加试009 管理学管理学概论李柏洲哈尔滨工程大学出版社MBA复试010 材料科学基础材料科学基础赵品哈尔滨工业大学初试010 材料物理学材料物理王国梅武汉理工大学出版社复试010 热加工原理材料加工原理徐洲科学出版社复试010 力学性能工程材料力学性能刘瑞堂哈尔滨工业大学加试010 测试技术材料近代分析测试方法常铁军哈尔滨工业大学加试010 物理化学物理化学(上、下册，第四版) 天津大学物理化学教研室编高等教育出版社初试010 水污染控制工程水污染控制工程(下册，第二版)高廷耀高等教育出版社初试010 无机化学无机化学(第三版) 天津大学无机化学教研室编高等教育出版社复试010 有机化学有机化学（第三版）高鸿宾高等教育出版社加试010 分析化学分析化学（第五版）华东理工大学化学系高等教育出版社加试011 普通物理《物理学教程马文蔚高教出版社初试011 数学分析《数学分析》（第三版）复旦大学数学系高等教育出版社初试011 高等代数《高等代数》（第三版）北京大学数学系高等教育出版社初试011 光学《光学》赵凯华、钟锡华北京大学出版社初试、复试011 光学《光学教程》姚启钧高等教育出版社初试、复试011 光学《工程光学》郁道银等机械工业出版社初试、复试011 普通物理实验《大学物理实验》康崇哈尔滨工程大学出版社同等学力加试011 微机原理《微型计算机技术及应用》戴梅萼等清华大学出版社同等学力加试011 电动力学《电动力学》郭硕鸿高等教育出版社复试011 常微分方程《常微分方程》王高雄等高等教育出版社复试011 空间解析几何《空间解析几何》黄宣国著复旦大学出版社复试011 实变函数《简明实变函数》杨海欧著哈尔滨工程大学出版社复试011 概率论《概率论》复旦大学高等教育出版社同等学力加试011 复变函数《复变函数》余家荣著高等教育出版社同等学力加试012 俄语（二外）《新编俄语教程》（修订本）1-2册渚同英上海外语教育出版社初试012 日语（二外）《标准日本语》初级、中级中日合编人民教育出版社初试012 德语（二外）《新编大学德语》1-3册朱建华外语教学与研究出版社初试012 法语（二外）《新大学法语》1-3册李志清高等教育出版社初试012 基础英语本科目为英语水平测试，故无参考书目，考生可参考考试大纲进行复习。

“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”全攻略

少数民族高层次骨干计划全攻略（网上传阅的一篇文章）最近一直有很多师弟师妹向我咨询少数民族骨干计划的一些具体情况，而作为一名2009年的少数民族骨干考生，我也一直想对后来者说些什么，不是忠告，也并非纯粹的宣传，只是我报考这个计划的时候，得到了不少好心网友的指点，对我的帮助特别大，也许就是非常简单的一点信息，但是对于需要这个信息的受用者来说，那也是具有决定作用的，所以我希望继承前辈们的光荣传统，发扬这种share的精神，希望的我的介绍能对大家有所帮助。

一、政策简介少数民族高层次骨干培养计划（以下简称少干计划），是五部委为贯彻党的民族政策以科教兴国战略推进西部大开发战略的重大举措。

计划从2006年起用五年时间为西部培养一批少数民族高学历专业人才，培养学校为211以上重点大学，生源为西部省市区。

按照“定向招生、定向培养、定向就业”的要求，采取“统一考试、适当降分”等特殊政策措施招收新生。

毕业生一律按定向培养和就业协议到定向地区和单位就业，硕士服务期限为5年，博士8年。

经费享受中央级高校研究生的拨款政策。

更详尽的介绍可参照教育部网站上民族教育司的相关文件，我在此对这个计划的某些方面做一些私人的补充，首先是大家问的最多的关于这个计划五年期限的问题，2006开始少干计划原则上是五年，但是包括我所在的培训基地的老师在内，多数人都认为五年只是第一期计划，接下来跟进二期三期计划的可能性极大，理由如下：一是当前的严峻就业形势，研究生扩招已成为现实，国家在增加专业硕士招生名额的同时，也不会忽视少干计划的作用，而且虽说我国经济有回暖趋势，但是真正恢复以及彻底解决大学生就业问题不是短期内能完成的，二是从此计划的产生背景来说，既然是西部大开发的一个重大举措，那么它一定具有长效型，因为只有长期的不间断的坚持人才计划，才会很好的完成这个西部大开发的战略，相信中央的决策机制一定不会想不到这一点，三是培训基地有长期建设的迹象，这个消息来源于我们老师，具体的不做过多累述。

四川大学少数民族骨干计划考研专业英语

四川大学少数民族骨干计划考研专业英语English:The Sichuan University Minority Backbone Plan is a specialized program designed to prepare students from ethnic minority backgrounds for postgraduate studies in English. This program aims to provide comprehensive training in English language proficiency, academic research skills, and cultural awareness to empower minority students to excel in their chosen fields. Through rigorous coursework, intensive language training, and exposure to diverse perspectives, students in this program develop a strong foundation in English language and academic abilities. The curriculum covers a wide range of topics including language proficiency, academic writing, critical thinking, and intercultural communication. Additionally, students engage in practical research projects and seminars to enhance their research capabilities and prepare them for advanced academic study. The program also emphasizes the importance of cultural sensitivity and understanding, encouraging students to appreciate and respect diverse cultural perspectives. Overall, the Sichuan University Minority Backbone Plan provides asupportive and enriching environment for minority students to succeed in their academic and professional endeavors.中文翻译:四川大学少数民族骨干计划是一个专门为少数民族学生设计的考研英语培训项目。

