2020版高考英语外研版总复习课件_检测_第二部分 语法点拨6 语法点拨6

语法点拨6 并列句和状语从句
A卷全国卷
单句填空/单句改错
1.(2018·全国Ⅰ,短文改错) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
2.(2018·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
3.(2017·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
4.(2016·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area.
5.(2016·全国Ⅲ,完形填空)Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him he came back from hospital.
6.(2016·全国Ⅲ,补全短文)When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you d better store the fish in the refrigerator you don t cook it immediately.
7.(2015·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)There the air is clean or the mountains are green.
8.(2014·全国Ⅱ,62)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, some of them looked very anxious.
9.(2014·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.
10.(2014·全国大纲,短文改错)The more friends we have, the more we can learn from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together.
11.(2014·全国Ⅰ,64)But the river wasn t changed in a few days even a few months.
12.(2013·全国Ⅰ,短文改错)In fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.
13.(2013·全国大纲,23)I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn t want to spend all day with her.
14.(2013·全国大纲,短文改错)My father is hardworking but goes to work in the field every day.
15.(2013·全国Ⅰ,32)There s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery
another man, also intelligent, fails.
16.(2012·全国Ⅰ,34)You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.
17.(2012·全国Ⅱ,11)I had hardly got to the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
【答案与解析】
1.but→and “我计划每两年回去一次”与“我父亲同意了”是并列关系,而不是转折关系,故将but改为and。

2.where→when 根据语境“父母是在我小时候教我这个游戏的”可知,此处应用when引导时间状语从句。

3.and→but not only...but also...“不但……而且……”,为固定搭配。

4.去掉but 从属连词though不可与并列连词but用在同一个句子中。

5.after 因为米勒被车撞了,所以当他从医院回来之后,“我”去看望他。

根据语境可知,此处用after。

6.if 当你买了鱼回家的时候,如果你不立刻做的话,最好先把鱼存储到冰箱里。

由语境可知此处是条件状语从句。

7.or→and 分析语境可知,前后句不是选择关系而是并列关系,故将or改为and。

8.and 设空处前后是两个结构完整的句子,而且表示并列关系,所以要用and连接。

9.去掉but或者but→yet 连词although不能和but同时出现在一个句子之中。

10.but→and 根据语境可知此处表示承接关系,不表示转折关系,故用and。

11.or 此处表示选择关系,故用or。

12.during→when 此处用连词when引导时间状语从句,不能用介词during。

13.but 根据语境可知此处表示转折关系,故用but。

14.but→and 分析语境可知,上下文是承接关系,故用and。

15.while 设空处前后的语句在语义上表示相反的意思,故用while表示对比关系。

16.or or在此处表示“否则”。

17.when had done... when... “刚做完某事,这时突然……”,为固定搭配。

B卷地方卷
单句填空/单句改错
1.(2018·江苏,29)you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
2.(2017·北京,22)—Peter, please send us postcards we ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
3.(2017·北京,25)birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
4.(2017·北京,28)If you don t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people you figure it out.
5.(2016·四川,70)After two and a half years, the mother drove the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
6.(2016·四川,短文改错)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother s Day.
7.(2016·北京,33)I really enjoy listening to music it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
8.(2016·北京,35)I am not afraid of tomorrow, I have seen yesterday and I love today.
9.(2016·四川,66)the little panda cried, the mother rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
10.(2016·江苏,26)some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
11.(2015·江苏,26)It is so cold that you can t go outside fully covered in thick clothes.
12.(2015·湖南,33)the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
13.(2015·北京,28)You won t find paper cutting difficult long as you keep practicing it.
14.(2015·北京,32)the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
15.(2015·浙江,9)Just a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
16.(2015·重庆,4)If you miss this chance, it may be years you get another one.
17.(2015·天津,12)We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it.
【答案与解析】
1.Unless 句意:除非你睡得好,否则一两个晚上之后,你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。

