照章纳税也是一个音乐人的信念——美国女中音歌唱家艾丽斯博士访谈录
2024安徽公务员考试行测真题(行政执法类)
2024安徽公务员考试行测真题(行政执法类)(满分100分时间120分钟)第一部分常识判断1.下列文种中具有任免功能的是()。
A.通知B.决议C.决议D.决定【答案】:D2.马克思根据人的发展状况把人类历史划分为依次更替的三大社会形态。
这三大社会形态是()。
A.自然经济社会、商品经济社会、产品经济社会B.农业社会、工业社会、信息社会C.人的依赖性社会、物的依赖性社会、个人全面发展的社会D.原始公有制社会、私有制社会、共产主义公有制社会【答案】:C3.每个社会成员都应该爱护公共财物,如对花园里的花木草地,马路上的井盖路标等加以保护,不损坏,不滥用,不私占。
这属于()。
A.城市保护的基本要求B.社会公德的基本要求C.家庭道德的基本要求D.职业道德的基本要求【答案】:B4.新航路开辟以前,人们所知道的世界,或者是地中海周围,或者是兖州东部和中部,或者是亚欧大陆及北非等等,总之,不出世界的某一局部。
造成上述对世界认识局限的原因是()。
1/ 13A.世界各地文化、价值观念的不同B.不同地区资源环境的差异C.不同地区经济发展的差异D.世界各地区处于隔绝闭塞状态【答案】:D5.下列对哲学家及其思想的认定不正确的是()。
A.尼采的非理性主义源于叔本华,叔本华的非理性主义源于培根B.毛泽东的实践观同于列宁,列宁的实践观同于马克思C.老子早于庄子,庄子早于韩非子D.亚里士多德师从柏拉图,柏拉图师从苏格拉底【答案】:A6.飞机最佳的起飞条件是()。
A.横风B.顺风C.逆风D.无风【答案】:C7.下列情境不可能发生在19世纪的是()。
A.汤姆通过广播收听葛底斯堡演说B.约翰乘电梯登大楼楼顶拍照留念C.杰克打电话约玛丽一起去看电影D.史蒂芬逊乘火车到斯托克顿旅行【答案】:A8.应标识签发负责人姓名的文件一般是()。
A.越级行文B.上行文C.下行文D.平行文【答案】:B9.在社会主义职业道德中最高层次的要求是()。
2/ 13A.爱岗敬业B.办事公道C.服务群众D.奉献社会【答案】:D10.企业为生产额外一单位产量而发生的成本被作为()A.平均成本B.总成本C.边际成本D.机会成本【答案】:C11.下列属于商品的是()。
百科达人
2014-3-10
理性纯洁的精神恋爱又被人们称为哪位哲学家式的 爱情?
柏拉图式恋爱,也称为柏拉图式爱情,是以西方哲学家 柏拉图命名的一种精神恋爱 理想 理想式的爱情观(比喻极为浪漫或是根本无法实现的爱情观) 纯精神 纯精神的而非有肉体的爱情 平等 男女平等的爱情观
完美 在这世上有且仅有一个人, 对你而言, 她(他)是完美的, 而 且仅对你而言是完美的。任何一个人, 都有其完美的对象, 而且只有一个。
个企业中负责日常事务的最高行政官员,又称作行政总裁、总经理 或最高执行长。
日常生活中我们把自己动手创作制作称为的英文简称?
答案:DIY,Do It Yourself的缩写
2014-3-10
篮球起源于哪个国家? 答案:1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德(Springfield
)市基督教青年会国际训练学校(后为春田学院),该校体育教师
电影午夜凶铃中从电视剧爬出来的著名恐怖角
色叫什么?
答案:贞子 007系列电影中,特工男主角的名字叫什么 ? 答案:邦德 / 詹姆斯· 邦德命运交响曲》
答案:贝多芬
)的作者是:
路德维希· 凡· 贝多芬(Ludwig van Beethoven,1770—1827)德国著名 的作曲家、钢琴家、指挥家,维也纳古典乐派代表人物之一。他一共创作了9 首编号交响曲、35首钢琴奏鸣曲(其中后32首带有编号)、10部小提琴奏鸣 曲、16首弦乐四重奏、1部歌剧、2部弥撒、1部清唱剧与3部康塔塔,另外还 有大量室内乐、艺术歌曲、舞曲。这些作品对音乐发展有着深远影响,因此 贝多芬被尊称为乐圣。
2014-3-10
奢侈品牌LV路易登是哪个国家的品牌?
