高中英语情态动词精讲与解析

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高中英语语法讲义-情态动词

② 后接动词进行式，表示动作正在进行或将要发生：
He may [might] be writing a letter. 他可能在写信。
They may [might] be going abroad next month. 他们可能在下个月出国。
③ 后接动词完成式，表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测：
另外，could还可与表示感知的动词(如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, understand等)连用表示的特定能力：
Looking down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway. 从飞机上向下看，我们可以看见机场跑道上的点点灯火。
2) 表示委婉的批评或责备：
You might have made greater progress. 你的进步本来可更大一些的。
You might at least have answered my letter. 你至少可以回我一封信嘛。
③ 表示“差点儿就要”：
I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。
二、may与might的用法
1. 表示允许
注意以下两种情况：
(1) 表示请求允许(即请求别人允许自己做某事)，两者都可用，只是 might 表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去)：
May [Might] I sit here? 我可以坐在这里吗?
1) 表示过去某事可能发生而实际上却并没发生：
A lot of men died who might have been saved．很多人本来可以获救的却死了。
It was really very dangerous. I might have killed myself. 那真的是太危险了，我差点没命了。

高中英语_语法_情态动词讲解精致版_讲解+随手练

情态动词一、情态动词用法** 情态动词具有词汇意义，但意义不够完整，一般不能单独作谓语。

情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度。

can; could; may; might; shall; should; will; would; must; dare; need; ought to** 主要归纳为以下几个考查热点：1. 情态动词基本用法；2. 情态动词表示推测和特定的语气；3. 情态动词+ have done 结构；4. 情态动词和各种时态连用的含义；⏹He may be a teacher.⏹He may be reading in the classroom.⏹He may have finished her homework.⏹It must have been raining heavily when he got back,for he was wet over.1. can的用法①表示现在的能力（相当于be able to ）He ______ / ____ _____ ____ read French fluently now.注：1) can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人e.g. She _________sing the song in English.This machine____ make you feel comfortable.2) 表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。

He _____ escape from Europe before the war broke out.②表示对现在的推测（只用于否定句和疑问句中，肯定句中用may/might）A: Look, someone is coming. Who ______ it be?B: It _____ be the headmaster.A: It _______ be him. He has gone to Beijing on business. B: Then it _______ be Mr. Zhang. He looks like the headmaster.③用于肯定句中表示【客观上或理论上】的可能性，“有时候可能会”（不是推测）Children can be annoying sometimes.Accidents can happen on such rainy days.④用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气。

情态动词知识点总结高中

情态动词知识点总结高中情态动词是英语中一个重要的语法现象，它们能够表达说话者的情感、态度、意愿等，以及表达说话者对事件的推测、猜测、可能性等。

了解情态动词的用法，能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思，也有助于我们理解他人的意图。

本文将对情态动词的概念、用法、以及常见的情态动词进行总结和归纳，以便于读者更深入地理解情态动词的使用。

一、情态动词的概念情态动词（Modal Verb）是一类特殊的助动词，用来表示说话者的情感、态度、意愿等，以及表达说话者对事件的推测、猜测、可能性等。

情态动词通常用于句子的前面，后面跟动词原形，用来构成不同的语法结构和表达不同的含义。

英语中常见的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would、ought to等。

这些情态动词具有一些共同的特点，比如不能独立完成谓语，后面必须跟动词原形；在疑问句和否定句中，情态动词的位置要发生变化等。

二、情态动词的用法1. 表示能力和可能性can与could表示说话者的能力或者对某种事情的可能性，其中can用于现在时，could用于过去时。

比如：I can speak Spanish.（我会说西班牙语。

）She could swim when she was five.（她五岁的时候就会游泳。

）may与might也表示可能性，may 用于现在时，might 用于过去时。

比如：It may rain tomorrow.（明天可能会下雨。

）I thought she might come.（我以为她可能会来。

）2. 表示请求和建议will与would可以表示请求，will用于肯定句，would用于否定句和疑问句。

比如：Will you please help me?（你能帮帮我吗？）I would like to go with you.（我想和你一起去。

）shall与should也可以表示请求或者建议，should更多地表示建议。

高考英语情态动词知识梳理与精题分析

高考英语情态动词知识梳理与精题分析内容解读1．准确把握情态动本身的意义和用法。

包括can, may, must, will, shall, would, should, could, ought to, might, dare, need等。

