RUZ中文资料
《RIZ及应用》幻灯片
三、TRIZ的主要工具
2、技术进化趋势和定律
模式10：减少人的介入(举例)
(From CREAX Innovation Suite 3.1)
三、TRIZ的主要工具
2、技术进化趋势和定律 ▲ 进化路线 ＊进化路线指出了产品进化的状态序列，其实质是产品如 何从一种
序号 No.14 No.15 No.16 No.17 No.18 No.19 No.20
… No.38 No.39
名称 强度 运动物体作用时间 静止物体作用时间 温度 光照强度 运动物体的能量 静止物体的能量
… 自动化程度 生产率
三、TRIZ的主要工具
5、解决技术冲突的40个创造原理
＊TRIZ的创造原理专用于消除冲突。 ＊创造原理描述了一个能用于解决这一冲突的解决方案。 ＊在TRIZ理论中，对于解决技术冲突共有40个创造的原理。
《RIZ及应用》幻灯片
本课件PPT仅供大家学习使用 学习完请自行删除，谢谢！ 本课件PPT仅供大家学习使用 学习完请自行删除，谢谢！
主要内容
一、TRIZ的起源 二、TRIZ的开展现状 三、TRIZ的主要工具 四、TRIZ解决问题模型 五、TRIZ的工具应用 六、如何将TRIZ带入组织
一、TRIZ的起源
将大工程项目 分解为子项目
将空调中产生噪声 的压缩机放于室外
材料表面的热处理、 涂层等
对不同的顾客群 采用不同的营销策略
2
使物体分成容易 组装及拆卸的部分
2
将物体中关键部分 挑选或分离出来
集装箱运输 增加物体相互 3 独立部分的程度
CrustCrawler Inc. DYNAMIXEL MX-106R 说明书
DYNAMIXEL MX-106R**Cautions- MX-106R supports RS-485 communication.- Recommended voltage of MX-106 is different with that of former EX-106+(Operating Voltage : 10~14.8V (Recommended Voltage 12V)** DESCRIPTION•DYNAMIXEL is a robot exclusive smart actuator with fully integrated DC Motor + Reduction Gearhead + Controller + Driver + Network in one DC servo module.•MX series is a new concept of DYNAMIXEL with advanced functions like precise control, PID control, 360 degree of position control and high speed communication.** CHARACTERISTIC•Advanced durability, degree of precision, and wider control zone were achieved thanks to newly applied CONTACTLESS ABSOLUTE ENCODER•360¡Æ POSITION CONTROL without dead zone•4,096 PRECISE RESOLUTION by 0.088¡Æ•SPEED CONTROL at ENDLESS TURN MODE•Reliability and accuracy were advanced in the position control through PID CONTROL •High baud rate up to 3Mbps•RS-485 LEVEL COMMUNICATION•Torque control via current sensing•Supports dual mode for master/slave method•Uses aluminum case**The assembly structure of the MX-106 and EX-106 are the same but there some modifications to the case.**** INCLUDESDescription Qty DYNAMIXEL MX-106R 1 HORN HN05-N101 (MX Exclusive) 1 WASHER Thrust Washer 1 CABLE 4P Cable 200mm 1Wrench Bolt M2.5*4 16pcs BOLT/NUTWrench Bolt M3*8 1pcsNut M2.5 18pcs** H/W SPECSProduct Name MX-106RWeight 153gDimension 40.2mm x 65.1mm x 46mmGear Ratio 225 : 1Operation Voltage (V) 10 12 14.8 Stall Torque (N.m)8.08.410.0 Stall Current (A) 4.8 5.2 6.3 No Load Speed (RPM)414555 Motor Maxon MotorMinimum ControlAngleAbout 0.088¡Æ x 4,096Operating Range Actuator Mode : 360¡Æ Wheel Mode : Endless turnOperating Voltage10~14.8V (Recommended voltage : 12V) Operating Temperature -5¡ÆC ~ 80¡ÆCCommand Signal Digital PacketProtocol RS485 Asynchronous Serial Communication (8bit,1stop, No Parity)Link (physical)RS485 Multi Drop Bus (daisy chain type connector)ID 254 ID (0~253) Baud Rate 8000bps ~ 3MbpsFeedback Functions Position, Temperature, Load, Input Voltage, Current, etc.Material Case : Engineering Plastic Gear : Full MetalPosition Sensor Contactless absolute encoderDefault ID #1 – 57600bps** After purchase, please change ID and baud rate according to your use.** COMPATIBLE PRODUCTS- Controller : CM-2+, CM-700- Interface(I/F) : USB2Dynamixel (RS-485)- NOTICE : Not compatible with the EX-106 horn. (HN05-N101 Set / T101 Set)** CONTROLLING ENVIRONMENT- Software for Dynamixel control : ROBOPLUS - Download- C/C++, C#, Labview, MATLAB, Visual Basic et. : Library – Download**Click here to download 2D and 3D drawings**Click here to go to e-Manual.。
背英文字典地宝典-(全部以r字母开头地单词-共15页)
rabbit n. 兔;兔的毛皮rabble n. 下等人;一大堆\nv. 聚众袭击rabid adj. 狂暴的;狂热的race n. 比赛;族\nv. 疾走;猛转racecourse n. 跑道;水道;跑马场racial adj. 人种的;族的racialism n. 种族歧视;种族主义rack n. 架子;爆裂\nv. 变形;调定racket n. 喧嚷;球拍\nv. 喧嚷;用球拍打racketeer n. 敲诈勒索者\nv. 敲诈勒索racy adj. 辛辣的radar n. 雷达;雷达技术radiant adj. 放热的;闪光的radiate adj. 有辐射的\nv. 发射;流露radiation n. 发光;发散radiator n. 辐射体;散热器radical adj. 根本的;根治的\nn. 根部;根式radio n. 收音机;无线电\nv. 用无线电发送radiograph n. 射线照相\nv. 向...发无线电报radish n. 萝卜;小萝卜radius n. 半径;周围raffle n. 对奖售物;垃圾\nv. 参加对奖售物活动raft n. 卵筏;木排\nv. 乘筏子渡;乘筏rafter n. 乘筏人;椽rag n. 破布;破布料\nv. 打扮;责骂rage n. 狂暴;狂怒\nv. 发怒;狂吹raid n. 侵吞;袭击\nv. 侵吞;袭击raider n. 袭击机;袭击者rail n. 横档;横条\nv. 威胁;嘲弄raillery n. 戏谑行为railroad n. 隔号余柱;铁道\nv. 速决通过;筑铁路railway n. 轨道;铁轨raiment n. 服装rain n. 一阵;雨\nv. 下;诉苦rainbow n. 彩虹;幻想raincoat n. 雨衣raindrop n. 雨点rainfall n. 降雨;雨量raingauge n. 雨量计rainproof adj. 防雨的rainy adj. 含雨的;下雨的raise n. 高岗;提高\nv. 举起;竖起raisin n. 葡萄干;葡萄干色rake n. 耙;倾伏\nv. 耙;搔rally n. 群众集会;重新集合\nv. 召集;集合ram n. 白羊座;公羊\nv. 冲;夯ramble n. 随笔;闲逛\nv. 漫谈;闲逛rambler n. 平房;闲逛者ramify v. 分枝;分支ramp n. 坡道;斜面\nv. 使成斜面;大发雷霆rampage n. 横冲直撞\nv. 横冲直撞rampant adj. 狂暴的;蔓生的ramshackle adj. 腐败的ranch n. 大牧场;饲养场\nv. 在牧场工作rancour n. 深仇random adj. 胡乱的\nn. 任意行动range n. 级别;排;山脉\nv. 排列;变动rank adj. 极度肥沃的\nn. 排;行列\nv. 把...分等;级别高于ransack v. 彻底搜索;洗劫ransom n. 赎;赎价\nv. 赎;赎救rant n. 大话;狂欢;咆哮\nv. 大声责骂;痛饮rap n. 苛责;罪责;轻敲声\nv. 拿走;抢;轻敲rapacious adj. 掠夺的;贪婪的rape n. 劫掠;强奸\nv. ;强奸rapid adj. 陡的;快的\nn. 急流rapidity n. 陡;迅速rapture n. 狂喜;掳人rare adj. 稀薄的;稀有的\nadv. 很\nv. 渴望rarely adv. 不常rarity n. 稀薄;稀有rascal adj. 平民的;微贱的\nn. 流氓;淘气鬼rash adj. 鲁莽的\nadv. 鲁莽地\nn. 疹rasp n. 刺耳声;磋磨\nv. 刺激;刺激;挫rat n. 耗子;鼠\nv. 偷;捕鼠ratchet n. 棘轮;棘爪rate n. 比率;费率\nv. 呵责;骂走rather adv. 宁可;有几分ratify v. 正式批准ratio n. 比率;金银比价ration n. 给养;配给量\nv. 配给供应rational adj. 理性的\nn. 根据ravage n. 大破坏\nv. 使荒芜;毁灭rave n. 胡言乱语;围杆\nv. 呼啸;说胡话raveln. 绽线部位\nv. 解开;纠结raven adj. 乌油油的\nn. 渡鸦;乌鸦座\nv. 攫取;贪求ravine n. 沟壑ravish v. 强夺;强奸;陶醉raw adj. 生的\nn. 擦伤处ray n. 光线;鳐\nv. 放射;照射rayon n. 人造丝raze v. 擦破;擦去;夷为平地razor n. 劣酒;剃刀re prep. 关于;兹就...reach n. 地带;伸出\nv. 到达;伸出react v. 使起反应;影响reaction n. 反应;看法reactor n. 阳性反应者readable adj. 易辨认的;易读的readdress v. 再对...讲话;转寄reader n. 读者;教科书readily adv. 乐意地;迅速地readiness n. 不费力;迅速readjust v. 重新调节;重新调整readout n. 读出;数据读出ready adj. 快要...的\nv. 使准备好;准备好real adj. 逼真的;真的realism n. 现实;真实性realistic adj. 逼真的;现实的reality n. 实在;现实realize v. 实现;领悟really adv. 很;说真的realm n. 界;王国realty n. 忠诚reamn. 大量;令\nv. 铰除;扩reanimate v. 使复活reap v. 获得;收割reaper n. 收割机;收割者rear adj. 后部的;后方的\nn. 后部;后方\nv. 抚养;竖起reason n. 理由;理智\nv. 劝喻;讨论reasonable adj. 公平的;正当的reasonably adv. 通情达理地reassure v. 给...再保险;向...再保证rebate n. 部分退款;折扣\nv. 减弱;弄钝rebeladj. 反叛的\nn. 反叛分子;反英分子\nv. 反对;反叛rebellion n. 反抗;反叛rebellious a dj. 反叛的;难治的rebuff n. 断然拒绝;制止\nv. 断然拒绝;制止rebuild n. 重建\nv. 重建;重新组织rebuke n. 鞭策;指责\nv. 指责;制止rebut v. 反驳;击退recall n. 返回通知;回想\nv. 记得;叫回recant v. 撤回;撤回声明recapture n. 夺回;再俘虏\nv. 夺回;使回现recast v. 重算;重新浇铸recede v. 退;归还receipt n. 发票;收到receive v. 得到;收到received adj. 被普遍接受的receiver n. 收受者;听筒recent adj. 全新世的;最近的receptacle n. 插座;花托;容器reception n. 接待;接受receptive adj. 能容纳的;愿接受的recess n. 凹处;假期\nv. 使凹进;暂停recession n. 凹处;后退;萧条期recipe n. 处方;诀窍;菜谱recipient n. 间接宾语;接受者reciprocaladj. 互惠的;相互的\nn. 倒数recital n. 背诵;详述recitation n. 背诵;详述recite v. 背诵;历数reckless adj. 不顾虑的reckon v. 估计;计算reclaim v. 开垦;喊叫recline v. 斜倚;依靠recognize v. 承认;明白recoil n. 弹回;后退\nv. 报应;弹回recollect v. 回忆;使记起recommend v. 劝告;推荐recompense n. 报酬;赔偿\nv. 报酬;赔偿reconcile v. 调和;调停recondite adj. 玄妙的record n. 记录;履历\nv. 登记;记录recorder n. 记录者;记录装置recount n. 重计数;描述\nv. 重新计数;列举recoup v. 补偿;偿还;报销recourse n. 依靠;追索权recover v. 恢复;追回recovery n. 恢复;收回recreate v. 消遣;再创作recreationn. 课间休息;消遣recrudesce v. 复发recruit n. 新兵;新手\nv. 雇用;招募rectangle n. 长方形;长方形物rectify v. 调正;精馏rectitude n. 正确;直rector n. 教区长;校长recumbent adj. 横卧的;躺着的recuperate v. 挽回;复原recur v. 再发生;再现recurrence n. 回忆;再发生recurrent adj. 返的recycle v. 改建;再循环red adj. 红的;通红的\nn. 红;红球redden v. 使变红;变红redeem v. 偿还;赎回redemption n. 偿还;赎回redouble n. 倍增;再加倍\nv. 翻两番;回响redound v. 带来;报偿redress n. 补偿;纠正\nv. 补偿;纠正reduce v. 减轻;减少reduction n. 减少;缩小redundancy n. 裁员;多余redundantadj. 过多的;累赘的reef n. 礁;矿脉\nv. 把...收拢;缩reek n. 臭气散发;蒸发\nv. 熏;沾上reel n. 卷轴;筒管\nv. 放出;卷;摇晃reentry n. 收回;重新参加reexport n. 再输出ref n. 参考refectory n. 食堂refer v. 参考;提到referee n. 裁判;证明人\nv. 审阅;担任裁判reference n. 参照;引文出处\nv. 提出...作参考referendum n. 公民表决;请示书refine v. 净化;提炼refinement n. 精妙;提炼refinery n. 提炼厂reflect v. 反射;反映reflection n. 反射;映像reflex adj. 反射的\nn. 本能反应;反射\nv. 使折回reflexive adj. 反射的;反身的\nn. 反身代词reform n. 改造;革除\nv. 改革;改造refract v. 使折射;发生折射refractory a dj. 耐火的;难治的\nn. 倔强的人;耐熔物质refrain n. 叠歌;叠句\nv. 克制;忍住refresh v. 补充给养;吃点心refuel v. 给...加油;加油refuge n. 躲避;收容所refugee n. 避难人refund n. 退还;退款\nv. 退还refusal n. 拒绝;止点refuse n. 废料\nv. 拒不;拒绝refute v. 辩驳;驳斥regain v. 返回;取回regaladj. 国王的;庄严的regard n. 关系;敬爱\nv. 敬爱;看待regardful adj. 尊重的regardless adv. 不顾后果地regime n. 管理制度;统治时期regimen n. 情势regiment n. 大批;团\nv. 把...编成团;使系统化region n. 地区;各地区regional adj. 地区的;区的register n. 登记;登记簿\nv. 登记;指示registrar n. 登记员;教务主任registry n. 船籍;登记薄;登记处regress n. 后退;退回\nv. 后退;回归regret n. 懊悔;道歉\nv. 痛惜;因...懊悔regular adj. 定时的;恒常的\nn. 常客;正规兵regularity n. 端正;规则性regularizev. 使有规则regulate v. 调整;管理regulation n. 调整;管理;规则rehearsal n. 复述;排练rehearse v. 排练;叙述reign n. 统治;主宰\nv. 盛行;为王reimbursev. 偿还;赔偿rein n. 控制;缰绳;放任\nv. 驾驭;控制reinforce v. 补充;加固reinstate v. 使恢复原职reiterate v. 反复做reject n. 被拒货品;阻放装置\nv. 拒绝;拒纳rejoice v. 因...而喜悦;感到高兴rejoin v. 重返;回答relapse n. 复发;重陷\nv. 重了病;重新陷入relate v. 讲;适应relation n. 关系;亲属关系relative adj. 比较的;相对的\nn. 关系代词;亲戚relativity n. 相对性;相关的relaxv. 放宽relaxationn. 放宽;松弛relayn. 新补给\nv. 转述;再涂release n. 发泄;放\nv. 发泄;放出relegate v. 把...降级;交付relevant adj. 相关联的;有关的reliable adj. 可靠的reliance n. 信赖reliant adj. 信赖的;有信心的relief n. 缓解;救济relieve v. 发泄;缓解religion n. 宗教;宗教教育religious adj. 宗教的relinquishv. 放弃;交出relish n. 调味品;滋味\nv. 味道可口reluctant adj. 不情愿的;阻挠的rely v. 信赖;依靠remain v. 留下;剩余remainder n. 差数;剩余部分remand n. 还押;遣回\nv. 遣回remark n. 言辞;注意\nv. 说;注意remarkable adj. 非凡的remedial adj. 补救的;补习的remedy n. 补偿;药方\nv. 补救;革除remember v. 记得;牢记remind v. 说...以提醒;提醒reminder n. 催单;提示remiss adj. 玩忽的remission n. 缓和;宽恕remit n. 提交;委托权限\nv. 缓解;汇remorse n. 怜惜;痛悔remote adj. 边远的;远的removable adj. 可免职的;可移动的removal n. 除去;免职remove v. 调动;脱下remunerate v. 酬报;为...付酬rend v. 分裂;揪扯render v. 付给;给予rendezvous n. 集结之地;约会\nv. 约会renew v. 补缀;更换renewal n. 复兴;更生renounce n. 垫牌\nv. 声明放弃;垫牌renovate v. 革新;修复renown n. 传闻;名望\nv. 使出名;吹牛rental adj. 租赁的\nn. 租费;租赁reorganize v. 改组;整顿repair n. 修理;前往\nv. 恢复;去repairableadj. 可修理的reparable adj. 可补偿的;可修复的reparation n. 补偿;修理repartee n. 机敏应答的才能repast n. 餐;就餐\nv. 喂养;进食repatriate n. 被遣返回国者\nv. 回国repay v. 报答;偿还repeal n. 撤销;召回\nv. 撤销;放弃repeat n. 复写;重复\nv. 复述;重复repeatedly adv. 一再repelv. 抵拒;击退repent v. 悔悟;后悔repentance n. 后悔;悔悟repetition n. 背诵;重复repine v. 渴望;苦恼replace v. 代替;更换replay v. 把...重放;重播replenish v. 把...装满;被装满replete adj. 饱食的;充满的repletion n. 饱食;充满replica n. 反复;复制品replicate adj. 复制的;折转的\nn. 复现试验;复制品\nv. 回答;折转reply n. 驳复;回答\nv. 回答;反响report n. 报道;报告\nv. 报道;说reporter n. 报告人;记者repose n. 安详;长眠\nv. 长眠;躺repository adj. 长效的\nn. 仓库;店铺reprehendv. 斥责represent v. 代表;使有代表repress v. 压抑;抑制repression n. 压抑;抑制reprieve n. 缓刑;暂时解救\nv. 暂时解救reprimand n. 训斥\nv. 训斥reprint n. 抽印;翻印\nv. 重印reprisal n. 报复;赔偿reproach n. 斥责;责备\nv. 责备;指责别人reprobate adj. 堕落的\nn. 堕落者\nv. 摈弃;拒绝reproducev. 复制;生殖reproof n. 责备;责备之词\nv. 重新给...打样reprove v. 反驳;责备reptile adj. 微不足道的\nn. 可怜虫;两栖动物republic n. 共和国;团体republican adj. 共和党的;共和国的\nn. 拥护共和政体者;共和党人repudiate v. 否认;拒绝repugnance n. 矛盾;厌恶repugnantadj. 矛盾的;厌恶的repulse n. 击退;拒绝\nv. 挫败;击退repulsion n. 击退;推斥reputable adj. 规范的;声誉好的reputation n. 好名声;名气repute n. 好名声;名气\nv. 把...称为request n. 需要;要求\nv. 要求require v. 想要;需要requisite adj. 需要的\nn. 必需品requital n. 报偿;报偿物requite v. 就...作报答;清偿rescind v. 撤回;除去rescue n. 强行夺回;营救\nv. 营救;逃叫research n. 研究;研究才能\nv. 研究resemble v. 比拟;像resent v. 对...表示忿恨resentful adj. 充满忿恨的reserve n. 藏量;储备\nv. 保留;预订reservoir n. 储藏;水库reside v. 存在;居住residence n. 居住;住处residency n. 官邸resident adj. 居住的;住校的\nn. 居民;住客residue n. 残数;基resign v. 辞;放弃resin n. 树脂;松香\nv. 用树脂处理resist v. 抵抗;抗resistance n. 抵抗;抗性resistant adj. 抵抗的;抗...的\nn. 抵抗者;防染材料resolute adj. 坚决的\nn. 坚定的人resolutionn. 决心;判决resolve n. 决心;正式决定\nv. 解决;决定resonancen. 共振;回声resonant adj. 共振的;回声的\nn. 共鸣音resort n. 常去之地;求助\nv. 前往;求助resound v. 传扬;被传扬resource n. 储备力量;资源respect n. 敬意;尊敬\nv. 关于;敬意respectful a dj. 表示尊敬的respective adj. 各自的;留心的respire v. 呼吸;散发出respite n. 暂缓;暂息\nv. 使暂缓;使暂息respond v. 应答;作答response n. 反应;回答responsive adj. 回答的;易感动的rest n. 长眠;平静\nv. 长眠;休息restart n. 重新开始\nv. 重新开始restaurant n. 餐馆restore v. 恢复;使复原restrain v. 管押;控制restraint n. 控制;抑制restrict v. 限制result n. 获胜;结果\nv. 发生;结果resultant adj. 组合的\nn. 合量;结果resume n. 简历;摘要\nv. 恢复;取回resurrect v. 复活retail adv. 以零售方式\nn. 零售;零售商\nv. 零售;详述retailer n. 零售商;详述者retain v. 保存;保留retaliate v. 报复retard n. 减速\nv. 推迟;减慢retchn. 呕\nv. 呕出;干呕retell v. 再讲;重数retention n. 保留;记忆retentive adj. 保留的;强记的reticent adj. 有节制的retire v. 收口;后退retirement n. 退休;引退retort n. 反驳;反击\nv. 驳回;反驳retouch n. 补染;润饰\nv. 补染;润饰retrace v. 回忆;追溯retract v. 撤回;缩回retreat n. 后退;退却\nv. 退避;退却retrench v. 删除;削减retrial n. 再审;再试验retrieve n. 救出险球\nv. 检索;使恢复retrograde adj. 倒转的;衰退的\nadv. 向后\nv. 衰退;重述retrogress v. 后移;衰退retrospect n. 回顾;先例援引\nv. 回顾return n. 回;送回\nv. 回报;回returnable adj. 可返回的;可归还的reunion n. 团聚;再联合revalue v. 对...再估价reveal v. 揭示;启示reveln. 作乐\nv. 陶醉;作乐revelationn. 揭示;启示revelry n. 寻欢作乐revenge n. 复仇;复仇心\nv. 报...之仇;报仇revengeful adj. 复仇的revenue n. 收入;岁入revere v. 尊崇reverence n. 受尊敬;尊敬\nv. 尊敬reverend adj. 教士的;可尊敬的\nn. 大人;教士reverent adj. 恭敬的reverie n. 沉思;幻想reversal n. 撤销;反向reverse n. 反面;逆转\nv. 反向;逆叫reversible a dj. 可反向的;可逆的\nn. 双面织物revert v. 回复;重提review n. 复习;回顾\nv. 复习;细察revile v. 辱骂revise v. 修订;修改revision n. 复习;修订revival n. 复兴;苏醒revive v. 复兴;苏醒revoke n. 藏牌\nv. 撤回;藏牌revolt n. 反抗;反叛\nv. 反抗;反叛revolution n. 革命;旋转revolve v. 环绕;绕转revolver n. 旋转器;左轮手枪revulsion n. 抽回;突变reward n. 