• 英国著名电影和舞台剧女演员 • 奥斯卡影后 • 被世人敬仰为“人间天使” • 晚年投身慈善事业,是联合国儿童基金会亲 善大使的代表人物 • 1992年被授予美国“总统自由勋章” • 1993年获奥斯卡人道主义奖 • 1999年,她被美国电影学会评为“百年来最 伟大的女演员”第三位
为自己发声
为自己发声作者:来源:《少年博览(阅读与写作)》2019年第09期书虫:嗨,各位,都认识我吧?一只疯狂钻书的虫!因为我爬过四大名著,游过世界经典,遛过童话寓言,蹚过散文小说……所以我经纶满腹、学富五车、博古通今……近视整整一千度,我骄傲!经纪人小樱:好了,好了!知道你要开讲,赶紧入题,要不读者都走光了……《简·爱》的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特(1816-1855),出生于英国北部偏僻山区一个贫寒的牧师家庭,在六个子女中,她排行第三。
母亲死后,父亲没有能力养育这么多孩子,便将女儿们送到一个救济性的寄宿学校里去。
夏洛蒂毕业后,在这个学校里当了三年教师,后来她外出做了家庭教师。
这些经历在《简·爱》中都可以找到相应的叙述。
夏洛蒂自小酷爱文学,法国浪漫主义文学对她产生了很大影响。
《简·爱》一书的出版,为她在英国文坛带来了很高的声誉。
夏洛蒂十分关注女性的命运和生活。
《简·爱》一书中颇具叛逆精神的独立女性形象,可以说是欧洲女权主义的先声。
弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙在《论小说和小说家》里曾提到她读《简·爱》的感受:“夏洛蒂·勃朗特一切的力量都因受到压抑而变得更加强烈,最终全部倾注到这个断然的声明当中,整部《简·爱》都在倾诉着世间的爱、恨、痛苦、泪水、激情和希望。
”《简·爱》里,女主角离开罗切斯特先生后的孤苦无助和百般绝望,似乎都有着夏洛蒂自己的影子。
当简·爱连夜逃离了桑菲尔德庄园,她身无分文,又累又饿,只能凭借着一双脚在無边的荒原上奔逃、奔逃。
“夜露降下来了,不过带着慈祥的温柔,也没有风声拂拂。
大自然似乎对我是宽厚而好心的,我尽管觉得我落魄到那样,她还是爱我的。
而我呢,从人那儿只能指望得到怀疑、鄙弃和侮辱,也就怀着子女般的爱紧紧依偎着她。
”在那个看起来似乎没有尽头的黑夜,简·爱依然对这个世界充满热爱。
正因为拥有这份热爱,所以她在接下来无目的的逃亡之中,始终没有放弃自己。
变换角度 新颖独特角度新颖类文章导读
高考作文复习资料变换角度新颖独特——角度新颖类文章导读“横看成岭侧成峰”,苏东坡是站在不同的角度来认识庐山的。
我们只有像他那样站在不同的立足点来感受生活,才可能对生活有一个更全面、更清晰的认识。
作家、艺术家都非常注意艺术观察和表现的角度,从独特的感受出发,寻找独特的表现角度。
对同一“景象”,换一角度去观看,就会有新的感受。
写文章也是如此。
如果角度不新,就不能吸引读者。
所以高考作文要注意变向思维,选择最佳最新角度,提炼出新颖的见解。
角度的选择,是作者的智慧、观察力和判断力的反映。
角度好能给人以新鲜感,激发读者的阅读兴趣。
客观事物往往具有多元性,对同一事物,观察者的角度不同,观察者的情感各异,往往仁者见仁智者见智,正是思维的多向性才带来了文章的立意的多样性,也才带来了文章的异彩纷呈。
以“竹”为例,“毛竹青了又黄,黄了又青,不向残暴低头,不向敌人弯腰,竹叶烧了,还有竹枝,竹枝断了,还有竹鞭,还有深埋地下的竹根。
”“一到春天,漫山遍野,向大地显露着无限的生机,依然是那一望无际的翠竹。
”这是袁鹰笔下的竹,是大革命时期井冈山人的革命气节和革命精神的写照。
而毛泽东在延安整风运动期间写了《改造我们的学习》一文,其中写到:“墙上芦苇,头重脚轻根底浅;山间竹笋,嘴尖皮厚腹中空。
”你看,毛泽东借竹嘲讽了那些胸无点墨却又偏喜欢发议论的浅薄人。
变换角度新意出。
成都市友好旅行社曾经推出了一项与一般人想法完全不同的旅游活动做法:先旅游后付款,引起了很大的社会反响,同时也产生了较好的经济效益。
河南省影剧院曾推出了类似的举措,收效很好,这就是先看电影,后付款,你认为值多少钱就付多少。
那么我们写作时也要注意变换角度,变换角度往往能够获得出其不意的效果。
人们谈及“这山望着那山高”时,一般都认为见异思迁,一事无成,或是认为欲望太大,没有止境。
变换角度,就可以赋予这个俗语以新意:永不满足,不断向上。
“不满是向上的车轮。
”写作时不妨围绕“不断调整人生旅途中的奋斗目标,奋力以求”来写。
2023年八年级语文(下册期末)模拟试卷及答案
2023年八年级语文(下册期末)模拟试卷及答案满分:120分考试时间:120分钟一、语言的积累与运用。
(35分)1、下列词语中加点字每对读音都不同的一项是()A.驰骋./聘.请打擂./自吹自擂.相形见绌./咄.咄逼人B.蛮横./横.祸巷.道/街头巷.尾拾.级而上/拾.金不昧C.霎.时/刹.那模.具/装模.作样间.不容发/挑拨离间.D.旷.野/粗犷.呼吁./气喘吁.吁日薄.西山/薄.利多销3、下列语句中加点成语使用有误的一项是()A.五一期间,织金洞游人如织,摩肩接踵....。
B.蜀锦的传统技艺让许多现代工厂生产出来的锦缎黯然失色....。
C.韩国政府自出心裁....地部署“萨德”,引起周边国家的强烈不满。
D.网络是柄双刃剑,它虽然可以为我们提供丰富的学习资料,但是也会藏污纳...垢.。
4、下列句子有语病的一项是()A.孩子无不希望得到父母的褒奖,这对其自尊心的培养具有至关重要的作用。
B.今年判阅语文微写作的老师要求必须读过《红楼梦》《老人与海》等原著。
C.南方科技大学校园开放日16日举行,来自多个省市的近千名考生和家长冒雨前来。
D.英国的莎士比亚、狄更斯等世界级文豪对中国文坛有着深远的影响。
5、对下列句运用的修辞手法判断正确的一项是()⑴一声声的问候,一份份不期而至的礼物。
都是用真情渲染的一幅一幅美丽的图画。
⑵一轮圆月缓缓爬上树梢,将它的清辉洒落在屋前的谷地上。
⑶托尔斯泰给人留下的难忘的印象,来源于他那犹如卷起的滔滔白浪的大胡子。
⑷不是每一次奋斗都有祝福,不是每一次付出都有感激,不是每一次进步都有肯定,不是每一次成功都有掌声……可他们仍然不放弃奋斗,不停止付出。
A.比喻拟人夸张排比B.拟人夸张比喻排比C.比喻夸张拟人排比D.夸张比喻排比拟人6、下列句子排序恰当的一项是()①真正的友情储蓄,是不可以单向支取的。
②友情,是人生一笔受益匪浅的储蓄。
③任何带功利性的友情储蓄,不仅得不到利息,而且连本钱也会丧失殆尽。
(俄)契诃夫《万尼亚舅舅》剧本
万尼亚舅舅编剧(俄)契诃夫第一幕[花园。
可以看见带凉台的房屋的一部分。
林荫道上, 在老白杨树下, 茶桌已经摆好。
长凳, 椅子。
一张椅上放有吉他。
离桌不远, 有秋千架。
午后, 两三点钟。
天气阴郁。
[玛里娜(虚胖, 行动缓滞的老妇人, 坐在茶炊旁边。
织毛袜), 阿斯特罗夫(在她身旁, 来回踱着)。
玛里娜(倒出一杯茶来)哪, 喝吧, 小爷。
阿斯特罗夫(勉强接杯)不怎么想喝。
玛里娜那就来点伏特加吧?阿斯特罗夫不。
我并不每天都喝伏特加的。
况且, 天又这么闷。
[停顿。
阿斯特罗夫奶妈。
咱们认识了有多少年啦?玛里娜(思索)多少年?天!让我记记!……你到这儿, 到这一带来, ……那是什么时候呢?……那时候, 苏尼奇卡的妈妈。
薇拉·彼得洛夫娜, 还活着呢。
是在她临死以前的两个冬天, 你来看我们来的。
……说起来, 那该有十一个年头啦。
(稍作思忖)唔, 也许还不只……阿斯特罗夫这些年我变多了吧?玛里娜变多啦。
那时候, 你又年青, 又漂亮, 现在, 可老多啦。
也不像从前那么漂亮。
再说—你如今又爱喝这么一口酒。
阿斯特罗夫是的。
……十一年光景, 我已经变成另外一个人啦。
为什么原故呢?我的工作太劳累啦, 奶妈。
从早到晚, 我老是东奔西走的, 一刻儿也不得安静, 就是到了晚间钻进了被窝里, 也还得时刻担心, 深怕又给拖了出来。
给人家看病去。
自从咱们认识以来, 这么许多年, 我没有过过一天半天的自在日子。
我能不老吗?再说, 生活本身就是沉闷的、愚蠢的、龌龊的。
……这种生活就可以把你整个儿给陷下去。
周围看看, 全都是些怪人, 无论谁, 全都是;在这种人里头生活, 不到这么三年五年, 不知不觉, 一步一步, 自己也不由得变得古怪起来啦。
真是在劫难逃啊!(捻捻自己的长胡子)咳。
我已经长了多么一大把胡子……多么傻头傻脑的胡子啊!我简直变成个怪物啦, 奶妈……可是, 谢天谢地, 我可还没有变得太傻, 我的头脑还能管点儿事情, 可是, 感情已经有点儿麻木啦。
2014年国考逻辑填空预测练习
最新最全的公考资料下载及招考信息发布请关注@华图教育贵州分公司的微博:/guizhouht2014年国考逻辑填空预测练习华图教育任珍珍请根据题目要求,在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。
请开始答题:1.关于征税的艺术,18世纪的一位法国财政大臣曾将其形象喻为“拔鹅毛”,最高境界应该是拔到最多的鹅毛,听到最少的鹅叫。
如果以此标准来看待我国的房产税,可谓是一根鹅毛尚未拔到,却已经听到遍地鹅叫。
不过,由于房产税的具体方案尚未正式出台,最终会以怎样的面目亮相都是未知,现在评述其得失还为时尚早。
这段文字主要强调的是()A.我国房产税的征收应考虑老百姓的感受B.征税是一门艺术C.我国的房产税还未征收已经民怨沸腾D.对房产税的利弊评论为时过早2.“经济学家以及政治哲学家之思想,其力量之大,往往出乎常人意料。
事实上统治世界者,就只是这些思想而已。
许多实行者自以为不受任何学理之影响,却往往当了某个已故经济学家之奴隶。
狂人执政,自以为得天启示,实则其狂想之来,乃得自若干年以前的某个学人。
我很确信,既得利益之势力,未免被人过分夸大,实在远不如思想之逐渐侵蚀力之大。
”通过这段文字,作者表达的主要观点是()A.政治家是思想家的奴隶B.狂人执政受学理的影响较小C.既得利益的势力易被夸大D.思想的影响力非常大3.在未来相当长一段时间内,以人均GDP为主要衡量指标的中国经济发展水平,要赶上西方发达国家依然存在一定难度。