东北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

东北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比东北师范大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语笔记1.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although,in the manner of a disgraced government minister,I covered my exit by claiming"I wanted to spend more time with my family".(2002.阅读.Text5)【译文】一次平级的人事调动伤了我的自尊心，并阻断了我的事业发展，这促使我放弃自己地位较高的职业，当然，就像面子扫尽的政府部长那样，我也掩饰说“我只想与家人更多的呆在一起”。

【析句】句子的主干是A lateral move promoted me...career although I covered my exit...。

其中，主句的主句a lateral move后有定语从句that my pride...progess起修饰限定作用；although引导的让步状语从句中，两个逗号之间是介词短语作插入语，可以放在句子后面以便于理解。

2.I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of"juggling your life",and making the alternative move into"downshifting"brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.(2002.阅读.Text5)【译文】我已经发现（由于压力过大，凯茜已多次公开宣称要辞去《她》杂志编辑的职务，在这之后她也许会有同样发现），放弃“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲学，转而过一种“放慢生活节奏”的生活所带来的回报，比经济成功和社会地位更有价值。

西南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

西南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比西南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题Text2A deal is a deal-except,apparently,when Entergy is involved.The company,a major energy supplier in New England,provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.Instead,the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court,as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.It’s a stunning move.The conflict has been surfacing since2002,when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant,an aging reactor in Vernon.As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale,the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past2012.In2006,the state went a step further,requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.Then,too,the company went along.Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments,or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next.A string of accidents,including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in2007and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage,raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management–especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe.Enraged by Entergy’s behavior,the Vermont Senate voted26to4last year against allowing an extension.Now the company is suddenly claiming that the2002agreement is invalid because of the2006legislation,and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power,legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.Certainly,there arevalid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.But had Entergy kept its word,that debate would be beside the point.The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has nothing left to lose by going to war with the state.But there should be consequences.Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust. Entergy runs11other reactors in the United States,including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth.Pledging to run Pilgrim safely,the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another20years.But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)reviews the company’s application,it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.26.The phrase“reneging on”(Line3.para.1)is closest in meaning to短语“reneging on”最接近那个意思：[A]condemning.谴责[B]reaffirming.再次确认[C]dishonoring.不守信用[D]securing.安全解析：词意题：A deal is a deal之后出现except，表明前后相反；还有一次题眼：commitment to abide by；前面出现provoked justified outrage，一个是正当的愤怒，一个是守承诺，那么中间就只能是不受承诺了。