报答;酬金\nv. 报答;酬谢rhetoric n. 辞令;雄辩rhinoceros n. 犀rhyme n. 同韵词;韵\nv. 成韵;押韵rhymed adj. 押韵的rhythm n. 节奏;律动rib n. 肋骨;肋条\nv. 加肋于;戏弄ribald adj. 下流的\nn. 开下流玩笑的人ribaldry n. 下流;下流语言ribbon n. 缎带;色带\nv. 成带状rice n. 稻;米rich adj. 富的;富饶的riches n. 财富;富有rick n. 草堆;柴垛\nv. 把...堆成垛rickety adj. 虚弱的riddance n. 摆脱riddle n. 谜;粗筛\nv. 解;筛ride n. 骑;骑马道\nv. 骑;乘坐rider n. 附文;骑马的人ridge n. 脊;山脊\nv. 翻...作垄;装脊ridicule n. 嘲笑;笑料\nv. 嘲笑ridiculousadj. 呱呱叫的rife adj. 充满的;流行的rifle n. 来复枪;来复线\nv. 猛投;搜劫rig n. 帆装;服装\nv. 装配;操纵right adj. 合适的;正当的\nadv. 好;正当地\nn. 实况;正当\nv. 补救;纠正righteous adj. 正义的;正直的rightful adj. 合法的;恰当的rightism n. 右派观点rigid adj. 具刚性的;坚硬的rigmarole n. 胡言乱语rigorous adj. 精确的;严格的;彻底的rigour n. 艰苦;严格rile v. 搅浑;使恼火rim n. 边;膜\nadj. 镶边的rind n. 皮;外层ring n. 戒指;金环\nv. 发;鸣rink n. 冰场;溜冰场rinse n. 漂洗;清水\nv. 漂洗掉;轻洗riot n. 暴乱;骚乱\nv. 发动暴乱;恣意riotous adj. 暴乱的;奔放的rip n. 裂口;偷窃\nv. 划破;撕ripe adj. 成熟的;富的ripen v. 使成熟;成熟ripple n. 波纹;涟漪\nv. 呈波状;梳;飘动rise n. 岗;上涨\nv. 登上;离席rising adj. 上涨的;升起的risk n. 危险;危险率\nv. 把...作赌注;冒...的危险rite n. 圣餐式;仪式ritual adj. 礼节性的\nn. 程序;仪式rival adj. 竞争的\nn. 竞争对手;同事\nv. 与...竞争;竞争rivalry n. 竞争;竞争行为river n. 河;巨流rivet n. 铆钉\nv. 铆rivulet n. 细流;小河road n. 街道;路roadway n. 车道;路面roam n. 随便走\nv. 在...随便走;随便走roan adj. 沙毛的\nn. 红白间色;沙毛牲畜roar n. 大笑声;吼声\nv. 吼叫;喧哗roast a dj. 烤过的\nn. 烤\nv. 焙烧;烤rob v. 盗窃;抢robber n. 抢劫者robbery n. 抢劫;抢劫罪robe n. 长袍;盖毯\nv. 覆盖;穿上长袍robin n. 旅鸫;知更鸟robot n. 机器人;自动机robust adj. 坚定的;结实的rock n. 大石;矿石\nv. 轻摇使;轻摆rocket n. 火箭;芝麻菜\nv. 惊飞;迅速上升rocky adj. 岩石的;摇动的rod n. 杆;笞鞭rodent adj. 侵蚀性的;咬啮的\nn. 獐头鼠目的人rogue adj. 劣等的;劣种的\nn. 调皮鬼;无赖\nv. 欺诈;去roguery n. 调皮捣蛋;无赖行为roguish adj. 调皮的;无赖的role n. 角色;作用roll n. 小圆面包;一卷\nv. 卷;推roller n. 滚动物;滚轧机rolling adj. 滚的;起伏的romantic adj. 有浪漫色彩的\nn. 浪漫的人romp n. 嬉耍喧闹\nv. 轻快地跑rompers n. 连裤童装roof n. 顶;房屋\nv. 给...装以特定屋面rook n. 骗子;车\nv. 骗取...的钱;行骗room n. 房间;一套房间\nv. 占一房间roomed adj. 有...房间的roomy adj. 宽敞的;体型宽的roost n. 栖木;歇息处\nv. 栖息;歇息rooster n. 栖息的鸟;雄禽root n. 底部;根\nv. 生根;搜寻rope n. 粗绳;绞索\nv. 用绳捆;成绳状rosary n. 玫瑰经;念珠rose n. 玫瑰;玫瑰色;玫瑰香水\nrise的过去式roseate adj. 光明的;乐观的roster n. 花名册;值日表rostrum n. 演讲;演讲台rosy adj. 光明的;像玫瑰的rot n. 腐败;腐烂\nv. 腐败;腐烂rota n. 勤务轮值rotary adj. 轮流的;旋转的\nn. 旋转式机器rotate v. 旋转;循环rotation n. 旋度;旋转rote n. 老一套;罗塔琴rotten adj. 发臭的;腐烂的rotund adj. 洪亮的;圆形的rotunda n. 圆形大厅rouge n. 铁丹;胭脂\nv. 使变红;脸红rough adj. 不平滑的;未加工的\nn. 粗人\nv. 对...动粗;使不平roughcast n. 粗灰泥;毛坯\nv. 粗制roughshod adj. 残暴的roulette n. 滚轮;轮盘赌\nv. 给...滚压骑缝线round adj. 丰满的;圆的\nn. 圆圈;圆形物\nprep. 围绕;向...各处\nv. 变圆;环行roundabout adj. 绕道的;下摆圆的\nn. 绕道roundly adv. 严厉地;圆圆地rouse n. 激起;干杯\nv. 激起;惊起rout n. 溃退;骚乱\nv. 击溃;翻route n. 路;途径\nv. 为...安排路线routine adj. 例行的;一般的\nn. 固定节目;例行公事row n. 路;一排\nv. 划;划运rowdy adj. 好争吵的\nn. 粗暴而又好争吵的人royal adj. 国王的;敕立的\nn. 顶桅帆;王裁royalty n. 堂皇;王位rub n. 擦;摩擦\nv. 擦;揉擦rubber n. 橡胶;橡皮rubbish adj. 无用的\nn. 垃圾\nv. 消灭;诋毁rubble n. 毛石;碎石rubicund adj. 红润的rubric adj. 用红色印刷的\nn. 标题;类目ruby adj. 红宝石色的\nn. 红宝石;红宝石色rucksack n. 帆布背包ructions n. 争吵rudder n. 舵;搅拌桨ruddy adj. 非常的;红润的\nadv. 非常rude adj. 粗鲁的;简单的rudimentsn. 入门;退化器官rue n. 后悔;同情\nv. 懊悔ruffian adj. 残暴的\nn. 流氓ruffle n. 皱;翎颌\nv. 竖起;斗争rug n. 小地毯rugged adj. 粗壮的ruin n. 毁灭;破产\nv. 毁坏;毁灭ruination n. 毁灭rule n. 裁决;规则\nv. 控制;统治ruler n. 尺;划线人rum adj. 古怪的;困难的\nn. 酒;朗姆酒rumble n. 低频噪声;隆隆声\nv. 发隆隆声;察觉ruminant adj. 反刍的\nn. 反刍动物ruminate v. 沉思;倒嚼rummage n. 翻找\nv. 翻找出;翻找rumour n. 咕哝;名誉\nv. 谣传rump n. 牛臀肉;臀部rumple n. 皱纹\nv. 弄皱;变皱rumpus n. 喧闹run n. 跑步;赛跑\nv. 跑;逃runaway adj. 逃跑的;失控的\nn. 逃跑;逃跑者runnel n. 沟;溪runner n. 警官;跑动的人runway n. 河床;滑道rupture n. 决裂;破裂\nv. 断绝;破裂rural adj. 农村的;农业的ruse n. 诡计rush n. 冲;匆忙\nv. 猛推;冲rusk n. 面包干russet adj. 黄褐色的\nn. 黄褐色rust adj. 铁锈色的\nn. 铁锈色;锈\nv. 发锈;生锈rustle n. 沙沙声;赶忙\nv. 偷;觅食rusty adj. 锈的;顽固的rut n. 常规;车辙\nv. 动情ruthless adj. 无情的。
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Defensicsuzz测试软件说明说明书
Improve software robustness, ensure systems interoperability, and identify vulnerabilities, whether you’re procuring software for business operations or building it.OverviewDefensics® fuzz testing is a comprehensive, powerful, and automated black box solution that enables organizations to effectively and efficiently discover and remediate security weaknesses in software. By taking a systematic and intelligent approach to negative testing, Defensics allows organizations to ensure software security without compromising on product innovation, increasing time to market, or inflating operational costs.Key featuresIntelligent fuzzing engineThe Defensics engine is programmed with knowledge on input type, whether it’s an interface, protocol, or file format. Because the engine has a deep understanding ofthe rules that govern communication within the input type, it can deliver targetedtest cases that exploit that input type’s inherent security weaknesses. This intelligent and systematic approach to fuzz testing allows you to reduce testing time without compromising cost or security.Defensics’ logical user interface walks users through each step of the process, making advanced fuzz testing easy.• Choose from five new vertical solution bundles: automotive, ICS, IoT, networking, andtelecom. Vertical solution bundles include foundational protocols in addition to protocolsrelevant to that vertical market.Fits into most development life cyclesDefensics contains workflows that enable it to fit almost any environment from atechnological and process standpoint. Whether you employ a traditional SDL or a CIdevelopment life cycle, Defensics brings fuzz testing into development early, allowingyou to catch and remediate vulnerabilities more cost-effectively. Got an unconventionaldevelopment life cycle? Our experienced Professional Services team can help you identifyfuzz testing checkpoints, define fuzz testing metrics, and establish a fuzz testing maturityprogram.It’s not just about fitting into the development process; it’s also about working withsurrounding technologies. API and data export capabilities allow Defensics to share data foradditional reporting and analysis, making Defensics a true plug-and-play fuzzer.Detailed, data-rich reports for efficient remediation• Contextualized logs. Remediation logs detail the protocol path and message sequencesbetween Defensics and the system under test (SUT) to help you identify the trigger andtechnical impact of each vulnerability.• Vulnerability mapping. Defensics maps each vulnerability to industry standards such asCWE and injection type to enhance information discovery and expedite remediation.• Issue re-creation. Defensics narrows the vulnerability trigger to a single test case so youcan re-create the issue and verify the fix.• Remediation packages. Generate encrypted remediation packages for your softwaresuppliers to facilitate secure, collaborative remediation across the supply chain.Scale fuzz testing with automationFrom scanning for the test target to determining the number of layers to connect to,Defensics offers a rich set of APIs for flexible, scalable automation to meet all your needs:• Test single devices• Set up repeatable automation to ensure test plans are followed every time• Reduce testing times with the latest in scalable virtualizationDefensics reports contain messagesequence logs to help users identify theroot cause of an anomalous reaction.Defensics offers automated capabilitiesthroughout the testing process, such asDevice Explorer, to relieve users of theburden of manual configuration.Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)• Diameter Client/Server • EAPOL Server • Kerberos Server• LDAPv3 Client/Server • RADIUS Client/Server • TACACS+ Client/Server • MACsec ServerApplication• FIX• JSON Format • Web Application• WebSocket Client/Server • XML SOAP Client/Server • XML File • XMPP Server • AMQP Server • WAMP Server • OWAMP Server • TWAMP Server Automotive *• CAN Bus • CAN FD • DoIP Server • gPTP Server • SOME/IP • SRP ServerCellular Core• BICC/M3UA • GRE• GTP Prime • GTPv0• PMIPv6 Client/Server • SCTP Client/Server • SMPP• SMS (SMPP injection)• SMS (file injection)• MAP • BSSAP • BSSAP+• CAP • INAP • ISUP• MTP3 / M2UA|M2PA • TCAP / SCCP / M3UA •SBI Client/ServerDefensics Fuzz Testing | Test Suite CatalogCore IP• DHCP/BOOTP Client/Server • DHCPv6 Client/Server • DNS Client/Server • FTP Client/Server • HTTP Client/Server • HTTP/2 Client/Server • HTTP/3 Server • ICAP Server •IPv4 Package–ARP Client/Server –ICMP –IGMP –IPv4–TCP for IPv4 Client/Server •IPv6 Package –ICMPv6 –IPv6–TCP for IPv6 Client/Server • SOCKS Client/Server • Multicast DNS• PPP over L2TP Client • PPPoEEmail• IMAP4 Client/Server • MIME• POP3 Server•SMTP Client/ServerGeneral Purpose• SDK Express• Universal ASN.1 BER • Universal FuzzerICS *• 60870-5-104 (iec104) Client/Server • 61850/Goose/SV• 61850/MMS Client/Server • BACNET • CIP Server • COAP Server• DNP3 Client/Server • MQTT Client/Server • Modbus Master • Modbus PLC • OPC UA Server • Profinet DCP• Profinet PTCP Client/Server • DLMS/COSEM Client/Server •ISASecure Testing SolutionIoT *• Thread • BT• Wi-Fi AP • gRPC •ZigbeeLink Management• LACP (802.3ad)• STP/RSTP/MSTP/ESTPMedia• Archives Package–GZIP –JAR –ZIP• Audio Package–MP3–MPEG4 (M4A/MP4) –OGG –WAV–Windows Media (WMA/WMV)• Images Package–GIF –JPEG –PNG –TIFF• Video Package–H.264 File Suite –H.264 RTP Format –MPEG2-TS–MPEG4 (M4A/MP4) –OGG–Windows Media (WMA/WMV)Medical• DICOM Server • HL7v2 Server• FHIR Client/ServerMetro Ethernet• BFD• CFM (802.1ag, Y.1731)• E-LMI (MEF-16)• Ethernet (802.3, 802.1Q)• GARP (802.1D)• LLDP (802.1AB)• OAM (802.3ah)• PBB-TE Server•Synchronous Ethernet (ESMC)Networking*• BGP• SNMP• IPv4/IPv6• SIP• Metro EthernetPublic Key Infrastructure (PKI)• CMPv2 Client/Server• CSRRemote Management• CWMP (TR-69) ACS• CWMP (TR-69) CPE• IPMI Server• NETCONF• PCP Server• SNMP trap• SNMPv2c Server• SNMPv3 Server• SSHv1 Server• SSHv2 Server• Syslog• TFTP Server• Telnet ServerRouting• BGP4+ Client/Server• IS-IS• LDP• MPLS Server• MSDP• OSPFv2• OSPFv3• Openflow controller• Openflow switch• PIM-SM/DM• RIP• RIPng• RSVP• TRILL Server• VRRP• COPS Client/Server Telecom*• 5G• SMS• Pre-5GTime Synchronization• IEEE1588 PTP Client/Server• NTP Client/ServerUniversal Plug and Play• UPnP Package–UPnP Multicast Eventing–UPnP SOAP–UPnP SSDP Control Point–UPnP SSDP DeviceVoIP• H.323 Client/Server• H.248 GW Binary/Text• H.248 MGC Binary/Text• MGCP Server• MSRP Server• RTP/RTCP/SRTP• RTSP Client/Server• SIP UAC• SIP UAS (+TT)• SIP-I Server• STUN Client/Server• TURN Client/Server• SigComp ServerVPN• DTLS Client/Server• IKEv2 Client/Server• IPSec• ISAKMP/IKEv1 Client/Server• L2TPv2/v3 Client/Server• OCSP Client/Server• SCEP• SSTP• TLS/SSL Client/Server• X.509v3 Certificates• VXLANWireless• Zigbee Package–FuzzBox Zigbee APS–FuzzBox Zigbee MAC–FuzzBox Zigbee NWK• Thread package–FuzzBox Thread 6LoWPAN–FuzzBox Thread MAC• Bluetooth LE Package–ATT Client/Server–Advertisement–HOGP Host–Health–L2CAP Server–LL Peripheral–Profiles–SMP Client/Server• Bluetooth Package–A2DP–AVRCP–BNEP–HFP AG/Unit–HSP AG/Unit–L2CAP–MAP Client–OBEX-Server–PBAP Client–RFCOMM–SDP• Wi-Fi AP Package–802.11 WLAN AP–802.11 WPA AP–802.11 WPA3 AP• Wi-Fi Client Package–802.11 WLAN Client–802.11 WPA Client–802.11 WPA3 Client5G technology• GTPv2-C Client/Server• S1AP/NAS Client/Server• GTPv1 Client/Server• E1AP Client/Server• NGAP/NAS Client/ServerMonitoring and engine capabilities Instrumentation• Valid case• Syslog• Agent• SNMP• Custom scripting at each testing executionSafeGuard checkers• Amplification• Authentication bypass• Blind LDAP injection• Blind SQL injection• Certificate validation• Compressed signer’s name in RRSIG record • Cross-site request forgery• Cross-site scripting• ECDH Public Key validation• Extra cookie compared to valid case• Heartbleed• Information leakage• Insufficient randomness• LDAP injection in response• Malformed HTTP• Remote execution• SQL injection in response• SMP insecure pairing parameters• Unexpected data• Unprotected credentials• Weak cryptographyAnomaly categories• ASN.1/BER anomalies• Credential anomalies• Deep packet inspection• EICAR antivirus test file• GTUBE (generic test for unsolicited bulkemail)• Control plane injection anomalies• Integer anomalies• Network address anomalies• Overflow anomalies• Underflow anomaliesNote: We add test suites frequently. Pleasecontact us for the latest list.。
维克多英语——高考备考词块汇总(十四)字母U-Z词块--
高考备考词块汇总（）——字母U—Z Uuglyan ugly smell 令人作呕的气味an ugly incident 可怕的事件*ultimatean ultimate goal / aim / objective / target 最终目标umbrellaput up / fold an umbrella 撑开/ 收起伞under the umbrella of 在……的保护下unable(be) unable to do sth 不能做某事uncertain(be) uncertain of / about 对……不确定unconditionalunconditional love 无条件的爱unconscious(be) unconscious of 未发觉……underunder the age of ……岁以下under control / pressure 在掌控之下/ 在压力下under construction / repair 在建设/ 修理中under discussion 在讨论中under the name of 用……名字undergroundby underground / on the underground 乘地铁underground stations 地铁站understandunderstand sb to be 认为某人是make oneself understood [尤指用另一种语言] 把自己的意思说清楚understandingbeyond understanding 不可理解come to / arrive at / reach an understanding with sb 和某人达成共识undertakeundertake to do sth 同意做某事*undoundo a button / parcel 解开纽扣/ 打开包裹What is done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。
