高三英语一个全面掌握动词短语的记忆方法知识点分析全国通用

动词是词类乃至整个语法的的重点，其中动词短语更是英语学习的重点及难点，同时也是高考的考点，在各种题型中均为超高频出现在试题中，下面根据动词后的小品词（up, down, in, out, on, off, over, away）所涵盖的意思，总结动词短语的规律，以便在英语学习中达到汉语中‘识字不识字，先识半个字’的境界。

具体：1，在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；2，熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；3，重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语；4，脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语；5，目标是做到以后见到听到认识，举一反三，最终能够自己主动的自由运用于写作！6，注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。

1. up1) 向上（toward or into a higher position）lift climb come stand pick draw grow hand put send rise look zip hold pile dig take build setlift ~ 举起 climb ~ 爬上 come ~ 上升 get ~ 起来 stand ~ 站起来 pick ~ 检起 draw ~ 升起 grow ~ 长大 hand ~ 拖起 put ~ 举起 send ~ 使上升 rise ~ 升起 look ~ 抬起头 zip ~ 拉上 hold ~ 举起 pile ~ 堆起 dig ~ 挖出 take ~ 拿起 build ~ 树立 set ~ 建立2) 完成，结束(expressing completeness and finality)finish drink eat burn wash use fill pay settle lick sum open end let draw close swallow beat cover break windfinish ~ 完成 drink ~ 喝干 eat ~ 吃光 burn ~ 烧光 wash ~ 洗净 use ~ 用光 fill ~ 装满 pay ~ 付清 settle ~ 解决 lick ~ 舔净 sum ~ 总结， open ~ 透露 end ~ 结束 let ~ 中止, 减少 draw ~ 停止 close ~ 停止，关闭 swallow ~ 吞没 beat ~ 痛打 cover ~ 掩盖 break ~ 结束，分解 wind ~ 结束3) 离开，消灭(expressing separation and destroy)Break cut split divide smash blow wither tear give fold dry crack clutter litterbreak ~ 拆开，驱散cut ~ 切碎 split ~ 分裂 divide ~ 分割 smash ~ 捣毁blow ~ 炸毁 wither ~ 枯死 tear ~ 撕碎 give ~ 放弃 fold ~ 垮台 dry ~ 枯竭，干涸crack ~ 撞坏 clutter ~ 使散乱 litter ~ 乱丢杂物4) 增加，变强(to a state of greater activity, force, strength, power and degree)Tip：增加是数量上的增加，变强是程度上的变强。

mount pick turn shake steam stir ease warm speak heat total tense gather speed screw build show cheer stir work(1).mount ~ 增加pick ~ 振作，加快pluck ~ 振作 turn ~ 开打，开大, 出现shake ~ 震惊 steam ~ 使发怒 stir ~ 激起，搅起ease ~ 放松 warm ~ 兴奋speak ~ 大声说 heat ~ 变热 total ~ 加总 tense ~ 紧张 gather ~ 收集speed ~ 加速 screw ~ 振作 build ~ 增大 show ~ 显现 cheer ~ 振作起来stir ~ 刺激 work ~ 激动，刺激(2). 用在带"-en"后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of -en）brighten fatten freshen harden sharpen smarten strengthen sweeten tighten toughen softenbrighten ~ 发亮 fatten ~ 发胖 freshen ~使新鲜 harden ~变硬 sharpen ~ 变快 smarten ~ 变精明strengthen ~ 加强sweeten ~ 变甜 tighten ~ 使紧密toughen ~ 使强壮soften ~ 变软5). 