2．准确把握情态动词的推测、判断用法。

3．准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。

能力解读1．了解常见情态动词的语法特征、语义特征及相互间的区别：2．能够根据上下文的意思来确定情态动词的应用。

命题规律1．情态动词和虚拟语气在近几年高考中均是重点项目。

根据对以上各题的分析，高考的热点依次是：①推测和可能性；②"情态动词+ have done"结构；③虚拟语气；④shall, should, can 和must 表示特定语气。

2．试题的立意不偏不怪，但是有效信息越来越隐蔽，情景越来越生动、真实，考查角度越来越细微化、综合化，而这些因素都增加了试题的难度。

每年高考的单项填空部分必然有一道考查情态动词的题目，这一点是不会动摇的。

试题的特征不会有显著变化，即：立意仍将不偏不怪，情景仍将逼近真实，设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。

突破方法1．学习和掌握情态动词的意义和用法，应遵循如下步骤：①阅读语法参考书，首先从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征；②逐个学习，了解每个情态动词的用法特征；③认真区别具有相同功能的、意思相近的情态动词的用法；④收集大量真实的口语材料（如教材中的对话材料及听力材料），在真实的实际情景中印证和领悟它们的用法特征。

2．解答情态动词类的题目时，一定要细细领会情景特征，情景中没有废话，不要放过任何细节。

只有这样，才会找到足够的有效信息，做出最佳选择。

3．一定要将上面的提到的高考热点落到实处，反复咀嚼，反复演练，确保精通。

知识梳理梳理一情态动词的类型和特征一、情态动词的类型1．只作情态动词用的有：must, can (could), may (might), ought to；2．可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need, dare (美语中常用作实义动词)；3．可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：shall (should), will (would)；4．具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have (had) to, used to。

高中英语语法讲解情态动词

高中英语语法讲解情态动词概述1. 共有10个情态动词：can/could, may/might, will/would, shall, should, ought to, must；2个半情态动词need,dare2. 特点：（1）情态动词后加动词原形（即不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语；（2）没有人称和数的变化；（3）多数情态动词有过去式，但其过去式有时并不表示时态，而只起“委婉或不确定语气”的作用。

Would you do me a favour?She may/might be watering the flowers now.3. 情态动词在句子中可发挥不同作用，如表能力，表责任与义务，表推测，表征求允许，表请求，表建议，表语气态度等等● He can/could run 100 meters in 11 seconds.● You should/ought to/must work hard to win a gold medal.● Can/Could/May/Might I watch the Olympics tonight?● Will/Can/Could/Would you help me with my training?● He might/may/could/should/ought to/will/must watch the football match tonight.● I suggest that you should watch the opening ceremony.● Can this be true?4. (1)情态动词+do 表对一般现在或将来情况的推测(2)情态动词+ be doing 表对正在发生的事情的推测(3)情态动词+have done 表对过去已经发生的事情的推测● 常见“情态动词+have done”归纳1. could have done 过去本有能力做某事但没做（虚拟）2. may/might have done ①过去可能已经做了某事（推测）②过去本可能做某事但没做（虚拟）(责备)3. must have done过去一定已经做了某事（推测）4. can't/couldn't have done过去不可能已经做了某事（推测）5. should/ ought to have done ①过去应该已经做了某事（推测）②过去本应该做某事但没做（虚拟）（责备）6. shouldn't/ oughtn't to have done 过去本不应该做某事但做了（虚拟）（责备）7. needn't have done 过去本不必做某事但做了（虚拟）例句1) You could have got a full mark, but you were to careless.2) She may have missed the first train in the morning.3) You may have hurt yourself when climbing the tree.4) You must have stayed up late last night.5) It can't/couldn't have rained last night, for the streets are dry.6) They should have arrived in Beijing by this time.7) You should have e to the meeting earlier.8) You shouldn't have told Mary the sad truth.9) You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was near my house.一、can/could 的用法3. 固定用法：(1) can not/never…too/enough “再怎么…也不过分，越…越好”● I can never thank you enough.● You can't be too careful.● You can never remember too many words.(2) can't + 比较级“不能更...，非常...”● I can't agree more.● The film couldn't be more boring(3) cannot but do sth. 不得不，只好● I cannot but admire your bravery.(4) can't help doing sth 情不自禁做； can't help (to) do sth 不能帮忙做二、may/might的用法3．may表示祝愿或希望。

