特殊句式.(A级)
A级常考句型归纳
A级常考句型归纳结构:1 倒装句如Not until yesterday did I know the truth.No sooner had I entered (过去完成时,必须的) the room than the telephone rang(一般过去时,填过去式,必须的).So excited was his mother that she couldn’t speak/say a word.2 强调句如It is in Beijing that the agreement was signed.3 虚拟语气4 分词它们属于非谓语动词,在一个句子当中如果有谓语动词的情况下,排除并列句和主从句的可能性可以考虑分词。
区分好逻辑上的动宾(或者被动)关系和逻辑上的主谓(或者主动)关系。
如:分词作定语:The boy playing the violin over there is my brother.The women surveyed are all single.分词作状语:W alking along the street, I met Lee.Seen from the hilltop, the town looks beautiful.特殊的分词结构:独立主格With the travelling expenses rising a lot, we have to be careful in planning a trip.W eather permitting, we will go on picnic.The class being over, we can go home.It being Sunday, we can take a rest at home.5 The 比较级…, the 比较级…越。
越。
The more money I have, the happier I feel.The more time I have, the better I can do the job.6 两者当中较为。
A级语法点
A级常考的语法——虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语动词的特殊形式,与陈述语气恰恰相反,虚拟语气所表达的动作或状态不是事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、想象、要求、推测、假设或建议等。
语气的虚拟和陈述与否完全取决于说话人本身。
虚拟语气可以用于非真实条件句中,也用于名词性从句和同位语从句等句式中。
1.1 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1)非真实条件句英语的条件句分为真实条件和非真实条件两种。
真实条件属于陈述句式,而非真实条件属于虚拟句式。
真实与虚拟与否完全取决于说话人的意图。
E.g. If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go out.If it were fine tomorrow, we would go out.一般来说,非真实条件可分为三种情况:于过去、现在和将来事实相反的三种情况。
其位于动词的表现形式如下:从句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+ 主语+ 动词过去式(be动词用were) 主语+would/should/could/might +动词原形与过去事实相反的假设If+ 主语+ had+过去分词主语+would/should/could/might+have +过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(将来不太可能出现的情况)1.If+ 主语+ 动词过去式2.If+ 主语+ were to +动词原形3.If+ 主语+ should+动词原形主语+would/should/could/might +动词原形E.g. If I were you, I would take the job. (与现在事实相反)If you left your car outside at night, you would have it stolen. (将来不太可能出现的情况)If he had been ill, he would not have finished the work. (与过去事实相反)If he should/were to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem. (将来不太可能出现的情况)2)非真实条件句的特殊情况a.If 的省略当虚拟条件从句中含有助动词had, were, should时,可将它们提到句首而省略连词if,这时从句发生部分倒装。
英语a级常见的作文题型
英语A级作文常用句式单词短语see sb doing sthit's adj for sb to do sthtoo ...to ...so .that.be angry with sb /at sthbe famous for sb / sthbe famous asdo sb best英语a级作文模板一、开头句型1.As far as …is concerned就……而言2.It goes without saying that… 不言而喻,…3.It can be said with certainty that… 可以肯定地说……4.As the proverb says,正如谚语所说的,5.It has to be noticed that… 它必须注意到,…6.It's generally recognized that… 它普遍认为…7.It's likely that … 这可能是因为…8.It's hardly that… 这是很难的……9.It‘s hardly too much to say that… 它几乎没有太多的说…10.What calls for special attention is that…需要特别注意的是11.There ‘s no denying the fact that…毫无疑问,无可否认12.Nothing is more important than the fact that… 没有什么比这更重要的是…13.what’s far more important is that… 更重要的是…二、衔接句型1.A case in point is … 一个典型的例子是…2.As is often the case…由于通常情况下…3.As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述4.But the problem is not so simple.Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……5.But it ‘s a pity that… 但遗憾的是…6.For all that…对于这一切…… In spite of the fact that…尽管事实……7.Further, we hold opinio n that… 此外,我们坚持认为,…8.However , the difficulty lies in…然而,困难在于…9.Similarly, we should pay attention to… 同样,我们要注意…10.not(that)…but(that)…不是,而是11.In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势12.As has been mentioned above…正如上面所提到的…13.In this respect, we may as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说14.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is… 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即…三、结尾句型1.I will conclude by saying… 最后我要说…2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that…因此,我们有理由相信…3.All things considered,总而言之It may be safely said that…它可以有把握地说……议论文模板(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the sec处nd place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand,___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.英语三级考试作文万能句1. 说明原因句式1. There are probably three/many/several/varieties of reasons/causes for this dramatic/significant increase/decline in… 引起……显著增长(下降)的原因有三个(许多、几个、很多)。
英语A级语法
不定式的时态和语态:动名词的时态和语态:to do (还没有做的)doing (正在进行中或一直伴随的,表主动)done (已经做过了,表被动)having done \ having been done (已经做完,前后之间有前因后果的关系)一般现在时:表示经常和习惯的动作,常同often, sometimes, usually, always, twice a month, every week, on Sundays, as a rule, rarely等状语连用。
在由when, if, after, as soon as, the minute, the moment, the instant, the next time, whether, although, as, unless, even if, so long as, till, wherever 等引导的从句中,用一般时表将来时表示将来:只限于少数动词arrive, begin, close, open, come, go, end, leave, return, sail, start, stopOur ship sails for London the day after tomorrow一般过去时:该时态常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, then, just now, at that moment, last year…表示过去经常或反复发生的行为,可与every day, always, often, sometimes, usually 等连用一般将来时:will / shall+动词原形Shall只能用于第一人称多种形式:will dobe going to + 动词原形be to + 动词原形(义务、必要性)be about to + 动词原形过去将来时:would (should) + 动词原形was / were going to + 动词原形现在完成时:到现在已经完全完成的行为或一直持续到现在的行为或状态它强调现在已有一定的影响或结果形式:have / has + done常连用的词有:already, yet, lately, often, rarely, ever, just, recently, so far, up to now, up till now, since, up to the present, for the past 10 years, these few days, all my life…过去完成时:在过去某一时间以前或某动作之前已完成的动作一个动作或状态在过去某时刻开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,且仍有继续的下去的可能性形式:had + done常与表示一段时间的状语连用(过去的过去)将来完成时:表示将来某一时刻之前或某一行为发生之前所完成的动作形式:will (shall) have + done常与by the time + 句子或by the end of + 现在或未来的时间状语过去进行时:过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的情况的动作将来某一时间正在进行的动作常表示安排好的事可表示预料不久或势必要发生的动作或情况形式:will (shall) be + doing现在完成进行时:动作从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能继续下去形式:have (has) been + doing过去完成进行时:动作一直持续到过去某时刻并且还在进行形式:had been doing虚拟语气:需要“should + 动词原形”的虚拟语气表达建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句常见的这类词有:advise, argue, ask, command, decide, demand, request, require, suggest, urge, insist 等insist表示坚持某种看法,suggest表示暗示的时候,从句用陈述语气。
A级语法考点归纳