变好，改善( as to be better and proper)bring check clear clean do patch polish light tune tidy rub train make buy figure fix takebring ~ 抚育 check ~ 核对 clear ~ 清理，晴天clean ~ 整理 do ~ 整理 patch ~ 修理 polish ~ 擦亮, 改进light ~ 点亮 tune ~ 调整 tidy ~ 整理 rub ~ 擦亮 train ~ 训练，培养 make ~ 化装, 和解, 弥补buy ~ 囤积 figure ~ 计算fix ~ 修理,整理 take ~ 从事6) 关住，锁紧，固定住(firmly, tightly and closely)shut lock tie chain nail fasten pin bind bar block choke save store stock cover wrap lay hold keepshut ~ 关闭 lock ~ 锁住 tie ~ 栓住 chain ~ 锁住 nail ~ 钉住 fasten ~ 系住 pin ~ 钉住 bind ~ 装订 bar ~ 关住 block ~ 堵塞 choke ~ 堵塞 save ~ 存起来 store ~ 贮藏 stock ~ 储存 cover ~ 掩盖 wrap ~ 包住 lay ~ 储存 hold ~ 延误 keep ~ 坚持7) 向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）go ~ run ~ rush ~ drive ~ walk ~ catch ~ swim ~ march ~ come ~2. down1) 向下的位置（to or into a lower position）Cast cut get hand knock lay let pour pull set sit step throw turn take blow bring hang sink slip squat swallow stoop splash touch bend bow kneel Lie stripcast ~ 扔下 cut ~砍倒 get ~ 下来 hand ~ 传下来 knock ~ 撞倒 lay ~ 放下let ~ 放下 pour ~ 倾盆而下 pull ~ 拉下 set ~ 放下 sit ~ 坐下 step ~ 走下来 throw ~ 扔下 turn ~ 拆下 take ~ 取下 blow ~ 吹倒 bring ~ 打倒 hang ~ 垂下 sink ~ 沉落 slip ~ 失足 squat ~ 蹲下 swallow ~ 吞下 stoop ~ 伏身 splash ~ 飞溅而下 touch ~ 降落 bend ~ 弯下 bow ~ 鞠躬 kneel ~ 跪下lie ~ 躺下 strip ~ 脱下2) 减少（强度，量和体积）(a decrease in intensity, amount, bulk) Dwindle die go mark hold burn slow burn wash clean rub bring keep trim water thin run wear come knockdwindle ~ 减少 die ~ 变弱，逐渐停止go ~ 平静下来 mark ~ 削减 hold ~ 压低 burn ~ (火)减弱, 烧坏slow ~ 慢下来 burn ~ 烧掉 wash ~ 冲淡 clean ~ 弄干净 rub ~ 擦干净 bring ~ 降低 keep ~ 缩减 trim ~ 裁减 water ~ 冲淡thin ~ 减少 run ~ 用光衰弱 wear ~ 削减，磨损come ~ 下跌 knock ~ 降价3) 停止，减弱(to a state of less activity, force, strength and power) Close drop break run settle cool turn die lay putclose ~ 关闭 drop ~ 突然停止 break ~ 坏了，中止run ~ 停止 settle ~ 平静下来 cool ~ 冷静下来 turn ~ 拒绝 die ~ 停止 lay ~ 失望 put ~ 镇压4) 紧紧地，牢牢地(firmly, tightly)fasten chain clamp nail pin hammer tie bind drawfasten ~ 系牢 chain ~ 链住，栓住clamp ~ 夹住 nail ~ 钉住 pin ~ 扣牢hammer ~ 钉上 tie ~ 栓住 bind ~ 捆绑 draw ~ 停下来5) 写下，记下(on paper or in writing)Write copy note take put get havewrite ~ 写下 copy ~ 抄下 note ~ 记下 take ~ 记下 put ~ 记下 get ~ 记下have ~ 写下on 1) 继续(continuously)carry ~ drive ~ fight ~ hold ~ keep ~ live ~ sleep ~ sing ~ walk ~ go ~ hurry ~ move ~ read ~ follow ~ struggle ~ insist ~ 坚持2) 连上，固定住，(in or into a state of being