那么,现在的问题是,中国是否只有达到与西方发达国家同样的发展水平时才具备建立覆盖社会全体成员的基本社会保障制度的条件?答案如果是肯定的,则意味着在未来相当长的时间内,中国还不能建立起覆盖社会全体成员的社会保障制度,而这显然不符合发展的要求。
作者通过这段想表达的是()最新最全的公考资料下载及招考信息发布请关注@华图教育贵州分公司的微博:/guizhouhtA.中国经济发展水平要赶上西方发达国家存在一定难度B.中国尚不具备建立覆盖社会全体成员的基本社会保障制度的条件C.覆盖社会全体成员的社保制度不能等到中国赶上西方发达国家发展水平才建立D.中国在未来相当长的时间内还不能建立起覆盖社会全体成员的社会保障制度4.总体上,人们还是会把肉、蛋、奶等动物产品当作优质的蛋白质来源。
文明5引言
机械 “印刷机是启蒙人心的最好工具,能将人提升为有理性有道德的社会人。” ——托马斯·杰斐逊
教育学 “教育是老年生活最好的保障。” ——亚里士多德
金属铸造 “当整块的青铜、黄金或黑铁碎裂时,工匠们会用火重新熔铸,让它们再次结为一体。” ——锡克教圣典《格兰斯·沙希伯》
考古学 “不能铭记历史的人注定要重蹈覆辙。” ——乔治·桑塔亚纳(西班牙哲学家)
科学理论 “科学的每一项重要进展都得力于大胆的想象力。”
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——约翰·杜威(美国教育家)
生物学 “如果大脑简单到能让我们理解,我们的思维就会简单到不能理解大脑。” ——莱尔·沃森(南非生物学家)
可更换部件 “如果你把大任务分解成小任务,任何事都不会特别难。” ——亨利·福特
内燃机 “任何能够在安全行驶的同时亲吻一个年轻姑娘的男人一定没有给那个吻应有的注意力。” ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
塑料 “本,我只想对你说一个词,就一个词:塑料。” ——巴克·亨利/卡尔德·威灵汉姆,《毕业生》
铁路 “引入蒸汽这样一个强大的助手来驱动车轮进行运输,将极大地改变人类的境地。” ——托马斯·杰斐逊
隐形 “微乎微乎,至于无形。神乎神乎,至于无声,故能为敌之司命。” ——孙子
远程通信 “通讯的工具越好,通讯的机会越少。” ——约翰·博因顿·普利斯特利(英国作家)
单位主页 “苍天之下,我们这支军队的勇气和斗志将决定千百万我们后代的命运……我们自己决定着征服还是灭亡。” ——乔治·华盛顿
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艾青《维也纳》《一个姑娘在唱歌》《在智利的海峡上》艺术特点
艾青《维也纳》《一个姑娘在唱歌》《在智利的海峡上》艺术特点中国古代的乐曲,从上古到唐代,不断的被添加新内容,并且一直在不断改进,成为了中国古代乐曲发展到今天的主流。
而近代中国,则是西方乐曲不断发展和完善之时。
如果说早期乐曲是中国古代文化的一部分:那么“五四”以后的乐曲则是在近代中国才开始逐渐发展起来的。
这一时期艾青、贺绿汀、李碧华等众多作曲家开始了对中国古乐进行积极改造。
当然也有一些作品比较消极地进行着“改良”:例如中国古乐作品中经常出现的曲调偏长与旋律沉闷、节奏不协调、声部对比过于鲜明而显得沉闷的现象。
因此在艾青以及许多著名乐曲家的作品中经常出现短句式结构、韵律处理以及音高比例等一系列的新艺术形式。
一、《维也纳》艾青这首歌是早期艾青的代表作之一。
《维也纳》又称“双簧管奏鸣曲”,于1912年由台湾歌手张信哲作曲并演唱。
这是作曲家艾青在维也纳参加纪念维也纳之行,被当地群众所演唱以及唱响的经典。
张信哲曾经唱过这是艾青为奥地利维也纳人民演唱过最早、最受欢迎音乐作品之一。
该曲是艾青首次为中国古乐所作改编创作。
全曲音域为十六至十七度,以竖笛和钢琴伴奏。
作者用一个完整却又丰富生动的旋律,将一种“世界上最美妙”、“最美妙”指“声音美”)和“美妙声音”指“音色美”)完美地组合和发挥在一起;并运用圆号伴奏和竖笛伴奏在中,使声音充满了无限可能去营造出一个优美和谐之美的意境,最后用三个钢琴乐章完成最后一个音符。
二、《一个姑娘在唱歌》这首乐曲作为我国当代著名的古乐曲家艾青的代表作品之一(详见2014年10月25日《艾青论中国古乐》)。
全曲表现了一个年轻的、漂亮的姑娘在一个陌生而又陌生的环境中对陌生环境与美好事物产生的一种向往之情。
这首乐曲在节奏上较短,一般只有三拍子。
这种短句式的结构在艾青之前,国内外大部分音乐作品中都很少见。
但是《一个姑娘在唱歌》这首歌采用了短句式结构。
短句式结构主要是指以三拍为单位写出短句中各两个短句。
周志强:声音的政治——从阿达利到中国好声音
周志强:声音的政治——从阿达利到中国好声音1出生于阿尔及利亚的法国学者贾克·阿达利(Jacques Attali)写过一本有趣的书《噪音——音乐的政治经济学》,书中提出了一个颇值得人们思考,但是又长期被人们忽视的问题:声音在现代政治中的独特意义和声音本身的意识形态内涵。
阿达利把看起来只具有生理和心理意义的“声音”,变成了具有文化研究意义的声音。
在这一副社会学的耳朵里面,我们能听到社会和历史轰轰隆隆发生变迁的状况,也能够感受到声音如何被巧妙改造修饰,最终成为当代社会里面一种“属于私人领地的公共生活”。
比起眼睛,耳朵无法关闭,也就更无法拒绝外来信息的植入——这就让声音天然具有霸权性质。
在我小时候,广播喇叭安装到了家家户户的墙上,每天早上6点准时唱出《东方红》,用这种感恩的曲调,唤醒共和国全体人们的早晨。
去性别化的声音,同时也是拒绝个人处理自己的私人生活的政治权威的象征。
阿达利关注声音和权力之间的奇妙关系,让我们领悟声音的控制与塑造背后所具有的政治经济学的内涵。
声音总是冒充自然和天籁,仿佛是自己在巧妙发生,但是,阿达利却执著地告诉我们,声音的塑造是如此“别有用心”,以至于它是通过差别化的方式,让人们把一种声音看做是“噪音”,而把另一种“噪音”看做是有秩序的音乐。
显然,“声音”具有更强大的暗示启迪作用:也许没有比声音的意识形态更具有隐形的本领——如果我们看一部说教体的电影会产生巨大的反感,但是,具有鲜明的政治含义的旋律,却可以藏身到各种声音中顽强地进入我们的耳朵;同时,声音常常被人们看做是可以摆脱政治的内核的东西,“伟大的音乐”总是可以直入心灵,抵达人类的“情感本质”。
在这里,声音的政治性,就在于其总是可以天然地隐藏这种政治性。
阿达利让一切坚信音乐是纯粹的美的学者变得面如土色:“今天所谓的音乐常常不过是权力的独白的伪装”(P8)。
如果我们总是在电影中听到性感绵软的声音播报“国军”的消息,而高亢明亮的声音播放“解放军”的消息,那么,“高亢明亮”就成为政治正确性的象征;相应地,当“高亢明亮”被有效控制的时候,我们的政治感也就暗中被左右了。
高中语文 阅读材料 灵魂歌手也曾寻找灵魂素材
灵魂歌手也曾寻找灵魂作者:罗爱莲1963年,惠特尼·休斯顿出生在美国新泽西州一个传统的天主教家庭。
20个月大的时候,一次她蹒跚着上楼梯时自娱自乐地哼唱,惊得走在她后面的妈妈茜茜·休斯顿喜极而泣。
尽管吐词不清,但清脆的童音在楼道里流转,美如泉水空山作响,而且,她还在模仿妈妈刚刚在教堂的演唱。
茜茜是一个着名的福音歌歌手,她的福音唱法难度很高,高音、低音转化很多。
小小的惠特尼表现出极强的模仿能力和记忆能力,能孕育一个有音乐天赋的女儿让她十分高兴。
茜茜开始对女儿进行正规训练,她经常将惠特尼带进教堂,让她小小的手和其他教友一起,高高举过头顶,随着节奏摇摆。
惠特尼得以在接受音乐熏陶的同时,从神圣的宗教仪式里得到向善向上的力量。
稍微大一点后,茜茜让惠特尼参加教堂唱诗班,她总是对女儿讲:灵魂的歌一定要用灵魂唱,只有灵魂的沟通才能超越阶层和年龄。
惠特尼11岁那年,茜茜带她参加当地一年一度的福音音乐会,计划母女俩同台表演。
但是开唱前一刻,茜茜的嗓子坏了,她只好打电话让惠特尼独自登台。
惠特尼很害怕,茜茜鼓励女儿说:“我会祈祷上帝,让灵魂在你的歌里出现,你一定能唱好。
”灵魂究竟是什么,惠特尼并不甚懂,只好带着一颗童真之心上台,将天籁的嗓音,演绎成了一条在云上激荡的河流。
她成功了,台下掌声雷动。
事后惠特尼问母亲:“灵魂真的存在吗?为什么老师说灵魂是人的性格个性,而不是牧师说的‘是依附在人躯体上的精神主宰’?”茜茜回答:“孩子,在不同人的心里,灵魂以不同形式存在,我相信它是无形的主宰,所以任何时候我都不会觉得孤单。
”品味着初次成功的喜悦,惠特尼选择相信母亲。
她在七年级时写的文章中有一段是这样的:“我不要追求欢乐、舒适和奢侈,我要追逐灵魂到蓝天飞翔。
”为此,她刻苦学习、练唱,练习形体,在学校品学兼优,并且一心想成为像母亲那样传播爱的艺术家。
可是岁月的风雨,突然就敲打在惠特尼尚不成熟的心灵上。
14岁的一天,她回家,发现母亲在伤心哭泣,父亲约翰·休斯顿站在一堆碎玻璃中,厌倦而疲惫地望着母亲。
世界以痛吻我,我回报之以歌——央视主播郎永淳新书《爱,永纯》素材运用
素材前沿\读书素材96初中版□编辑/海贝“世界以痛吻我,我回报之以歌”,这是泰戈尔《飞鸟集》中的诗句。
在变幻无常的生活中,幸福与灾祸总是如影随形,我们永远也不知道,哪个瞬间,就可能被残酷的命运击中。
但是,当厄运来敲门时,我们唯一能做的,就是面带微笑,平静接受,在痛苦的伤痕上,用歌声催开新的花朵。
《爱,永纯》是郎永淳和妻子吴萍合著的随笔集。
郎永淳是中央电视台的优秀主持人,2011年9月开始在央视《新闻联播》节目担任主播。
2011年妻子吴萍罹患乳腺癌,在治疗一年多后,出现了肿瘤肝转移的情况,吴萍赴美国治疗,已经考上北京知名中学的儿子留学美国,陪伴妈妈,而郎永淳则留在国内乐观坚定地支持着家人。
《爱,永纯》真实记录了一家人相伴相持、休戚与共的感人故事,夫妻双方用各自的视角,分别于中美两地写下近年来关于家庭、婚姻、教育的心情感悟,笔触真挚,感人至深。
特别是他们应对厄运时乐观淡然的态度,以及善于发现和享受生活中美的点点滴滴,让读者从中感到震撼人心的力量。
读者读后,会深深明白,爱,是这个世界上最伟大的力量。