高考英语二轮复习情态动词和虚拟语气考点讲解含解析

情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示“一般能力”；be able to有多种时态,且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”.如：My grandma is over seventy,but she can still read without glasses.They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2．表示允许可用can或could,与may/might意义接近.could可用于现在时,只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用could.—Could I have the television on?—Yes,you can./No,you can't.二、may与might1．表示允许,意为“可以,许可”,用法基本上同can与could.如：May I use your bicycle?2．表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”.如：According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3．may可以放在句首,表示祝愿.如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要,强调外界压力,不得已而为之.如：He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作.(主观上要做这件事)My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了,我只得半夜里把医生请来.(客观上需要做这件事)2．表示“不必”,须用don't have to或needn't.must的否定式表示“禁止,绝对不可”.如：You don't have to tell him about it.你不必告诉他那件事.You mustn't tell him about it.你绝不能告诉他那件事.—Must we do it now?我们必须现在做吗？—No, you needn't.不,你们不必.四、shall1．用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,用来征求对方的意见或请求指示.如：What shall he do next?他下一步干什么呢？2．用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令、警告、允诺、威胁、强制”等意思.如：He shall stay in bed.他必须躺在床上.You shall have it back next week.下周一定还你.He says he won't go, but I say he shall.他说他不去,但我说他必须去.五、will与would1．will用于各种人称,表示“意志、意愿”或“决心”等.如：If you will keep your watch half an hour slow, it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments.如果你想要让你的表慢半个小时,你约会时迟到就不足为怪了.2．will表示习惯性的动作,有“总是,惯于”的含义.如：An Englishman will usually show you the way in the street.英国人通常是会在街上给你指路的.3．would可表示过去反复发生的动作.如：On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing.星期天他总是早起去钓鱼.六、should与ought to1．should表示“建议”或“劝告”,有“应该”之意.如：You should learn from each other.2．ought to表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事.如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.3．should和ought to也可用来表示推测,意为“想必会……”.如：—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They should be ready by 1200.七、情态动词表示推测1．can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性,意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测,意为“可能”,有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测,can't意为“不可能”,语气很强烈.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和,但有时候也会相当冷.Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the meeting?布什先生做什么事情都很准时,他怎么可能开会迟到呢？—Let's visit Tom together, Stephen.—There's no need to do so. He can't be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.——Stephen,咱们一起拜访汤姆吧.——没必要这样做.他一定不在家,因为今天早晨我看见他登上了飞往北京的航班.2．may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测,意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测,may not意为“可能不”,表示一种不太确定的语气.The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?这些天交通很繁忙,我可能会来晚一点,请你帮我保留个位置好吗？3．must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could).—It's the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here.—Oh, sorry.——这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西.——噢,对不起.4．should用来表示推测时意为“应该”,即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思.There shouldn't be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lotin the driving school.因为你在驾校训练了这么多,通过路考应该没什么困难.八、“情态动词＋have done”结构1．should/ought to＋have done,表示“过去本应该做而(实际)没有做的事情”,含有责备或遗憾的语气,意为“本应该……”.其否定形式为“should not/ought not to have＋done”,表示某种行为本不该发生但实际上发生了.I shouldn't have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.我本不应该看那部电影——它会令我做噩梦.You ought to have come to the party yesterday, but why didn't you come?昨天你本来应该参加聚会的,可是你为什么不来？2．must＋have done,用于肯定句,表示“过去一定做过某事”,表示一种很有把握的推测.注意,对过去发生的情况的否定推测常用“can't/couldn't＋have done”表示.—Ye Shiwen won two gold medals in London Olympic Games.—She must have gone through tough training.——叶诗文在伦敦奥运会获得了两枚金牌.——她肯定受到严格的训练.—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.—Well. He can't have gone far—his coat's still here.——你知道大卫在哪里吗？我到处找不到他.——大卫的上衣还在这里,因此他肯定没走远.3．needn't＋have done,表示“过去没有必要做某事,但实际上做了某事”.Mark needn't have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.马克本没必要那么匆忙.他以最快速度开车,结果早到了半个小时.4．may/might＋have done,表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性的推测,表示“可能已做了某事……”,否定句表示“可能还没有……”.Sorry, I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.对不起,我迟到了.我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了.5．could＋have done表示“过去本来可以做某事,但实际上没有做”；can/could＋have done表示“过去可能做了某件事”.I could have saved the poor rabbit, but I didn't have the right drugs with me at that moment.我本来可以拯救那只可怜的兔子的,可是我当时没有合适的药品.第二部分、虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的用法1.在具体运用中,条件从句中有时可省略if而采用倒装结构.如：Had it not been for your help, we wouldn't have achieved so much.2．介词without/but for、连词but、副词otherwise常用来表示某种假设条件.如：I wouldn't have made such rapid progress without your help.3．有时候从句动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时谓语动词的形式要根据各自的时间来调整.如：If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.二、“should＋动词原形”表示的虚拟语气这一类型常见词有“一坚持(insist)、二命令(order, command)、三建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四要求(request, require, demand, desire)”.以上词及其派生名词所接的名词性从句都使用“(should ＋)动词原形”的虚拟语气.①Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill, and her mother suggested that she(should) havea medical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她病了,她母亲建议她去检查身体.②She insisted that the man had stolen her car and that he(should) be sent to prison.她坚持说那个男人偷了她的车,并坚决要求他坐牢.三、特殊句式中的虚拟语气If only/It's (high) time (that)．..wish/would rather/as if等固定句式要求用相应的虚拟语气表达形式.①I wish I could fly.真希望我能飞.②I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来.③If only I had taken your advice!要是听从了你的建议该多好啊！