connected)Act catch come count draw fasten fit get paste turn switch pin put try pull hang build leave take rely dependact ~ 对…起作用catch ~ 抓牢 come ~ 跟随 count ~ 依赖 draw ~ 带上，穿上fasten ~ 纠缠，抓牢fit ~ 固定 get ~ 接近 paste ~ 粘住 turn ~ 打开switch ~ 打开 pin ~ 钉住 put ~ 穿上 try ~ 试穿 pull ~ 穿上 hang ~ 不挂断 build ~ 建立于 leave ~ 留住 take ~ 穿下 rely ~ 依靠 depend~依靠3) 向前，向上(forward, onward)Add mark paint press pass send stamp get handadd ~ 加上 mark ~ 标上 paint ~ 漆上 press ~ 向前 pass ~ 传递 send ~ 转送 stamp ~ 盖章于 get ~ 上车 hand ~ 传送4) 开始某活动(in or into an active operation)Work fall hit bring get look call figure fix get pick plan decide reflect remark settle spur urgework ~ 从事 fall ~ 攻击 hit ~ 突然向起 bring ~ 引起 get ~ 取得进展 look ~ 旁观, 观看call ~ 拜访 figure ~ 打算,希望 fix ~ 决心 get ~ 进步, 友好相处pick ~ 批评 plan ~ 打算 decide ~ 决定 reflect ~ 思考, 反思remark ~ 评论，议论settle ~ 决定 spur ~ 鼓励 urge ~ 督促4. off1) 离开(indicating departure)blow drive get lift make move pack see ship start send call let take touch give clear carryblow ~ 吹掉 drive ~ 击退 get ~ 下车，动身lift ~ 离开地面 make ~ 逃走move ~ 离去 pack ~ 打发走 see ~ 送行 ship ~ 运往 start ~ 动身 send ~ 送行，解雇call ~ 叫走 let ~ 放出 take ~ 起飞 touch ~ 发射 give ~ 发出clear ~ 走开 carry ~ 夺走2) 去掉，断开(indicating removal or disconnection)cut tear take chip come cross drop fall flick peel pull rub scrape shave wash shake throw rip turn strip swith take shut wear go breakcut ~ 切断 tear ~ 扯掉 take ~ 拿走 chip ~ 切下 come ~ 脱落 cross ~ 除去 drop ~ 跌落 fall ~ 脱落 flick ~ 弹掉 peel ~ 剥掉 pull ~ 撕开 rub ~ 擦掉 scrape ~ 挂去 shave ~ 剃去 wash ~ 洗掉 shake ~ 抖落 throw ~ 扔开 rip ~ 扯开 turn ~ 关掉 strip ~ 脱去 switch ~ 关掉 take ~ 脱掉 shut ~ 关掉wear ~ 磨损 go ~ 爆炸 break ~ 中断3) 完成，停止(indicating completion)finish pay break send leave pass sign wear write bring call layfinish ~ 结束 pay ~ 付清 break ~ 停止，中断send ~ 结束 leave ~ 停止 pass ~ 终止，停止sign ~ 停止播音 wear ~ 消失， write ~ 注销，购销bring ~ 完成 call ~ 取消 lay ~ 停止, 解雇4) 着地(down to the ground)fall jump knock slipfall ~ 落下 jump ~ 跳下 knock ~ 击倒 slip ~ 滑倒5. in1) 进入，向里(into, inside, indoors)barge beat break breathe burst drop fall get knock lead let move step settle smuggle cut call draw intervene involvebarge ~ 闯入 beat ~ 打进 break ~ 闯入,插嘴breathe ~ 吸入 burst ~ 闯入，打断drop ~ 偶然拜访 fall ~ 跌入 get ~ 插入，收进 knock ~ 打入 lead ~ 导入 let ~ 进入，嵌入 move ~ 迁入 step ~ 走进 settle ~ 迁入 smuggle ~ 偷偷运进cut ~ 插嘴 call ~ 来访 draw ~ （火车）进站intervene ~ 介入 involve ~ 卷入2) 包围，关闭(to be