A级语法考点归纳一.Subjunctive mood(虚拟语气)1.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法从句时态主句时态与现在事实相反be----were would (could, should, might)+dodo----did与过去事实相反had done would (could, should, might)+have done与将来事实相反 1.be—weredo---did2.should+do would (could, should, might)+do3.were to+doIf I were you, I would further my study abroad.If you had time, you should go to see the film Gone with the wind.If I had taken your advice, I would not have made such mistakes.If you became/ should become / were to become a millionaire, what would you do first?2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1)虚拟语气在表示建议、愿望、要求、命令这类词后宾语从句中的谓语动词用should + do , should 可以省去。
表建议:suggest, advice, recommend, propose表要求:ask, require, request, demand, petition表命令:order, command,表愿望:desireEg. He suggested that a library should be set up quickly.She demands that I should pay her immediately.He ordered the man should be released.The Queen desires that you should come at once.A级真题:The policeman demanded that she ______ her identity card.A. showB. showedC. would showD. had shown2) 虚拟语气在wish, would rather, would sooner后宾语从句中的用法。
A级常考句型
A级复习资料(语法篇)I. 常考句型结构:1. 倒装句e.g. Not until yesterday did I know the truth.No sooner had I entered (过去完成时) the room than the telephone rang(一般过去时). So excited was his mother that she couldn’t speak/say a word.2. 强调句e.g. It is in Beijing that the agreement was signed.强调句的一个特点就是去掉it is…that…后原句是完整的句子。
上述句子去掉后变成The agreement was signed in Beijing. 只是把要强调的部分放到it is…that中间了。
这是强调句与定语从句的区别,定语从句去掉it is…that…不完整,如:It is this place that I like best. 这是定语从句,如去掉it is…that则原句变成This place…I like best...则不是完整句子成了碎片。
3. 虚拟语气(1)掌握好基本形式(特别是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气)和特殊形式(2)虚拟语气在宾语从句和主语从句中的应用宾语从句:order,demand,require,request,direct,command,urge,rule, suggest,advise,vote,propose move,recommend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,decree主语从句:vital,important,essential,necessary, impossible,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,appropriate,desirable4. 分词分词属于非谓语动词,在一个句子当中如果有谓语动词的情况下,排除并列句和主从句的可能性可以考虑分词。
高考英语特殊句式分类汇总
高考英语特殊句式分类汇总在高考英语中,掌握各种特殊句式是提高语言表达能力和得分的关键。
下面是对高考英语特殊句式进行详细介绍。
1. 强调句型强调句型是通过强调句子中的某个成分来突出其重要性或特殊性。
在高考英语中,常见的强调句型有两种形式:It is/was…that和What…。
(1) It is/was…that该形式中,强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等成分,一般将被强调的成分放在it后面,用that引导的从句作为原句的主句。
例如:- It was Mary who won the first prize in the English contest.- It is the teacher who inspired me to study hard.(2) What…该形式中,强调句子的谓语动词,用what引导的名词从句位于句首。
例如:- What makes him different from others is his positive attitude towards life. - What we need to do now is to find a solution to the problem.2. 倒装句型倒装句型是指把句子的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒过来的结构。
在高考英语中,常见的倒装句型有两种形式:完全倒装和部分倒装。
(1) 完全倒装在完全倒装句中,谓语动词位于主语之前,主语位于动词之后。
例如:- Not only did he pass the exam, but he also got a high score.- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.(2) 部分倒装在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或系动词的前移。