高频考点一、考查情态动词例1．（2018·北京卷）In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词.句意：在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题.数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can.C选项正确.其余情态动词均没有该用法.need需要；should应该,竟然；must必须,肯定.【变式探究】—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I reall y _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C【解析】句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了,我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能,可以,也许；B. can能,会；C. must必须,必然要,必定会；D. dare敢,胆敢.结合句意,故选C.【变式探究】________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析.Can能够,可能；must必须,一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的.根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许.如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确.高频考点二、考查情态动词的用法例2. （2018·天津卷） I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测.句意：我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定.根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”.故选D.【变式探究】（2017•天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A. daren’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫.A.不敢；B.不应该；C不需要；D.不许.根据句意,故选C.【变式探究】Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你.根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式.【变式探究】I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. couldn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心,因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好.needn’t have done本没有必要做某事,表示实际上已经做了某事.根据句意可知选C.高频考点三、考查虚拟语气例3．(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.A．accomplished B．had accomplishedC．would accomplish D．would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：工人们没有被组织好,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的.此处otherwise表达了一种含蓄虚拟；otherwise前的内容所述的是过去的事实,相当于if引导的条件状语从句“If the workers had been better organized”,因此后半部分应用“主语＋would have done sth.”的结构.故选D.【举一反三】【2018·江苏】It’s strange that he _______have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书.在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略.故选B.【变式探究】（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了.根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故A项是正确的.【变式探究】________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降.这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式.根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示过去的虚拟语气,所以用had.【变式探究】Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t w riteD. wouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验,海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历,可知表示对于过去的否定猜测,故主句用would have done,因此选D 项.1．(2019·天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.A．accomplished B．had accomplishedC．would accomplish D．would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：工人们没有被组织好,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的.此处otherwise表达了一种含蓄虚拟；otherwise前的内容所述的是过去的事实,相当于if引导的条件状语从句“If the workers had been better organized”,因此后半部分应用“主语＋would have done sth.”的结构.故选D.2．(2019·江苏卷)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.A．had B．will haveC．would have had D．had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：多么遗憾！你错过了这次游览.否则,我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时光.根据关键词or可知,这里表示与过去的事实相反,谓语动词应用would/could/should/might＋have done.1.【2018·江苏】 There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与.本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时.故选A.2.【2018·江苏】It’s strange that he _______have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书.在句型”It isimport ant/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略.故选B.3.（2018·天津卷） I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测.句意：我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定.根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”.故选D.4.（2018·北京卷）In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词.句意：在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题.数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can.C选项正确.其余情态动词均没有该用法.need需要；should应该,竟然；must必须,肯定.5.（2018·北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气.句意：如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆.由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟.if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故D选项正确.1．（2017·北京）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. need【答案】C【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要.句意:Samuel,我班最高的男生,能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书,此处需要一个表示能力的词,故用can,答案为C.2．（2017•天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. daren’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫.A.不敢；B.不应该；C不需要；D.不许.根据句意,故选C.3．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.句意：要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的.4．(2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.5．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcomeher difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装.虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B.句意：要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的.6．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了.根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故A项是正确的.1．(2016·浙江,15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降.这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式.根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示过去的虚拟语气,所以用had.2．(2016·浙江,17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.【答案】have gone【解析】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了.他的咖啡仍然是温的.can't have done是对过去的否定推测.3．(2016·北京,34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你.根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式.。

