中考圆的常见题型

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中考圆的常见题型

1、如图,EB 为半圆O 的直径,点A 在EB 的延长线上,AD 切半圆O 于点D ,BC ⊥AD 于点C ,AB =2,半圆O 的半径为2,则BC 的长为( B ) A .2 B .1 C .1.5 D .0.5

2、如图(2),在R t ABC △中,9068C AC BC O ∠===°,,,⊙为A B C △的内切圆,点D 是斜边A B 的中点,则tan O D A ∠=( D ) A

.2

B

3

C

D .2

3、如图,两同心圆的圆心为O ,大圆的弦AB 切小圆于P ,两圆的半径分别为6,3,则图中阴影部分的面积是(C )

A

.π

B

.π

C

.3π

D

.2π

4、如图,点A B C ,,在O 上,50A ∠=°

, 则B O C ∠的度数为( ) A .130° B .50°

C .65°

D .100°

5、一根水平放置的圆柱形输水管道横截面如图所示,其中有水部分水面宽0.8米,最深处水深0.2米,则此输水管道的直径是( ) A .0.4米

B .0.5米

C .0.8米

D .1米

6、如图,AB 是⊙O 的直径,BD 是⊙O 的弦,延长BD 到点C ,使DC =BD ,连接AC ,过点D 作DE ⊥AC ,垂足为E . (1)求证:AB =AC ;

(2)若⊙O 的半径为4,∠BAC =60º,求DE 的长. (1)证明:连接AD ∵AB 是⊙O 的直径 ∴∠ADB=90°

又∵BD=CD ∴AB=AC 。 (2)解:∵∠BAC=60°,由(1)知AB=AC ∴△ABC 是等边三角形

A

图(2)

(第4题图)

A B

O

C

在Rt △BAD 中,∠BAD=30°,AB=8 ∴BD=4,即DC=4 又∵DE ⊥AC ,

∴DE=DC×sinC=4×sin60°

=42

=

7、如图,P A 为O ⊙的切线,A 为切点.直线P O 与O ⊙交于B C 、两点,30P ∠=°,连接A O A B A C 、、.求证:AC B APO △≌△.

证明:P A 为O 的切线,90PAO ∴∠=°. ················································································ 1分 又30P ∠= °,60AO P ∴∠=°, ········································································································· 2分

1

302

C A O P ∴∠=

∠=°,··························································································································· 3分

C P ∴∠=∠, ·················································································································································· 4分

A C A P ∴=. ··················································································································································· 5分 又

B

C 为O 直径,90C AB PAO ∴∠=∠=°,··············································································· 6分 AC B APO ∴△≌△(ASA ). ·················································································································· 7分

(注:其它方法按步骤得分.)

8、如图,AB 是半圆O 的直径,C 为半圆上一点,N 是线段 BC 上一点(不与B ﹑C 重合),过N 作AB 的垂线交AB 于M , 交AC 的延长线于E ,过C 点作半圆O 的切线交EM 于F. ⑴求证:△ACO ∽△NCF ; ⑵若NC ∶CF =3∶2,求sinB 的值.

(1)证明:∵AB 为⊙O 直径 ∴∠ACB=90° ∴EM ⊥AB

∴∠A=∠CNF=∠MNB=90°-∠B ……………………………………(1分) 又∴CF 为⊙O 切线 ∴∠OCF=90° ∴∠ACO=∠NCF=90°-∠OCB ………………………………………(2分) ∴△ACO ∽△NCF ……………………………………………………(4分)

(2)由△ACO ∽△NCF 得:23=

=CF CN CO AC …………………………………(5分)

在Rt △ABC 中,sinB=4

322==

=

CO

AC AO

AC

AB

AC ………………………(7分)

A

(第7题图) O

B

P

C

E

N

O C

B

A

F (第8题图)

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