爱,永纯;爱,永恒;爱,无限。
爱•永淳篇关键词:患难与共郎永淳时任央视主播,在拍摄“真诚沟通——广州亚运篇”时,突然被告之要抓紧时间提前回京,他满怀疑惑。
等结束工作回到家中,看到妻子iPad屏幕弹出的页面都是“中医治疗乳腺癌”时,他一下子明白了。
精彩书摘我敲响宾馆的门,给我开门的是已被肿瘤找上门的她。
我心里沮丧,嘴里却说:“幸亏体检查得细,早发现早治疗,没事!”“我害怕!”我看看熟睡的小雨,抱紧她,紧紧抱着,不放手。
我知道,对于这个家来说,我就是顶梁柱,我垮了,天就世界以痛吻我,我回报之以歌——央视主播郎永淳新书《爱,永纯》素材运用王 鑫新书闪读读书素材\素材前沿97塌了。
上有老下有小,我得撑着。
她貌似平静,我宁愿她能哭出来,让情绪释放。
她一直没哭,哪怕是眼角湿润。
但她心里一定装满了泪水,或是泪水已偷偷流干。
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲(test1)
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲(test1)剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test1)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13,which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.StepwellsA millennium ago, stepwells were fundamental to life in thedriest parts of India. Richard Co某 travelled to north-western India to document these spectacular monuments from a bygone eraDuring the si某th and seventh centuries, the inhabitants of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in north-western India developed a method of gaining access to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and irrigation. However, the significance of this invention — the stepwell — goes beyond its utilitarian application.Unique to this region, stepwells are often architecturally comple 某 and vary widely in size and shape. During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and rela某ation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found dotted round the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were positioned beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps descending from ground level to the water source (normally an underground aquifer) as it recedes following the rains. When the water level was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps toreach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated.Some wells are vast, open craters with hundreds of steps paving each sloping side, often in tiers. Others are more elaborate, with long stepped passages leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by pillars, they also included pavilionsthat sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter.Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout north?western India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse; many are derelict and dry, as groundwater has been diverted for industrial use and the wells no longer reach the water table. Their condition has n’t been helped by recent dry spells: southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year drought between 1996 and 2022.However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state.In Patan, the state’s ancient capital, the stepwell of Rani Ki Vav (Queen’s Stepwell) is perhaps the finest current e某ample. It was built by Queen Udayamati during the late 11th century, but became silted up following a flood during the 13th century. But the Archaeological Survey of India began restoring it in the 1960s, and today it is in pristine condition. At 65 metres long, 20 metres wide and 27 metres deep, Rani Ki Vav features 500 sculptures carved into niches throughout the monument. Incredibly, in January 2022, thisancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale.Another e某ample is the Surya Kund in Modhera, northern Gujarat, ne某t to the Sun Temple, built by King Bhima I in 1026 to honour the sun god Surya. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation. The terraces house 108 small, intricately carved shrines between the sets of steps.Rajasthan also has a wealth of wells. The ancient city of Bundi, 200 kilometres south of Jaipur, is renowned for its architecture, including its stepwells.One of the larger e某amples is Raniji Ki Baori,which was built by the queen of the region, Nathavatji, in 1699. At 46 metres deep, 20 metres wide and 40 metres long, the intricately carved monument is one of 21 baoris commissioned in the Bundi area by Nathavatji.In the old ruined town of Abhaneri, about 95 kilometres east of Jaipur, is Chand Baori, one of India’s oldest and deepest wells; aesthetically it’s perhaps one of the most dramatic. Built in around 850 AD ne某t to the temple of Harshat Mata, the baori comprises hundreds of zigzagging steps that run along three of its sides, steeply descending 11 storeys, resulting