情态动词英语语法知识精讲

情态动词英语语法知识精讲情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。

小编在这里整理了相关资料，希望能帮助到您。

情态动词概述特征1)情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语动词，一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。

2)情态动词所表示的情态有：命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等。

3)情态动词(ought除外)和助动词shall，will，should，would 一样，后面的动词不定式一般皆不带。

形式变化1)没有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数的现在时也无变化。

如：I can We canYou can You canHeThey canShe canIt2)有些情态动词有过去式，有少数过去式和它的原形相同。

a)有过去式的情态动词有：may -- wouldcan ―― couldmay―― nightshall -- shouldhave to -- had tob)过去式不变的情态动词有：must - must (或had to)ought to - ought toneed---needdare - dare(亦可用dared)3)大多数情态动词后面可用动词的进行式、完成式和被动形式，如：can(may，must)be doing，can(may，must) have done，can(may，must)be done等。

否定式情态动词和助动词一样，后面可直接跟否定词not。

现将情态动词的否定式及其否定式的简略式(简略式用于口语中)列举如下：shall not--shan't [FB:nt]will not---won't [wEunt]can not-can't [kB:nt]must not-mustn't [5mQsnt]should not-- shouldn'twould not-- wouldn'tcould not-- couldn'tdare not- daren't [dZEnt]need not-- needn't在疑问句中的用法情态动词在疑问句中的用法和助动词相同。

高中英语情态动词讲解

4) cannot （help\choose）but +动词原形 “不得不，只能” I cannot help but tell her the truth. cannot help it “控制不住，没有办法 ” cannot … too…… “无论怎样也不为过” I cannot thank you too much cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事 5）couldn„t +动词原形+比较级（再……不过了） It couldn't be better. I couldn't agree with you more.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
7. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I__ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me . A. should have taken B. could have taken C. needn't have taken D. mustn't have taken 8. He paid for a seat, when he__ have entered free. A. could B. would C. must D. need
3. ---- What does the sign over there read? ---- "No person ______smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．" A．will B．may C．shall D. must 4. John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour？ A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 5. You can‟t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ____ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would

高中英语语法：情态动词的详解大总结

高中英语语法：情态动词的详解大总结一、can和could1、can的用法（1）表示体力和脑力方面的能力。

（2）表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测，主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

（3）表示可能性，理论上的可能性，意为“有时候可能会”，可用于肯定句。

（4）表示允许，意思与may接近。

（5）表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等，主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

（6）can的特殊句型cannot…too / enough表示“无论怎么...也不过分”“越...越好”cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不，只好”2、could的用法（1）表示能力，指的是过去时间。