学术英语交流哈工程慕课答案2023

1.11.Different from personal writings, academic writings must be professional, objective, formal and logical. (对)1.21.What are the main features of academic writing? 全选Objectivity formality explicitness responsibility hedging2.You’d better make strong claims in your academic writing. (错)1.31. IMRad structure is good for all the journal articles in all the disciplines. (错)2. IMRaD structure includes the following parts:(全选)Methods Results discussion introduction第一章章节测试General introduction1.The structure of the journal article in all disciplines is the same.(错)2.If you are writing a paper in order to answer a specific question subjectively, the IMRaD structure willmost likely serve your purposes best.（错）3.The goal of using the IMRaD format is to present facts objectively, demonstrating a genuine interestand care /in developing new understanding about a topic. (对)4.Many disciplines tend to combine the results and discussion section, instead of dividing findings frominterpretations of these findings. (对)5.The tone of academic writing can be very different depending on the discipline you are writing for.(对)6.Discussion illustrates ().what the findings mean.7.To be objective, which is the best choice in academic writing? ()It is a very challenging study.8.The main purpose of the method section is to tell () you did it . how9.Which are the features of academic ? (全选)formality explicitness responsibility objectivity10. The Introduction tells () and () you did the research, What why2.1.11. The title is the most-read and first-read part of an academic paper. (对)2. A good title for a research paper should accomplish the following goals :(全选)A good title predicts the content of the research paper. A good title should be interesting to the reader. A good title should reflect the tone of the writing. A good title contains keywords that will make it easy to access by a computer search.2.1.2A long title with too many descriptive words or terms with multiple meanings may lead to misunderstandings. (对)2.2.1The title is the first-read part of the paper , so it is better to create the title first and then write the article. (错)“COVID-19 face masks: A potential source of microplastic fibers in the environment” is not a good titl e, because we can never use abbreviations or acronyms in the research paper titles. (错)One of the rules of title writing is to use the right capitalization, which is the best choice for you when submitting your paper? ()The guidelines to the authors of your target journal are the best directions for you to make the decision. So follow them strictly.2.2.2We usually have () steps to create a good title.5The questions we usually ask ourselves when start to create a final title are (), (), () and ().全选What is my research paper about? What methods/techniques were used? What or who was the subject of my study? What were the results?第二章章节测试Title1.A wrong title choice can break the quality of the paper you submit.. (对)2.The general title is much better than the detailed one. (错)3.“AE and Related NDE techniques in the fracture mechanics of concrete” is not a good title, because we can never use abbreviations or acronyms in the research paper titles. (错)4.It is not good to contain keywords in the title, because they are usually too difficult to understand. (错)5.We usually use the parallel structure to make the title unified. (错)6.()is the most frequent structures occurred in the research paper titles in sciences. The nominal group construction7.To make the title easier to access by a computer search, we usually contain () in the title. important key words8.We’d better create the final title () the paper writing. After9.The main functions of the title are: ()Attracting the readers Presenting the core contents Indexing10.The requirements to make a good title are: (全选)Being descriptive Being brief and interesting Being standard Being unified.3.1.11.The abstract covers the following sections: Introduction, Method, Result, Discussion and conclusion,just the same of IMRaD structure. (对)2.An abstract is “a concise summary of the whole paper”,An abstract is “a concise summary of the wholepaper”, providing readers with a quick overview of the paper and its organization. (对)3.1.21.The main types of the abstracts are:(全选)Descriptive abstracts Informative abstracts Structuredabstracts All of the above2.The main features of the abstract are: (), (), and ().conciseness objectivity completeness3.1.31. An descriptive abstract is the condensed version of the whole paper, it usually has four key elements in the body of an abstract. They are: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion.错2.The () part should be the longest part of the informative abstract. Results3.2.11.Write the abstract after the draft is done. (对)2.Active voice should be avoided in an abstract writing, because it is too subjective. (错)3.The abstract is text-only writing. So never include Images, illustration figures and tables.对3.2.21.Reveal your findings by listing all the results from your Results section. This part will include thedescription of the results ofReveal your findings by listing all the results from your Results section.This part will include the description of the results of your research, whether you supported or rejecteda hypothesis.(错)2.The questions that you usually try to answer in the abstract are: (全选).What did you do and why?How did do? What did you find? What do the findings mean?第三章章节测试Abstract1.The abstract section can work as the decided part of a research paper to be published or not. (对)2.The abstract works as a marketing tool. It is selling your paper to the editors and readers, helpingthem to decide “whether there is something in the body of the paper worth reading”. (对)3.The abstract is text-only writing. So never include Images, illustration figures and tables. (对)4.The descriptive abstract includes information about the purpose, scope and methods , the majorfindings , results and conclusions of your research.(错)5.The informative abstract includes the results and discussions of the research, but the descriptive onedoes not. (对)6.The sequence of questions that you usually try to answer in the abstract are: (A )1）What did you do and why?2）How did do?3）What did you find?4）What do the findings mean? A. 1）-2) - 3) -4）7. Which kind of the abstract is it? () “Various studies in inspection have demonstrated the usefulness of feedforward and feedback in improving performance. However, these studies have looked at the search and decision making components separately. Hence, it is difficult to draw generalized conclusions on the effects of feedforward and feedback for inspection tasks that have both search and decision making components. In response to this need, this study evaluates the individual and collective effect of feedforward and feedback on an inspection task that has both the search and decision-making components. For this purpose, the study used a computer simulated inspection task generated by the VisIns program. Twenty-four subjects, randomly assigned to various conditions, performed an inspection task wherein the feedforward and the feedback conditions were manipulated between subjects. Defect probability and the number of defects were also manipulated within subjects. Subsequently, the search and decision-making performances were analyzed and interpreted .”descriptive8.Which kind of the abstract is it? (). As humans accelerate the pace of marine development, autonomous underwater vehicles () are increasingly attracting worldwide attention. Due to the limitations of carrying energy and battery technology, AUV's endurance is nonideal. Therefore, designers usually make AUVs more streamlined to reduce drag. Here we show that when a layer of porous material is attached to an AUV's surface, the AUV's drag changes significantly. In this paper, simulations of the basic body of a REMUS100 and SUBOFF submarine model were carried out under multiple conditions. It is found that the drag increases as the porous viscosity coefficient or the thickness of the porous material increases. When REMUS100 and SUBOFF models are attached to the porous material with suitable porous viscosity coefficient, their drag becomes smaller. Boundary layer theory is also used to explain and analyze the phenomenon of the proportional increase of viscous pressure drag when using porous material, which is verified by vertical plate numerical simulations. Finally, we tested the mechanical properties of porous nickel and aluminum alloy 6061, and found that the porous material does have an effect of drag reduction, and can reduce the fluctuation range of the drag during the movement. Informative9.The () part should be the second-longest part of the informative abstract ? Methods10.The abstract should express your central idea and your key points, including the () or () of the researchyou discuss in the paper. Implications Applications4.1.11.Based on introduction, the readers can know the clues of your critical thinking. (对)2.Introduction cannot show the purpose clearly. (错)4.1.21. Introduction includes () parts in an academic paper. 52. In background, we need to introduce the general situation of the research field. (对)4.2.11. Even a broad opening needs to be clearly related to your topic. (对)2. We usually use three tenses in the section of Introduction. They are (), (), and (). simple present simple past present perfect4.2.21. In literature review, we’d better develop it from the more general context to the more specific topic. (对)2. The words like () and () are used to express people’s interest and significance of the study.Attention importance4.2.31. The sentence like “… has been studied extensively in recent years” is usually used to show () in Introduction. Background2. The sentence like “The present study will mainly explore…” is usually used to describe () in Introduction. purpose第四章章节测试Introuduction1. Introduction leads the audience from a general topic area to a certain topic of inquiry.