lustre文件系统简介
备份服务器Failover
• Lustre系统中旳每个节点(MDS/OST)一般都能够配置备 份服务器
• 两个服务器采用共享磁盘存储旳方式来存储数据 • 当服务器或网络连接发生失效时，就会造成客户端数
据访问超时，客户端会查询备份服务器旳数据 • 得到信息后，立即将后续旳祈求重定向植POSIX语法旳linux旳VFS层相 兼容旳接口；
• 逻辑对象卷LOV模块主要经过其下层旳 对象存储客户端OSC为Llite提供对象存 储旳API接口；
• 元数据客户端MDC模块主要被Llite用来 与元数据服务器进行通信，为顾客提供 与各个元数据服务器进行命名空间操作 交互旳元数据对象API接口；
高能所旳 Lustre 布署有四个特点： • (1) 元数据服务器 MDS 分为主从，但是无法在线备份和容错； • (2) 采用万兆以太网； • (3) 没有采用分片存储，一个文件仅存储在一种 OST 上； • (4) 存储设备采用便宜旳SATA 盘，经过 RAID6 实现数据可靠性。
谢谢！
• 基于对象存储旳分布式文件系统 • 基于便宜旳SATA磁盘驱动器构建超大规模存
储集群，不需要专门旳硬件支持 • 支持大多数高速网络类型 • 高吞吐量、高扩展性和高性能 • 有效旳数据管理机制、全局数据共享、失
效替代和系统可迅速配置等功能
Lustre文件系统体系构造
• 元数据服务器 MDS(Meta Data Server) • 对象存储服务器 OSS(Object Storage Server) • 客户端(Client) • 元数据目旳设备MDT(Meta Data Target) • 对象存储目旳设备 OST(Object storage Target) • 连接这些组件旳高速网络
药品名称中英文词汇四_医学英语词汇
联苯吡胺 difenpiramide联苯苄唑 bifonazole联苯丁酸 xenbucin联苯利平 xenalipin联苯洛芬 bifeprofen联苯普胺 bifepramide联苯双酯 bifendate；biphenyldimethylesterate 联苯戊烯酮 xenipentone联苯乙醇 biphenylylmethylcarbinol联苯乙酸 felbinac联硝氯酚 niclofolan链道酶 streptodornase链伐立星 streptovarycin链黑霉素 rufocromomycin；streptonigrin链激酶 streptokinase链霉素 streptomycin链米酮 streptimidone链双霉素 streptoduocin链佐星 streptozocin两性霉素b amphotericin b亮氨卡因 leucinocaine亮氨酸 leucine亮丙瑞林 leuprorelin亮谷姆 leuciglumer亮菌甲素 armillarisin a邻脂苯芥 ocaphane林旦 lindane林卡唑 rimcazole林可霉素 lincomycin林那罗汀 linarotene林替曲特 lintitript林托必利 lintopride林西多明 linsidomine磷[32p]酸钠 sodium phosphate[32p]磷巴胺 fosopamine磷苯妥英 fosphenytoin磷雌酚 fosfestrol磷喹酮 fosquidone磷利酯 fosarilate磷硫胺 monophosphothiamine磷柳酸 fosfosal磷霉素 fosfomycin磷酸二氢钠 sodium dihydrogen phosphate磷酸肌酐 fosfocreatinine磷酸铝 aluminum phosphate磷酸氯非铵 clofilium phosphate磷酸腺苷 adenosine phosphate磷酰胆碱 phosphorylcholine膦胺霉素 fosmidomycin膦甲酸钠 foscarnet sodium膦美酸 fosmenic acid膦乳酸 foscolic acid膦西泮 fosazepam膦乙醇钠 fosfonet sodium铃兰醇苷 strophanthidol rhamnoside铃兰醇苷 convallatoxol铃兰毒苷 convallatoxin流柔比星 leurubicin流行性感冒疫苗 influenza vaccine流行性乙型脑炎疫苗 japanese encephalitis vaccine硫安布新 thiambutosine硫贝特 tiafibrate硫苯司特 tibenelast硫苯唑林 thibenzazoline硫必利 tiapride硫丙拉嗪 thioproperazine硫达唑嗪 tiodazosin硫代硫酸钠 sodium thiosulfate硫地醇 tiadenol硫噁洛芬 tioxaprofen硫蒽酮 lucanthone硫夫拉定 thiofuradene硫汞苯磺钠 sodium timerfonate硫汞林 mercaptomerin硫化镉 cadmium sulfide硫己比妥 thiohexital硫甲睾酮 thiomesterone；tiomesterone硫堇 thionine硫卡巴胂 thiocarbamisin硫卡利特 thiocarlide；tiocarlide硫康唑 sulconazole硫克司特 tiacrilast硫类肝素钠 suleparoid sodium硫利达嗪 thioridazine硫柳汞mercurothiolate；thimerosal；thiomersal；thiomersalate硫鲁司特 sulukast硫氯酚 bithionol硫氯酚钠 sodium bithionolate；sodium bitionolate硫马林 sulmarin硫麦角林 tiomergine硫美碘铵 tiametonium iodide硫米嘌呤 tiamiprine硫米齐特 diapamide；thiamizide；tiamizide硫姆林 tiamulin硫鸟嘌呤 thioguanine；tioguanine硫脲尼定 thiocarbanidin硫哌立酮 tioperidone硫培南 sulopenem硫喷妥钠 penthiobarbital；thiomebumal；thiopental sodium；thiopentemal；thiopentone硫平酸 tiopinac硫普罗宁 tiopronin硫前列酮 sulprostone硫氰醋酸异龙脑 isobornyl thiocyanoacetate硫氰酸钾 potassium thiocyanate硫秋水仙苷 thiocolchicoside硫沙仑 tiosalan硫胂胺钠 thiacetarsamide sodium硫胂凡纳明 sulfarsphenamine硫双萘酯 naphthiomate硫双香豆醇 thioporan硫双乙醇 thiodiglycol硫酸钡 barium sulfate硫酸地布托林 dibutoline sulfate硫酸锂 lithium sulfate硫酸铝 aluminum sulfate硫酸镁 magnesium sulfate硫酸哌嗪雌酮 piperazine estrone sulfate硫酸亚铁 ferrous sulfate硫酸亚铁[59fe] ferrous sulfate[59fe]硫酸鱼精蛋白 protamine sulfate硫索单抗 sulesomab硫糖铝 sucralfate硫糖肽 sulglicotide硫糖酯 sucrosofate硫替比妥 thiotetrabarbital硫替丁 tiotidine硫戊比妥钠 thiamytal sodium硫西泮 sulazepam硫西新 thiazesim；tiazesim硫烯比妥 thialbarbital；thiohexallymal硫辛酸 thioctic acid硫辛酰胺 thioctamide硫氧洛尔 sulfinalol硫乙拉嗪 thiethylperazine；tietylperazine硫乙腙 thiethazone硫唑嘌呤 azathioprine柳胺酚 osalmid柳胆来司 salcolex柳氮定 salazodine柳氮磺胺 salazosulfamide柳氮磺吡啶 salazosulfapyridine；sulfasalazine 柳氮磺嘧啶 salazosulfadimidine柳氮磺噻唑 salazosulfathiazole柳氟维林 salfluverine柳萘酯 betol六甲蜜胺 altretamine六甲溴铵 hexamethonium bromide六氯酚 hexachlorophane；hexachlorophene 六氯乙烷 hexachlorethane六氢芬宁 drofenine；hexahydroadiphenine 咯环利定 rolicyclidine咯来米特 roletamide咯利普兰 rolipram咯萘啶 malaridine龙胆酸 gentisic acid龙胆酸钠 sodium gentisate隆巴唑 lombazole卢非酰胺 rufinamide卢罗司琼 lurosetron卢帕他定 rupatadine卢扎朵仑 ruzadolane芦贝鲁唑 lubeluzole芦丁 rutin；rutoside芦伐腙 ruvazone芦氟沙星 rufloxacin芦他霉素 rutamycin卤丙烷 halopropane卤泛群 halofantrine卤芬酯 halofenate卤夫酮 halofuginone卤加比 halogabide卤卡班 cloflucarban；halocarban卤可托龙 halocortolone卤米松 halometasone卤哌地特 haloperidide卤培氯铵 halopenium chloride卤培米特 halopemide卤泼尼松 halopredone卤普罗近 haloprogin卤沙唑仑 haloxazolam卤孕酮 haloprogesterone鲁苯达唑 luxabendazole鲁非罗尼 lufironil鲁夫拉朵 lufuradom鲁卡他胺 lucartamide鲁匹替丁 lupitidine鲁前列醇 luprostiol鲁西霉素 lucimycin铝硅酸镁 almasilate铝克洛沙 alcloxa铝硫复 alusulf铝硫酸镁 almadrate sulfate铝镁加 almagate铝镁屈特 almagodrate铝酸铋 bismuth aluminate铝碳酸镁 hydrotalcite铝糖醇钠 alexitol sodium绿黄菌素 viridofulvin绿藜安 cryptenamine绿藜芦碱 alkavervir氯氨雷司 clominorex氯胺t钠 chloramine t；tosylchloramide sodium 氯胺羟喹 clamoxyquine氯胺酮 ketamine氯巴占 clobazam氯贝胺 clofibride氯贝胆碱 bethanechol chloride氯贝丁酯 clofibrate氯贝酸 clofibric acid氯贝酸钙 calcium clofibrate氯贝酸铝 aluminum clofibrate氯贝酸镁 magnesium clofibrate氯倍他胺 chlorbetamide氯倍他松 clobetasone氯倍他索 clobetasol氯苯达诺 chlophedianol氯苯达诺 clofedanol氯苯甘醚 chlorphenesin氯苯甘油氨酯 chlorphenesin carbamate氯苯环仑 clofenciclane氯苯磺酸西尼铵 thenium closilate氯苯甲脒 chlordimeform；chlorphenamidine 氯苯醚特 clofenoxyde氯苯那敏 chlorphenamine氯苯沙明 chlorphenoxamine氯苯他明 clofenetamine氯苯托品 clobenztropine氯苯维林 clofeverine氯苯西泮 clobenzepam氯苯扎利 lobenzarit氯苯唑胺 zoxazolamine氯吡多 clopidol氯吡格雷 clopidogrel氯吡拉敏 halopyramine氯吡拉敏 chloropyramine氯吡林 chlorothen氯吡林 chloropyrilene氯吡酸 clopirac氯吡西泮 lopirazepam氯苄酚 clorofene；clorophene氯苄雷司 clobenzorex氯苄沙明 chlorbenzoxamine氯丙胍 chlorproguanil氯丙那林 clorprenaline氯丙嗪 chlorpromazine氯丙沙嗪 chlorproethazine氯波必利 clebopride氯泊酮 cloponone氯布洛芬 lobuprofen氯醋甲胆碱 methacholine chloride氯达非定 clidafidine氯达卡因 clodacaine氯达酮 clodazone氯达西卡 lodazecar氯达香豆素 cloridarol氯氮平 clozapine氯德拉苯 lodelaben氯登妥因 chlordantoin；clodantocide；clodantoin 氯地吗啉 chlordimorine氯地哌隆 lodiperone氯地昔尔 lodinixil氯地孕酮 chlormadinone氯碘羟喹 clioquinol；iodochlorhydroxyquin氯碘沙尼 clioxanide氯碘油 chloriodized oil氯丁卡因 clibucaine氯丁替诺 clobutinol氯丁扎利 clobuzarit氯噁唑仑 cloxazolam氯二甲酚 chloroxylenol氯二甲箭毒dimethyltubocurarinium chloride；metocurine chloride氯法齐明 clofazimine氯仿 chloroform氯非那胺 clofenamide氯非那托品 phenactorpine chloride氯非沙胺 clofexamide氯非宗 clofezone氯芬磷 chlorfenvinphos氯芬磷 clofenvinfos氯芬那酸 clofenamic acid氯芬奴隆 lufenuron氯芬乙嗪 chlorphenethazine氯酚扎宁 alazanine triclofenate氯呋酸 clofurac氯伏胺 clovoxamine氯氟卡班 loflucarban氯氟哌醇 seperidol氯氟哌醇 clofluperol氯福克酚 clofoctol氯福雷司 cloforex氯汞[197hg]君 chlormerodrin[197hg]氯汞[203hg]君 chlormerodrin[203hg]氯汞君 chlormerodrin氯谷胺 loxiglumide氯胍 chloroguanide；proguanil氯琥珀胆碱succinylcholine chloride；suxamethonium chloride氯化氨汞 ammoniated mercury氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化肥碱 choline choride氯化钙 calcium chloride氯化汞 mercuric chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化钾[42k] potassium chloride[42k]氯化绝[131cs] cesium chloride[131cs]氯化钠 sodium chloride氯化亚汞 calomel；mercurous chloride氯化铟[113min] indium chloride[113min]氯环力嗪 chlorcylizine氯磺丙脲 chlorpropamide氯吉兰 clorgiline；clorgyline氯己定 chlorhexidine氯甲酚 chlorocresol氯甲西林 clometocillin氯甲西泮 lormetazepam氯甲孕酮 clometherone氯甲孕酮 clometerone氯解磷定 pralidoxime chloride氯卡帕明 clocapramine氯坎法胺 clocanfamide氯康唑 cloconazole氯康唑 croconazole氯可托龙 clocortolone氯克雌醇 cloxestradiol氯克罗孟 cloricromen氯喹 chloroquine氯喹那多 chlorquinaldol氯喹那特 clochinate；cloquinate 氯拉必利 lorapride氯拉洛尔 cloranolol氯拉西嗪 chloracyzine氯拉扎尼 chlorazanil氯雷他定 loratadine氯膦酸 clodronic acid氯硫卡松 cloticasone氯马克仑 clomacrane氯马斯汀 clemastine氯马扎利 romazarit氯马唑仑 climazolam氯霉素 chloramphenicol氯美醇 clemeprol氯美卡因 clormecaine氯美噻唑 chlormethiazole氯美噻唑 clomethiazole氯美辛 clometacin氯美孕酮 clomegestone氯美扎酮 chlormezanone氯咪巴唑 climbazole氯咪喹啉 climiqualine氯米达唑 chlormidazole氯米非那胺 chloraminophenamide 氯米芬 clomifene；clomiphene氯米洛芬 losmiprofen氯米帕明 clomipramine氯脒佐定 chlorazodin氯莫环素 clomocycline氯莫克舍 clomoxir氯那唑酸 lonazolac氯萘洛芬 lonaprofen氯萘帕林 lonapalene氯萘唑啉 clonazoline氯尼达明 lonidamine氯尼塞利 clonixeril氯尼他秦 clonitazene氯尼辛 clonixin氯诺昔康 lornoxicam氯帕胺 clopamide氯哌隆 cloroperone氯哌莫齐 clopimozide氯哌帕生 clopipazan氯哌噻吨 clopenthixol氯哌斯汀 cloperastine氯泼尼醇 cloprednol氯泼尼松 chloroprednisone氯普芬 chlorpropham氯普鲁卡因 chloroprocaine氯普噻吨 chlorprothixene氯普噻唑 cloprothiazole氯普唑仑 loprazolam氯齐脲 lozilurea氯前列醇 cloprostenol氯羟喹 cloxiquine；cloxyquine 氯羟喷地 cloxypendyl氯曲芬 lotrifen氯醛比林 dichloralphenazone氯醛柳胺 chloralsalicylamide氯醛甜菜碱 chloral betaine氯醛甜菜碱 cloral betaine氯醛已醇 chloralodol；chlorhexadol氯瑞唑 loreclezole氯噻吨胺 clotixamide氯噻平 clothiapine；clotiapine氯噻嗪 chlorothiazide氯噻酮 chlortalidone；chlorthalidone氯噻西泮 clotiazepam氯三苯四唑 triphenyltetrazolium chloride 氯沙必利 cloxacepride氯沙坦 losartan氯舍平 chloroserpidine氯麝酚 chlorothymol氯生太尔 closantel氯舒隆 clorsulon氯司替勃 clostebol氯索睾酮 cloxotestosterone氯索隆 clorexolone氯他拉明 lortalamine氯碳头孢 loracarbef氯特胺 clortermine氯替法唑 lotifazole氯替平 clorotepine氯替泼诺 loteprednol氯筒箭毒碱 tubocurarine chloride氯托喹 cletoquine氯维地平 clevidipine氯戊米特 lorglumide氯西加酮 losigamone氯西拉敏 closiramine氯西尼嗪 clocinizine氯西诺嗪 chlorthenoxazine氯西他朵 cloracetadol氯烯雌醚 chlorotrianisene；chlortrianisoestrol 氯香豆素 clocoumarol氯硝地平 cronidipine氯硝甘油 clonitrate氯硝柳胺 niclosamide氯硝西泮 clonazepam氯雄酮 chlordrolone氯烟贝特 ronifibrate氯氧喷 clodoxopone氯氧三嗪 symclosene氯乙双酯 clorethate氯乙双酯 cloretate氯乙烷 ethyl chloride氯乙酰胆碱 acetylcholine chloride氯茚二酮 clorindione氯茚芬酸 clorindanic acid氯茚酚 chloridanol；clorindanol氯孕酮 clogestone氯扎封 lorzafone氯唑沙宗 chlorzoxazone氯唑西林 cloxacillin卵黄素 lututrin卵雄酮白蛋白 ovandrotone albumin仑氨西林 lenampicillin仑哌隆 lenperone伦扎必利 renzapride伦唑普利 rentiapril罗贝胍 robenidine罗多比星 rodorubicin罗多卡因 rodocaine罗多喹 rhodoquine罗非咯啶 rofelodine罗氟奈德 rofleponide罗氟烷 roflurane罗谷亚胺 rogletimide罗红霉素 roxithromycin罗加米定 rolgamidine罗克吲哚 roxindole罗库溴铵 rocuronium bromide 罗喹美克 roquinimex罗拉格雷 rolafagrel罗拉西坦 rolziracetam罗利环素 rolitetracycline罗利普令 rolicypram；rolicyprine 罗咯定 rolodine罗麦角林 romergoline罗米非定 romifidine罗莫肽 romurtide罗那洛尔 ronactolol罗尼帕米 ronipamil罗哌卡因 ropivacaine罗匹尼罗 ropinirole罗匹嗪 ropizine罗匹妥英 ropitoin罗曲酸 rotraxate罗塞帕泛 rocepafant罗沙米星 rosamicin；rosaramicin罗沙前列醇 rosaprostol罗沙胂 roxarsone罗沙替丁 roxatidine罗沙酯 roxadimate罗索哌隆 roxoperone罗索沙星 rosoxacin罗他霉素 rokitamycin罗坦西林 rotamicillin罗通定 rotundine罗托沙敏 levocarbinoxamine；rotoxamine 罗西维林 rociverine罗昔勃龙 roxibolone罗昔洛韦 rociclovir罗硝唑 ronidazole罗雄龙 rosterolone萝巴新 raubasine螺铂 spiroplatin螺茶碱 spirofylline螺朵林 spiradoline螺谷胺 spiroglumide螺吉汀 spirgetine螺可吉宁 ruscogenine螺克拉明 spiclamine螺克塞平 spiroxepin螺拉秦 spirazine螺立林 spirilene螺利酮 spirorenone螺氯马嗪 spiclomazine螺仑洛尔 spirendolol 螺莫司汀 spiromustine 螺内酯 spironolactone 螺哌隆 spiperone螺普利 spirapril螺普利拉 spiraprilat 螺前列素 spiriprostil 螺沙群 spiroxatrine螺沙宗 spiroxasone螺旋霉素 spiramycin 螺佐呋酮 spizofurone 洛贝林 lobeline洛苯达唑 lobendazole 洛吡哌唑 lorpiprazole 洛丙二醇 loprodiol洛泊布坦 lopobutan 洛铂 lobaplatin洛布卡韦 lobucavir洛达普令 lodaxaprine 洛度沙胺 lodoxamide 洛伐他汀 lovastatin洛非咪唑 lofemizole 洛非帕明 lofepramine 洛非西定 lofexidine洛芬达占 lofendazam 洛芬太尼 lofentanil洛硫嗪 losulazine洛美利嗪 lomerizine 洛美内酯 lomevactone 洛美曲林 lometraline洛美曲索 lometrexol洛美沙星 lomefloxacin洛米茶碱 lomifylline洛莫司汀 lomustine洛哌丁胺 loperamide洛沙平 loxapine洛沙司特 loxanast洛索蒽醌 losoxantrone洛索立宾 loxoribine洛索洛芬 loxoprofen洛土卡因 lotucaine洛韦胺 loviride洛西那朵 lorcinadol洛辛哚 losindole麻黄碱 ephedrine麻疹疫苗 measles vaccine马波沙星 marbofloxacin马布洛芬 mabuprofen马布特罗 mabuterol马兜铃酸 aristolochic acid马度米星 maduramicin马福拉嗪 mafoprazine马拉硫磷 malathion马来磺胺噻唑 maleylsulfathiazole马来酸氯苯那敏 chlorpheniramine maleate 马来酸氯苯那敏 chlorphenamine maleate 马来他姆 maletamer；malethamer马立马司他 marimastat马立霉素 maridomycin马立替林 mariptiline马磷酰胺 mafosfamide马罗塞平 maroxepin马洛替酯 malotilate马尼地平 manidipine马诺地尔 manozodil马哌斯汀 mapinastine马泼尼酮 mazipredone马普替林 maprotiline马沙骨化醇 maxacalcitol马司莫单抗 maslimomab马索罗酚 masoprocol马血促性素 serum gonadotrophin 马吲哚 mazindol马扎哌汀 mazapertine马扎替可 mazaticol马佐卡林 mazokalim吗贝卡 mobecarb吗苯丁酯 dioxaphetyl butyrate吗多明 molsidomine吗啡 morphine吗福雷司 morforex吗克罗孟 morocromen吗喹酮 moquizone吗拉宗 morazone吗林那宗 molinazone吗啉胍 moroxydine吗啉米特 morinamide吗氯贝胺 moclobemide吗氯酮 morclofone吗洛维林 mofloverine吗尼氟酯 morniflumate吗哌利定 morpheridine吗西香豆素 moxicoumone吗硝唑 moxnidazole吗茚酮 molindone麦白霉素 meleumycin麦迪霉素 midecamycin麦地拉宁 mideplanin麦法朵 myfadol麦角胺 ergotamine麦角二乙胺 lysergide麦角腈 lergotrile麦角克索 sergolexole麦角新碱 ergometrine；ergonovine麦考酚酸 mycophenolic acid麦拉乳酸 myralact麦罗啡 myrophine麦屈酰胺 mydricamide麦替卡因 myrtecaine毛冬青甲素 ilexonin a毛果芸香碱 pilocarpine毛花苷a lanatoside a毛花苷c lanatoside c玫瑰红钠[131i] rose bengal sodium[131i] 美安贝氯铵 methoxyambenonium chloride 美巴那肼 mebanazine美贝维林 mebeverine美吡拉敏 mepyramine；pyrilamine美吡哌唑 mepiprazole美勃嗪 mebolazine美布氨酯 mebutamate美布卡因 metabutoxycaine。
RUG-Z中文资料