surrounded, or enclosed)close lock shut wallclose ~ 包围，封闭lock ~ 禁闭 shut ~ 关进 wall ~ 围住3) 加入，记入(to be added, or included)book check count fill hand take sendbook ~ 登记 check ~ 签到 count ~ 记入 fill ~ 填入 hand ~ 交上 take ~ 吸收 send ~ 呈交6. out1) 向外（away from the inside, outside）keep take put come bring bar breathe eat get go lay lock look move point pour pull ship stick spit beat knock dine drive leak draw see draw letkeep ~ 使在外 take ~ 拿出 put ~ 放出，伸出come ~ 长出， bring ~拿出 bar ~关在外 breathe ~ 呼吸出 eat ~ 出去吃 get ~ 弄出 go ~ 出去 lay ~ 摆开，展示lock ~ 关在外面 look ~ 向外看 move ~ 搬出 point ~指出 pour ~ 诉说pull ~ 拉出 ship ~ 运出 stick ~伸出 spit ~ 吐出 beat ~ 敲出 knock ~ 敲出 dine ~ 外出吃饭 drive ~ 驾车外出 leak ~ 漏出 draw ~ 拉出 see ~ 送出门去 draw ~ 出站 let ~ 放出, 释放2) 结束，消失，取消(to or at an end, not to be there or not to exist)burn clear dust fade put run use give comb kick wipe die rub blot blow bleach carry leave see go come cut hold sell tire wearburn ~ 烧尽，烧断clear ~ 清除 dust ~ 清除 fade ~ 消失 put ~ 扑灭 run ~ 用完 use ~ 耗尽 give ~ 耗尽 comb ~ 淘汰 kick ~ 逐出 wipe ~ 消灭 die ~ 灭绝 rub ~ 擦掉 blot ~ 除去 blow ~ 吹熄 bleach ~ 漂白 carry ~ 完成，执行leave ~ 省去 see ~ 完成 go ~ 熄灭 come ~ 罢工，结果cut ~ 删去，停止hold ~ 坚持到底 sell ~ 买完 tire ~ 筋疲力尽 wear ~ 磨损3) 大声（in a loud voice, aloud）sing cry shout call spell speak scream read yell sob burstsing ~ cry ~ shout ~ call ~ ，喊，申斥 spell ~ speak ~ scream ~ read ~ yell ~ sob ~ burst ~ 咆哮4) 分发，传开(to a number of people or in all directions)give spread set hand share divide call start send break serve dropgive ~ 分发 spread ~ 传开 set ~ 出发 hand ~ 分发 share ~ 分配 divide ~ 分配 call ~ 出动 start ~ 出发 send ~ 发送 break ~ 爆发，逃脱serve ~ 分发口粮 drop ~ 离开,退出5) 搞清，弄明白(in or into notice and clearness)find figure make count come catch carry bear bring fill writefind ~ 找出 figure ~ 算出，解决make ~ 弄清 count ~ 点清 come ~ 出版，出现catch ~ 看出 carry ~ 完成， bear ~ 证明 bring ~ 发表，说出fill ~ 使完全, 添满write ~ 写出7. over1) 向下(downwards from an upright position)knock turn fall trip bend lookknock ~ 撞倒 turn ~ 翻转 fall ~ 脸朝下跌倒trip ~ 拌倒 bend ~ 伏身 look ~ 从…上面看2) 自始至终，通过, 重复(from beginning to end, through, again and again) look think see run talk call read go do glance skip ponderlook ~ 调查 think ~ 考虑 see ~ 查看 run ~ 匆匆看 talk ~ 商量 call ~ 点名 read ~ 读一遍 go ~ 复习 do ~ 重复 glance ~ 浏览 skip ~ 略过 ponder ~思考3) 向上，向外，(indicating motion upwards or outwards) run spill boil throwrun ~ 溢出 spill ~ 溢出 boil ~ 因沸溢出 throw ~ 呕吐。