（2）表示允许，指的是过去时间。

（3）表示可能，可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，表示语气缓和。

（4）委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。

主要用于疑问句，回答时用can。

3、can与could的区别can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句（could无此限制）。

couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。

4、can与be able to的区别（1）现在时：无区别，但后者不常用。

（2）完成时;can没有完成时，此时要用have （has,had）been able to。

（3）将来时：can没有将来时，要用will be able to。

（4）过去时：could表示一般能力，was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。

二、may 和might1、may的用法（1）表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。

（2）表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在，通常用在肯定句和否定句中。

注意：表示可能性时，can’t语气强，表示“不可能”，may not语气弱，表示“可能不”。

2、might的用法（1）表示询问或允许，指的是过去时间。

（2）表示可能发生的事，可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，语气更加不肯定，可能性比may小一些。

高中英语情态动词专题精讲

情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

特点：1）无人称和数的变化2）和不带to的不定式连用3）置句首构成疑问，后加not构成否定1、can和could (could为can的过去式) 的基本用法(1) 表示能力，如：He can speak English better than you.(2) 表示“许可”时，可和may换用，如：You can (may) go home now.(3) 表示“怀疑”、“猜测”或“可能性”，用在疑问句和否定句中，如：Can this green bike be Liu Dong's? He can’t be a bad man. He couldn’t be a bad man.(4) 表示客观上（理论上）存在的可能性，用于肯定句中，意为“有时候会”。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.(5) 表示婉转语气，可用could代替can，如：--- Could I have the television on? --- Yes, you can. / No, you can\'t.2、may和might (might为may的过去式)的基本用法(1) 表示允许或征询对方许可，有“可以”之意，如：You may use my dictionary.May I （Might I）have a look at your new computer?---- May I use this dictionary? ---- Yes, please/ Certainly. 或----No, I’m afraid not.表示“阻止”或“禁止”对方做某事时，要用must not代替may not，如：---- May we swim in this lake? ---- No, you mustn’t. It’s too dangerous.(2)may或might都可以表示可能性，表示“或许”、“可能”之意。

高中英语语法之情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词一、概念情态动词是表示能力,义务,必须,猜测等说话人的语气或情态的动词。

二、相关知识点精讲1．can1)表能力can 表能力时意味着凭体力或脑力或技术等可以无甚阻力地去做某事。

I can climb this pole.我能爬这根杆子。

He is only four , but he can read.他只有4岁，但已认得字了。

Fir e can’t destroy gold.火烧不毁金子。

因为 can 不能和其他助动词连用，所以表示将来式时用will be able to。

You will be able to skate after you have practiced it two or three times.你练习两三次后就会溜冰了。

2)表可能性多用于否定与疑问结构中，但也可用在肯定句中。

Can the news be true?这消息可能是真的吗？It can’t be true.它不可能是真的。

What can he possibly mean?他可能是什么意思？can 用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性（一时的可能）。

Attending the ball can be very exciting.The road can be blocked.这条路可能会不通的。

may 在肯定句中表示现实的可能性。

The road may be blocked.这条路可能不通了。

3)表示允许（和 may 意思相近）常见于口语。

Can (May) I come in ?我能进来吗？Can I smoke here ?我可以在这里抽烟吗？2.could 的用法1)表过去的可能和许可，（多用于间接引语中）At that time we thought the story could not be true.那时我们认为所说的事不可能是真的。

Father said I could swim in the river.爸爸说我可以在河里游泳。

高考英语情态动词讲解及习题(附答案)

情态动词常见的情态动词有：can 能may 可以will，would （表意愿）need 需要dare 敢must 必须have to 不得不shall，should 应该（表义务）ought to 应该1.can，could 的用法1.1表能力，有“能”、“会”、“能够”的意思例如：Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗？-----Yes, I can. 我会。

-----No, I can't. 我不会。

1.2表允许，在口语中代替may，有“可以”的意思例如：Can I use your bike?我可以用你的自行车吗？1.3表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句例如：Can it be true?那会是真的吗？Today is Sunday. He can't be at school.今天是星期天。