由句意可知,此处填Unless。

2.so 根据语境可知,设空处前后为因果关系,故用so。

3.Although/Though 分析语境可知,空格处引导让步状语从句,故填Although/Though。

4.until/till 句意:如果你无法理解某个东西,你可能会研究,学习并和他人探讨直到你弄明白为止。

根据句意可知填until/till。

5.and 分析语境可知,上下句之间为并列关系,故用and。

6.or→and “both... and...”是固定搭配。

7.because 根据语境可知,设空处前后为因果关系。

8.for 根据语境可知,设空处前后为因果关系,for后接从句表示原因时,一般用在逗号后面,表示补充说明的理由。

9.When/If 分析语境可知,空格处引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句。

10.While 根据语境可知,逗号前后为对比关系,故填While。

11.unless unless意为“除非;如果不”。

该题也考查了状语从句的省略,其完整形式为unless you are fully...clothes。

12.Although/Though 根据语境可知,空格处引导让步状语从句,故填Although/Though。

13.as/so as/so long as为固定短语,意为“只要”,符合语境。

14.Once once意为“一旦”,符合语境。

15.as just as意为“正如;正像”,符合语境。

16.before before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句。

17.before 根据逻辑关系可知,“找到问题根源”在“解决问题”之前发生。

考点一并列句
Tip 1并列句的四种类型
1.表示并列、递进或顺承关系:and、both... and、neither... nor、not only... but also...
Not only can a beautiful smile make ourselves happy,①it enables others to feel delighted.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴,而且能使他人感到愉快。

2.表示转折、对比关系:but、yet、while
The problem was a little hard,yet I was able to work it out.
这道题有点难,然而我却能把它做出来。

The winter in Beijing is very cold ②that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷,然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。

(2017·全国Ⅰ,阅读理解)Now all that was needed were the parents, ③they were absent. 现在所需要的只是父母,但他们不在身边。

3.表示选择关系:or、or else、either... or...、not... but...
Now you can either have a rest or go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息,也可以去看电影。

4.表示因果关系:so、for(意为“由于”,一般不放在句首)
He found it increasingly difficult to read,④his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力开始下降,他发现读书越来越困难了。

【答案】①but(also) ②while③but④for
Tip 2并列句的两大句式
1.when常用于以下句式
(1)sb be about to do/on the point of doing sth when... 某人正要做某事,突然……
(2)sb be doing sth when.... 某人正在做某事,突然……
(3)sb had (just) done sth when... 某人刚做完某事,突然……
One Friday,we ①to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.某个周五,我们在收拾行李要去度周末,突然我的女儿听到了呼救声。

She ②her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业,她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。

2.and与or/otherwise用于并列句
(1)祈使句+and+陈述句(and表示顺承关系)
(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句(or/otherwise表示转折关系)
Find ways to praise your children often,③you ll find they will open their hearts to you.设法常常表扬你的孩子们,这样你就会发现他们将会向你敞开心扉。

Hurry up,④you will be late for class.快点儿,否则你们上课就迟到了。

【答案】①were packing ②had just finished ③and
④or/otherwise
考点二状语从句
Tip 1时间状语从句
1.when、while和as的用法
When you apply for a job,you must present your credentials.
当你申请工作时,你必须出示你的有关证书。

①I was waiting at the bus stop,three buses went by in the opposite direction.我在公共汽车站等车时,对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。

②he grew older,he became less active. 随着他逐渐长大,他变得不那么活泼了。

2.before与since的用法
(1)before表示“在……之前;还未……就……;还没来得及……就……”,常用于以下句型:
●It will be+一段时间+before... 多久之后才……
●It won t be long before... 不久之后就……
●It was+一段时间+before... 过了多久才……
John thinks it won t be long before he is ready for his new job.约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。

(2016·江苏,阅读理解)One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. 一个(现象)就是:这些本能出现在孩子非常小的时候,这个时候大部分家长还没有开始训练孩子的社会行为。

(2)since的用法
●since表示“自从……”,其引导的从句在句中作状语时,主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时,从句常用一般过去时。