Spec Sheet R4611/1 July 97Precision Resistor Type RUG-Z( Technical modifications reserved )dimensions ( mm )Case dimensions are compatible to high-power transistor modules to a great extent. Current feed is accomplished with a screw connection between cable and copper U-terminal. The distortion-protected nut recessed in the module considerably facilitates assembly.Pulses up to 1000 W are without detrimental effect based on the optimized geometrical design and temperature resistance of the adhesive.This high-power resistor in four-terminal design was espe-cially developed, where high DC or AC currents of low frequency have to be regulated with precise accuracy and reproducibility like in current supplies for superconducting magnets.When assembled on an air or watercooled heatsink, the resistance deviation caused by temperature change and temperature coefficient is in most instances negligibly small.RHOPOINT COMPONENTS LTDTel: +44/01883 717988, Fax: +44/01883 712938, Email: sales@ Website: power derating curveTemperature dependence of the electrical resistance of ISA-PLAN resistorsTechnical dataresistance range 1 / 2 / 5 / 10 / 20 / 50 / 100 / 200 / 500mOhm - 1 / 10 / 100Ohm tolerances0.1%, 1%temperature coefficient tcr ( R > 20mOhm )< ±1 / ±3 / ±5 / ±10ppm/K ( 20°C to 60°C )applicable temperature range -55°C to +85°C load capacity250Wsingle pulse power load ( R < 10mOhm )50J ( tp < 10ms )thermal resistance to copper base plate Rthi < 0.1K/W dielectric withstanding voltage 500VAC inductance < 10nHstabilitydeviation <0.1% after 2,000h元器件交易网。
RUZ-090909中文资料
0.25
1.00 ø+0.15/0 2.54
5 x 2.54
2.54
Top View
6 7
XX.X ± 0.5 mm XX.XX ± 0.25 mm
76
April-2005
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
80%
100%
RUZ-xx1212
Efficiency / Load
100 80 60 40
RUZ-xx1515
Efficiency / Load
100
241212
051515
80 60
121212 Efficiency % 051212
Input/Output and Output V1/Output V2
74
April-2005
元器件交易网
ECONOLINE
DC/DC-Converter
Typical Characteristics
RUZ Series
80%
100%
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
80%
100%
Deviation / Load
25.000 20.000 25.000 20.000
Deviation / Load
Deviation from Nominal (%)
15.000 10.000 5.000 0.000 -5.000 -10.000
ECONOLINE
DC/DC-Converter
RUZ Series
Selection Guide
Part Number SIP 7 RUZ-xx3.33.3 RUZ-xx0505 RUZ-xx0509 RUZ-xx0512 RUZ-xx0515 RUZ-xx0909 RUZ-xx1212 RUZ-xx1515 RUZ-xx2424 xx = Input Voltage Input Voltage (VDC) 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 Output Voltage (V1VDC) 3.3 5 5 5 5 9 12 15 24 Output Voltage (V2VDC) 3.3 5 9 12 15 9 12 15 24 Output Current (mA) 303/303 200/200 200/111 200/84 200/66 111/111 84/84 66/66 42/42 Efficiency (%) 70 70-82 70-82 70-82 70-82 82-84 82-84 82-84 80-85
俄罗斯中子伽马能谱某些词汇解释
Кп- величина коэффициента водонасыщенной пористостимодели метрологического центра ОАО НПП «ВНИИГИС». VNIIGIS公司标准中心模型水饱和孔隙度系数值Pden–параметр плотности, определяемый по спектру СНГК- Ш по аналогичной ГГК-П (плотностной гамм-гамма каротаж) методике по интенсивности комптоновского рассеяния на двух расстояниях от источника нейтронов.中子源发出的两个源距上，根据康普顿散射强度，通过类似密度伽马-伽马测井方法的宽能域中子-伽马能谱测井方法（СНГК-Ш）所测的密度参数。
Fdeni–функция (параметр) плотности, определяемыйпо полному спектру СНГК- Ш (с учетом высокоэнегетической части спектра).宽能域中子-伽马能谱测井（СНГК-Ш）全能谱（计入高能谱部分）所测的密度函数（参数）。
Plot–плотность, определенная по данным стандартного ГГК-П. 根据标准的密度伽马-伽马测井（ГГК-П）数据测定出的密度。
ГГК-П- плотностной гамм-гамма каротаж. 密度伽马-伽马测井SGKi(мкр/ч) –интеграл СГК–суммирование импульсов во всем диапазоне энергий в mkR/h, SGKi = GRL. 在所有能域的脉冲求和（微伦琴/小时），SGKi = GRL。
用户培训
一旦润滑油的喷入温度达到其最小预热温度 50°C时，主放气阀和冷 态起动放气阀将会同时动作。
Intellisys控制机组只有一个放气电磁阀，它是由Intellisys控制。
ASG China Service Department
调节系统
调节系统由下列部件组成： 1. Intellisys控制器(Intellisys控制机组) 2. 液压缸(汽缸) 3. 加载电磁阀 4. 调节电磁阀 5. 压力开关(继电器控制机组) 6. 压力调节器 7. 蝶阀 (或进气阀) 8. 步进电机(Intellisys控制机组) 9. 有源线路板(Intellisys控制机组) 通常有三种气量控制系统，以满足不同用户的不同需要。 ON/OFF控制 调节器控制 自动停机/起动控制
▲
油脂牌号
▲
▲
间隔周期
添加量
注意：不同牌号的油脂不能混合使用。
ASG China Service Department
冷却与润滑系统
该系统由以下七个部件组成： 1. 止逆阀 2. 油分离器 3. 温控阀 4. 油过滤器 5. 冷却风扇 6. 油冷却器 7. 断油电磁阀
ASG China Service Department
回油管
回油管由一装于油分离器盖上的插入到油分离芯底部的直管、带有过 滤网的回油过滤器以及回油管节流孔接头组成。 过滤网和节流孔的堵塞，会造成压缩空气含油量的增加。因而，定期 清洗过滤网和节流孔是非常重要的工作。 回油直管的安装应符合规范，直管离油分离芯底部的距离应控制在所 要求的范围，以避免压缩空气含油量增大或顶穿底部。 具体参数如下：
M22 M37 S100 S200 M250
1~2 mm 1~2 mm 2~3 mm 2~3 mm 3~5 mm
ADG636YRUZ-REEL7中文资料
1 pC Charge Injection, 100 pA Leakage,CMOS, ±5 V/+5 V/+3 V Dual SPDT SwitchADG636 Rev. AInformation furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, noresponsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. T rademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, M A 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2002–2008 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.FEATURES1 pC charge injection±2.7 V to ±5.5 V dual supply+2.7 V to +5.5 V single supplyAutomotive temperature range: −40°C to +125°C 100 pA (maximum at 25°C) leakage currents85 Ω typical on resistanceRail-to-rail operationFast switching timesTypical power consumption (<0.1 μW)TTL-/CMOS-compatible inputs14-lead TSSOP packageAPPLICATIONSAutomatic test equipmentData acquisition systemsBattery-powered instrumentsCommunication systemsSample-and-hold systemsRemote-powered equipmentAudio and video signal routingRelay replacementAvionics FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMD1D2A1EN02754-1Figure 1.GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADG636 is a monolithic device, comprising two indepen-dently selectable CMOS single pole, double throw (SPDT) switches. When on, each switch conducts equally well in both directions.The ADG636 operates from a dual ±2.7 V to ±5.5 V supply, or from a single supply of +2.7 V to +5.5 V.This switch offers ultralow charge injection of ±1.5 pC over the entire signal range and leakage current of 10 pA typical at 25°C. In addition, it offers on resistance of 85 Ω typical, which is matched to within 2 Ω between channels. The ADG636 also has low power dissipation yet is capable of high switching speeds.The ADG636 exhibits break-before-make switching action and is available in a 14-lead TSSOP package. PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS1.Ultralow charge injection. Q INJ: ±1.5 pC typical over thefull signal range.2.Leakage current <0.25 nA maximum at 85°C.3.Dual ±2.7 V to ±5 V or single +2.7 V to +5.5 V supply.4.Automotive temperature range: −40°C to +125°C.5.Small 14-lead TSSOP package.ADG636Rev. A | Page 2 of 16TABLE OF CONTENTSFeatures .............................................................................................. 1 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications ..................................................................................... 3 Dual Supply ................................................................................... 3 Single Supply ................................................................................. 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................9 ESD Caution...................................................................................9 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ........................... 10 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 11 Test Circuits ..................................................................................... 13 Terminology .................................................................................... 15 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 16 Ordering Guide .. (16)REVISION HISTORY8/08—Rev. 0 to Rev. AUpdated Format .................................................................. U niversal Changes to Analog Switch Parameter ............................................ 3 Changes to Analog Switch Parameter ............................................ 5 Changes to Analog Switch Parameter ............................................ 7 Change to I DD Parameter .................................................................. 8 Changes to Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................... 9 Added Table 5; Renumbered Sequentially .................................. 10 Moved Truth Table ......................................................................... 10 Added Endnote to Table 6 ............................................................. 10 Changes to Figure 19 ...................................................................... 13 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide . (16)1/02—Revision 0: Initial VersionADG636Rev. A | Page 3 of 16SPECIFICATIONSDUAL SUPPLYV DD = 5 V ± 10%, V SS = −5 V ± 10%, GND = 0 V . All specifications −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 1.Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range V SS to V DD V V DD = +4.5 V, V SS = −4.5 V On Resistance, R ON 85 Ω typ V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA, Figure 14 115 140 160 Ω max V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA, Figure 14On-Resistance Match BetweenChannels, ΔR ON2 Ω typ V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA4 5.5 6.5 Ω max V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA On-Resistance Flatness, R FLAT(ON) 25 Ω typ V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA 40 55 60 Ω max V S = ±3 V, I DS = −1 mA LEAKAGE CURRENTS V DD = +5.5 V, V SS = −5.5 V Source Off Leakage, I S (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = ±4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V, Figure 15 ±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = ±4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V, Figure 15Drain Off Leakage, I D (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = ±4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V, Figure 15 ±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = ±4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V, Figure 15Channel On Leakage, I D (On), I S (On) ±0.01 nA typ V S = V D = ±4.5 V, Figure 16 ±0.1 ±0.25 ±6 nA max V S = V D = ±4.5 V, Figure 16DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage, V INH 2.4 V min Input Low Voltage, V INL 0.8 V max Input Current, I INL or I INH 0.005 μA typ V IN = V INL or V INH ±0.1 μA max V IN = V INL or V INH Digital Input Capacitance, C IN 2 pF typDYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 1Transition Time 70 ns typ V S1A = +3 V, V S1B = −3 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17100 120 150 ns max V S1A = +3 V, V S1B = −3 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17t ON Enable 100 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19135 170 190 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19t OFF Enable 55 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 1980 90 100 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19Break-Before-Make Time Delay, t BBM 20 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 1810 ns min R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 18Charge Injection −1.2 pC typ V S = 0 V, R S = 0 Ω, C L = 1 nF,Figure 20Off Isolation −65 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF, f = 10 MHz,Figure 21Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk −65 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF, f = 10 MHz,Figure 23Bandwidth −3 dB 610 MHz typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF, Figure 22ADG636Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments C S (Off) 5 pF typ f = 1 MHzC D (Off) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHzC D (On), C S (On) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHzPOWER REQUIREMENTS V DD = +5.5 V, V SS = −5.5 VI DD0.001 μA typ Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 V1.0 μA max Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 VI SS0.001 μA typ Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 V1.0 μA max Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 V 1 Guaranteed by design; not subject to production test.Rev. A | Page 4 of 16ADG636Rev. A | Page 5 of 16SINGLE SUPPLYV DD = 5 V ± 10%, V SS = 0 V , GND = 0 V . All specifications −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 2.Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range 0 V to V DD V V DD = 4.5 V, V SS = 0 V On Resistance, R ON 210 Ω typ V S = 3.5 V, I DS = −1 mA, Figure 14 290 350 380 Ω max V S = 3.5 V, I DS = −1 mA, Figure 14On Resistance Match Between Channels, ΔR ON 3 Ω typ V S = 3.5 V, I DS = −1 mA 12 13 Ω max V S = 3.5 V, I DS = −1 mA LEAKAGE CURRENTS V DD = 5.5 V Source Off Leakage, I S (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = 1 V/4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V/1 V,Figure 15±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = 1 V/4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V/1 V,Figure 15Drain Off Leakage, I D (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = 1 V/4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V/1 V,Figure 15±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = 1 V/4.5 V, V D = 4.5 V/1 V,Figure 15Channel On Leakage, I D (On), I S (On) ±0.01 nA typ V S = V D = 4.5 V/1 V, Figure 16 ±0.1 ±0.25 ±6 nA max V S = V D = 4.5 V/1 V, Figure 16DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage, V INH 2.4 V min Input Low Voltage, V INL 0.8 V max Input Current, I INL or I INH 0.005 μA typ V IN = V INL or V INH ±0.1 μA max V IN = V INL or V INH Digital Input Capacitance, C IN 2 pF typ DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 1 Transition Time 90 ns typ V S1A = 3 V, V S1B = 0 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17150 185 210 ns max V S1A = 3 V, V S1B = 0 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17t ON Enable 135 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19180 235 275 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19t OFF Enable 70 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19105 120 135 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 19Break-Before-Make Time Delay, t BBM 30 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 1810 ns min R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 3 V,Figure 18Charge Injection 0.3 pC typ V S = 0 V, RS = 0 Ω, C L = 1 nF, Figure 20Off Isolation −60 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF , f = 10 MHz,Figure 21Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk −65 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF , f = 10 MHz,Figure 23Bandwidth −3 dB 530 MHz typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF, Figure 22C S (Off) 5 pF typ f = 1 MHz C D (Off) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHz C D (On), C S (On) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHzADG636Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments POWER REQUIREMENTS V DD = 5.5 VI DD0.001 μA typ Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 V1.0 μA max Digital inputs = 0 V or 5.5 V1 Guaranteed by design; not subject to production test.Rev. A | Page 6 of 16ADG636Rev. A | Page 7 of 16V DD = 3 V ± 10%, V SS = 0 V , GND = 0 V . All specifications −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 3.Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range 0 V to V DD V V DD = 2.7 V, V SS = 0 V On Resistance, R ON 380 420 460 Ω typ V S = 1.5 V, I DS = −1 mA, Figure 14On Resistance Match Between Channels, ΔR ON 5 Ω typ V S = 1.5 V, I DS = −1 mA LEAKAGE CURRENTS V DD = 3.3 V Source Off Leakage, I S (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = 1 V/3 V, V D = 3 V/1 V,Figure 15±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = 1 V/3 V, V D = 3 V/1 V,Figure 15Drain Off Leakage, I D (Off) ±0.01 nA typ V S = 1 V/3 V, V D = 3 V/1 V,Figure 15±0.1 ±0.25 ±2 nA max V S = 1 V/3 V, V D = 3 V/1 V,Figure 15Channel On Leakage, I D (On), I S (On) ±0.01 nA typ V S = V D = 1 V/3 V, Figure 16 ±0.1 ±0.25 ±6 nA max V S = V D = 1 V/3 V, Figure 16DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage, V INH 2.0 V min Input Low Voltage, V INL 0.8 V max Input Current, I INL or I INH 0.005 μA typ V IN = V INL or V INH ±0.1 μA max V IN = V INL or V INH Digital Input Capacitance, C IN 2 pF typ DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 1 Transition Time 170 ns typ V S1A = 2 V, V S1B = 0 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17320 390 450 ns max V S1A = 2 V, V S1B = 0 V, R L = 300 Ω,C L = 35 pF, Figure 17t ON Enable 250 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 2 V,Figure 19360 460 530 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 2 V,Figure 19t OFF Enable 110 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 2 V,Figure 19175 205 230 ns max R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF, V S = 2 V,Figure 19Break-Before-Make Time Delay, t BBM 80 ns typ R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF , V S1 = 2 V,Figure 1810 ns min R L = 300 Ω, C L = 35 pF , V S1 = 2 V,Figure 18Charge Injection 0.6 pC typ V S = 0 V, R S = 0 Ω, C L = 1 nF,Figure 20Off Isolation −60 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF , f = 10 MHz,Figure 21Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk −65 dB typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF , f = 10 MHz,Figure 23Bandwidth −3 dB 530 MHz typ R L = 50 Ω, C L = 5 pF, Figure 22C S (Off) 5 pF typ f = 1 MHz C D (Off) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHz C D (On), C S (On) 8 pF typ f = 1 MHzADG636Parameter +25°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +125°C Unit Test Conditions/Comments POWER REQUIREMENTS V DD = 3.3 VI DD0.001 μA typ Digital inputs = 0 V or 3.3 V1.0 μA max Digital inputs = 0 V or 3.3 V 1 Guaranteed by design; not subject to production test.Rev. A | Page 8 of 16ADG636Rev. A | Page 9 of 16ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGST A = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 4.Parameter RatingV DD to V SS 13 VV DD to GND −0.3 V to +6.5 VV SS to GND +0.3 V to −6.5 VAnalog Inputs 1 V SS − 0.3 V to V DD + 0.3 VDigital Inputs 1 −0.3 V to V DD + 0.3 V or30 mA, whicheveroccurs first Peak Current, S or D (Pulsed at 1 ms,10% Duty Cycle Maximum)20 mA Continuous Current, S or D 10 mA Operating Temperature Range −40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C Junction Temperature 150°CTSSOP PackageθJA Thermal Impedance 150°C/W θJC Thermal Impedance 27°C/W Lead Soldering Lead Temperature, Soldering (10 sec) 300°C IR Reflow, Peak Temperature (<20 sec) 220°C Pb-Free Soldering Reflow, Peak Temperature 260(+0/−5)°C Time at Peak Temperature 20 sec to 40 sec1Overvoltages at EN, A0, A1, S, or D are clamped by internal diodes. Current should be limited to the maximum ratings given.Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTIONADG636Rev. A | Page 10 of 16PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONSA0EN V SS S1A S1BD1NCA1GND V DD S2A S2B D2NCNC = NO CONNECT02754-002Figure 2. Pin ConfigurationTable 5. Pin Function DescriptionsPin number Mnemonic Description1 A0 Digital Input (LSB).2 EN Active High Digital Input.3 V SS Negative Power Supply. For single-supply operation, connect this pin to GND.4 S1A Source Terminal. Can be an input or output.5 S1B Source Terminal. Can be an input or output.6 D1 Drain Terminal. Can be an input or output.7 NC Not Electrically Connected.8 NC Not Electrically Connected.9 D2 Drain Terminal. Can be an input or output. 10 S2B Source Terminal. Can be an input or output. 11 S2A Source Terminal. Can be an input or output. 12 V DD Positive Power Supply.13 GND Ground (0 V) Power Supply. 14 A1Digital Input (MSB).Table 6. Truth TableA1 A0 EN On Switch X 1X 10 None 0 0 1 S1A, S2A 0 1 1 S1B, S2A 1 0 1 S1A, S2B 1 1 1 S1A, S2B1X = logic state doesn’t matter; it can be either 0 or 1.Rev. A | Page 11 of 16TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICSV D ,V S (V)O N R E S I S T A N C E (Ω)02754-003Figure 3. On Resistance vs. V D (V S), Dual Supply 600V D , V S (V)O N R E S I S T A N C E (Ω)30050040020010002754-004Figure 4. On Resistance vs. V D (V S ), Single Supply V D , V S (V)O N R E S I S T A N C E (Ω)1808014012060201601004002754-005Figure 5. On Resistance vs. V D (V S) for Different Temperatures, Dual Supply V D ,V S (V)O N R E S I S T A N C E (Ω)02754-006Figure 6. On Resistance vs. V D (V S ) for Different Temperatures, Single SupplyTEMPERATURE (°C)C U R R E N T (n A )6040801001202002754-007Figure 7. Leakage Currents vs. Temperatures, Dual Supply–15TEMPERATURE (°C)C U R R E N T (n A )–3–1–5–7–13–11–902754-008Figure 8. Leakage Currents vs. Temperature, Single SupplyRev. A | Page 12 of 16–2.0V S (V)C H A R G E I N J E C T I O N (p C )–1.5–1.0–0.5–5–454–3–2–1321002754-009Figure 9. Charge Injection vs. Source VoltageT I M E (n s )TEMPERATURE (°C)6040–408010012020–2002754-010Figure 10. t ON /t OFFEnable Timing vs. Temperature –90–80–70–60–50–40–30–20–10A T T E N U A T I O N (d B )02754-011FREQUENCY (MHz)1000100100.31Figure 11. Off Isolation vs. FrequencyFREQUENCY (MHz)A T T E N U A T I O N (dB )02754-012Figure 12. Crosstalk vs. FrequencyFREQUENCY (MHz)1000100100.31–18–16–14–12–10–8–6–4–2A T T E N U A T I O N (d B )02754-013Figure 13. On Response vs. FrequencyRev. A | Page 13 of 16TEST CIRCUITSV 02754-014V02754-01502754-016Figure 14. On Resistance Figure 15. Off LeakageFigure 16. On LeakageVOUTIN )V OUTTRANSITION02754-017Figure 17. Transition Time, t TRANSITIONVV OUTIN )V OUT0V3V 02754-018Figure 18. Break-Before-Make Delay, t BBMOUTV ENABLE IN )OUTPUT0V3VOFF V OUT0V02754-019Figure 19. Enable Delay, t ON (EN), t OFF (EN)Rev. A | Page 14 of 16OUTSW ONV INSW OFFV OUTV INSW OFFSW ON SW OFFSW OFFCHARGE INJECTION =ΔV OUT ×C L02754-020Figure 20. Charge InjectionOFF ISOLATION = 20logV OUT V S02754-021Figure 21. Off IsolationINSERTION LOSS = 20logV OUT WITH SWITCH V OUT WITHOUT SWITCH02754-022Figure 22. BandwidthCHANNEL-TO-CHANNEL CROSSTALK = 20logV OUT V SL Ω02754-023Figure 23. Channel-to-Channel CrosstalkTERMINOLOGYV DDMost positive supply potential.V SSMost negative power supply in a dual-supply application.In single-supply applications, this should be tied to ground at the device.GNDGround (0 V) reference.I DDPositive supply current.I SSNegative supply current.SSource terminal. May be an input or output.DDrain terminal. May be an input or output.R ONOhmic resistance between Terminal D and Terminal S.ΔR ONOn resistance match between any two channels (that is,R ON max − R ON min).R FLAT(ON)Flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values of on resistance as measured over the specified analog signal range.I S (Off)Source leakage current with the switch off.I D (Off)Drain leakage current with the switch off.I D (On), I S (On)Channel leakage current with the switch on.V D, V SAnalog voltage on Terminal D and Terminal S.V INLMaximum input voltage for Logic 0.V INHMinimum input voltage for Logic 1. I INL(IINH)Input current of the digital input.C S (Off)Channel input capacitance for the off condition.C D (Off)Channel output capacitance for the off condition.C D (On), C S (On)On switch capacitance.C INDigital input capacitance.t ON (EN)Delay time between the 50% and 90% points of the digital input and the switch on condition.t OFF (EN)Delay time between the 50% and 90% points of the digital input and the switch off condition.t TRANSITIONDelay time between the 50% and 90% points of the digital input and the switch on condition when switching from one address state to another.t BBMOff time or on time measured between the 80% points of both switches when switching from one address state to another. Charge InjectionA measure of the glitch impulse transferred from the digital input to the analog output during switching.CrosstalkA measure of unwanted signal that is coupled through from one channel to another as a result of parasitic capacitance.Off IsolationA measure of unwanted signal coupling through an off switch. BandwidthThe frequency response of the on switch.Insertion LossLoss due to the on resistance of the switch.Rev. A | Page 15 of 16Rev. A | Page 16 of 16OUTLINE DIMENSIONSCOMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-153-AB-1061908-ACONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES)ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.0.30 (0.012)0.19 (0.007)COPLANARITY 0.10 (0.004)Figure 24. 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP](RU-14)Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)ORDERING GUIDEModelTemperature Range Package DescriptionPackage Option ADG636YRU−40°C to +125°C 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] RU-14 ADG636YRU-REEL −40°C to +125°C 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] RU-14 ADG636YRUZ 1−40°C to +125°C 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] RU-14 ADG636YRUZ-REEL 1 −40°C to +125°C 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] RU-14 ADG636YRUZ-REEL 71−40°C to +125°C 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] RU-141Z = RoHS Compliant Part.©2002–2008 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D02754-0-8/08(A)。
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俄汉核动力与核电设备科技文献资料中常用缩略词参考手册(补充后)