例如:- Should you have any questions, feel free to ask.- Can you imagine how excited I was when I received the good news?3. 条件句型条件句型是指表示条件关系的句子结构。
特殊句式的类型
特殊句式的类型特殊句式是指在语法结构或表达方式上有一定巧妙之处,增加信息或引起读者的注意。
以下是几种常见的特殊句式类型及相关参考内容。
1. 倒装句式倒装句式是指将谓语动词或助动词提前,与主语的位置对调。
常见的倒装有完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式。
例句:Not only does she speak fluent English, but also she is a talented musician.参考内容:- "Inversion: Definition and Examples in English Grammar" - ThoughtCo- "Inversion in English Grammar" - Learn English2. 强调句式强调句式是通过对句子成分进行特殊处理,使得某个成分在句子中得到特别强调。
例句:It was John who ate all the cookies.参考内容:- "Emphatic Structures" - English Practice- "The Passive and Indirect Questions for Focus and Emphasis" - English Grammar3. 平行结构平行结构是指在一个句子中使用相同的语法结构或句式,以增强表达的逻辑关系或节奏感。
例句:She likes swimming, running, and cycling.参考内容:- "Parallel Structure" - Grammar Monster- "Parallelism: How to Write and Identify Parallel Sentences" - ThoughtCo4. 带有省略的句式带有省略的句式是指在句中可以省略某些成分或词语,但仍然能保持句子的完整性和可理解性。
高考英语必备特殊句式大全(附高考英语常用词汇)
高考英语必备特殊句式大全(附高考英语常用词汇)高考英语必备——特殊句式(一)感叹句一、特殊句式全家福特殊句式这个大的考察方向,近几年,考察不多。
主要涉及到以下的考点。
一、感叹句(语法填空中考察,简单)二、强调结构(语法填空,书面表达中考察,简单)三、倒装句(语法填空,书面表达中考察,中等)四、省略句(基本能力,直接考察不多)五、祈使句(语法填空中考察某些结构)六、反义疑问句(直接考察不多)七、否定句(注意否定转移的现象,直接考察不多)二、感叹句四大结构记牢①What+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语(系动词)!②What+adj.+复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语(系动词)!③How+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语(系动词)!④How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语(系动词)!例如:①What a good boy you are!②What good boys they are!③How good a boy you are!④How good you are!此考点看似比较简单,实际上,与从句题放在一起考时,有一定难度。
【例如】①I know ______ good he is.②I know ______ he did isgood.在①中,答案为how,how good he is 是一个how 引导的感叹句;在②中,答案为what,what he did is good 是一个what引导的宾语从句问题来了,如何区分how,what引导的是感叹句还是从句呢?【答案】四个字,句!子!结!构!如宾语或者主语,或者表语;how引导的,其后是一个符合五大基本结构完整的句子。
【经典考察】(1)(2015年新课标卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ______(70) thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【答案】how;how thick the adobe needed to be符合④How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语(系动词)!结构,故填how;(2)(2021年河南省天一联考)I recently spent a day in Hangzhou to see ______(65) easy it was to go cashless, and I found it somewhat ahead of other cities , including Beijing. I rode buses and subways, which all accept Alipay.【答案】how;how easy it is符合④How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语(系动词)! 结构,故填how;此外,初中的恶人搭配要记牢!how long;how soon;how far;how often;how many;how much【例】how long did he stay here?他在这里呆了多久How long is the river?这条河有多长?How often does he come here?他多久来这里一次?How soon will he be back?他多久之后会回来?How far is it from here to there?从这里到那里有多远。
英语A级考试语法大全
高等学校英语应用能力考试(A级)语法考点英语A级语法大全:第一节大学英语三级考试语法部分简介一、大纲要求大学英语三级考试大纲对语法的要求是:进一步加深和扩大中学学过的语法知识,侧重其在阅读和翻译中的应用。
二、考查范围三级语法考题的涉及面广。
考试范围为《浙江省高等学校英语三级考试大纲》所附结构表的内容。
在语法结构表中,详细列出了高等专科英语课程教学阶段需要进一步巩固加深的语法项目,主要涉及如下语法点:限定词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、动词、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、一致关系、句子种类(简单句、并列句和复合句)、强调句型、省略、倒装、构词法和标点等十七个方面。
本书逐一介绍各类试题的设计特点(题型)及解题技巧。