他不可能在学校里。

1.4过去式could表示的语气更加委婉、客气例如：Could I come to see you tomorrow?明天我可以来见你吗？1.5 can 和be able to 的比较1) can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态(could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式例如：I haven't been able to get in touch with her.我一直没能和她联系上。

2) 通常can 和be able to 可以互换例如：He will come if he can.如果可能的话，他一定会来。

2.may，might的用法2.1表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。

例如：You may go now.你可以走了。

May I use your computer?我用一下你的电脑可以吗？2.2回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法：例如：May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？-----Yes, you may.-----Yes, please.------No, you can't.------No, you mustn't.------No, you'd better not.2.3表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句例如：You may be right.你可能是对的。

高中英语2025届高考语法复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识讲解

高考英语语法复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识讲解一、情态动词（1）表示能力时，can只用于一般现在时，could仅用于一般过去时；而be able to则有更多的时态，如将来时、完成时等。

I haven’t been able to read that report yet.He will be able to skate as well as you.（2）Was/were able to表示能力时，侧重经过努力而成功做到某事；而could仅表示具备能力，不说明是否实施了能力。

He studied hard and was able to pass the exam.（3）用在其他动词，如might,may,would,want,hope等之后表示能力只能用be able to。

He might be able to fix your car.（1）must还可以表示质问或感情色彩，意为“偏要，偏偏”。

Why must it snow on Saturday?（2）should还可以表示惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，尤其用在以why,who,how等开头的疑问句中或某些感叹句中。

why should you be so late today?（1）must作“必须”讲的一般疑问句，其肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。

-Must I pay now?-Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.（2）need还可以作实义动词，有人称和数的变化，后跟带to的不定式作宾语。

She needed to go out for a walk.（1）两者在表示过去的习惯动作或行为时常可通用。

When we were children, we would/used to go skating every winter.（2）Used to与would都不能与表示具体频率、次数的词及特定的时间状语或具体的一段时间连用。

【英语】高中英语情态动词技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析

【英语】高中英语情态动词技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析一、单项选择情态动词1．It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.A．could B．wouldC．should D．might【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：对我来说，很不正常，如此近的邻居居然不认识。

A. could可能，能够；B. would将；C. should竟然；D. might可能，也许。

should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为"竟会"、"居然"，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。

表示意外，所以答案选C。

【点睛】should的用法1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如：You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once.2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。

例如：If you should fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. （= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. ）3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可……”、“倒……”。

例如：I should say that it would be better to try it again.4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。