(2017·北京,完形填空)In the more than five years ③Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of praises. 自从汉娜开始她的活动的五年多以来,她得到了许多赞扬。

●since表示“自从……以来”,常用于“It is/has been+时间段+since从句”结构。

该句型表示“自从开始(不做)……已经多长时间了”,从句的时态常用一般过去时,主句的时态常用现在完成时。

As is reported,it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.据报道,清华大学已经建立100多年了。

3.till、until和not... until... 的用法
(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”,此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词,主从句都为肯定句。

这两个词可以互换,但till不可以置于句首,而until可以。

Have you heard the meeting will be put off ④next Tuesday?这个会议将被推迟到下周二,你有没有听说?
(2)not... until... 表示“直到……才”,主句谓语动词必须是短暂性动词。

As far as I know,his mother won t go to bed until he returns home every night.据我所知,每天晚上他母亲直到他回家才会去睡觉。

4.表示“一……就……;刚……就……”的常用表达
(1)表示“一……就……”的表达:as soon as、immediately、directly、the moment、the minute、the instant 等。

The moment I heard the voice,I knew my father was coming. 我一听到那声音就知道是我父亲来了。

(2)表示“刚……就……”的表达:no sooner... than...、hardly/scarcely... when...等。

注意:no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。

此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,句子应用倒装。

He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
=No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼了。

【答案】①While②As③since④till/until
Tip 2条件状语从句
1.条件状语从句的常见引导词:if、unless(=if... not)、so/as long as (只要)、on condition that (条件是)、if only、provided that (如果)、in case (万一;如果)、suppose/supposing that (假设;如果)、assuming that等。

We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday ①it rains or it s very cold. 除非下雨或天很冷,否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。

My parents don t mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 我的父母不在意我从事什么工作,只要我高兴就好。

2.条件状语从句的时态:在条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的含义;用现在完成时表示即将完成的情况;用一般过去时表示过去将来的含义。

(2016·天津,阅读表达)②we work hard,we will find a way out. 如果我们努力,我们就会找到出路。

【答案】①unless②If
Tip 3让步状语从句
1.although、though、while常引导让步状语从句
Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important,it s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. 尽管有规律的锻炼很重要,但临睡前锻炼绝不是个好主意。

(2016·浙江,5)①online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但是它的影响并不都是积极的。

2.as、though引导的让步状语从句需用部分倒装
Hot as/though the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 尽管夜晚的空气很热,长途跋涉之后的我们还是因为疲惫而睡得很熟。

3.“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句,意为“无论……”。

②hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.不管你多么努力,如果不减少饭量,减肥很难。

4.“whether... or...” 引导的让步状语从句,意为“不论……还是……”,表示正反两种情况都不会影响主句的意向或结果。

We ll go on with the work,whether we can find the necessary tools or not. 不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们都会继续把这项工作做下去。

【答案】①While②However
Tip 4地点状语从句
地点状语从句表示地点、方位,通常由where、wherever引导。

I cannot hear what the professor says clearly as there is too much noise I am sitting. 因为我坐的地方噪音太大,所以我听不清教授在说什么。

【答案】where
Tip 5原因状语从句
原因状语从句可由because、as、since、now that、in that等词引导。

1.because译作“因为”,表示直接原因,语气较强,能回答由why提出的问句。

(2017·全国Ⅲ,阅读理解)Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie ①it seemed appropriate. 剧院老板Ed Bradford说他选择这部电影是因为它似乎是合适的。

2.as译作“由于”,常表示显而易见的原因,语气较轻;since(既然)、now that(既然)和in that(因为)表示双方都知道的原因,语气较弱。

as、since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。

Now that you have got a job,you should learn to be independent.既然你已经找到了一份工作,你就应该学会独立。

(2017·全国Ⅲ,阅读七选五)②you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. 既然你知道你为什么想要醒来,那么请考虑重新安排早晨的活动。