对2. Introduction tells the readers why they make the investigation, where they start, and where they intend to go to. (对)3. Even a broad opening needs to be clearly related to the topic. (对)4. In the section of literature review, we’d better develop it from the more specific topic to the more general context. (错)5. We can use logical connectives to relate the information into a whole part. (对)6. The section of purpose clearly indicates the specific () that guides the research. Objective7. Literature review is about the () studies. Previous8. In the part of research gap, we display the points that (). are not studied yet9. Which are the functions of Introduction? () creating a first impression highlighting the topiclimiting the research scope10. The research background is usually presented with ( ) and ( ). reviewed literature recent development5.1.11. There are () common types of literature reviews. 22. A literature review usually has () functions. 65.1.21.The four organizational methods in literature review are (), (), () and ().全选by chronological orderby theoretical perspective by the themes to be addressed by methodology5.2.11. Criticizing other’s work without any basis can be beneficial to your paper. (错)2. There are () steps to develop a literature review. 45.2.21. “Summarizing” is a good way to avoid plagiarism. (对)2. To avoid using convoluted sentences can help us to achieve coherence.(对)5.2.31. The sentence like “… have been developed to do…” can be used to emphasize th at certain topic is used for certain purpose. (对)2. We usually use three tenses in writing a literature review. They are: (), (), and (). simple present simple past present perfect第五章章节测试Literature review1. Literature reviews are aimed to summarize some sources and provideLiterature reviews are aimed to summarize some sources and provide necessary information about a topic. (对)2. To organize the literature review by chronological order is to trace the development of the topic over time from the latest work to the earliest. (错)3. A well-written literature review is about a simple summary of prior works. (错)4. We must point out the shortcomings of previous works. (错)5. We need to avoid too much direct quoting. (对)6. When we summarize the main idea, () is a good and common method. Paraphrasing7. To make our review cohesive, we can repeat (), or use some addition connectors. key words8. There are () central techniques to show attitude or stance. 59. In the section of literature review, we collect information and sources of relevant topics from (), (), (), and so on.scholarly articles academic conference speeches dissertations/theses10. The two types of citations are () and (). information prominent citation author prominent citation6.1.11. The investigation method is used to collect materials about the current situation or historical situation of the research topic. (对)2. Academic norms are some basic procedures, methods and requirements that researchers should follow in the process of scientific research. (对)6.1.21. We need to describe the procedure employed in chronological order. (对)2. The three moves for writing Materials and methods are (), (), and (). contextualizing study methodsdescribing the study analyzing data.6.2.11. If you use anyone else's work to help you apply your methodology, discuss those works and show how they contribute to your own work. (对)2. We don’t need to discuss the weaknesses or criticisms of the methods you've chosen. (错)6.2.21. The description of the research procedure and the various materials used in each step is usually used with the simple past tense. (对)2. According to Ben Mudrak, there are () rules to write a good Materials and methods section. 4第六章章节测试Materials and methods1. The section of Materials and methods is a description of what was actually done. (对)2. The investigation method is used to just collect materials about the current situation. (错)3. Research methods in arts and science are different. (对)4. You must include enough detail that your study can be replicated by others in your field. (对)5. Reading other research papers is a good way to identify potential problems that commonly arise with various methods. (对)6. In terms of Data Analysis, it tells the reader how the () were analyzed. Data7. The description of the research procedure and the various materials used in each step is usually used with (). the simple past tense8. If the research material is conventional and not a specific material reported in the paper, we use (). the simple present tense9. The qualitative method refers to use (), (), and () to process the obtained materials. induction and deduction analysis and synthesis abstraction and generalization10. The three moves for writing Materials and Methods include (), (), and ().contextualizing study methods describing the study analyzing data7.1.11. 1. Results section in a journal paper is about“what was found” in the experiment.对2. Common non-textual elements may include ().graph histogram matrix7.1.21. Non-textual elements may be used as many as you like. (错)2. Non-textual elements should follow the following guideline: () cite the source7.2.11. Non-textual elements may be used as many as you like. (错)2. Non-textual elements should follow the following guideline: () cite the source7.2.21. In results section, abbreviations are not preferred to be used frequently. (对)第七章章节测试Results1. Figures and tables are the main aids in illustrating the results section . (对)2. A chart or a table may help you highlight the important pieces of information in your paper. (对)3. Data listed in the results section should be carefully selected and revised in the journal paper. (错)4. In results section, background information should be reported again in order to facilitate the comparison or contrast of those specific results. (错)5. How to design your graphs in your journal paper?() Make each line on a graph as easily distinguishable as possible6. Non-textual elements are used for _____. () a certain purpose7. It is necessary to ______ your results in detail in the results section. () list8. Embedding a chart, a table or other non-textual elements into the paper can bring added _____to the research. () clarity9. Results section includes the following elements: () an introductory context a summary of the key findings an inclusion of non-textual elements10. For most research paper formats, there are the following ways to present and organize the results. ()Presenting the results followed by a short explanation of the findings. Presenting a section and discussing it.8.11. We learned that the result section answers the question“W-H-A-T”, and then the discussion section answers the most important question, namely, ____. SO WHAT2. In some papers, results section and discussion section are combined into one. (对)8.2.11. You may repeat the information you have already got in the results section once again in the discussion section in detail. (错)8.2.21. An effective way to develop your discussion section is to _____. () acknowledge the limitations2. An effective writing style of limitations in discussion section is to assess the impact of each limitation. (对)8.2.31. All Discussion sections are analytical, but not descriptive.对8.2.41. When we want to interpret the results, which tense is preferred? () past tense2. In this lecture , we mainly focus on the following aspects: (全选)tense voice diction第八章章节测试Discussion1. The discussion section can most effectively show your ability as a researcher to think critically about the issue studied. ()The discussion section can most effectively show your ability as a researcher to think critically about the issue studied. (对)2. The discussion section helps to engage the readers in thinking critically about issues based upon an evidence-based interpretation of findings.(对)3. It is not necessary to identify the relationship, patterns and corralations among the received data. (错)4. It is not necessary to discuss the reasons why you have got some unexpected data and defin their importance. (错)5. According the IMRAD format, discussion section is the _____ part of the body. () fourth6. Discussion section usually presents the underlying meaning of your research, which means_____?() Making the implications7. While we summarize the main findings in the discussion section, what should be done? () Present a comparison or a contrast with the published studies.8. Which of the following expression is true? () If access is denied or limited in some way , describe the reasons.9. When we focus on the discussion section, we mainly talk about the following elements?(全选) interpretation implication limitation and recommendation10. When discussing th limitations of your research, make sure to _____? (全选) explain why each limitation exists describe each limitation in detailed but concisely provide the reasons why each limitation could not be overcome9.11. The writing of introduction goes from specific to general, while the writing of conclusion goes from general to specific. (错)2. What would you do after evaluating the research results in conclusion?() restate the research purpose9.21. Present tense is often used by the author to restate the aim of the paper of tell readers his work done earlier. (错)2. The writers ought to ______ the major points already mentioned in the introduction of the synthesize第九章章节测试Conclusion1. You need to write a long and complex conclusion with enough details in order to make the paper appear professional。