高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句

一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、have to (had to )、ought to 、shall(should)、will(would) 12个半情态助动词：dare、need、used to、had better、would better(5个)三、情态助动词1.can and could1)ability：be able to do /manage to do/succeed in doing sth.eg.The army can defeat their enemy.eg.The army is able to defeat their enemy.eg.The army succeed in defeating their enemy.2)permission:eg.Can I smoke here?eg.You can’t smoke here.3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中-eg.This can’t be done by him.当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生eg.even expert drives can make mistakes.要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may /might或could.eg.I may leave for Beijing next month.但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能性只用can/couldEg.where can the noise be coming from?eg.It can hardly be the postman,he comes only in the morning.4)有时会：the road can be blocked.5)could 表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now.His story could be true,but I hardly think it is.6)could 表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句Could you lend me some money?Yes,I can /No,I am afraid not.7)could 的常用结构：could+动词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了”It couldn’t be better.Couldn’t +过去分词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了”They couldn’t have tried harder to make me eel welcome.Can’t..too..=can never too“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好”I can’t thank you too much.I owe my progress to you.Can’t (help/choose) but do/can but +动词原形“不得不，只好”We can but agree with him.Can’t help doing 忍不住，不得不I can’t help laughingCan’t be (it) 控制不住，没有办法It can’t be helpedCan’t....without 没有...就不能One can’t succeed without perseverance.2.may and might1)permission:May I use your pen?Yes,you may./No,you may not.2)Possibility:用于推测，表示不确定,不用于疑问句中She may know Tom’s address.出现I’m afraid.I’m not sure等表示不确定时，常用may/might.I’m afraid he might not come to attend the meeting today.从语气上判断，may表示的可能性比might 大，might更多的表示怀疑He may be very busy now.He might be very busy now.3)用于让步状语从句中However hard you may study,you cannot master English in a month.4)用于祈使句，表示祝愿May you succeed!5)might 常用于表示轻微的责备和委婉的请求You might post the letter for me if you are going near a post box.You might have let me know before!6)习惯用法：may as well do”理所当然，有足够的理由”She may be proud of her sonMay /might (just) as well do=had better do(最好)You might as well stay at home tonight.May/might as well+do A+as+do+B”与其做B不如做A”You might as well throw the money away as lend it to him.One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly3.must and have to1)表示义务，一定要，必须You must arrive in good time.The meeting is very important.2)表示肯定性或难以避免，必然会，肯定会All men must die.3)must 表示有把握的推测，一定是，准时Must do/must be doing/must have doneThe tall fellow must be a basketball player.Let’s have something.You must be starving.He must have received mu letter which has mailed last week.4)must 表示非要，偏要，常以第二人称为主语，意指不耐或令人不愉快的事情，用于其他人称，表示主语固执，意为偏偏Why must you buy that car?Jane was never a pleasant young girl.After you gave her your advice,she must goand do the opposite.5）must 的三种否定形式表示不可能must be --can’t be must have done--can’t have doneYou must have met him before.You can’t have met him before.表示不必must do--need not to/don’t have toWe must get up at six tomorrow morning.We don’t have to get up at six tomorrow morning.表示决不能，严禁must--mustn’tYou mustn’t park your car here.6)回答以must提问的句子Must we clean all the rooms?Yes ,you must/No ,you don’t have to/No ,you needn’t7)must 可做名词，表示必须有的东西，必须做的事Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.8)must和have to 表示必须时，有一下差别Must 表示的是说话人主观的看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要The play is not interesting ,I really must go now.I have to work when I was your age.Must 一般只表现在，have to 则有更多的时态。

(最新整理)高中英语情态动词详解(强推)

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1. It has been announced that candidates(候选人) ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. hall 用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、警告、
威胁、命令、决心等。
You shall have a nice present for your birthday. (允诺) You shall be sorry for what you have done. (警告)
When he comes in nobody shall say a word. (命令) Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan. (决心)
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注意：
may I …? 的答语. 肯定: Yes, you may . 否定: No, you mustn’t (语气强硬)
No, you may not. 或 No, you’d better not.
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2.表“许可”
You may take the boy there He said that I might use his telephone.
A.will B. would C. should D. must
What time ought I _______?
A．arrived
B．arriving
C．arrive
D．to arrive
He _______ speak to his mother like that. A．ought not to B．doesn’t ought to C．not ought to D．ought to not

高中英语情态动词详解

高中英语情态动词详解高中英语情态动词详解一般说来，"进行式"表示动作正在发生或进行;"完成式"则表示动作是发生在过去或是表示按理是发生了但事实上却没有发生。

下面我们分别讨论一下各种具体情况。

A. 关于情态动词后面接进行式的情况can后面接进行式表示可能正在发生的动作，例如：What can she be doing at this moment ? 这个时候她会在做什么呢?You can't be telling us the truth.你不可能在对我将真话。

Can he be still thinking of it I told him ?他会不会还在考虑我告诉他的那件事呢?may后面接进行式表示可能正在发生的动作，例如：Your mother may be waiting for you to return home .你妈妈可能正等着你回家吧。

She may be leaving for New York tomorrow or some day .她或许明天或者什么时候会动身去纽约。

They may be returning back before Christmas .他可能圣诞节前回来。

might后面接进行式表示可能正在发生的动作，例如：They might be planning to make a loan for their new project .他们也许在为他们的新项目策划贷款的事。

She might still be crying for being wronged .她或许因为受了冤枉还在啼哭。

You might be telling me a lie .你也许在对我撒谎。

must后面接进行式表示想必正在做某事，例如：You must be thinking where I learned it .你一定在想我是从哪儿知道这件事的。