俄汉核动力与核电设备科技文献资料中常用缩略词参考手册русско-китайский справочниксокращенных слов,часто употребляемых в научно-технической литературе и инструкциях по ядерной энергетике иоборудованию АЭС连云港2003СодержаниеА (3)Б (8)В (13)Г (18)Д (22)Е (24)Ж (24)З (25)И (26)К (29)Л (34)М (35)Н (39)О (42)П (46)Р (54)С (58)Т (66)У (70)Ф (73)Х (74)Ц (75)Ч (77)Ш (77)Щ (78)Э (78)Ю (79)Я (79)АА -акселерометр 加速表А -автивность活度А -ампер安培А -аустенизация奥氏体化АА -амплитудный анализатор-振幅分析器ААВС -аппарат атомоводородной сварки氢原子焊机ААЗ -аппарат аварийной защиты事故保护设备ААИ-амплитудный анализаторимпульсов -脉冲振幅分析器ААИС -автоматизированная аналитическая измерительная система自动测量分析系统ААР -аппарутура автоматического регулирования -自动调节装置ААРЧ -аварийная автоматическая регулировка частоты -事故自动频率调节АБ -автоблокировка自动闭锁АБ -аккумуляторная батарея蓄电池（组）АБД -автоматизированный банк данных自动化数据库АБП -агрегат бесперебойного питания不间断电源机组абс. -абсолютный绝对的абс.давл. -абсолютное давление绝对压力абс.ед. -абсолютная единица绝对单位АБУ -автоматическое блокирующее устройство自动闭锁装置АВК -аппаратура вычисления и контроля计算和检测仪表АВМ -аналоговая вычислительная машина模拟计算机АВН -аппарат высокого напряжения -高压装置АВП -аппарат на воздушной подушке气垫装置АВР -автоматическое включение резервов备电源自动合闸装置(备自投) АВУ -автоматический включатель управления自动控制开关АГАТ -автоматизированный гамма-аппарат терапевтический自动化伽玛射线医疗仪АГП -автоматическое гашение поля -自动消磁АГР -административая группа行政组АГХ -анализатор газовый химический -气体化学分析器АД -асинхронный двигатель异步电动机АДВУ -анализ и обработка директив верхнего уровня高电平指令分析АДМОТДЕЛ -административный отдел行政处АДП -аналого-дискретный преобразователь模-数转换器АДП -аппаратура диагностики протоколирования 记录诊断设备ПДР -автоматическое дирековое реле自动盘式继电器АДС -агроно-дуговая сварка氩弧焊АДС -адаптер дистанционной связи -远距离通讯匹配器АЗ -аварийная защита事故保护АЗ -активная зона堆芯，活性区Азгосстандарт -азербайджанский государственный стандарт阿塞拜疆国家标准АЗД -автоматический задатчик давления -自动压力定值器АЗОУ -автоматическое защитное отключающее устройство自动保护断路装置АЗР -автомат защиты реле继电器自动保护装置АЗР -активная зона реактора反应堆活性区АЗС -автомат защиты сети线路（电网）自动保护装置АЗС -аккумуляторно-зарядная станция蓄电池充电站АЗТП -аппаратура защиты по технологическим параметрам工艺参数保护装置АЗУ -аналоговое запоминающее устройство模拟存储器АЗФ -автоматическое заземление повреждённой фазы故障相自动接地АИ -административные инструкции -行政管理规程АИМ -амплитудно-импульсная модуляция脉冲调幅制АИР -аварийная импульсная разгрузка -事故脉冲减负荷АИС -автоматическая информационная станция自动信息站АИУС -автомат информационно-управляющая система自动信息控制系统АК -автоматический кондуктометр -自动电导仪АК Транснефть -акционерная компания Транснефть石油输送股份公司акад. -академик院士АКК -автоматизированный ковочные комплексы自动化锻造综合设备АКМ -автоматический кислородометр -自动测氧仪АКНП -аппаратура контроля нейтронного потока中子通量检测仪АКП -автоматический копировальный прибор自动复印机АКПНП -аппаратура коррекции показателя нейтронного потока中子通量批示仪校正装置АКППГ -аппаратура контроля протечки парогенератора蒸汽发生器泄漏监测装置АКР -аппаратура контроля реактивности反应性监测装置АКРБ -аппаратура контроля радиационной безопасности辐射安全监测装置АКРГ -аппаратура контроля гидроаммортизаторов 液压减振器检测装置АКС -азотно-кислородная станция氮氧供气站акт. –активность活性,活度акт. зоны -активность зоны活性区的活性АКТП -аппаратура контроля технологических параметров工艺参数监测装置АКФВУ -аппаратура контроля фиксации внутрикорпусного устройства堆内设备定位测量装置АКЧ -автоматический контроль частоты -频率自动控制АКЭС -атомная конденсационная электростанция冷凝式核电站АЛОС -аппаратура логической обработка сигналов信号逻辑处理装置АМ（或метод АМ）-метод проведения испытания металла на межкристаллитную коррозию(ММК)晶间腐蚀试验方法(或称АМ法),其中的“М”表示在有铜存在时所用的方法(“У”表示快速法)附注:АМ АМУ АМФУ ВУ ВД В 为各种晶间腐蚀试验方法(规范中有详细说明)АМУ -ускоренный метод испытания на МКК快速晶间腐蚀试验方法АМУФ-加氟快速晶间腐蚀试验方法例：Маетриал должен быть проверен на стойкость против МККпо методу АМ или АМУ。
R-Z
rabbit / ❑✌♌♓♦n.兔子race【同形】019/ ❑♏♓♦n.民族；比赛vi.全速前进vt.和…比速度racial 【义类】013/ ❑♏♓☞☜● a.种族的，人种的raciness^ / ❑♏♓♦♓⏹♓♦n. 痛快,爽快,风味好rack【同义】105/ ❑✌n.架，行李架racket* / ❑✌♓♦n.球拍radar【同音】023【略截】012 / ❑♏♓♎☜n.雷达radiant* / ❑♏♓♎☜⏹♦ a.绚丽的；容光焕发的radiate*【同义】090【义类】115/ ❑♏♓♎♓♏♓♦vt.辐射，散发vi.发射(光、热等)；散发radiation【同义】090【义类】115/ ❑♏♓♎♓♏♓☞☜⏹n.辐射(线能)radical / ❑✌♎♓☜● a.激进的；彻底的；(数学)根的；基本的radicalism^ / ❑✌♎♓●♓❍n. 激进主义radio【易错】016【略截】016【义类】116/ ❑♏♓♎♓☜◆n.收音机；无线电radioactive* / ❑♏♓♎♓☜◆✌♦♓ a.放射性的radius*【同义】090 / ❑♏♓♎☜♦n.半径rag【对应】061【对应】062 / ❑✌♑n.破布；(pl.)破烂衣服；低劣的报纸rage【对应】061【同义】011 / ❑♏♓♎✞n.大怒vi.发怒；(指暴风雨等)猛烈地进行raid / ❑♏♓♎v.&n.袭击；突然搜查rail / ❑♏♓●n.栏杆，围栏；铁轨；(pl.)铁路railroad【对应】064 / ❑♏♓●❑☜◆♎n.铁路railway【对应】064/ ❑♏♓●♦♏♓n.铁路rain【同音】017【义类】006/ ❑♏♓⏹n.雨；雨天vi.下雨vt.使…如雨而下rainbow / ❑♏♓⏹♌☜◆n.虹，彩虹raincoat / ❑♏♓⏹☜◆♦n.雨衣rainy【同缀】026 / ❑♏♓⏹♓ a.下雨的；多雨的raise【对应】013【义类】083/ ❑♏♓vt.抬起，举起；提出，发起；抚养；募集rally / ❑✌●♓n.大会，集合v.把…集合起来ramshackle^ / ❑✌❍☞✌●adj. 摇摇欲坠的random* / ❑✌⏹♎☜❍n.随意，随机a.随意的，随机的range【同义】065 / ❑♏♓⏹♎✞n.范围；(山)脉vt.排列成行vi.并列；延伸rank【同义】065/ ❑✌☠n.军衔；等级；排vt.评级vi.列入rap* / ❑✌☐n.轻敲v.轻敲rape* / ❑♏♓☐n.强奸vt.强奸；破坏，损害rapid / ❑✌☐♓♎ a.快的，迅速的rapidity^ / ❑☜☐♓♎♓♦♓n.快，迅速rare / ❑☪☜ a.罕见的；稀薄的；(指肉)半熟的rarely【对应】025【义类】022 / ❑☪☜●♓ad.很少地rash*【对应】036 / ❑✌☞ a.轻率的；鲁莽的rat / ❑✌♦n.老鼠rate / ❑♏♓♦n.比率；等级；价格vt.评级；列为rather / ❑♋❆☜ad.有些；宁可；更确切地；相反地rating* / ❑♏♓♦♓☠n.等级；(电视、广播的)收视率，收听率ratio / ❑♏♓☞♓☜◆n.比，比率，比例rational【对应】039 / ❑✌☞☜⏹● a.合理的；理性的rationale^ / ❑✌☞♓☜⏹●♓n. 基本原理，根据 rationality^ / ❑✌☞☜⏹✌●♓♦♓n.理性rationalization^ / n.合理化rationing^ / ❑✌☞☜⏹♓☠n.定量供应ravage^ / ❑✌♓♎✞vt./vi.毁坏，蹂躏；抢劫，掠夺/ raw / ❑ a.生的；未加工的；未经训练的ray【同义】090/ ❑♏♓n.光线，射线reach / ❑♓♦☞vt.到达；伸手vi.达到n.伸出；区域react【同缀】041【同义】004/ ❑♓✌♦vi.反应；起作用，有影响；反抗reaction【同义】004【义类】118 / ❑♓✌☞☜⏹n.反应；化学反应，反作用(力)；反动reactionary^ / ❑♓✌☞☜⏹☜❑♓adj. 保守的，反动的 reactive^ / ❑♓✌♦♓ a. 反动的,反应性的,反冲的read【同音】017 / ❑♓♎v.阅读；看懂；明白readable^ / ❑♓♎☜♌● a.易读的；可读的；清楚的reader【同缀】048/ ❑♓♎☜n.读者；读物，读本readily / ❑♏♎♓●♓ad.容易地；乐意地；很快地reading / ❑♓♎♓☠n.阅读，读书；读物，选读；读数ready【复混】014/ ❑♏♎♓ a.准备好的；乐意的；(思想、表达等)敏捷的reaffirmation^ / ❑♓✌♐☜❍♏♓☞☜⏹n. 再断言,再肯定real【同缀】034【同义】080 / ❑♓☜● a.真的；现实的realise / ❑♓☜●♋♓⏹vt.认识到，了解；实现realism^【同缀】016/ ❑♓☜●♓☜❍n. 写实主义,现实,实在论realist^【同缀】016 / ❑♓☜●♓♦♦n. 现实主义者,写实主义者,实在论者realistic / ❑♓☜●♓♦♦♓ a.现实(主义)的reality【同缀】033/ ❑♓✌●♓♦♓n.实际存在的事物，现实realize【同缀】040 / ❑♓☜●♋♓vt.认识到，了解；实现really 【同义】081 / ❑♓☜●♓ad.真正地，确实地realm【同源】055 / ❑♏●❍n.王国；领域，范围reap* / ❑♓☐vt.收获(庄稼)；获得，得到vi.收割，收获reappearance^ / ❑♓☜☐♓☜❑☜⏹♦n. 再现,再发rear / ❑♓☜ a.后方的n.后部v.(马)用后腿站立reason【对应】016【对应】057【同义】105/ ❑♓⏹n.理由；理性：理智vt.论证；劝说vi.推理reasonable【对应】039 / ❑♓⏹☜♌● a.合情理的；通情达理的；(价钱)公道的reasoned^ / adj. 经过思考的; 有依据的<议论等> reassess^ / ❑♓☜♦♏♦vt. 再评价,再摊派,再课税reassessment^ / n.重新评估reassure*【对应】040 / ❑♓☜☞◆☜vt.使(某人)安心reassuring ^ / ❑♓☜☞◆❑♓☠ a.使人消除恐惧和疑虑的，使人放心的rebel【同形】026 / ❑♏♌☜● ❑♓♌♏●vi.反抗；抵抗n.反叛者rebellion* / ❑♓♌♏●☜⏹n.造反；叛乱；反抗rebuttal^ / ❑♓♌✈♦●n. 反驳，反证recalibration^ / n. 再校准; 微调recall【同义】105 / ❑♓●vt.&n.回想，忆起；收回，召回recapitulate^ / ❑♓☜☐♓♦◆●♏♓♦v.重述要点, 概括, 摘要recede* / ❑♓♦♓♎v．后退，收回（诺言）receipt / ❑♓♦♓♦n.收据，收条；收到receive【同源】002/ ❑♓♦♓v.收到，接到；蒙受，受到；接见receiver / ❑♓♦♓☜n.受话器；接收机(器)；收到…的人recent / ❑♓♦⏹♦ a.最近的，近来的；近代的recently / ad.最近，近来reception【同源】002 / ❑♓♦♏☐☞☜⏹n.接待(室)；招待会；接收(效果)receptive^ / ❑♓♦♏☐♦♓adj. 善于接受的recession / ❑♓♦♏☞☜⏹n.商业萧条时期，不景气；退却，后退recipe* / ❑♏♦♓☐♓n.菜谱，配方recipient* / ❑♓♦♓☐♓☜⏹♦n. 接受者recipients^ / n. 收件人reciprocal* / ❑♓♦♓☐❑☜☜● a.相互的；互利的reciprocally^ / adv. 相互地，相反地reciprocation^ / ❑♓♦♓☐❑☜♏♓☞☜⏹n. 交互作用,交换,来往recite* / ❑♓♦♋♓♦vt./vi.背诵，朗诵reckless* / ❑♏●♓♦ a.粗心大意的，鲁莽的reckon【同义】032 / ❑♏☜⏹v.考虑，认为；想，料想；计算reclaim* / ❑♓●♏♓❍vt.开垦，开拓；回收reclaim^ / ❑♓●♏♓❍vt.开垦，开拓；要求归还recognise / vt.承认，认可；认出，识别recognition / ❑♏☜♑⏹♓☞☜⏹n.认出，识别；承认；公认，重视recognize【同义】064 / ❑♏☜♑⏹♋♓vt.识别；承认；公认recommend【对应】038 / ❑♏☜❍♏⏹♎vt.推荐；建议；使受欢迎；托付recommendation【对应】038 / ❑♏☜❍♏⏹♎♏♓☞☜⏹n.推荐(信)，介绍(信)；建议，劝告reconcile* / ❑♏☜⏹♦♋♓●vt.使和好；调停reconciliation* / ❑♏☜⏹♦♓●♓♏♓☞⏹n．和解，讲和reconnaissance^ / ❑♓⏹♓♦☜⏹♦n. 侦察，预先探索 record【同形】026 / ❑♏♎ ❑♓♎n.记录；档案v.记录；把(声音等)录下recorder【同源】004 / ❑♓♎☜n.录音机，记录器；记录者recourse^ / ❑♓♦n. 求助，求援recover【同缀】041 / ❑♓✈☜vt.恢复，痊愈；收回，重新获得recovery / ❑♓✈☜❑♓n.恢复，痊愈；收回，复得recreation / ❑♏❑♓♏♓☞☜⏹n.娱乐，消遣recruit / ❑♓❑◆♦v.征募新兵；补充n.新兵，新成员rectangular*【同源】055 / ❑♏♦✌☠♑◆●☜ a. 矩形的，长方形的rectify* / ❑♏♦♓♐♋♓vt.纠正；调整；精馏rectitude^ / ❑♏♦♓♦◆♎n. 诚实，正直recur * / ❑♓☜vi. (疾病)复发recycle* / ❑♓♦♋♓●v.再制造利用(废物等)red【同音】017【义类】036 / ❑♏♎ a.红的，红色的n.红色；红色衣服redemptive^ / ❑♓♎♏❍☐♦♓ a. 赎回的,买回的,赎身的rediscover^ / ❑♓♎♓♦✈☜v.重新发现reduce【同缀】041【同源】035【对应】004/ ❑♓♎◆♦vt.缩小，减少；简化reduction / ❑♓♎✈☞☜⏹n.减少，缩减；(数学)约简redundant* / ❑♓♎✈⏹♎☜⏹♦ a.多余的，累赘的，冗长的reel* / ❑♓●n.一卷(胶片等)；线轴v.卷，绕reenact^ / ❑♓♓⏹✌♦vt. 再制定(法律)refer【同缀】037【同源】044【同义】015/ ❑♓♐☜vi.提到；查阅vt.叫(人)去…；把…归因于referee* / ❑♏♐☜❑♓n.裁判，公断人reference【同源】044【同义】082 / ❑♏♐☜❑☜⏹♦n.参考，查阅；参考文献；介绍人；提及referent^ / ❑♏♐☜❑☜⏹♦n. 指示物referring^ / vbl. 谈及,提交,谘询refine / ❑♓♐♋♓⏹v.精炼，精制，提纯；使有教养，使文雅reflect【同缀】041 / ❑♓♐●♏♦v.反射(光、热、声音、影像等)，反响；反映reflection【义类】115 / ❑♓♐●♏☞☜⏹n.反射，反映；倒影，映像；思考reflexion / ❑♓♐●♏☞⏹n.映象，倒影；反射；沉思，熟虑reform【同源】030/ ❑♓♐❍v.改革；改造；重新组成n.改革；改过refrain^ / ❑♓♐❑♏♓⏹v. 抑制，避免 n. 歌曲的反复句，叠句refrain* / ❑♓♐❑♏♓⏹vi.抑制，制止，忍住refresh / ❑♓♐❑♏☞v.提神，振作；(使)清新refreshment*【同缀】032 / ❑♓♐❑♏☞❍☜⏹♦n.恢复，爽快；(pl.)茶点，点心refrigerator【略截】016 / ❑♓♐❑♓♎✞☜❑♏♓♦☜n.冰箱；冷藏室refuge* / ❑♏♐◆♎✞n.避难(处)，庇护(所) refugee / ❑♏♐◆♎✞♓n.(政治上的)避难者，难民refund*【同源】053 / ❑♓♐✈⏹♎v.归还，偿还n.归还(额)，偿还(额)refusal【同缀】034【同源】053 / ❑♓♐◆☜●n.拒绝refuse【同形】026【同源】002【同源】053【对应】006【同义】038【同义】085/ ❑♓♐◆v.拒绝，谢绝n.废料，垃圾refute* / ❑♓♐◆♦v．驳斥regard【同源】054【对应】038【对应】051/ ❑♓♑♋♎vt.把…看作；注意；对待n.注意；尊敬regarding / ❑♓♑♋♎♓☠prep.关于regardless【对应】015 / ❑♓♑♋♎●♓♦ a.不管…的ad.不顾一切地，不管怎样regime*【易错】014 / ❑♏♓✞♓❍n.政府，政权；政治制度regiment*【同源】055 / ❑♏♎✞♓❍☜⏹♦ n.(军队)团vt.把…编组成团；统一制定…regimental ^ / ❑♏♎✞♓❍♏⏹♦● a. 团的,附属于团的n.团服,军服region【同源】055【同义】076【义类】012/ ❑♓♎✞☜⏹n.地区，区域；领域，范围register【同源】055【义类】099 / ❑♏♎✞♓♦♦☜n.登记；挂号v.登记；挂号邮寄regression^ / ❑♓♑❑♏☞☜⏹n. 复原,逆行,退步regret【同义】107/ ❑♓♑❑♏♦vt.后悔；遗憾vi.感到懊悔n.懊悔regrettable^ / ❑♓♑❑☪♦☜♌● a. 可叹的,可惜的,抱歉的regular【同源】055/ ❑♏♑◆●☜ a.定期的，有规律的；正规的；匀称的regulate【同源】055【对应】054/ ❑♏♑◆●♏♓♦vt.管理，控制；调整，校准regulation【同源】055 / ❑♏♑◆●♏♓☞☜⏹n.调整，调节；规则，规定rehabilitative^ / ❑♓♒☜♌♓●☜♦♏♓♦♓ a. 使复原的,复职的rehearsal* / ❑♓♒☜♦☜●n.排演reign*【同音】017【同源】055 / ❑♏♓⏹n.朝代rein*【同音】017/ ❑♏♓⏹n．缰绳v．控制reinforce【对应】046 / ❑♓♓⏹♐♦vt.加强，加固；增援reinforced^ / adj. 强化的reinforcement^ / ❑♓♓⏹♐♦❍☜⏹♦n.强化reject 【同源】002【同源】066 / ❑♓♎✞♏♦vt.拒绝接受，抵制，驳回rejoice*【对应】047 / ❑♓♎✞♓♦vi.欣喜；庆祝vt.使欣喜，使高兴rejuvenate^ / ❑♓♎✞◆♓⏹♏♓♦v. 使返老还童，回春 rejuvenated^ / adj. 获得新生的，返老还童的relate【同源】044【对应】017【同义】082/ ❑♓●♏♓♦vt.使有联系；叙述，讲vi.与…有关系related^ / ❑♓●♏♓♦♓♎ a.有关联的relation【同缀】033【同义】082/ ❑♓●♏♓☞☜⏹n.家人，亲戚；关系；叙述，陈述relationship / ❑♓●♏♓☞☜⏹☞♓☐n.关系；亲属关系relative【同缀】034【同义】082 / ❑♏●☜♦♓ a.相对的n.亲戚relativity【同缀】034 / ❑♏●☜♦♓♓♦♓n.相对论；相关性relax / ❑♓●✌♦vt.使放松；缓和，放宽vi.放松；松懈relay* / ❑♓●♏♓n.接力赛；替班人员；转播v.转播；传达release / ❑♓●♓♦vt./n.释放；发行，发表；免除relegation^ / ❑♏●♓♑♏♓☞☜⏹n. 驱逐,调职,归属relentless^ / ❑♓●♏⏹♦●♓♦ a.无情的，不仁慈的，残酷的relevant【同缀】044【同义】082 / ❑♏●♓☜⏹♦ a.相关的，切题的；中肯的，恰当的reliable / ❑♓●♋♓☜♌● a.可靠的；确实的reliance^ / ❑♓●♋♓☜⏹♦n.信任，信赖，信心reliance* / ❑♓●♋♓☜⏹♦n.依靠，信赖；依靠的人物relief【对应】012 / ❑♓●♓♐n.(痛苦、烦恼等的)解除；救济；浮雕relieve【对应】012 / ❑♓●♓vt.减轻；免除；救济vi.救济，成浮雕relieved^ / a.如释重负的religion【同义】108 / ❑♓●♓♎✞☜⏹n.宗教religious【同义】108 / ❑♓●♓♎✞☜♦ a.宗教的relinquish^ / ❑♓●♓☠♦♓☞v. 放弃,撤回,让与,放手relinquishment^ / n.放弃；撤回；停止relish* / ❑♏●♓☞n.乐趣，美味；开胃小菜vt.爱好，喜欢reluctant / ❑♓●✈♦☜⏹♦ a.不愿意的，勉强的rely【同义】108 / ❑♓●♋♓vi.依靠remain【同源】037 / ❑♓❍♏♓⏹vi.停留，留下；保持，依然remainder*【同源】037 / ❑♓❍♏♓⏹♎☜n.剩余物，剩余；剩下的人；余数remark【同义】097 / ❑♓❍♋n.评论，意见；注意vt.说；注意vi.评论remarkable / ❑♓❍♋☜♌● a.显著的，了不起的remedy【同源】039【同义】083/ ❑♏❍♓♎♓n.疗法；药品vt.治疗；补救，纠正remember【同义】105 / ❑♓❍♏❍♌☜vt.记起；牢记vi.记得，记起remind【同缀】041 / ❑♓❍♋♓⏹♎vt.提醒，使想起remission^ / ❑♓❍♓☞☜⏹n. 宽恕，赦免remnant*【同源】037 / ❑♏❍⏹☜⏹♦n．残余物，零头布料remote【同源】041【对应】020/ ❑♓❍☜◆♦ a.遥远的；偏僻的removal【同缀】034【同缀】041 / ❑♓❍◆☜●n.拿走，搬走；除掉；撤职remove【同源】041【同义】040/ ❑♓❍◆n.消除，去掉；搬走，运走；搬迁renaissance*【义类】108 / ❑☜⏹♏♓♦☜⏹♦n.文艺复兴，文艺复兴时期；新生，复兴render / ❑♏⏹♎☜vt.使变得；给予；翻译；表演，演奏renew【同义】083 / ❑♓⏹◆v.继续，重新开始；使更新，更换renewal^ / ❑♓⏹◆☜●n.更新，换新renewed^ / adj. 更新的, 重建的, 复兴的, 重申的renowned^ / ❑♓⏹♋◆⏹♎ a.有名望的，声誉鹊起的rent【对应】014 / ❑♏⏹♦n.租金vt.租用；出租vi.出租repair【同源】045【同义】083/ ❑♓☐☪☜vt.修理；补救n.修理，修补；维修状况repay* / ❑♓☐♏♓v.还钱给(某人)，偿还；报答repeat【同源】056 / ❑♓☐♓♦vt.重说；重复；背诵vi.重述n.重复；重播repeatedly【对应】005【义类】022/ ❑♓☐♓♦♓♎●♓ a.反复地，再三地repel* / ❑♓☐♏●vt.拒绝；使厌恶repertoire* / ❑♏☐☜♦♦n．（剧团等）常备剧目repetition【同源】056 / ❑♏☐♓♦♓☞☜⏹n.重复，反复replace【同缀】041 / ❑♓☐●♏♓♦v.代替；把…放回原处；归还replacement / ❑♓☐●♏♓♦❍☜⏹♦n.替代；替代物replenish^ 【同源】067 / ❑♓☐●♏⏹♓☞v. 补充，再装满replete^ / ❑♓☐●♓♦adj. 饱满的，塞满的reply【同源】067【同义】012/ ❑♓☐●♋♓n.回答，答复report【同源】057 / ❑♓☐♦vt.&n.报告，报道；汇报vi.报到；报告reporter / ❑♓☐♦☜n.记者，新闻广播员reprehensible^ / ❑♏☐❑♓♒♏⏹♦☜♌●adj. 应斥责的,应该谴责的represent / ❑♏☐❑♓♏⏹♦vt.代表；象征；描绘，说明；声称representative【同义】052 / ❑♏☐❑♓♏⏹♦☜♦♓n.代表a.代表性的；代理的repression* / ❑♓☐❑♏☞☜⏹n. 抑制,抑压,制止repressive^ / ❑♓☐❑♏♦♓adj. 镇压的，残酷的reprint^ / ❑♓☐❑♓⏹♦n. 再版,翻版,重印vt. 再版,翻版reproach*【对应】002 / ❑♓☐❑☜◆♦☞n．谴责，责骂reproduce / ❑♓☐❑☜♎◆♦v.使再生；复制；生殖reproduction^ / ❑♓☐❑☜♎✈☞☜⏹n.复制；重现；复制品republic【略截】011【同源】052【义类】101/ ❑♓☐✈♌●♓n.共和国，共和政体republican / ❑♓☐✈♌●♓☜⏹ a.共和政体的n.共和党人repudiate^ / ❑♓☐◆♎♓♏♓♦v. 离婚,抛弃,拒绝履行,拒付repudiation^ / ❑♓☐◆♎♓♏♓☞☜⏹n. 抛弃,否认,拒付repugnance^ / ❑♓☐✈♑⏹☜⏹♦n. 嫌恶，反感repugnant^ / ❑♓☐✈♑⏹☜⏹♦adj. 令人厌恶的 reputation【同义】044 / ❑♏☐◆☎✆♦♏♓☞☜⏹n.名声；好名声，声望reputed^【同义】044 / ❑♓☐◆♦♓♎ a. 名誉好的,被称为...的,有...名气的request【同源】051【同义】015 / ❑♓♦♏♦♦n./vt.请求；需要require【同源】051【同义】015 / ❑♓♦♋♓☜vt.要求，需求requirement【同缀】032【同源】051【同义】015/ ❑♓♦♋♓☜❍☜⏹♦n.要求，需求rescue【对应】040 / ❑♏♦◆vt./n.救援research / ❑♓♦☜♦☞n./vi.探讨，研究resemblance^ / ❑♓♏❍♌●☜⏹♦n. 相似，相像 resemblance* / ❑♓♏❍♌●☜⏹♦n.相似，相似性resemble / ❑♓♏❍♌●vt.类似，象resent*【同义】011 / ❑♓♏⏹♦vt.愤恨，憎恶，怨恨reservation / ❑♏☜♏♓☞☜⏹n.保留(条件)；预定reserve【同源】062 / ❑♓☜vt.储备；预定n.储备(物)；保留地；节制reserved^ / adj. 说话不多的,隐讳的,缄默的,冷淡的,性格孤独的reservoir【易错】028【同源】062 / ❑♏☜♦♋n.水库，蓄水池resid^ / ❑♓♓♎n. 残油reside*【义类】055 / ❑♓♋♓♎vi.居住，驻扎；属于residence【同缀】044【同源】047 / ❑♏♓♎☜⏹♦n.住处，住宅；居住居留；居住期间resident【同缀】044【同源】047【义类】047/ ❑♏♓♎☜⏹♦n.居民；住院医生a.居住的，住宅的residential* / ❑♏♓♎♏⏹☞☜● a.居住的resign【同缀】041 / ❑♓♋♓⏹v.辞职；辞去，放弃；使顺从resilience^ / ❑♓♓●♓☜⏹♦n. 弹回,有弹力,恢复力resist【同源】033 / ❑♓♓♦♦vt.抵抗，反抗resistance【同源】033 / ❑♓♓♦♦☜⏹♦n.阻力，抵抗；电阻resistant / ❑♓♓♦♦☜⏹♦ a.有抵抗力的resolution【同义】089【义类】043 / ❑♏☜●◆☞☜⏹n.决议(案)；决心，决定resolve【同义】089 / ❑♓●vt.解决；决定；决议；分解n.决心resolved^【义类】043 / ❑♓●♎ a. 下定决心的,断然的resort / ❑♓♦vi.求助于，凭借；常去n.常去之地，胜地resource / ❑♓♦♦n.(pl.)资源，财源；机智，智谋respect【同源】058【对应】038 / ❑♓♦☐♏♦n.尊敬；关心；方面vt.尊敬；考虑respectability^ / ❑♓♦☐♏♦☜♌♓●☜♦♓ n. (在社会上的)正正当当; 体面，威望respectable^ / ❑♓♦☐♏♦☜♌● a.体面的；高尚的respective【同源】058【同义】082 / ❑♓♦☐♏♦♓ a.各自的respectively【同源】058【同义】082/ ❑♓♦☐♏♦♓●♓ad.独自地；个别的，分别的respond【同义】012 / ❑♓♦☐⏹♎vi.回答；响应，反应response【同义】012 / ❑♓♦☐⏹♦n.回答，回应；反应，反响responsibility【同义】012 / ❑♓♦☐⏹♦☜♌♓●♓♦♓n.责任，职责responsible【同义】012 / ❑♓♦☐⏹♦☜♌● a.应负责的，有责任心的rest【同音】017【同形】019【义类】063/ ❑♏♦♦n.剩余部分；其余的人restatement^ / ❑♓♦♦♏♓♦❍☜⏹♦n. 再声明,重述restaurant【易错】027【义类】073/ ❑♏♦♦☜❑⏹♦n.餐馆，饭店restless / ❑♏♦♦●♓♦ a.不安宁的，焦虑的restore【同义】083 / ❑♓♦♦vt.把…恢复原状；归还，交还restrain【同源】065【同义】062 / ❑♓♦♦❑♏♓⏹vt.控制，抑制；阻止restraint【同源】065 / ❑♓♦♦❑♏♓⏹♦n.抑制，克制；克制物restrict【同源】065【同义】062 / ❑♓♦♦❑♓♦vt.限制，约束restricted^ / ❑♓♦♦❑♓♦♓♎ a.限制的，约束的result【对应】016 / ❑♓✈●♦n.结果；答案，答数vi.起因于；导致resultant* / ❑♓✈●♦☜⏹♦ a.合成的；结果的resume【对应】011 / n.摘要；简历resurge^ / ❑♓♦☜♎✞vt. 