in a striking pattern when seen from afar. On the fourth side, verandas which are supported by ornate pillars overlook the steps.Still in public use is Neemrana Ki Baori, located just off the Jaipur-Delhi highway. Constructed in around 1700, it is nine storeys deep, with the last two being underwater. At ground level, there are 86 colonnaded openings from where the visitor descends 170 steps tothe deepest water source.Today, following years of neglect, many of these monuments to medieval engineering have been saved by the Archaeological Survey of India, which has recognised the importance of preserving them as part of the country’s rich history. Tourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north?-western India to gaze in wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, which serve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisations and of the value of water to human e某istence.Questions 1-5Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In bo某es 1-5 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 E某amples of ancient stepwells can be found all over the world.2 Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to thoserelated to water collection.3 The few e某isting stepwells in Delhi are more attractive than those found elsewhere.4 It took workers many years to build the stone steps characteristic of stepwells.5 The number of steps above the water level in a stepwell altered during the course of a year.Questions 6-8Answer the questions below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 6-8 on your answer sheet6 Which part of some stepwells provided shade for people?7 What type of serious climatic event, which took place in southern Rajasthan, is mentioned in the article?8 Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays?Questions 9-13Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 9-13 on your answer sheetStepwell Date Features Other notesRani Ki Vav Late11thcentury As many as 500 sculptures decorate the monument Restored in the 1960sE某cellent condition, despite the 9 _______ of 2022Surya Kund 1026 Steps on the10 ______ produce ageometrical patternCarved shrines Looks more like a 11 _______than a wellRaniji Ki Baori 1699 Intricately carved monument One of 21 baoris in the area commissioned by Queen NathavatjiChand Baori 850 AD Steps take you down 11 storeys to the bottom Old, deep and very dramaticHas 12 _____ whichprovide a view of the stepsNeemrana Ki Baori 1700 Has two 13 ______levels Used by public todayYou should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-21Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-E and G-I from the list of headings below.Write the correct number,i-某i, in bo某es 14-21 on your answer sheetList of Headingsi A fresh and important long-term goalii Charging for roads and improving other transport methodsiii Changes affecting the distances goods may be transportediv Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns v The environmental costs of road transportvi The escalating cost of rail transportvii The need to achieve transport rebalanceviii The rapid growth of private transporti某 Plans to develop major road networks某 Restricting road use through charging policies alone某i Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission14 Paragraph A 19 Paragraph G15 Paragraph B 20 Paragraph H16 Paragraph C 21 Paragraph I17 Paragraph D18 Paragraph EE某ample AnswerParagraph F vii1990-2022What have been the trends and what are the prospects for European transport systems?A It is difficult to conceive of vigorous economic growth without an efficient transport system. Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase. There are two key factors behindthis trend. For passenger transport, the determining factor is the spectacular growth in car use. The number of cars on European Union (EU) roads saw an increase of three million cars each year from 1990 to 2022, and in the ne某t decade the EU will see a further substantial increase in its fleet.B As far as goods transport is concerned, growth is due to a large e某tent to changes in the European economy and its system of production. In the last 20 years, as internal frontiers have been abolished, the EU has moved from a ‘stock’ economy to a ‘flow’ economy. This phenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries, particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.C The strong economic growth e某pected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic. In 1998, some of these countries already e某ported more than twice their 1990 volumes and imported more than five times their 1990 volumes. And although many candidatecountries inherited a transport system which encourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favour of road transport since the 1990s. Between 1990 and 1998,road haulage increased by 19.4%, while during the same period rail haulage decreased by 43.5%, although — and this could benefit the enlarged EU — it is still on average at a much higher level than in e某isting member states.D However, a new imperative — sustainable development — offers an opportu nity for adapting the EU’s common transport policy. This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council, has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. The ambitious objective can only be fully achieved by 2022, but proposed measures are nonetheless a first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years’ time, that is by 2022.E In 1998,energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of CO2,the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be e某pected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2022,compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an ecological necessity and a technological challenge.F At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the lessso after over half a century of constant deterioration in favour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.G The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles e某pected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.H The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance.I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the othermodes to return to their 1998 levels and thus make a shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.Questions 22-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In bo某es 22-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this22 The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.23 To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant consumers.24 Cars are prohibitively e某pensive in some EU candidate countries.25 The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.26 By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes.3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The psychology of innovationWhy are so few companies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival,and companies putsubstantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in lu某urious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research showsthat the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. Studies at Harvard Business School show that, although some individuals may be more creative than others, almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.The value fit matters, says Cialdini, because innovation is, inpart, a process of change, and under that pressure we, as a species,behave differently, ‘When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe.’ Managers should therefore adopt an approach that appears counter?intuitive — they should e某plain what stands to be lost if the company fails to seize a particular opportunity. Studies showthat we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward.Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative e某changes within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone.‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites aninterview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was sointelligent she rar ely sought advice”.’Teamwork taps into one of the basic drivers of human behaviour. ‘The principle of social proof is so pervasive that we don’t even recognise it,’ says Cialdini. ‘If your project is being resisted, for e某ample, by a group of veteran employees, ask another old-timer to speak up for it.’ Cialdini is not alone in advocating this strategy. Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speech.Writing, visualising and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Com Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it of ten does. The wrong kind of leadership will lead to what Cialdini calls‘captainitis, the regrettable tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities that are properly theirs’. He calls it captainitis because, he says, ‘crew members of multipi lot aircraft e 某hibit a sometimes deadly passivity when the flight captain makes a clearly wrong-headed decision’. This behaviour is not, he says, unique to air travel, but can happen in any workplace where the leader is overbearing.At the other end of the scale is the 1980s Memphis design collective, a group of young designers for whom ‘the only rule was that there were no rules’. This environment encouraged a freeinterchange of ideas, which led to more creativity with form, function, colour and materials that revolutionised attitudes to furniture design.Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation isthat there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognising these psychological realities.Questions 27-30Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in bo某es 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 The e某ample of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point aboutA recognising talent.B working as a team.C having a shared objective.D being an effective leader.28 James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because theyA were conscious of their own limitations.B brought complementary skills to their partnership.C were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.D encouraged each other to realise their joint ambition.29 The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packetsas an e某ample of how toA inspire creative thinking.B generate concise writing.C promote loyalty to a group.D strengthen commitment to an idea.30 In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees toA be aware of their company’s goals.B feel that their contributions are valued.C have respect for their co-workers’ achieve ments.D understand why certain management decisions are made.Questions 31-35Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 31-35 on your answer sheet31 Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to32 At times of change, people tend to33 If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often34 People working under a dominant boss are liable to35 Employees working in organisations with few rules are more likely toA take chances.B share their ideas.C become competitive.D get promotion.E avoid risk.F ignore their duties.G remain in their jobs.Questions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In bo某es 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this36 The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.37 Most people have the potential to be creative.38 Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.39 It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.40 A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test1)Passage 1 参考译文:梯水井一千年前,对存活于印度最干旱的地区的生命来说,阶梯水丼是非常重要的。
声音的重要性
有人说:“声音是灵魂的音乐。
”是的,有时候,光是听一个人的声音,就构成了足够的诱惑力。
而有的人,却不那么幸运,不说话还好,一张口,就让人厌烦。
声音是一种谜。
?35岁的艾蓝说:“我不喜欢自己的声音,不够甜美、性感。
”她希望自己的声音像李玟:“以前听过她唱歌,觉得她声音一般。
后来在美国电视里听到她说中文的广告,很震惊!她的声音很性感,比较高但又不尖,很女人。
”?艾蓝是一个优雅的女人,声音柔美而不失醇厚。
她还记得第一次听到自己的录音,“是大学时上外语课,从录音听着觉得不好听,太成熟。
”?第一次听到自己的录音,或者第一次听到答录机上自己的声音,有谁没有觉得怪异?似乎一种不和谐突然出现:那个所谓的自己的声音,与我们对自己的印象相距遥远!?“在90%的情况下,人们不喜欢录下来自己的声音,他们觉得不像自己。
因为人是通过骨头听到自己的声音,这也是正常情况下他们唯一能听到自己的声音。
” 法国研治发音障碍的专家伊丽莎白·佛海斯奈博士解释说。
?声音暴露我们的一切?有时,脱口而出的一个字、一声尖叫、一声抽噎或者大笑就把我们暴露无遗。
我们罩得好好的面具就这样应声而落!精神分析师穆萨·纳巴蒂说:“人跟自己声音的关系是一种想象关系,这中间有他对自身形象的一种期待。
因为通过声音这个沟通工具,表达出来的是人内心深处的状态。
”?过去的种种经历都可能经由声音浮现出来。
以我们日常生活中司空见惯的问路为例。
有这么些人,别人的回答会让他们感觉遭到了斥责,而他们的感觉并没有欺骗他们。
为什么?这或许可以归罪于他们的声音,它在对别人发出邀请——“责备我吧!”而这种情形很可能源自童年时期与父母未解决的冲突。
?又如刺耳、沙哑的声音,它们的主人是在竭尽全力宣告自己的存在,用这种声音来不断呐喊:“我存在!在你们中间有我的位置!”这种声音的主人往往意识不到,他们的声音带给周围人多大的侵扰!?法国声音整形专家让·阿比特波认为:“这样的人通常是要证明什么,向自己证明,也向周围的人证明。
八年级语文上册第9课《美丽的颜色》课件(5)
阅读提示:
“文章记述了居里夫妇在棚屋中用四年时间提取镭的过程。作 者像一个摄影师,充满深情地将一个个镜头展示出来。我们好像 置身于残破的棚屋,看到居里夫妇繁忙的身影,感受到科学发现 的艰辛,也领略到科学家的坚守与乐观。”
艾芙·居里,是著名的女科学家居里夫人 的次女,优秀的音乐教育家和人物传记作 家 , 1 9 0 4 年 诞 生 在 巴 黎 。 艾 芙 ·居 里 自 幼 在 充满浓郁的学术气氛的家庭中长大,母亲 居里给予她巨大的影响。在巴黎赛维尼埃 中学毕业后,潜心攻读音乐,1937年在母 亲居里夫人去世3周年之际,她发表了《居 里夫人传》一书,在法国国内引起了很大 反响。
Part 2:通读课文,概括镜头语言
2、速读课文,环绕居里夫妇发现镭的过程,作者描画了哪些动人的镜头?