在大学英语三级考试中,虽然题目千变万化,但是万变不离其宗,只要仔细分析,就会发现这些题目其实基本上都是时态、形容词与副词、名问、一致关系和虚拟语气、非谓语动词、倒装句、复合句(连接手段)的各种变化形式。
本书在逐一介绍各类试题的设计特点(题型)及解题技巧的同时,还侧重对上述几类语法变化形式在历届真题中的考点作详细分析。
最常考点:非谓语动词,虚拟语气,名词性从句,倒装句(部倒),时态,词形转换非谓语动词:近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31。
1%,平均每年近5道题,可谓是语法项目考查的重点,那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点,解答时又应注意些什么呢?下面我和大家就一起来分析一下:1、非谓语动词考查特点1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构,如:all things ___ because of the snowstorm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train。
a。
had been canceled b。
have been canceledc。
were canceled d。
having been canceled四个选项中有三个是谓语动词,只有d是非谓语动词,只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语,则不用考虑时态的问题,答案自明。
特殊句式知识点总结
特殊句式知识点总结在英语写作中,句式的多样性是提高文章质量和表达效果的关键因素之一。
使用特殊句式可以丰富你的写作风格,增加语言的表现力。
本文将针对常见的特殊句式进行总结和讲解,帮助读者掌握不同的句式结构和用法,从而提高英语写作的水平。
一、倒装句1.完全倒装句主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒,常见于以下情况:- Here comes the bus.- Little did I know that she was watching.2. 部分倒装句只有助动词或情态动词与主语的位置颠倒,常见于以下情况:- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.- Not only does she play the piano well, but she also sings beautifully.3. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装在否定副词开头的句子中,主语和谓语动词颠倒,常见于以下情况:- Seldom have I seen him so angry.- Barely had I arrived when the phone started ringing.倒装句的使用可以增加句子的变化和灵活性,使句子更加生动、抓人,但需要注意的是,倒装句不能随意使用,要根据句子的语境和表达的意思来决定是否使用倒装句。
二、强调句强调句是通过强调句子的一部分来突出该部分的重要性,使信息更加突出。
英语中的强调句有两种形式:部分强调和完全强调。
1. 部分强调部分强调是通过在句中加入强调词来使该部分的信息得到突出:- It was John who broke the vase.- It's this book that I want to read.2. 完全强调完全强调是通过借助助动词do或情态动词will加上动词原形来实现强调:- It was he who broke the vase.- It is this book that I will read.强调句的使用可以使句子更加生动、突出重点,但使用时要注意强调的对象,避免造成句子表达的混淆或误解。
A级语法
I wished I hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。
Every Monday morning when I am in my small office, I wish I _______ in a multinational company. (2011. 6)
一
虚拟语句
高等学校英语应用能力考试A 级 语 法
虚拟语气
历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下: 1) 非真实条件句的虚拟 2) 建议句型:(should)+动词原形; 3) 含蓄条件句虚拟: without, otherwise, but for 4) 其他 (wish, as if)
1) 虚拟语气用于非真实条件句
4) 其他虚拟
wish后的宾语从句,谓语动词用虚拟语气,表
示不可能实现的愿望。
动词形式 过去式(did) (be 一律用were) 用法 表示现在未实现的愿望
过去完成时(had done) 表示过去未实现的愿望
过去将来时(would do) 表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。
注:不用背,只要看到知道后面用虚拟。
2) 建议句型
b) It is + adj. /V-ed + that sb. should do sth. adj. reasonable, necessary, wise, desirable, strange, natural, important, vital, crucial, urgent, essential
大学英语A级语法大全
大学英语三级语法大全名词性从句概述名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if(不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why不可省略的连词:1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.名词性wh-从句名词性wh-从句1)由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。
Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。
职称英语理工类A级语法讲解
职称英语理工类A级语法讲解精选其他固定搭配
add up to合计,总计
break away(from)脱离,逃跑
e true实现,到达
e up with提出,提供
do away with废除,去掉’
have nothing to do with和…毫无关系
make believe假装
catch up with追上,赶上
e up to到达,符合