东南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比

东南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题、笔记、参考书、大纲、录取分数线、报录比东南大学少数民族骨干计划考研英语真题Text3Up until a few decades ago,our visions of the future were largely-though by no means uniformly-glowingly positive.Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity,leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable,as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years-so why shouldn't we?Take a broader look at our species'place in the universe,and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens,if not hundreds,of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the"Red List"of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature(IUCN),and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed,adaptable, currently increasing,and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold?A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example,the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully,it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences,is dazzlingly complicated,and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.That's one reason why we have launched Arc,a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance.As so often,the past holds the key to the future:wehave now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet,and our species,to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.To be sure,the future is not all rosy.But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans,and to improve the lot of those to come.31.Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A]our desire for lives of fulfillment[B]our faith in science and technology[C]our awareness of potential risks[D]our belief in equal opportunity32.The IUCN’s“Red List”suggest that human being are[A]a sustained species[B]a threaten to the environment[C]the world’s dominant power[D]a misplaced race33.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph5?[A]Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B]Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C]The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D]Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34.To ensure the future of mankind,it is crucial to[A]explore our planet’s abundant resources[B]adopt an optimistic view of the world[C]draw on our experience from the past[D]curb our ambition to reshape history35.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Uncertainty about Our Future[B]Evolution of the Human Species[C]The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D]Science,Technology and HumanityText4On a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to“establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun.On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately“occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.The8-0objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as“a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them.But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36.Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A]deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B]disturbed the power balance between different states.[C]overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D]contradicted both the federal and state policies.37.On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A]Federal officers’duty to withhold immigrants‘information.[B]States’independence from federal immigration law.[C]States’legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D]Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38.It can be inferred from Paragraph5that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A]violated the Constitution.[B]undermined the states’interests.[C]supported the federal statute.[D]stood in favor of the states.39.The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A]outweighs that held by the states.[B]is dependent on the states’support.[C]is established by federal statutes.[D]rarely goes against state laws.40.What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A]Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B]Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C]Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D]The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world,working both inside and outside academia.According to the World Social Science Report2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about11%every year since2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change,security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger,from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers.Here, too,the problems are social:the organization and distribution of food,wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world.To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction. Today,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed”or“climate change”have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____When social scientists do tackle practical issues,their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example.And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding(44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction.Social scientistswho complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon2020,a new program to be enacted in2014,would not have such a category,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A]It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B]However,the numbers are still small:in2010,about1,600of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.[C]the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security,marine research and the bio-economy,clear,efficient energy;and inclusive,innovative and secure societies.[D]the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community,and what it considers to be its main goal.Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists,especially the young ones.[E]These issues all have root causes in human behavior.All require behavioral change and social innovations,as well as technological development.Stemming climate change,for example,is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F]Despite these factors,many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems.And in Europe,some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it withincross-cutting topics of sustainable development.[G]During the late1990s,national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government,higher education,non-profit and corporate-varied from around 4%to25%;in most European nations,it is about15%.。