镜头的背景
发现镭的过程
镜头的内容
炼制暴雨中搬设备(3-5) ③不停地搅拌沥青(6-7)
①夫妻间的工作讨论(12-14) ②同行间的学术谈话(15-16) ③伴侣间的未来遐想(17-19)
三、合作探究
1.小组合作讨论,分析居里夫人的形象特点。
① 居里夫人是一个热爱科学的人 “工作日变成了工作月,工作月变成了工作年,比埃尔和玛丽并没有失掉
勇气。这种抵抗他们的材料迷住了他们。”“迷住”一词表现了她对科学的 痴迷和挚爱。
“玛丽的身体前倾,热切地望着,她此时的姿势,就像一小时前在她睡着 了的孩子床头看着孩子一样。”“前倾”“热切”生动形象地表现了居里夫 人对镭的迷恋。
“在顶楼里度过”指的是居里夫人在巴黎求学时,由于积蓄不多,她租 住在环境非常差的顶层阁楼,但是居里夫人自得其乐,每天都埋头于学习之 中 思 考 一 : “ 玛 丽 ·斯 可 罗 夫 斯 卡 ” 和 “ 玛 丽 ·居 里 ” 指 的 都 是 同 一 个 人 , 为 什 么要用两个不同的称谓呢?
女中音咏叹调《信之歌》的演唱艺术处理
女中音咏叹调《信之歌》的演唱艺术处理摘要:在声乐中咏叹调通常是训练和提高综合演唱技巧的重要素材之一,对稳定声音技巧起着极其重要的作用。
《维特》中的女主角夏绿蒂两首主要咏叹调也是声乐中经常涉及的曲目。
夏绿蒂所演唱的咏叹调《信之歌》是整部歌剧中的重要转折点,本文着重探讨作曲家在塑造人物形象时所运用的艺术手法,为演唱研究做充分的准备。
关键词:女中音咏叹调速度力度音色呼吸咏叹调是西洋歌剧中独唱的一种演唱形式,经过长期的演变和发展后,现专指歌剧中具有人物特征的独唱曲,是歌剧中最动人、最具音乐魅力的歌唱形式。
“在歌剧中,脚本勾画人物的外部轮廓,而音乐则需要展现人物的内在秉性,洞察人物的内部心理。
无论脚本中提供了多么丰富而周到的人物信息,如不经过音乐的过滤、诠释和深化,歌剧人物仍然无法真正获得生命。
”歌剧咏叹调在我们学习声乐的过程中占有很大比重,更多的学习者具备了一定的演唱能力之后都喜欢去了解和演唱一些歌剧咏叹调,甚至是高难度的咏叹调来证明自己的演唱水平及演唱能力。
歌剧《维特》中夏绿蒂的咏叹调《信之歌》是整部歌剧中极其重要的一首咏叹调,戏剧张力很强,也是整部歌剧中篇幅最长的一首咏叹调,是刻画主人公内心矛盾冲突最重要的一幕,也正是基于此,笔者探究这首咏叹调的艺术处理,希望能为声乐演唱者提供可借鉴的经验。
本文主要从速度处理、力度的控制、音色的调整、呼吸的设计四个方面着手进行研究。
一、速度的处理“不同速度和调式音乐所诱发情绪的反应是不同的,快速、大调式音乐比慢速、小调式音乐能诱发个体更为积极的情绪反应。
”速度是艺术表现形式中最重要的表现手法。
人们在情绪低落时语调、语速都会低且慢很多,情绪高昂时语调会上扬、语速会加快。
咏叹调《信之歌》的速度变换非常频繁,为了表现夏绿蒂内心的挣扎和矛盾,速度时快时慢,最快时的速度达到每分钟132拍。
演唱者在演唱之前应仔细揣摩主人公的内心情感,琢磨作曲家每一次速度变化的意图。
作品一開始出来要求的速度是“enanimant”(活跃的速度),音乐经过简短的几个小节进行之后,速度迅速转变为每分钟92拍的“Lent”(慢的),但并没有按照这种速度进行多久,紧接着又有了新的速度变换,从原来的“Lent”(慢的)速度变成了“Animé”(稍微活跃点),速度变化之多但却仍然没有停下来要求进一步的“Aezanimé”,每分钟108拍,不知不觉中已经逐渐把音乐推到了一个前所未有的高潮,对音乐速度的要求是每分钟132拍。