concern with关心,挂念;从事于
have something to do with和…有点关系
fall back on求助于,转而依靠
fall in with符合,与…一致
as follows如下
get through到达,完成,及格
be fed up with感到厌烦
get along/0n with有进展,有进步
get somewhere有些;结果
get down to开始,着手
get the better 0f占上风,胜过
give onese~away泄露,露马脚
give way to给…让路,对…让步,被…代替
go back on违背
go before居前
have to/have got t0不得不,必须help oneself自取所需(食物) keep out of躲开,置身…之外
get out of逃避,改掉
have get有
give oneself up自首,投降,投案go along with陪同前往,随行
g0 in for从事,致力于,追求hang on to紧握住,坚持下去。
特殊句式知识点(大全)经典
【解析】
试题分析:句意为:—我还没有去过东山公园,你呢?Frank?—我也没有去过,但是我计划下周去。so用于肯定句,指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物:so+be(do, have,其他助词或情态动词)+主语。neither用于否定句,指前面所说的情况也适用其他人或物,其结构与so的结构相似。本题时态是现在完成时,故选B Neither have I表示我也没去过的意思。
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:她昨晚熬夜了。她现在几乎不能做更多的工作。------我也不能。我太累了。so+助动词+主语”这一结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物,意为“……也一样”。但是如果前面所述情况为否定式,则用neither/ nor+助动词+主语,表示后面的人或物和前面的情况一样。“so+主语+助动词”结构则主要用于加强语气,其意为“的确如此、确实如此”,表示后者赞同前者的话或意见,只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一个人或物。如果前面所述情况为否定式,则用neither/ nor+主语+助动词。结合句意可知选C。
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:噢,天哪!我忘了我最好的朋友的生日。-你忘了吗?明年最好记得。本题是简略句,在口语中往往在陈述句后加问号,表示疑问。所以选B。
考点:考查简略句
16.—I'd like to go camping with you, but I have meeting _______.
考点:考查固定句型。
2.---I have changed my job. ---_________
A.So do I. B.So have I. C.So I do. D.So I have.
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关于祈使句的一个小笑话:老师:请把马儿跑了这句话转换成疑问句。
小伊万:马儿会跑吗?老师:正确!很好!现在把它转换成祈使句。
小伊万:驾!其实祈使句在平时生活中到处可见,当对别人发出命令、请求甚至在训斥时都会用到祈使句。
下面这个也是:作文题目:请以“爱情”为题写一篇作文要求:1.言简意赅,主题突出2.该故事必须以悲剧结尾3.字数不限正文如下:——嫁给我好吗?——滚!哈哈,虽然只是个笑话,但是大家可见,祈使句真是无处不在呀。
内容基本要求感叹句祈使句 1. 掌握感叹句和祈使句的概念及用法2. 掌握祈使句的基本句型和反义疑问句祈使句一、 定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,课前热身本讲要求知识讲解特殊句式(A)因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。
祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。
例:Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。
——命令)Be kind to our sister. (对姊妹要和善。
——劝告)Look out! Danger! (小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)No parking. (禁止停车。
——禁止)二、特征祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;动词原形谓语当,句首加don’t否定变;朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。
三、表现形式●肯定结构:1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分)。
如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。
如:Do n’t forget me! 不要忘记我!Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。
如:Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!四、“let”带头的祈使句1. 主要用法1)表示“建议”。
这个句型里的“let”后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:Let me try. Let’s ...2)表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.2. 用“let”的祈使句时,必须注意下列几点:1)“Let”后头除了是不带“to”的不定式动词之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:如:Let the puppy out. Open the windows and let the fresh air in.2)用“Let’s”时,把谈话者的对象包括在内,如:Let’s try it, shall we? ;用“Let us”时,并不包括对方,如:Let us do it by ourselves, will you?翻译下列各句:1.咱们一起玩吧!2.请不要迟到.3.回答这个问题.4.我来打开窗户好吗?5.你和我们一起去好吗?感叹句A.以what开头的感叹句What 在感叹句中修饰名词,以它开头的感叹句主要有以下几种结构类型:1.“What a(n) + 形容词+单形可数名词(+主语+谓语)”。