【答案】①because②Now that
Tip 6结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so... that...、such... that...,注意其结构形式:
形容词副词从句
形容词可数名词单数从句
少可数名词复数不可数名
词从句
形容词可数名词单数从句
形容词可数名词复数不可数名词从句
He is such a learned person that we admire him very much. =He is so learned a person that we admire him very much. 他是一个如此有学问的人,以至于我们都非常欣赏他。

It is such fine weather that we all want to go to park.
天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园玩。

He earned so little money that he couldn t support his family.他挣的钱这么少,以至于养不起家。

2.当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时,还可简化为so/such... as to... 。

He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.=He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems. 他是一个如此聪明的学生,以至于他能够解决所有难题。

Tip 7目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that、in order that、for fear that、in case(that)、lest(以免;唯恐)等。

1.in order that和so that引导的目的状语从句
两者都意为“以便……;为了……”,它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。

When he goes out,he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜,以便没人能认出他。

2.for fear that、in case(that)和lest引导的目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句时,for fear that表示“害怕/担心某事会发生”,in case(that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。

I had to run away for fear that he might one day kill me.我只好逃走,生怕他有一天把我杀了。

(2016·全国Ⅰ,完形填空)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.莱瑞告诉她他已经扑灭了火,她不应当动弹以免伤了脖子。

层级1考能提升
Ⅰ.单句填空
友情提醒:根据高考大数据,重点关注第1、3、5、6、7、8、13题
1.(2019·河北衡水中学月考)Gates was only 21 years old he first helped to set up the company in 1976.
2.(2019·福建泉州质检)To my great disappointment, my best friend left the city I could have a word with her.
3.(2019·大连二十中期中)In recent years,a new idea called “naked marriage” has arisen the cost of living goes up.
4.(2019·兰州一中月考)It has been separated from other continents for millions of years, it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
5.(2019·衡水中学调研)As we can see,developing a good habit is so important I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit-keeping a learning diary every day.
6.(2018·浙江名校联考)the wedding ceremony began,the couple nervously repeated their vows, “We promise to love each other for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness and in health.”
7.(2018·哈尔滨九中月考)I have never been to Rome, that s the city I d most like to visit.
8.(2018·杭州质检)there was no conclusive evidence,most people thought he was guilty.
9.(2018·西工大附中质检)More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want,and I am one of them. I just can t help buying things I need them or not.
10.(2018·重庆八中检测)he has decided to come to see you,when do you think he will come?
11.(2018·山东泰兴四中检测)—It s a long time I saw you last.
—Yes,and what a pity!It will be a long time we see each other again.
12.(2018·山西运城期末调研)I was so nervous I didn t catch the manager s name.
13.(2018·甘肃西北师大附中月考)It will be great you can tell me some information about chopsticks.
14.(2018·安徽皖南八校联考)Neighbors said they heard the man tell the woman that she couldn t leave she gave back the money borrowed from him.
15.(2018·云南昆明高三模拟考试)it is happiness or sorrow,it would finally become memories of life.
16.(2018·新疆师大附中月考)No matter we study,we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if we try our best.
17.(2018·广西南宁适应性检测)She only uses that name she paints.
18.(2018·湖南四大名校联考)To our surprise, much effort has been made,the cause of the accident has not been found out.
【答案与解析】
1.when 此处是一个由when引导的时间状语从句。

2.before before表示“在……之前”,此处意为“还没来得及做某事就……”。

3.as as在此处表示“随着”。

4.so 根据语境可知,设空处前后为因果关系。

5.that 根据语境可知,此处为so... that引导的结果状语从句。

6.When 分析句子语境可知,设空处引导时间状语从句,且从句谓语动词为短暂性动词,故答案为When。

7.but 根据语境可知,设空处前后为转折关系。

8.While/Although/Though 句意:尽管没有确凿的证据,但大多数人认为他是有罪的。

根据句意可知答案为While/Although/Though。

9.whether 根据语境可知,此处引导让步状语从句。

whether... or not意为“无论……还是……”。

10.Since since为从属连词,意为“既然”,符合语境。

11.since;before “It is+一段时间+since... ”意为“自从……到现在已经有一段时间了”。

“It will be+一段时间+before... ”意为“还得有一段时间才会……”。

12.that so... that... “如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。

13.if 此处表示“如果你能告诉我一些关于筷子的信息”,所填的词表示条件,故用if。

14.unless 根据语境可知,这里应该用unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”。

15.Whether 分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是一个让步状语从句,再根据后面的or可知,这里应该填Whether。