再起,复活,复生resurgence ^ / ❑♓♦☜♎✞☜⏹♦n. 再起,复活,再现resuscitate^ / ❑♓♦✈♦♓♦♏♓♦v. 使复活，使苏醒retail【同缀】017【同义】022 / ❑♓♦♏♓●n.零售v.零售a.零售的retain【同源】020【同义】062/ ❑♓♦♏♓⏹vt.保留，保持；挡住；聘retention* / ❑♓♦♏⏹☞⏹n．保留，保持retire / ❑♓♦♋♓☜vi.退休，退职；退下，离开；隐居，隐退retiring^ / ❑♓♦♋♓❑♓☠adj. 隐居的，不喜社交的 retort*【同义】012 / ❑♓♦♦v.反驳，顶嘴retreat / ❑♓♦❑♓♦n.撤退，退却；安静的地方v.撤退，退却retrieve* / ❑♓♦❑♓vt.重新得到，取回；挽回，补救；检索retrospect^【同源】058 / ❑♏♦❑☜♦☐♏♦n. 反顾，回顾 retrospect* / ❑♏♦❑☜♦☐♏♦n．反顾，回顾return / ❑♓♦☜⏹vi./n.回去；还vt.归还；回报a.回程的reunion* / ❑♓◆⏹☜⏹n.再结合，再合并；(亲友的)重聚reveal / ❑♓♓●vt.显示，显露；泄露，揭发revealed^ / v. 显示,透露adj. 被揭露的revelation* / ❑♏♓●♏♓☞☜⏹n.揭示，透露；被揭示的真相，新发现revenge*【对应】029 / ❑♓♏⏹♎✞n.复仇vt.替…报仇revenue / ❑♏♓⏹◆n.税收reverberate^ / ❑♏☜♌☜❑♏♓♦v. 起回声，反响 reverse【同源】070 / ❑♓☜♦v.颠倒，倒转；使倒退n./a.颠倒(的) revert^ / ❑♓☜♦v.恢复review【同源】059/ ❑♓◆vt./n.回顾，审视；复飞；评论vi.评论revile^ / ❑♓♋♓●v. 辱骂，恶言相问revise【同源】059 / ❑♓♋♓vt.修订，修正；复习revisionist^ / ❑♓♓✞☜⏹♓♦♦n. 修正主义者 a. 修正主义的revitalize^ / ❑♓♋♓♦☜●♋♓v. 使复活，使重新充满活力revive*【同缀】041【同源】014/ ❑♓♋♓v.(使)复活；(使)复兴revolt【同源】060 / ❑♓☜◆●♦v.起义，造反；厌恶，反感n.反抗，造反revolution【同源】060 / ❑♏☜●◆☞☜⏹n.革命，大变革；旋转；周期，循环revolutionary【同缀】015 / ❑♏☜●◆☞☜⏹☜❑♓ a.革命的，大变革的；旋转的n.革命者revolve*【同源】060【同义】014 / ❑♓●v.旋转，转动reward【对应】029【对应】051【同义】053/ ❑♓♦♎n.回报，报答；报酬，酬金vt.报答，酬谢rewarding^ / ❑♓♦♎♓☠adj. 有益的,有所得的,有报酬的rhythm / ❑♓❆☜❍n.节奏，韵律；有规律的循环运动rib【义类】031 / ❑♓♌n.肋骨ribaldry^ / ❑♓♌●♎❑♓n. 下流,猥亵的话ribbon / ❑♓♌☜⏹n.条带，带子rice【义类】082 / ❑♋♓♦n.稻米，米饭rich / ❑♓♦☞ a.富有的；丰富的；肥沃的n.(pl.)财富rid【对应】048【对应】061【同义】40/ ❑♓♎vt.使摆脱，使排除ride【对应】013【对应】061/ ❑♋♓♎n.乘车，骑马v.乘，骑ridge / ❑♓♎✞n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭ridiculous / ❑♓♎♓◆●☜♦ a.荒谬的，可笑的rifle【同音】027 / ❑♋♓♐●n.步枪，来福枪rig* / ❑♓♑v．欺骗，舞弊，伪造right【同音】017【易错】025【复混】005【对应】039/ ❑♋♓♦ a.右边的；正确的n.右；权利ad.对righteousness^ / ❑♋♓♦☞☜♦⏹♓♦n.正直；正当；正义rigid【对应】024 / ❑♓♎✞♓♎ a.僵硬的，刻板的；严格的rigor^ / ❑♓♑☜n. 严厉，酷厉rigorous* / ❑♓♑☜❑☜♦ a.严格的，严厉的；严酷的rim*【对应】061 / ❑♓❍n.(圆形物的)边缘n.镶边于，加边于ring【同音】017【同形】019 / ❑♓☠n.电话；铃声vt.打电话vi.按铃riot / ❑♋♓☜♦n.骚乱，暴动vi.闹事，骚乱rip* / ❑♓☐v.撕扯，撕破ripe / ❑♋♓☐ a.成熟的rise【对应】004【对应】013【义类】063/ ❑♋♓n.升高；上涨vi.上升，上涨；起床risk【对应】040【同义】109 / ❑♓♦n./vt.(冒)风险risky ^ / ❑♓♦♓ a.危险的，冒险的ritual* / ❑♓♦◆☜● a.宗教仪式的，典礼的n.仪式；例行公事rival【同义】041 / ❑♋♓☜●n.竞争对手a.竞争的vt.与…竞争rivalry* / ❑♋♓☜●❑♓n.竞争，对抗，抗衡river【义类】009 / ❑♓☜n.江，河riveting^ / adj. 非常动听的，令人着迷的road【略截】012【对应】013【同义】084/ ❑☜◆♎n.道路，途径roar【同义】091 / ❑vi.吼叫；轰隆震响；呼喊(声)roast【对应】063【义类】070/ ❑☜◆♦♦v.烘烤a.烘烤的n.一大块烤肉rob【对应】061 / ❑♌vt.抢劫；非法剥夺，使丧失robot / ❑☜◆♌♦n.机器人robust* / ❑☜◆♌✈♦♦ a.强健的，茁壮的；坚定的，紧张的rock【义类】121 / ❑n.岩石；摇摆vt.摇动；使震惊vi.摇动rocket【义类】004【义类】105/ ❑♓♦n.火箭，由火箭推进的导弹，烟火rocky^【同缀】026 / ❑♓ a. 岩石的,多石的,摇晃的,摇动的,无情的rod / ❑♎n.棍，棒role【同音】017 / ❑☜◆●n.角色；作用，任务roll【同音】017【同源】060 / ❑☜◆●vi.卷；摇晃vt.使滚动；使摇摆n.卷；名册roller【同源】060 / ❑☜◆●☜n.滚筒，卷轴；压路机romance* / ❑☜◆❍✌⏹♦n.传奇，爱情故事；浪漫文学romance^ / ❑☜◆❍✌⏹♦n.传奇故事；爱情故事；罗曼史romantic / ❑☜◆❍✌⏹♦♓ a.罗曼蒂克的；多情的；不切实际的roof【义类】058 / ❑◆♐n.顶，房顶，屋脊room【略截】012【复混】005【同义】076/ ❑◆❍ ❑◆❍n.房间；空间；余地root【同音】017【同义】040 / ❑◆♦n.根，根源vi.生根rope / ❑☜◆☐n.绳子，索；一串(珠宝)；吊刑，绞刑rose【同形】019【义类】128/ ❑☜◆n.玫瑰，蔷薇；玫瑰色，玫瑰红rot*【同义】085 / ❑♦v.(使)腐烂，(使)堕落rotary*【同源】060 / ❑☜◆♦☜❑♓ a.旋转的rotate【同源】060【同义】014 / ❑☜◆♦♏♓♦v.(使)旋转；(使)轮流，(使)循环rotten / ❑♦⏹ a.腐烂的，腐朽的；讨厌的，令人不快的rough【易错】011【对应】024【同义】094/ ❑✈♐ a.表面粗糙的；粗野的；大致的ad.粗暴地round【同义】014 / ❑♋◆⏹♎ a.圆的prep.围着ad.在周围v.使成圆形rouse / ❑♋◆vt.唤醒，惊醒；激发起route【同音】017 / ❑◆♦n.路线；航程routine【易错】021 / ❑◆♦♓⏹ a.例行的；平淡的n.例行公事row【同形】019 / ❑☜◆n.(一)排v.划(船) n.吵架，口角royal【同源】055 / ❑♓☜● a.皇家的，王室的；盛大的，堂皇的royalty* / ❑♓☜●♦♓n.皇室，特许权rub【义类】063 / ❑✈♌v.擦，摩擦；擦亮n.擦，磨rubber / ❑✈♌☜n./a.橡胶(的)，橡皮rubbish【同义】038【同义】085 / ❑✈♌♓☞n.垃圾，废物；废话，胡说八道rude【对应】024 / ❑◆♎ a.粗糙的；粗鲁的；猛烈的rudimentary^ / ❑◆♎♓❍♏⏹♦☜❑♓adj. 初步的，未充分发展的rug【对应】062 / ❑✈♑n.小地毯；毛毯ruin【同义】021 / ❑◆♓⏹vt./vi.毁灭；(使)破产n.毁灭；(pl.)废墟ruined^ / ❑◆♓⏹♎ a.破坏的；毁坏的rule【对应】054/ ❑◆●vt./vi.统治；裁决n.规则；习惯；支配ruler【义类】050【义类】095/ ❑◆●☜n.统治者；尺子，直尺rumor / ❑◆❍☜n.谣言，谣传；传说rumour / ❑◆❍☜n.谣言，传闻run【义类】062 / ❑✈⏹vi.跑；(车辆)行驶vt.跑过n.(赛)跑rupture*【同源】015 / ❑✈☐♦☞☜n．v．破裂，断裂rural / ❑◆☜❑☜● a.农村的，乡村的rush【同义】050【同义】098 / ❑✈☞v.赶忙；催促n.冲；急忙；急流rust / ❑✈♦♦n.锈v.生锈；(脑子)衰退sabotage^【易错】014 / ♦✌♌☜♦✞n.故意毁坏，故意破坏，阴谋sack【同义】017 / ♦✌n.袋；解雇；床vt.解雇；掠夺sacred* / ♦♏♓❑♓♎ a.神圣的，宗教的；严肃的，郑重的sacrifice / ♦✌❑♓♐♋♓♦n.牺牲(品)；祭祀vt.牺牲；祭祀vi.祭祀sad【同义】086 / ♦✌♎ a.悲伤的，忧愁的saddle【同缀】031 / ♦✌♎●n.(马、自行车等的)鞍vt.给(马等)装鞍safe【对应】012【对应】040【对应】058/ ♦♏♓♐ a.安全的n.保险箱safeguard^【对应】040 / ♦♏♓♐♑♋♎v.维护n.安全装置，安全措施safeguard* / ♦♏♓♐♑♋♎vt.维护，捍卫n.安全措施safety【对应】012【对应】040/ ♦♏♓♐♦♓n.安全sail【同音】018 / ♦♏♓●n.帆；风车翼板v.航行，乘船旅行；启航sailor / ♦♏♓●☜n.水手，海员saint【略截】013 / ♦♏♓⏹♦n.圣人；(略作St.，用于人、地名前)圣…sake【同义】019 / ♦♏♓n.缘故，理由salad【同音】023 / ♦✌●☜♎n.色拉，凉拌菜salary【同缀】021【义类】053/ ♦✌●☜❑♓n.薪金，工资sale【同音】018【对应】013【同义】022/ ♦♏♓●n.出售，卖；贱卖；(pl.)销售额salesman【义类】052 / ♦♏♓●❍☜⏹n.售货员salt【义类】117 / ♦●♦n.盐，氯化钠vt.腌，加盐salute* / ♦☜●◆♦vt./vi.招呼，敬礼n.招呼，敬礼salvation^ / ♦✌●♏♓☞☜⏹n. 得救，拯救salvation* / ♦✌●♏♓☞☜⏹n.拯救，救助same / ♦♏♓❍ a.相同的pron.同样的人或事sample【同缀】020【对应】053/ ♦♋❍☐●n.样品，标本vt.抽样检查sanction / ♦✌☠☞☜⏹n.认可，许可；支持，赞成；制裁，处罚sand / ♦✌⏹♎n.沙；(pl.)沙滩vt.(尤指用沙纸)磨光sandwich【同音】023 / ♦✌⏹♦♓♎✞n.三明治，夹肉面包v.夹入，挤进sarcastic^ / ♦♋✌♦♦♓adj. 讽刺的,讥讽的,辛辣的sartorial^ / ♦♦❑♓☜●adj. 裁缝匠的,缝工的,裁缝的satellite【义类】003【义类】004 / ♦✌♦☜●♋♓♦n.卫星，人造卫星；卫星国satisfaction【对应】023 / ♦✌♦♓♦♐✌☞☜⏹n.满足，满意satisfactory【对应】023 / ♦✌♦♓♦♐✌♦☜❑♓ a.满意的，满足的satisfy【同缀】040 / ♦✌♦♓♦♐♋♓vt.满足，满意；符合satisfying^ / ♦✌♦♓♦♐♋♓♓☠ a.令人满意的saturate* / ♦✌♦☞☜❑♏♓♦vt.浸透，浸湿；使饱和Saturday【略截】013【义类】020 / ♦✌♦☜♎♓n.星期六sauce【同音】018 / ♦♦n.调味品，酱油saucer【同缀】048 / ♦♦☜n.碟状物，茶碟sausage / ♦♦♓♎✞n.香肠，腊肠savage* / ♦✌♓♎✞n.野人vt.凶猛地攻击a.野蛮的；凶猛的save【对应】012【对应】040/ ♦♏♓v.拯救；储蓄；保留；节省prep.除了saving / ♦♏♓♓☠n.节省，节约；(pl.)储蓄金，存款saw【同形】020 / ♦n.锯子v.锯开say【同义】097【义类】064 / ♦♏♓v.说；说明n.发言，意见；发言权scale【复混】012【同义】028/ ♦♏♓●n.刻度；(pl.)天平vt.攀登；按比例绘制scan / ♦✌⏹n.浏览，扫描v.浏览，扫描scandal / ♦✌⏹♎●n.丑闻，丑事scar* / ♦♋n.疤(痕) vt.使留下伤疤scarce / ♦☪☜♦ a.稀少的，不足的scarcely【对应】025 / ♦☪☜♦●♓ad.几乎不；刚刚scare / ♦☪☜n.惊恐，恐慌vt.惊吓，吓唬scarred^ / adj. 留下伤痕的scatter【对应】048【对应】051【同义】037/ ♦✌♦☜v.驱散；散开，撒开scattered^ / adj. 零落的scene【对应】041 / ♦♓⏹n.风景，场景；(戏)一场scenery【对应】041 / ♦♓⏹☜❑♓n.风景，景色scent*【同音】004【同音】018【义类】038/ ♦♏⏹♦n.气味，香气；香水scent^ / ♦♏⏹♦n.气味，香味；香水vt.嗅出，闻到，怀疑有skeptical* / ♦♏☐♦♓☜● a.怀疑的，怀疑论的schedule【同义】079/ ☞♏♎◆●n.计划；时刻表；一览表vt.预定；制作…表schematic^ / ♦♓❍✌♦♓adj. 扼要的，图解的scheme / ♦♓❍n.计划，方案；阴谋v.计划；密谋schism^ / ♦♓☜❍n. 分裂,分立,宗派分立罪scholar【同缀】047 / ♦●☜n.学者；持奖学金的人scholarship【同缀】025【义类】092/ ♦●☜☞♓☐n.奖学金；学问，学识school【义类】091 / ♦◆●n.学校；学派；上学；(鱼等的)群science【同义】064 / ♦♋♓☜⏹♦n.科学，学科scientific / ♦♋♓☜⏹♦♓♐♓ a.科学的scientist / ♦♋♓☜⏹♦♓♦♦n.科学家scintillating^ / adj．才气横溢的,闪闪发光的; 闪烁的scissors【同源】003【义类】068 / ♦♓☜n.剪子scoff^ / ♦♐v. 嘲笑；狼吞虎咽scold【同义】087 / ♦☜◆●♎v.责骂，申斥scope / ♦☜◆☐n.范围；理解力(范围)；发展余地score 【义类】023【义类】094 / ♦v.记录；记号n.分数；二十；记号scorn* / ♦⏹n．v．轻蔑、瞧不起scourge^ / ♦☜♎✞n./ v. 鞭笞，磨难scout / ♦♋◆♦n.侦察员；童子军v.侦察，搜索scramble* / ♦❑✌❍♌●n.攀，爬vi.攀登；搅乱，使混乱scrap*【对应】061【同义】074/ ♦❑✌☐n.小片，碎片vt.废弃scrape【对应】061 / ♦❑♏♓☐v./n.刮, 擦scratch / ♦❑✌♦☞vt.搔；勾销n.抓，搔；抓伤，擦伤scream【同义】091 / ♦❑♓❍vi.尖叫n.尖叫；引起捧腹大笑的人screen【义类】088 / ♦❑♓⏹n.屏风；屏(银)幕vt.掩蔽；选拔screw / ♦❑◆n.螺丝；螺旋桨v.拧紧；旋紧script / ♦❑♓☐♦n.剧本(原稿)；手稿，原稿；笔迹，手迹scrub* / ♦❑✈♌n.&vt.擦洗，擦净scruple^ / ♦❑◆☐●n.(常用复数)顾虑，顾忌；良心上的不安scrutiny* / ♦❑◆♦⏹♓n.细阅；仔细的查验，详尽的研究sculpture*【义类】086 / ♦✈●☐♦☞☜n.雕塑sea【同音】018【义类】009 / ♦♓n.海，洋；大量seal【同形】020【同义】099 / ♦♓●n.封条；图章vt.密封；盖章于n.海豹seam*【同音】018 / ♦♓❍n.接缝；狭长煤层search【对应】041 / ♦☜♦☞v.搜，搜索n.搜索，寻找season / ♦♓⏹n.季节；当令期，旺季vt.加调味品seasoned^ / ♦♓⏹♎ a. 经验丰富的,老练的seat【对应】013 / ♦♓♦n.座位，座席vt.使入座，使就座second【对应】064【同义】049【义类】018/ ♦♏☜⏹♎num.第二a.第二的n.第二人/物；秒；片刻secondary【同缀】021【对应】008 / ♦♏☜⏹♎☜❑♓ a.次要的；中级的；继发性的；第二期的secret【同源】061 / ♦♓❑♓♦ a.秘密的n.秘密；秘诀secretary【同缀】021【同源】061【义类】049 / ♦♏❑☜♦❑♓n.秘书，书记；部长，大臣sectarianism^ / ⏹♓☜❍n. 宗派心,派系意识[主义],门户之见section【同义】070【同义】074 / ♦♏☞☜⏹n.节，段，部分；科室；截面，剖视图sector / ♦♏♦☜n.(尤指商业或贸易)部门；扇形面secular^ / ♦♏◆●☜ a.现世的，世俗的；非宗教的secure【对应】040【对应】054【同义】051/ ♦♓◆☜ a.安全的，牢靠的vt.得到；使安全security / ♦♓◆☜❑♓♦♓n.安全seduce^【同源】035【同义】016/ ♦♓♎◆♦v. 怂恿,瞒骗,引诱,诱奸seductive^ / ♦♓♎✈♦♓adj. 诱人的、有魅力的see【同音】018【对应】041 / ♦♓vt.看；明白；经历vi.理解seed / ♦♓♎n.种子；根源v.给…播种；结籽seek【对应】041 / ♦♓v.寻找，寻求；试图，力图；请求，要求seem【同音】018 / ♦♓❍vi.似乎，好象seemingly*【同缀】023 / ad.表面上；看来segment【同义】074 / ♦♏♑❍☜⏹♦n.部分，片，段vt.分割segregate* / ♦♏♑❑♓♑♏♓♦v.(使)分离，(使)隔离segregate^ / ♦♏♑❑♓♑♏♓♦vt.隔开；分离seize【易错】029【对应】048/ ♦♓vt.抢占；抓住；攻击vi.(on,upon)利用seldom【对应】025【义类】022/ ♦♏●♎☜❍ad.很少select【同源】017【同义】026/ ♦♓●♏♦vt.选择，挑选a.选择的，精选的selection【同义】026 / ♦♓●♏☞☜⏹n.选择，精选的人或物selective^ / ♦♓●♏♦♓ a.选择的；淘汰的selectively^ / ad.有选择地self / ♦♏●♐n.自己，本身；私心selfish / ♦♏●♐♓☞ a.自私的selfishly^ / ♦♏●♐♓☞●♓ad. 自私地,自我中心地,任性地sell【同音】018【对应】013【同义】022/ ♦♏●vt.卖，出售；出卖，背叛vi.卖，销售semester / ♦☜❍♏♦♦☜n.学期semiconductor / ♦♏❍♓☜⏹♎✈♦☜n.半导体seminar / ♦♏❍♓⏹♋n.研究小组，研讨会，(大学的)研究班senate / ♦♏⏹♓♦n.参议院；立法机构senator / ♦♏⏹☜♦☜n.参议员，上议员send【同义】053 / ♦♏⏹♎vt.送；派遣；促使vi.寄信；派人senior【对应】054【义类】046【义类】092/ ♦♓⏹☜ a.年长的；资格老的n.长辈；上级，上司sensation*【同缀】033 / ♦♏⏹♦♏♓☞☜⏹n.感觉，知觉；轰动，引起轰动的人或物sensational^ / ♦♏⏹♦♏♓☞☜⏹●adj. 耸人听闻的，轰动的 sense / ♦♏⏹♦n.意思；感觉；见识；意识vt.觉得senseless^【同缀】054 / ♦♏⏹♦●♓♦ a.愚蠢的，无意义的；无感觉的，无知觉的sensible【对应】039 / ♦♏⏹♦☜♌● a.明理的，明智的sensibly^ / ♦♏⏹♦☜♌●♓ad. 容易感知地,有常识地,聪明地sensitive / ♦♏⏹♦♓♦♓ a.敏感的，灵敏的；易怒的sentence / ♦♏⏹♦☜⏹♦n.句子；宣判，判决vt.宣判，判决sentiment*【同义】073 / ♦♏⏹♦♓❍☜⏹♦n.伤感；感情，情绪separate【同缀】042【同源】045【对应】017【对应】054/ ♦♏☐☜❑♏♓♦ ♦♏☐☜❑♓♦vt.使分开；区分vi.分离 a.不同的；单独的September【略截】013【义类】019/ ♦♏☐♦♏❍♌☜n.九月sequence【同义】104 / ♦♓♦☜⏹♦n.连续，系列；次序，顺序sequentially^ / ♦♓♦♏⏹☞☜●♓ad. 继续地,从而sergeant*【对应】054【义类】104 / ♦♋♎✞☜⏹♦n.警官；中士serial* / ♦♓☜❑♓☜●n. 序列,连载小说series / ♦♓☜❑♓n.系列，序列serious【义类】043 / ♦♓☜❑♓☜♦ a.严肃的；严重的；认真的servant【同缀】044【同源】062【对应】054 / ♦☜☜⏹♦n.仆人，雇员serve【同源】062 / ♦☜v.服务；服役；招待vi.服役，任职service【同缀】043【同源】062【同义】058 / ♦☜♓♦n.服务；服侍；服役；维修；保养session【同音】018【同源】047 / ♦♏☞☜⏹n.会议；一次开会(或开庭)；一段时间set【对应】013【对应】063【同义】013【同义】085【同义】088/ ♦♏♦vt.放；调整vi.(日、月等)落下；凝结setback* / ♦♏♦♌✌n.退步；挫折，挫败setting / ♦♏♦♓☠n.环境，背景；安装，装置settle【同缀】031【同义】089/ ♦♏♦●vt.解决；支付vi.定居；下沉settled^ / ♦♏♦♓♎ a.固定的；稳定的settlement【同义】089 / ♦♏♦●❍☜⏹♦n.解决；移民，定居；清偿，结算seven / ♦♏♏⏹num.七seventeen / ♦♏☜⏹♦♓⏹num.十七seventy / ♦♏⏹♦♓num.七十several / ♦♏❑☜● a.几个，若干severe【义类】043 / ♦♓♓☜ a.严重的；严厉的；激烈的，困难的sew【同音】018 / ♦☜◆v.缝纫sex / ♦♏♦n.性别；性sexual / ♦♏♦◆☜● a.性别的；性欲的，性的shabby* / ☞✌♌♓adj. 疑心；怀疑shade【对应】051 / ☞♏♓♎n.荫凉处；遮光物vt.遮避vi.(色彩等)渐变shadow【对应】051 / ☞✌♎☜◆n.阴影；暗处shaft* / ☞♋♐♦n.轴，杆状物；竖井，坑道；一线光shake【同义】106 / ☞♏♓v.震动；颤抖；握手n.摇动，震动，抖动shall / ☞✌● ☞☜●aux.v.将，会；必须shallow / ☞✌●☜◆ a.浅的；肤浅的n.(pl.)浅滩shame【对应】061 / ☞♏♓❍n.耻辱，羞愧；可耻的人或物vt.使羞愧shamelessly^ / ☞♏♓❍●♓♦●♓ad.不知羞耻地，不谦虚地shape / ☞♏♓☐n.形状；情况vt.使成形，塑造；实现share / ☞☪☜vt.分享，分给n.部分；股份；分担shark* / ☞♋n.鲨鱼sharp / ☞♋☐ a.锐利的；强烈的；敏锐的ad.正好，恰sharpen^ / ☞♋☐☜⏹vt.磨利，磨尖shatter*【对应】051 / ☞✌♦☜vt.使粉碎，使破灭vi.破碎，粉碎shave / ☞♏♓vt.剃，刮，削，修面，刮脸n.刮脸she / ☞♓ ☞♓pron.她shed【同形】020【义类】056/ ☞♏♎vt.脱落，脱去；流(泪、血)；(散)发出sheep【义类】122 / ☞♓☐n.羊，绵羊sheer【同音】018/ ☞♓☜ a.纯粹的；陡峭的；轻的ad.垂直地sheet / ☞♓♦n.张，片，页；被单shelf【易错】019 / ☞♏●♐n.架子shell / ☞♏●n.外壳，甲；炮弹shelter / ☞♏●♦☜n.掩蔽处；掩蔽，保护vt.庇护vi.躲避shepherd*【义类】083 / ☞♏☐☜♎n.牧民，牧羊人shield / ☞♓●♎n.盾；护板vt.保护，防护shift / ☞♓♐♦v.变换，转换；变(速) n.转变；轮班shine【同义】090【义类】115/ ☞♋♓⏹vi.发光，发亮vt.擦亮n.光泽ship【义类】097 / ☞♓☐vt.用船装运shipment* / ☞♓☐❍☜⏹♦n.装货，装船；装载的货物，装货量shirt【对应】051【义类】066/ ☞☜♦n.衬衫shiver【同义】106 / ☞♓☜vi./n.冷颤，颤抖shock / ☞n.震动；震惊；休克；电击vt.使震惊shoddy^ / ☞♎♓n. 劣质的，冒充好货的shoe / ☞◆n.鞋shoot / ☞◆♦v.射击；疾驰而过；发芽；发射,拍摄n.嫩枝shop / ☞☐n.商店；工场，车间v.购买shore【同义】092【义类】009/ ☞n.岸，岸边；陆short【对应】030 / ☞♦ a.短的，短暂的；矮的，低的；缺乏的shortage【同缀】030 / ☞♦♓♎✞n.不足，短缺shortcoming【同义】045 / ☞♦✈❍♓☠n.缺点，短处shortly【义类】021 / ☞♦●♓ad.立即，不久；简洁地shot / ☞♦n.射击；投篮；炮弹；拍摄镜头should / ☞◆♎ ☞☜♎aux.v.应该；将会；万一；竟然会shoulder / ☞☜◆●♎☜n.肩vt.承担，肩负shout【同义】091 / ☞♋◆♦v.大声叫，喊，呼出n.呼喊，叫shove*【对应】035 / ☞✈v.推，推挤n.猛推，挤，撞show【对应】042【义类】088/ ☞☜◆n.表演；展览(物) vt.出示；带领vi.显现shower / ☞☜◆☜ ☞♋◆☜n.&vi.(下)阵雨；(冲)淋浴vt.浇；倾注shrewd* / ☞❑◆♎ a.聪明的，精明的；诡诈的，滑头的shrink / ☞❑♓⏹vi.萎缩，收缩；缩小，减少shrub* / ☞❑✈♌n.灌木shrug / ☞❑✈♑n.&v.耸肩shut【对应】011【同义】040 / ☞✈♦v.关(闭)；闭上，停业shutter*【同缀】048 / ☞✈♦☜n.百叶窗；(相机)快门shuttle*【同缀】031【义类】004 / ☞✈♦●n.航天飞机；梭子v.往返移动shy / ☞♋♓ a.害羞的；胆怯的sick【易错】030【同义】060 / ♦♓ a.生病的；恶心的；厌倦的，不耐烦的side【同义】058【同义】092 / ♦♋♓♎n.(旁)边；方面，性质vi.站在…的一边sideways / ♦♋♓♎♦♏♓ad.&a.斜向一边(的)，侧身(的)siege* / ♦♓♎✞n.围攻，包围sieve* / ♦♓n．筛，滤杓v．筛出、滤出sigh【拟声】021【易错】030 / ♦♋♓n.叹息vi.叹气sight【同音】018【易错】025【同缀】051【对应】041// ♦♋♓♦n.视力；看见；情景；(pl.)风景sightseeing / n.观光，游览sign【同义】093 / ♦♋♓⏹n.符号；标牌；征兆v.签(署)signal【同义】093/ ♦♓♑⏹☜●n.信号；导致…的行动vi.发信号，通讯signature【同义】093 / ♦♓♑⏹♓♦☞☜n.签名，签字significance【同源】027 / ♦♓♑⏹♓♐♓☜⏹♦n.意义；重要性significant【同源】027【同义】093【同义】114 / ♦♓♑⏹♓♐♓☜⏹♦ a.有意义的，意味深长的；重要的，重大的signify*【同义】093 / ♦♓♑⏹♓♐♋♓vt.表示，意味着silence【同义】096【义类】037 / ♦♋♓●☜⏹♦n.寂静；沉默，无言vt.使沉默，使安静silent【同义】096【义类】037/ ♦♋♓●☜⏹♦ a.沉默的，无言的；安静的，不吵闹的silicon*【义类】121 / ♦♓●♓☜⏹n.硅(旧名矽)silk【义类】066 / ♦♓●n.丝，绸silly / ♦♓●♓n.傻的，糊涂的silver / ♦♓●☜n.银，银器vt.镀银similar【同缀】021 / ♦♓❍♓●☜ a.类似的，相似的similarly / ♦♓❍♓●☜●♓ad.相同地，同样地simple / ♦♓❍☐● a.朴素的；简易的；纯真的；完全的simplicity / ♦♓❍☐●♓♦♓♦♓n.简单；朴素；纯真；无知simplify【同缀】040 / ♦♓❍☐●♓♐♋♓vt.简化simply【同义】071 / ♦♓❍☐●♓ad.仅仅，只；简直，完全；简单地，简易地simulate* / ♦♓❍◆●♏♓♦v．假装，模仿simulation^ / ♦♓❍◆●♏♓☞☜⏹n. 模拟,伪装,模仿simultaneous* / ♦♓❍☜●♦♏♓⏹☜♦ a.同时的，同时存在的sin【易错】030【对应】023【对应】061【同义】056/ ♦♓⏹n.罪孽vi.犯罪since【同义】019 / ♦♓⏹♦prep.自从…以来conj.既然，因为ad.后来sincere【同义】080【义类】043 / ♦♓⏹♦♓☜ a.诚恳的，真诚的sing【略截】013【对应】013【对应】062【义类】087/ ♦♓☠v.唱，歌唱；嗡嗡作响，鸣响；吟咏，歌颂single【同义】071 / ♦♓☠♑● a.单一的；单人的n.单程票singular【同缀】021【同义】071 / ♦♓☠♑◆●☜n.单数a.独特的；非凡的；单数的singularity^ / ♦♓☠♑◆●✌❑♓♦♓n. 卓越，奇异sink【对应】021【对应】059 / ♦♓☠v.(使)下沉；降低n.(厨房中的)洗涤槽sip*【义类】060 / ♦♓☐n.啜饮，呷，啜v.一呷之量sir【对应】054 / ♦☜n.先生；(S-)(用于姓名前)…爵士sister【义类】045 / ♦♓♦♦☜n.姐，妹sit【同源】047【对应】013【对应】061【义类】063/ ♦♓♦v.坐下；使坐下site【同音】018【对应】061 / ♦♋♓♦n.所在地，场所vt.使处于某处situated* / a.坐落(某处)，位于…的situation / ♦♓♦◆♏♓☞☜⏹n.形势，情况；处境，境况；位置，场所six / ♦♓♦num.六sixteen / ♦♓♦♦♓⏹num.十六sixty / ♦♓♦♦♓num.六十size / ♦♋♓n.大小，尺寸；尺码；量，额skate / ♦♏♓♦vi.滑冰n.滑冰；冰鞋skeleton*【义类】031 / ♦♏●♓♦☜⏹n.骨骼，骨架skeptical* / ♦♏☐♦♓●adj．怀疑的sketch【义类】086 / ♦♏♦☞n.草图；概要；短剧vt.写生；概述sketchy^ / ♦♏♦☞♓adj. 写生的,写生风格的,概略的ski / ♦♓n.滑雪板，滑橇vi.滑雪skilful / ♦♓●♐◆● a.灵巧的，熟练的skill / ♦♓●n.技巧，技能；熟练skilled / a.需要技能的；熟练的skillful / ♦♓●♐◆● a.灵巧的，熟练的skim / ♦♓❍vt.浏览，快读；掠过vi.掠过；浏览skin【义类】033 / ♦♓⏹n.皮肤；毛皮；外皮vt.去…的皮skip* / ♦♓☐v.跳；遗漏n.跳跃vt.不参加(会议等) skirt【对应】051【义类】066/ ♦☜♦n.裙子；边缘；(pl.)郊区skull* / ♦✈●n.头盖骨，脑壳sky / ♦♋♓n.天，天空slack* / ♦●✌ a.淡季的，不景气的；萧条n.(pl.)便装裤slam / ♦●✌❍v.砰地关上，砰地放下slap / ♦●✌☐n.耳光，掌击vt.打…一巴掌slash* / ♦●✌☞v.猛砍；大幅度削减(价格、数量等) slaughter*【同义】063 / ♦●♦☜vt.&n.屠杀，屠宰slave / ♦●♏♓n.奴隶vi.做苦工；拼命地干sleep【对应】043【对应】062【义类】061/ ♦●♓☐v./n.睡眠，睡觉sleeve / ♦●♓n.袖子，衣袖；唱片封套slender / ♦●♏⏹♎☜ a.细长的，苗条的；微薄的slice【同义】074 / ♦●♋♓♦n.薄片，(切)片vt.把…切成薄片slick* / ♦●♓ a. 光滑的,熟练的,聪明的,平凡的, slide【义类】062 / ♦●♋♓♎n.滑动；幻灯片v.滑(动)；悄悄溜走slight【易错】025 / ♦●♋♓♦ a.轻微的，微小的；纤细的；脆弱的slightly^ / ♦●♋♓♦●♓ad.轻微地slim / ♦●♓❍ a.苗条的；微少的，不充实地slip【义类】062 / ♦●♓☐vi.滑倒；溜走；犯错误n.失误；滑倒。