黑龙江省考研外国语学科复习资料语法重点知识点总结

黑龙江省考研外国语学科复习资料语法重点知识点总结外国语学科复习在考研备考中占据重要的地位。

语法是外语学习的基础，掌握好语法的重点知识点对于考研复习非常关键。

本文将针对黑龙江省考研外国语学科复习资料中的语法重点知识点进行总结，并提供一些复习建议。

一、时态（1）一般现在时：表示现在或经常性的行为、事实、真理（2）一般过去时：表示过去的行为或状态（3）现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作（4）过去进行时：表示过去某个时间进行的动作（5）现在完成时：表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响或结果（6）过去完成时：表示过去某一动作或状态在过去某一时间发生或结束之前已经发生或存在（7）将来时：表示将来某个时间里将要发生的动作或存在的状态二、语态（1）被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者（2）进行时的被动语态：表示主语在进行某个动作时是被动的三、句子类型（1）陈述句：陈述一个事实或状态，常使用陈述句式即主语+谓语+宾语（2）疑问句：用来询问信息，常使用疑问句式即助动词/情态动词/疑问代词/疑问副词+主语+谓语+宾语/其他成分（3）祈使句：用来表示请求、命令等，常使用祈使句式即谓语四、从句（1）定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句，常使用关系代词或关系副词引导（2）宾语从句：作为动词的宾语的从句，常使用连词如that, whether, if引导（3）状语从句：作为句子的状语的从句，常使用连词如when, while, as, since, because引导（4）主语从句：作为句子主语的从句，常使用连词如that, whether, if引导五、连接词（1）并列连词：表示并且、或者、但是的词语，常使用and, or, but 等（2）转折连词：表示相反、转折关系的词语，常使用however, but 等（3）因果连词：表示原因和结果的词语，常使用because, so等（4）条件连词：表示条件关系的词语，常使用if, unless等（5）时间连词：表示时间关系的词语，常使用when, while, as等总结：复习外国语学科的语法重点知识点是考研备考的重要任务之一。

考研特殊政策——少数民族高层次骨干人才计划

少数民族高层次骨干人才招生计划为国家定向培养专项招生计划，2010年计划招收4000名硕士研究生，招生任务由教育部指定院校承担。

录取人员中汉族学生比例原则上不超过10%，非在职人员比例原则上不超过50%。

一、培养目标培养坚定地拥护中国共产党的领导和社会主义制度、坚定地维护民族团结和国家统一、立志为西部大开发和民族地区发展服务；在本门学科内掌握坚实的基础理论和系统的专门知识，具有从事科学研究、教学、管理或独立担负专门技术工作能力和创新精神的高级专门人才。

二、招生政策招生工作按“定向招生、定向培养、定向就业”原则，采取“自愿报考，统一考试、适当降分、单独统一划线”的特殊措施。

三、招生生源生源范围：西部12省、自治区、直辖市，海南省，新疆生产建设兵团，河北、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江四省民族自治地方，湖南湘西自治州、张家界（享受西部政策的一县两区）、湖北恩施自治州，内地西藏班、内地新疆高中班、民族院校、高校少数民族预科培养基地和民族硕士基础培训基地的教师和管理人员。

四、报考条件（一）参加少数民族高层次骨干人才全国统一招收硕士研究生考试必须符合以下条件：1.拥护中国共产党的领导，拥护社会主义制度，维护国家统一和民族团结，政审合格，立志为西部大开发和民族地区经济社会发展服务。

2.毕业后保证到定向地区或单位就业。

其中，在职考生回原单位；非在职考生(含应届本科毕业生)回定向省、自治区、直辖市就业。

3．考生的学历必须符合下列条件之一：国家承认学历的应届本科毕业生；具有国家承认的大学本科毕业学历的人员；获得国家承认的高职高专毕业学历后，经两年或两年以上（从高职高专毕业到录取为硕士生当年9月1日，下同），达到与大学本科毕业生同等学力，且符合招生单位根据本单位的培养目标对考生提出的具体业务要求的人员；国家承认学历的本科结业生和成人高校应届本科毕业生，按本科毕业生同等学力报考；已获硕士、博士学位的人员。

4.年龄一般不超过40周岁。

少数民族骨干计划考研

少数民族骨干计划是指国家实施的针对少数民族地区的一个人才培养计划，是五部委为贯彻党的民族政策以科教兴国战略推进西部大开发战略的重大举措。

计划从2006年起用五年时间为西部培养一批少数民族高学历专业人才，培养学校为211以上重点大学，生源为西部省市区。

按照"定向招生、定向培养、定向就业"的要求，采取"统一考试、适当降分"等特殊政策措施招收新生。

毕业生一律按定向培养和就业协议到定向地区和单位就业，硕士服务期限为5年，博士8年。

经费享受中央级高校研究生的拨款政策。

简单的说，这个计划要求毕业之后，档案和人事关系必须回到你的生源省份一定年限（四川例外，他们发了个文件让兄弟省份接受少干毕业生，所以最后一道链子就解开了），之后就没人管你了。

先画一波重点1、参加这个计划的考生，和普通考生初试考一样的卷子！能不能进复试，你并不是和统招的同学比拼名额，你是和其他报考少干的同学比拼名额，比如这个计划在你们省有3个名额，你分数是6分，另外几个少干同学分数是3，4，5，那么你就能进复试。