16.where 此处表示“无论我们在哪里学习”,是一个地点状语从句,故填where。

17.when 此处引导时间状语从句,故填连词when。

18.although/though 根据语境可知,这里应该用连词although或though引导让步状语从句。

Ⅱ.单句改错
友情提醒:根据高考大数据,重点关注第1、3、7题
1.(2019·全国名校联盟百校大联考)When we got there,the firefighters welcomed us but led us into an exhibition hall.
2.(2019·江西临川一中月考)Hard although it is,the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road.
3.(2019·温州联考)On Monday afternoon,we were playing basketball on the playground while I suddenly slipped and fell over.
4.(2019·石家庄质检)I hope you ll soon feel calm or carry on to achieve your goal.
5.(2018·资阳诊断)Not only did we take a break from our heavy school work,and also we learned how to communicate with each other.
6.(2018·贵州遵义模拟)When I was on the platform,and I was so nervous that much sweat was on my forehead.
7.(2018·太原五中月考)Success,to a great extent,can be influenced by luck,and this is not to say luck is an accident.
8.(2018·安徽合肥八中段考)Unfortunately I won t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.
【答案与解析】
1.but→and 根据语境可知,前后并不是转折关系,而是顺承关系,故将but改为and。

2.although→as/though 这里是一个倒装句。

as / though在此处引导让步状语从句,从句用部分倒装。

3.while→when be doing sth when... 为常用句型,意为“正在做某事,这时……”。

其中when相当于and at that time。

4.or→and 根据语境可知,you ll soon feel calm和carry on to achieve your goal之间不是选择关系,而是顺承关系,故将or改为and。

5.and→but not only... but also... 为固定结构,意为“不仅……而且……”。

6.去掉and 该句是从属连词when引导的时间状语从句,故去掉and。

7.and→but 根据语境可知,上下文为转折关系,故将and改为but。

8.although→because/as 根据语境可知,I won t be able to meet you at the airport与I have classes in the afternoon之间为因果关系,即后者是前者的原因。

层级2滚动训练
Exercise 1
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2019·贵阳三中月考)1. the old saying goes among the northerners in China, “Chinese cabbage is better than any 2. vegetables.”
As winter comes, dabaicai, or Chinese cabbage, can be seen piled up in the sidewalks in Beijing. 3. (store) up cabbage before the cold weather is an annual tradition for the northerners, 4. (especial)
after they ve experienced the hungry winters of the 1950s and 1960s. dabaicai is not only cheap, but also has a great taste in their 5. (memory).
Wang Ruimei, a seller of Chinese cabbage, sells over 5,000 kilos each day. “Beijingers still miss the taste. We sell at 6. (little) 50,000 kilos of Chinese cabbage every year,” she said. Although the price 7. (increase) almost 10 times over the years, people still line up 8. (buy) it. “Chinese winter cabbage is sweeter than other vegetables. The 9.(long) you store, the sweeter it will be,” Wang said. Chinese cabbage can be cooked 10.different ways—cabbage dumplings, cabbage and bean curd soup, steamed cabbage, cabbage in sour sauce and so on.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国北方人对大白菜的喜爱。

【答案与解析】
1.As as the old saying goes...意为“正如老话说的那样……”。

2.other 此处表示“中国的大白菜要比其他蔬菜更好”,故填other。

3.Storing 此处用动名词短语作主语,故填Storing。

4.especially 此处用副词作状语。

5.memories 名词memory意为“记忆”时,通常作不可数名词,但当表示某个人/某件事的记忆时,则为可数名词。

本句特指他们的记忆,故用其复数形式。

6.least at least“至少”,为固定搭配。

7.has increased 本句的时间状语over the years意为“在这几年期间”,通常和现在完成时连用,表示这几年已经发生的事情。

8.to buy 不定式to buy it在句中作目的状语。

9.longer 固定句式“the +比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……就越……”。