心电图Macruz指数检测冠心病左心室收缩功能的初步研究
心电图Macruz指数检测冠心病左心室收缩功能的初步研究倪华;陈清枝;李东野【期刊名称】《江苏实用心电学杂志》【年(卷),期】2007(016)005【摘要】目的利用Macruz指数与经皮穿刺左心室造影(LVA)测得左心室射血分数(LVEF)进行对比相关分析,探讨Macruz指数对冠心病者左心功能不全的诊断价值.方法对37例确诊冠心病者(A组)和16例冠脉造影(CAG)结果正常者(B组)在经皮穿刺LVA前进行心电图检测,计算出Macruz指数;然后应用LVA测量左室舒张末期容量(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容量(LVESV)、计算LVEF,探讨Macruz指数衡量LVEF的可靠性.结果 A、B两组年龄之间无差异;A组的Macruz值显著大于B 组(P＜0.01);A组的LVEF显著小于B组(P＜0.01).Macruz指数与LVA所测LVEF 相关(r=-0.612,P＜0.01);经连续性校正的X2检验,X2=1.455,P＞0.05.结论Macruz指数与LVA 所测LVEF负相关,Macruz指数可以定量评价冠心病左室收缩功能,是估计冠心病者左室收缩功能简单且有价值的指标.【总页数】2页(P349-350)【作者】倪华;陈清枝;李东野【作者单位】214400,无锡,东南大学附属江阴医院;221002,徐州,徐州医学院附属医院;221002,徐州,徐州医学院附属医院【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R540.41;R541.4【相关文献】1.Tei 指数联合心电图、颈动脉超声与冠心病诊断价值研究 [J], 刘光德;刘培中;李深福;陈益彩2.Tei指数联合Macruz指数检测冠心病左室功能的相关研究 [J], 倪华;陈清枝;李东野;王晓萍3.心电图Macruz指数及核素心血池显像对冠心病左室舒张... [J], 林明;谢志淳4.心电图检测中碎裂QRS波诊断冠心病的应用研究 [J], 陈艳;黄巧玲5.冠心病气虚型及血瘀型血液流变学24小时动态心电图及血脂特征的初步研究[J], 易宇明因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
女性生殖系统词汇(Ch-Ru)
输卵管漏斗 卵巢支持韧带
输卵管 卵巢伞 卵巢 子宫 圆韧带 膀胱子宫
膀胱 耻骨联合（耻骨）
耻骨 尿道
阴蒂静脉 阴蒂 G-区 阴蒂头 尿道口
处女膜（根部） 小阴唇 大阴唇
耻骨 阴蒂包皮
阴蒂 尿道外口
尿道腺体外口
阴道前庭
阴道进口 会阴
Мочевой п узырь Лобковое с ращение (с имфиз) Лобок Мочеиспус кательный канал (уре тра) Вена клито ра Тело клито ра G-зона Головка кл итора Мочеиспус кательное отверстие Плева (ост атки) Малые пол овые губы большие п оловые губ ы Лобок Крайняя п лоть клито ра Клитор Наружное отверстие мочеиспус кательного канала Наружное отверстие парауретра льной жел езы Преддвери е влагалищ а Вход во вл агалище Промежно сть
肛门 大阴唇
小阴唇 处女膜 Большие п оловые губ ы Малые пол овые губы Девственн ая плева Вход во вл агалище Наружное отверстие выводного протока ба ртолиново й железы
子宫骶韧带
子宫外膜
直肠子宫窝
直肠 阴道后穹隆
宫颈 阴道前穹隆
简单实用的英文名字
Flynn[flin]男中文拼写：弗林名字含义：红的，红润的名字来源：爱尔兰语，盖尔语Driver['draiv]中中文拼写：德赖弗名字含义：驾驶员，司机名字来源：古英语Forest['frist]男中文拼写：福里斯特名字含义：正在树林里的人，Forrest的异体名字来源：德语Rice[rais]中中文拼写：赖斯名字含义：有力的，Rhys的异体名字来源：盎格鲁—撒克逊语Snow[snu]中文拼写：斯诺名字含义：雪，白皙的肤色名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Cash[k]中文拼写：卡什名字含义：爱慕虚荣者名字来源：英语名字类别：中Case[keis]中文拼写：凯斯名字含义：箱，盒名字来源：英语，法语名字类别：男Ling[li]中文拼写：林名字含义：山坡名字来源：古英语名字类别：Young[jn]中文拼写：杨名字含义：年轻的名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：男Quick[kwik]中文拼写：奎克名字含义：活跃的名字来源：中世纪英语、古英语名字类别：中Sunny['sni]中文拼写：桑妮名字含义：充满阳光的、欢快的名字来源：英语名字类别：女Silver['silv]中文拼写：西尔弗名字含义：银名字来源：英语名字类别：女Rich[rit]中文拼写：里奇名字含义：富有的；溪流名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：男Wall[w:l]名字含义：石墙名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Linn[lin]中文拼写：林名字含义：瀑布，Lynn的异体名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Fish[fi]中文拼写：菲什名字含义：鱼名字来源：中世纪英语、古英语名字类别：中Key[ki:]男中文拼写：基名字含义：热情人之子名字来源：盖尔语Stone[stun]中文拼写：斯通名字含义：石头名字来源：英语名字类别：男Jasmine['dsmin]中文拼写：贾斯敏名字含义：茉莉名字来源：英语名字类别：女Lily['lili]名字含义：百合花名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Iris['airis]中文拼写：艾丽斯名字含义：彩虹名字来源：希腊语名字类别：女Magnolia[mg'nuli]中文拼写：玛格诺莉娅名字含义：木兰花名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Apple['pl]中文拼写：阿普尔名字含义：苹果名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：女Daisy['deizi]中文拼写：戴西名字含义：雏菊花名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Cherry['teri:]中文拼写：彻丽/彻里名字含义：樱桃，上帝之爱名字来源：中世纪英语或古法语名字类别：中Lemon['lemn]中文拼写：莱蒙名字含义：亲爱的人名字来源：古英语名字类别：中流行度：Berry['beri]中文拼写：贝里名字含义：B ury的异体名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Wolf[wulf]中文拼写：沃尔夫名字含义：狼名字来源：英语名字类别：男Ruby['ru:bi]中文拼写：鲁比名字含义：红宝石名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女May[mei]中文拼写：梅名字含义：伟大；五月名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Summer['sm]中文拼写：萨默名字含义：夏季名字来源：英语名字类别：女Spring[spri]中文拼写：斯普林名字含义：跳跃名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Winter['wint]中文拼写：温特名字含义：冬季名字来源：古英语，美国英语名字类别：中June[du:n]中文拼写：琼名字含义：年轻气盛的；六月名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Beach[bi:t]中文拼写：比奇名字含义：B eech的异体名字来源：英语名字类别：男Sharp[a:p]中文拼写：夏普名字含义：敏锐的，敏捷的名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中Mercy['m:si]中文拼写：默西名字含义：怜悯，仁慈名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Fox[fks]中文拼写：福克斯名字含义：狐狸名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Olivia['livi]中文拼写：奥莉维亚名字含义：撖榄树名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Sweet[swi:t]中文拼写：斯威特名字含义：亲切的，令人愉快的名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中Rivers['rivz]中文拼写：里弗斯名字含义：河流名字来源：古法语名字类别：男House[haus]中文拼写：豪斯名字含义：大屋名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Black[blk]中文拼写：布莱克名字含义：黑的名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Hand[hnd]中文拼写：汉德名字含义：手名字来源：英语名字类别：男Flora['fl:r]中文拼写：弗洛拉名字含义：花之女神名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Honey['hni]中文拼写：赫尼名字含义：蜂蜜名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Lynn[lin]中文拼写：琳恩；林恩名字含义：河边居民名字来源：英语名字类别：中Merry['meri]中文拼写：梅里名字含义：活泼的、高兴的名字来源：英语名字类别：女Pearl[p:l]中文拼写：珀尔名字含义：珍珠名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Rose[ruz]中文拼写：罗斯名字含义：玫瑰名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Grace[greis]中文拼写：格雷丝名字含义：优雅，愉快名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Melody['meldi]中文拼写：梅洛迪名字含义：旋律名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Moon[mu:n]中文拼写：穆恩名字含义：僧侣名字来源：盎格鲁诺曼底法语名字类别：中Flood[fld]中文拼写：弗勒德名字含义：流动，洪水，Lloyd的异体名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Bee[bi:]中文拼写：比名字含义：大忙人，蜜蜂名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：女Beaver['bi:v]中文拼写：比弗名字含义：风景如画处；海狸名字来源：古法语，古英语名字类别：中Air[]中文拼写：艾尔名字含义：A yer的异体名字来源：英语名字类别：中流行度：Lake[leik]中文拼写：莱克名字含义：溪流名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：中Able['eibl]中文拼写：埃布尔名字含义：A bel的异体名字来源：希伯来语名字类别：男Ivy['aivi]中文拼写：艾维名字含义：常春藤，Ivey的异体名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Street[stri:t]中文拼写：斯特里特名字含义：罗马的道路名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Major['meid]中文拼写：梅杰名字含义：更伟大的名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：男Pack[pk]中文拼写：帕克名字含义：名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Page[peid]中文拼写：佩奇名字含义：孩子，年轻的侍者名字来源：古法语名字类别：男Paris['pris]中文拼写：帕里斯名字含义：巴黎，Parish的异体名字来源：希腊语，英语名字类别：中Early[':li]中文拼写：厄尔利名字含义：鹰栖息的树林，高贵的领导者，Earl的变体名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Easter['i:st]中文拼写：伊斯特尔名字含义：复活节，昵称Eacy名字来源：埃及语，英语名字类别：中Desire[di'zai]中文拼写：德西雷名字含义：D esideratus的法语异体名字来源：英语名字类别：男Ham[hm]中文拼写：哈姆名字含义：宅地名字来源：希伯来语名字类别：中Hand[hnd]中文拼写：汉德名字含义：手名字来源：英语名字类别：男Pace[peis]中文拼写：佩斯名字含义：和睦，和谐，友好名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中Park[pa:k]中文拼写：帕克名字含义：公园，松树名字来源：中国名字类别：男Pool[pu:l]中文拼写：普尔名字含义：池，Paul的异体名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Powers['pauz]中文拼写：鲍尔斯名字含义：P ower的异体名字来源：名字类别：中Fair[f]中文拼写：费尔名字含义：美丽的，可爱的名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Faith[feiθ]中文拼写：费思名字含义：忠诚名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：女Flowers['flauz]中文拼写：弗劳尔斯名字含义：弗劳尔之子名字来源：英语名字类别：中Fortune['f:tn]中文拼写：福琼名字含义：运气名字来源：古法语名字类别：男Friend[frend]中文拼写：弗伦德名字含义：朋友名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中Ash[]中文拼写：阿什名字含义：白杨，变体有Ashe，Asshe 名字来源：英语名字类别：女Wood[wud]中文拼写：伍德名字含义：树林名字来源：美国英语名字类别：男Blue[blu:]中文拼写：布卢名字含义：蓝的名字来源：英语名字类别：男Ray[rei]中文拼写：雷名字含义：R achel的昵称；Raymond的昵称名字来源：英语名字类别：中Read[ri:d]中文拼写：里德名字含义：红名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Rock[rk]中文拼写：罗克名字含义：岩石名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：North[n:θ]中文拼写：诺思名字含义：北方名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Temple['templ]中文拼写：坦普尔；邓波儿名字含义：圣殿名字来源：拉丁语名字类别：男Weeks[wi:ks]中文拼写：威克斯名字含义：W eake的异体名字来源：英语名字类别：中Louis['lu:is]中文拼写：路易斯名字含义：知名的勇士名字来源：古德语名字类别：男Cliff[klif]中文拼写：克利夫名字含义：悬崖名字来源：古英语名字类别：男See[si:]中文拼写：西伊名字含义：海；湖名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中Shaw[:]中文拼写：肖名字含义：灌木林；狼名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Short[:t]中文拼写：肖特名字含义：矮、矮人之子名字来源：中世纪英语、古英语名字类别：中Singer['si]中文拼写：辛格名字含义：名字来源：名字类别：中Hare[h]中文拼写：黑尔名字含义：野兔名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：男Day[dei]中文拼写：戴名字含义：1、白昼+++2、好运气名字来源：古英语名字类别：中Dawn[d:n]中文拼写：道恩名字含义：黎明名字来源：古英语名字类别：女Field[fi:ld]中文拼写：菲尔德名字含义：草原、旷野名字来源：古英语名字类别：男Will[wil]中文拼写：威尔名字含义：坚定的，有决心的，William的昵称名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：男Wise[waiz]中文拼写：怀斯名字含义：聪明的名字来源：中世纪英语名字类别：中。
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75
元器件交易网
ECONOLINE
DC/DC-Converter
Package Style and Pinning (mm)
RUZ Series
3rd angle projection
7 PIN SIP Package
7.05 10.20
RECOM RUZ-xxxxD ****
Deviation from Nominal (%)
050505
240505
15.000 10.000 5.000 0.000 -5.000 -10.000
120909
050909
120505
909
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%) 80% 100%
40 20 0
121515 241515
Efficiency %
20 0
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Output current (%)
Total Output current (%)
Deviation / Load
25.000 20.000 25.000 20.000
Deviation / Load
Deviation from Nominal (%)
15.000 10.000 5.000 0.000 -5.000 -10.000
Deviation from Nominal (%)
051212
121212
15.000 10.000 5.000 0.000 -5.000 -10.000
Output Power (%)
100 80 60 40 20 0 -40 0 50 100 150
Derating-Graph
(Ambient Temperature)
1 Second -40°C to +85°C (see Graph) -55°C to +125°C MSL Level 1 95% RH 2.8g 988 x 10 hours
1) 1) 1)
±10% ±5% 1.2%/1% of Vin max. 3.3V output types 5V output type 9V, 12V, 15V, 24V output types 20% max. 15% max. 10% max. 150mVp-p max. 35kHz min. / 50kHz typ. / 85kHz max. 70% min. / 80% typ. 163mW min. / 223mW typ. / 350mW max. (tested for 1 second) (long term isolation) 1.000VDC min. see Application Notes 40pF min. / 120pF max. 10 GΩ min.
0.25
1.00 ø+0.15/0 2.54
5 x 2.54
2.54
Top View
6 7
XX.X ± 0.5 mm XX.XX ± 0.25 mm
76
April-2005
Input/Output and Output V1/Output V2
74
April-2005
元器件交易网
ECONOLINE
DC/DC-Converter
Typical Characteristics
RUZ Series
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
80%
100%
RUZ-xx1212
Efficiency / Load
100 80 60 40
RUZ-xx1515
Efficiency / Load
100
241212
051515
80 60
121212 Efficiency % 051212
2 Watt SIP7 Isolated Dual Output
Specifications (Core Operating Area)
Input Voltage Range Output Voltage Accuracy Line Voltage Regulation Load Voltage Regulation (10% to 100% full load) Output Ripple and Noise (20MHz limited) Operating Frequency Efficiency at Full Load No Load Power Consumption Isolation Voltage Rated Working Voltage Isolation Capacitance Isolation Resistance Short Circuit Protection Operating Temperature Range (free air convection) Storage Temperature Range Relative Humidity Package Weight MTBF (+25°C) (+85°C)
ECONOLINE
DC/DC-Converter
RUZ Series
Selection Guide
Part Number SIP 7 RUZ-xx3.33.3 RUZ-xx0505 RUZ-xx0509 RUZ-xx0512 RUZ-xx0515 RUZ-xx0909 RUZ-xx1212 RUZ-xx1515 RUZ-xx2424 xx = Input Voltage Input Voltage (VDC) 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 5, 9, 12, 24 Output Voltage (V1VDC) 3.3 5 5 5 5 9 12 15 24 Output Voltage (V2VDC) 3.3 5 9 12 15 9 12 15 24 Output Current (mA) 303/303 200/200 200/111 200/84 200/66 111/111 84/84 66/66 42/42 Efficiency (%) 70 70-82 70-82 70-82 70-82 82-84 82-84 82-84 80-85
元器件交易网
Features
Unregulated Converters
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Dual Output from a Single Input Rail Input/Output Isolation 1kVDC Output/Output Isolation 1kVDC Power Sharing on Outputs UL94V-0 Package Material Toroidal Magnetics No Extern. Components Required Efficiency to 85%
051515
241515
241212
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%) 80% 100%
121515
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
80%
100%
April-2005
RUZ-xx0909
Efficiency / Load
100
RUZ-xx0505
Efficiency / Load
100 80 60 40
050505
050909
80 60
240505 120505 Efficiency %
40 20 0
120909 240909
Efficiency %
20 0
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
3
Safe Operating Area
85 Operating Temperature °C
}
using MIL-HDBK 217F Detailed Information see Application Notes chapter "MTBF" using MIL-HDBK 217F
135 x 103 hours
80%
100%
0% 20% 40% 60% Total Output current (%)
80%
100%
Deviation / Load
25.000 20.000 25.000 20.000
Deviation / Load
Deviation from Nominal (%)
15.000 10.000 5.000 0.000 -5.000 -10.000
Dual Output RECOM RUZ-xxxxD **** 1 2 4 5 6 7
0.51 typ.
4.10
0.51 typ.
Recommended Footprint Details
19.65 1.27 2.0
Bottom View
Pin Connections Pin # 1 2 4 5 Single +Vin –Vin +Vout 1 –Vout 1 +Vout 2 –Vout 2