并不用管非少干考生到底考了7还是8.9.10.2、少干的国家线还有院校的复试线要比普通考生低，但具体低多少，得去你考试院校官网查看。

国家线是要求不低于245分，但是每个学校不一样。

3、有这个计划的学校都是非常好的学校，是211以上的大学，具体哪些学校有这个计划，要看国家发布的有关文件。

4、降分不是白降亲爱的，降分是为了给少数民族地区培养人才，你毕业了一定是要回你的生源地省份的，硕士5年起，博士8年。

5.并不是只要是少数民族就可以报考，有生源地要求的。

比如户口在北京的少数民族就不可以报考。

“少干”如何排名和录取接下来是大部分少干考生最关心的，少干到底怎么排名，又是怎么个录取法？关于这个疑问，网上的答案都是模棱两可，在分别向教育局和人大招生院打了无数通电话后，我总结出了以下答案：Q：请问少干考生是所有专业排名吗？A：是的，不分专业进行排名，最后按照分数高低择优录取。

哈工大少数民族骨干计划2020

哈工大少数民族骨干计划2020一、哈工大少数民族骨干计划总体要求以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实全国教育大会精神，结合民族地区实际，调整优化生源和专业结构，切实做好教育管理服务工作，保证人才培养质量，更好服务民族地区脱贫攻坚及经济社会发展、促进民族团结。

1、骨干计划是国家定向培养专项招生计划（包括全日制、非全日制），作为动态调整增量，在全国研究生招生总规模之内单列下达，请各招生单位在本单位研究生招生总计划内做好统筹安排。

未完成的骨干计划原则上不得挪用。

2、骨干计划招生是全国研究生招生的一部分，严格执行《2020年全国硕士研究生招生工作管理规定》和博士研究生年度招生文件，坚持“定向招生、定向培养、定向就业”原则。

3、各招生单位要结合民族地区脱贫攻坚和经济社会发展实际，将骨干计划集中安排到本单位优势学科专业，加大民族地区急需紧缺人才、特别是理工农医类应用型人才培养力度。

二、哈工大少数民族骨干招生对象1、生源地在内蒙古、广西、西藏、青海、宁夏、新疆（含新疆生产建设兵团）的少数民族考生，以及在上述地区工作满3年以上，报名时仍在当地工作的汉族考生。

2、生源地在海南、重庆、四川、贵州、云南、陕西、甘肃的少数民族考生，以及河北、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、湖北、湖南（含张家界市享受西部政策的一县两区）等6个省的民族自治地方和边境县（市）的少数民族考生。

以及在上述地区国务院公布的民族自治地方工作满3年以上，报名时仍在民族自治地方工作的汉族考生。

3、在内地西藏班、新疆班承担教学和管理任务的教职工；在西藏工作且满5年以上的“非西藏生源定向西藏就业计划”毕业生。

各生源地省级教育行政部门是考生报考资格审核确认的责任主体。

应根据教育部有关文件要求，制订本地区考生报考资格审核办法并严格审核考生资格。

严禁擅自调整生源范围，严禁设置其他限制性报考条件，公平对待各民族考生。

拟同意报考的考生名单要在本部门官方网站进行公示，公示时间不少于5个工作日，公示无疑义方可确认报考资格。

少数民族骨干计划就业协议

少数民族骨干计划就业协议篇一：XX少数民族骨干计划定向协议附件4少数民族高层次骨干人才计划硕士研究生(在职考生)定向协议书（格式）甲方(招生单位)：乙方(定向单位)：丙方(定向生本人)：丁方(定向单位所在省、自治区、直辖市，新疆生产建设兵团教育行政门)：根据《XX年少数民族高层次骨干人才计划招生管理办法》，就丙方攻读硕士研究生事宜，甲、乙、丙、丁四方经协商达成如下协议：一、甲方录取丙方为XX年 ____________专业硕士研究生。

二、甲方根据《普通高等学校学生管理规定》对丙方进行管理，按培养方案对丙方进行培养。

丙方学习期满、符合硕士研究生毕业条件，甲方准予毕业，符合硕士学位授予条件，甲方授予硕士学位。

丙方学习结束离校后，甲方将丙方的毕业证书、学位证书、硕士期间档案等直接寄送乙方，乙方负责安排丙方工作。

三、丙方学习期间不转户口，人事档案由乙方负责管理，并保证丙方的学习时间。

丙方学习期间的工资、医疗保险、福利待遇和职务（职称）晋升等，由乙方和丙方协商解决。

丙方党、团组织关系先转入基础培训学校(达到甲方确定的普通计划复试分数线和复试录取要求的除外)，基础培训结业考核合格后转入甲方，待学习结束后转回乙方。

四、丙方必须遵守学校各项规章制度，按时完成学业。

丙方在甲方的学习结束后，必须回乙方工作，且服务年限不得少于5年（含5年，内地西藏班、内地新疆高中班、高校少数民族预科培养基地和民族硕士基础强化培训基地的教师和管理人员服务期为8年）。

五、丙方中途退学、受开除学籍处分，或因其他原因不宜继续学习，由甲方退回乙方处理。

丙方在学期间提出变动学籍（休学、延期毕业及申请硕博连读等）的，须提供乙方的书面同意证明，否则不予办理。

六、丙方第一学年须到教育部指定的基础强化培训基地进行培训，考核合格后方可进入甲方继续硕士学位培养阶段学习（达到甲方确定的普通计划复试分数线和复试录取要求的除外）。