所以此处用比较级longer。

10.in in different ways意为“用不同的方法”,为固定搭配。

Ⅱ.短文改错
My friend Mike has benefited great from humor. He is kind but overweight,that brings him a lot of
problems. Once one of my classmates laughed him,“Why are you so fat?” We all stopped to stare at Mike,wonder how he would answer the question. He just said in the calm voice,“Well,because of my size must be large enough to hold my heart of love.” Hearing his word,we all burst into laughter. Not only does Mike take the joke,but he also managed to cope with the embarrassed situation. What an important part
humor plays in ours daily life!
【答案】
My friend Mike has benefited great from humor. He is kind but overweight,that brings him a lot of problems. Once one of my classmates laughed him,“Why are you so fat?” We all stopped to stare at Mike,wonder how he would answer the question. He just said in the calm
voice,“Well,because of my size must be large enough to hold my heart of love.” Hearing his word,we all burst into laughter. Not only does Mike take the joke,but he also managed to cope with the embarrassed situation. What an important part humor plays in ours daily life!
Exercise 2
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2018·宁夏银川模拟)Are you planning1. (go) to university? What will your responsibilities be in the first few weeks? Perhaps you will be choosing classes, and taking part in other 2.
(activity). However, if you go to university in Chile, there is something extra you must do.
An essential part of 3. (start) university in Chile is the mechoneo. Mechoneo is an ancient university tradition here. Students beginning their first year at university 4. (welcome) by the older students, and they have to do games for a whole day, 5. may include some unpleasant things like kissing a dead fish. They are taken from their classrooms with their eyes blindfolded (蒙住眼睛). The older students take off their clothes and cover them in raw eggs and other disgusting things. They are then taken to a swimming pool 6. (fill) with things like bad fruit, vegetables and fish from the markets. The older students also take away the younger students things (their money, phones, etc.) and tell them they must go out onto the street and ask people 7. money. The money is then used to have 8. big welcome party in the midnight time.
So don t be 9. (surprise) if you see new university students all around town wearing 10. (extreme) dirty clothes and covered in paint.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了智利各大学针对新生的一项传统活动。

【答案与解析】
1.to go plan to do sth “计划做某事”,为固定结构。

2.activities 分析语境可知,此处表示复数概念,故填activities。

3.starting 介词of后面用v-ing形式。

4.are welcomed 根据by the older students可知,此处要用被动语态。

5.which 空格处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中充当主语,先行词是games,指物,故填which。

6.filled 动词fill与其逻辑主语a swimming pool为被动关系,故填filled。

7.for ask sb for sth“向某人要某物”,为固定搭配。

8.a 此处泛指“一个大的迎新晚会”,故填a。

9.surprised 此处表示“感到惊讶的”,故填surprised。

10.extremely 此处用副词extremely修饰形容词dirty。

Ⅱ.短文改错
(2019·云南昆明模拟)I have a 5-year-old sister. Sometimes she fights against myself for candies.
When Mom makes me to give my share to her, I always feel unwillingly. Last week, I caught serious cold and had to follow the doctor s advices to take medicine. Before I came home from school, I noticed her leaving candies beside my medicine. I g o up to her and asked “Hey, what are you doing?”In a smile, she said to me, “Candies make me happy because I put them here to make you happy today. ”That was the
greatest thing what I d ever experienced.
【答案】
I have a 5-year-old sister. Sometimes she fights against for candies. When Mom makes me
to give my share to her, I always feel . Last week, I caught ∧a serious cold and had to follow
the doctor s to take medicine. I came home from school, I noticed her leaving candies beside my medicine. I up to her and asked “Hey, what are you doing?” a smile, she said to me, “Candies make me happy I put them here to make you happy today. ”That was the greatest thing
I d ever experienced.
去掉。