如:What an important job it is! 那是多么重要的工作呀!2.“What + 形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)”。
如:What sweet music it is! 多么美妙的音乐啊!3.“What +形容词+复形可数名词(+主语+谓语)”。
如:What delicious moon cakes (they are)! 多么好吃的月饼啊!B. 以how开头的感叹句以how开头的感叹句有以下几种常见结构类型:1.“How +形容词(或副词)(+主语+谓语)”。
例如:How blue the sky is! 天空多蓝啊!How quickly you walk! 你走得多快呀!2. “How +形容词+a(n) +单形可数名词(+主语+谓语)”。
例如:How good a student he is! 他是多好的一个学生啊!C.一些特殊句式1.在陈述句、祈使句或疑问句句尾加感叹号变成感叹句。
如:He runs so fast! 他跑的真快呀!Do read it carefully!2.用一个词或词组表达强烈感情的句子也是感叹句。
Wonderful ! 棒极了Look out 当心!Great!太棒了!3.以there、here等副词开头的感叹句。
如:There she is! 她在那!There goes the bell!铃响了!✧感叹句记忆口诀感叹句,并不难,what与how应在前。
形容词、副词跟着how,what后面名词连。
名词若是可数单,前带冠词a或an。
主语、谓语放后面,省略它们也常见。
✧巧变感叹句在把陈述句变感叹句时,可以根据以下这种方法——一断二加三换位。
“一断”即在谓语后面断开,使句子分成两部分。
如:He works hard. → He works / hard.He is a good worker. → He is / a good worker.“二加”即在第二部分前加上how(强调形容词、副词)或what(强调名词)。
如:He works(how)hard.He is(what)a good worker.“三换位” 即把第一部分和第二部分互换位置,句号换感叹号。
如:How hard he works!What a good worker he is!【练习】一 :用What 或How 来补全以下的感叹句。
1. ______ a pretty girl she is!2. ________ quickly the boy is running!3. ______ kind teachers they are!4. ________ clever the baby is!二 :从所给的四个选项中选出正确的填空。
What What a What an How1. ______ happy I am!2. ________ sad child he is!3. ______ hot water it is!4. ________ hard they study!5. ______ good young man he is!三 :按要求对下列句子进行句型转换。
1. He listened to his teacher carefully. (该为感叹句)_______ ________ he listened to his teacher!2. What a clever monkey it is! (该为同义句)_______ ________ a monkey it is!3.The food is very nice. (该为感叹句)_______ ________ food it is!4. How sadly they are crying! (该为陈述句)They ________ ________ ________.5. The Christmas tree is beautiful. (该为感叹句)_______ _______ the Christmas tree is!祈使句的反义疑问句1. 基本原则若陈述部分为祈使句,反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you 等:Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信发掉,好吗?重难点Try to be back by two, won’t you? 设法两点之前回来,好吗?If you want help, let me know, would you? 如果你需要帮助,告诉我,好吗?【注】若陈述部分为否定式,则反意疑问句部分只用will you:Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。
有时根据语境的需要,反意疑问句也可以用can you, can’t you 等:Give me some cigarettes, can you? 给我些香烟,可以吗?Walk faster, can’t you? 走快点,不行吗?一般说来,用will you, won’t you, would you 等构成的反意疑问句语气较委婉。
比较:Be quiet, will you? 请安静,好吗?Be quiet, can’t you? 你不能安静点吗?2. 当祈使句为Let’s…时反意疑问句总是用shall we:Let’s phone her now, shall we?我们现在就给她打电话,好吗?Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱们去看电影,好吗?3. 当祈使句为Let us…时若表示请求,反意疑问句用will you,若表示建议,反意疑问句用shall we:Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?【注】let’s…只表示建议,所以其后反意疑问句总是用shall we。
而let us…既可表示建议请求,也可表示建议(较正式),其后的反意疑问句要根据这两种不同情况分别使用will you和shall we。
4. 当祈使句带有主语时有时祈使句带有自己的主语,此时不要将其误认为是陈述句:Jim, you go there to help him, will you? 吉姆,你去那儿帮他,好吗?You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你们女孩子站在前排,好吗?【注】不要将这类祈使句误认为是陈述句,而误用don’t you这样的反意疑问句.【练习】:用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。