七、本协议一式五份，经甲、乙、丙、丁四方签字并签章后，自丙方取得正式学籍（到基础强化培训基地报到）之日起生效。

哈工程二学历省考题

哈工程二学历省考题一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.鸦片战争前中国封建社会的主要矛盾是( )A.地主阶级和农民阶级的矛盾B.帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾C.资产阶级和工人阶级的矛盾D.封建主义和资本主义的矛盾正确答案是：A2.中国封建社会产生过诸多“盛世”，出现在清代的是( )A.文景之治B.贞观之治C.开元之治D.康乾盛世正确答案是：D3.将中国领土台湾割让给日本的不平等条约是( )A.《南京条约》B.《北京条约》C.《马关条约》D.《瑗珲条约》正确答案是：C4.西方列强对中国的侵略，首先和主要的是( )A.政治控制B.军事侵略C.经济掠夺D.文化渗透正确答案是：B5.1839年组织编写成《四洲志》，向中国人介绍西方情况的是( )A.林则徐B.魏源C.马建忠D.郑观应正确答案是：A6.19世纪末，在帝国主义列强瓜分中国的狂潮中提出“门户开放”政策的国家是( )A.俄国B.日本C.美国D.德国正确答案是：C7.太平天国农民起义爆发的时间是( )A.1851年B.1853年C.1856年D.1864年正确答案是：A8.太平天国由盛而衰的转折点是( )A.永安建制B.北伐失利C.天京事变D.洪秀全病逝正确答案是：C9.最早对兴办洋务的指导思想作出完整表述的人是( )A.冯桂芬B.马建忠C.王韬D.郑观应正确答案是：A10.洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂是( )A.同文馆B.广方言馆C.译书局D.译书馆正确答案是：A11.1898年发表《劝学篇》一文，对抗维新变法的洋务派官僚是( )A.李鸿章B.左宗棠C.张之洞D.刘坤一正确答案是：C12.戊戌维新时期，维新派在上海创办的影响较大的报刊是（）A.《时务报》B.《国闻报》C.《湘报》D.《万国公报》正确答案是：A13.中国第一个资产阶级革命政党是( )A.兴中会B.中国同盟会C.中华革命党D.中国国民党正确答案是：B14.武昌起义前夕，在保路运动中规模最大、斗争最激烈的省份是( )A.湖南B.湖北C.广东D.四川正确答案是：D15.中国历史上第一部具有资产阶级共和国宪法性质的法典是( )A.《中华民国宪法》B.《钦定宪法大纲》C.《中华民国约法》D.《中华民国临时约法》正确答案是：D16.为反对袁世凯刺杀宋教仁和“善后大借款”，孙中山在1913年领导革命党人发动了( )A.二次革命B.护国战争C.护法战争D.北伐战争正确答案是：A17.1930年成立的中国国民党临时行动委员会(又称第三党)，其主要领导人是( )A.梁漱溟B.黄炎培C.张君劢D.邓演达正确答案是：D18.1930年1月，毛泽东进一步从理论上阐述农村包围城市、武装夺取政权理论的文章是( )A.《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?》B.《星星之火，可以燎原》C.《井冈山的斗争》D.《中国革命战争的战略问题》正确答案是：B19.1928年l2月，毛泽东主持制定的中国共产党历史上第一个土地法是( )A.《井冈山土地法》B.《兴国土地法》C.《关于清算、减租及土地问题的指示》D.《中国土地法大纲》正确答案是：A20.国民党四大家族官僚资本的性质是( )A.私人垄断资本主义B.封建的买办的国家垄断资本主义C.私人资本主义D.国家资本主义正确答案是：B21.1936年10月，中国工农红军第一、二、四方面军胜利会师于( )A.陕北保安地区B.陕北洛川地区C.陕北瓦窑堡地区D.甘肃会宁、静宁地区正确答案是：D22.遵义会议后，中共中央政治局成立了新的三人团负责红军的军事行动，其成员是( )A.毛泽东、朱德、周恩来B.毛泽东、朱德、王稼祥C.毛泽东、周恩来、王稼祥D.毛泽东、张闻天、周恩来正确答案是：C23.中华民族进入全民族抗战是在( )A.九一八事变后B.一二八事变后C.华北事变后D.卢沟桥事变后正确答案是：D24.1935年12月，中国共产党确定抗日民族统一战线政策的会议是( )A.遵义会议B.瓦窑堡会议C.洛川会议D.晋绥干部会议正确答案是：B25.在抗日战争的战略防御阶段，国民党军队在正面战场上取得胜利的战役是( )A.台儿庄战役B.桂南战役C.枣宜战役D.中条山战役正确答案是：A26.毛泽东在《论持久战》中指出，中国抗日战争取得胜利最关键的阶段是( )A.战略防御阶段B.战略相持阶段C.战略反攻阶段D.战略决战阶段正确答案是：B27.1945年4月，出席联合国制宪会议中国代表团中的解放区代表是( )A.周恩来B.刘少奇C.董必武D.王若飞正确答案是：C28.抗日战争胜利后，国共双方通过重庆谈判签订《政府与中共代表会谈纪要》的时间是( )A.1945年8月B.1945年9月C.1945年10月D.1945年11月正确答案是：C29.1947年10月10日，《中国人民解放军宣言》提出的口号是( )A.和平、民主、团结B.向北发展、向南防御C.打倒蒋介石，解放全中国D.将革命进行到底正确答案是：C30.1949年6月，毛泽东发表的系统论述中国共产党建国主张的著作是( )A.《新民主主义论》B.《目前形势和我们的任务》C.《论联合政府》D.《论人民民主专政》正确答案是：D二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。